| Interacting proteins: Q14191 and P54132 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :1.1661851 |
| The known nucleolar localization of WRN , its invariant expression during the cell cycle , and the lack of interaction between BLM and WRN suggest distinct roles for BLM and WRN in processes such as DNA repair and recombination . . 1.1661851^^^ |
|
| Interacting proteins: Q14191 and P54132 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.5359971 |
| Two regions of WRN that mediate interaction with BLM were identified , and one of these was localized to the exonuclease domain of WRN . 0.5359971^^^ |
|
| Interacting proteins: Q14191 and P54132 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| The Saccharomyces cerevisiae SGS 1 gene is homologous to Escherichia coli RecQ and the human BLM and WRN proteins that are defective in the cancer prone disorder Bloom ' s syndrome and the premature aging disorder Werner ' s syndrome , respectively . ^^^ |
|
| Interacting proteins: Q14191 and P54132 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| The genes responsible for these diseases , BLM and WRN , have been cloned and identified as homologs of the Escherichia coli recQ genes . ^^^ |
|
| Interacting proteins: Q14191 and P54132 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| Here we show that recovery from such treatments is under genetic control and is defective in fission yeast rqh 1 mutants . rqh1+ , previously known as hus2+ , encodes a putative DNA helicase related to the Escherichia coli RecQ helicase , with particular homology to the gene products of the human BLM and WRN genes and the Saccharomyces cerevisiae SGS 1 gene . ^^^ BLM and WRN are mutated in patients with Bloom ' s syndrome and Werner ' s syndrome respectively . ^^^ |
|
| Interacting proteins: Q14191 and P54132 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| Moreover , the Bloom ' s syndrome gene ( BLM ) , discovered before WRN , is also homologous to the RecQ family of DNA helicases , though we still await demonstration that it encodes an active helicase . ^^^ |
|
| Interacting proteins: Q14191 and P54132 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| The recent cloning of the genes involved in Bloom syndrome ( BLM ) and Werner syndrome ( WRN ) show that both are DNA and RNA helicases with homology to each other and to other DExH box helicases , yet the mechanism by which defects in these genes cause such different phenotypes is not yet understood . ^^^ |
|
| Interacting proteins: Q14191 and P54132 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| These findings also shed light on the function of the eukaryotic homologs of RecQ helicase , the Sgs 1 , Blm , and Wrn helicases . . ^^^ |
|
| Interacting proteins: Q14191 and P54132 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| The human BLM gene is a member of the Escherichia coli recQ helicase family , which includes the Saccharomyces cerevisiae SGS 1 and human WRN genes . ^^^ |
|
| Interacting proteins: Q14191 and P54132 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| The gene defective in WS ( WRN ) has been cloned and encodes a protein homologous to several helicases , including Escherichia coli RecQ , the human Bloom syndrome protein ( BLM ) , and Saccharomyces cerevisiae Sgs1p . ^^^ |
|
| Interacting proteins: Q14191 and P54132 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| The genes responsible for these diseases , BLM and WRN , have been found to be homologs of Escherichia coli recQ and Saccharomyces cerevisiae SGS 1 genes . ^^^ Here we show that yeast Sgs 1 helicase acts as a suppressor of illegitimate recombination through homologous recombination and that human BLM and WRN helicases can suppress the increased homologous and illegitimate recombinations in the S . cerevisiae sgs 1 mutant . ^^^ The results imply a role of BLM and WRN helicases to control genomic stability in human cells . ^^^ Similar to Sgs 1 helicase , BLM helicase suppressed the cell growth in the top 3 sgs1 mutation background and restored the increased sensitivity of the sgs 1 mutant to hydroxyurea , but the WRN helicase did not . ^^^ We discussed differential roles of BLM and WRN helicases in human cells . ^^^ |
|
| Interacting proteins: Q14191 and P54132 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| The difference in Mfs is one aspect of the large variation in the phenotype observed between WRN and BLM patients , suggesting a different role of the responsible genes , both of which belong to the RecQ DNA helicase gene family , in the control of somatic mutagenesis . . ^^^ |
|
| Interacting proteins: Q14191 and P54132 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| The RecQ 4 helicase is as large as the Bloom ( BLM ) and Werner ( WRN ) helicases , and its gene expression profile is organ specific , resembling that of BLM helicase . ^^^ Synchronized K 562 cell cultures showed that the genes RecQ 4 and BLM , and RecQ 1 and WRN , seem to be upregulated at the G1 / S and G2 / M phases , respectively , of the cell cycle . ^^^ |
|
| Interacting proteins: Q14191 and P54132 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| These include the human BLM gene , whose mutation results in Bloom syndrome , and the human WRN gene , whose mutation leads to Werner syndrome resembling premature aging . ^^^ Our analyses identify four possible subfamilies in the RECQ family : ( 1 ) the BLM subgroup ( H . sapiens Bloom , D . melanogaster Dmblm , and Caenorhabditis elegans T04A11 . 6 ) ; ( 2 ) the yeast RECQ subgroup ( S . cerevisiae SGS 1 and Schizosaccharomyces pombe rqh1 / rad12 ) ; ( 3 ) the RECQL / Q1 subgroup ( H . sapiens RECQL / Q1 and C . elegans K02F3 . 1 ) ; and ( 4 ) the WRN subgroup ( H . sapiens Werner and C . elegans F18C5 . 2 ) . ^^^ |
