| Interacting proteins: Q92686 and P62158 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| NA |
|
| Interacting proteins: Q92686 and P62158 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| NA |
|
| Interacting proteins: Q92686 and P62158 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.82821458 |
| Evidence was obtained suggesting that neurogranin binds to calmodulin in the absence of Ca2+ , a feature that also characterizes neuromodulin . 0.82821458^^^ |
|
| Interacting proteins: Q92686 and P62158 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.82484748 |
| Our data illustrate that CaM binds to neurogranin in vivo and that CaM is the only neurogranin interacting protein isolated from brain cDNA libraries . 0.82484748^^^ However , it has not been established that neurogranin interacts with CaM in vivo . 0.79153549^^^ Interactions between neurogranin and calmodulin in vivo . 0.7660504^^^ |
|
| Interacting proteins: Q92686 and P62158 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.5101562 |
| In neurons , neurogranin ( Ng ) binds calmodulin ( CaM ) , and its binding affinity is reduced by increasing Ca2+ , phosphorylation by PKC , or oxidation by oxidants . 0.5101562^^^ |
|
| Interacting proteins: Q92686 and P62158 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.72132761 |
| In the physiological conditions , Ng forms a complex with CaM , and its CaM binding affinity was modulated by phosphorylation , oxidation and glutathiolation under the activation of PKC or oxidant stress , which may be involved in the regulation of CaM and CaM activated proteins , such as CaM dependent nitric oxide synthase ( NOS ) , CaM dependent protein kinase 2 ( CaMKII ) and CaM dependent adenylate cyclase ( AC ) . 0.72132761^^^ |
|
| Interacting proteins: Q92686 and P62158 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :1.0208946 |
| We demonstrate that RC 3 binds preferentially to CaM when Ca2+ is absent and that the addition of a negative charge to residue 36 is sufficient to disrupt all detectable RC 3 CaM interactions . 1.0208946^^^ To understand the molecular interactions between RC 3 and calmodulin , we characterized recombinant RC 3 and four sequence variants : Ser 36 > Ala , Ser 36 > Asp , Ser 36 > Lys , and Phe 37 > Trp . 0.73161923^^^ |
|
| Interacting proteins: Q92686 and P62158 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :1.1143071 |
| In rat brain homogenate , RC 3 formed a stable complex with CaM in the presence of Ca2+ , as demonstrated by immunoblot analysis following gel filtration chromatography . ( ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS ) . 1.1143071^^^ In the absence of Ca2+ , RC 3 formed a stoichiometric complex with CaM as evidenced by an increase in the M ( r ) determined by gel filtration chromatography . 0.98384075^^^ |
|
| Interacting proteins: Q92686 and P62158 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| Comparison of the binding of neuromodulin to acidic phospholipids with that of neurogranin , a newly characterized calmodulin binding PKC substrate ( Baudier J . , Deloulme , J . ^^^ |
|
| Interacting proteins: Q92686 and P62158 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| Two of these substrates , B 50 and neurogranin , share the primary sequence coding for the phospho and calmodulin binding sites and might exert similar functions in axonal and dendritic processes , respectively . ^^^ |
|
| Interacting proteins: Q92686 and P62158 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| By immunological methods and sequence comparison , we have found that p 68 possesses a region of sequence similarity to the conserved protein kinase C phosphorylation site and calmodulin binding domain ( also known as the IQ domain ) of the neural specific proteins neuromodulin ( GAP 43 ) and neurogranin ( RC 3 ) . ^^^ |
|
| Interacting proteins: Q92686 and P62158 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| The dendritic peptide neurogranin can regulate a calmodulin dependent target . ^^^ Neurogranin , a peptide capable of binding the calcium poor form of calmodulin , was tested in vitro for its ability to modulate a typical calmodulin target . ^^^ Neurogranin for the study was purified from perchloric acid soluble calf brain proteins by a combination of calmodulin Sepharose affinity chromatography and reverse phase HPLC . ^^^ These results suggest that neurogranin may serve as a member of a unique class of endogenous calmodulin inhibitor that functions to regulate the activation of calmodulin requiring targets in neurons . . ^^^ |
|
| Interacting proteins: Q92686 and P62158 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| Differential responses of protein kinase C substrates ( MARCKS , neuromodulin , and neurogranin ) phosphorylation to calmodulin and S 100 . ^^^ Phosphorylation of three physiological substrates of protein kinase C ( PKC ) , MARCKS , neuromodulin ( Nm ) , and neurogranin ( Ng ) , was analyzed to determine their relative efficacy as substrates of PKC alpha , beta , and gamma and sensitivities to inhibition by calmodulin ( CaM ) and S 100 . ^^^ |
