| Interacting proteins: Q15582 and P01023 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.62978569 |
| Native alpha 2 macroglobulin ( alpha 2M ) and alpha 2M methylamine were immobilized in 96 well microtiter plates . 125I labeled transforming growth factor beta 1 ( TGF beta 1 ) bound to both alpha 2M variants ; however , greater binding was observed with alpha 2M methylamine . 0.62978569^^^ |
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| Interacting proteins: Q15582 and P01023 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.53381594 |
| Heparin appeared to bind directly to TGF beta 1 and to prevent the association of TGF beta 1 with alpha 2 macroglobulin ( alpha 2 M ) . 0.53381594^^^ |
|
| Interacting proteins: Q15582 and P01023 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.58846832 |
| The results indicate that heparin and fucoidan , a naturally occurring sulfated L fucose polymer , suppress the formation of an initial non covalent interaction between 125I TGF beta 1 and activated alpha 2 M . 0.58846832^^^ |
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| Interacting proteins: Q15582 and P01023 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| The binding of 125I labelled transforming growth factor beta 1 ( TGF beta 1 ) to human alpha 2 macroglobulin ( alpha 2M ) was studied by native PAGE and autoradiography . ^^^ TGF beta 1 bound preferentially to alpha 2M methylamine and minimally , if at all , to native alpha 2M . ^^^ The 125I TGF beta 1 binding activity depended on the initial ratio of active proteinase to alpha 2M , or r value , used to form the alpha 2M proteinase complex . ^^^ With all three proteinases , r values of 2 or greater yielded preparations with unchanged or decreased TGF beta 1 binding activity relative to native alpha 2M . ^^^ The results of [ 3H ] thymidine incorporation studies performed in mouse keratinocytes were consistent with the 125I TGF beta binding experiments . alpha 2M trypsin and alpha 2M chymotrypsin prepared at an r value of 1 . 0 counteracted the activity of TGF beta 1 , whereas the equivalent complexes prepared at an r value of 3 . 0 had no effect . ^^^ |
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| Interacting proteins: Q15582 and P01023 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| Study of alpha 2 M production by BAC cells revealed that its secretion was stimulated severalfold by transforming growth factor beta 1 ( TGF beta 1 ) . ^^^ It was blocked when BAC cells were exposed to 5 , 6 dichlorobenzimidazole riboside , a potent inhibitor of RNA polymerase 2 , suggesting that TGF beta 1 acts as an activator of alpha 2 M gene expression at the transcriptional level . ^^^ Northern blot analysis confirmed that the alpha 2 M mRNA level was increased ( 4 fold ) in BAC cells following TGF beta 1 treatment . ^^^ TGF beta 2 , TGF beta 1 , 2 , basic fibroblast growth factor , and angiotensin 2 also appeared able to stimulate alpha 2 M secretion in BAC cells , whereas adrenocorticotropin was strongly inhibitory . ^^^ Chem . 262 , 13491 13495 ) and that alpha 2 M is a TGF beta 1 binding protein , these observations suggest that alpha 2 M may play an important role in conjunction with hormones and growth factors in the homeostatic regulation of adrenocortical functions . . ^^^ |
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| Interacting proteins: Q15582 and P01023 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| Affinity labeling and immunoprecipitation studies demonstrate that alpha 2 macroglobulin ( alpha 2M ) is the major serum binding protein for transforming growth factors beta 1 and beta 2 ( TGF beta 1 and TGF beta 2 ) . ^^^ Purified alpha 2M inhibits the binding of both 125I TGF beta 1 and 125I TGF beta 2 to cell surface receptors at I 50 values of 200 and 10 micrograms / ml , respectively . alpha 2M ( 200 micrograms / ml ) does not block TGF beta 1 inhibition of CCL 64 mink lung cell growth but reduces this activity of TGF beta 2 10 fold . ^^^ The electrophoretic migration of 125I TGF beta . alpha 2M complexes on polyacrylamide gels under nondenaturing conditions demonstrates that alpha 2M has 10 fold greater affinity for TGF beta 2 than for TGF beta 1 . ^^^ We suggest that alpha 2M is an important differential regulator of the biological activities of TGF beta 1 and TGF beta 2 in vivo . . ^^^ |
