| Interacting proteins: Q07869 and P19793 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.8554195 |
| Transcription of these genes is mediated through the binding of peroxisome proliferator activated receptor alpha ( PPARalpha ) , which binds to a PPRE as a heterodimer with the 9 cis retinoic acid receptor ( RXRalpha ) . 0.8554195^^^ |
|
| Interacting proteins: Q07869 and P19793 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| We previously demonstrated that heterodimers of the Peroxisome Proliferator Activated Receptor alpha ( PPAR alpha ) and the Retinoid 10 Receptor alpha ( RXR alpha ) stimulate malic enzyme gene transcription through a regulatory element in the promoter region ( ME PPRE ) . ^^^ |
|
| Interacting proteins: Q07869 and P19793 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| The peroxisome proliferator response is mediated by the binding of heterodimers containing the peroxisome proliferator activated receptor alpha ( PPAR alpha ) and the retinoid 10 receptor alpha ( RXR alpha ) to these elements . ^^^ |
|
| Interacting proteins: Q07869 and P19793 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| Two members of the steroid hormone receptor superfamily , the peroxisome proliferator activated receptor alpha ( PPAR alpha ) and the retinoid 10 receptor alpha ( RXR alpha ) , bind specifically to this element as a heterodimer , and this element confers responsiveness to the peroxisome proliferator Wyeth 14 , 643 when tested in co transfection assays . ^^^ |
|
| Interacting proteins: Q07869 and P19793 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| Interaction of the peroxisome proliferator activated receptor alpha with the retinoid 10 receptor alpha unmasks a cryptic peroxisome proliferator response element that overlaps an ARP 1 binding site in the CYP4A6 promoter . ^^^ Gene transfer experiments indicate that this induction can be mediated by the mouse peroxisome proliferator activated receptor alpha ( PPAR alpha ) and that it is dependent on upstream enhancer elements in the CYP4A6 gene . ^^^ |
|
| Interacting proteins: Q07869 and P19793 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| Element A also interacted with the ubiquitous nuclear hormone receptors chicken ovalbumin upstream promoter transcription factor 1 ( COUP TF 1 ) , thyroid hormone receptor alpha ( TRalpha ) , peroxisome proliferator activated receptor alpha ( PPARalpha ) , and retinoid 10 receptor alpha ( RXRalpha ) . ^^^ |
|
| Interacting proteins: Q07869 and P19793 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| Amino acid residues in both the DNA binding and ligand binding domains influence transcriptional activity of the human peroxisome proliferator activated receptor alpha . ^^^ We have investigated the basis of the lack of activity of a natural variant human peroxisome proliferator activated receptor alpha , hPPARalpha6 / 29 . ^^^ |
|
| Interacting proteins: Q07869 and P19793 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| The integrator protein , p 300 , was demonstrated to interact with mouse peroxisome proliferator activated receptor alpha in a ligand enhanced manner . ^^^ |
|
| Interacting proteins: Q07869 and P19793 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| Northern blot hybridization revealed that Caco 2 cells endogenously expressed the mRNAs of peroxisome proliferator activated receptor alpha ( PPARalpha ) and retinoid 10 receptor alpha ( RXRalpha ) . ^^^ |
|
| Interacting proteins: Q07869 and P19793 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| Distribution of mRNAs encoding the peroxisome proliferator activated receptor alpha , beta , and gamma and the retinoid 10 receptor alpha , beta , and gamma in rat central nervous system . ^^^ |
|
| Interacting proteins: Q07869 and P19793 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| Fatty acids activate transcription of the muscle carnitine palmitoyltransferase 1 gene in cardiac myocytes via the peroxisome proliferator activated receptor alpha . ^^^ Cotransfection experiments with expression vectors for the peroxisome proliferator activated receptor alpha ( PPARalpha ) demonstrated that FARE 1 is a PPARalpha response element capable of conferring oleate mediated transcriptional activation to homologous or heterologous promoters . ^^^ |
|
| Interacting proteins: Q07869 and P19793 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| The genes encoding the peroxisomal beta oxidation enzymes enoyl CoA hydratase / 3 hydroxyacyl CoA dehydrogenase ( HD ) and fatty acyl CoA oxidase ( AOx ) are coordinately regulated by peroxisome proliferator activated receptor alpha ( PPARalpha ) / 9 cis retinoic acid receptor ( RXRalpha ) heterodimers that transactivate these genes in a ligand dependent manner via upstream peroxisome proliferator response elements ( PPRE ) . ^^^ |
|
| Interacting proteins: Q07869 and P19793 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| Receptor interacting protein 140 interacts with and inhibits transactivation by , peroxisome proliferator activated receptor alpha and liver 10 receptor alpha . ^^^ Receptor interacting protein 140 ( RIP 140 ) , a previously identified putative ligand dependent coactivator of nuclear hormone receptors , was isolated by yeast two hybrid cloning as a factor that interacts with peroxisome proliferator activated receptor alpha ( PPARalpha ) . ^^^ |
|
| Interacting proteins: Q07869 and P19793 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| In Caco 2 cells , the transcripts of peroxisome proliferator activated receptor alpha ( PPARalpha ) and retinoid 10 receptor alpha ( RXRalpha ) , which were activated by their ligands ETYA and 9 cis retinoic acid , respectively , were coexpressed . ^^^ |
|
| Interacting proteins: Q07869 and P19793 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| Peroxisome proliferator activated receptor alpha ( PPARalpha ) heterodimerizes with the 9 cis retinoic acid receptor ( RXRalpha ) to bind to peroxisome proliferator response elements ( PPRE ) present in the upstream regions of a number of genes involved in metabolic homeostasis . ^^^ |
|
| Interacting proteins: Q07869 and P19793 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| Polyunsaturated fatty acids ( PUFA ) suppress hepatic lipogenic gene transcription through a peroxisome proliferator activated receptor alpha ( PPARalpha ) and cyclooxygenase independent mechanism . ^^^ |
|
| Interacting proteins: Q07869 and P19793 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| We determined if fatty acids can regulate the murine Cyp7a1 and human CYP7A1 gene promoters via peroxisome proliferator activated receptor alpha ( PPARalpha ) / 9 cis retinoic acid receptor alpha ( RXRalpha ) . ^^^ |
|
| Interacting proteins: Q07869 and P19793 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| The peroxisome proliferator activated receptor alpha ( PPARalpha ) regulates bile acid biosynthesis . ^^^ These effects are exerted via the peroxisome proliferator activated receptor alpha ( PPARalpha ) . ^^^ |
|
| Interacting proteins: Q07869 and P19793 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| These nucleotide substitutions prevent the binding of the retinoid 10 receptor alpha ( RXR alpha ) peroxisome proliferator activated receptor alpha ( PPAR alpha ) heterodimer without greatly altering the efficiency of binding of hepatocyte nuclear factor 4 ( HNF 4 ) to this recognition sequence . ^^^ |
|
| Interacting proteins: Q07869 and P19793 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| A hepatitis B virus ( HBV ) transgenic mouse containing a naturally occurring mutation in the nucleocapsid promoter ( A1764T plus G1766A ) that inhibits the retinoid 10 receptor alpha ( RXRalpha ) plus peroxisome proliferator activated receptor alpha ( PPARalpha ) heterodimer from binding to the proximal nuclear hormone receptor recognition sequence has been generated . ^^^ |
|
| Interacting proteins: Q07869 and P19793 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| Using promoter genes of cellular retinol binding protein 2 ( CRBPII ) and acyl CoA oxidase as reporters , we also show that the expression of the core protein enhances the transcriptional activity regulated by the RXRalpha homodimer as well as by the heterodimer with peroxisome proliferator activated receptor alpha . ^^^ |
|