|
| Interacting proteins: Q92686 and P62158 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| Dephosphorylation of neurogranin by all three CaMPP isozymes , CaMPP 1 , 2 , and 3 , were stimulated to a higher extent by Mn2+ than by Ni2+ in the presence of CaM and Ca2+ . ^^^ |
|
| Interacting proteins: Q92686 and P62158 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| Therefore , NM 2 may be a useful tool in physiological studies of the role of PKC mediated phosphorylation and calmodulin binding of B 50 and neurogranin . . ^^^ |
|
| Interacting proteins: Q92686 and P62158 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| Camstatins are peptide antagonists of calmodulin based upon a conserved structural motif in PEP 19 , neurogranin , and neuromodulin . ^^^ PEP 19 is a 7 . 6 kDa neuron specific protein , which contains a motif similar to the calmodulin binding domains of neuromodulin ( GAP 43 ) and neurogranin ( RC 3 ) . ^^^ |
|
| Interacting proteins: Q92686 and P62158 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| Nitric oxide modification of rat brain neurogranin affects its phosphorylation by protein kinase C and affinity for calmodulin . ^^^ Neurogranin ( Ng ) is a prominent protein kinase C ( PKC ) substrate which binds calmodulin ( CaM ) in the absence of Ca2+ . ^^^ |
|
| Interacting proteins: Q92686 and P62158 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| Calcium vector protein target ( CaVPT ) , a 26 kDa endogenous target of calcium vector protein from Amphioxus ( CaVP ) , contains three distinct regions : a N terminal Pro Ala Lys rich motif , segment 36 50 displaying sequence similarity to the calmodulin binding site in neuromodulin and neurogranin where they are designated as the IQ domain ; and two immunoglobulin like folds . ^^^ Two main conclusions can be drawn from this study : 1 ) the regulation of interaction between CaVP and CaVPT is very similar to the mechanism observed in the complex between neuromodulin or neurogranin and calmodulin ; 2 ) in spite of this similarity the entire CaVP binding site is not restricted to the IQ domain ; in addition the Pro Ala Lys rich motif may be necessary for high affinity binding to CaVP . . ^^^ |
|
| Interacting proteins: Q92686 and P62158 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| Neurogranin ( Ng ) is a neuron specific protein kinase C selective substrate , which binds calmodulin ( CaM ) in the dephosphorylated form at low levels of Ca2+ . ^^^ |
|
| Interacting proteins: Q92686 and P62158 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| Neurogranin is a calmodulin binding and a protein kinase C substrate , that is expressed in telencephalic regions of the rat brain and has been associated with signal transduction and long term potentiation ( LTP ) . ^^^ It is proposed that neurogranin phosphorylation responds to changes in intracellular free Ca2+ and , also , that an increase in neurogranin phosphorylation contributes to enhance and extend calmodulin action , and therefore participate in post synaptic signal transduction and LTP . . ^^^ |
|
| Interacting proteins: Q92686 and P62158 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| These substrates include the CaM storage proteins ( neurogranin , neuromodulin ) , the membrane associated MARCKS ( myristoylated alanine rich C kinase substrate ) protein , the NMDA receptor RI subunit and the autoinhibitory domain of the plasma membrane Ca2+ pump . ^^^ |
|
| Interacting proteins: Q92686 and P62158 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| Calcium sensitive interaction between calmodulin and modified forms of rat brain neurogranin / RC3 . ^^^ Neurogranin ( NG ) binding of calmodulin ( CaM ) at its IQ domain is sensitive to Ca ( 2+ ) concentration and to modifications by protein kinase C ( PKC ) and oxidants . ^^^ |
|
| Interacting proteins: Q92686 and P62158 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| Huang , Nitric oxide modification of rat brain neurogranin affects its phosphorylation by protein kinase C and affinity for calmodulin , J . ^^^ |
|
| Interacting proteins: Q92686 and P62158 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| Involvement of neurogranin in the modulation of calcium / calmodulin dependent protein kinase 2 , synaptic plasticity , and spatial learning : a study with knockout mice . ^^^ Neurogranin / RC3 is a neural specific Ca ( 2+ ) sensitive calmodulin ( CaM ) binding protein whose CaM binding affinity is modulated by phosphorylation and oxidation . ^^^ |
|
| Interacting proteins: Q92686 and P62158 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| Small proteins that modulate calmodulin dependent signal transduction : effects of PEP 19 , neuromodulin , and neurogranin on enzyme activation and cellular homeostasis . ^^^ Neuromodulin ( GAP 43 ) , neurogranin ( RC 3 ) , and PEP 19 are small acid stable proteins that bind calcium poor calmodulin through a loosely conserved IQ motif . ^^^ Although neuromodulin , neurogranin , and PEP 19 were early representatives of the small IQ motif containing protein family , newer examples have come to light that expand the number of cellular systems through which the IQ peptide / calmodulin interaction could regulate biological processes including gene transcription . ^^^ |
