| Interacting proteins: O00626 and P51679 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.83608618 |
| The chemokine receptor CCR 4 binds MDC with high affinity and also responds by calcium flux and chemotaxis . 0.83608618^^^ |
|
| Interacting proteins: O00626 and P51679 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| Importantly , mature dendritic cells preferentially attract Treg cells among circulating CD 4 ( + ) T cells , by secretion of CCR 4 ligands CCL 17 and CCL 22 . ^^^ |
|
| Interacting proteins: O00626 and P51679 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| In contrast to naive T cells , primed T cell arrest was largely inhibited by pertussis toxin , neutralization of the CC chemokine , macrophage derived chemokine ( CCL 22 ) , or by desensitization of the CCL 22 receptor , CCR 4 . ^^^ |
|
| Interacting proteins: O00626 and P51679 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| By contrast , expression of CCR 4 and responsiveness to CCL 22 is rapidly induced at the early stages of both Th1 / Th2 cell development . ^^^ |
|
| Interacting proteins: O00626 and P51679 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| These supernatants induced the migration of activated CD 4 ( + ) , CD40L ( + ) T cells expressing the CCL 22 receptor , CCR 4 . ^^^ |
|
| Interacting proteins: O00626 and P51679 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| CXCL 10 ( IP 10 ) acting on CXCR 3 expressed on activated Th 1 cells , and CCL 22 ( MDC ) acting on CCR 4 and 8 expressed on activated Th 2 cells . ^^^ |
|
| Interacting proteins: O00626 and P51679 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| A functional similarity was also found between chronic inflammation and the T cell zone of lymph nodes ( LNs ) , since a substantial fraction of phenotypically mature DCs in both tissues expressed CCL 22 ( macrophage derived chemokine ; MDC ) and were closely surrounded by memory type T cells expressing its receptor , CCR 4 . ^^^ |
|
| Interacting proteins: O00626 and P51679 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| However , T cells which are CD4+ / CD152+ / CCR4+ migrate selectively in vitro in response to the chemokine CCL 22 ( specific for the receptor CCR 4 ) produced by the malignant B cells and are always seen amongst the malignant cells in bone marrow and lymph nodes from B CLL patients . ^^^ |
|
| Interacting proteins: O00626 and P51679 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| Three chemokines in particular , CXCL 12 ( SDF 1 ) , CCL 17 ( TARC ) , and CCL 22 ( MDC ) , recently have been shown to be strong and rapid activators of platelet aggregation and adhesion after their binding to platelet CXCR 4 or CCR 4 , when acting in combination with low levels of primary agonists . ^^^ |
|
| Interacting proteins: O00626 and P51679 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| OBJECTIVES : We tested the hypothesis that the chemokines thymus and activation regulated chemokine ( TARC ) ( CCL 17 ) and macrophage derived chemokine ( MDC ) ( CCL 22 ) , whose receptor is CCR 4 , and 1 309 ( CCL 1 ) , whose receptor is CCR 8 , would be released at sites of segmental allergen challenge . ^^^ |
|
| Interacting proteins: O00626 and P51679 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| Type 2 T cells have been shown to be preferentially recruited by the chemokines eotaxin ( CCL 11 ) , macrophage derived chemokine ( MDC , CCL 22 ) , and thymus activation regulated chemokine ( CCL 17 ) through their interaction with CCR 3 and CCR 4 , respectively , whereas type 1 T cells are mainly recruited by IFN gamma induced protein 10 ( CXCL 10 ) through CXCR 3 binding . ^^^ |
|
| Interacting proteins: O00626 and P51679 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| Among CCR 4 ligands , skin vessels endothelial cells present C C chemokine ligand ( CCL ) 17 but not CCL 22 consistent with CCL 17 involvement in T lymphocyte arrest on endothelial cells . ^^^ The dominance of CCL 22 over CCL 17 extends to other CCR 4 mediated phenomena such as receptor desensitization and internalization and correlates with the peculiar kinetics of CCR 4 engagement by the two ligands . ^^^ |