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| Interacting proteins: Q15582 and P01023 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| In the absence of serum or alpha 2M , TGF beta 1 and TGF beta 2 were equivalently potent in inhibiting S phase DNA synthesis in hepatocytes cultured with or without epidermal growth factor . ^^^ The mitoinhibitory effect of TGF beta 1 was not influenced by the addition of purified bovine alpha 2M . ^^^ Human alpha 2M or bovine serum counteracted inhibition by TGF beta 1 to a lesser extent . [ 125I ] TGF beta 1 and 125I ] TGF beta 2 formed complexes with purified bovine alpha 2M and serum proteins migrating at identical positions to purified alpha 2M during nondenaturing polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis . ^^^ However , [ 125I ] TGF beta 1 associated preferentially with the `` fast ' ' migrating form of alpha 2M , whereas [ 125I ] TGF beta 2 associated with both the `` slow ' ' and `` fast ' ' migrating forms . ^^^ Inhibitory activity of TGF beta 1 and TGF beta 2 coeluted with alpha 2M in the high molecular weight fractions from a Sephacryl S 200 column . ^^^ |
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| Interacting proteins: Q15582 and P01023 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| Radioiodinated transforming growth factor beta 1 ( TGF beta 1 ) bound to the plasma proteinase inhibitor , alpha 2 macroglobulin ( alpha 2M ) , as determined by chromatography on Superose 6 and native polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis . ^^^ When alpha 2M conformational change was induced with methylamine , 125I TGF beta 1 binding significantly increased . ^^^ Markedly different results were obtained with purified 125I TGF beta 1 alpha 2M methylamine complex . ^^^ The clearance and distribution of 125I TGF beta 1 alpha 2M methylamine were equivalent to those observed with 125I alpha 2M methylamine and 125I alpha 2M trypsin . ^^^ Large molar excesses of alpha 2M trypsin or alpha 2M methylamine competed with 125I TGF beta 1 alpha 2M methylamine for plasma clearance . ^^^ |
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| Interacting proteins: Q15582 and P01023 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| The binding of 125I transforming growth factors beta 1 and beta 2 ( TGF beta 1 and TGF beta 2 ) to alpha 2 macroglobulin ( alpha 2M ) was studied before and after reaction with plasmin , thrombin , trypsin , or methylamine . ^^^ Reaction of native alpha 2M with plasmin or methylamine markedly increased the binding of 125I TGF beta 1 and 125I TGF beta 2 to alpha 2M . ^^^ Reaction of alpha 2M with thrombin or trypsin reduced the binding of 125I TGF beta 1 and 125I TGF beta 2 ; the resulting complexes were readily dissociated by heparin . ^^^ Complexes between TGF beta 2 and native or reacted forms of alpha 2M were less dissociable by heparin than the equivalent complexes with TGF beta 1 . ^^^ |
|
| Interacting proteins: Q15582 and P01023 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| It has been widely assumed that the interaction of transforming growth factor beta 1 ( TGF beta 1 ) with its serum binding protein , alpha 2 macroglobulin ( alpha 2M ) , mediates the rapid clearance of TGF beta 1 from the circulation . ^^^ To test this , we have analyzed the effect of TGF beta 1 binding on the conformational state of alpha 2M . ^^^ Our results demonstrate that the binding of TGF beta 1 to alpha 2M does not lead to the conformational change in the alpha 2M molecule that is required for the clearance of the alpha 2M . ^^^ TGF beta 1 complex via the alpha 2M receptor . ^^^ Furthermore , endogenous TGF beta 1 is associated with the conformationally unaltered slow clearance form of alpha 2M . ^^^ |
|
| Interacting proteins: Q15582 and P01023 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| We also observed that adrenocortical cells secrete TGF beta 1 under a latent form together with large amounts of alpha 2 macroglobulin , a protease inhibitor known to be implied in the latency of TGF beta in serum . ^^^ |
|
| Interacting proteins: Q15582 and P01023 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| In this investigation , we used a novel method to demonstrate that transforming growth factor beta 1 ( TGF beta 1 ) , TGF beta 2 , nerve growth factor beta ( NGF beta ) , platelet derived growth factor BB ( PDGF BB ) , tumor necrosis factor alpha ( TNF alpha ) , and basic fibroblast growth factor ( bFGF ) reversibly associate with alpha 2M methylamine to form noncovalent complexes . ^^^ Native alpha 2M bound TGF beta 1 , TGF beta 2 , NGF beta , PDGF BB , and TNF alpha . ^^^ |
|
| Interacting proteins: Q15582 and P01023 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| Using affinity labelling methods , we demonstrate that PZP binds both TGF beta 1 and TGF beta 2 and that the binding characteristics are similar to those of the TGF beta alpha 2 macroglobulin interaction . ^^^ |
|
| Interacting proteins: Q15582 and P01023 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| Primary cultures of hepatocytes isolated from normal F 344 rats or from F 344 rats with hepatocellular carcinomas generated by a 2 step model of chemical carcinogenesis were used to determine if dexamethasone ( DEX ) or alpha 2 macroglobulin ( alpha 2M ) modify the ability of transforming growth factors beta type 1 ( TGF beta 1 ) and type 2 ( TGF beta 2 ) to inhibit labelling index of hepatocytes cultured continuously with or without epidermal growth factor ( EGF ) . ^^^ Purified bovine alpha 2M partially counteracted the inhibition of TGF beta 1 or beta 2 of both surrounding and neoplastic hepatocytes . ^^^ |
