| Interacting proteins: O00327 and Q16526 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| NA |
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| Interacting proteins: O00327 and Q16526 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| NA |
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| Interacting proteins: O00327 and Q16526 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| NA |
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| Interacting proteins: O00327 and Q16526 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| NA |
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| Interacting proteins: O00327 and Q16526 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| NA |
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| Interacting proteins: O00327 and Q16526 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| NA |
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| Interacting proteins: O00327 and Q16526 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| NA |
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| Interacting proteins: O00327 and Q16526 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| NA |
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| Interacting proteins: O00327 and Q16526 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| NA |
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| Interacting proteins: O00327 and Q16526 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.52148908 |
| Remarkably , the last 43 aa of BMAL 1 are required for transcriptional activation , as well as for association with the circadian transcriptional repressor CRYPTOCHROME 1 ( CRY 1 ) , depending on the coexistence of CLOCK protein . 0.52148908^^^ |
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| Interacting proteins: O00327 and Q16526 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| Transcripts for core oscillator elements ( Arntl , Clock , Per 1 , Per 2 , and Cry 1 ) were present in the ovary as indicated by quantitative real time RT PCR . ^^^ |
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| Interacting proteins: O00327 and Q16526 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| Mammalian CRY 1 and CRY 2 are here shown to act as light independent inhibitors of CLOCK BMAL 1 , the activator driving Per 1 transcription . ^^^ CRY 1 or CRY 2 ( or both ) showed light independent interactions with CLOCK and BMAL 1 , as well as with PER 1 , PER 2 , and TIM . ^^^ |
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| Interacting proteins: O00327 and Q16526 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| The basic helix loop helix PAS proteins CLOCK and BMAL 1 are positive regulators and drive the expression of the negative regulators CRY 1 and CRY 2 , as well as PER 1 , PER 2 , and PER 3 . ^^^ |
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| Interacting proteins: O00327 and Q16526 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| We have found that in rat heart all mammalian homologues of known Drosophila clock genes ( bmal 1 , clock , cry 1 , cry 2 , per 1 , per 2 , per 3 , dbp , hlf , and tef ) show circadian patterns of expression and that the induction of clock output genes ( the PAR [ rich in proline and acidic amino acid residues ] transcription factors dbp , hlf , and tef ) is attenuated in the pressure overloaded hypertrophied heart . ^^^ |
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| Interacting proteins: O00327 and Q16526 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| Interactivating feedback loops within the mammalian clock : BMAL 1 is negatively autoregulated and upregulated by CRY 1 , CRY 2 , and PER 2 . ^^^ Transcription of mBmal 1 was activated by CRY 1 , CRY 2 , and PER 2 , and was repressed by BMAL 1 CLOCK dimers . ^^^ |
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| Interacting proteins: O00327 and Q16526 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| The circadian patterns of gene expression of seven components of the mammalian clock ( bmal 1 , clock , cry 1 , cry 2 , per 1 , per 2 and per 3 ) , as well as three clock output genes ( dbp , hlf and tef ) , were compared in hearts isolated from control and STZ induced diabetic rats . ^^^ |
