| Interacting proteins: P29475 and Q13224 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| This study revealed that all constitutive NOS isoforms are expressed in RGCs and demonstrated that NO is produced by nNOS mainly through stimulation by glutamate in cultured RGCs . . ^^^ |
|
| Interacting proteins: P29475 and Q13224 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| In contrast , N methyl D aspartate stimulated glutamate release in cortex was significantly reduced in the neuronal NOS knockout mice , and N methyl D aspartate stimulated GABA release was significantly reduced in all brain regions of endothelial NOS knockout mice . ^^^ |
|
| Interacting proteins: P29475 and Q13224 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| We hypothesized that anesthetic dose of riluzole , an inhibitor of glutamate neurotransmission , may affect the activity and / or expression of neuronal NOS ( nNOS ) . ^^^ |
|
| Interacting proteins: P29475 and Q13224 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| The NOS inhibitor nitro L arginine is neuroprotective in wild type but not nNOS cultures , confirming the role of nNOS derived NO in glutamate neurotoxicity . ^^^ |
|
| Interacting proteins: P29475 and Q13224 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| Activation of the N methyl D aspartate ( NMDA ) receptor subtype of glutamate receptors results in the influx of calcium which binds calmodulin and activates neuronal nitric oxide synthase ( nNOS ) , to convent L arginine to citrulline and nitric oxide ( NO ) . ^^^ |
|
| Interacting proteins: P29475 and Q13224 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| Calcium influx through NMDA type glutamate receptors is efficiently coupled to nNOS activity , whereas many other intracellular calcium pathways are poorly coupled . ^^^ |
|
| Interacting proteins: P29475 and Q13224 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| Guided by the Asp 10 Val consensus , candidate nNOS interacting proteins have been identified including glutamate and melatonin receptors . ^^^ |
|
| Interacting proteins: P29475 and Q13224 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| However , the sympathoexcitatory effects of glutamate ( 0 . 5 mL , 0 . 1 mol / L ICV ) that were associated with marked increases in BP , CO , and heart rate were potentiated by both nNOS inhibitors . ^^^ These results suggest that modulation of glutamate effects by nNOS derived NO may be an important mechanism by which NO affects sympathetic activity in pigs . . ^^^ |
|
| Interacting proteins: P29475 and Q13224 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| Inhibition of nNOS or guanylyl cyclase activity prevents both the potentiation of glutamate release and formation of the olfactory memory . ^^^ |
|
| Interacting proteins: P29475 and Q13224 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| The distinct NMDA receptor phenotype of these nNOS positive neurons is likely to contribute to both the physiological regulation of NO release by glutamate as well as to NO mediated excitotoxic injury . . ^^^ |
|
| Interacting proteins: P29475 and Q13224 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| However , in the central zone of ischemia , elevations in glutamate and GABA were significantly lower in the nNOS mutants . ^^^ |
|
| Interacting proteins: P29475 and Q13224 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| HMN 1180 was also found to inhibit glutamate stimulated NO production generated by nNOS in the human neuroblastoma cell line SK N MC , thus indicating that it is useful tool for elucidating the physiological role of nNOS in neuronal function . . ^^^ |
|
| Interacting proteins: P29475 and Q13224 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| Besides acetylcholine , glutamate has also been shown to stimulate nNOS , probably acting through N methyl D aspartate receptors , which are colocalized with nNOS at the junctional sarcolemma . ^^^ |
|
| Interacting proteins: P29475 and Q13224 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| The cardiovascular effects of L glutamate , NMDA and AMPA were significantly blocked by prior administration of the neuronal NO synthase ( nNOS ) inhibitor , 7 nitroindazole ( 7 NI , 0 . 5 nmol ) , or by the soluble guanylyl cyclase ( sGC ) inhibitor , 1H [ 1 . 2 . 4 ] oxadiazolo [ 4 , 3 , a ] quinoxalin 1 one ( ODQ , 0 . 03 1 pmol ) . ^^^ |
|
| Interacting proteins: P29475 and Q13224 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| These results suggest that presynaptic effects mediated by NO , possibly synthesized by nNOS , are involved in D1 / D5 induced sustained enhancement of synaptic currents mediated by ionotropic glutamate receptors in the hippocampus . . ^^^ |
|
| Interacting proteins: P29475 and Q13224 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| Nitric oxide ( NO ) biosynthesis in cerebellum is preferentially activated by calcium influx through N methyl D aspartate ( NMDA ) type glutamate receptors , suggesting that there is a specific link between these receptors and neuronal NO synthase ( nNOS ) . ^^^ |
|
| Interacting proteins: P29475 and Q13224 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| Nitroindazole , a selective inhibitor of nNOS , increases hippocampal extracellular glutamate concentration in status epilepticus induced by kainic acid in rats . ^^^ |
|
| Interacting proteins: P29475 and Q13224 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| Glutamate neurotransmission involving N methyl d aspartate ( NMDA ) receptors and neuronal nitric oxide synthase ( nNOS ) activity in part mediates neuronal DNA strand breaks and PARP activity , which are diminished by NMDA antagonists and NOS inhibitors and also diminished in mice with targeted deletion of nNOS gene ( nNOS ( / ) ) . ^^^ An increase in NAD ( + ) levels after treatment with NMDA antagonists or NOS inhibitors , as well as in nNOS ( / ) mice , indicates that basal glutamate PARP activity regulates neuronal energy dynamics . . ^^^ |
|
| Interacting proteins: P29475 and Q13224 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| To relate the role of NO to glutamate receptors ( GluR ) , the distributions of alpha amino 3 hydroxy 5 methyl 4 isoxazolepropionic acid receptor ( AMPAR ) and N methyl d aspartate receptor ( NMDAR ) in the two nuclei were revealed by immunohistochemical techniques . nNOS immunoreactivity was void in ND neurons , but expressed weakly in the RN normally . ^^^ |
|
| Interacting proteins: P29475 and Q13224 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| Double immunostaining revealed that many of the constitutively expressed Zif 268 positive neurons were GABAergic but very few were cholinergic or neuronal nitric oxide synthase ( nNOS ) positive , and some of the Zif 268 positive neurons were also immunopositive for a glutamate NMDA receptor subunit NR 1 or NR2A . ^^^ |
|
| Interacting proteins: P29475 and Q13224 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| We speculate that glutamate excitotoxicity mediated by glutamate receptors 1 , 2 / 3 , and 4 and excessive dopaminergic excitatory activity may play important roles in hypoxic ischemic basal ganglia necrosis and that nNOS does not contribute to that condition . . ^^^ |
|
| Interacting proteins: P29475 and Q13224 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| In the present study , we hypothesized that the expressions of glutamate receptor , NMDA receptors ( NMDAR 1 ) and neuronal nitric oxide synthase ( nNOS ) were colocalized and were also correlated with that of cytochrome oxidase ( CO ) in a subset of neurons . ^^^ |
|
| Interacting proteins: P29475 and Q13224 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| In the model of glutamate excitotoxicity , microdomains of [ Ca2+ ] c are apparently central , as the pathway to cell death seems to require the local activation of neuronal nitric oxide synthase ( nNOS ) , itself held by scaffolding proteins in close association with the NMDA receptor . ^^^ |
|
| Interacting proteins: P29475 and Q13224 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| Recent data suggest that the neuronal isoform of nitric oxide synthase ( nNOS ) and glutamate receptors of the N methyl D aspartate ( NMDA ) type are physically coupled and , hence , functionally interrelated . ^^^ Otherwise , the observed diminution of NMDAR 1 1 splice variant mRNA and protein levels may , at least partially , explain the decreased vulnerability of nNOS alpha ( Delta / Delta ) mice to glutamate mediated neurotoxicity . . ^^^ |
|
| Interacting proteins: P29475 and Q13224 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| Brain nNOS is physiologically present in discrete populations of neurons , which are all excited by glutamate via the ionotropic N methyl D aspartate ( NMDA ) receptor , which controls a Ca2+ channel . ^^^ |
|
| Interacting proteins: P29475 and Q13224 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| Mitochondrial uptake of Ca ( 2+ ) has recently been found to play an important role in glutamate induced neurotoxicity ( GNT ) as well as in the activation of Ca ( 2+ ) dependent molecules , such as calmodulin and neuronal nitric oxide synthase ( nNOS ) , in the cytoplasm . ^^^ Prolonged exposure to glutamate injures motor neurons predominantly through the activation of Ca ( 2+ ) / calmodulin nNOS , as previously reported , and is , in part , associated with the pathogenesis of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis ( ALS ) . ^^^ |
|
| Interacting proteins: P29475 and Q13224 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| Because the production of NO by neuronal NO synthase ( nNOS ) is closely related to the activation of NMDA receptors , the level of NO around nNOS containing synapses reflects the activity of glutamate mediated neurotransmission . ^^^ |
|
| Interacting proteins: P29475 and Q13224 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| Four calmodulin binding proteins were purified [ ryanodine receptor 1 ( RyR 1 ) from rabbit skeletal muscle , neuronal NO synthase ( nNOS ) from Sf 9 cells , G protein betagamma dimers ( Gbetagamma ) from porcine brain and a glutathione S transferase fusion protein comprising the C terminal calmodulin binding domain of the metabotropic glutamate receptor 7A ( GST CmGluR7A ) from bacterial lysates ] . ^^^ |
|