|
| Interacting proteins: Q92686 and P62158 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| Selective age related changes in the PKC sensitive , calmodulin binding protein , neurogranin , in the mouse brain . ^^^ Given the crucial role of neurogranin / RC3 ( Ng ) in the post synaptic regulation of Ca ( 2+ ) and calmodulin levels , age dependent changes in the levels of Ng mRNA and protein expression were analysed in 3 , 12 , 24 and 31 month old mouse brains . ^^^ |
|
| Interacting proteins: Q92686 and P62158 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| Neurogranin / RC3 is a protein that binds calmodulin and serves as a substrate for protein kinase C . ^^^ |
|
| Interacting proteins: Q92686 and P62158 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| Interaction between calcium free calmodulin and IQ motif of neurogranin studied by nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy . ^^^ The interaction of Ca ( 2+ ) free calmodulin ( apoCaM ) with the IQ motif corresponding to the calmodulin binding domain of neurogranin has been studied by nuclear magnetic resonance ( NMR ) methods . ^^^ |
|
| Interacting proteins: Q92686 and P62158 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| Neurogranin / RC3 is a neuron specific , Ca ( 2+ ) sensitive calmodulin binding protein and a specific protein kinase C substrate . ^^^ Neurogranin may function to regulate calmodulin levels at specific sites in neurons through phosphorylation at serine residue within its IQ motif , oxidation outside the IQ motif , or changes in local cellular Ca ( 2+ ) concentration . ^^^ To gain insight into the functional role of neurogranin in the regulation of calmodulin dependent activities , we investigated the structure and dynamics of a full length rat neurogranin protein with 78 amino acids using triple resonance NMR techniques . ^^^ In the absence of calmodulin or PKC , neurogranin exists in an unfolded form as evidenced by high backbone mobility and the absence of long range nuclear Overhauser effect ( NOE ) . ^^^ The medium mobility of the nascent helical region may help to reduce the entropy loss when neurogranin binds to its targets , but the complex between neurogranin and calmodulin is not stable enough for structural determination by NMR . ^^^ |
|
| Interacting proteins: Q92686 and P62158 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| Western blotting showed reduction in phosphorylated ( P ) CAMKII , total CaMKII , neurogranin , and calmodulin basal levels in the CA 1 region of the hippocampus of hypothyroid rats . ^^^ |
|
| Interacting proteins: Q92686 and P62158 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| Neurogranin / RC3 ( Ng / rodent cortex enriched mRNA clone # 3 ) , a postsynaptic neuronal protein kinase C ( PKC ) substrate , binds calmodulin ( CaM ) at low Ca ( 2+ ) levels . ^^^ |
|
| Interacting proteins: Q92686 and P62158 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| The concentration of calmodulin in neurons is considerably less than the total concentration of the apocalmodulin binding proteins neurogranin and GAP 43 , resulting in a low level of free calmodulin in the resting state . ^^^ To elucidate the role of neurogranin in synaptic plasticity , we constructed a computational model with emphasis on the interaction of calmodulin with neurogranin , calcineurin , and CaMKII . ^^^ Therefore , inducing LTP with a short tetanus requires calmodulin stored in spines in the form of rapidly dissociating calmodulin neurogranin complexes . . ^^^ |
|
| Interacting proteins: Q92686 and P62158 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| Affinity purified antibodies were able to detect as little as 50 ng of cAMP dependent protein kinase and 200 ng of Ca2+ / calmodulin dependent protein kinase 2 . ^^^ |
|
| Interacting proteins: Q92686 and P62158 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| Ruthenium red induced inhibition of Ca 2 ( + ) PDE activity was also overcome by increasing the concentration of Ca2+ in the presence of both 200 ng and 2000 ng calmodulin , in sharp contrast to fluphenazine induced inhibition of Ca 2 ( + ) PDE . ^^^ |
|
| Interacting proteins: Q92686 and P62158 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| Application of TGF beta 1 ( 10 100 ng ) to the chicken chorioallantoic membrane ( CAM ) for 72 h resulted in a dose dependent , gross angiogenic response . ^^^ |
|
| Interacting proteins: Q92686 and P62158 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| These methods permitted detection of as little as 0 . 1 ng of calmodulin spotted directly onto the membrane , or 10 ng transferred from an SDS polyacrylamide gel . ^^^ |
|
| Interacting proteins: Q92686 and P62158 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| Surprisingly , one gene whose transcription substantially increased was RC 3 ( also called neurogranin ) , which encodes a calmodulin binding protein thought to be a neural specific factor involved in learning and memory . ^^^ |