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| Interacting proteins: O00327 and Q16526 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| The 24 h expression of seven clock genes ( Bmal 1 , Clock , Per 1 , Per 2 , Cry 1 , Cry 2 , and CK 1 epsilon ) was assayed by in situ hybridization in the suprachiasmatic nucleus ( SCN ) and the pars tuberalis ( PT ) of the pituitary gland , collected every 4 h throughout 24 h , from female Soay sheep kept under long ( 16 h light / 8 h dark ) or short ( 8 h light / 16 h dark ) photoperiods . ^^^ In the SCN , there was a 24 h rhythm in Clock expression , in parallel with Bmal 1 , in antiphase with cycles in Per 1 and Per 2 ; there was low amplitude oscillation of Cry 1 and Cry 2 . ^^^ In the PT , the high amplitude 24 h cycles in the expression of Bmal 1 , Clock , Per 1 , Per 2 , Cry 1 , and Cry 2 , but not CK 1 epsilon , were influenced by photoperiod . ^^^ |
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| Interacting proteins: O00327 and Q16526 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| Transcripts encoded by the seven known mammalian canonical circadian genes ( Per 1 3 , Cry 1 2 , Bmal 1 and Clock ) , plus the mammalian genetic homologue of the Drosophila canonical gene Timeless , were detected in the uteri and oviducts taken from mice on days 1 4 of pregnancy and in unfertilized oocytes . ^^^ After fertilization , transcripts for Per 1 , Cry 1 , Bmal 1 , Clock and Tim have been detected unambiguously . ^^^ Transcript levels for each of these five genes fall at the two cell stage , but are restored rapidly for Per 1 , Cry 1 and Bmal 1 , presumptively by zygotic gene expression . ^^^ |
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| Interacting proteins: O00327 and Q16526 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| Clock and Bmal 1 are essential transcription factors that drive the expression of three period genes ( Per 1 3 ) and two cryptochrome genes ( Cry 1 and Cry 2 ) . ^^^ |
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| Interacting proteins: O00327 and Q16526 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| The expression of per 3 , cry 1 , 2 , clock , npas 2 , bmal 1 , and casein kinase 1epsilon did not change with sleep deprivation . ^^^ |
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| Interacting proteins: O00327 and Q16526 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| A full complement of clock genes ( Bmal 1 , Clock , Per 1 , Per 2 , Cry 1 and Cry 2 ) are expressed in the ovine pars tuberalis , and undergo 24 h cyclical expression as observed in a cell autonomous , circadian clock . ^^^ |
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| Interacting proteins: O00327 and Q16526 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| To fill the gap and to better understand the photoperiodic modulation of the SCN state , rats were maintained either under a long photoperiod with 16 h of light and 8 h of darkness per day ( LD 16 : 8 ) or under a short LD 8 : 16 photoperiod , and daily profiles of Per 1 , Cry 1 , Bmal 1 and Clock mRNA in darkness were assessed by in situ hybridization method . ^^^ Under both photoperiods , the morning and the daytime Per 1 and Cry 1 mRNA rise as well as the morning Bmal 1 mRNA decline were closely linked to the morning light onset . ^^^ Amplitude of Per 1 , Cry 1 , and Bmal 1 mRNA rhythms was larger under the short than under the long photoperiod . ^^^ |
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| Interacting proteins: O00327 and Q16526 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| The endogenous oscillation machinery involves interactive positive and negative transcriptional and posttranslational feedback loops involving the clock genes Per 1 , Per 2 , Per 3 , Clock , Bmal 1 , Cry 1 and Cry 2 . ^^^ To determine whether melatonin feedback control on SCN activity implicates transcriptional regulation of the clock genes , we monitored the expression pattern of Per 1 , 2 , 3 , Bmal 1 , Cry 1 and AVP mRNAs after a single melatonin injection at the end of the subjective day . ^^^ |
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| Interacting proteins: O00327 and Q16526 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| The rhythmic expression of clock and clock controlled genes in the rat oviduct was investigated by real time RT PCR . per 1 , per 2 , Clock , Bmal 1 , cry 1 and cry 2 were all expressed in the oviduct . ^^^ |
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| Interacting proteins: O00327 and Q16526 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| Using the GT 1 7 cell line , we demonstrate expression of the circadian rhythm genes , clock , BMAL 1 , timeless ( tim ) , period 1 , period 2 , cryptochrome 1 , andcryptochrome 2 . ^^^ |