| Interacting proteins: P29475 and Q13224 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| The time course of alteration in neuronal nitric oxide synthase ( nNOS ) and the influence of glutamate receptor antagonists on immunoreactivity of nNOS were investigated immunohistochemically in rat hippocampus during penicillin induced epilepsy . ^^^ |
|
| Interacting proteins: P29475 and Q13224 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| Previously we demonstrated that glutamate and neuronal nitric oxide synthase ( nNOS ) containing neuronal elements are frequently apposed in subnuclei of the rat nucleus tractus solitarii . ^^^ |
|
| Interacting proteins: P29475 and Q13224 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| Such alterations include decreased expression of the glutamate transporter GLT 1 , and increased expression of monoamine oxidase ( MAO A isoform ) , the `` peripheral type ' ' benzodiazepine receptor ( PTBR ) as well as constitutive neuronal nitric oxide synthase ( nNOS ) . ^^^ |
|
| Interacting proteins: P29475 and Q13224 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| Excitotoxic neuronal cell death is characterized by an overactivation of glutamate receptors , in particular of the NMDA subtype , and the stimulation of the neuronal nitric oxide synthase ( nNOS ) , which catalyses the formation of nitric oxide ( NO ) from l arginine ( L Arg ) . ^^^ |
|
| Interacting proteins: P29475 and Q13224 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| Cells cotransfected with NMDA and nNOS were more resistant to glutamate toxicity . ^^^ |
|
| Interacting proteins: P29475 and Q13224 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| Pituitary adenylate cyclase activating polypeptide and vasoactive intestinal peptide attenuate glutamate induced nNOS activation and cytotoxicity . ^^^ |
|
| Interacting proteins: P29475 and Q13224 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| Furthermore , nNOS was found to play an important role in the neurotoxicity of glutamate , iNOS may probably be involved in the neurotoxicity of beta AP ( 1 40 ) . ^^^ |
|
| Interacting proteins: P29475 and Q13224 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| Differential engagements of glutamate and GABA receptors in cardiovascular actions of endogenous nNOS or iNOS at rostral ventrolateral medulla of rats . 1 . ^^^ |
|
| Interacting proteins: P29475 and Q13224 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| The increases in BFcrb produced by superfusion of Crus 2 with glutamate or by systemic administration of harmaline were also attenuated in nNOS / mice ( P < 0 . 05 ) . ^^^ |
|
| Interacting proteins: P29475 and Q13224 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| Distribution of NADPH diaphorase and expression of nNOS , N methyl D aspartate receptor ( NMDAR 1 ) and non NMDA glutamate receptor ( GlutR 2 ) genes in the neurons of the hippocampus after domoic acid induced lesions in adult rats . ^^^ It is speculated that induction of nNOS and glutamate receptor genes in the neurons of the hippocampus in response to DA induced neurotoxicity could have contributed to the neuronal degeneration . . ^^^ |
|
| Interacting proteins: P29475 and Q13224 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| Bilateral microdialysis of a selective nNOS antagonist , 1 ( 2 trifluoromethylphenyl ) imidazole ( 1 . 0 microM ) , for 30 or 60 min into the RVLM potentiated cardiovascular responses and glutamate release during a static muscle contraction . ^^^ In contrast , bilateral application of the nNOS antagonist into CVLM attenuated cardiovascular responses and glutamate release during a static muscle contraction , but augmented GABA release . ^^^ |
|
| Interacting proteins: P29475 and Q13224 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| In some conditions , glutamate induced neuronal death can itself be mediated by N methyl D aspartate ( NMDA ) receptor activation of the neuronal isoform of NO synthase ( nNOS ) causing mitochondrial damage . ^^^ |
|
| Interacting proteins: P29475 and Q13224 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| The mechanisms of MPTP induced neurotoxicity are not yet fully understood but involve activation of N methyl D aspartate ( NMDA ) receptors by glutamate , production of NO by nNOS and iNOS , oxidative injury to DNA , and activation of the DNA damage sensing enzyme poly ( ADP ribose ) polymerase ( PARP ) . ^^^ |
|
| Interacting proteins: P29475 and Q13224 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| The present data support a role for abnormal nNOS activity in mechanisms that trigger seizures and suggest a possible NO mediated interplay between GABA ( A ) and glutamate receptors . ^^^ |
|
| Interacting proteins: P29475 and Q13224 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| In the absence of PSD 93 , PSD 95 still interacted with NR2B and nNOS . ^^^ Under physiological conditions , PSD 95 , nNOS , NR2A , and NR2B were unaltered in the ( / ) pups . ^^^ However , at 24 hours after HI , protein expression of PSD 95 , nNOS , and NR2A but not NR2B was markedly higher in the ( / ) than in the ( + / + ) pups . ^^^ |
|
| Interacting proteins: P29475 and Q13224 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| Previously we reported that glutamate and neuronal nitric oxide synthase ( nNOS ) colocalize in neurons of the nucleus tractus solitarii ( NTS ) . ^^^ Here we test the hypothesis that nNOS colocalizes with vesicular glutamate transporters ( VGluT 1 and VGluT 2 ) in the NTS . ^^^ |
|
| Interacting proteins: P29475 and Q13224 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| Treatment of neurons with 5 microm glutamate stimulated CaMKII phosphorylation of nNOS at Ser ( 847 ) , whereas excitotoxic concentrations of glutamate , 100 and 500 microm , induced Ser ( 847 ) PO ( 4 ) dephosphorylation by protein phosphatase 1 . ^^^ Of particular note , stimulation with low glutamate that increased phosphorylation of nNOS at Ser ( 847 ) could be reversed by subsequent high glutamate treatment which induced dephosphorylation . ^^^ The reversibility of NMDA receptor induced phosphorylation at Ser ( 847 ) by different doses of glutamate suggests two mechanisms with opposite effects : 1 ) . a time dependent negative feedback induced by physiological concentrations of glutamate that limits nNOS activation and precludes the overproduction of NO ; and 2 ) . a pathological stimulation by high concentrations of glutamate that leads to unregulated nNOS activation and production of toxic levels of NO . ^^^ |
|
| Interacting proteins: P29475 and Q13224 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| Glutamate toxicity after activation of N methyl D aspartate ( NMDA ) receptors results from the colocalization of NMDA receptors with neuronal nitric oxide synthase ( nNOS ) . ^^^ |
|
| Interacting proteins: P29475 and Q13224 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| The possible implications of molecular mechanism underlying the neurotoxicity in association with necrosis , apoptosis , nitric oxide synthases ( nNos and iNOS ) and glutamate receptors ( NMDAR 1 and GluR 2 ) related genes and their expression in DA induced neuronal damage in the hippocampus have been discussed . . ^^^ |
|
| Interacting proteins: P29475 and Q13224 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| In order to begin to understand this differential vulnerability we compared mRNA levels of selected genes involved in N methyl D aspartate ( NMDA ) glutamate receptor and calcium ( Ca2+ ) signaling pathways in MSN and nNOS IN from 12 week old R6 / 2 mice , a transgenic mouse model of HD and wild type littermates . ^^^ |
|
| Interacting proteins: P29475 and Q13224 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| In this study , the location of immunoreactivity against neuronal nitric oxide synthase ( nNOS ) , an intracellular mediator of glutamate receptor activation , was examined in the normal human LC , and potential changes in nNOS immunoreactivity that might occur in major depression were evaluated . ^^^ |
|
| Interacting proteins: P29475 and Q13224 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| Only CDs that lowered cholesterol levels redistributed the NMDA receptor NR2B subunit , PSD 95 ( postsynaptic density protein 95 kDa ) and neuronal nitric oxide synthase ( nNOS ) from Triton 10 100 insoluble membrane domains to soluble fractions . ^^^ Cholesterol repletion counteracted the ability of methylated beta CD to protect against NMDA toxicity , and reversed NR2B , PSD 95 and nNOS localization to Triton 10 100 insoluble membrane fraction . ^^^ |
|
| Interacting proteins: P29475 and Q13224 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| Earlier we reported that glutamate transporter ( VGLUT ) 2 and neuronal nitric oxide synthase ( nNOS ) are colocalized in some fibers and are present in apposing fibers in the nucleus tractus solitarii ( NTS ) . ^^^ |
|
| Interacting proteins: P29475 and Q13224 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| Low levels of the intracellular mediator of glutamate receptor activation , neuronal nitric oxide synthase ( nNOS ) were previously observed in locus coeruleus ( LC ) from subjects diagnosed with major depression . ^^^ |
|
| Interacting proteins: P29475 and Q13224 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| In addition , using similar triple staining method , we noted that fibers of activated neurons containing nNOS in the elPBN co localized with vesicular glutamate transporter 2 following BK stimulation . ^^^ |
|
| Interacting proteins: P29475 and Q13224 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| We recently demonstrated that continuous production of nitric oxide ( NO ) by neuronal NO synthase ( nNOS ) following phosphorylation of myristoylated alanine rich C kinase substrate ( MARCKS ) and NMDA receptor NR2B subunits is essential for neuropathic pain . ^^^ |
|
| Interacting proteins: P29475 and Q13224 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| One factor involves excitatory amino acid stimulation of N methyl D aspartate ( NMDA ) type glutamate receptors , excessive Ca2+ influx , and formation of nitric oxide ( NO ) via neuronal NO synthase ( nNOS ) . ^^^ |
|
| Interacting proteins: P29475 and Q13224 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| The mRNA and protein expression of endothelial , neuronal , and inducible nitric oxide synthase ( eNOS , nNOS , and iNOS , respectively ) , hypoxia inducible factor 1alpha ( HIF 1alpha ) , vascular endothelial growth factor ( VEGF ) , N methyl D aspartate receptor subunit 1 ( NMDAR 1 ) , and alpha amino 3 hydroxy 5 methyl 4 isoxazole propionic acid glutamate ( AMPA GluR 2 and GluR 3 ) receptors in the retina was determined by real time RT PCR , Western blot analysis , and immunohistochemistry . ^^^ |
