| Interacting proteins: Q92583 and P51679 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.95856346 |
| Taken together , TARC is a specific functional ligand for CCR 4 , and CCR 4 is the specific receptor for TARC selectively expressed on T cells . . 0.95856346^^^ |
|
| Interacting proteins: Q92583 and P51679 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| The most active chemokines for resting Th ( IL 10 ) , in terms of calcium mobilization and in vitro migration , were in order of potency : CCL 2 ( monocyte chemoattractant protein 1 , CCR 2 ligand ) , CCL 4 ( macrophage inflammatory protein 1beta , CCR 5 ligand ) , CCL 3 ( macrophage inflammatory protein 1alpha , CCR1 / 5 ligand ) , CCL 17 ( thymus and activation regulated chemokine , CCR 4 ligand ) , CCL 1 ( 1 309 , CCR 8 ligand ) , CXCL 12 ( stromal derived factor 1 , CXCR 4 ) , and CCL 11 ( eotaxin , CCR 3 ligand ) . ^^^ |
|
| Interacting proteins: Q92583 and P51679 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| Thymus and activation regulated chemokine ( TARC ; CCL 17 ) is a lymphocyte directed CC chemokine that specifically chemoattracts CC chemokine receptor 4 positive ( CCR 4 ( + ) ) Th 2 cells . ^^^ |
|
| Interacting proteins: Q92583 and P51679 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| Importantly , mature dendritic cells preferentially attract Treg cells among circulating CD 4 ( + ) T cells , by secretion of CCR 4 ligands CCL 17 and CCL 22 . ^^^ |
|
| Interacting proteins: Q92583 and P51679 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| Type 2 T cells have been shown to be preferentially recruited by the chemokines eotaxin ( CCL 11 ) , macrophage derived chemokine ( MDC , CCL 22 ) , and thymus activation regulated chemokine ( CCL 17 ) through their interaction with CCR 3 and CCR 4 , respectively , whereas type 1 T cells are mainly recruited by IFN gamma induced protein 10 ( CXCL 10 ) through CXCR 3 binding . ^^^ |
|
| Interacting proteins: Q92583 and P51679 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| Among CCR 4 ligands , skin vessels endothelial cells present C C chemokine ligand ( CCL ) 17 but not CCL 22 consistent with CCL 17 involvement in T lymphocyte arrest on endothelial cells . ^^^ The dominance of CCL 22 over CCL 17 extends to other CCR 4 mediated phenomena such as receptor desensitization and internalization and correlates with the peculiar kinetics of CCR 4 engagement by the two ligands . ^^^ |
|
| Interacting proteins: Q92583 and P51679 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| Type 1 chemokines CXC chemokine ligand ( CXCL ) 9 and CXCL 10 ( monokine induced by IFN gamma and IFN gamma inducible protein of 10 kDa : CXCR 3 ligands ) , and type 2 chemokines CC chemokine ligand ( CCL ) 11 ( eotaxin : CCR 3 ligand ) , CCL 17 ( thymus and activation regulated chemokine : CCR 4 ligand ) and CCL 22 ( monocyte derived chemokine : CCR 4 ligand ) were readily detectable in the plasma of most participants . ^^^ |
|
| Interacting proteins: Q92583 and P51679 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| Three chemokines in particular , CXCL 12 ( SDF 1 ) , CCL 17 ( TARC ) , and CCL 22 ( MDC ) , recently have been shown to be strong and rapid activators of platelet aggregation and adhesion after their binding to platelet CXCR 4 or CCR 4 , when acting in combination with low levels of primary agonists . ^^^ |
|
| Interacting proteins: Q92583 and P51679 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| OBJECTIVES : We tested the hypothesis that the chemokines thymus and activation regulated chemokine ( TARC ) ( CCL 17 ) and macrophage derived chemokine ( MDC ) ( CCL 22 ) , whose receptor is CCR 4 , and 1 309 ( CCL 1 ) , whose receptor is CCR 8 , would be released at sites of segmental allergen challenge . ^^^ |
|
| Interacting proteins: Q92583 and P51679 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| Dominance of CCL 22 over CCL 17 in induction of chemokine receptor CCR 4 desensitization and internalization on human Th 2 cells . ^^^ Two chemokines , CCL 17 and CCL 22 , activate the chemokine receptor CCR 4 , expressed on functionally distinct subsets of T cells : cutaneous leukocyte associated antigen ( CLA ) + skin homing , T helper ( Th ) 2 , and CD25+ T suppressor cells . ^^^ Here , we compared the ability of CCL 17 and CCL 22 to promote CCR 4 internalization as a mechanism of regulation of receptor function on human Th 2 cells . ^^^ We report that CCL 22 is a potent and rapid inducer of CCR 4 internalization , while CCL 17 is not . ^^^ The differential CCR 4 desensitization and internalization reported here and the distinct expression patterns of CCL 17 and CCL 22 observed in vivo suggest that while CCL 17 may act first on CCR 4 at the endothelial surface to promote vascular recognition , CCL 22 could subsequently engage the receptor within the tissue microenvironment to guide cellular localization . . ^^^ |
|
| Interacting proteins: Q92583 and P51679 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| The CCR 4 agonists CC chemokine ligand 17 ( CCL 17 ) and CCL 22 bound to D 6 with high affinity . ^^^ CCL 17 and CCL 22 have no agonistic activity for D 6 ( chemotaxis and calcium fluxes ) , but were rapidly scavenged , resulting in reduced chemotactic activity on CCR 4 transfectants . ^^^ The results presented in this study show that D 6 recognizes and scavenges a wide spectrum of inflammatory CC chemokines , including the CCR 4 agonists CCL 22 and CCL 17 . ^^^ |
|