|
| Interacting proteins: Q15582 and P01023 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| Nonspecific binding of 125I TGF beta 1 to the apex of the proximal convoluted tubule of the kidney indicated it as the likely site of rapid clearance of TGF beta 1 from the circulation , while a comparison of the binding of 125I TGF beta 1 ( endothelial ) to that of 125I TGF beta 1 complexed with alpha 2 macroglobulin methylamine ( liver parenchyma ) indicated that clearance of TGF beta 1 complexed alpha 2 macroglobulin was likely via the hepatic alpha 2 macroglobulin receptor . ^^^ |
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| Interacting proteins: Q15582 and P01023 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| In this investigation , we explored the role of Cys 949 in the binding of transforming growth factor beta 1 ( TGF beta 1 ) and TGF beta 2 to alpha 2M methylamine . ^^^ Modification of preformed alpha 2M methylamine with iodoacetamide did not change the binding affinity of alpha 2M methylamine for TGF beta 1 or TGF beta 2 ; the apparent KD values were 82 nM and 10 nM , respectively . ^^^ These studies demonstrate that Cys 949 in alpha 2M is not essential for binding of TGF beta 1 and TGF beta 2 noncovalently ; however , this residue plays a critical role in the covalent stabilization step of the reaction mechanism . . ^^^ |
|
| Interacting proteins: Q15582 and P01023 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| Feedback mechanisms between alpha 2M and TGF beta 1 reduce extracellular matrix synthesis of liver fat storing cells . ^^^ |
|
| Interacting proteins: Q15582 and P01023 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| This is supported by the following observations : ( 1 ) Treatment of adrenocortical cells by FGF 2 resulted in a time dependent and dose dependent increase of alpha 2M synthesis , ( 2 ) FGF 2 did not modify alpha 2M secretion rate ; ( 3 ) The induction of alpha 2M synthesis by FGF 2 was not observed in the presence of the transcription inhibitor DRB ; ( 4 ) The amount of alpha 2M mRNA was increased by 2 to 3 fold under either FGF 2 or TGF beta 1 treatment ; ( 5 ) Optimal doses of TGF beta and FGF 2 synergistically increased alpha 2M synthesis . ^^^ We report here that basic fibroblast growth factor ( FGF 2 ) , a potent mitogen for adrenocortical cells , stimulates the expression of alpha 2 macroglobulin by these cells at a transcriptional level and is synergistic with TGF beta 1 for this effect . ^^^ |
|
| Interacting proteins: Q15582 and P01023 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| Transforming growth factor beta 2 ( TGF beta 2 ) is less potent than TGF beta 1 in some endothelial cell proliferation assays due to the greater tendency of TGF beta 2 to bind alpha 2 macroglobulin ( alpha 2M ) . ^^^ Substitution of TGF beta 1 residues 40 47 into the TGF beta 2 sequence yields a chimeric molecule that , like TGF beta 1 , expresses activity that is not substantially affected by serum alpha 2M ( Burmester , J . ^^^ In this investigation , we studied the binding of TGF beta chimeras , which contain TGF beta 1 residues 40 47 , to both major conformations of human alpha 2M under apparent equilibrium conditions . ^^^ These values were much higher than the KD determined for TGF beta 2 and native alpha 2M ( 11 nM ) and equivalent to the KD determined for TGF beta 1 and native alpha 2M . ^^^ By contrast , both TGF beta chimeras bound alpha 2M methylamine , an altered conformation of alpha 2M , with high affinity ( 16 and 19 nM ) , which is characteristic of TGF beta 2 and not TGF beta 1 . ^^^ |
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| Interacting proteins: Q15582 and P01023 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| Preincubation of TGF beta 1 with either serum or methylamine modified alpha 2 macroglobulin did not affect its ability to induce macrophage uPA expression . ^^^ |
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| Interacting proteins: Q15582 and P01023 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| Previous studies demonstrated that many cytokines , including transforming growth factor beta 1 ( TGF beta 1 ) and interleukin 1 beta , bind preferentially or exclusively to alpha 2M which has undergone conformational change . ^^^ In order to determine whether PDGF BB or TGF beta 1 binds to native alpha 2M , we defined the native conformation by lack of interaction with alpha 2M R / LRP instead of electrophoretic mobility . 125I PDGF BB was incubated with 4 . 3 microM native alpha 2M and 0 . 47 microM alpha 2M methylamine . ^^^ Binding of 125I PDGF BB and 125I TGF beta 1 to alpha 2M was demonstrated in vivo by injecting the free growth factors intravenously into mice . ^^^ Therefore , under normal physiological conditions , native alpha 2M ( non alpha 2M R / LRP recognized ) is the primary form of the proteinase inhibitor functioning as a carrier of PDGF BB and TGF beta 1 in the blood . . ^^^ |