|
| Interacting proteins: P29475 and Q13224 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| Glutamate N methyl d aspartate ( NMDA ) receptors and the enzyme neuronal nitric oxide synthase ( nNOS ) are significantly expressed in the midbrain dorsolateral periaqueductal gray ( dlPAG ) . ^^^ |
|
| Interacting proteins: P29475 and Q13224 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| Our previous studies have demonstrated the roles of nNOS and eNOS within the rostral ( RVLM ) and caudal ventrolateral medulla ( CVLM ) in modulating cardiovascular responses during static skeletal muscle contraction via altering localized glutamate and GABA levels ( Brain Res . 977 ( 2003 ) 80 89 ; Neuroscience Res . 52 ( 2005 ) 21 30 ) . ^^^ |
|
| Interacting proteins: P29475 and Q13224 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| Studies have implicated glutamate and nitric oxide in transmission of baroreflex signals ; therefore , we tested the hypothesis that ADN neurons contain either vesicular glutamate transporters ( VGLUTs ) or neuronal nitric oxide synthase ( nNOS ) or both . ^^^ |
|
| Interacting proteins: P29475 and Q13224 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| Using electron microscopic double labeling immunocytochemistry for NOS combined with GABA or glutamate , we find that all NOS positive terminals in this region also contain GABA but are not enriched in glutamate . ^^^ |
|
| Interacting proteins: P29475 and Q13224 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| Further evidence for the regional diversity of NOS positive neurons is derived from the expression analysis of glutamate decarboxylase ( GAD ) 65 and 67 mRNAs . ^^^ The relative resistance of NOS positive interneurons in neurodegenerative diseases suggests that glutamate receptor mediated Ca2+ influx alone does not suffice to explain neuronal vulnerability , and additional factors have thus to be considered . . ^^^ |
|
| Interacting proteins: P29475 and Q13224 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| NO mediates glutamate neurotoxicity as inhibitors of NOS prevent neuronal death . ^^^ |
|
| Interacting proteins: P29475 and Q13224 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| Of the various agents tested , only glutamate , depolarization with KCl and the calcium ionophore ionomycin stimulated nitric oxide synthase ( NOS ) activity . ^^^ Characterization of the glutamate response revealed that the ionotropic glutamate receptor agonists N methyl D aspartate ( NMDA ) , kainate and alpha amino 3 hydroxy 5 methyl 4 isoxalone propionic all stimulated NOS activity with a relative maximal efficacy of NMDA > kainate > alpha amino 3 hydroxy 5 methyl 4 isoxalone propionic . ^^^ |
|
| Interacting proteins: P29475 and Q13224 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| It is concluded that NOS can be activated by NMDA binding to a classic NMDA glutamate receptor subtype as well as by depolarization or other agents that increase the influx of extracellular Ca2+ . ^^^ |
|
| Interacting proteins: P29475 and Q13224 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| CONCLUSIONS : NOS inhibition did not attenuate extracellular glutamate accumulation during ischemia and increased its concentration on reperfusion . ^^^ |
|
| Interacting proteins: P29475 and Q13224 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| These results suggest that metabotropic glutamate receptor activates NOS through PKC . ^^^ |
|
| Interacting proteins: P29475 and Q13224 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| Neuroprotective sigma ligands interfere with the glutamate activated NOS pathway in hippocampal cell culture . ^^^ We studied neuroprotective properties of 12 structurally different sigma site ligands in primary rat hippocampal cell cultures and analyzed whether they interfere with glutamate induced activation of the nitric oxide synthase ( NOS ) pathway . ^^^ Interference of the drugs with glutamate activation of the NOS pathway was determined by measuring glutamate activated cGMP formation and citrulline levels . ^^^ We conclude that some but not all sigma ligands exert long term protective properties against glutamate induced neurotoxicity in primary hippocampal cultures , and that this protection is accompanied by attenuation of cGMP formation in the NOS pathway . ^^^ |
|
| Interacting proteins: P29475 and Q13224 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| Reduction or elimination of nitric oxide ( NO ) production in cortical neurons by NO synthase ( NOS ) inhibitors during glutamate toxicity in vitro or during focal cerebral ischemia in vivo can prevent neuronal cell death . ^^^ |
|
| Interacting proteins: P29475 and Q13224 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| Indirect evidence suggests that glutamate , acting through the NMDA subtype of excitatory amino acid receptor , is the principle activator signal for NOS in the brain . ^^^ |
|
| Interacting proteins: P29475 and Q13224 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| The effects of nitric oxide synthase ( NOS ) inhibition on extracellular glutamate release were investigated in rats during global brain ischemia and reperfusion ( IR ) using cerebral microdialysis . ^^^ The data show that the NOS inhibitor did not prevent glutamate release from hippocampus during ischemia . ^^^ Inhibition of NOS also enhanced glutamate release during reperfusion resulting in dialysate concentrations up to 10 times higher than control values . . ^^^ |
|
| Interacting proteins: P29475 and Q13224 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| Topical application of 10 ( 4 ) mol / L NG nitro L arginine ( L NNA ) , which inhibited NOS activity by 93 % , blocked the arteriolar dilation to glutamate or NMDA . ^^^ |
|
| Interacting proteins: P29475 and Q13224 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| They also suggest that hypothalamic NOS neurons are targets for glutamate regulation as evidenced by co localization of the NMDA R 1 receptor subunit . . ^^^ |
|
| Interacting proteins: P29475 and Q13224 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| We have now used neurotrophic factors ( BDNF , NT 4 / 5 , NT 3 , NGF , LIF ) , glutamate receptor antagonists ( MK 801 , DNQX , CNQX ) , an antioxidant ( N ace tyl L cysteine ) , and an NOS inhibitor ( L NAME ) to determine whether the early and late phases of lesion induced RGC death involved similar or different mechanisms . ^^^ The early increase is related to excitotoxic effects mediated by glutamate receptors and involves NOS and the production of free radicals . ^^^ |
|
| Interacting proteins: P29475 and Q13224 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| The concomitant addition of an inhibitor of NOS , Nomega nitro L arginine ( 300 microM ) , with glutamate or NMDA reduced cell death by 70 % . ^^^ |
|
| Interacting proteins: P29475 and Q13224 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| On the contrary , ATP and glutamate treatment of astrocytes prior to a combination of interleukin 1 beta and interferon gamma markedly reduced ( 30 50 % ) subsequent NOS mRNA expression . ^^^ The effect was not seen if treatment coincided with or followed cytokine activation , suggesting that ATP and glutamate were not destabilizing NOS mRNA . ^^^ These results suggest that exposure of astrocytes to ATP and glutamate , both of which increase markedly in a variety of neuropathologies , could modulate the subsequent responsiveness of these cells to NOS inducing stimuli . ^^^ |
|
| Interacting proteins: P29475 and Q13224 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| In dentate gyrus , the NMDA induced glutamate release was inhibited non significantly by tetrodotoxin , whereas the NO synthase ( NOS ) inhibitor NG nitro L arginine ( L NNA ) blocked the NMDA induced release of glutamate in a concentration dependent manner , but not a high K ( + ) evoked release of glutamate . ^^^ In addition , the L NNA blockade of NMDA induced release of glutamate was recovered by pretreatment with L arginine , the normal substrate for NOS . ^^^ Taken together , the NMDA receptor mediated neuronal release of glutamate from the guinea pig dentate gyrus likely involves the recruitment of NOS activity . . ^^^ |
|
| Interacting proteins: P29475 and Q13224 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| The enzyme nitric oxide synthase ( NOS ) present in neurons is activated by Ca2+ influx associated with activation of glutamate receptors . ^^^ |
|
| Interacting proteins: P29475 and Q13224 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| However , since the higher dose of L NNA did not affect the glutamate concentration , it appears that the effect of nitric oxide on extracellular glutamate concentration in forebrain ischemia differs , depending on the degree of the inhibition of NOS activity . . ^^^ |
|
| Interacting proteins: P29475 and Q13224 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| Behavioral and electrophysiological evidence indicates that the biological clock in the hypothalamic suprachiasmatic nuclei ( SCN ) can be reset at night through release of glutamate from the retinohypothalamic tract and subsequent activation of nitric oxide synthase ( NOS ) . ^^^ |
|
| Interacting proteins: P29475 and Q13224 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| Among them : biosynthesis , regulation and localization of corresponding enzymes ( NOS , GO 2 ) and also cGMP in discrete populations of neurons ; interrelationship between glutamate , NMDA receptors , NO and CO ; the role of NO and CO in different physiological and pathological processes in the nervous system , etc . ^^^ |
|
| Interacting proteins: P29475 and Q13224 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| We wished to examine the development of retinal susceptibility to glutamate toxicity as well as the protective effects of two N methyl D aspartate ( NMDA ) antagonists , 2 amino 5 phosphono 5 valeric acid ( APV ) and dextromethorphan ( Dex ) , and the nitric oxide synthase ( NOS ) inhibitor , NG methyl L arginine ( metARG ) . ^^^ |
|
