| Interacting proteins: O43502 and Q06609 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| In mammalian cells , five genes in this family have been identified ( HsRAD 51 , XRCC 2 , XRCC 3 , RAD51B / hREC2 and HsDMC 1 ) , and here we report the isolation of the sixth member , RAD51C . ^^^ Isolation and characterization of RAD51C , a new human member of the RAD 51 family of related genes . ^^^ Yeast two hybrid experiments indicate that the Rad51C protein binds to two other members of the Rad 51 protein family ( Xrcc 3 and Rad51B ) but not to itself . ^^^ These findings suggest that Rad51C may function similarly to the yeast Rad 55 or Rad 57 proteins , rather than as a Rad 51 functional homolog . . ^^^ |
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| Interacting proteins: O43502 and Q06609 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| Previously we reported that HsRad 51 interacts with XRCC 3 , and Rad51C interacts with XRCC 3 , Rad51B , and HsRad 51 . ^^^ Five human Rad 51 paralogs have been identified ( XRCC 2 , XRCC 3 , Rad51B / Rad51L1 , Rad51C / Rad51L2 , and Rad51D / Rad51L3 ) , and each interacts with one or more of the others . ^^^ |
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| Interacting proteins: O43502 and Q06609 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| In this study , a two hybrid analysis conducted with the use of a human brain cDNA library revealed that the major Xrcc 3 interacting protein is a Rad 51 paralog , Rad51C / Rad51L2 . ^^^ |
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| Interacting proteins: O43502 and Q06609 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| Five paralogs of RAD 51 , known as RAD51B , RAD51C , RAD51D , XRCC 2 , and XRCC 3 , have been identified and also shown to be required for recombination and genome stability . ^^^ As a first step toward understanding the roles of the RAD 51 paralogs in recombination , the human RAD51C and XRCC 3 proteins were overexpressed and purified from baculovirus infected insect cells . ^^^ |
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| Interacting proteins: O43502 and Q06609 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| RAD51C interacts with RAD51B and is central to a larger protein complex in vivo exclusive of RAD 51 . ^^^ RAD51B and RAD51C are two of five known paralogs of the human RAD 51 protein that are thought to function in both homologous recombination and DNA double strand break repair . ^^^ We extended these observations to examine the interaction between the RAD51B / RAD51C complex and the other RAD 51 paralogs . ^^^ Further analysis is required to elucidate the function of the RAD51B / RAD51C heterocomplex and its association with the other RAD 51 paralogs in the processes of homologous recombination and DNA double strand break repair . . ^^^ |
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| Interacting proteins: O43502 and Q06609 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| Cells defective in any of the RAD 51 paralogs ( RAD51B , RAD51C , RAD51D , XRCC 2 , and XRCC 3 ) are sensitive to DNA cross linking agents and to ionizing radiation . ^^^ |
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| Interacting proteins: O43502 and Q06609 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| We also examined the functional interaction of Rad51B Rad51C with Rad 51 and RPA . ^^^ This recombination mediator function of Rad51B Rad51C is likely required for the assembly of the Rad 51 ssDNA nucleoprotein filament in vivo . . ^^^ |
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| Interacting proteins: O43502 and Q06609 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| Interactions involving the Rad 51 paralogs Rad51C and XRCC 3 in human cells . ^^^ Homologous recombinational repair of DNA double strand breaks and crosslinks in human cells is likely to require Rad 51 and the five Rad 51 paralogs ( XRCC 2 , XRCC 3 , Rad51B / Rad51L1 , Rad51C / Rad51L2 and Rad51D / Rad51L3 ) , as has been shown in chicken and rodent cells . ^^^ These results argue that there are at least two complexes of Rad 51 paralogs in human cells ( Rad51C XRCC 3 and Rad51B Rad51C Rad51D XRCC 2 ) , both containing Rad51C . ^^^ |
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| Interacting proteins: O43502 and Q06609 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| Involvement of Rad51C in two distinct protein complexes of Rad 51 paralogs in human cells . ^^^ Genetic studies in rodent and chicken mutant cell lines have suggested that Rad 51 paralogs ( XRCC 2 , XRCC 3 , Rad51B / Rad51L1 , Rad51C / Rad51L2 and Rad51D / Rad51L3 ) play important roles in homologous recombinational repair of DNA double strand breaks and in maintaining chromosome stability . ^^^ By utilizing immunoprecipitation with extracts of human cells expressing epitope tagged Rad 51 paralogs , we demonstrate that XRCC 2 and Rad51D , while stably interacting with each other , co precipitate with Rad51C but not with XRCC 3 . ^^^ In addition , we demonstrate that Rad 51 co precipitates with XRCC 3 but not with XRCC 2 or Rad51D , suggesting that Rad 51 can be present in an XRCC 3 Rad51C Rad 51 complex . ^^^ |