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| Interacting proteins: O00327 and Q16526 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| CONCLUSIONS : The coordinated regulation of the circadian clock genes Cry 1 , Per 2 , and Bmal 1 6 hours after RE and diurnal genes 18 hours after RE in the exercised leg suggest that RE may directly modulate circadian rhythms in human skeletal muscle . . ^^^ |
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| Interacting proteins: O00327 and Q16526 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| Bmal 1 , Clock , Per 1 , Per 2 , Cry 1 and Cry 2 ) are expressed in the PT , and their expression oscillates through the 24 h light / darkness cycle in a temporal sequence distinct from that in the hypothalamic suprachiasmatic nucleus ( central circadian pacemaker ) . ^^^ |
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| Interacting proteins: O00327 and Q16526 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| Advances in chronobiology have identified the suprachiasmatic nucleus ( SCN ) as the center of biological rhythms and the area in which clock genes such as PER 1 , PER 2 , PER 3 , CLOCK , BMAL 1 , TIM , CRY 1 , CRY 2 , tau act to generate and coordinate biological rhythms . ^^^ |
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| Interacting proteins: O00327 and Q16526 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| The expression of Per 1 , Per 2 , Cry 1 , Clock , Bmal 1 , Dec 1 , Dec 2 and c fos was determined 30 and 120 min after treatment in suprachiasmatic nucleus punches by real time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction ( RT PCR ) . ^^^ |
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| Interacting proteins: O00327 and Q16526 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| Daily profiles of Per 1 , Per 2 , Cry 1 , Bmal 1 , and Clock mRNA in the SCN of fetuses at the embryonic day ( E ) 19 and of newborn rats at the postnatal day ( P ) 3 and P 10 were assessed by the in situ hybridization method . ^^^ However , no SCN rhythm in their expression was detected ; Per 1 , Cry 1 , and Clock mRNA levels were low , whereas Bmal 1 mRNA levels were high and Per 2 mRNA levels were medium . ^^^ At P 3 , rhythms in Per 1 , Per 2 , Cry 1 , and Bmal 1 , but not in Clock mRNA , were expressed in the SCN . ^^^ |
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| Interacting proteins: O00327 and Q16526 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| In this study real time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction ( RT PCR ) was used in analysis of the expression of the major clock genes Per 1 , Per 2 , Bmal 1 , Cry 1 , Tim ( timeless ) and Clock , as well as of the output genes Dbp and Rev erbalpha in the pancreatic tissue of rats . ^^^ |
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| Interacting proteins: O00327 and Q16526 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| In serum shocked NIH / 3T3 fibroblasts , oscillations in Per 2 , Bmal 1 , and Cry 1 expression persisted with some change in rhythm amplitude during antisense inhibition of CLOCK , demonstrating that feedback interactions between Clock and other core components of the clock mechanism may be regulated differently in SCN2 . 2 cells and fibroblasts . ^^^ |
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| Interacting proteins: O00327 and Q16526 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| It is conjectured that : ( 1 ) the clock ' s 24 h period depends on mRNA stability . ( 2 ) REV ERBalpha suppresses and / or entrains rhythms in peripheral tissues by regulating CRY 1 transcription . ( 3 ) CLK : BMAL 1 oscillations are suppressed in the suprachiasmatic nuclei to enhance oscillations in other proteins . ( 4 ) PER 2 is ineffective at causing phase advances because it is not induced by light during the late night . ( 5 ) The clock is a limit cycle oscillator that shows characteristics of the evening and morning oscillator model . . ^^^ |
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| Interacting proteins: O00327 and Q16526 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| Furthermore , RT PCR of PRL cells ( pituitary , MMQ , and GH ( 3 ) ) revealed expression of clock and bmal 1 as well as five other clock genes ( per 1 , per 2 , cry 1 , cry 2 , and tim ) , suggesting that the circadian system may function in PRL cells . ^^^ |