| Interacting proteins: P29475 and Q13224 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| Using an in vitro primary cell culture model in which cortical neurons undergo a gradual and delayed neuronal death after a brief ( 5 min ) challenge with glutamate receptor agonist N methyl D aspartate ( NMDA , 300 microM ) , the neuroprotective effects of various nitric oxide synthases ( NOS ) inhibitors were compared with that of the NMDA receptor antagonist dizocilpine maleate ( MK 801 ) . ^^^ |
|
| Interacting proteins: P29475 and Q13224 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| These findings together with the previous observations that the glutamate neurotransmitter acting through NMDA receptors located on NOS immunopositive cells stimulates cGMP / NO efflux and plasma LH selectively in intact rats document the existence of a dual control comprised of the excitatory NMDA and the inhibitory mu opiate receptors in modulating cGMP / NO release , a response also directed by gonadal steroids . ^^^ |
|
| Interacting proteins: P29475 and Q13224 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| Recent studies suggest the involvement of the N methyl D aspartate ( NMDA ) type of glutamate receptors and nitric oxide synthase ( NOS ) in the process of increased sensitivity to the convulsive effect of cocaine ( `` cocaine kindling ' ' ) . ^^^ |
|
| Interacting proteins: P29475 and Q13224 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| Local infusion of the competitive inhibitors of NO synthase ( NOS ) , N ( G ) nitro L arginine methyl ester ( L NAME ) or N ( G ) monomethyl L arginine ( L NMMA ) ( both at concentrations 0 . 1 , 0 . 25 , 0 . 5 or 1 mM ) caused the concentration dependent inhibition of the glutamate response to 0 . 5 mM NMDA . ^^^ This effect of NOS inhibition was stereospecific , inasmuch as N ( G ) nitro D arginine methyl ester ( D NAME ) ( 0 . 5 or 1 mM ) failed to affect NMDA induced glutamate release . ^^^ |
|
| Interacting proteins: P29475 and Q13224 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| Because glutamate mediates the transmission of photic signals from retinal ganglion cell axons to the suprachiasmatic nucleus ( SCN ) circadian pacemaker , and because pharmacological treatments which block NO production by NO synthase ( NOS ) inhibit light induced pacemaker phase resetting , it has been proposed that NO is involved in circadian light signaling in the SCN . ^^^ |
|
| Interacting proteins: P29475 and Q13224 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| Electrical stimulation of cerebellar parallel fibers ( PF ) increases cerebellar blood flow ( BFcrb ) , a response that is attenuated by glutamate receptor antagonists and NO synthase ( NOS ) inhibitors . ^^^ |
|
| Interacting proteins: P29475 and Q13224 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| Pretreatment of astrocytes with either glutamate or ATP , acting via specific receptors , suppresses subsequent cytokine induced expression of type 2 nitric oxide synthase ( NOS ) . ^^^ The modulation of proinflammatory cytokine evoked type 2 NOS expression by ATP and glutamate may play an important role in CNS pathologies associated with stroke and trauma . . ^^^ |
|
| Interacting proteins: P29475 and Q13224 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| The current study investigated the effects of the nitric oxide synthase ( NOS ) substrate , N ( G ) hydroxy L arginine ( H ARG ) and the selective glutamate ( GLU ) reuptake inhibitor ( 2S ) trans pyrrolidine 2 , 4 dicarboxylic acid ( PDC ) on striatal dopamine ( DA ) and glutamate ( GLU ) efflux in vivo . ^^^ |
|
| Interacting proteins: P29475 and Q13224 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| Using nitric oxide synthase ( NOS ) and glutamate receptor subunit 1 ( GluR 1 ) immunohistochemistry , the present study demonstrated changes in the expression of NOS and GluR 1 in the hypoglossal ( HN ) and dorsal vagal nucleus ( DVN ) after neurectomy . ^^^ |
|
| Interacting proteins: P29475 and Q13224 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| Increased striatal zif 268 was dependent mainly on DA D 1 and to a lesser extent on non NMDA glutamate receptors and was not altered by inhibition of nitric oxide synthase ( NOS ) . ^^^ |
|
| Interacting proteins: P29475 and Q13224 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| Cells expressing c fos and reactive for glutamate , neuropeptide Y or NADPH diaphorase ( or NOS ) were only rarely seen , and co localization of c Fos and somatostatin immunoreactivities was not seen . ^^^ |
|
| Interacting proteins: P29475 and Q13224 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| PURPOSE : Nitric oxide synthase ( NOS ) plays an essential role in neuronal function and is critical in the brain for normal and pathologic responses to glutamate . ^^^ |
|
| Interacting proteins: P29475 and Q13224 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| The findings show that binding to the kainate receptor , in contrast to the other ionotropic glutamate receptors , is not affected by NO and strongly suggest that endogenous NO produced by NO synthase ( NOS ) does not modulate kainate receptors in vivo . ^^^ Mechanisms whereby NOS inhibitors potentiate kainic acid induced seizures in animal models may include altered modulation of glutamate N methyl D aspartate ( NMDA ) receptors . . ^^^ |
|
| Interacting proteins: P29475 and Q13224 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| The reversal of KCl evoked NOS activity by NS 7 was also observed under blockade of both ionotropic glutamate receptors and the Na+ channel with MK 801 , 6 cyano 7 nitroquinoxaline 2 , 3 dione , and tetrodotoxin . ^^^ |
|
| Interacting proteins: P29475 and Q13224 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| Glutamate , aspartate , N methyl D aspartate receptor ( NMDAR 1 and 2 subunits ) , and nitric oxide synthase ( NOS ) immunoreactive neurons were studied in the arcuate nucleus ( AN ) of mice treated neonatally with monosodium glutamate ( MSG ) which is known to cause extensive neuronal loss in this hypothalamic nucleus . ^^^ In contrast , NOS immunoreactive neurons in the AN survived the neonatal glutamate treatment , although they appeared to be less intensely stained . . ^^^ |
|
| Interacting proteins: P29475 and Q13224 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| Administration of a glutamate ( NMDA ) receptor antagonist ( MK 801 , 0 . 2 mg / kg ) abolished the naloxone induced increase in NOS activity in the POA and MBH , with a corresponding block of the naloxone induced LH release . ^^^ |
|
| Interacting proteins: P29475 and Q13224 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| We have investigated the influence of the nitric oxide synthase ( NOS ) substrate , NG hydroxy L arginine ( H ARG ) on dopamine ( DA ) and glutamate ( GLU ) efflux in vivo using concentric microdialysis probes implanted in the anterior medial striatum of chloral hydrate anesthetized rats . ^^^ |
|
| Interacting proteins: P29475 and Q13224 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| The fact that induction of high levels of NOS activity are detected in glial cells after a lesion to the hippocampus could be accounted for by the sensitivity of this structure to a high release of glutamate . . ^^^ |
|
| Interacting proteins: P29475 and Q13224 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| Activation of NMDA , non NMDA or metabotropic glutamate receptors causes NO formation through NOS activation . ^^^ From data obtained in experiments performed by microdialysis together with nitrate assay , we have proposed that NO production in the cerebellum following non NMDA and metabotropic glutamate receptor activation may be independent of NOS activity , while NMDA receptor mediated NO production depends on its activity . ^^^ |
|
| Interacting proteins: P29475 and Q13224 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| NO ) synthase ( NOS ) inhibitor Nomega nitro L arginine methyl ester ( NAME ; 1 mM ) or by the N methyl D aspartate ( NMDA ) glutamate subtype receptor antagonist D ( ) 2 amino 5 phosphonopentanoate ( APV ; 0 . 1 mM ) . ^^^ |
|
| Interacting proteins: P29475 and Q13224 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| CONCLUSION : FK 506 protected against glutamate neurotoxicity by inhibiting NOS activity in cultured retinal neurons . . ^^^ |
|
| Interacting proteins: P29475 and Q13224 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| In the present study , the effects of melatonin and four synthetic kynurenines were studied on the activity of rat striatal nitric oxide synthase ( NOS ) and on the response of rat striatal neurons to sensorimotor cortex ( SMCx ) stimulation , a glutamate mediated response . ^^^ Melatonin inhibited both NOS activity and the striatal glutamate response , and these effects were dose related . ^^^ Compound D ( 2 butyramide 4 ( 2 amino 5 methoxyphenyl ) 4 oxobutyric acid ) showed potent inhibitory effects on both NOS activity and striatal glutamate mediated response . ^^^ |
|
| Interacting proteins: P29475 and Q13224 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| However , whereas sympathoexcitatory responses to glutamate ( 0 . 5 mL , 0 . 1 mol / L , i . c . v . ) or electrical stimulation of somatic nerve afferents were significantly potentiated by central NOS inhibition and attenuated by NO donors in controls , these treatments no longer had significant effects in ISDN treated pigs . ^^^ |
|
| Interacting proteins: P29475 and Q13224 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| Subsequently , neurons were immunostained with antibodies against glutamate , glutamic acid decarboxylase ( GAD 67 ) , parvalbumin , neuropeptide Y ( NPY ) , somatostatin ( SRIF ) , or nitric oxide synthase ( NOS ) . ^^^ |
|
| Interacting proteins: P29475 and Q13224 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| In addition , simultaneous delivery of NGF prevented significant increases in NOS activity triggered by the glutamate receptor agonists N methyl D aspartate ( NMDA ) and alpha amino 3 hydroxy 5 methyl 4 isoxazolepropionic acid ( AMPA ) . ^^^ Rapid suppression by NGF of basal and glutamate stimulated NOS activity may regulate neuromodulatory functions of NO or protect neurons from NO toxicity and suggests a novel mechanism for rapidly mediating functions of NGF and other neurotrophins . . ^^^ |
|