| Interacting proteins: Q92583 and P51679 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| Immunohistochemically , it was demonstrated that CCL 22 and CCL 17 were localised primarily to alveolar macrophages , whereas their receptor CC chemokine receptor 4 ( CCR 4 ) was detected on alveolar lymphocytes and macrophages . ^^^ |
|
| Interacting proteins: Q92583 and P51679 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| CCR 4 is the receptor for CCL 17 and CCL 22 therefore , to further characterize the role of CCL 17 and CCL 22 , we measured CCR 4 mRNA in lung tissue of bleomycin treated mice by real time quantitative PCR . ^^^ |
|
| Interacting proteins: Q92583 and P51679 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| Role of CCR 4 ligands , CCL 17 and CCL 22 , during Schistosoma mansoni egg induced pulmonary granuloma formation in mice . ^^^ Controversy persists pertaining to the role of CCR 4 ligands , namely CCL 17 ( or thymus and activation regulated chemokine ; TARC ) and CCL 22 ( or macrophage derived chemokine ; MDC ) , in Th 2 type cytokine dominated responses in the lung . ^^^ |
|
| Interacting proteins: Q92583 and P51679 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| BACKGROUND : Thymus and activation regulated chemokine ( TARC ; CCL 17 ) is a lymphocyte directed CC chemokine that specifically attracts T helper ( Th ) 2 cells positive for the CC chemokine receptor 4 ( CCR 4 ( + ) ) . ^^^ |
|
| Interacting proteins: Q92583 and P51679 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| Further , both CCL 17 and CCL 22 act as CCR 4 antagonists by inhibiting CCL 5 induced migration . ^^^ CONCLUSIONS : These results suggest that CCL 5 induced migration of MCs via CCR 4 can be regulated by the natural agonists CCL 17 and CCL 22 , which are up regulated at sites of allergic inflammation . . ^^^ |
|
| Interacting proteins: Q92583 and P51679 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| Through analysis of mononuclear cell infiltration in WT and IL 6 deficient mice during peritoneal inflammation , we now report that IL 6 selectively governs T cell infiltration by regulating chemokine secretion ( CXCL 10 , CCL 4 , CCL 5 , CCL 11 , and CCL 17 ) and chemokine receptor ( CCR 3 , CCR 4 , CCR 5 , and CXCR 3 ) expression on the CD3+ infiltrate . ^^^ |
|
| Interacting proteins: Q92583 and P51679 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| Serum ELISAs were performed to detect the CCR 5 ligands CCL 5 , CCL 3 ; the CXCR 3 ligands CXCL 10 , CXCL 9 ; and the CCR 4 ligand , CCL 17 before and after administration of the TNFalpha blocking agent infliximab . ^^^ |
|
| Interacting proteins: Q92583 and P51679 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| In the present study , we examined the roles of CCL 17 and CCL 22 , two CCR 4 ligands , during pulmonary invasive aspergillosis in neutropenic mice . ^^^ Mouse survival and histological analysis revealed that the receptor mediating the deleterious effects of CCL 17 was CCR 4 since mice genetically deficit in CCR 4 ( CCR 4 / ) did not develop invasive aspergillosis . ^^^ |
|
| Interacting proteins: Q92583 and P51679 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| MEASUREMENTS : We evaluated the expression of CXCR 3 and CCR 4 in blood and bronchoalveolar lavage ( BAL ) T lymphocytes by flow cytometry and the chemokine CXCL 10 , CXCL 11 and CCL 17 BAL concentration by singular immunoassay . ^^^ |
|
| Interacting proteins: Q92583 and P51679 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| In uninfected mice , IL 4 producing T cells preferentially migrated to the CCR 4 ligand , CCL 17 , whereas IFN gamma expressing T cells as well as populations of IL 4+ or IL 10+ T cells migrated to the CXCR 3 ligand , CXCL 9 . ^^^ |
|
| Interacting proteins: Q92583 and P51679 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| A series of 2 aminothiazole derived antagonists of the CCR 4 receptor has been synthesized and their affinity for the receptor evaluated using a [ ( 125 ) 1 ] TARC ( CCL 17 ) displacement assay . ^^^ |
|
| Interacting proteins: Q92583 and P51679 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| Evidence that phospholipase C dependent , calcium independent mechanisms are required for directional migration of T lymphocytes in response to the CCR 4 ligands CCL 17 and CCL 22 . ^^^ Macrophage derived chemokine [ CC chemokine ligand 22 ( CCL 22 ) ] and thymus and activation regulated chemokine ( CCL 17 ) mediate cellular effects , principally by binding to their receptor CC chemokine receptor 4 ( CCR 4 ) and together , constitute a multifunctional chemokine / receptor system with homeostatic and inflammatory roles within the body . ^^^ |
|
| Interacting proteins: Q92583 and P51679 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| We demonstrate that CD 16 ( + ) Mo preferentially differentiate into macrophages ( Mphi ) that activate resting T cells for productive HIV infection by producing the CCR 3 and CCR 4 ligands CCL 24 , CCL 2 , CCL 22 , and CCL 17 . ^^^ |
|
| Interacting proteins: Q92583 and P51679 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| CCL 17 was thought to modify the inflammation caused by sensitizing reagents as well as irritant reagents by attracting CCR 4 ( + ) cells into the lesional skin and creating a Th 2 dominant condition . ^^^ |
|
| Interacting proteins: Q92583 and P51679 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| These molecules were functional , as CLA+ Treg showed CD62E ligand activity and demonstrable chemotactic responses to the CCR 4 ligands CCL 22 and CCL 17 and to the CCR 6 ligand CCL 20 . ^^^ |
|