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| Interacting proteins: O43502 and Q06609 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| These RAD 51 like proteins form two different complexes , but only the RAD51L2 ( RAD51C ) protein is a part of both complexes . ^^^ |
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| Interacting proteins: O43502 and Q06609 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| Similarly , human RAD 51 paralogues , including RAD51B , RAD51C , RAD51D , XRCC 2 , XRCC 3 and DMC 1 , are not predicted to bind the BRC repeat . ^^^ |
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| Interacting proteins: O43502 and Q06609 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| Moreover , depletion of RAD51C from fractionated human extracts caused a loss of branch migration and resolution activity , but these functions were restored by complementation with a variety of RAD 51 paralog complexes containing RAD51C . ^^^ |
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| Interacting proteins: O43502 and Q06609 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| Rad 51 like proteins have been identified from yeast ( Rad 55 , Rad 57 and Dmc 1 ) to vertebrates ( Rad51B , Rad51C , Rad51D , Xrcc 2 , Xrcc 3 and Dmc 1 ) . ^^^ |
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| Interacting proteins: O43502 and Q06609 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| The formation of RAD 51 foci in response to DNA damage is dependent upon BRCA 2 and a series of proteins known as the RAD 51 paralogues ( RAD51B , RAD51C , RAD51D , XRCC 2 and XRCC 3 ) , indicating that the components present within foci assemble in a carefully orchestrated and ordered manner . ^^^ |
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| Interacting proteins: O43502 and Q06609 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| The five RAD 51 paralogs ( RAD51B , RAD51C , RAD51D , XRCC 2 , and XRCC 3 ) are required in mammalian cells for normal levels of genetic recombination and resistance to DNA damaging agents . ^^^ |
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| Interacting proteins: O43502 and Q06609 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| In addition to Rad 51 protein , five paralogs have been identified : Rad51B / Rad51L1 , Rad51C / Rad51L2 , Rad51D / Rad51L3 , XRCC 2 , and XRCC 3 . ^^^ To further characterize a subset of these proteins , recombinant Rad 51 , Rad51B ( His ) ( 6 ) , and Rad51C proteins were individually expressed employing the baculovirus system , and each was purified from Sf 9 insect cells . ^^^ Rad51C heterodimer , which interacts weakly with Rad 51 . ^^^ The ability to bind DNA was elevated with mixed Rad 51 and Rad51C , as well as with mixed Rad51B and Rad51C , compared with that of the individual protein . ^^^ By analogy to the yeast Rad 55 and Rad 57 , our results suggest that Rad51B and Rad51C function through interactions with the human Rad 51 recombinase and play a crucial role in the homologous recombinational repair pathway . . ^^^ |
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| Interacting proteins: O43502 and Q06609 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| Superposition of the Xrcc 3 Tyr139 and Phe 249 residues on the RecA structure suggested that Tyr 139 may function to ensure proper folding and Phe 249 may be important to constitute the Rad51C binding interface in Xrcc3 . . ^^^ |
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| Interacting proteins: O43502 and Q06609 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| A synthetic peptide composed of residues 14 25 of RAD51C fused to a membrane transduction sequence [ protein transduction domain 4 ( PTD 4 ) ] , inhibited subnuclear assembly of RAD 51 recombinase , and sensitized Chinese hamster ovary cells to cisplatin when added to growth medium . ^^^ |
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| Interacting proteins: O43502 and Q06609 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| The Rad51B , Rad51C , Rad51D and Xrcc 2 proteins are Rad 51 paralogs , and form a complex ( BCDX 2 complex ) in mammalian cells . ^^^ |