|
| Interacting proteins: Q14191 and P54132 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| Sgs1p is a member of the RecQ DNA helicase family , which also includes Schizo saccharomyces pombe Rqh 1 , and the human BLM and WRN genes . ^^^ |
|
| Interacting proteins: Q14191 and P54132 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| The genes responsible for Werner and Bloom syndromes ( WRN and BLM , respectively ) have been identified as homologues of Escherichia coli RecQ , which encodes a DNA helicase that unwinds double stranded DNA into single stranded DNAs . ^^^ |
|
| Interacting proteins: Q14191 and P54132 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| These results have implications for the mechanism of action of BLM and suggest that other RecQ family helicases , including the WRN protein associated with Werner ' s syndrome , might also adopt ring structures . . ^^^ |
|
| Interacting proteins: Q14191 and P54132 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| The WRN DNA helicase is a member of the DExH containing DNA helicase superfamily that includes XPB , XPD , and BLM . ^^^ |
|
| Interacting proteins: Q14191 and P54132 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| Although the genome of the budding yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae encodes only a single member of this family , there are at least five human RecQ related genes : RecQL , BLM , WRN , RecQ 4 and RecQ 5 . ^^^ |
|
| Interacting proteins: Q14191 and P54132 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| In contrast to WRN , BLM was expressed strongly in the testis and thymus . ^^^ |
|
| Interacting proteins: Q14191 and P54132 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| The SGS 1 gene of the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae encodes a DNA helicase with homology to the human Bloom ' s syndrome gene BLM and the Werner ' s syndrome gene WRN . ^^^ |
|
| Interacting proteins: Q14191 and P54132 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| RESULTS : We show that human BLM , but not WRN can prevent the premature ageing and the increased homologous recombination at the rDNA loci caused by sgs 1 mutation . ^^^ Unexpectedly , the levels of ERCs ( extrachromosomal rDNA circles ) , the products of homologous recombination , formed in 7 generation cells of the wild type or the sgs 1 : BLM strain were comparable with those of the sgs 1 or the sgs 1 : WRN age matched old cells . ^^^ |
|
| Interacting proteins: Q14191 and P54132 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| At least five human RecQ related genes exist : RecQ 1 , BLM , WRN , RecQ 4 and RecQ 5 . ^^^ Mutations in BLM , WRN and RecQ 4 are associated with Bloom , Werner and Rothmund Thomson syndromes , respectively , involving a predisposition to malignancies and a cellular phenotype that includes increased chromosome instability . ^^^ |
|
| Interacting proteins: Q14191 and P54132 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| SGS 1 in yeast encodes a DNA helicase with homology to the human BLM and WRN proteins . ^^^ |
|
| Interacting proteins: Q14191 and P54132 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| BLM is found primarily in nuclear domain 10 except during S phase when it colocalizes with the Werner syndrome gene product , WRN , in the nucleolus . ^^^ |
|
| Interacting proteins: Q14191 and P54132 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| To obtain a better understanding of how these enzymes function in DNA metabolic pathways that directly influence chromosomal integrity , we have examined the effects of non covalent DNA modifications on the catalytic activities of purified Werner ( WRN ) and Bloom ( BLM ) DNA helicases . ^^^ A panel of DNA binding ligands displaying unique properties for interacting with double helical DNA was tested for their effects on the unwinding activity of WRN and BLM helicases on a partial duplex DNA substrate . ^^^ The results demonstrate that BLM and WRN proteins exhibit similar sensitivity profiles to these DNA binding ligands and are most potently inhibited by the structurally related minor groove binders distamycin A and netropsin ( K ( 1 ) < / =1 microM ) . ^^^ The distinct inhibition of WRN and BLM helicases by the minor groove binders suggest that these helicases unwind double stranded DNA by a related mechanism . . ^^^ |
|
| Interacting proteins: Q14191 and P54132 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| BLM is a member of the RecQ helicase family , consisting of human WRN , RECQL and yeast Sgs 1 . ^^^ |
|
| Interacting proteins: Q14191 and P54132 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| The Saccharomyces cerevisiae gene SGS 1 encodes a DNA helicase that shows homology to the Escherichia coli protein RecQ and the products of the BLM and WRN genes in humans , which are defective in Bloom ' s and Werner ' s syndrome , respectively . ^^^ |
|