| Interacting proteins: P29475 and Q13224 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| Glutamate increased cG IR in the inner retina , presumably by stimulating endogenous NO release , whereas NOS inhibitors or GABA and glycine decreased cG IR in bipolar cells by reducing NO release . ^^^ In somata , inner segments and spherules of rod photoreceptors the situation was reversed . cG IR was undetectable in the presence of NO donors or glutamate , was moderate in IBMX treated retinae , but increased strongly in the presence of NOS inhibitors or GABA / glycine . ^^^ |
|
| Interacting proteins: P29475 and Q13224 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| Activation of N methyl D aspartate ( NMDA ) , non NMDA or metabotropic glutamate receptor ( mGluR ) causes NO formation through NOS activation . ^^^ |
|
| Interacting proteins: P29475 and Q13224 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| We tested the hypothesis that stimulation of ionotropic glutamate receptors in turtle retina would result in increases in cGMP through an NOS / NO / cGMP pathway . ^^^ Differences between the agonist evoked increases of retinal cGMP LI suggest that there can be specificity in the activation of the NOS / NO / cGMP signal transduction pathway by glutamate . ^^^ |
|
| Interacting proteins: P29475 and Q13224 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| The effects of ischemia on the activity of NOS 1 , a Ca2+ dependent enzyme , are thought to be secondary to reversal of glutamate reuptake at synapses , activation of NMDA receptors , and resulting elevation of intracellular Ca2+ . ^^^ |
|
| Interacting proteins: P29475 and Q13224 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| This effect was attenuated by pretreatment with the NMDA receptor antagonist MK 801 ( 100 nmol ) , the cyclooxygenase 2 ( COX 2 ) inhibitor 5 , 5 dimethyl 3 ( 3 flourophenyl ) 4 ( 4 methylsulphonyl ) phenyl 2 ( 5H ) furanone DFU ; 200 nmol ) and the nitric oxide synthase ( NOS ) inhibitor N ( G ) nitro L arginine methyl ester ( L NAME ; 2 micromol ) , but not by the metabotropic glutamate receptor antagonist ( S ) alpha methyl 4 carboxyphenylglycine ( MCPG ; 200 nmol 2 micromol ) or the non NMDA receptor antagonist 6 , 7 dinitroquinoxaline 2 , 3 dione ( DNQX ; 200 nmol 1 micromol ) . ^^^ |
|
| Interacting proteins: P29475 and Q13224 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| Glutamate is an excitatory amino acid and its excessive release can cause intracellular calcium influx , activation of calcium dependent enzymes such as nitric oxide ( NO ) synthase ( NOS ) , and production of toxic oxygen radicals . ^^^ |
|
| Interacting proteins: P29475 and Q13224 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| Moreover , we have found that glutamate alone could trigger the induction process , as shown by the appearance of a Ca ( 2+ ) independent NOS activity and by the detection of iNOS mRNA and protein in slices exposed to glutamate . ^^^ |
|
| Interacting proteins: P29475 and Q13224 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| Thus , binding of arginine analogues to NOS particularly relies on strong interactions of their delta NH and omega NH ( 2 ) groups with glutamate 371 ( of NOS 2 ) , whereas binding of C=NOH molecules to RLA is mainly based on interactions of their terminal OH group with the binuclear Mn ( 2 ) . ^^^ |
|
| Interacting proteins: P29475 and Q13224 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| Antagonists of glutamate receptors of the N methyl d aspartate subclass ( NMDAR ) or inhibitors of nitric oxide synthase ( NOS ) prevent nervous system plasticity . ^^^ |
|
| Interacting proteins: P29475 and Q13224 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| On the other hand , nitric oxide synthase ( NOS ) inhibitor attenuated the cardiovascular effects of glutamate . ^^^ Furthermore , the glutamate level was reduced to 61 % of basal value by perfusion with the NOS inhibitor , N ( G ) monomethyl L arginine ( L NMMA ) . ^^^ |
|
| Interacting proteins: P29475 and Q13224 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| Although preliminary , data to date suggest that glutamate neurotransmission may be related to these beneficial effects of NOS inhibitors on signs of withdrawal . ^^^ |
|
| Interacting proteins: P29475 and Q13224 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| Microinjection of N ( G ) nitro L arginine methyl ester ( L NAME ) , a NOS inhibitor , into the DM or RVLM did not alter resting BP and VNA , but it did cause a dose dependent attenuation of glutamate induced pressor responses . ^^^ |
|
| Interacting proteins: P29475 and Q13224 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| From these results , we suggest that glutamate receptor mediated NOS activation would trigger MPT pore opening and transient inhibition of ATP synthesis leading to apoptosis in a neuronal subpopulation , whereas other groups of neurons would undergo oxidative stress and persistent inhibition of ATP synthesis leading to necrosis . . ^^^ |
|
| Interacting proteins: P29475 and Q13224 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| Nitric oxide synthase positive neurons in the rat superior colliculus : colocalization of NOS with NMDAR 1 glutamate receptor , GABA , and parvalbumin . ^^^ |
|
| Interacting proteins: P29475 and Q13224 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| The depression in cortical excitability that accompanies spreading acidification occurred in the presence of AMPA and metabotropic glutamate receptor antagonists and NOS inhibitors . ^^^ |
|
| Interacting proteins: P29475 and Q13224 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| Slow EPSPs evoked electrically or by distension in NOS immunoreactive descending interneurones were resistant to blockade of NK ( 1 ) or NK ( 3 ) tachykinin receptors ( SR 140333 , 100 nM ; SR 142801 , 100 nM , respectively ) and group 1 metabotropic glutamate receptors ( PHCCC , 10 30 microM ) , when the antagonists were applied in the recording chamber of a two chambered organ bath . ^^^ |
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| Interacting proteins: P29475 and Q13224 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| The effect of nitric oxide synthase ( NOS ) inhibitors on the brain production of endogenous glutamate receptor antagonist , kynurenic acid , was estimated in vitro . ^^^ |
|
| Interacting proteins: P29475 and Q13224 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| The over stimulation of glutamate receptors may also favour nitric oxide ( NO ) formation by activation of NO synthase ( NOS ) , and NO has been implicated in the pathogenesis of several CNS diseases . ^^^ Hyperammonemia could induce the formation of inducible NOS in astroglial cells , with the consequent NO formation , deactivation of GS and dawn regulation of glutamate uptake . ^^^ |
|
| Interacting proteins: P29475 and Q13224 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| However , since these data reflect effects on basal NOS activity , we believe that serotonergic antidepressants do not directly affect NOS at dosages used clinically , but the findings may reflect a secondary action of antidepressants on the glutamate NMDA receptor following their primary inhibitory action at the 5 HT transporter . . ^^^ |
|
| Interacting proteins: P29475 and Q13224 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| Real time PCR data revealed that striatal NOS interneurons express the mRNAs encoding NR 1 , NR2A , NR2B , and NR2D but not NR2C . ^^^ |
|
| Interacting proteins: P29475 and Q13224 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| Resting non quantal acetylcholine ( ACh ) and probably glutamate ( Glu ) release from nerve endings activates M 1 and NMDA receptor mediated Ca2+ entry into the sarcoplasm with following activation of NOS and production of NO . ^^^ |
|
| Interacting proteins: P29475 and Q13224 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| PURPOSE : Correlation between pentylenetetrazol ( PTZ ) induced kindling and the cortical nitric oxide synthase ( NOS ) , intracellular calcium [ Ca2+ ] 1 , glutamate , and free radicals was studied in mice , as well as the modulatory action of nifedipine and taurine on these parameters . ^^^ |
|
| Interacting proteins: P29475 and Q13224 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| The glutamate N methyl D aspartate ( NMDA ) receptor nitric oxide synthase ( NOS ) cGMP signal transduction system plays key neurotrophic and intercellular communication roles in the hippocampus . ^^^ In the guinea pig , chronic prenatal ethanol exposure ( CPEE ) , via maternal ethanol administration , suppresses the hippocampal glutamate NMDA receptor NOS pathway in the near term fetus and decreases stimulated glutamate release in the hippocampus of young postnatal offspring , with no effect on NMDA receptor number or NOS activity . ^^^ |
|
| Interacting proteins: P29475 and Q13224 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| Resting non quantal acetylcholine ( ACh ) and probably glutamate ( Glu ) release from nerve endings activates M 1 and NMDA receptor mediated Ca2+ entry into the sarcoplasm with following activation of NOS and production of NO . ^^^ |
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| Interacting proteins: P29475 and Q13224 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| Accordingly , calcium dependent NOS activity and both intracellular nitrite levels and nitrotyrosine immunoreactivity after glutamate stimulation were higher in serum deprived astrocytes than in cells grown in SCM . ^^^ |
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| Interacting proteins: P29475 and Q13224 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| This study tested the hypothesis that prenatal ethanol exposure ( PEE ) during the brain growth spurt ( BGS ) in the guinea pig suppresses the glutamate NMDA receptor nitric oxide synthase ( NOS ) signaling system in the developing hippocampus . ^^^ This BGS PEE regimen did not affect hippocampal stimulated glutamate release in young postnatal offspring , NMDA receptors as assessed by [ 3H ] MK 801 binding , or NOS activity in near term fetal offspring . ^^^ These findings are in contrast to the effects of chronic prenatal exposure to this ethanol regimen throughout gestation , including suppression of the hippocampal glutamate NMDA receptor NOS signaling system , decreased number of hippocampal CA 1 pyramidal cells , increased spontaneous locomotor activity , and impaired performance in the Morris water maze . . ^^^ |
|