| Interacting proteins: Q92583 and P51679 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| This was confirmed by functional responses : only Th2s responded with an increase in [ Ca2+ ] 1 to the CCR 3 and CCR 4 agonists eotaxin and thymus and activation regulated chemokine ( TARC ) , whereas only Th0s and Th1s responded to low concentrations of the CXCR 3 agonists IFN gamma inducible protein 10 ( IP 10 ) and monokine induced by IFN gamma ( Mig ) . ^^^ |
|
| Interacting proteins: Q92583 and P51679 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| Selective recruitment of CCR 4 bearing Th 2 cells toward antigen presenting cells by the CC chemokines thymus and activation regulated chemokine and macrophage derived chemokine . ^^^ |
|
| Interacting proteins: Q92583 and P51679 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| The appearance of these responses is associated with the phenotypic stage of cortex to medulla migration and with up regulation of mRNA for the receptors CCR 4 ( for macrophage derived chemokine and thymus and activation regulated chemokine ) and CCR 7 ( for secondary lymphoid tissue chemokine and macrophage inflammatory protein 3beta ) . ^^^ |
|
| Interacting proteins: Q92583 and P51679 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| CCR 4 is the receptor for the CC chemokine TARC ( thymus and activation regulated chemokine ) , and this chemokine is expressed predominantly by keratinocytes in the basal layer of the epidermis of lesional atopic dermatitis skin in mice . ^^^ |
|
| Interacting proteins: Q92583 and P51679 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| CCR 4 , a chemokine receptor for macrophage derived chemokine ( MDC ) and thymus and activation regulated chemokine ( TARC ) , has been implicated as a preferential marker for Th 2 lymphocytes . ^^^ |
|
| Interacting proteins: Q92583 and P51679 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| Thymus and activation regulated chemokine ( TARC ) is known as a functional ligand for CC chemokine receptor 4 ( CCR 4 ) , which is selectively expressed on Th 2 lymphocytes and induces selective migration of the cells to allergic lesions . ^^^ |
|
| Interacting proteins: Q92583 and P51679 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| Cells transfected with gpCCR 4 migrated toward the human and murine orthologues of the CCR 4 ligands , macrophage derived chemokine and thymus and activation regulated chemokine . ^^^ |
|
| Interacting proteins: Q92583 and P51679 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| Recently , macrophage derived chemokine ( MDC ) / CCL22 , a CC chemokine , was identified as a selective chemoattractant for CC chemokine receptor 4 ( CCR 4 ) expressing cells , in addition to thymus and activation regulated chemokine ( TARC ) . ^^^ |
|
| Interacting proteins: Q92583 and P51679 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| These facts suggest possible involvement of two CCR 4 specific ligands i . e . , thymus and activation regulated chemokine ( TARC ) and macrophage derived chemokine ( MDC ) , in the pathogenesis of bronchial asthma via recruitment of TH 2 cells to inflammatory sites . ^^^ |
|
| Interacting proteins: Q92583 and P51679 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| Thymus and activation regulated chemokine ( TARC ) / CCL17 and macrophage derived chemokine ( MDC ) / CCL22 are a pair of CC chemokines known to selectively attract T ( h ) 2 type memory T cells via CCR 4 . ^^^ |
|
| Interacting proteins: Q92583 and P51679 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| Differential expression of thymus and activation regulated chemokine and its receptor CCR 4 in nodal and cutaneous anaplastic large cell lymphomas and Hodgkin ' s disease . ^^^ Recent studies demonstrated that Hodgkin / Reed Sternberg ( H / RS ) cells in Hodgkin ' s disease ( HD ) express thymus and activation regulated chemokine ( TARC ) , whereas reactive lymphocytes surrounding H / RS cells express its ligand , CC chemokine receptor 4 ( CCR 4 ) . ^^^ |
|
| Interacting proteins: Q92583 and P51679 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| PROBLEM : A chemokine receptor , CCR 4 preferentially expressed on type 2 helper T ( Th 2 type ) cells , and its ligand , thymus and activation regulated chemokine ( TARC / CCL ) play important roles in the recruitment of Th 2 type cells . ^^^ |
|
| Interacting proteins: Q92583 and P51679 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| Furthermore , it was found that CCR 4 mRNA was preferentially expressed in lesional skin of dogs with AD , together with the mRNA of thymus and activation regulated chemokine ( TARC ) , which is a ligand for CCR 4 . ^^^ |
|
| Interacting proteins: Q92583 and P51679 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| Thymus and activation regulated chemokine ( TARC / CCL17 ) is a member of the CC chemokines and is a chemoattractant for CC chemokine receptor 4 ( CCR 4 ) and CC chemokine receptor 8 ( CCR 8 ) expressing cells . ^^^ |
|
| Interacting proteins: Q92583 and P51679 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| Recently , thymus and activation regulated chemokine ( TARC / CCL17 ) , a CC chemokine , was identified as a selective chemoattractant for CC chemokine receptor 4 ( CCR 4 ) expressing cells . ^^^ |
|
| Interacting proteins: Q92583 and P51679 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| BACKGROUND : A Th 2 chemokine , thymus and activation regulated chemokine ( TARC / CCL17 ) , produced by keratinocytes , is implicated in the development of atopic dermatitis by recruiting CLA ( + ) CCR 4 ( + ) lymphocytes into lesional skin and its expression was induced by proinflammatory cytokines such as interferon gamma ( IFN gamma ) and tumor necrosis factor alpha ( TNF alpha ) . ^^^ |