| Interacting proteins: Q14191 and P54132 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| Three human RecQ DNA helicases , WRN , BLM and RTS , are involved in the genetic disorders associated with genomic instability and a high incidence of cancer . ^^^ We report here that in human B cells transformed by Epstein Barr virus ( EBV ) , human fibroblasts and umbilical endothelial cells transformed by simian virus 40 , the expression of WRN , BLM , RTS and RecQL 1 was sharply up regulated . ^^^ Our results support the view that the levels of WRN , BLM , RTS and RecQL 1 are differentially up regulated to guarantee genomic stability in cells that are transformed or actively proliferating . . ^^^ |
|
| Interacting proteins: Q14191 and P54132 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| Like the latter polypeptide , A . nidulans recQ consists of little more than the conserved helicase domain , lacking the long amino and carboxy terminal extensions seen in other recQ family members such as BLM and WRN and in the sole RecQ family helicase of the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae ( Sgs1p ) . ^^^ |
|
| Interacting proteins: Q14191 and P54132 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| SGS 1 , the Saccharomyces cerevisiae homologue of BLM and WRN , suppresses genome instability and homeologous recombination . ^^^ Mutations in genes encoding RecQ like DNA helicases such as the Bloom and Werner syndrome genes , BLM and WRN , have been suggested to cause increased genome instability . ^^^ This suggests that defects in the suppression of rearrangements involving divergent , repeated sequences may underlie the genome instability seen in BLM and WRN patients and in cancer cases associated with defects in these genes . . ^^^ |
|
| Interacting proteins: Q14191 and P54132 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| We show here that BLM , but not the related RECQ like helicase WRN , is rapidly cleaved in cells undergoing apoptosis . ^^^ The results suggest that BLM , but not WRN , is an early selected target during the execution of apoptosis . . ^^^ |
|
| Interacting proteins: Q14191 and P54132 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| Five members of the RecQ helicase family , RECQL , WRN , BLM , RECQL 4 and RECQL 5 have been identified in humans . ^^^ WRN and BLM have been demonstrated to be the responsible genes in Werner and Bloom syndromes , respectively . ^^^ |
|
| Interacting proteins: Q14191 and P54132 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| We show here that the telomere elongation pathway in yeast ( type 2 ) is dependent on SGS 1 , the yeast homolog of the gene products of Werner ' s ( WRN ) and Bloom ' s ( BLM ) syndromes . ^^^ |
|
| Interacting proteins: Q14191 and P54132 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| The WRN gene encodes a 3 ' 5 ' DNA helicase , and is a member of the RecQ family , which also includes the product of the Bloom ' s syndrome gene ( BLM ) . ^^^ In this work , we show that WRN promotes the ATP dependent translocation of Holliday junctions , an activity that is also exhibited by BLM . ^^^ |
|
| Interacting proteins: Q14191 and P54132 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| The RecQ helicases encoded by the BLM , WRN and RECQ 4 genes are defective in Bloom ' s , Werner ' s and Rothmund Thomson syndromes , respectively . ^^^ |
|
| Interacting proteins: Q14191 and P54132 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| There are at least five RecQ homologues in human cells , including BLM and WRN . ^^^ The genes encoding BLM and WRN are mutated in the cancer prone disorder Bloom ' s syndrome ( BS ) and the plogeroid disorder Werner ' s syndrome ( WS ) , respectively . ^^^ Recent studies on BLM , WRN , and the RecQ homologue of Saccharomyces cerevisiae , Sgs 1 , indicate that these RecQ homologues interact with proteins involved in DNA replication , and function in a pathway from the DNA replication check point to homologous recombination . . ^^^ |
|
| Interacting proteins: Q14191 and P54132 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| In humans , defects in three family members are associated with disease conditions : BLM is defective in Bloom ' s syndrome , WRN in Werner ' s syndrome and RTS in Rothmund Thomson syndrome . ^^^ |
|
| Interacting proteins: Q14191 and P54132 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| The Saccharomyces cerevisiae SGS 1 gene is a member of the RecQ family of ATP dependent DNA helicases , which includes the human WRN , BLM and RECQ 4 genes . ^^^ |
|
| Interacting proteins: Q14191 and P54132 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| The Bloom syndrome ( BS ) protein , BLM , is a member of the RecQ DNA helicase family that also includes the Werner syndrome protein , WRN . ^^^ Here , we report that analogous to WRN , BLM also binds to p 53 in vivo and in vitro , and the C terminal domain of p 53 is responsible for the interaction . p 53 mediated apoptosis is defective in BS fibroblasts and can be rescued by expression of the normal BLM gene . ^^^ |
|
| Interacting proteins: Q14191 and P54132 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| A second helicase , Sgs 1 , is the S . cerevisiae homologue of the human BLM and WRN proteins , which are defective in cancer predisposition and / or premature ageing syndromes . ^^^ |
|
| Interacting proteins: Q14191 and P54132 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| One of the interactors found was Sgs 1 , a DNA helicase influencing the life span of Saccharomyces cerevisiae , with homology to the human BLM , WRN and RECQL 4 proteins . ^^^ |
|