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| Interacting proteins: Q15582 and P01023 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| The role that soluble binding proteins might play in regulating transforming growth factor beta 1 ( TGF beta 1 ) induced growth of smooth muscle cells ( SMC ) is unknown . alpha 2 Macroglobulin ( alpha 2M ) is the major plasma binding protein for TGF beta . ^^^ The objectives of these studies were to determine whether native alpha 2M or alpha 2M MA influences growth responses of cultured rat aortic SMC to TGF beta 1 . ^^^ Treatment with alpha 2M MA or TGF beta 1 stimulated a 3 or 3 . 5 fold increase in [ 3H ] thymidine incorporation , respectively . ^^^ Cotreatment with TGF beta 1 and alpha 2M MA resulted in a 70 fold increase in [ 3H ] thymidine incorporation . ^^^ A modified form of alpha 2M MA ( alpha 2M MA cis dichlorodiammine platinum ) , which bound TGF beta 1 but did not bind alpha 2M receptors , failed to enhance TGF beta 1 induced growth . ^^^ |
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| Interacting proteins: Q15582 and P01023 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| By replacing aa 45 and 47 of TGF beta 2 with the corresponding amino acids of TGF beta 1 , sequestration of the TGF beta molecule by alpha 2 macroglobulin was markedly reduced . ^^^ |
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| Interacting proteins: Q15582 and P01023 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| Human alpha 2 macroglobulin ( alpha 2M ) is a proteinase inhibitor and carrier of certain growth factors , including transforming growth factor beta 1 ( TGF beta 1 ) . ^^^ In this investigation , we demonstrated that rat alpha 1M and rat alpha 2M bind TGF beta 1 . ^^^ The equilibrium dissociation constants ( KD ) for the binding of TGF beta 1 to the native forms of alpha 1M and alpha 2M were 257 and 109 nM respectively . alpha 1M underwent conformational change when it reacted with methylamine . ^^^ Methylamine treated rat alpha 2M did not undergo conformational change and did not bind TGF beta 1 with increased affinity . ^^^ To confirm that native rat alpha 2M is a more efficient TGF beta 1 carrier than native alpha 1M , fetal bovine heart endothelial cell ( FBHE ) proliferation assays were performed . ^^^ |
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| Interacting proteins: Q15582 and P01023 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| Mixing TGF beta 1 with latency associated peptide or alpha 2 macroglobulin at physiological concentrations suppressed most of the TGF beta 1 signal . ^^^ |
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| Interacting proteins: Q15582 and P01023 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| We previously demonstrated that methylamine activated alpha 2 macroglobulin ( alpha 2M ) and transforming growth factor beta 1 ( TGF beta 1 ) cause a synergistic proliferative response in quiescent rat aortic vSMCs [ Stouffer , G . ^^^ The first goal of this study was to determine whether the synergy is due to the ability of alpha 2M methylamine ( alpha 2M MeNH 2 ) to bind TGF beta 1 and target the growth factor to vSMCs that express the alpha 2M receptor . ^^^ Receptor recognized alpha 2M derivatives without TGF beta 1 binding activity , including ternary alpha 2M trypsin , an 18 kDa proteolytic fragment of the alpha 2M subunit , and the corresponding recombinant receptor binding fragment ( rRBF ) increased vSMC [ 3H ] thymidine incorporation and cell number in a manner similar to alpha 2M MeNH 2 . ^^^ In combination with TGF beta 1 , each alpha 2M derivative caused a synergistic vSMC proliferative response . vSMCs responded comparably when treated with alpha 2M MeNH 2 and TGF beta 1 simultaneously or in sequence . ^^^ Furthermore , alpha 2M MeNH 2 TGF beta 1 complexes increased [ 3H ] thymidine incorporation no more than alpha 2M MeNH 2 alone . ^^^ |
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| Interacting proteins: Q15582 and P01023 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| Circulating levels of proinflammatory cytokines ( tumor necrosis factor alpha ( TNF alpha ) interleukin 1 beta [ IL 1 beta ] , IL 2 , IL 6 , and interferon gamma [ IFN gamma ] ) , anti inflammatory cytokines ( transforming growth factor beta 1 [ TGF beta 1 ] , IL 4 , IL 10 , and IL 13 ) , the cytokine carrier protein alpha 2 macroglobulin , IL 1 receptor antagonist ( IL 1ra ) , soluble TNF receptors ( sTNFr ) p 55 and p 75 , and soluble IL 6 receptor ( sIL 6r ) were determined in 15 patients with POEMS syndrome and 15 with multiple myeloma . ^^^ |