|
| Interacting proteins: O00626 and P51679 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| Type 1 chemokines CXC chemokine ligand ( CXCL ) 9 and CXCL 10 ( monokine induced by IFN gamma and IFN gamma inducible protein of 10 kDa : CXCR 3 ligands ) , and type 2 chemokines CC chemokine ligand ( CCL ) 11 ( eotaxin : CCR 3 ligand ) , CCL 17 ( thymus and activation regulated chemokine : CCR 4 ligand ) and CCL 22 ( monocyte derived chemokine : CCR 4 ligand ) were readily detectable in the plasma of most participants . ^^^ |
|
| Interacting proteins: O00626 and P51679 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| The coreceptor activity was sensitive to CCR 4 specific antibodies and to the CCR 4 specific chemokine ligand macrophage derived chemokine ( MDC ) / chemokine ligand 22 ( CCL 22 ) . ^^^ Treatment of peripheral blood mononuclear cells ( PBMCs ; which express high levels of CCR 4 ) with CCL 22 caused down modulation of endogenous CCR 4 but had no significant effect on HIV 1 entry , suggesting that CCR 4 may not be used as an entry coreceptor . ^^^ |
|
| Interacting proteins: O00626 and P51679 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| Finally , CCL 22 was able to trigger actin polymerisation in peripheral CD4+ T cells expressing CCR 4 . ^^^ |
|
| Interacting proteins: O00626 and P51679 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| Immunohistochemically , it was demonstrated that CCL 22 and CCL 17 were localised primarily to alveolar macrophages , whereas their receptor CC chemokine receptor 4 ( CCR 4 ) was detected on alveolar lymphocytes and macrophages . ^^^ |
|
| Interacting proteins: O00626 and P51679 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| CD 40 ligation and poly 1 : C elicited increased production of inflammatory cytokines interleukin ( IL ) 6 and tumor necrosis factor alpha , of IL 10 and the CCL 5 chemokine , but profiles differed as to higher IL 10 , IL 12 and CCL 22 ( a CCR 4 ligand important for T cell recruitment ) levels for the former , and of CCL 4 and CCL 5 for the latter . ^^^ |
|
| Interacting proteins: O00626 and P51679 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| CCR 4 is the receptor for CCL 17 and CCL 22 therefore , to further characterize the role of CCL 17 and CCL 22 , we measured CCR 4 mRNA in lung tissue of bleomycin treated mice by real time quantitative PCR . ^^^ |
|
| Interacting proteins: O00626 and P51679 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| Dominance of CCL 22 over CCL 17 in induction of chemokine receptor CCR 4 desensitization and internalization on human Th 2 cells . ^^^ Two chemokines , CCL 17 and CCL 22 , activate the chemokine receptor CCR 4 , expressed on functionally distinct subsets of T cells : cutaneous leukocyte associated antigen ( CLA ) + skin homing , T helper ( Th ) 2 , and CD25+ T suppressor cells . ^^^ Here , we compared the ability of CCL 17 and CCL 22 to promote CCR 4 internalization as a mechanism of regulation of receptor function on human Th 2 cells . ^^^ We report that CCL 22 is a potent and rapid inducer of CCR 4 internalization , while CCL 17 is not . ^^^ The differential CCR 4 desensitization and internalization reported here and the distinct expression patterns of CCL 17 and CCL 22 observed in vivo suggest that while CCL 17 may act first on CCR 4 at the endothelial surface to promote vascular recognition , CCL 22 could subsequently engage the receptor within the tissue microenvironment to guide cellular localization . . ^^^ |
|
| Interacting proteins: O00626 and P51679 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| The CCR 4 agonists CC chemokine ligand 17 ( CCL 17 ) and CCL 22 bound to D 6 with high affinity . ^^^ CCL 17 and CCL 22 have no agonistic activity for D 6 ( chemotaxis and calcium fluxes ) , but were rapidly scavenged , resulting in reduced chemotactic activity on CCR 4 transfectants . ^^^ CD 26 mediates NH ( 2 ) terminus processing of CCL 22 , leading to the production of CCL 22 ( 3 69 ) and CCL 22 ( 5 69 ) that do not interact with CCR 4 . ^^^ The results presented in this study show that D 6 recognizes and scavenges a wide spectrum of inflammatory CC chemokines , including the CCR 4 agonists CCL 22 and CCL 17 . ^^^ By recognizing intact CCL 22 , but not its truncated variants , D 6 expressed on lymphatic endothelial cells may regulate the traffic of CCR 4 expressing cells , such as dendritic cells . . ^^^ |