| Interacting proteins: Q14191 and P54132 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| A comparison of amino acid sequences among helicases of the RecQ family reveals that Sgs 1 , WRN , and BLM share a conserved region adjacent to the C terminal part of the helicase domain ( C terminal conserved region ) . ^^^ These regions were also found in BLM and WRN , and in Rqh 1 from Schizosaccharomyces pombe . ^^^ |
|
| Interacting proteins: Q14191 and P54132 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| METHODS : We analyzed 50 gastric carcinomas ( GCs ) for mutations in the BLM poly ( A ) tract aswell as in the coding microsatellites of the TGFbeta 1 RII , IGFIIR , hMSH 3 , hMSH 6 , BAX , WRN , RECQL and CBL genes . ^^^ |
|
| Interacting proteins: Q14191 and P54132 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| Mutations in the RecQ like genes BLM , WRN , and RECQL 4 can result in Bloom syndrome , Werner syndrome , and Rothmund Thomson syndrome , respectively . ^^^ |
|
| Interacting proteins: Q14191 and P54132 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| Mutations in ATM , NBS 1 , MRE 11 , BLM , WRN , and FANCD 2 are responsible for ataxia telangiectasia ( AT ) , Nijmegen breakage syndrome , AT like disorder , Bloom and Werner syndrome , and Fanconi anemia group D 2 , respectively . ^^^ |
|
| Interacting proteins: Q14191 and P54132 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| The RecQ family of DNA helicases , which includes the Bloom ' s ( BLM ) and Werner ' s ( WRN ) syndrome gene products , are apparently unique among cellular helicases in their ability to efficiently disrupt G quadruplex DNA . ^^^ Here , we show that trisubstituted acridine ligands are potent inhibitors of the helicase activity of the BLM and WRN proteins on both G quadruplex and B form DNA substrates . ^^^ |
|
| Interacting proteins: Q14191 and P54132 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| Five members of the RecQ helicase family , RECQL , WRN , BLM , RTS and RECQL 5 , have been found in human and three of them ( WRN , BLM and RTS ) were disclosed to be the genes responsible for Werner , Bloom and Rothmund Thomson syndromes , respectively . ^^^ |
|
| Interacting proteins: Q14191 and P54132 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| Mutations in several DExH containing DNA helicases , including XPD , XPB , WRN , and BLM , are associated with rare familial cancer syndromes characterized by genomic instability and cancer susceptibility . ^^^ |
|
| Interacting proteins: Q14191 and P54132 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| Here , we report that musN encodes a RecQ helicase with homology to S . pombe rqh 1 , S . cerevisiae sgs 1 , and human BLM and WRN . ^^^ |
|
| Interacting proteins: Q14191 and P54132 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| WRN and BLM genes causing WS and BS , encode proteins that are closely related to the RecQ helicase . ^^^ We produced WRN / , BLM / and WRN ( / ) / BLM ( / ) mutants in the chicken B cell line DT 40 . ^^^ In WRN ( / ) / BLM ( / ) cells , synergistically increased hypersensitivities to the genotoxic agents were observed whereas both SCE frequencies and targeted integration rates were partially diminished compared to the single mutants . ^^^ Chromosomal aberrations were also synergistically increased in WRN ( / ) / BLM ( / ) cells when irradiated with UV light in late S to G ( 2 ) phases . ^^^ These results suggest that both WRN and BLM may be involved in DNA repair in a complementary fashion . . ^^^ |
|
| Interacting proteins: Q14191 and P54132 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| Here we report the analysis of mice with null mutations of Wrn , Blm , and RecQ 1 genes that are related to Mut 7 and Qde 3 , two genes essential for RNAi in Caenorhabditis elegans and quelling in Neurospora , respectively . ^^^ Our results suggest that Wrn , Blm , and RecQ 1 are not involved in sequence specific mRNA degradation in mammals in response to dsRNA , suggesting potential differences in the mammalian RNAi pathway . . ^^^ |
|
| Interacting proteins: Q14191 and P54132 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| We resequenced portions of three helicase genes ( BLM , WRN , and RECQL ) identifying a total of 37 noncoding single nucleotide polymorphisms ( SNPs ) . ^^^ Haplotype inference predicted 50 haplotypes in BLM , 56 in WRN , and 47 in RECQL in a sample of 600 chromosomes . ^^^ |
|
| Interacting proteins: Q14191 and P54132 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| The list of human RecQ helicase comprises RecQ 1 , BLM ( Bloom syndrome ) , WRN ( Werner syndrome ) , RTS ( Rothmund Thomson syndrome ) , and RecQ 5 . ^^^ Of these , the defective BLM , WRN , and RTS helicases are responsible for distinct but overlapping clinical features suggesting premature aging and an enhanced risk of cancer , which apparently stems from chromosomal instability in the cells of tissues and organs where expression of the helicase genes are specified . ^^^ |
|
| Interacting proteins: Q14191 and P54132 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| Proteins with these dual roles occur in : ( 1 ) HRR ( BRCA 1 , ATM , ATR , WRN , BLM , Tip 60 and p 53 ) ; ( 2 ) NHEJ ( the catalytic subunit of DNA PK ) ; ( 3 ) NER ( XPB , XPD , p 53 and p 33 ( ING1b ) ) ; ( 4 ) BER ( Ref 1 / Ape , poly ( ADP ribose ) polymerase 1 ( PARP 1 ) and p 53 ) ; ( 5 ) MMR ( MSH 2 , MSH 6 , MLH 1 and PMS 2 ) . ^^^ Such proteins include BRCA 1 , ATM , WRN , BLM , p 53 , XPB , XPD , MSH 2 , MSH 6 , MLH 1 and PMS2 . . ^^^ |
|