| Interacting proteins: P29475 and Q13224 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| Significant receptor internalization of mGluR 8 was observed on activation , and localization to membrane was observed on blocking with the mGluR 3 antagonist ( RS ) cyclopropyl 4 phosphonophenylglycine ( CPPG ) . mGluR 8 positive myenteric neurons contained glutamate or nitric oxide synthase ( NOS ) , a marker of inhibitory motorneurons . ^^^ |
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| Interacting proteins: P29475 and Q13224 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| Biochemical analysis on enzymatic activities has shown that dopamine or cAMP ( which is generated through D 1 receptor stimulation ) inhibits glutamate induced NOS activation . ^^^ These results suggest that dopamine inhibits glutamate induced NOS activation via D 1 receptor , resulting in the protection of retinal neurons . . ^^^ |
|
| Interacting proteins: P29475 and Q13224 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| PURPOSE : To evaluate factors involved in global forebrain ischemia reperfusion , the effects of the systemically administered NOS inhibitor , N ( G ) nitro L arginine methyl ester ( L NAME ) , on changes in extracellular glutamate and cerebral blood flow ( CBF ) were studied during the early period of global forebrain ischemia reperfusion , simultaneously measuring the glutamate released in the rat forebrain cortex and cortical CBF . ^^^ |
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| Interacting proteins: P29475 and Q13224 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| In comparison with age matched control rats , a correlated decreasing expression of nitric oxide synthase ( NOS ) , glutamate and NMDAR 1 was observed in the Purkinje cells of lobules 6 8 6 h after the treatment . ^^^ |
|
| Interacting proteins: P29475 and Q13224 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| These receptors have an important role in glutamate neurotoxicity and are in general coupled with the generation of nitric oxide ( NO ) through the activation of neuronal nitric oxide synthase ( NOS ) . ^^^ |
|
| Interacting proteins: P29475 and Q13224 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| Tracer labelled sections were then doubly labelled with antibodies to glutamate ( Glu ) , nitric oxide synthase ( NOS ) , parvalbumin ( Pv ) , or glutamic acid decarboxylase ( GAD ; the latter two are markers for GABAergic cells ) ; these neurochemicals characterise most types of ZI cells . ^^^ |
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| Interacting proteins: P29475 and Q13224 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| In many systems , including primary cultures of cerebellar neurons , glutamate neurotoxicity is mainly mediated by excessive activation of NMDA receptors , leading to increased intracellular calcium which binds to calmodulin and activates neuronal nitric oxide synthase ( NOS ) , increasing nitric oxide ( NO ) which in turn activates guanylate cyclase and increases cGMP . ^^^ Inhibition of NOS prevents glutamate neurotoxicity , indicating that NO mediates glutamate induced neuronal death in this system . ^^^ |
|
| Interacting proteins: P29475 and Q13224 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| The glutamate receptor agonist NMDA did not alter extracellular cGMP either in absence or presence of IBMX . cGMP was not augmented when NMDA was co infused with the NOS substrate L arginine , the glycine site agonist d serine or the glutamate receptor agonist AMPA . ^^^ |
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| Interacting proteins: P29475 and Q13224 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| Control compounds were aminoguanidine and 7 nitroindazole , known inhibitors of the three isoforms ( 1 , e , n ) of nitric oxide synthase ( NOS ) , and arcaine , a known inhibitor of the glutamate NMDA receptor . ^^^ |
|
| Interacting proteins: P29475 and Q13224 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| The inhibitor of nitric oxide synthase ( NOS ) , N ( omega ) propyl L arginine ( p ARG , 50 nA ) was applied iontophoretically to 17 neurons during stimulation of SSS and to 10 neurons during pulsatile glutamate ejection . ^^^ |
|
| Interacting proteins: P29475 and Q13224 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| N ( G ) nitro l arginine emthyl ( l NAME ) ( 1 mol L ( 1 ) , 100 nL ) , the nitric oxide synthase ( NOS ) inhibitor , reversed the excitatory effect of glutamate on gallbladder motility . ^^^ |
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| Interacting proteins: P29475 and Q13224 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| The roles of cyclooxygenase ( COX ) isoforms , nitric oxide synthase ( NOS ) isoforms , and glutamate receptor gated Ca2+ channeling were examined by incubating the bones in the presence of each of their specific inhibitors . ^^^ |
|
| Interacting proteins: P29475 and Q13224 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| Glutamate increased nitric oxide ( NO ) synthase ( NOS ) activity and inducible NOS expression in anterior pituitary cells . ^^^ N methyl l arginine ( NMMA , 0 . 5 mm ) , a NOS inhibitor , potentiated the apoptotic effect of glutamate in anterior pituitary cells , indicating that NO may restrain glutamate induced apoptosis . ^^^ |
|
| Interacting proteins: P29475 and Q13224 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| Incubation with the nitric oxide synthase ( NOS ) inhibitor N nitro L arginine methyl ester ( L NAME ) elicited 40 and 60 % reductions in the basal release of glutamate and arginine , respectively . ^^^ |
|
| Interacting proteins: P29475 and Q13224 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| MK 801 was not synergistic to L NAME ( NOS inhibitor ) , suggesting that glutamate stimulates the NMDA NOS pathway to activate alpha 2 , 3 Na+K+ ATPase in rat striatum . ^^^ |
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| Interacting proteins: P29475 and Q13224 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| In the present study , we examined the role of xanthine oxidase ( XO ) , nitric oxide synthase ( NOS ) and phospholipase A ( 2 ) ( PLA ( 2 ) ) in glutamate induced oxidative stress in rat cortical slices . ^^^ Glutamate induced ROS formation and mitochondrial depolarization were measured in rat cortical slices in presence of allopurinol , L NAME and 4 bromophenacylbromide , the specific inhibitors of XO , NOS and PLA ( 2 ) , respectively . ^^^ The inhibition in ROS formation as well as mitochondrial depolarization by allopurinol , L NAME and 4 bromophenacylbromide clearly suggests that the activation of XO , NOS and PLA ( 2 ) by calcium during glutamate receptor stimulation may release some chemicals which depolarize mitochondria resulting in ROS formation . . ^^^ |
|
| Interacting proteins: P29475 and Q13224 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| The effects of L glutamate on NOS activity and [ Ca ( 2+ ) ] ( 1 ) in marrow stromal cells were abolished by a group 3 mGluR inhibitor , ( S ) 2 amino 2 methyl 4 phosphonobutyric acid . ^^^ |
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| Interacting proteins: P29475 and Q13224 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| In this study , the inhibition of N methyl D aspartate ( NMDA ) receptor and nitric oxide synthase ( NOS ) along with the effect of 17beta estradiol ( 17beta E 2 ) and a more potent antioxidant Delta 8 , 17beta estradiol ( Delta 8 , 17beta E 2 ) on cell viability and intracellular Ca2+ ( [ Ca2+ ] 1 ) , following treatment of rat cortical cells with glutamate , was investigated . ^^^ CONCLUSION : Glutamate induced cell death in cortical cultures can occur through NMDAR and NOS linked mechanisms by increasing nitric oxide and ONOO . ^^^ Whether the decrease in NOS related products such as ONOO , is a mechanism by which estrogens protect against glutamate toxicity , remains to be investigated . ^^^ |
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| Interacting proteins: P29475 and Q13224 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| Although inhibition of nitric oxide synthase ( NOS ) with N ( omega ) nitro l arginine ( l NNA ) did not alter basal HO 2 catalytic activity or CO production , l NNA blocked glutamate stimulation of HO 2 activity and CO production . ^^^ These data suggest that glutamate may activate NOS producing NO that leads to CO synthesis via a cGMP dependent elevation of HO 2 catalytic activity . ^^^ These results are consistent with the findings in vivo that either HO or NOS inhibition blocks cerebrovascular dilation to glutamate in piglets . . ^^^ |
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| Interacting proteins: P29475 and Q13224 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| NOS activities in the hippocampus , the cerebral cortex , the cerebellum and the brain stem were determined with fluorescence measurement and levels of mRNA expression of the NMDA receptor 2A ( NR2A ) subunit and NMDA receptor 2B ( NR2B ) subunit in the rat hippocampus were measured with Retro translation ( RT PCR ) . ^^^ |
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| Interacting proteins: P29475 and Q13224 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| To understand the role of citrulline NO cycle in hyperammonemia , NOS , ASS , ASL and arginase activities , as well as nitrate / nitrite ( NOx ) , arginine , ornithine , citrulline , glutamine , glutamate and GABA were estimated in cerebral cortex ( CC ) , cerebellum ( CB ) and brain stem ( BS ) of rats subjected to acute ammonia toxicity . ^^^ |
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| Interacting proteins: P29475 and Q13224 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| Isoflurane preconditioning induced protection against glutamate neurotoxicity was abolished by two protein kinase C ( PKC ) inhibitors , calphostin C ( 0 . 5 microM ) and chelerythrine ( 5 microM ) , or a nitric oxide synthase ( NOS ) inhibitor , l nitro ( G ) arginine methyl ester ( l NAME , 1 . 5 mM ) , but was not affected by an adenosine A 1 receptor inhibitor , 8 cyclopentyl 1 , 3 dipropylxanthine ( DPCPX , 300 nM ) , or a Gi protein inhibitor , pertussis toxin ( PTX , 200 ng / ml ) . ^^^ |