|
| Interacting proteins: O00626 and P51679 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| Macrophage derived chemokine ( MDC / CC chemokine ligand 22 ( CCL 22 ) ) mediates its cellular effects principally by binding to its receptor CCR 4 , and together they constitute a multifunctional chemokine / receptor system with homeostatic and inflammatory roles in the body . ^^^ |
|
| Interacting proteins: O00626 and P51679 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| These molecules were functional , as CLA+ Treg showed CD62E ligand activity and demonstrable chemotactic responses to the CCR 4 ligands CCL 22 and CCL 17 and to the CCR 6 ligand CCL 20 . ^^^ |
|
| Interacting proteins: O00626 and P51679 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| Macrophage derived chemokine ( MDC ) is a CC chemokine that recognizes the CCR 4 receptor and is selective for T helper 2 ( Th 2 ) versus T helper 1 ( Th 1 ) cells . ^^^ |
|
| Interacting proteins: O00626 and P51679 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| Role of CCR 4 ligands , CCL 17 and CCL 22 , during Schistosoma mansoni egg induced pulmonary granuloma formation in mice . ^^^ Controversy persists pertaining to the role of CCR 4 ligands , namely CCL 17 ( or thymus and activation regulated chemokine ; TARC ) and CCL 22 ( or macrophage derived chemokine ; MDC ) , in Th 2 type cytokine dominated responses in the lung . ^^^ Systemic immunoneutralization of CCL 22 from the time of egg injection into S . mansoni sensitized mice for 8 days significantly decreased CCR 4 protein expression , the eosinophil content , the overall size of the egg granuloma , and its hydroxyproline content . ^^^ |
|
| Interacting proteins: O00626 and P51679 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| Analysis of multiple chemokine pathways showed that tolerance was accompanied by intragraft up regulation of CCR 4 and one of its ligands , macrophage derived chemokine ( CCL 22 ) , and that tolerance induction could not be achieved in CCR 4 ( / ) recipients . ^^^ |
|
| Interacting proteins: O00626 and P51679 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| Further , both CCL 17 and CCL 22 act as CCR 4 antagonists by inhibiting CCL 5 induced migration . ^^^ CONCLUSIONS : These results suggest that CCL 5 induced migration of MCs via CCR 4 can be regulated by the natural agonists CCL 17 and CCL 22 , which are up regulated at sites of allergic inflammation . . ^^^ |
|
| Interacting proteins: O00626 and P51679 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| In the present study , we examined the roles of CCL 17 and CCL 22 , two CCR 4 ligands , during pulmonary invasive aspergillosis in neutropenic mice . ^^^ |
|
| Interacting proteins: O00626 and P51679 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| Finally , we found that CCL 22 secreted by lymphoma B cells is involved in the chemotaxis and migration of intratumoral T ( reg ) cells that express CCR 4 , but not CCR 8 . ^^^ |
|
| Interacting proteins: O00626 and P51679 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| Blocking of CCL 22 in IL 13 stimulated HPKs by a neutralizing antibody resulted in 70 90 % inhibition in migration of CD 4 ( + ) CCR 4 ( + ) T cells . ^^^ |
|
| Interacting proteins: O00626 and P51679 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| Evidence that phospholipase C dependent , calcium independent mechanisms are required for directional migration of T lymphocytes in response to the CCR 4 ligands CCL 17 and CCL 22 . ^^^ Macrophage derived chemokine [ CC chemokine ligand 22 ( CCL 22 ) ] and thymus and activation regulated chemokine ( CCL 17 ) mediate cellular effects , principally by binding to their receptor CC chemokine receptor 4 ( CCR 4 ) and together , constitute a multifunctional chemokine / receptor system with homeostatic and inflammatory roles within the body . ^^^ |