|
| Interacting proteins: Q92686 and P62158 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| Participation of NMDA mediated phosphorylation and oxidation of neurogranin in the regulation of Ca2+ and Ca2+ / calmodulin dependent neuronal signaling in the hippocampus . ^^^ Neurogranin / RC3 ( Ng ) is a postsynaptic protein kinase C ( PKC ) substrate and calmodulin ( CaM ) binding protein whose CaM binding affinity is modulated by Ca2+ , phosphorylation and oxidation . ^^^ |
|
| Interacting proteins: Q92686 and P62158 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| Upon incubation of the cells with the full agonist carbachol , a 4 . 5 to 5 fold increase in CaM in the cytosol was observed , from 126 ng of CaM to 629 ng of CaM . ^^^ |
|
| Interacting proteins: Q92686 and P62158 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| By modifying the standard elution protocol and / or using post column reaction with o phthalaldehyde , detection of less than 50 ng calmodulin in 7 min total analysis time was demonstrated . ^^^ |
|
| Interacting proteins: Q92686 and P62158 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| Addition of PKI ( 33 ng ) to extracts following CAM activation had little effect on homogenate TG lipase activity , but reduced activities in 10 , 000 g and 105 , 000 g supernatant fractions to their respective control levels , and inhibited TG hydrolase activity of activated heparin Sepharose eluate to 50 % below the control activity . ^^^ |
|
| Interacting proteins: Q92686 and P62158 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| Progressive addition of purified rat testis calmodulin in vitro ( 10 150 ng calmodulin / mg membrane protein ) restored hormone responsiveness in the presence of bepridil and cetiedil . ^^^ |
|
| Interacting proteins: Q92686 and P62158 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| This protein was purified to apparent homogeneity by fast protein liquid chromatography with a yield of 260 ng of calmodulin / mg of protozoan protein . ^^^ |
|
| Interacting proteins: Q92686 and P62158 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| Schizont infected erythrocytes had CaM levels of 23 . 3 + / 2 . 7 ng per 10 ( 6 ) cells compared to normals ( 11 . 2 + / 1 . 5 ng per 10 ( 6 ) cells ) . ^^^ |
|
| Interacting proteins: Q92686 and P62158 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| The calmodulin content in whole nuclei was 79 ng / mg of protein . ^^^ The soluble fraction obtained after digestion of the nuclei with DNase 1 and RNase A ( S 1 fraction ) contained 252 ng of calmodulin / mg of protein . ^^^ The calmodulin contents of the S 2 fraction and of the nuclear matrix were 68 and 190 ng / mg of protein , respectively . ^^^ If nuclei were digested only with DNase 1 , the calmodulin content in the soluble fraction increased to 703 ng / mg of protein , indicating that part of the nuclear calmodulin is associated with active DNA . ^^^ |
|
| Interacting proteins: Q92686 and P62158 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| The mean value + / SEM for calmodulin was 1 . 97 + / 0 . 15 ng calmodulin micrograms 1 protein for 16 control subjects whereas calmodulin levels were significantly increased in psoriatic hair follicles , 2 . 93 + / 0 . 26 ng calmodulin micrograms 1 protein ( uninvolved skin ) for 18 patients and 3 . 09 + / 0 . 21 ng calmodulin micrograms 1 protein for involved skin derived hair follicles for 17 of these patients . ^^^ |
|
| Interacting proteins: Q92686 and P62158 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| Biotinylated calmodulin was able to detect as little as 10 ng of calcineurin , and the binding was competitively inhibited by addition of either native calmodulin or trifluoperazine . ^^^ |
|
| Interacting proteins: Q92686 and P62158 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| EGTA extractable calmodulin in pre disulfiram , post disulfiram , and control subjects was 5 . 07 + / 2 . 2 ( SD ) , 5 . 19 + / 1 . 7 ( SD ) , and 10 . 5 + / 6 . 7 ( SD ) ng calmodulin / mg whole platelet protein . ^^^ |
|
| Interacting proteins: Q92686 and P62158 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| The calmodulin levels in the particulate fraction from pentobarbital dependent animals ( 30 . 2 + / 6 . 7 ng calmodulin / mg protein ) did not differ significantly when compared to control ( 33 . 0 + / 4 . 7 ng / mg ) . ^^^ By contrast , the calmodulin levels ( 37 . 9 + / 5 . 9 ng / mg ) in the 20 , 000 10 g supernatant from cortex of pentobarbital dependent animals was significantly greater than the level in the supernatant from control animals ( 28 . 6 + / 2 . 6 ng / mg ) . ^^^ |
|
| Interacting proteins: Q92686 and P62158 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| It was not inhibited by 20 microM trifluoperazine nor stimulated by the addition of 2 ng of calmodulin . ^^^ |
|