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| Interacting proteins: Q15582 and P01023 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| In this study we characterized the effects of the serine proteinase , plasmin , on the interaction of alpha 2M with TGF beta 1 and TGF beta 2 . ^^^ The binding affinity of alpha 2M for TGF beta 1 was increased by plasmin ; the Kd values were 320 and 84 nM for native alpha 2M and alpha 2M plasmin respectively . ^^^ |
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| Interacting proteins: Q15582 and P01023 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| Potentiation is due to antagonism of the binding and inactivation of TGF beta 1 by alpha 2 macroglobulin , rather than by modulation of growth factor receptor interactions . ^^^ |
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| Interacting proteins: Q15582 and P01023 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| Chemical modification of alpha 2 macroglobulin to generate derivatives that bind transforming growth factor beta with increased affinity . alpha 2 Macroglobulin ( alpha2M ) binds a number of cytokines , including transforming growth factor beta 1 ( TGF beta 1 ) and TGF beta 2 . ^^^ |
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| Interacting proteins: Q15582 and P01023 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| Hepatitis B virus 10 antigen promotes transforming growth factor beta 1 ( TGF beta 1 ) activity by up regulation of TGF beta 1 and down regulation of alpha 2 macroglobulin . ^^^ |
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| Interacting proteins: Q15582 and P01023 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| Equine alpha 2M bound 125I TGF beta 1 . ^^^ In all plasma and joint fluid samples , whether untreated or reacted with methylamine , 125I TGF beta 1 bound predominantly to alpha 2M , and preferentially to the activated form of alpha 2M . ^^^ In synovial fluid , the amount of 125I TGF beta 1 binding was proportional to the quantity of alpha 2M present . ^^^ These results indicate that : 1 ) equine alpha 2M binds TGF beta 1 ; 2 ) the native form of alpha 2M is present in both equine plasma and synovial fluid , and 3 ) alpha 2M is a major binding protein for TGF beta 1 in equine synovial fluid . ^^^ |
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| Interacting proteins: Q15582 and P01023 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| The levels of Alzheimer ' s disease ( AD ) related genes , including beta amyloid precursor protein ( APP ) , presenilin 1 ( PS 1 ) , PS 2 , apoE , tau , c fos , neural cell adhesion molecular 180 ( NCAM 180 ) , TGF beta 1 , IL 1 alpha / beta , IL 6 , TNF alpha / beta , alpha 2 Macroglobulin ( alpha 2M ) , class 2 major histocompatibility antigen la ( MHCII la ) , bcl 2 alpha , glucocorticoid receptor alpha ( GR alpha ) and mineralocorticoid receptor ( MR ) mRNAs were determined by reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction ( RT PCR ) in the hippocampus and cerebral cortex of senescence accelerated mouse ( SAM ) . ^^^ |
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| Interacting proteins: Q15582 and P01023 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| It was assumed that all TGF beta 1 in the circulation was bound to alpha 2 macroglobulin . ^^^ |
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| Interacting proteins: Q15582 and P01023 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| In contrast , the affinity constant of TGF beta 2 for alpha 2 macroglobulin is 10 fold greater than that of TGF beta 1 . ^^^ |
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| Interacting proteins: Q15582 and P01023 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| Alpha 2 macroglobulin ( alpha2M ) functions as an extracellular carrier of diverse cytokines , including transforming growth factor beta 1 ( TGF beta 1 ) , that expresses anti inflammatory activities . ^^^ |
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| Interacting proteins: Q15582 and P01023 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| Moreover , proteolytic enzymes may accelerate the removal of TGF beta 1 from renal tissue via a protease induced activation of alpha 2 macroglobulin ( alpha 2M ) . ^^^ This activation results in the binding of numerous cytokines , including TGF beta 1 and is followed by enhanced plasma clearance of the protease alpha 2M cytokine complex . ^^^ |
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| Interacting proteins: Q15582 and P01023 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| Since alpha 2 Macroglobulin ( alpha2M ) , an acute phase protein possibly involved in AD , is an important modulator of TGF beta 1 activity , binding and targeting this cytokine to its appropriate site of action , we have investigated the possible complex between TGF beta 1 and alpha2M in plasma of the same subjects . ^^^ |