|
| Interacting proteins: O00626 and P51679 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| We demonstrate that CD 16 ( + ) Mo preferentially differentiate into macrophages ( Mphi ) that activate resting T cells for productive HIV infection by producing the CCR 3 and CCR 4 ligands CCL 24 , CCL 2 , CCL 22 , and CCL 17 . ^^^ |
|
| Interacting proteins: O00626 and P51679 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| These facts suggest possible involvement of two CCR 4 specific ligands i . e . , thymus and activation regulated chemokine ( TARC ) and macrophage derived chemokine ( MDC ) , in the pathogenesis of bronchial asthma via recruitment of TH 2 cells to inflammatory sites . ^^^ |
|
| Interacting proteins: O00626 and P51679 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| Thymus and activation regulated chemokine ( TARC ) / CCL17 and macrophage derived chemokine ( MDC ) / CCL22 are a pair of CC chemokines known to selectively attract T ( h ) 2 type memory T cells via CCR 4 . ^^^ |
|
| Interacting proteins: O00626 and P51679 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| Selective recruitment of CCR 4 bearing Th 2 cells toward antigen presenting cells by the CC chemokines thymus and activation regulated chemokine and macrophage derived chemokine . ^^^ The receptor for TARC and another macrophage / dendritic cell derived CC chemokine macrophage derived chemokine ( MDC ) is CCR 4 , a G protein coupled receptor . ^^^ |
|
| Interacting proteins: O00626 and P51679 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| The appearance of these responses is associated with the phenotypic stage of cortex to medulla migration and with up regulation of mRNA for the receptors CCR 4 ( for macrophage derived chemokine and thymus and activation regulated chemokine ) and CCR 7 ( for secondary lymphoid tissue chemokine and macrophage inflammatory protein 3beta ) . ^^^ |
|
| Interacting proteins: O00626 and P51679 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| Macrophage derived chemokine ( MDC ) , the ligand for CCR 4 , induces the phosphorylation of CCR 4 within 0 . 5 min of activating IANK cells with this ligand . ^^^ |
|
| Interacting proteins: O00626 and P51679 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| Among the chemokine receptors expressed on platelets , the CXCR 4 is the receptor for chemokine stromal cell derived factor 1 ( SDF 1 ) , and the CCR 4 is the receptor for macrophage derived chemokine ( MDC ) . ^^^ |
|
| Interacting proteins: O00626 and P51679 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| Since the bronchial epithelium is recognized as an important source of mediators fundamental to the manifestation of respiratory allergic inflammation , we studied the expression of two functional ligands for CCR 4 , i . e . , macrophage derived chemokine ( MDC ) and thymus and activation regulated chemokine ( TARC ) , in bronchial epithelial cells . ^^^ |
|
| Interacting proteins: O00626 and P51679 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| CCR 4 , a chemokine receptor for macrophage derived chemokine ( MDC ) and thymus and activation regulated chemokine ( TARC ) , has been implicated as a preferential marker for Th 2 lymphocytes . ^^^ |
|
| Interacting proteins: O00626 and P51679 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| Cells transfected with gpCCR 4 migrated toward the human and murine orthologues of the CCR 4 ligands , macrophage derived chemokine and thymus and activation regulated chemokine . ^^^ |
|
| Interacting proteins: O00626 and P51679 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| Recently , macrophage derived chemokine ( MDC ) / CCL22 , a CC chemokine , was identified as a selective chemoattractant for CC chemokine receptor 4 ( CCR 4 ) expressing cells , in addition to thymus and activation regulated chemokine ( TARC ) . ^^^ |
|
| Interacting proteins: O00626 and P51679 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| Macrophage derived chemokine ( MDC / CCL22 ) and its receptor CCR 4 have been implicated in chronic inflammatory processes and in the homing of monocytes , Th 2 cells and regulatory T cell subsets . ^^^ |