| Interacting proteins: Q14191 and P54132 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| The processing of Holliday junctions by BLM and WRN helicases is regulated by p 53 . ^^^ BLM , WRN , and p 53 are involved in the homologous DNA recombination pathway . ^^^ The DNA structure specific helicases , BLM and WRN , unwind Holliday junctions ( HJ ) , an activity that could suppress inappropriate homologous recombination during DNA replication . ^^^ Here , we show that purified , recombinant p 53 binds to BLM and WRN helicases and attenuates their ability to unwind synthetic HJ in vitro . ^^^ Moreover , full length p 53 and a C terminal polypeptide ( residues 373 383 ) inhibit the BLM and WRN helicase activities , but phosphorylation at Ser ( 376 ) or Ser ( 378 ) completely abolishes this inhibition . ^^^ |
|
| Interacting proteins: Q14191 and P54132 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| The SGS 1 gene of Saccharomyces cerevisiae is a member of the RecQ helicase family , which includes the human BLM , WRN and RECQL 4 genes responsible for Bloom and Werner ' s syndrome and Rothmund Thomson syndrome , respectively . ^^^ |
|
| Interacting proteins: Q14191 and P54132 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| In vitro , TRF 2 demonstrates high affinity for WRN and for another RecQ family member , the Bloom syndrome protein ( BLM ) . ^^^ TRF 2 interaction with either WRN or BLM results in a notable stimulation of their helicase activities . ^^^ Furthermore , the WRN and BLM helicases , partnered with replication protein A , actively unwind long telomeric duplex regions that are pre bound by TRF 2 . ^^^ These results suggest that TRF 2 functions with WRN , and possibly BLM , in a common pathway at telomeric ends . . ^^^ |
|
| Interacting proteins: Q14191 and P54132 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| In humans , a defect in the RecQ family helicases encoded by the BLM , WRN and RECQ 4 genes gives rise to Bloom ' s ( BS ) , Werner ' s ( WS ) and Rothmund Thomson ( RTS ) syndromes , respectively . ^^^ |
|
| Interacting proteins: Q14191 and P54132 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| Recently , WRN and BLM , two helicases mutated in the genetic hereditary conditions Werner and Bloom syndromes , appeared crucial for the correct recovery from replication arrest ; however , it seems that other proteins assist them in this role . ^^^ |
|
| Interacting proteins: Q14191 and P54132 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| Five members of the RecQ family have been found in humans , but only two of them have been carefully characterized , BLM and WRN . ^^^ However , it was also able to unwind a blunt ended duplex DNA with a `` bubble ' ' of 25 nucleotides in the middle , as previously observed for WRN and BLM . ^^^ Comparison of the present results with previous studies on WRN and BLM provides novel insight into the role of the N and C terminal domains of these helicases in determining their substrate specificity and in their interaction with hRPA . . ^^^ |
|
| Interacting proteins: Q14191 and P54132 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| The Werner syndrome gene ( WRN ) helicase , another member of the RecQ family like BLM , has very recently been found to help mediate homologous recombination . ^^^ |
|
| Interacting proteins: Q14191 and P54132 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| In humans , mutation of three RecQ related helicases , BLM , WRN and RecQL 4 , cause the cancer prone and premature ageing diseases of Bloom syndrome , Werner ' s syndrome and Rothmund Thompson syndrome , respectively . ^^^ |
|
| Interacting proteins: Q14191 and P54132 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| Humans have five RecQ family members , and deficiencies in three of them , BLM , WRN , and RTS , cause Bloom ' s , Werner ' s , and Rothmund Thomson syndromes , respectively , each characterized by genomic instability and cancer predisposition . ^^^ In addition , BLM and WRN deficiencies have been shown to attenuate p 53 mediated apoptosis , suggesting that they also belong to the gatekeeper class of tumor suppressor proteins . . ^^^ |
|
| Interacting proteins: Q14191 and P54132 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| Three of the human RecQ homologs ( BLM , WRN and RTS ) have been linked to autosomal recessive human genetic disorders ( Bloom syndrome , Werner syndrome and Rothmund Thomson syndrome , respectively ) that display increased genomic instability and cause elevated levels of cancers in addition to other symptoms . ^^^ To understand the role of RecQ helicases in maintaining genomic stability , the WRN , BLM and Escherichia coli RecQ helicases have been characterized in terms of their DNA substrate specificity . ^^^ Here we show that Drosophila RECQ 5 helicase is a structure specific DNA helicase like the other RecQ helicases biochemically characterized so far , although the substrate specificity is not identical to that of WRN and BLM helicases . ^^^ Drosophila RECQ 5 helicase is capable of unwinding 3 ' Flap , three way junction , fork and three strand junction substrates at lower protein concentrations compared to 5 ' Flap , 12 nt bubble and synthetic Holliday junction structures , which can be unwound efficiently by WRN and BLM . . ^^^ |
|