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| Interacting proteins: P29475 and Q13224 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| The observation that systemic treatment with MK 801 , a N methyl d aspartate ( NMDA ) receptor antagonist , with GYKI 52466 , a non NMDA receptor antagonist , or with l NAME , an inhibitor of nitric oxide synthase ( NOS ) , prevents the RGC loss observed 24 after IOP elevation strongly suggests an excitotoxic , glutamate mediated , mechanism of RGC death . ^^^ Collectively , our data suggest that acute elevation of IOP increases intraretinal levels of glutamate with consequent abnormal activation of NMDA and non NMDA subtypes of glutamate receptors and increased NOS activity leading to excitotoxic , glutamate mediated , RGC death . . ^^^ |
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| Interacting proteins: P29475 and Q13224 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| In addition , simultaneous delivery of CMSD treatment prevented significant increases in NOS activity triggered by the glutamate receptor agonists NMDA and AMPA . ^^^ Rapid suppression by CMSD of basal and glutamate stimulated NOS activity may regulate neuromodulatory functions of NO or protect neurons from NO toxicity and suggests a novel mechanism for rapidly mediating functions of CMSD . ^^^ |
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| Interacting proteins: P29475 and Q13224 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| A deficiency of BH ( 4 ) could lead to hypofunction of the systems of DA , NA , 5 HT , NOS / NO , and glutamate , all of which have been independently implicated in schizophrenia psychopathology . ^^^ |
|
| Interacting proteins: P29475 and Q13224 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| Changes of expressions in immediate early genes ( IEGs ) , glutamate receptors ( GluRs ) , calcium binding proteins ( CaBPs ) , 8 hydroxy deoxyguanosine ( 8 OH dG ) and nitric oxide synthase ( NOS ) , as well as apoptotic related factors including caspase 3 , bax , and bcl 2 were examined . ^^^ |
|
| Interacting proteins: P29475 and Q13224 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| We also studied : ( 1 ) the effects of a pre administration of DNQX , a specific antagonist of AMPA receptors , on NO production , ( 2 ) the effects of a pre administration of 7 NI ( 7 nitroindazole , an inhibitor of neuronal nitric oxide synthase NOS ) and APV ( D 2 amino 5 phosphonovaleric acid , a specific blocker of the NMDA type glutamate receptors ) on the actions of alcohol / NMDA on glutamate receptors , and ( 3 ) the in vivo interaction between DNQX , ethanol and NMDA receptor activation . ^^^ |
|
| Interacting proteins: P29475 and Q13224 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| An inhibition of endogenous NO production by the NOS inhibitor L NAME decreased the amplitude of AMPA and glutamate induced [ Ca ( 2+ ) ] ( 1 ) rises . ^^^ |
|
| Interacting proteins: P29475 and Q13224 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| The rise in the extracellular concentration of glutamate during ischemia caused by the reversed uptake of glutamate ( Glu ) by the astrocytic Glu transporter GLT 1 was markedly suppressed by the prior PC treatment , but the suppression was reversed by treatment with an inhibitor of nitric oxide synthase ( NOS ) during PC . ^^^ |
|
| Interacting proteins: P29475 and Q13224 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| Within the Leydig cell cytoplasm , immunocytochemical results suggested the occurrence of factors known to activate NOS 1 such as glutamate and aspartate , as well as molecules involved in the regulation of the NOS 1 activity such as calmodulin and Ca2+ / calmodulin dependent protein kinase 2 . ^^^ |
|
| Interacting proteins: P29475 and Q13224 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| NA |
|
| Interacting proteins: P29475 and Q13224 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| NA |
|
| Interacting proteins: P29475 and Q13224 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| NA |
|
| Interacting proteins: P29475 and Q13224 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| NA |
|
| Interacting proteins: P29475 and Q13224 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| NA |
|
| Interacting proteins: P29475 and Q13224 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| NA |
|
| Interacting proteins: P29475 and Q13224 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| NA |
|
| Interacting proteins: P29475 and Q13224 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| NA |
|
| Interacting proteins: P29475 and Q13224 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| NA |
|
| Interacting proteins: P29475 and Q13224 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| NA |
|
| Interacting proteins: P29475 and Q13224 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| NA |
|
| Interacting proteins: P29475 and Q13224 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| NA |
|
| Interacting proteins: P29475 and Q13224 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| NA |
|
| Interacting proteins: P29475 and Q13224 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| NA |
|
| Interacting proteins: P29475 and Q13224 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| NA |
|
| Interacting proteins: P29475 and Q13224 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| NA |
|
| Interacting proteins: P29475 and Q13224 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| NA |
|
| Interacting proteins: P29475 and Q13224 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| NA |
|
| Interacting proteins: P29475 and Q13224 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| NA |
|
| Interacting proteins: P29475 and Q13224 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| NA |
|
| Interacting proteins: P29475 and Q13224 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| NA |
|
| Interacting proteins: P29475 and Q13224 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| NA |
|
| Interacting proteins: P29475 and Q13224 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| NA |
|
| Interacting proteins: P29475 and Q13224 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| NA |
|
| Interacting proteins: P29475 and Q13224 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| NA |
|
| Interacting proteins: P29475 and Q13224 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| NA |
|
| Interacting proteins: P29475 and Q13224 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| NA |
|
| Interacting proteins: P29475 and Q13224 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| NA |
|
| Interacting proteins: P29475 and Q13224 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| NA |
|
| Interacting proteins: P29475 and Q13224 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| NA |
|
| Interacting proteins: P29475 and Q13224 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| NA |
|
| Interacting proteins: P29475 and Q13224 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| NA |
|
| Interacting proteins: P29475 and Q13224 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| NA |
|
| Interacting proteins: P29475 and Q13224 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| NA |
|
| Interacting proteins: P29475 and Q13224 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| NA |
|
| Interacting proteins: P29475 and Q13224 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| NA |
|
| Interacting proteins: P29475 and Q13224 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| NA |
|
| Interacting proteins: P29475 and Q13224 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| NA |
|
| Interacting proteins: P29475 and Q13224 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| NA |
|
| Interacting proteins: P29475 and Q13224 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| NA |
|
| Interacting proteins: P29475 and Q13224 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| NA |
|
| Interacting proteins: P29475 and Q13224 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| NA |
|
| Interacting proteins: P29475 and Q13224 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| NA |
|
| Interacting proteins: P29475 and Q13224 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| NA |
|
| Interacting proteins: P29475 and Q13224 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| NA |
|
| Interacting proteins: P29475 and Q13224 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| NA |
|
| Interacting proteins: P29475 and Q13224 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| NA |
|
| Interacting proteins: P29475 and Q13224 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| NA |
|
| Interacting proteins: P29475 and Q13224 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| NA |
|
| Interacting proteins: P29475 and Q13224 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| NA |
|
| Interacting proteins: P29475 and Q13224 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| NA |
|
| Interacting proteins: P29475 and Q13224 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| NA |
|
| Interacting proteins: P29475 and Q13224 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| NA |
|
| Interacting proteins: P29475 and Q13224 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| NA |
|
| Interacting proteins: P29475 and Q13224 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| NA |
|
| Interacting proteins: P29475 and Q13224 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| NA |
|
| Interacting proteins: P29475 and Q13224 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| NA |
|
| Interacting proteins: P29475 and Q13224 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| NA |
|
| Interacting proteins: P29475 and Q13224 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| NA |
|
| Interacting proteins: P29475 and Q13224 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| NA |
|
| Interacting proteins: P29475 and Q13224 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| NA |
|
| Interacting proteins: P29475 and Q13224 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| NA |
|
| Interacting proteins: P29475 and Q13224 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| NA |
|
| Interacting proteins: P29475 and Q13224 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| NA |
|
| Interacting proteins: P29475 and Q13224 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| NA |
|
| Interacting proteins: P29475 and Q13224 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| NA |
|
| Interacting proteins: P29475 and Q13224 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| NA |