|
| Interacting proteins: Q92583 and P51679 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| The helper ( Th ) 2 cell attracting chemokines thymus and activation regulated chemokine ( TARC ) and macrophage derived chemokine ( MDC ) are ligands for the chemokine receptor CCR 4 . ^^^ |
|
| Interacting proteins: Q92583 and P51679 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| In addition , CCR 4 , which is characteristic Th 2 helper phenotype , and its ligand thymus and activation regulated chemokine ( TARC ) , were compared with CXCR 3 , as Th 1 phenotype . ^^^ |
|
| Interacting proteins: Q92583 and P51679 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| CC chemokine receptor 4 ( CCR 4 ) has been identified as a specific receptor for both thymus and activation regulated chemokine ( TARC ) and macrophage derived chemokine ( MDC ) , and is preferentially expressed on Th 2 cells . ^^^ |
|
| Interacting proteins: Q92583 and P51679 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| Thymus and activation regulated chemokine ( TARC / CCL17 ) is a Th 2 type chemokine and its receptor CC chemokine receptor 4 ( CCR 4 ) is preferentially expressed on Th 2 cells . ^^^ |
|
| Interacting proteins: Q92583 and P51679 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| CCR 4 ( + ) ATLL cells may accumulate in the skin because of the expression of a CCR 4 ligand , thymus and activation regulated chemokine ( TARC ) , on normal and inflamed cutaneous endothelia . ^^^ |
|
| Interacting proteins: Q92583 and P51679 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| The chemokine receptor CCR 4 is expressed selectively on Th 2 lymphocytes and its ligand thymus and activation regulated chemokine ( TARC ) is upregulated in AD lesions , suggesting that the CCR10+ cells in AD lesions should also express CCR 4 . ^^^ |
|
| Interacting proteins: Q92583 and P51679 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| OBJECTIVE : The Th 2 type CC chemokine thymus and activation regulated chemokine ( TARC / CCL17 ) is one of the high affinity ligands for CCR 4 , a chemokine receptor predominantly expressed by Th 2 cells . ^^^ |
|
| Interacting proteins: Q92583 and P51679 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| Expression of CXCR 3 ligands , such as monokine induced by IFN gamma ( Mig ) leads to preferential Th 1 recruitment , whereas CCR 4 ligands , thymus and activation regulated chemokine ( TARC ) or macrophage derived chemokine ( MDC ) , mediate preferential Th 2 recruitment . ^^^ |
|
| Interacting proteins: Q92583 and P51679 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| In contrast , the transcription factor GATA 3 , the chemokines 1 309 and thymus and activation regulated chemokine ( TARC ) , and the chemokine receptors CCR 3 and CCR 4 were preferentially expressed in the Th 2 model . ^^^ |
|
| Interacting proteins: Q92583 and P51679 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| Reverse transcription PCR showed transcription of macrophage derived chemokine and thymus and activation regulated chemokine , the cognate chemokine ligands of CCR 4 , within the graft . ^^^ |
|
| Interacting proteins: Q92583 and P51679 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| The aim of this study is to investigate the possibility that CCR 4 ligands , thymus and activation regulated chemokine ( TARC ) and macrophage derived chemokine ( MDC ) , are produced by CCR 4 ( + ) ATL cells per se . ^^^ |
|
| Interacting proteins: Q92583 and P51679 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| BACKGROUND : Expression of CCR 4 ligands , such as thymus and activation regulated chemokine ( TARC ) and macrophage derived chemokine ( MDC ) , leads to preferential influx of T helper ( Th ) 2 type lymphocytes to the lesional skin in atopic dermatitis ( AD ) . ^^^ |
|
| Interacting proteins: Q92583 and P51679 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| We used in situ hybridization and immunohistochemistry to examine the expression and cellular provenance of TSLP , Th 2 attracting ( thymus and activation regulated chemokine ( TARC ) / CCL17 , macrophage derived chemokine ( MDC ) / CCL22 , 1 309 / CCL1 ) and Th 1 attracting ( IFN gamma inducible protein 10 ( IP 10 ) / CXCL10 , IFN inducible T cell alpha chemoattractant ( 1 TAC ) / CXCL11 ) chemokines and expression of their receptors CCR 4 , CCR 8 , and CXCR 3 in bronchial biopsies from 20 asthmatics and 15 normal controls . ^^^ |
|
| Interacting proteins: Q92583 and P51679 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| The involvement of the skin in certain subsets of T cell malignancies has been explained by the discovery of an interaction between the thymus and activation regulated chemokine ( TARC ) , which is abundant in the skin , and its receptor , CC chemokine receptor 4 ( CCR 4 ) , which is expressed in the tumor cells . ^^^ |
|
| Interacting proteins: Q92583 and P51679 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| Plasma concentrations of interferon inducible protein ( IP ) 10 , a CXCR 3 ligand , and thymus and activation regulated chemokine ( TARC ) , a CCR 4 ligand , were measured by enzyme linked immunosorbent assays . ^^^ |
|
| Interacting proteins: Q92583 and P51679 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| In chemotaxis assays , CCR 4 tumor cells in MF and CXCR 3 tumor cells in CD8TCL migrated to thymus and activation regulated chemokine and inducible protein 10 , respectively . ^^^ |
|