| Interacting proteins: Q14191 and P54132 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| These are the causative genes for Xeroderma pigmentosum ( XPB and XPD ) , Cockayne syndrome ( CSB ) , diffuse collagen disease ( Ku 80 ) , alpha thalassmia ( ATR 10 ) , Bloom syndrome ( BLM ) , Werner syndrome ( WRN ) and Rothmund Thomson syndrome ( RTS ) . ^^^ E coli . recQ gene and S . cerevisiae SGS 1 are the homologue for all BLM , WRN and RTS . ^^^ To clarify the functions of S . cerevisiae Sgs 1 and to get an insight into the functions of Blm , Wrn and Rts , in this study , we analyzed the phenotype of sgs 1 disruptant and in detail the cause of the poor sporulation phenotype of sgs 1 disruptants in relation to meiotic processes including meiotic recombination . ^^^ |
|
| Interacting proteins: Q14191 and P54132 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| The human BLM and WRN helicases are required for normal S phase progression . ^^^ |
|
| Interacting proteins: Q14191 and P54132 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| These are Bloom ' s syndrome , Werner ' s syndrome and Rothmund Thomson syndrome , which are caused by defects in the genes BLM , WRN and RECQ 4 respectively . ^^^ |
|
| Interacting proteins: Q14191 and P54132 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| RecQ members in Saccharomyces cerevisiae ( SGS 1 ) and man ( WRN , BLM and RecQL 4 ) are involved in DNA recombination , repair and genome stability maintenance , but little is known about the function of their plant counterparts . ^^^ |
|
| Interacting proteins: Q14191 and P54132 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| The human aging diseases Werner and Bloom syndromes are a result of mutation of the WRN and BLM genes , respectively . ^^^ The SGS 1 gene of Saccharomyces cerevisiae is homologous to the human WRN and BLM genes of the RecQ DNA helicase family . ^^^ |
|
| Interacting proteins: Q14191 and P54132 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| Although the Bloom ( BLM ) syndrome helicase was also inhibited by a cis opened adduct in a strand specific manner , this helicase was not as severely affected as WRN . ^^^ |
|
| Interacting proteins: Q14191 and P54132 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| Other members of this gene family are BLM mutated in Bloom syndrome , WRN mutated in Werner syndrome and RECQL and RECQL 5 . ^^^ The function of RECQL 4 remains unknown , but based on the domain homology it possesses ATP dependent DNA helicase activity such as BLM and WRN . ^^^ |
|
| Interacting proteins: Q14191 and P54132 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| Two RecQ related DNA helicases BLM and WRN that are required for recombination repair in human cells colocalize with Mus 81 in nucleoli . ^^^ However , the nucleolar retention of Mus 81 is not dependent on the presence of BLM or WRN , or on ongoing transcription . ^^^ |
|
| Interacting proteins: Q14191 and P54132 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| Mutations in the RECQL 4 gene , encoding a protein of the family of Werner ( WRN ) and Bloom ( BLM ) helicases , have been identified in a subset of RTS patients . ^^^ |
|
| Interacting proteins: Q14191 and P54132 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| Biochemical analyses demonstrate that the C terminal domain of WRN or BLM stimulates FEN 1 cleavage of its proposed physiological substrates during replication . ^^^ |
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| Interacting proteins: Q14191 and P54132 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| The 133 kDa RECQL 4 is a putative DNA helicase , a member of the family that includes the BLM and WRN helicases . ^^^ Using antibodies to human RECQL 4 , we found that the bulk of RECQL 4 was present in a cytoplasmic extract of HeLa cells , in contrast to the largely nuclear BLM and WRN helicases . ^^^ |
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| Interacting proteins: Q14191 and P54132 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| The Werner and Bloom syndromes are caused by loss of function mutations in WRN and BLM , respectively , which encode the RecQ family DNA helicases WRN and BLM , respectively . ^^^ Accumulating evidence points to telomeres as targets of WRN and BLM , but the importance in vivo of the proteins in telomere biology has not been tested . ^^^ We show that Wrn and Blm mutations each accentuate pathology in later generation mice lacking the telomerase RNA template Terc , including acceleration of phenotypes characteristic of latest generation Terc mutants . ^^^ |
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| Interacting proteins: Q14191 and P54132 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| This band was also completely supershifted by the addition of antibodies to ATM , Ku 70 , DNA ligase 3 , Rpa 32 , Rpa 14 , DNA ligase 4 , XRCC 4 , WRN , BLM , RAD 51 and p 53 . ^^^ The density of one of the DNA EBCs predicted the radiosensitization caused by BRCA haploinsufficiency , and this band contains Ku 70 , ATM , DNA ligase 3 , Rpa 32 , Rpa 14 , DNA ligase 4 , XRCC 4 , WRN , BLM , RAD 51 and p 53 but not BRCA 1 or 2 . ^^^ |
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| Interacting proteins: Q14191 and P54132 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| P 53 may downregulate HR through multiple mechanisms including the reported associations with the Rad 51 and Rad 54 recombinases , and the BLM and WRN helicases . ^^^ |