| Interacting proteins: Q92686 and P62158 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| The inferior mesenteric ganglia contained 93 . 3 + / 3 ng calmodulin per ganglion , and segments of unligated cat hypogastric nerves had 6 . 53 + / 0 . 32 ng per 5 mm segment . ^^^ The amounts found in P 1 amounted to 15 . 3 , 20 , 30 . 4 and 39 . 4 ng calmodulin per 5 mm segment 1 , 2 , 3 and 6 days after ligation , respectively . ^^^ |
|
| Interacting proteins: Q92686 and P62158 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| The purified calmodulin activated calmodulin deficient phosphodiesterase from pig coronary arteries , with half maximal activation occurring at approximately 40 ng calmodulin / ml . ^^^ |
|
| Interacting proteins: Q92686 and P62158 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| Full grown Xenopus oocytes , arrested in late G 2 of the meiotic cell cycle , resumed meiosis when microinjected with 60 80 ng ( 3 4 pmol ) of calmodulin in the form of a calcium calmodulin complex . ^^^ |
|
| Interacting proteins: Q92686 and P62158 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| By comparison with known quantities of porcine calmodulin , human parathyroid cells contained 9 208 ng calmodulin / 10 ( 6 ) cells . ^^^ The content of calmodulin in 3 normal parathyroid glands [ 65 + / 8 ( + / SEM ) ng / 10 ( 6 ) cells ] did not differ significantly from that of 12 adenomas ( 61 + / 16 ng / 10 ( 6 ) cells ) . ^^^ Cells from 7 glands showing secondary hyperplasia , however , had significantly greater levels of calmodulin ( 164 + / 11 ng / 10 ( 6 ) cells ) than either normal cells or adenomas ( P less than 0 . 001 and P less than 0 . 005 , respectively ) . ^^^ |
|
| Interacting proteins: Q92686 and P62158 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| The calmodulin content of dispersed rat parotid cells was shown to be 6 . 50 + / 0 . 59 ng of calmodulin / micrograms of rat parotid cell protein ( mean + / S . ^^^ |
|
| Interacting proteins: Q92686 and P62158 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| The method could determine from 10 ng to 10 micrograms ( 0 . 6 pmol to 0 . 6 nmol ) of rat calmodulin and gave no cross reaction with S 100 protein . ^^^ |
|
| Interacting proteins: Q92686 and P62158 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| M . of 21 . 7 + / 7 . 9 ng of immunoreactive calmodulin ( CaM ) / 10 ( 6 ) PMNs , which represents 0 . 032 + / 0 . 001 % of the total cellular protein . ^^^ |
|
| Interacting proteins: Q92686 and P62158 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| TAC also inhibits differentiation of the bursa of Fabricius : single injections on the chorioallantoic membrane ( CAM ) of 10 20 ng on day 5 or 9 reduced size and weight of this lymphoid organ . ^^^ |
|
| Interacting proteins: Q92686 and P62158 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| Addition of radioiodinated 125I CaM , in the presence of Ca2+ or cGnRH plus Ca2+ resulted in the binding of 125I CaM to pituitary cells and to the pellet of the lysed cells . 125I CaM specifically binds to pituitary cell plasma membrane preparation and saturation of 125I CaM binding occurred at 9 ng of 125I CaM . ^^^ |
|
| Interacting proteins: Q92686 and P62158 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| Calmodulin levels were higher in the most sensitive cell line ( MDA MB 435 , 2 . 7 ng calmodulin / micrograms protein ) than in the two less sensitive cell lines , MCF 7 and LY 2 ( 1 . 3 and 1 . 6 ng calmodulin / micrograms protein , respectively ) . ^^^ |
|
| Interacting proteins: Q92686 and P62158 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| In vitro activity of chitin synthase was enhanced upon inclusion of calmodulin ( 300 ng ) in the assay mix , 63 % over and above the stimulation brought about by trypsin , an activator of the enzyme . ^^^ |
|
| Interacting proteins: Q92686 and P62158 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| Both compounds were detected using UV , Peak area ratios were proportional over the concentration range of 50 3000 ng ml 1 for CAM 5500 , and 100 1500 ng ml 1 for CAM 5187 . ^^^ |
|
| Interacting proteins: Q92686 and P62158 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| Neurogranin / RC3 ( Ng ) , a postsynaptic neuronal protein kinase C ( PKC ) substrate , binds calmodulin ( CaM ) at low level of Ca2+ . ^^^ The oxidized Ng , as compared with the reduced form , is a poorer substrate of PKC but like the PKC phosphorylated Ng has a lower affinity for CaM than the reduced form . ^^^ We speculate that the redox state of Ng , similar to the state of phosphorylation of this protein , may regulate the level of CaM , which in turn modulates the activities of CaM dependent enzymes in the neurons . . ^^^ |
|
| Interacting proteins: Q92686 and P62158 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| In contrast , the Ca2+ antagonists nicardipine ( 1 and 10 mg / kg , p . o . ) and nifedipine ( 1 mg / kg , i . p . ) and the CaM antagonist N ( 6 aminohexyl ) 5 chloro 1 naphthalenesulfonamide ( W 7 , 500 ng , i . c . v . ) had no effect on this hippocampal neuronal death . ^^^ |
|