| Interacting proteins: Q07869 and P19793 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| Inhibition of endogenous thyroid hormone receptor beta and peroxisome proliferator activated receptor alpha activities by humic acid in a human derived liver cell line . ^^^ |
|
| Interacting proteins: Q07869 and P19793 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| Hepatitis B virus ( HBV ) replication can occur in nonhepatoma cells when pregenomic RNA synthesis from viral DNA is activated by the expression of the nuclear hormone receptors hepatocyte nuclear factor 4 ( HNF 4 ) and the retinoid 10 receptor alpha ( RXR alpha ) plus peroxisome proliferator activated receptor alpha ( PPAR alpha ) heterodimer . ^^^ |
|
| Interacting proteins: Q07869 and P19793 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| The atypical interaction of peroxisome proliferator activated receptor alpha with liver 10 receptor alpha antagonizes the stimulatory effect of their respective ligands on the murine cholesterol 7alpha hydroxylase gene promoter . ^^^ Peroxisome proliferator activated receptor alpha ( PPARalpha ; NR1C1 ) and liver 10 receptor alpha ( LXRalpha ; NR1H3 ) are two nuclear receptors that stimulate the murine Cyp7a1 gene . ^^^ |
|
| Interacting proteins: Q07869 and P19793 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| BACKGROUND : The nuclear receptors peroxisome proliferator activated receptor alpha ( PPARalpha ) and retinoid 10 receptor alpha ( RXRalpha ) stimulate the expression of key enzymes of free fatty acid ( FFA ) oxidation . ^^^ |
|
| Interacting proteins: Q07869 and P19793 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| The nuclear hormone receptors hepatocyte nuclear factor 4 ( HNF 4 ) and the retinoid 10 alpha ( RXRalpha ) plus the peroxisome proliferator activated receptor alpha ( PPARalpha ) heterodimer support hepatitis B virus ( HBV ) replication in nonhepatoma cells . ^^^ |
|
| Interacting proteins: Q07869 and P19793 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| Senescence associated decline in hepatic peroxisomal enzyme activities corresponds with diminished levels of retinoid 10 receptor alpha , but not peroxisome proliferator activated receptor alpha . ^^^ Aging is associated with alterations in hepatic peroxisomal metabolism and susceptibility to hepatocarcinogenicity produced by agonists of peroxisome proliferator activated receptor alpha ( PPAR alpha ) . ^^^ |
|
| Interacting proteins: Q07869 and P19793 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| Retinoid 10 receptor alpha ( RXRalpha ) can reveal diverse functions through forming a heterodimer with peroxisome proliferator activated receptor alpha ( PPARalpha ) . ^^^ In vivo stabilization of nuclear retinoid 10 receptor alpha in the presence of peroxisome proliferator activated receptor alpha . ^^^ Retinoid 10 receptor alpha ( RXRalpha ) can reveal diverse functions through forming a heterodimer with peroxisome proliferator activated receptor alpha ( PPARalpha ) . ^^^ |
|
| Interacting proteins: Q07869 and P19793 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| This could be corrected by overexpressing EnhII activators , such as hepatocyte nuclear factor 4 alpha , the retinoid 10 receptor alpha , and the peroxisome proliferator activated receptor alpha , suggesting that in Chang cells EnhI but not EnhII is active . ^^^ |
|
| Interacting proteins: Q07869 and P19793 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| However , mRNA levels peaked close to that of adult rats ( > 6 wk old rats ) by 4 wk of age for farnesoid 10 receptor ( FXR ) , pregnane 10 receptor ( PXR ) , liver 10 receptor alpha ( LXRalpha ) , peroxisome proliferator activated receptor alpha ( PPARalpha ) , retinoid acid receptor alpha ( RARalpha ) , LRH 1 , and SHP , whereas RXRalpha mRNA lagged behind . ^^^ |
|
| Interacting proteins: Q07869 and P19793 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| In rodents , high fat diets promote hepatic lipid accumulation in rodents , activation of peroxisome proliferator activated receptor alpha ( PPARalpha ) and upregulation of cytochrome P 450 ( CYP ) 4A gene expression . ^^^ |
|
| Interacting proteins: Q07869 and P19793 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| Molecular mechanisms of alcoholic fatty liver : role of peroxisome proliferator activated receptor alpha . ^^^ Normal function of the peroxisome proliferator activated receptor alpha ( PPARalpha ) is crucial for the regulation of hepatic fatty acid metabolism . ^^^ |
|
| Interacting proteins: Q07869 and P19793 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| The peroxisome proliferator activated receptor alpha ( PPARalpha ) is a member of the nuclear receptor super family of ligand activated transcription factors and it functions as an obligate heterodimer with retinoid 10 receptor alpha RXRalpha . ^^^ |
|
| Interacting proteins: Q07869 and P19793 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| Peroxisome proliferator activated receptor alpha ( PPARalpha ) potentiates , whereas PPARgamma attenuates , glucose stimulated insulin secretion in pancreatic beta cells . ^^^ |
|
| Interacting proteins: Q07869 and P19793 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| Effects of xenobiotics and peroxisome proliferator activated receptor alpha on the human UDPglucose dehydrogenase gene expression . ^^^ A bioinformatics search for xenobiotic response element in this region has predicted a binding motif for the peroxisome proliferator activated receptor alpha ( PPARalpha ) at position 1 , 003 . ^^^ |
|
| Interacting proteins: Q07869 and P19793 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| Based on sequence analysis , we have determined that this cDNA encodes the human PPAR alpha . ^^^ When analyzed in CV 1 cells , the rat PPAR alpha was similarly transcriptionally regulated . ^^^ Interestingly , WY 14 , 643 , another peroxisome proliferator , was a much more potent activator of rPPAR alpha than human PPAR alpha when assayed in both cell lines . ^^^ |
|
| Interacting proteins: Q07869 and P19793 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| Two members of the steroid hormone receptor family , termed the peroxisome proliferator activated receptor ( PPAR alpha ) and the retinoid 10 receptor ( RXR alpha ) , co operate to bind specifically to this sequence . ^^^ |
|
| Interacting proteins: Q07869 and P19793 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| Mouse and rat PPARs , as well as Xenopus PPAR alpha ( xPPAR alpha ) could induce expression of a reporter gene linked to the hydratase / dehydrogenase PPRE in the presence of the peroxisome proliferators ciprofibrate or Wy 14 , 643 , whereas xPPAR beta and xPPAR gamma were ineffective . ^^^ |
|
| Interacting proteins: Q07869 and P19793 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| This PPRE specifically binds to baculovirus expressed recombinant rat PPAR alpha / RXR alpha heterodimers . ^^^ In transient transfection experiments , the maximum induction of luciferase expression by ciprofibrate and / or 9 cis retinoic acid is dependent upon cotransfection of expression plasmids for PPAR alpha and RXR alpha . ^^^ |
|
| Interacting proteins: Q07869 and P19793 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| Here we report that the thyromimetic effect of peroxisome proliferators with respect to ' malic ' enzyme result from transcriptional activation of the ' malic ' enzyme gene , mediated by binding of the peroxisome proliferator activated receptor ( PPAR alpha ) / retinoid 10 receptor ( RXR alpha ) heterodimer to a 5 ' flanking enhancer of the ' malic ' enzyme promoter . ^^^ |
|
| Interacting proteins: Q07869 and P19793 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| The extent of repression was strongly dependent on both the mouse strains and type of proliferator , although the mRNA levels of PPAR alpha and its partner in heterodimerization , RXR alpha were not different . ^^^ |
|
| Interacting proteins: Q07869 and P19793 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| Differential activation of nuclear receptors by perfluorinated fatty acid analogs and natural fatty acids : a comparison of human , mouse , and rat peroxisome proliferator activated receptor alpha , beta , and gamma , liver 10 receptor beta , and retinoid 10 receptor alpha . ^^^ Administration of ammonium salts of perfluorooctanoate ( PFOA ) to rats results in peroxisome proliferation and benign liver tumors , events associated with activation of the nuclear receptor ( NR ) peroxisome proliferator activated receptor alpha ( PPARalpha ) . ^^^ |