| Interacting proteins: Q92583 and P51679 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| Both ABCD 1 and ABCD 2 bind to the same receptor ( CCR 4 ) . ^^^ |
|
| Interacting proteins: Q92583 and P51679 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| Furthermore , we have identified CCR 4 as the specific receptor for TARC , GPR CY4 / DRY6 / CKR L3 / STRL22 as that for LARC ( CCR 6 ) , and EBI1 / BLR2 as that for ELC ( CCR 7 ) . ^^^ |
|
| Interacting proteins: Q92583 and P51679 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| We have also examined the interaction of MDC with CC chemokine receptor 4 ( CCR 4 ) , recently shown to be a receptor for TARC . ^^^ MDC and TARC competed for binding to CCR 4 , while no binding competition was observed for six other chemokines ( MCP 1 , MCP 3 , MCP 4 , RANTES ( regulated on activation normal T cell expressed and secreted ) , macrophage inflammatory protein 1 alpha , macrophage inflammatory protein 1 beta ) . ^^^ TARC , which also induced calcium mobilization in CCR 4 transfectants , was unable to desensitize the response to MDC . ^^^ Both MDC and TARC functioned as chemoattractants for CCR 4 transfectants , confirming that MDC is also a functional ligand for CCR 4 . ^^^ Since MDC and TARC are both expressed in the thymus , one role for these chemokines may be to attract CCR 4 bearing thymocytes in the process of T cell education and differentiation . . ^^^ |
|
| Interacting proteins: Q92583 and P51679 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| Truncated MDC ( 3 69 ) failed to desensitize calcium mobilization by MDC ( 1 69 ) or thymus and activation regulated chemokine ( TARC ) , another CCR 4 ligand . ^^^ |
|
| Interacting proteins: Q92583 and P51679 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| In desensitization Ca flux experiments , TARC and STCP 1 bound to a common receptor and therefore at least one chemokine receptor for STCP 1 is CCR 4 . ^^^ |
|
| Interacting proteins: Q92583 and P51679 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| TARC was selectively produced by granuloma forming cells , and CC chemokine receptor 4 ( CCR 4 ) expressing CD 4 ( + ) T cells migrated into the liver after LPS administration . ^^^ In vivo injection of anti TARC mAb just before LPS administration protected the mice from acute lethal liver damage , which was accompanied by a significant reduction of both CCR 4 mRNA expression and IL 4 production by liver infiltrating CD 4 ( + ) T cells . ^^^ These results suggest that recruitment of IL 4 producing CCR 4 ( + ) CD 4 ( + ) T cells by granuloma derived TARC into the liver parenchyma may be a key cause of massive liver injury after systemic LPS administration . . ^^^ |
|
| Interacting proteins: Q92583 and P51679 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| TARC is known to bind to the CCR 4 receptor , which is expressed on activated Th 2 lymphocytes . ^^^ |
|
| Interacting proteins: Q92583 and P51679 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| Here we show that many systemic memory T cells in blood carry the chemokine receptor CCR 4 and therefore respond to its ligands , the chemokines TARC and MDC . ^^^ Our results suggest that CCR 4 and TARC are important in the recognition of skin vasculature by circulating T cells and in directing lymphocytes that are involved in systemic as opposed to intestinal immunity to their target tissues . . ^^^ |
|
| Interacting proteins: Q92583 and P51679 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| These results suggest that TARC utilizes CCR 4 and CCR 8 . ^^^ |
|
| Interacting proteins: Q92583 and P51679 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| TCR triggering of Th 1 and Th 2 cells leads to production of MDC and 1 309 ( CCR 4 and CCR 8 ligands , respectively ) , whereas TARC ( CCR 4 ligand ) is selectively produced by Th 2 cells . ^^^ |
|
| Interacting proteins: Q92583 and P51679 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| Splenocytes and thymocytes isolated from the CCR 4 ( / ) mice failed to respond to the CCR 4 ligands TARC and MDC , as expected , but also surprisingly did not undergo chemotaxis in vitro in response to macrophage inflammatory protein ( MIP ) 1alpha . ^^^ |
|
| Interacting proteins: Q92583 and P51679 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| The chemokines Mig ( CXCR 3 ligand ) , TARC ( CCR 4 ligand ) , and MCP 2 ( CCR 5 ligand ) were detected in intratumoral blood vessels and histiocytes . ^^^ |
|
| Interacting proteins: Q92583 and P51679 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| Since the bronchial epithelium is recognized as an important source of mediators fundamental to the manifestation of respiratory allergic inflammation , we studied the expression of two functional ligands for CCR 4 , i . e . , macrophage derived chemokine ( MDC ) and thymus and activation regulated chemokine ( TARC ) , in bronchial epithelial cells . ^^^ |
|
| Interacting proteins: Q92583 and P51679 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| The MDC and TARC receptor CCR 4 was expressed on platelets , and an anti CCR 4 antibody blocked aggregation induced by TARC or MDC . ^^^ |
|
| Interacting proteins: Q92583 and P51679 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| The CC chemokines MDC and TARC induce platelet activation via CCR 4 . ^^^ We found that two CC chemokine receptor 4 ( CCR 4 ) ligands , macrophage derived chemokine ( MDC ) and thymus and activation regulated chemokine ( TARC ) induce concentration dependent platelet aggregation and calcium flux . ^^^ Flow cytometric analysis revealed the expression of CCR 4 on platelets and a monoclonal antibody ( mAb ) to CCR 4 inhibited MDC and TARC induced platelet aggregation , confirming that this effect is mediated through their common receptor CCR 4 . ^^^ MDC fully desensitized TARC induced calcium mobilization in platelets , while TARC was unable to completely desensitize a subsequent MDC response , which is similar to observations made in Th 2 CD4 ( + ) lymphocytes and CCR 4 transfected cells . ^^^ |