|
| Interacting proteins: P29475 and Q13224 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| NA |
|
| Interacting proteins: P29475 and Q13224 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| NA |
|
| Interacting proteins: P29475 and Q13224 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| NA |
|
| Interacting proteins: P29475 and Q13224 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| NA |
|
| Interacting proteins: P29475 and Q13224 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| NA |
|
| Interacting proteins: P29475 and Q13224 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| NA |
|
| Interacting proteins: P29475 and Q13224 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| NA |
|
| Interacting proteins: P29475 and Q13224 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| NA |
|
| Interacting proteins: P29475 and Q13224 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| NA |
|
| Interacting proteins: P29475 and Q13224 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| NA |
|
| Interacting proteins: P29475 and Q13224 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| NA |
|
| Interacting proteins: P29475 and Q13224 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| NA |
|
| Interacting proteins: P29475 and Q13224 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| NA |
|
| Interacting proteins: P29475 and Q13224 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| NA |
|
| Interacting proteins: P29475 and Q13224 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| NA |
|
| Interacting proteins: P29475 and Q13224 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| NA |
|
| Interacting proteins: P29475 and Q13224 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| NA |
|
| Interacting proteins: P29475 and Q13224 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| NA |
|
| Interacting proteins: P29475 and Q13224 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| NA |
|
| Interacting proteins: P29475 and Q13224 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| NA |
|
| Interacting proteins: P29475 and Q13224 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| NA |
|
| Interacting proteins: P29475 and Q13224 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| NA |
|
| Interacting proteins: P29475 and Q13224 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| NA |
|
| Interacting proteins: P29475 and Q13224 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| NA |
|
| Interacting proteins: P29475 and Q13224 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| NA |
|
| Interacting proteins: P29475 and Q13224 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| NA |
|
| Interacting proteins: P29475 and Q13224 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| NA |
|
| Interacting proteins: P29475 and Q13224 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| NA |
|
| Interacting proteins: P29475 and Q13224 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| NA |
|
| Interacting proteins: P29475 and Q13224 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| NA |
|
| Interacting proteins: P29475 and Q13224 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| NA |
|
| Interacting proteins: P29475 and Q13224 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| NA |
|
| Interacting proteins: P29475 and Q13224 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| NA |
|
| Interacting proteins: P29475 and Q13224 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| NA |
|
| Interacting proteins: P29475 and Q13224 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| NA |
|
| Interacting proteins: P29475 and Q13224 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| NA |
|
| Interacting proteins: P29475 and Q13224 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| NA |
|
| Interacting proteins: P29475 and Q13224 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| NA |
|
| Interacting proteins: P29475 and Q13224 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| NA |
|
| Interacting proteins: P29475 and Q13224 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| NA |
|
| Interacting proteins: P29475 and Q13224 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| NA |
|
| Interacting proteins: P29475 and Q13224 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| NA |
|
| Interacting proteins: P29475 and Q13224 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| NA |
|
| Interacting proteins: P29475 and Q13224 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| NA |
|
| Interacting proteins: P29475 and Q13224 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| NA |
|
| Interacting proteins: P29475 and Q13224 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| NA |
|
| Interacting proteins: P29475 and Q13224 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| NA |
|
| Interacting proteins: P29475 and Q13224 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| NA |
|
| Interacting proteins: P29475 and Q13224 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| NA |
|
| Interacting proteins: P29475 and Q13224 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| NA |
|
| Interacting proteins: P29475 and Q13224 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| NA |
|
| Interacting proteins: P29475 and Q13224 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| NA |
|
| Interacting proteins: P29475 and Q13224 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| NA |
|
| Interacting proteins: P29475 and Q13224 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| NA |
|
| Interacting proteins: P29475 and Q13224 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| NA |
|
| Interacting proteins: P29475 and Q13224 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| NA |
|
| Interacting proteins: P29475 and Q13224 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| NA |
|
| Interacting proteins: P29475 and Q13224 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| NA |
|
| Interacting proteins: P29475 and Q13224 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| NA |
|
| Interacting proteins: P29475 and Q13224 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| NA |
|
| Interacting proteins: P29475 and Q13224 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| NA |
|
| Interacting proteins: P29475 and Q13224 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| NA |
|
| Interacting proteins: P29475 and Q13224 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| NA |
|
| Interacting proteins: P29475 and Q13224 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| NA |
|
| Interacting proteins: P29475 and Q13224 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| NA |
|
| Interacting proteins: P29475 and Q13224 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| NA |
|
| Interacting proteins: P29475 and Q13224 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| NA |
|
| Interacting proteins: P29475 and Q13224 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| NA |
|
| Interacting proteins: P29475 and Q13224 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| NA |
|
| Interacting proteins: P29475 and Q13224 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| NA |
|
| Interacting proteins: P29475 and Q13224 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| NA |
|
| Interacting proteins: P29475 and Q13224 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| NA |
|
| Interacting proteins: P29475 and Q13224 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| NA |
|
| Interacting proteins: P29475 and Q13224 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| NA |
|
| Interacting proteins: P29475 and Q13224 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| NA |
|
| Interacting proteins: P29475 and Q13224 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| NA |
|
| Interacting proteins: P29475 and Q13224 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| NA |
|
| Interacting proteins: P29475 and Q13224 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| NA |
|
| Interacting proteins: P29475 and Q13224 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| NA |
|
| Interacting proteins: P29475 and Q13224 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| NA |
|
| Interacting proteins: P29475 and Q13224 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| NA |
|
| Interacting proteins: P29475 and Q13224 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| NA |
|
| Interacting proteins: P29475 and Q13224 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| NA |
|
| Interacting proteins: P29475 and Q13224 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| NA |
|
| Interacting proteins: P29475 and Q13224 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| NA |
|
| Interacting proteins: P29475 and Q13224 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| NA |
|
| Interacting proteins: P29475 and Q13224 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| NA |
|
| Interacting proteins: P29475 and Q13224 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| NA |
|
| Interacting proteins: P29475 and Q13224 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| NA |
|
| Interacting proteins: P29475 and Q13224 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| NA |
|
| Interacting proteins: P29475 and Q13224 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| NA |
|
| Interacting proteins: P29475 and Q13224 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| NA |
|
| Interacting proteins: P29475 and Q13224 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| NA |
|
| Interacting proteins: P29475 and Q13224 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| NA |
|
| Interacting proteins: P29475 and Q13224 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| NA |
|
| Interacting proteins: P29475 and Q13224 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| NA |
|
| Interacting proteins: P29475 and Q13224 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| NA |
|
| Interacting proteins: P29475 and Q13224 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| NA |
|
| Interacting proteins: P29475 and Q13224 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| NA |
|
| Interacting proteins: P29475 and Q13224 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| NA |
|
| Interacting proteins: P29475 and Q13224 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| NA |
|