|
| Interacting proteins: Q07869 and P19793 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| In an effort to elucidate the requirements for PPAR function and the pathways of its activation , we expressed mouse PPAR alpha and human RXR alpha in the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae . ^^^ Mouse PPAR alpha and human RXR alpha had little activity individually in yeast ; however , when cosynthesized , they were able to synergistically activate transcription via cognate response elements . ^^^ |
|
| Interacting proteins: Q07869 and P19793 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| A receptor , designated PP activated receptor alpha ( PPAR alpha ) is capable of trans activating reporter genes containing a PP response ( PPRE ) , but requires the presence of both PP , 9 cis retinoic acid and another receptor called RXR alpha . ^^^ |
|
| Interacting proteins: Q07869 and P19793 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| This CYP4A1 reporter construct has been co transfected into human HepG 2 cells in the presence and absence of expression vectors encoding the transcription factors PPAR alpha and RXR alpha . ^^^ |
|
| Interacting proteins: Q07869 and P19793 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| Inhibition of PPAR alpha / RXR alpha mediated direct hyperplasia pathways during griseofulvin induced hepatocarcinogenesis . ^^^ |
|
| Interacting proteins: Q07869 and P19793 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| To test this hypothesis , we introduced mouse PPAR alpha and its heterodimerization partner , RXR alpha , into guinea pig hepatocytes by transient transfection and determined responsiveness to the PP nafenopin by cyanide insensitive palmitoyl CoA oxidation ( CIPCO ) . ^^^ |
|
| Interacting proteins: Q07869 and P19793 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| Results from a series of GST pulldown assays showed that these Gadd 45 family proteins interact with several nuclear hormone receptors including RXR alpha , RAR alpha , ER alpha , PPAR alpha , PPAR beta , and PPAR gamma 2 in vitro . ^^^ |
|
| Interacting proteins: Q07869 and P19793 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| Simultaneously , an increased expression of PPAR alpha mRNA was observed while no significant difference on abundance of RXR alpha mRNA was observed . ^^^ |
|
| Interacting proteins: Q07869 and P19793 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| Also other lipid metabolizing enzymes are induced . ( 9 ) Fatty acid and cholesterol synthesis is inhibited in hepatocytes . ( 10 ) The nuclear receptors PPAR alpha and RXR alpha are induced by 3 thia fatty acids . ( 11 ) The induction of enzymes and of PPAR alpha and RXR alpha are increased by dexamethasone and counteracted by insulin . ( 12 ) 4 Thia fatty acids inhibit fatty acid oxidation and induce fatty liver in vivo . ^^^ |
|
| Interacting proteins: Q07869 and P19793 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| This effect was augmented by 9 cis retinoic acid receptor alpha ( RXR alpha ) and activators of PPAR alpha to give a maximum inhibition of approx . 80 % . ^^^ Gel mobility shift assays failed to detect any binding of PPAR alpha / RXR alpha dimers to any regions of the promoter containing potential binding sites . ^^^ |
|
| Interacting proteins: Q07869 and P19793 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| This diet was offered to young rats for 8 and 28 days and the expression of nuclear receptors was determined at the end of each experimental time period ( 1 ) in the liver by assaying the binding properties of RAR and TR and by quantifying mRNA levels of RAR beta , TR alpha ( 1 ) beta ( 1 ) , RXR alpha , and PPAR alpha , and ( 2 ) in the white adipose tissue ( WAT ) by quantifying mRNA levels of RAR alpha , RXR alpha , TR alpha ( 1 ) beta ( 1 ) , and PPAR gamma ( 2 ) . ^^^ |
|
| Interacting proteins: Q07869 and P19793 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| The PPRE sequence specifically bound to the heterodimer of RXR alpha and PPAR alpha or PPAR gamma 2 , as assessed by electrophoretic gel mobility shift assays . ^^^ |
|
| Interacting proteins: Q07869 and P19793 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| Real time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction and immunohistochemical analysis demonstrated markedly higher expression of Ppara , Pparg , and Rxra mRNA in labyrinth zone trophoblast as compared with basal zone near term . ^^^ Placental expression of Ppara , Ppard , and Rxra was unaffected by dexamethasone treatment . ^^^ |
|
| Interacting proteins: Q07869 and P19793 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| Sequence analysis reveals a high degree of similarity with the mouse receptor and , like other PPAR , hPPAR gamma forms heterodimers with the retinoid 10 receptor alpha ( RXR alpha ) and binds in vitro to DNA elements containing direct repeats of the sequence TGACCT . ^^^ |
|
| Interacting proteins: Q07869 and P19793 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| Transcripts of both retinoid 10 receptor alpha and peroxisome proliferator activated receptor ( PPAR ) , which are thought to interact as a heterodimer with the cis element located in the CRBP 2 promoter and to be activated by 9 cis retinoic acid and long chain fatty acids , respectively , were constitutively expressed in the rat jejunum . ( ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS ) . ^^^ |
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| Interacting proteins: Q07869 and P19793 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| We further demonstrate that the adipocyte specific transcription factor PPAR gamma 2 , previously identified as a regulator of the adipocyte P 2 enhancer , binds in a heterodimeric complex with RXR alpha to the PEPCK 5 ' flanking region at two sites , termed PCK 1 ( bp 451 to 439 ) and PCK 2 ( bp 999 to 987 ) . ^^^ Forced expression of PPAR gamma 2 and RXR alpha activates the PEPCK enhancer in non adipose cells . ^^^ Mutation of the PPAR gamma 2 binding site ( PCK 2 ) abolishes both the activity of the enhancer in adipocytes and its ability to be activated by PPAR gamma 2 and RXR alpha . ^^^ |
|
| Interacting proteins: Q07869 and P19793 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| Adipocyte specific transcription factor ARF 6 is a heterodimeric complex of two nuclear hormone receptors , PPAR gamma and RXR alpha . ^^^ Chemical sequencing and mass spectral analysis of tryptic peptides derived from the purified polypeptides identifies the ARF 6 complex as a heterodimer of the retinoid 10 receptor alpha ( RXR alpha ) and the murine peroxisome proliferator activated receptor gamma ( PPAR gamma ) . ^^^ |
|
| Interacting proteins: Q07869 and P19793 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| Information about the interplay between PPAR , RXR alpha , HSP 72 , and other possible regulatory molecules is necessary to elucidate the transcriptional activation of inducible peroxisomal genes . ^^^ |
|
| Interacting proteins: Q07869 and P19793 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| Mouse ( m ) PPAR and human ( h ) RXR alpha were synthesized as fusion proteins to either the DNA binding domain ( GBD ) or the transactivation domain ( GAD ) of the yeast GAL 4 transcription activator protein , and were tested for their ability to activate expression of a GAL 1 : : lacZ reporter gene . ^^^ These results provide evidence for the interaction of PPAR and RXR alpha in vivo in the absence of a PPRE target site or exogenously added ligands . . ^^^ |
|
| Interacting proteins: Q07869 and P19793 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| The present study has revealed that a heterodimeric complex composed of RXR alpha and peroxisome proliferator activated receptor ( PPAR ) interacts with the hepatitis B virus RARE . ^^^ Transient transfection studies , in conjunction with in vitro DNA binding data , support the hypothesis that the RXR alpha PPAR heterodimer transactivates enhancer 1 . . ^^^ |
|