|
| Interacting proteins: Q92583 and P51679 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| Clonal Th 2 cells associated with chronic hypereosinophilia : TARC induced CCR 4 down regulation in vivo . ^^^ As high levels of TARC , a CCR 4 ligand , were detected in the serum of four hypereosinophilic patients with CD 3 ( ) CD 4 ( + ) clonal Th 2 cells , we evaluated the effect of TARC neutralization in this system . ^^^ Addition of a neutralizing anti TARC mAb inhibited CCR 4 down regulation by patient ' s serum , indicating that circulating TARC contributed to CCR 4 down regulation on Th 2 cells in vivo . ^^^ We conclude that high circulating levels of TARC in serum of patients with chronic hypereosinophilia , most likely derived from antigen presenting cells stimulated by Th 2 type cytokines , induce down regulation of CCR 4 on Th 2 cells in vivo . . ^^^ |
|
| Interacting proteins: Q92583 and P51679 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| The chemokine TARC is a ligand for the chemokine receptor CCR 4 expressed on T helper ( Th ) 2 type CD 4 T cells . ^^^ |
|
| Interacting proteins: Q92583 and P51679 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| CXCR 3 and CCR 4 were expressed by dermal CD3+ lymphocytes , and their chemokine ligands , IP 10 , MIG , TARC , and MDC , were up regulated in psoriatic lesions . ^^^ |
|
| Interacting proteins: Q92583 and P51679 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| The CC chemokine TARC is known to be a ligand for the CCR 4 receptor which in turn is known to be expressed selectively on the Th ( 2 ) subset of lymphocytes . ^^^ |
|
| Interacting proteins: Q92583 and P51679 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| Th 2 lymphocytes , which are critical for allergy , employ the CC chemokine receptors CCR 4 and CCR 8 with the ligands thymus and activation regulated chemokine ( TARC ) , macrophage derived chemokine ( MDC ) and 1 309 , respectively . ^^^ |
|
| Interacting proteins: Q92583 and P51679 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| In vitro polarized human Th 2 cells preferentially express the chemokine receptors CCR 3 , CCR 4 , and CCR 8 and migrate to their ligands : eotaxin , monocyte derived chemokine ( MDC ) , thymus and activation regulated chemokine ( TARC ) , and 1 309 . ^^^ Expression of the CCR 4 specific ligands MDC and TARC is strongly upregulated on airway epithelial cells upon allergen challenge , suggesting an involvement of this receptor / ligand axis in the regulation of lymphocyte recruitment into the asthmatic bronchi . ^^^ These data support the role of CCR 4 , of its ligands MDC and TARC , and of CCR 8 in the pathogenesis of allergen induced late asthmatic responses and suggest that these molecules could be considered as targets for therapeutic intervention . . ^^^ |
|
| Interacting proteins: Q92583 and P51679 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| First , mRNA levels encoding the chemokines MIG , RANTES , lymphotactin , MIP 3alpha , TCA 3 , TARC , MIP 3beta , LIX , MCP 1 and MIP 1beta and the receptors CCR 4 , CCR 6 and CCR 2 were significantly increased in chronically inflamed colons of IL 10 / mice when compared with wildtype mice . ^^^ Interestingly , reversal of colitis in IL 10 / mice by anti IL 12 mAb was accompanied by the inhibition in the expression of LIX , lymphotactin , MCP 1 , MIG , MIP 3alpha , MIP 3beta , TCA 3 , CCR 2 and CCR 4 , whereas the increased mRNA levels of MIP 1beta , RANTES , TARC and CCR 6 were unaffected . ^^^ At 4 and 8 weeks after reconstitution of Rag 2 / mice the mRNA levels of IP 10 , MCP 1 , MDC , MIG , TARC , RANTES , CCR 4 and CCR 5 were significantly increased prior to the appearance of macroscopic lesions . ^^^ |
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| Interacting proteins: Q92583 and P51679 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| Supernatants from malignant cells cultured in the presence of sCD40L promote the migration of activated T cells that express CCR 4 , the common specific receptor for MDC and TARC . ^^^ |
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| Interacting proteins: Q92583 and P51679 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| Only the high CCR 4 levels characteristic of skin lymphocytes were associated with robust chemotactic and adhesive responses to TARC , consistent with a selective role for CCR 4 in skin lymphocyte homing . ^^^ |
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| Interacting proteins: Q92583 and P51679 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| We further demonstrated highly frequent expression of CCR 4 in fresh ATL cells by ( 1 ) reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction ( RT PCR ) analysis of CCR 4 expression in peripheral blood mononuclear cells ( PBMCs ) from patients with ATL and healthy controls ; ( 2 ) flow cytometric analysis of CCR 4 expressing cells in PBMCs from patients with ATL and healthy controls ; ( 3 ) CCR 4 staining of routine blood smears from patients with ATL ; and ( 4 ) an efficient migration of fresh ATL cells to the CCR 4 ligands , TARC / CCL17 and MDC / CCL22 , in chemotaxis assays . ^^^ Furthermore , we detected strong signals for CCR 4 , TARC , and MDC in ATL skin lesions by RT PCR . ^^^ |