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| Interacting proteins: O43502 and Q06609 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| In vertebrates , five Rad 51 paralogs ( Rad51B , Rad51C , Rad51D , XRCC 2 , and XRCC 3 ) are expressed in mitotically growing cells and are thought to play mediating roles in homologous recombination , although their precise functions remain unclear . ^^^ |
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| Interacting proteins: O43502 and Q06609 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| The Chinese hamster cell mutant , CL V4B that is mutated in the Rad 51 paralog gene , Rad51C ( RAD51L2 ) , has been described to exhibit increased sensitivity to DNA cross linking agents , genomic instability , and an impaired Rad 51 foci formation in response to DNA damage . ^^^ The reduced HR events described here help to explain the deficient phenotypes observed in Rad51C mutants and support an accessory role of Rad51C in Rad 51 mediated recombination . . ^^^ |
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| Interacting proteins: O43502 and Q06609 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| Formation of DNA damaged induced nuclear Rad 51 foci requires Xrcc 3 and the other Rad 51 paralog proteins ( Rad51B , Rad51C , Rad51D , Xrcc 2 ) , thus supporting a model in which an early function of Xrcc 3 involves promoting assembly of active Rad 51 repair complexes . ^^^ |
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| Interacting proteins: O43502 and Q06609 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| Comparison of the characteristics of brca2tr cells with those of other HR deficient DT 40 clones revealed marked similarities with rad 51 paralog mutants ( rad51b , rad51c , rad51d , xrcc 2 , or xrcc 3 cells ) . ^^^ Although recent evidence supports at least Xrcc 3 and Rad51C playing a role late in HR , our data suggest that Brca 2 and the Rad 51 paralogs may also contribute to HR at the same early step , with their loss resulting in the stimulation of an alternative , error prone repair pathway . . ^^^ |
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| Interacting proteins: O43502 and Q06609 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| Rad51B is one of the five paralogs of human Rad 51 and is found in a multiprotein complex with three other Rad 51 paralogs , Rad51C , Rad51D and Xrcc 2 . ^^^ |
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| Interacting proteins: O43502 and Q06609 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| In mitotically dividing vertebrate cells , the primary proteins involved in homologous recombination repair are RAD 51 and the five RAD 51 paralogs , RAD51B , RAD51C , RAD51D , XRCC 2 , and XRCC 3 . ^^^ |
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| Interacting proteins: O43502 and Q06609 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| In vertebrate cell cultures , the RAD 51 paralog RAD51C is also important for mitotic homologous recombination and maintenance of genome integrity . ^^^ |
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| Interacting proteins: O43502 and Q06609 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| We previously cloned and characterized two RAD 51 paralogous genes in Arabidopsis , named AtRAD51C and AtXRCC 3 , which are considered the counterparts of human RAD51C and XRCC 3 , respectively . ^^^ |
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| Interacting proteins: O43502 and Q06609 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| These include five Rad 51 paralogs , Rad51B , Rad51C , Rad51D , XRCC 2 and XRCC 3 . ^^^ |
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| Interacting proteins: O43502 and Q06609 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| We previously characterized two RAD 51 paralogous genes in Arabidopsis ( Arabidopsis thaliana ) named AtRAD51C and AtXRCC 3 , which are homologs of human RAD51C and XRCC 3 , respectively , and described the interaction of their products in a yeast two hybrid system . ^^^ |
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| Interacting proteins: O43502 and Q06609 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| Cellular localization of human Rad51C and regulation of ubiquitin mediated proteolysis of Rad 51 . ^^^ In an effort to determine how Rad 51 , Rad51C , and Xrcc 3 influence the pattern of localization of each other over the time course of DNA damage and repair , we have made the unexpected observation that Rad 51 degradation via the ubiquitin mediated proteasome pathway occurs as a natural part of recombinational DNA repair . ^^^ |