| Interacting proteins: Q07869 and P19793 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| The NRRE also interacts with heterodimers formed between RXR alpha and either ARP 1 , EAR 2 , EAR 3 , the retinoic acid receptor alpha ( RAR alpha ) , or the peroxisome proliferator activated receptor ( PPAR ) . ^^^ Cotransfection experiments in human choriocarcinoma JEG 3 cells have shown that the HIV 1 LTR driven transcription is activated by RXR alpha and RAR alpha in the presence of 9 cis and all trans retinoic acid , by PPAR and RXR alpha in the presence of clofibric acid and 9 cis retinoic acid , and by the `` orphan ' ' receptors HNF 4 and NGFI B . ^^^ |
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| Interacting proteins: Q07869 and P19793 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| The rat RXR alpha cDNA was cloned and it was found that addition of in vitro translated RXR alpha to purified PPAR facilitated binding of PPAR to a PPRE . ^^^ Transient expression of RXR alpha in CHO cells was found to be essential for the response of a chloramphenicol acetyltransferase reporter construct containing PPREs to activators of PPAR . ^^^ |
|
| Interacting proteins: Q07869 and P19793 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| Gel mobility shift assays using in vitro translated receptors demonstrated that TR alpha was capable of binding on its own and cooperatively with RXR alpha to the rat acyl CoA oxidase PPRE and of inhibiting the binding of rat PPAR / RXR alpha heterodimers to this element . ^^^ This inhibition was the result of competition between TR alpha and PPAR for limiting amounts of the heterodimerization partner RXR alpha and for binding to the PPRE . ^^^ Interestingly , cotransfection of a TR alpha expression plasmid into mammalian cells resulted in potentiation of the peroxisome proliferator and PPAR / RXR alpha dependent transcriptional induction of a reporter gene containing the acyl CoA oxidase PPRE . ^^^ |
|
| Interacting proteins: Q07869 and P19793 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| Although forced expression of PPAR gamma and retinoid 10 receptor alpha activates the enhancer in HIB 1B preadipocytes , these receptors are not capable of activating the enhancer in NIH 3T3 fibroblasts . ^^^ |
|
| Interacting proteins: Q07869 and P19793 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| By using in vitro translated peroxisome proliferator activated receptors ( PPAR ) and a retinoid 10 receptor alpha ( RXRalpha ) , we demonstrated that this DR 1 element was capable of binding PPARalpha / RXRalpha , PPARdelta / RXRalpha and PPARgamma2 / RXRalpha heterodimers . ^^^ |
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| Interacting proteins: Q07869 and P19793 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| The peroxisome proliferator activated receptor gamma ( PPAR gamma ) and the retinoid 10 receptor alpha ( RXR alpha ) form a heterodimeric complex that functions as a central regulator of adipocyte differentiation . ^^^ We further demonstrate that RXR specific ligands are also potent adipogenic agents in cells expressing the PPAR gamma / RXR alpha heterodimer , and that simultaneous treatment of liposarcoma cells with both PPAR gamma and RXR specific ligands results in an additive stimulation of differentiation . ^^^ |
|
| Interacting proteins: Q07869 and P19793 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| The alpha forms of PPAR and RXR were both found to be expressed in cynomolgus monkey hepatocytes . the ligand for RXR alpha , 9 cis retinoic acid , suppressed PAI 1 synthesis to the same extent as gemfibrozil , while a combination of gemfibrozil and 9 cis retinoic acid had no more effect on PAI 1 synthesis than any of these compounds alone at optimal concentrations . ^^^ A possible involvement of PPAR alpha / RXR alpha in this down regulation is discussed . . ^^^ |
|
| Interacting proteins: Q07869 and P19793 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| TCDD treatment decreased the mRNA levels of C / EBP alpha and PPAR gamma 2 but did not affect the mRNA levels of RXR alpha and RAR alpha . ^^^ |
|
| Interacting proteins: Q07869 and P19793 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| DNA binding preferences of PPAR alpha / RXR alpha heterodimers . ^^^ The results indicate that the upstream flanking sequence of a DR 1 differentially influences the binding of PPAR alpha / RXR alpha heterodimers and of RXR alpha homodimers . . ^^^ |
|
| Interacting proteins: Q07869 and P19793 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| As a first step toward understanding the molecular mechanisms determining PPAR subtype specificity , we evaluated by electrophoretic mobility shift assays the binding properties of the three PPAR subtypes , in association with either RXRalpha or RXRgamma , on 16 natural PPAR response elements ( PPREs ) . ^^^ The main results are as follows . ( 1 ) PPARgamma in combination with either RXRalpha or RXRgamma binds more strongly than PPARalpha or PPARbeta to all natural PPREs tested . ( 2 ) The binding of PPAR to strong elements is reinforced if the heterodimerization partner is RXRgamma . ^^^ |
|
| Interacting proteins: Q07869 and P19793 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| Northern blot hybridization also revealed that the transcripts of two types of retinoid 10 receptors ( RXR alpha and RXR gamma ) and peroxisome proliferator activated receptor ( PPAR ) were expressed in the chick duodenum at hatching . ^^^ |
|
| Interacting proteins: Q07869 and P19793 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| TRAP 220 also interacts with other nuclear receptors [ vitamin D receptor , retinoic acid receptor alpha , retinoid 10 receptor alpha , peroxisome proliferation activated receptor ( PPAR ) alpha , PPARgamma and , to a lesser extent , estrogen receptor ] in a ligand dependent manner , whereas TRAP 100 shows only marginal interactions with estrogen receptor , retinoid 10 receptor alpha , PPARalpha , and PPARgamma . ^^^ |
|
| Interacting proteins: Q07869 and P19793 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| Electromobility shift assays showed that all three PPAR subtypes were able to bind specifically to the PPRE as heterodimers with RXRalpha . ^^^ |
|
| Interacting proteins: Q07869 and P19793 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| Transcription factor transcripts implicated in adipocyte differentiation ( peroxisome proliferator activated receptor gamma ( PPAR gamma ) , retinoid 10 receptor alpha ( RXR alpha ) , adipocyte determination and differentiation dependent factor 1 ( ADD 1 ) , and CCAAT / enhancer binding protein alpha ( C / EBP alpha ) ) and adipocyte characteristic protein transcripts ( lipoprotein lipase ( LPL ) and adipocyte fatty acid binding protein ( aP 2 ) ) were measured in pig tissues . ^^^ Transcripts for PPAR gamma , ADD 1 , and aP 2 were localized in porcine subcutaneous and perirenal adipose tissues ; transcripts for C / EBP alpha and LPL were detected in other tissues , but the greatest concentrations were in the adipose tissues . ^^^ In porcine stromal vascular cells ( S / V cells ) differentiating in vitro , transcripts for PPAR gamma and aP 2 increased gradually , transcripts for ADD 1 , and LPL increased early and transcripts for C / EBP alpha increased late . ^^^ In pigs , adipose tissue transcripts for PPAR gamma , ADD 1 , and LPL were minimal at birth and increased to 28 days postpartum , transcripts for C / EBP alpha were low until 28 days and transcripts for aP 2 were at high levels , regardless of age . ^^^ |
|
| Interacting proteins: Q07869 and P19793 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| RXRalpha was localized to PCT and IMCD , whereas RXRbeta was expressed in almost all nephron segments examined . mRNA expression of acyl CoA synthase ( ACS ) , a known PPAR target gene , was stimulated in renal cortex of rats fed with fenofibrate , but the expression was not significantly altered in either cortex or inner medulla of rats fed with troglitazone . ^^^ |
|
| Interacting proteins: Q07869 and P19793 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| In human coronary artery vascular smooth muscle ( hcaVSM ) cells , the mechanisms that mediate the antiproliferative effects of ligands for the peroxisome proliferator activated receptor gamma ( PPAR gamma ) and the retinoid 10 receptor alpha ( RXR alpha ) are unclear . ^^^ Dimerization of PPAR gamma with RXR alpha and occupancy by both ligands is required for maximal activation . ^^^ Accordingly , we determined whether the antiproliferative activity of the PPAR gamma ligands , troglitazone or 15 deoxy Delta 12 , 14 prostaglandin J 2 ( 15d PGJ 2 ) , was enhanced with the RXR alpha ligand , 9 cis retinoic acid ( 9 cis RA ) . ^^^ The precise nature of this cooperative interaction between PPAR gamma and RXR alpha remains to be determined . . ^^^ |