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| Interacting proteins: Q92583 and P51679 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| This was associated with the expression of their agonistic receptor CXCR 3 , while mRNA for TARC and MDC , and their receptor CCR 4 were not detected . ^^^ |
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| Interacting proteins: Q92583 and P51679 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| IP 10 , MIG and TARC positive HD cases contained higher numbers of Th 2 lymphocytes ( ST 2 CCR 3 or CCR 4 positive lymphocytes ) , compared to IP 10 , MIG and TARC negative HD cases ( p < 0 . 05 or < 0 . 5 ) . ^^^ The CCR 4 ( TARC receptor ) positive lymphocytes , surrounding H & RS cells , were minority and the surrounding lymphocytes were not different between TARC positive and negative cases . ^^^ |
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| Interacting proteins: Q92583 and P51679 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| The CC chemokine thymus and activation regulated chemokine ( TARC / CCL17 ) acts on CC chemokine receptor 4 ( CCR 4 ) , which is known to be selectively expressed in Th 2 cells . ^^^ |
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| Interacting proteins: Q92583 and P51679 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| We have examined the in situ expression of a typical Th 2 type chemokine , thymus and activation regulated chemokine ( TARC ) , and its receptor ( CCR 4 ) using immunohistochemical techniques . ^^^ |
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| Interacting proteins: Q92583 and P51679 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| Cells expressing the CCR 4 ligand TARC ( thymus and activation regulated chemokine ) were detected within infiltrated islets from prediabetic mice . ^^^ |
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| Interacting proteins: Q92583 and P51679 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| TARC interacts primarily with the CCR 4 receptor and to a lesser extent with the CCR 8 receptor . ^^^ |
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| Interacting proteins: Q92583 and P51679 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| Demonstration of TARC and CCR 4 mRNA expression and distribution using in situ RT PCR in the lesional skin of atopic dermatitis . ^^^ Thymus and activation regulated chemokine ( TARC / CCL17 ) and its receptor , CC chemokine receptor 4 ( CCR 4 ) , have been proven to be involved in a number of allergic diseases , especially atopic dermatitis ( AD ) . ^^^ The purpose of this study was to examine the expression and distribution of TARC and CCR 4 mRNAs in samples of AD ( n=15 , acute lesions 8 , chronic lesions 7 ) and normal skin ( n=6 ) . ^^^ The expression and distribution of TARC and CCR 4 mRNAs were detected with the in situ reverse transcription ( RT ) polymerase chain reaction ( PCR ) technique . ^^^ |
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| Interacting proteins: Q92583 and P51679 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| Since the ligand of the TARC and MDC is CCR 4 , which is specifically expressed on Th 2 type T cells , the production of these CC chemokines is likely to play important roles in the T cell and B cell interaction . ^^^ |
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| Interacting proteins: Q92583 and P51679 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| TARC interacts primarily with the CCR 4 receptor and to a lesser extent with the CCR 8 receptor . ^^^ |
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| Interacting proteins: Q92583 and P51679 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| METHODS : Biopsies from 10 individuals challenged in their back with the antigen responsible for their contact dermatitis and an irrelevant antigen were taken at different times and histology , immunohistochemistry for CS 1 fibronectin , TARC / CCL17 , CD 3 , CD 68 , CXCR 3 , CCR 4 and in situ hybridization for MCP 1 / CCL2 were performed . ^^^ |
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| Interacting proteins: Q92583 and P51679 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| Pw patients had elevated serum TARC levels and a higher proportion of CCR 4 expressing cells among CD4+ T cells in the peripheral blood . ^^^ |
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| Interacting proteins: Q92583 and P51679 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| TARC attracts CCR 4 positive T cells known to be mainly of Th 2 subtype whereas CTACK attracts skin homing T cells of both Th 1 and Th 2 subtype that express CCR 10 . ^^^ |
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| Interacting proteins: Q92583 and P51679 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| Results of transwell chemotaxis assay demonstrated that the recombinant canine TARC showed chemotactic activity for canine lymphoid cells expressing CC chemokine receptor 4 ( CCR 4 ) . ^^^ |
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| Interacting proteins: Q92583 and P51679 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| RESULTS : Pulmonary CCR 4 + CD 4 + cells and levels of TARC and MDC were significantly increased in asthmatic children versus children with chronic cough or without airway disease . ^^^ In asthmatic children CCR 4 + CD 4 + cells correlated positively with levels of TARC , MDC , and serum IgE levels and negatively with FEV 1 . ^^^ CONCLUSION : Pulmonary CCR 4 + CD 4 + and CXCR 3 + CD 8 + cells and their ligands TARC , MDC , and ITAC clearly differentiate asthmatic children from nonatopic children with chronic cough . ^^^ |