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| Interacting proteins: Q14191 and P54132 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| We investigated the expression of WRN and BLM ( genes involved in disorders characterized by premature ageing , genomic instability and cancer predisposition ) in peripheral blood mononuclear cells ( PBMC ) activated in vitro with phytohaemagglutinin ( PHA ) and infected with different HIV 1 strains . ^^^ In uninfected PBMC , PHA stimulation induced an increase in BLM mRNA and protein expression , while WRN expression remained virtually unchanged . ^^^ |
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| Interacting proteins: Q14191 and P54132 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| RECQ 4 is a member of the RecQ helicase family , which has been implicated in the regulation of DNA replication , recombination and repair . p 53 modulates the functions of RecQ helicases including BLM and WRN . ^^^ |
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| Interacting proteins: Q14191 and P54132 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| The TRF 2 DSB response requires the TRF 2 basic domain but not its Myb domain and occurs in the absence of functional ATM and DNA PK protein kinases , MRE11 / Rad50 / NBS1 complex and Ku 70 , WRN and BLM repair proteins . ^^^ |
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| Interacting proteins: Q14191 and P54132 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| Thus , mutations in the genes encoding the human RecQ homologues Blm , Wrn and RecQ 4 cause Bloom syndrome , Werner syndrome and Rothmund Thomson syndrome , respectively diseases which result from genome instability . ^^^ |
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| Interacting proteins: Q14191 and P54132 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| In this study , we show that three RecQ members ( WRN , deficient in the Werner syndrome ; BLM , deficient in the Bloom syndrome ; and Drosophila melanogaster RecQ5b ( dmRecQ5b ) ) possess a novel strand pairing activity . ^^^ In this regard , WRN and BLM are considerably more efficient than dmRecQ5b , apparently because dmRecQ5b lacks conserved sequences C terminal to the helicase domain that contribute to DNA binding , strand pairing , and strand exchange . ^^^ |
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| Interacting proteins: Q14191 and P54132 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| SGS 1 encodes a DNA helicase whose homologues in human cells include the BLM , WRN , and RECQ 4 genes , mutations in which lead to cancer predisposition syndromes . ^^^ |
|
| Interacting proteins: Q14191 and P54132 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| Although the biochemical properties and protein interactions of the WRN and BLM helicases defective in Werner syndrome and Bloom syndrome , respectively , have been extensively investigated , less information is available concerning the functions of the other human RecQ helicases . ^^^ |
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| Interacting proteins: Q14191 and P54132 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| Mutations in the genes encoding the BLM and WRN RecQ DNA helicases and the MRE 11 RAD50 NBS 1 complex lead to genome instability and cancer predisposition syndromes . ^^^ |
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| Interacting proteins: Q14191 and P54132 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| These results suggest that the physical interaction between RPA and WRN or BLM helicases plays an important role in the mechanism for RPA stimulation of helicase catalyzed DNA unwinding . . ^^^ |
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| Interacting proteins: Q14191 and P54132 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| POT 1 stimulates RecQ helicases WRN and BLM to unwind telomeric DNA substrates . ^^^ Defects in human RecQ helicases WRN and BLM are responsible for the cancer prone disorders Werner syndrome and Bloom syndrome . ^^^ Here we report that the telomeric single strand DNA binding protein , POT 1 , strongly stimulates WRN and BLM to unwind long telomeric forked duplexes and D loop structures that are otherwise poor substrates for these helicases . ^^^ We find that purified POT 1 binds to WRN and BLM in vitro and that full length POT 1 ( splice variant 1 ) precipitates a higher amount of endogenous WRN protein , compared with BLM , from the HeLa nuclear extract . ^^^ We propose roles for the cooperation of POT 1 with RecQ helicases WRN and BLM in resolving DNA structures at telomeric ends , in a manner that protects the telomeric 3 ' tail as it is exposed during unwinding . . ^^^ |
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| Interacting proteins: Q14191 and P54132 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| Of the five known human RecQ family members , three ( BLM , WRN and RECQ 4 , which cause Bloom ' s syndrome , Werner ' s syndrome and Rothmund Thomson syndrome respectively ) are mutated in distinct clinical disorders associated with cancer predisposition and / or premature aging . ^^^ |
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| Interacting proteins: Q14191 and P54132 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| To identify cellular events that are specifically vulnerable to WRN deficiency , we used RNA interference ( RNAi ) to knockdown WRN or BLM ( the RecQ helicase mutated in Bloom syndrome ) expression in primary human fibroblasts . ^^^ Withdrawal of WRN or BLM produced accelerated cellular senescence phenotype and DNA damage response in normal fibroblasts , as evidenced by induction of gammaH2AX and 53BP1 nuclear foci . ^^^ These conditions , however , did not prevent the DNA damage response in BLM ablated cells , suggesting a distinct role for WRN in DNA homeostasis in vivo . ^^^ |