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| Interacting proteins: O43502 and Q06609 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| In mammals , HR requires the activities of the RAD 51 family ( RAD 51 , RAD51B , RAD51C , RAD51D , XRCC 2 , XRCC 3 and DMC 1 ) , each of which contains conserved ATP binding sequences ( Walker Motifs A and B ) . ^^^ |
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| Interacting proteins: O43502 and Q06609 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| The RAD 51 paralogs ( RAD51B , RAD51C , RAD51D , XRCC 2 and XRCC 3 ) play important roles in this process . ^^^ In this study , we show that human RAD 51 interacts with RAD51C XRCC 3 or RAD51B C D XRCC 2 . ^^^ In addition to being critical for RAD 51 focus formation , RAD51C localizes to DNA damage sites . ^^^ Using this system , we observed a single focus of RAD51C , RAD 51 and 53BP1 , which colocalized with gamma H2AX . ^^^ ChIPs revealed that endogenous human RAD 51 , RAD51C , RAD51D , XRCC 2 , XRCC 3 and MRE 11 proteins are recruited in the S G 2 phase of the cell cycle , while Ku 80 is recruited during G 1 . ^^^ |
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| Interacting proteins: O43502 and Q06609 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| The results showed association of Rad 51 , Rad 54 , BRCA 1 and BRCA 2 , but not Rad51C , with the nuclear matrix fraction in response to double strand breaks induction . ^^^ |
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| Interacting proteins: O43502 and Q06609 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| In vertebrates , homologous recombinational repair ( HRR ) requires RAD 51 and five RAD 51 paralogs ( XRCC 2 , XRCC 3 , RAD51B , RAD51C and RAD51D ) that all contain conserved Walker A and B ATPase motifs . ^^^ |
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| Interacting proteins: O43502 and Q06609 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| The Rad 51 like proteins , Rad51B , Rad51C , Rad51D , XRCC 2 , and XRCC 3 , have been shown to form two distinct complexes and seem to assist Rad 51 in the early stages of homologous recombination . ^^^ |
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| Interacting proteins: O43502 and Q06609 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| However , many archaeal species have two recA / RAD51 homologs ( RADA and RADB ) , and eukaryotes possess multiple members ( RAD 51 , RAD51B , RAD51C , RAD51D , DMC 1 , XRCC 2 , XRCC 3 , and recA ) . ^^^ |
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| Interacting proteins: O43502 and Q06609 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| Several members of the Rad 51 like family have been recently identified , including RAD51L2 . ^^^ |
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| Interacting proteins: O43502 and Q06609 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| Resistance of irs 3 to DNA damaging agents was significantly increased by expression of the human RAD51L2 gene , but not by other RAD 51 like genes or RAD 51 itself . ^^^ Consistent with a role for RAD51L2 in homologous recombination , irs 3 cells show a reduction in sister chromatid exchange , an increase in isochromatid breaks , and a decrease in damage dependent RAD 51 focus formation compared with wild type cells . ^^^ As recently demonstrated for human cells , we show that RAD51L2 forms part of two separate complexes of hamster RAD 51 like proteins . ^^^ Our results demonstrate that RAD51L2 has a key role in mammalian RAD 51 dependent processes , contingent on the formation of protein complexes involved in homologous recombination repair . . ^^^ |
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| Interacting proteins: O43502 and Q06609 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| The RAD 51 family of genes , including RAD 51 and the five RAD 51 like genes ( XRCC 2 , XRCC 3 , RAD51L1 , RAD51L2 , RAD51L3 ) are known to have crucial non redundant roles in this pathway . ^^^ |
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| Interacting proteins: O43502 and Q06609 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| NA |
|
| Interacting proteins: O43502 and Q06609 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| NA |
|
| Interacting proteins: O43502 and Q06609 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| NA |
|
| Interacting proteins: O43502 and Q06609 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| NA |
|
| Interacting proteins: O43502 and Q06609 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| NA |
|
| Interacting proteins: O43502 and Q06609 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| NA |
|
| Interacting proteins: O43502 and Q06609 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| NA |
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