| Interacting proteins: Q92686 and P62158 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| The single application of relatively high doses of TGF beta 1 ( 20 ng ) , and bFGF ( 500 ng ) or relatively low ( 100 ng ) and high ( 1 , 000 ng ) doses of OP 1 in the chick chorioallantoic membrane ( CAM ) assay elicited a prominent and ( for OP 1 ) dose dependent angiogenic response . ^^^ |
|
| Interacting proteins: Q92686 and P62158 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| Ng and Nm are two in vivo substrates of protein kinase C ; their phosphorylations by protein kinase C attenuate the binding affinities of both proteins for calmodulin . ^^^ |
|
| Interacting proteins: Q92686 and P62158 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| Treatment of 30 ng of H 5 inhibited the capillary formation in CAM by 50 % . ^^^ |
|
| Interacting proteins: Q92686 and P62158 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| Localization of the protein kinase C phosphorylation / calmodulin binding substrate RC 3 in dendritic spines of neostriatal neurons . ^^^ RC 3 and its bovine homolog neurogranin / B 50 immunoreactive C kinase substrate ( BICKS ) contain overlapping sites for protein kinase C phosphorylation and calmodulin binding that resemble those of the presynaptic 43 kDa growth associated protein ( GAP 43 ) . ^^^ |
|
| Interacting proteins: Q92686 and P62158 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| In order to study the role of calmodulin ( CaM ) in the cell cycle , RC 3 cells carring the CaM expression vectors which was constructed by joining the CaM cDNA with a plasmid of mouse mammary tumor virus ( MMTV ) , were used in this experiment . ^^^ This study indicates that the RC 3 cell is a useful experimental cell model for studing the effect of a transient increase of intracellular CaM levels on control of cell cycle . . ^^^ |
|
| Interacting proteins: Q92686 and P62158 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| The elution profiles displayed by RC 3 and sequence variants during purification on CaM Sepharose columns suggest that two different affinity forms of the RC3 . ^^^ CaM interactions are far more sensitive to salt than those that occur between recombinant RC 3 and CaM . ^^^ |
|
| Interacting proteins: Q92686 and P62158 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| CaM interactions by circular dichroism spectroscopy using purified , recombinant RC 3 and GAP 43 , sequence variants of RC 3 displaying qualitative and quantitative differences in CaM binding affinities , and overlapping peptides that cumulatively span the entire amino acid sequence of RC 3 . ^^^ We conclude that CaM stabilizes a basic , amphiphilic alpha helix within RC 3 and GAP 43 under physiological salt concentrations only when Ca2+ is absent . ^^^ This provides structural confirmation for two binding modes and suggests that CaM regulates the biological activities of RC 3 and GAP 43 through an allosteric , Ca ( 2+ ) sensitive mechanism that can be uncoupled by protein kinase C mediated phosphorylation . ^^^ |
|
| Interacting proteins: Q92686 and P62158 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| RC 3 variants serine 36 > alanine ( Ser 36 > Ala ) , serine 36 > glycine ( Ser 36 > Gly ) , and phenylalanine 37 > tryptophan ( Phe 37 > Trp ) , which bind calmodulin but are deficient in protein kinase C ( PKC ) phosphorylation , display serotonin evoked Ca ( 2+ ) dependent Cl currents in oocytes similar to control oocytes . ^^^ A serine 36 > aspartate ( Ser 36 > Asp ) variant , which does not bind calmodulin and mimics the PKC phosphorylated state of RC 3 , significantly enhances serotonin evoked currents in a manner similar to wild type . ^^^ The results suggest that RC 3 not only regulates the availability of free calmodulin in a dendritic spine but also , when phosphorylated , independently stimulates G protein coupled second messenger pathways that generate inositol 1 , 4 , 5 trisphosphate ( IP 3 ) , diacylglycerol ( DAG ) and intracellular Ca2+ . . ^^^ |
|
| Interacting proteins: Q92686 and P62158 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| We propose a model wherein RC 3 and GAP 43 regulate calmodulin availability in dendritic spines and axons , respectively , and calmodulin regulates their ability to amplify the mobilization of Ca2+ in response to metabotropic glutamate receptor stimulation . ^^^ The capacitance of the system is regulated by phosphorylation by protein kinase C , which abrogates interactions between calmodulin and RC 3 or GAP 43 . ^^^ We further propose that the ratio of phosphorylated to unphosphorylated RC 3 determines the sliding LTP / LTD threshold in concept with Ca2+ / calmodulin dependent kinase 2 . ^^^ Since CaM regulates the ability of RC 3 to amplify the effects of metabotropic glutamate receptor agonists , this activity must , necessarily , exhibit nonlinear kinetics as well . ^^^ |
|
| Interacting proteins: Q92686 and P62158 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| Simulation of the interactions between the calpacitins CaM and Ca2+ imply that GAP 43 and RC 3 tune and homeostatically constrain the Ca2+ signal transduction system . ^^^ |
|