|
| Interacting proteins: Q07869 and P19793 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| Addition of the RXRalpha ligands , 9 cis RA or LG 100268 , sensitized T 24 bladder cancer cells to the lethal effect of troglitazone and two other PPAR activators , ciglitazone and 15 deoxy delta ( 12 , 14 ) PGJ 2 ( 15dPGJ ( 2 ) ) . ^^^ |
|
| Interacting proteins: Q07869 and P19793 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| We studied the effects of peroxisome proliferator activated receptor ( PPAR ) gamma , alpha , and retinoid 10 receptor alpha ( RXRalpha ) ligands on MCP 1 directed migration and matrix metalloproteinase expression of a human acute monocytic leukemia cell line ( THP 1 ) . ^^^ All PPAR and RXRalpha ligands blocked chemotaxis of THP 1 monocytes in the absence of a matrix barrier . ^^^ |
|
| Interacting proteins: Q07869 and P19793 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| The PPAR delta RXR alpha heterodimer bound to an acyl CoA oxidase ( ACO ) type peroxisome proliferator response element recruited a glutathione S transferase NCoR fusion protein in a ligand independent manner . ^^^ |
|
| Interacting proteins: Q07869 and P19793 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| Introduction of mutations in GLUT 2 PPRE resulted in loss of transactivational effects of the PPAR gamma / RXR alpha heterodimer . ^^^ Electrophoretic mobility shift assay using nuclear extracts of CV 1 cells , which were transfected with various combinations of PPARs or RXR alpha expression plasmids , revealed that heterodimers of PPAR gamma and RXR alpha preferentially bound to GLUT 2 PPRE . ^^^ |
|
| Interacting proteins: Q07869 and P19793 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| Furthermore , the binding activity of PPARalpha RXRalpha , but not PPARdelta RXRalpha , to the PPREs was enhanced by the addition of a PPAR ligand , WY 14 , 643 . ^^^ |
|
| Interacting proteins: Q07869 and P19793 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| PPAR gamma / RXR alpha heterodimers are involved in human CG beta synthesis and human trophoblast differentiation . ^^^ Recent studies performed with null mice suggested a role of either RXR alpha or PPAR gamma in murine placental development . ^^^ We report here that both PPAR gamma and RXR alpha are strongly expressed in human villous cytotrophoblasts and syncytiotrophoblasts . ^^^ Therefore , in human placenta , PPAR gamma / RXR alpha heterodimers are functional units during cytotrophoblast differentiation into the syncytiotrophoblast in vitro . ^^^ Elements located in the regulatory region of the human CG beta gene ( beta 5 ) were found to bind RXR alpha and PPAR gamma from human cytotrophoblast nuclear extracts , suggesting that PPAR gamma / RXR alpha heterodimers directly regulate human CG beta transcription . ^^^ |
|
| Interacting proteins: Q07869 and P19793 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| Western blotting showed that 15d PGJ 2 enhanced the levels of PPAR gamma , C / EBP alpha and RXR alpha proteins , while IL 11 and 9 cis RA decreased the level of PPAR gamma protein , but not C / EBP alpha protein and vitamin K 2 decreased the level of C / EBP alpha protein . ^^^ |
|
| Interacting proteins: Q07869 and P19793 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| Atomic distances of M 807 ( H 8 ) to L 859 ( H 10 ) in corresponding residues of the distantly related ER alpha , RXR alpha , PPAR gamma and VDR LBD are highly conserved and almost invariant , suggesting that H8 / H10 interactions are critical for LBD stability in other members of the steroid / nuclear receptor superfamily . . ^^^ |
|
| Interacting proteins: Q07869 and P19793 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| Reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction ( PCR ) and whole mount in situ hybridization were utilized to investigate mRNA expression for RXR alpha , RXR beta , RXR gamma , alcohol dehydrogenase 1 ( ADH 1 ) , retinaldehyde dehydrogenase 2 ( RALDH 2 ) , peroxisome proliferator activated receptor gamma ( PPAR gamma ) , and glyceraldehyde 3 phosphate dehydrogenase . ^^^ Transcripts for RXR alpha , RXR beta , RALDH 2 , and PPAR gamma were detected in all stages beginning from the oocyte through to the hatched blastocyst . ^^^ Expression of mRNA for RXR alpha , RXR beta , RALDH 2 , and PPAR gamma suggests that the early embryo may be competent to synthesize retinoic acid and regulate gene expression during preattachment development in vitro . . ^^^ |
|
| Interacting proteins: Q07869 and P19793 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| All PPAR / RXR heterodimers transactivate L FABP PPRE , best are combinations of PPARalpha with RXRalpha or RXRgamma . ^^^ |
|
| Interacting proteins: Q07869 and P19793 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| Selective intranuclear redistribution of PPAR isoforms by RXR alpha . ^^^ Interestingly , coexpression of the obligate heterodimeric partner of PPARs , RXR alpha , resulted in an intranuclear redistribution of the GFP PPARm gamma isoform characterized by a reticulated pattern of the green fluorescent label for PPAR gamma within the nucleus , but not in nucleoli , and a heightened concentration of the fluorescent label surrounding nucleolar structures and at the nuclear membrane . ^^^ This localization pattern was not discernibly altered by PPAR gamma or RXR alpha specific ligands . ^^^ These results implicate RXR alpha in the nuclear reorganization of PPAR gamma and suggest that PPAR gamma colocalizes with RXR alpha at specific locations within the nucleus independent of added ligand . . ^^^ |
|
| Interacting proteins: Q07869 and P19793 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| The rat ACBP gene is directly activated by PPARgamma / retinoid 10 receptor alpha ( RXRalpha ) and PPARalpha / RXRalpha , but not by PPARdelta / RXRalpha , through a PPAR response element in intron 1 , which is functionally conserved in the human ACBP gene . ^^^ |
|
| Interacting proteins: Q07869 and P19793 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| Transient transfection assays using fibroblasts isolated from PRIP ( / ) embryos revealed a significant decrease in the capacity for ligand dependent transcriptional activation of retinoid 10 receptor alpha and to a lesser effect on PPAR gamma transcriptional activity . ^^^ |
|
| Interacting proteins: Q07869 and P19793 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| Since RXR homodimers and RXR / peroxisome proliferator activated receptor ( PPAR ) heterodimers bind consensus direct repeat ( DR 1 ) motifs , YAMC and NCM 460 ( a normal human colonic cell line ) , were respectively , co transfected with RXRalpha and DR 1 Luc , followed by different PUFA treatment . ^^^ |
|
| Interacting proteins: Q07869 and P19793 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| We demonstrated with recombinant proteins that the PPARgamma / RXRalpha heterodimer binds directly to this PPAR response element . ^^^ |
|
| Interacting proteins: Q07869 and P19793 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| We observed an increased mRNA expression level of the transcription factors peroxisomal proliferator activated receptor gamma ( PPAR gamma ) , retinoid 10 receptor alpha ( RXR alpha ) , and RA receptor alpha ( RAR alpha ) in 3T3 L 1 cells , whereas the mRNA level of these transcription factors was unchanged in human adipose tissue explants after incubation with RA . ^^^ |
|
| Interacting proteins: Q07869 and P19793 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| The transcriptional antagonism of the 3 ' n butyl analogue was demonstrated by its blockade of retinoic acid receptor ( RAR ) beta expression induced by the RXRalpha / peroxisome proliferator activated receptor ( PPAR ) gamma heterodimer complexed with an RXRalpha agonist plus the PPARgamma agonist ciglitazone and the inhibition of 9 cis RA induced coactivator SRC 1a recruitment to RXRalpha . ^^^ |
|
| Interacting proteins: Q07869 and P19793 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| Both RXR alpha 2 and RXR alpha 3 showed a level of transcriptional activity and a dose response curve against the agonist LG 100268 similar to RXR alpha 1 in reporter assay for the RXR alpha homodimer or that for the heterodimer with PPAR gamma 2 . ^^^ |