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| Interacting proteins: O00327 and Q16526 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| For this purpose , the 24 h expression of nine clock genes ( bmal 1 , clock , per 1 , per 2 , per 3 , cry 1 , cry 2 , dec 1 and dec 2 ) and the aa nat gene was monitored under light dark 8 : 16 and light dark 16 : 8 in the rat pineal by using real time RT PCR . ^^^ |
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| Interacting proteins: O00327 and Q16526 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| Additionally , expressions of Per 1 , Per 2 , Per 3 , Bmal 1 , Bmal 2 , Clock , Cry 1 , and Cry 2 clock genes were simultaneously detected in single chicken pineal glands . . ^^^ |
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| Interacting proteins: O00327 and Q16526 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| Contrary to the hypothesis , the 24 h rhythmic expression of clock genes ( Rev erbalpha , Per 1 , Per 2 , Bmal 1 , Cry 1 ) in the suprachiasmatic nucleus and PT reflected the ambient photoperiod / melatonin signal and not the changing physiology . ^^^ |
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| Interacting proteins: O00327 and Q16526 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| Per 2 , Bmal 1 , and Cry 1 gene expression was determined by Northern blot analyses using ovine RNA probes in liver collected every 4h for 24h . ^^^ Liver Per 2 and Bmal 1 , but not Cry 1 , expression was rhythmic in all treatments . ^^^ |
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| Interacting proteins: O00327 and Q16526 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| We studied by quantitative RT PCR the influence of aging on the expression of circadian clock genes ( Clock , Bmal 1 , Cry 1 , 2 , Per 1 3 ) in peripheral tissues ( liver and heart ) of middle aged ( 13 months ) and old ( 27 months ) rats of the Wag / Rij strain exposed to a 12 hours light / 12 hours dark cycle . ^^^ |
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| Interacting proteins: O00327 and Q16526 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| We examined the developmental expressions of three clock genes ( Bmal 1 , Cry 1 and Per 1 ) in the Syrian hamster to probe the oscillatory properties of the suprachiasmatic nucleus ( SCN ) over the first 4 days after the completion of SCN neurogenesis . ^^^ Bmal 1 was prominently expressed in the fetal SCN while Per 1 and Cry 1 were only weakly expressed . ^^^ Significant variation was detected across circadian times for Cry 1 , but no circadian variation was detected for Per 1 and Bmal 1 . ^^^ |
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| Interacting proteins: O00327 and Q16526 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| In this study in mice , we investigated the delayed effects of single and repeated ( i . e . 14 days ) administration of the antidepressant fluoxetine and the psychostimulant cocaine on the brain expression of clock genes Period 1 , Period 2 , Period 3 , Clock , Bmal 1 , Cryptochrome 1 , Cryptochrome 2 , and NPAS 2 ( neuronal PAS domain protein 2 ) , and their putative target gene , serotonin N acetyltransferase . ^^^ |
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| Interacting proteins: O00327 and Q16526 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| In C57BL / 6J mice , all transcript levels of the clock genes ( Bmal 1 , Per 1 , Per 2 , Cry 1 , Cry 2 , and Dbp ) and adipocytokines ( adiponectin , resistin , and visfatin ) clearly showed 24 h rhythms . ^^^ |
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| Interacting proteins: O00327 and Q16526 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| The expression of five clock genes ( Per 1 , Per 2 , Cry 1 , Rev erbalpha , and Bmal 1 ) was measured by in situ hybridization . ^^^ The time of peak Bmal 1 expression remained LP like , whereas Cry 1 expression was continually low . ^^^ |
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| Interacting proteins: O00327 and Q16526 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| To ascertain when and how the photoperiod affects the circadian core clock mechanism during ontogenesis , the rhythmic expression of clock genes , namely of Per 1 , Per 2 , Cry 1 and Bmal 1 was determined in 3 , 10 and 20 day old rat pups maintained under either a long photoperiod with 16 h of light and 8 h of darkness per day ( LD 16 : 8 ) or under a short , LD 8 : 16 photoperiod . ^^^ Expression of Cry 1 was affected only in 20 day old pups , whereas expression of Bmal 1 was not yet affected even in 20 day old rats . ^^^ |