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| Interacting proteins: Q15582 and P01023 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| Growth factor binding sequence in human alpha 2 macroglobulin targets the receptor binding site in transforming growth factor beta . alpha ( 2 ) Macroglobulin ( alpha ( 2 ) M ) binds transforming growth factor beta 1 ( TGF beta 1 ) and TGF beta 2 , forcing these growth factors into a state of latency . ^^^ |
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| Interacting proteins: Q15582 and P01023 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| BACKGROUND : To study the levels of transforming growth factor 1beta ( TGF beta 1 ) and of alpha 2 macroglobulin ( alpha 2 M ) , a high affinity binding protein of TGF beta 1 , in comparison to prostate specific antigen ( PSA ) in prostate cancer ( PCa ) patients before and up to 12 months after prostatectomy , and to correlate the results with clinicopathological parameters . ^^^ Pre and postoperatively , plasma levels of TGF beta 1 , alpha 2 M and PSA were measured in the same samples by ELISA , and were correlated with pathological parameters and clinical outcomes . ^^^ Preoperative levels of TGF beta 1 but not of alpha 2 M seem to be influenced by the body mass index ( BMI ) . ^^^ CONCLUSIONS : Elevated TGF beta 1 and decreased alpha 2 M were consistently found in patients with PCa , and may be considered as risk factors for tumor development and progression . ^^^ |
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| Interacting proteins: Q15582 and P01023 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| Limited mutations in full length tetrameric human alpha 2 macroglobulin abrogate binding of platelet derived growth factor BB and transforming growth factor beta 1 . alpha 2 Macroglobulin ( alpha2M ) inhibits diverse extracellular proteases , binds growth factors such as platelet derived growth factor BB ( PDGF BB ) and transforming growth factor beta 1 ( TGF beta 1 ) , and carries beta amyloid peptide . alpha2M may also trigger cell signaling by binding to the low density lipoprotein receptor related protein ( LRP 1 ) and / or other cell surface receptors . ^^^ |
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| Interacting proteins: Q15582 and P01023 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| NA |
|
| Interacting proteins: Q15582 and P01023 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| NA |
|
| Interacting proteins: Q15582 and P01023 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| NA |
|
| Interacting proteins: Q15582 and P01023 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| NA |
|
| Interacting proteins: Q15582 and P01023 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| NA |
|
| Interacting proteins: Q15582 and P01023 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| NA |
|
| Interacting proteins: Q15582 and P01023 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| NA |
|
| Interacting proteins: Q15582 and P01023 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| NA |
|
| Interacting proteins: Q15582 and P01023 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| NA |
|
| Interacting proteins: Q15582 and P01023 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| NA |
|
| Interacting proteins: Q15582 and P01023 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| NA |
|
| Interacting proteins: Q15582 and P01023 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| NA |
|
| Interacting proteins: Q15582 and P01023 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| NA |
|
| Interacting proteins: Q15582 and P01023 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| NA |
|
| Interacting proteins: Q15582 and P01023 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| NA |
|
| Interacting proteins: Q15582 and P01023 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| NA |
|
| Interacting proteins: Q15582 and P01023 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| NA |
|
| Interacting proteins: Q15582 and P01023 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| NA |
|
| Interacting proteins: Q15582 and P01023 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| NA |
|
| Interacting proteins: Q15582 and P01023 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| NA |
|
| Interacting proteins: Q15582 and P01023 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| NA |
|
| Interacting proteins: Q15582 and P01023 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| NA |
|
| Interacting proteins: Q15582 and P01023 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| NA |
|