|
| Interacting proteins: O00626 and P51679 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| The aims of this study were to examine the expression of three recently described potent T lymphocyte chemoattractants , PARC ( pulmonary and activation regulated chemokine ) , macrophage derived chemokine ( MDC ) , and 1 309 , the MDC receptor CCR 4 , and T lymphocyte activation markers , CD 25 , CD 26 , CD62L , CD 71 , and CD 30 , and to correlate them with the counts of CD 3 ( + ) T lymphocytes in the conjunctiva of patients with VKC . ^^^ |
|
| Interacting proteins: O00626 and P51679 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| Interestingly , neutralization of macrophage derived chemokine ( MDC ) with Ab caused a significant reduction of CCR 4 positive T cells within the pancreatic infiltrates and inhibited the development of insulitis and diabetes . ^^^ |
|
| Interacting proteins: O00626 and P51679 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| The helper ( Th ) 2 cell attracting chemokines thymus and activation regulated chemokine ( TARC ) and macrophage derived chemokine ( MDC ) are ligands for the chemokine receptor CCR 4 . ^^^ |
|
| Interacting proteins: O00626 and P51679 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| We analyzed the functional role of macrophage derived chemokine ( MDC ) , a potent mononuclear cell chemoattractant , during the progression of anti glomerular basement membrane ( GBM ) antibody ( Ab ) GN , a model of crescentic GN in the WKY rat , and whether the effects of MDC were dependent on its receptor CCR 4 . ^^^ |
|
| Interacting proteins: O00626 and P51679 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| BACKGROUND : Macrophage derived chemokine ( MDC ) is a Th 2 type chemokine and its receptor CC chemokine receptor 4 ( CCR 4 ) is preferentially expressed on Th 2 cells . ^^^ |
|
| Interacting proteins: O00626 and P51679 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| CC chemokine receptor 4 ( CCR 4 ) has been identified as a specific receptor for both thymus and activation regulated chemokine ( TARC ) and macrophage derived chemokine ( MDC ) , and is preferentially expressed on Th 2 cells . ^^^ |
|
| Interacting proteins: O00626 and P51679 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| Expression of CXCR 3 ligands , such as monokine induced by IFN gamma ( Mig ) leads to preferential Th 1 recruitment , whereas CCR 4 ligands , thymus and activation regulated chemokine ( TARC ) or macrophage derived chemokine ( MDC ) , mediate preferential Th 2 recruitment . ^^^ |
|
| Interacting proteins: O00626 and P51679 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| ATP priming of macrophage derived chemokine responses in CHO cells expressing the CCR 4 receptor . ^^^ The mechanism by which ATP primes for subsequent macrophage derived chemokine ( MDC ) mediated intracellular calcium ( Ca2+ ( 1 ) ) responses at the human CCR 4 receptor stably expressed in Chinese hamster ovary ( CHO ) cells was investigated . ^^^ |
|
| Interacting proteins: O00626 and P51679 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| Reverse transcription PCR showed transcription of macrophage derived chemokine and thymus and activation regulated chemokine , the cognate chemokine ligands of CCR 4 , within the graft . ^^^ |
|
| Interacting proteins: O00626 and P51679 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| The aim of this study is to investigate the possibility that CCR 4 ligands , thymus and activation regulated chemokine ( TARC ) and macrophage derived chemokine ( MDC ) , are produced by CCR 4 ( + ) ATL cells per se . ^^^ |
|
| Interacting proteins: O00626 and P51679 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| As a CCR 4 ligand , thymus and activation regulated cytokine ( TARC / CCL17 ) rather than macrophage derived chemokine ( MDC / CCL22 ) , was predominant immunohistochemicaly in the giant papillae . ^^^ |
|