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| Interacting proteins: Q14191 and P54132 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| This family contains the BLM and WRN helicases , in which germline mutations are responsible for Bloom and Werner syndromes , respectively . ^^^ The attenuated apoptotic phenotype in Bloom syndrome cells was rescued not only by ectopic expression of BLM , but also by WRN or XPB , both 3 ' > 5 ' helicases , but not expression of the 5 ' > 3 ' helicase XPD . ^^^ Overexpression of Sgs 1 , a WRN / BLM yeast homolog , corrected the reduction in BS cells only , which is consistent with Sgs 1 being evolutionarily most homologous to BLM . ^^^ |
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| Interacting proteins: Q14191 and P54132 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| Biochemical and genetic data indicate that an important protein interaction of WRN and Bloom syndrome ( BLM ) helicases is with the structure specific nuclease Flap Endonuclease 1 ( FEN 1 ) , an enzyme that is implicated in the processing of DNA intermediates that arise during cellular DNA replication , repair and recombination . ^^^ To acquire a better understanding of the interaction of WRN and BLM with FEN 1 , we have mapped the FEN 1 binding site on the two RecQ helicases . ^^^ Both WRN and BLM bind to the extreme C terminal 18 amino acid tail of FEN 1 that is adjacent to the PCNA binding site of FEN 1 . ^^^ The importance of the WRN / BLM physical interaction with the FEN 1 C terminal tail was confirmed by functional interaction studies with catalytically active purified recombinant FEN 1 deletion mutant proteins that lack either the WRN / BLM binding site or the PCNA interaction site . ^^^ These studies provide new insights to the interaction of WRN and BLM helicases with FEN 1 , and how these interactions might be regulated with the PCNA FEN 1 interaction during DNA replication and repair . . ^^^ |
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| Interacting proteins: Q14191 and P54132 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| Mutations of the human RecQ helicase genes WRN and BLM lead to rare autosomal recessive disorders , Werner and Bloom syndromes , which are associated with premature ageing and cancer predisposition . ^^^ We tested the hypothesis whether three polymorphic , non conservative amino acid exchanges in WRN and BLM act as low penetrance familial breast cancer risk factors . ^^^ |
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| Interacting proteins: Q14191 and P54132 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| The effect of BLAP 75 on BLM Topo IIIalpha is highly specific , as it is not seen with the combination of Topo IIIalpha and Escherichia coli RecQ helicase or another human RecQ like helicase WRN . ^^^ |
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| Interacting proteins: Q14191 and P54132 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| The present communication summarizes , from among 99 WS subjects , the spectrum of 50 distinct mutations discovered by our group and by others since the WRN gene ( also called RECQL 2 or REQ 3 ) was first cloned in 1996 ; 25 of these have not previously been published . ^^^ |
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| Interacting proteins: Q14191 and P54132 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| There are five human RecQ family members ( RECQ 1 , BLM , WRN , RECQ 4 and RECQ 5 ) , defects , three of which give rise to inherited human disorders . ^^^ Mutations of BLM have been identified in patients with Bloom ' s syndrome , WRN has been shown to be mutated in Werner ' s syndrome , while mutations of RECQ 4 have been associated with at least a subset of cases of both Rothmund Thomson syndrome and RAPADILINO . ^^^ |
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| Interacting proteins: Q14191 and P54132 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| Sgs 1 is a RecQ family DNA helicase required for genome stability in Saccharomyces cerevisiae whose human homologs BLM , WRN , and RECQL 4 are mutated in Bloom ' s , Werner , and Rothmund Thomson syndromes , respectively . ^^^ |
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| Interacting proteins: Q14191 and P54132 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| Like its RecQ helicase family member , WRN , the defective protein in Werner syndrome , dissection of the BLM protein revealed that its HRDC domain is sufficient for its recruitment to the damaged sites . ^^^ To identify additional proteins required for the recruitment of BLM , we examined the recruitment of BLM in various mutants generated from chicken DT 40 cells and found that the early accumulation of BLM was not dependent on the presence of ATM , RAD 17 , DNA PKcs , NBS 1 , XRCC 3 , RAD 52 , RAD 54 , or WRN . ^^^ Thus , HRDC domain in DNA helicases is a common early responder to DNA double strand breaks , enabling BLM and WRN to be involved in DNA repair . . ^^^ |
|
| Interacting proteins: Q14191 and P54132 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| NA |
|
| Interacting proteins: Q14191 and P54132 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| NA |
|
| Interacting proteins: Q14191 and P54132 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| NA |
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