| Interacting proteins: Q92686 and P62158 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| Elevations in RC 3 expression would be predicted to perturb calcium calmodulin signaling that may , in turn , impair the formation and / or maintenance of mossy fiber CA 3 synapses during postnatal development . . ^^^ |
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| Interacting proteins: Q92686 and P62158 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| Calcium dynamics are altered in cortical neurons lacking the calmodulin binding protein RC 3 . ^^^ RC 3 is a neuronal calmodulin binding protein and protein kinase C substrate that is thought to play an important regulatory role in synaptic transmission and neuronal plasticity . ^^^ Two molecules known to regulate synaptic transmission and neuronal plasticity are Ca ( 2+ ) and calmodulin , and proposed mechanisms of RC 3 action involve both molecules . ^^^ |
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| Interacting proteins: Q92686 and P62158 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| We quantified the effects on Ca ( 2+ ) calmodulin interaction of two neuronal calmodulin targets : RC 3 , which binds both Ca ( 2+ ) and apo calmodulin , and alphaCaM kinase 2 , which binds selectively to Ca ( 2+ ) calmodulin . ^^^ RC 3 was found to decrease the affinity of calmodulin for Ca ( 2+ ) , whereas CaM kinase 2 increases the calmodulin affinity for Ca ( 2+ ) . ^^^ Specifically , RC 3 increases the rate of Ca ( 2+ ) dissociation from the C terminal sites of calmodulin up to 60 fold while having little effect on the rate of Ca ( 2+ ) association . ^^^ RC 3 dampens the effects of CaM kinase 2 on Ca ( 2+ ) dissociation by increasing the rate of dissociation from the C terminal lobe of calmodulin when in the presence of CaM kinase 2 . ^^^ This work indicates that the Ca ( 2+ ) binding properties of calmodulin are highly regulated and reveals a role for RC 3 in accelerating the dissociation of Ca ( 2+ ) calmodulin target complexes at the end of a Ca ( 2+ ) signal . . ^^^ |
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| Interacting proteins: Q92686 and P62158 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| RC 3 protein and mRNA are tightly colocalized with the alpha subunit of CaM kinase 2 and the 200 kD , nonphosphorylated neurofilament , whereas they are absent from cells expressing the 27 kD , vitamin D dependent calbindin and parvalbumin . ^^^ |
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| Interacting proteins: Q92686 and P62158 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| NA |
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| Interacting proteins: Q92686 and P62158 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| NA |
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| Interacting proteins: Q92686 and P62158 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| NA |
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| Interacting proteins: Q92686 and P62158 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| NA |
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| Interacting proteins: Q92686 and P62158 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| NA |
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| Interacting proteins: Q92686 and P62158 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| NA |
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| Interacting proteins: Q92686 and P62158 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| NA |
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| Interacting proteins: Q92686 and P62158 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| NA |
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| Interacting proteins: Q92686 and P62158 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| NA |
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| Interacting proteins: Q92686 and P62158 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| NA |
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| Interacting proteins: Q92686 and P62158 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| NA |
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| Interacting proteins: Q92686 and P62158 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| NA |
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| Interacting proteins: Q92686 and P62158 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| NA |
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| Interacting proteins: Q92686 and P62158 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| NA |
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| Interacting proteins: Q92686 and P62158 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| NA |
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| Interacting proteins: Q92686 and P62158 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| NA |
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| Interacting proteins: Q92686 and P62158 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| NA |