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| Interacting proteins: Q92583 and P51679 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| The expression profiles of MDC , TARC , and their receptor CCR 4 were analyzed in models of acute and chronic cigarette smoke induced airway inflammation that is characterized by a Th 1 immune response . ^^^ Our data indicate that instead of Th 2 cells , airway epithelial cells expressing CCR 4 might be the principal targets for MDC and TARC released from alveolar macrophages during cigarette smoke induced airway inflammation . . ^^^ |
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| Interacting proteins: Q92583 and P51679 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| RESULTS : P aeruginosa infected patients with CF had significantly higher levels of pulmonary CCR 4 ( + ) CD 4 ( + ) ( T ( H ) 2 ) cells , IL 4 , IL 13 , and TARC and lower levels of IFN gamma compared with noninfected patients with CF and healthy controls . ^^^ |
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| Interacting proteins: Q92583 and P51679 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| BACKGROUND : Ligands for CXCR 3 chemokines [ IFN gamma inducible protein of 10 kD ( IP 10 / CXCL10 ) , monokine induced by IFN gamma ( Mig / CXCL9 ) , IFN inducible T cell alpha chemoattractant ( 1 TAC / CXCL11 ) ] and those for CCR 4 [ macrophage derived chemokine ( MDC / CCL22 ) , thymus and activation regulated chemokine ( TARC / CCL17 ) ] have been shown to play the central roles for T helper cell recruitment into the tissues . ^^^ |
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| Interacting proteins: Q92583 and P51679 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| OBJECTIVES : To investigate tissue samples from patients with CD30+ CLPD for the expression of the chemokine receptors CXCR 3 , CCR 4 and CCR 3 and their ligands MIG , TARC and RANTES . ^^^ |
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| Interacting proteins: Q92583 and P51679 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| TARC is designated a Th 2 type chemokine since it binds to CCR 4 . ^^^ Because TARC and its receptor CCR 4 are believed to play important roles in the pathogenesis of AD , BP and MF , TARC and CCR 4 may be possible future targets for therapy of these diseases . . ^^^ |
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| Interacting proteins: Q92583 and P51679 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| NA |
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| Interacting proteins: Q92583 and P51679 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| NA |
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| Interacting proteins: Q92583 and P51679 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| NA |
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| Interacting proteins: Q92583 and P51679 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| NA |
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| Interacting proteins: Q92583 and P51679 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| NA |
|
| Interacting proteins: Q92583 and P51679 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| NA |
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| Interacting proteins: Q92583 and P51679 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| NA |
|
| Interacting proteins: Q92583 and P51679 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| NA |
|
| Interacting proteins: Q92583 and P51679 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| NA |
|
| Interacting proteins: Q92583 and P51679 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| NA |
|
| Interacting proteins: Q92583 and P51679 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| NA |
|
| Interacting proteins: Q92583 and P51679 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| NA |
|
| Interacting proteins: Q92583 and P51679 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| NA |
|
| Interacting proteins: Q92583 and P51679 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| NA |
|
| Interacting proteins: Q92583 and P51679 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| NA |
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| Interacting proteins: Q92583 and P51679 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| NA |
|
| Interacting proteins: Q92583 and P51679 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| NA |
|
| Interacting proteins: Q92583 and P51679 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| NA |
|
| Interacting proteins: Q92583 and P51679 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| NA |
|
| Interacting proteins: Q92583 and P51679 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| NA |
|
| Interacting proteins: Q92583 and P51679 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| NA |
|
| Interacting proteins: Q92583 and P51679 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| NA |
|
| Interacting proteins: Q92583 and P51679 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| NA |
|
| Interacting proteins: Q92583 and P51679 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| NA |
|
| Interacting proteins: Q92583 and P51679 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| NA |
|
| Interacting proteins: Q92583 and P51679 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| NA |
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