|
| Interacting proteins: Q07869 and P19793 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| COPR 1 and its longer variant COPR 2 target the AF 2 domains of NR but exhibit quantitative differences in their functional interactions with RAR , RXRalpha and PPAR . ^^^ |
|
| Interacting proteins: Q07869 and P19793 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| Western blot analysis showed that the protein level of RXR alpha , but not PPAR gamma , RXR beta , or PKC isoforms , was accumulated in the presence of proteasome inhibitors . ^^^ |
|
| Interacting proteins: Q07869 and P19793 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| METHODS : Full length PPARgamma and retinoid 10 receptor alpha ( RXRalpha ) , biotinylated PPAR response element ( PPRE ) , [ 3H ] BRL 49653 and streptavidin coated FlashPlate or microbead were used to develop an HTS assay based on SPA technology . ^^^ |
|
| Interacting proteins: Q07869 and P19793 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| METHODS : mRNA expression levels for peroxisome proliferator activated receptor ( PPAR ) alpha , gamma and delta , PPARgamma co factor 1 alpha and beta ( PGC 1 alpha and beta ) , 9 cis retinoc acid activated receptor alpha , beta and gamma ( RXR alpha , beta , gamma ) , 5 ' AMP activated protein kinase ( AMPK ) alpha 1 and alpha 2 , adiponectin receptor 1 and 2 ( AR 1 and AR 2 ) were measured in heart tissue of neonatal 0 day , 7 day and 21 day old rats . ^^^ |
|
| Interacting proteins: Q07869 and P19793 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| LXRalpha bound directly to PPARalpha , as well as to the common heterodimerization partner 9 cis retinoic acid receptor ( RXRalpha ) . ^^^ However , LXRalpha inhibited binding of PPARalpha / RXRalpha heterodimers to PPREs , and coexpression of LXRalpha in mammalian cells antagonized peroxisome proliferator signaling mediated by PPARalpha / RXRalpha in vivo . ^^^ |
|
| Interacting proteins: Q07869 and P19793 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| Gel shift analysis showed that PPARalpha , either alone or with RXRalpha , did not bind the S14TRR . ^^^ However , PPARalpha interfered with TRbeta / RXRalpha binding to a TRE ( DR+4 ) . ^^^ Functional studies showed that co transfected RXRalpha , but not T 3 receptor beta 1 ( TRbeta 1 ) , abrogated the inhibitory effect of PPARalpha on S 14 gene transcription . ^^^ |
|
| Interacting proteins: Q07869 and P19793 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| RESULTS : Employing the peroxisome proliferator responsive enhancer of the rat AOX gene , we analysed the minimal sequence requirements for enhancer activity and PPARalpha / RXRalpha binding . ^^^ We also suggest that PPARalpha binds to the downstream half site , whereas RXRalpha binds to the upstream half site of the AOX DR 1 . ^^^ CONCLUSIONS : An extended half site of 10 bp , but not a simple 6 bp half site , is required for the PPARalpha binding , upon heterodimer formation with RXRalpha . ^^^ The binding polarity of PPARalpha / RXRalpha seems to be opposite to that of other RXR involving heterodimers . . ^^^ |
|
| Interacting proteins: Q07869 and P19793 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| Two hybrid analysis showed that TAK 1 does not form heterodimers with either PPARalpha or retinoid 10 receptor ( RXRalpha ) , indicating that this repression does not involve a mechanism by which TAK 1 titrates out PPARalpha or RXRalpha from PPAR . ^^^ RXRalpha transactivation act at least at two levels in the PPARalpha signaling pathway : competition of TAK 1 with PPARalpha . ^^^ |
|
| Interacting proteins: Q07869 and P19793 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| H4IIEC3 cells had higher levels of retinoid 10 receptor ( RXRalpha ) than CV 1 cells ; cotransfection of CV 1 cells with PPARalpha plus RXRalpha expression plasmids abolished the cell line difference in basal and clofibrate stimulated expression of the reporter . ^^^ |
|
| Interacting proteins: Q07869 and P19793 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| To investigate potential subtype and response element dependent differences in transcriptional activation by PPARs , we expressed PPARalpha or PPARgamma 2 , along with RXRalpha , in the yeast Saccharoromyces cerevisiae and compared their ability to activate transcription of reporter genes containing a PPRE from either the rat acyl CoA oxidase ( AOx ) or hydratase dehydrogenase ( HD ) gene . ^^^ PPRE dependent transcriptional activation by PPARalpha correlated with binding efficiencies of PPARalpha / RXRalpha to the response element . ^^^ |
|
| Interacting proteins: Q07869 and P19793 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| PPARalpha / RXRalpha positively regulate transcription from this element , and co expression of Rev ErbA blocks this effect . ^^^ A chimera linking the zinc finger domain of RXRalpha to the CTE from PPARalpha bound to a single extended binding site indicating a functional role for the CTE of PPARs in extended binding site recognition . . ^^^ |
|
| Interacting proteins: Q07869 and P19793 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| Experiments using DNA binding and competition assays showed that the proximal element B ( 87 / 72 ) binds strongly , in addition to HNF 4 , ARP 1 , EAR 2 , and EAR 3 , heterodimers of RXRalpha with RARalpha , and less efficiently , homodimers of RARalpha and heterodimers of RXRalpha with T3Rbeta or PPARalpha . ^^^ |
|
| Interacting proteins: Q07869 and P19793 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| Also PPARalpha retinoid 10 receptor alpha ( RXRalpha ) heterodimer was capable of binding to the CRBPII RXRE and RE 3 elements and these binding activities were enhanced by addition of some PPARalpha ligands in the gel shift assay . ^^^ |
|
| Interacting proteins: Q07869 and P19793 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| NCoR was found to suppress PPARalpha dependent transcriptional activation in the context of a PPARalpha . retinoid 10 receptor alpha ( RXRalpha ) heterodimeric complex bound to a peroxisome proliferator responsive element in human embryonic kidney 293 cells . ^^^ |
|
| Interacting proteins: Q07869 and P19793 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| It could be repressed by co transfection with RXRalpha and adding PPARalpha relieved this inhibition . . ^^^ |
|
| Interacting proteins: Q07869 and P19793 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| When cotransfected with the expression vectors for PPARalpha and RXRalpha , Wy 14 , 643 reduced human and rat cholesterol 7alpha hydroxylase gene ( CYP7A1 ) / luciferase reporter activities by 88 % and 43 % , respectively , in HepG 2 cells , but not in CV 1 or CHO cells . ^^^ Electrophoretic mobility shift assay ( EMSA ) showed no direct binding of in vitro synthesized PPARalpha / RXRalpha heterodimer to the DR 1 sequence . ^^^ However , Wy 14 , 643 and PPARalpha / RXRalpha significantly reduced HNF 4 expression in HepG 2 cells . ^^^ |
|
| Interacting proteins: Q07869 and P19793 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| PRIP also binds to PPARalpha , RARalpha , RXRalpha , ER , and TRbeta 1 , and this binding is increased in the presence of specific ligands . ^^^ |
|
| Interacting proteins: Q07869 and P19793 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| Although such mice are viable , molecular and biochemical parameters indicate that every one of the examined metabolic pathways in the liver ( mediated by RXR heterodimerization with PPARalpha , CARbeta , PXR , LXR , and FXR ) is compromised in the absence of RXRalpha . ^^^ |
|
| Interacting proteins: Q07869 and P19793 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| Peroxisome proliferators inhibit CYP4F2 gene promoter activity and cotransfection with PPARalpha or PPARalpha / RXRalpha can slightly attenuate this inhibition . ^^^ Therefore , the CYP4F2 gene is repressed by peroxisomal proliferators and induced by retinoic acid , with RAR / RXRalpha mediating the induction while PPARalpha / RXR functions neither in the repression nor in the induction by peroxisomal proliferators or retinoic acid . . ^^^ |
|