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| Interacting proteins: Q92686 and P62158 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| NA |
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| Interacting proteins: Q92686 and P62158 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| NA |
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| Interacting proteins: Q92686 and P62158 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| NA |
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| Interacting proteins: Q92686 and P62158 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| NA |
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| Interacting proteins: Q92686 and P62158 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| NA |
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| Interacting proteins: Q92686 and P62158 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| NA |
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| Interacting proteins: Q92686 and P62158 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| NA |
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| Interacting proteins: Q92686 and P62158 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| NA |
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| Interacting proteins: Q92686 and P62158 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| NA |
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| Interacting proteins: Q92686 and P62158 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| NA |
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| Interacting proteins: Q92686 and P62158 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| NA |
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| Interacting proteins: Q92686 and P62158 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| NA |
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| Interacting proteins: Q92686 and P62158 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| NA |
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| Interacting proteins: Q92686 and P62158 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| NA |
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| Interacting proteins: Q92686 and P62158 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| NA |
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| Interacting proteins: Q92686 and P62158 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| NA |
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| Interacting proteins: Q92686 and P62158 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| NA |
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| Interacting proteins: Q92686 and P62158 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| NA |
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| Interacting proteins: Q92686 and P62158 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| NA |
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| Interacting proteins: Q92686 and P62158 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| NA |
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| Interacting proteins: Q92686 and P62158 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| NA |
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| Interacting proteins: Q92686 and P62158 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| NA |
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| Interacting proteins: Q92686 and P62158 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| NA |
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| Interacting proteins: Q92686 and P62158 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| NA |
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| Interacting proteins: Q92686 and P62158 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| NA |
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| Interacting proteins: Q92686 and P62158 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| NA |
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| Interacting proteins: Q92686 and P62158 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| NA |
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| Interacting proteins: Q92686 and P62158 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| NA |
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| Interacting proteins: Q92686 and P62158 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| NA |
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| Interacting proteins: Q92686 and P62158 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| NA |
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| Interacting proteins: Q92686 and P62158 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| NA |
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| Interacting proteins: Q92686 and P62158 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| NA |
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| Interacting proteins: Q92686 and P62158 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| NA |
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