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| Interacting proteins: O00327 and Q16526 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| Clock related genes including Per 1 , Per 2 , Cry 1 , Bmal 1 , Dec 1 , Dec 2 , Dbp , and Reverbalpha showed robust circadian expression rhythms in the submandibular glands in 12 : 12 hour light dark conditions . ^^^ The Clock mutation resulted in increased or decreased mRNA levels of Per 2 , Bmal 1 , Dec 1 , Dec 2 , and Dbp , and in Cry 1 / background , Cry 2 disruption also increased or decreased mRNA levels of these clock related genes and the amylase 1 gene . ^^^ |
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| Interacting proteins: O00327 and Q16526 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| Real time reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction ( RT PCR ) was used to determine the expression of Bmal 1 and Cry 1 in PBMC , and an enzyme linked immunosorbent assay was used to determine plasma melatonin levels in 32 breast milk jaundiced neonates before and after phototherapy , compared with 29 control neonates . ^^^ The results showed that the expression of Bmal 1 was decreased and Cry 1 increased significantly after phototherapy . ^^^ There was no statistical difference in Bmal 1 and Cry 1 gene expression and plasma melatonin levels in the control group . ^^^ In conclusion , phototherapy does affect the expression of the circadian genes Bmal 1 and Cry 1 in PBMC and plasma melatonin concentration in jaundiced neonates . ^^^ The effect of blue light exposure on the expression of circadian genes : bmal 1 and cryptochrome 1 in peripheral blood mononuclear cells of jaundiced neonates . ^^^ |
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| Interacting proteins: O00327 and Q16526 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| For this purpose , the 24 h profiles of nine clock genes ( bmal 1 , clock , per 1 , per 2 , per 3 , dec 1 , dec 2 , cry 1 and cry 2 ) and the arylalkylamine N acetyltransferase gene as an indicator of the circadian pacemaker output were compared between light dark periods of 8 : 16 and 16 : 8 h . ^^^ |
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| Interacting proteins: O00327 and Q16526 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| We found that expression of Bmal 1 and Cry 1 was higher at 1300 h , or zeitgeber time 6 , whereas expression of Per 1 was higher at 0100 h ( zeitgeber time 18 ) . ^^^ |
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| Interacting proteins: O00327 and Q16526 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| Expression profiles for Per 2 , Bmal 1 and Cry 1 were first determined in a synchronized equine cell line . ^^^ Robust circadian oscillations of Per 2 , Bmal 1 and Cry 1 were observed in vitro . ^^^ A synchronized molecular clock was also demonstrated in equine adipose tissue although oscillation of Bmal 1 was less robust than that of Per 2 and Cry 1 . ^^^ |
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| Interacting proteins: O00327 and Q16526 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| Daily profiles of Per 1 , Per 2 , Cry 1 , Bmal 1 , and Clock mRNA and of AVP heteronuclear ( hn ) RNA as an indicator of AVP gene transcription were assessed in the SCN of fetuses at E 20 and of newborn rats at P 1 and P 2 by the in situ hybridization method . ^^^ At P 1 , rhythms in Per 1 , Bmal 1 , and AVP and a forming rhythm in Per 2 but no rhythm in Cry 1 expression were present in the SCN . ^^^ At P 2 , marked rhythms of Per 1 , Per 2 , and Bmal 1 and a forming rhythm of Cry 1 , but not of Clock , expression were present . ^^^ |
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| Interacting proteins: O00327 and Q16526 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| To investigate avian clock gene expression , partial cDNA sequences of six mammalian clock gene homologs ( Bmal 1 , Clock , Per 2 , Per 3 , Cry 1 , and Cry 2 ) and a novel avian cryptochrome gene ( Cry 4 ) were cloned from the house sparrow , a model system in circadian research . ^^^ |
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| Interacting proteins: O00327 and Q16526 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| From the 4 clock genes ( Per 1 , Per 2 , Cry 1 and Bmal 1 ) studied , the expression of Bmal 1 and Per 1 was rhythmic already in 1 day old rats ; at this age , the Per 2 mRNA rhythm just started to form and no rhythm in Cry 1 expression was detected . ^^^ |
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