| Interacting proteins: Q07869 and P19793 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| Retinoid 10 receptor alpha ( RXRalpha ) serves as an active partner of peroxisome proliferator activated receptor ( PPARalpha ) . ^^^ In order to dissect the functional role of RXRalpha and PPARalpha in PPARalpha mediated pathways , the hepatocyte RXRalpha deficient mice have been challenged with physiological and pharmacological stresses , fasting and Wy 14 , 643 , respectively . ^^^ The data demonstrate that RXRalpha and PPARalpha deficiency are different in several aspects . ^^^ At the basal untreated level , RXRalpha deficiency resulted in marked induction of apolipoprotein A 1 and C 3 ( apoA 1 and apoC 3 ) mRNA levels and serum cholesterol and triglyceride levels , which was not found in PPARalpha null mice . ^^^ Fasting induced PPARalpha activation was drastically prevented in the absence of hepatocyte RXRalpha . ^^^ |
|
| Interacting proteins: Q07869 and P19793 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| Differences in the induction of UCP 3 between these cells correlated well with the higher expression of PPARalpha and RXRalpha mRNA values in preadipocytes compared to adipocytes . ^^^ |
|
| Interacting proteins: Q07869 and P19793 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| High expression of the peroxisome proliferator activated receptor alpha ( PPARalpha ) differentiates brown fat from white , and is related to its high capacity of lipid oxidation . ^^^ Transient transfection assays indicated that the ( 4551 ) UCP 1 CAT construct , containing the 5 ' regulatory region of the rat ucp 1 gene , was activated by PPARalpha co transfection in a dose dependent manner and this activation was potentiated by Wy 14 , 643 and retinoid 10 receptor alpha . ^^^ |
|
| Interacting proteins: Q07869 and P19793 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| PPARalpha is a transcriptional factor , which requires other nuclear proteins for function including retinoic acid 10 receptor ( RXRalpha ) and other regulatory proteins . ^^^ |
|
| Interacting proteins: Q07869 and P19793 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| A nuclear complex containing PPARalpha / RXRalpha is markedly downregulated in the hypertrophied rat left ventricular myocardium with normal systolic function . ^^^ Supershift experiments revealed that this complex was immunoreactive for PPARalpha and RXRalpha . ^^^ However , immunoblot analyses showed no difference in LV expression levels of PPARalpha or RXRalpha between DSs and DRs . ^^^ These findings indicate that a nuclear complex of PPARalpha / RXRalpha is present in adult rat LV and is markedly downregulated in the hypertrophied LV from DS rats , which may account for the loss of transcriptional activation . ^^^ |
|
| Interacting proteins: Q07869 and P19793 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| Phytanic acid , a known retinoic 10 receptor ( RXRalpha ) and peroxisome proliferator activating receptor ( PPARalpha ) activator , also activated PPARdelta , and to a lesser degree PPARgamma , in a transactivation assay . ^^^ |
|
| Interacting proteins: Q07869 and P19793 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| DNA protein binding studies demonstrated that exposure to cisplatin reduces PPARalpha / retinoid 10 receptor ( RXRalpha ) binding activity . ^^^ Immunoblotting studies demonstrated that cisplatin had no effect on nuclear levels of PPARalpha or RXRalpha protein . ^^^ |
|
| Interacting proteins: Q07869 and P19793 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| The promoter regions of the genes encoding the first two enzymes of the peroxisomal beta oxidation pathway , acyl CoA oxidase ( AOx ) and enoyl CoA hydratase / 3 hydroxyacyl CoA dehydrogenase ( HD ) , contain transcriptional regulatory sequences termed peroxisome proliferator response elements ( PPRE ) that are bound by the peroxisome proliferator activated receptor alpha ( PPARalpha ) and 9 cis retinoic acid receptor ( RXRalpha ) heterodimeric complex . ^^^ SHP has been proposed to act as a negative regulator of nuclear hormone receptor activity , and SHP inhibited transcription by PPARalpha / RXRalpha heterodimers from the AOx PPRE . ^^^ Surprisingly , SHP potentiated transcription by PPARalpha / RXRalpha heterodimers from the HD PPRE . ^^^ Together , these results suggest that SHP can modulate PPARalpha / RXRalpha mediated transcription in a response element specific manner . . ^^^ |
|
| Interacting proteins: Q07869 and P19793 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| Electrophoretic mobility shift assay revealed that both PPARalpha RXRalpha and PPARdelta RXRalpha heterodimers , specifically and in a dose dependent manner , bound to the two PPRE like elements of the rat CRBPII gene as well as the known PPREs in the L FABP and acyl CoA oxidase genes . ^^^ The binding of the PPARalpha RXRalpha heterodimer to the CRBPII RXRE , the CRBPII RE 3 , and the PPREs of L FABP , HMG CoA synthase , and acyl CoA oxidase was gradually diminished by the addition of increasing amounts of PPARdelta . ^^^ The binding of the PPARdelta RXRalpha heterodimer to CRBPII RXRE , CRBPII RE 3 , and other PPREs was also gradually reduced by the addition of increasing amounts of PPARalpha . ^^^ Using Escherichia coli expressed RXRalpha , we showed that the mutual competition for RXRalpha with PPARalpha and PPARdelta occurred at the protein level . ^^^ |
|
| Interacting proteins: Q07869 and P19793 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| Immunoblotting studies demonstrated that whereas hypoxia had no effect on nuclear levels of PPARalpha protein , nuclear and cellular RXRalpha levels were reduced . ^^^ |
|
| Interacting proteins: Q07869 and P19793 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| HK 2 cells express detectable levels of PPARalpha and its dimerization partner the retinoid 10 receptor ( RXRalpha ) proteins . ^^^ |
|
| Interacting proteins: Q07869 and P19793 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| The nuclear hormone receptors HNF 4 and RXRalpha plus PPARalpha appear to have a critical role in governing pregenomic RNA synthesis from the core promoter in cell culture and probably represent a major determinant governing the hepatotropism of this virus . ^^^ |
|
| Interacting proteins: Q07869 and P19793 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| The decrease in expression of RXRalpha , beta , and gamma , PPARalpha and delta , and TRalpha and beta , and of the coactivators CBP / p300 , SRC 1 , SRC 3 , TRAP 220 , and PGC 1 and the genes they regulate , induced by LPS in the heart , could account for the decreased expression of key proteins required for fatty acid oxidation and thereby play an important role in cardiac contractility . ^^^ |
|
| Interacting proteins: Q07869 and P19793 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| PPARalpha , beta , gamma , RXRalpha , beta and gamma were expressed in both junctional ( invasive / endocrine function ) and labyrinth ( transport barrier ) zones of the rat placenta , from day 13 to day 21 of gestation . ^^^ In the human term placenta , PPARalpha , beta , gamma , RXRalpha and gamma were observed , while RXRbeta was not detected . ^^^ Immunocytochemistry staining results determined the presence of PPARalpha , beta , gamma , RXRalpha and gamma to be specific to the syncytial trophoblast layer of the human chorionic villi . ^^^ |
|
| Interacting proteins: Q07869 and P19793 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| The 385 / 373 sequence also interacted with a mixture of in vitro translated PPARalpha retinoic acid receptor 10 ( RXR ) alpha , but by themselves neither PPARalpha nor RXRalpha could bind to the Delta 6 desaturase DR 1 . ^^^ |
|
| Interacting proteins: Q07869 and P19793 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| In vitro protein binding assays demonstrated that activation of LXR by an LXR agonist promoted formation of LXR / RXRalpha and , more importantly , LXR / PPARalpha heterodimers , leading to a reduction of PPARalpha / RXRalpha formation . ^^^ |
|
| Interacting proteins: Q07869 and P19793 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| PPARalpha was downregulated , RXRalpha expression was unchanged , and RARalpha and VDR showed only transient increases . ^^^ |
|
| Interacting proteins: Q07869 and P19793 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| In contrast , RT PCR analysis revealed marked down regulation of the nuclear receptors RXRalpha , PXR , FXR , LXR , PPARalpha and CAR . ^^^ |
|
| Interacting proteins: Q07869 and P19793 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| In this study , we have analysed the effects of interaction with RXRalpha , CBP , and N CoR and also the implication of phosphorylation on ubiquitination and stability of PPARalpha . ^^^ Our results show that interaction of PPARalpha with RXRalpha or CBP leads to an increase in the turnover of the protein . ^^^ |
|
| Interacting proteins: Q07869 and P19793 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| We detected RNA expression of PPARalpha , PPARbeta , PPARgamma , retinoid 10 receptor alpha , liver 10 receptor alpha ( LXRalpha ) and pregnane 10 receptor but not FXR in freshly isolated and 7 day maintained sebaceous glands . ^^^ |
|
| Interacting proteins: Q07869 and P19793 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| We also tested HepG 2 cells with the afore mentioned treatments and evaluated their effects on PPARalpha and RXRalpha protein . ^^^ In HepG 2 cells , PPARalpha and RXRalpha protein expression was decreased by S . ^^^ |
|
| Interacting proteins: Q07869 and P19793 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| Peroxisome proliferator activated receptors ( PPARalpha , beta , and gamma ) and 9 cis retinoic acid receptors ( RXRalpha , beta , and gamma ) are nuclear hormone transcription factors that control FA homeostasis , in part through the regulation of expression of membrane bound FA transporting proteins . ^^^ PPARalpha , PPARbeta , PPARgamma , RXRalpha , FABPpm , and FAT / CD36 isoforms exhibited ubiquitous expression in human GI tract , whereas RXRbeta was not detected . ^^^ |
|
| Interacting proteins: Q07869 and P19793 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| Between 7 and 14 DIV , C / EBPalpha , PPARalpha , RXRalpha and glycogen content increased . ^^^ |
|
| Interacting proteins: Q07869 and P19793 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| Mutation of T 129 or S 179 to alanine prevented heterodimerization of PPARalpha with RXRalpha , lowered the level of phosphorylation by PKCalpha and PKCdelta in vitro , and lowered the level of phosphorylation of transfected PPARalpha in transfected cells . ^^^ |
|
| Interacting proteins: Q07869 and P19793 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| Changes in the levels of CYP4A1 , PPARalpha , and RXRalpha mRNA expression in the liver following overdose of fat free or fat containing total parenteral nutrition ( TPN ) were studied in 3 week old male Sprague Dawley rats . ^^^ Levels of CYP4A1 , PPARalpha , and RXRalpha mRNA in the fat free TPN group were significantly lower than those in the other groups . ^^^ Levels of CYP4A1 and PPARalpha mRNA were strongly correlated ( r=0 . 849 ) , and levels of CYP4A1 and RXRalpha mRNA were weakly correlated ( r=0 . 618 ) . ^^^ |
|
| Interacting proteins: Q07869 and P19793 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| KIAA 1769 encodes a 2080 amino acid protein ( molecular mass , 231 kDa ) that was recently identified to interact with PPARalpha and termed PPARalpha interacting cofactor 285 ( here referred to as PPARgamma DBD interacting protein 1 ( PDIP 1 ) alpha ) . ^^^ PDIP1alpha and beta similarly augmented transactivation by PPARalpha , PPARdelta , thyroid hormone receptor ( TR ) alpha 1 , TRbeta 1 , and retinoid 10 receptor alpha . ^^^ |
|
| Interacting proteins: Q07869 and P19793 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| In vitro binding and cell culture studies have identified many transcription factors as prospective targets for fatty acid regulation , including peroxisome proliferator activated receptors ( PPARalpha , beta , gamma 1 , and gamma 2 ) , sterol regulatory element binding protein 1c ( SREBP 1c ) , hepatic nuclear factors ( HNF 4alpha and gamma ) , retinoid 10 receptor ( RXRalpha ) , liver 10 receptor ( LXRalpha ) , and others . ^^^ |
|
| Interacting proteins: Q07869 and P19793 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| Electrophoretic mobility shift assays demonstrated that PPARalpha and RXRalpha are able to bind to the SR BI PPRE motif . ^^^ In addition , mutational analysis studies confirmed that this PPRE motif is responsible for the PPARalpha / RXRalpha dependent activation of the rat SR BI promoter in the cell lines examined . . ^^^ |
|
| Interacting proteins: Q07869 and P19793 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| NA |
|
| Interacting proteins: Q07869 and P19793 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| NA |
|
| Interacting proteins: Q07869 and P19793 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| NA |
|
| Interacting proteins: Q07869 and P19793 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| NA |
|
| Interacting proteins: Q07869 and P19793 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| NA |
|
| Interacting proteins: Q07869 and P19793 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| NA |
|
| Interacting proteins: Q07869 and P19793 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| NA |
|
| Interacting proteins: Q07869 and P19793 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| NA |
|
| Interacting proteins: Q07869 and P19793 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| NA |
|
| Interacting proteins: Q07869 and P19793 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| NA |
|
| Interacting proteins: Q07869 and P19793 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| NA |
|
| Interacting proteins: Q07869 and P19793 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| NA |
|
| Interacting proteins: Q07869 and P19793 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| NA |
|
| Interacting proteins: Q07869 and P19793 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| NA |
|
| Interacting proteins: Q07869 and P19793 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| NA |
|
| Interacting proteins: Q07869 and P19793 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| NA |
|
| Interacting proteins: Q07869 and P19793 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| NA |
|
| Interacting proteins: Q07869 and P19793 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| NA |
|
| Interacting proteins: Q07869 and P19793 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| NA |
|
| Interacting proteins: Q07869 and P19793 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| NA |
|
| Interacting proteins: Q07869 and P19793 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| NA |
|
| Interacting proteins: Q07869 and P19793 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| NA |
|
| Interacting proteins: Q07869 and P19793 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| NA |
|
| Interacting proteins: Q07869 and P19793 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| NA |
|
| Interacting proteins: Q07869 and P19793 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| NA |
|
| Interacting proteins: Q07869 and P19793 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| NA |
|
| Interacting proteins: Q07869 and P19793 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| NA |
|
| Interacting proteins: Q07869 and P19793 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| NA |
|
| Interacting proteins: Q07869 and P19793 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| NA |
|
| Interacting proteins: Q07869 and P19793 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| NA |
|
| Interacting proteins: Q07869 and P19793 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| NA |
|
| Interacting proteins: Q07869 and P19793 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| NA |
|
| Interacting proteins: Q07869 and P19793 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| NA |
|
| Interacting proteins: Q07869 and P19793 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| NA |
|
| Interacting proteins: Q07869 and P19793 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| NA |
|
| Interacting proteins: Q07869 and P19793 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| NA |
|
| Interacting proteins: Q07869 and P19793 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| NA |
|
| Interacting proteins: Q07869 and P19793 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| NA |
|
| Interacting proteins: Q07869 and P19793 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| NA |
|
| Interacting proteins: Q07869 and P19793 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| NA |
|
| Interacting proteins: Q07869 and P19793 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| NA |
|