| Interacting proteins: O00626 and P51679 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| Experimental data from a model of chronic fungal asthma demonstrate that thymus associated and regulated chemokine ( TARC / CCL17 ) and macrophage derived chemokine ( MDC / CCL22 ) , working via CCR 4 , directly impair the innate anti fungal immune response , thereby promoting the maintenance of acquired Th 2 mediated asthmatic disease . ^^^ |
|
| Interacting proteins: O00626 and P51679 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| BACKGROUND : Ligands for CXCR 3 chemokines [ IFN gamma inducible protein of 10 kD ( IP 10 / CXCL10 ) , monokine induced by IFN gamma ( Mig / CXCL9 ) , IFN inducible T cell alpha chemoattractant ( 1 TAC / CXCL11 ) ] and those for CCR 4 [ macrophage derived chemokine ( MDC / CCL22 ) , thymus and activation regulated chemokine ( TARC / CCL17 ) ] have been shown to play the central roles for T helper cell recruitment into the tissues . ^^^ |
|
| Interacting proteins: O00626 and P51679 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| Both ABCD 1 and ABCD 2 bind to the same receptor ( CCR 4 ) . ^^^ |
|
| Interacting proteins: O00626 and P51679 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| We have also examined the interaction of MDC with CC chemokine receptor 4 ( CCR 4 ) , recently shown to be a receptor for TARC . ^^^ Using a fusion protein of MDC with secreted alkaline phosphatase , we observed high affinity binding of MDC secreted alkaline phosphatase to CCR 4 transfected L1 . 2 cells ( Kd = 0 . 18 nM ) . ^^^ MDC and TARC competed for binding to CCR 4 , while no binding competition was observed for six other chemokines ( MCP 1 , MCP 3 , MCP 4 , RANTES ( regulated on activation normal T cell expressed and secreted ) , macrophage inflammatory protein 1 alpha , macrophage inflammatory protein 1 beta ) . ^^^ MDC induced a calcium flux in CCR 4 transfected cells , but other receptors did not respond to MDC . ^^^ TARC , which also induced calcium mobilization in CCR 4 transfectants , was unable to desensitize the response to MDC . ^^^ |
|
| Interacting proteins: O00626 and P51679 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| Truncated MDC ( 3 69 ) failed to desensitize calcium mobilization by MDC ( 1 69 ) or thymus and activation regulated chemokine ( TARC ) , another CCR 4 ligand . ^^^ |
|
| Interacting proteins: O00626 and P51679 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| BACKGROUND : Expression of CCR 4 ligands , such as thymus and activation regulated chemokine ( TARC ) and macrophage derived chemokine ( MDC ) , leads to preferential influx of T helper ( Th ) 2 type lymphocytes to the lesional skin in atopic dermatitis ( AD ) . ^^^ |
|
| Interacting proteins: O00626 and P51679 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| We used in situ hybridization and immunohistochemistry to examine the expression and cellular provenance of TSLP , Th 2 attracting ( thymus and activation regulated chemokine ( TARC ) / CCL17 , macrophage derived chemokine ( MDC ) / CCL22 , 1 309 / CCL1 ) and Th 1 attracting ( IFN gamma inducible protein 10 ( IP 10 ) / CXCL10 , IFN inducible T cell alpha chemoattractant ( 1 TAC ) / CXCL11 ) chemokines and expression of their receptors CCR 4 , CCR 8 , and CXCR 3 in bronchial biopsies from 20 asthmatics and 15 normal controls . ^^^ |
|
| Interacting proteins: O00626 and P51679 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| Splenocytes and thymocytes isolated from the CCR 4 ( / ) mice failed to respond to the CCR 4 ligands TARC and MDC , as expected , but also surprisingly did not undergo chemotaxis in vitro in response to macrophage inflammatory protein ( MIP ) 1alpha . ^^^ After high dose LPS treatment , serum levels of tumor necrosis factor alpha , interleukin 1beta , and MIP 1alpha were reduced in CCR 4 ( / ) mice , and decreased expression of MDC and MIP 2 mRNA was detected in peritoneal exudate cells . ^^^ |
|
| Interacting proteins: O00626 and P51679 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| Compared with intact MDC ( 1 69 ) , CD26 / DPP 4 processed MDC ( 5 69 ) had reduced chemotactic activity on lymphocytes and monocyte derived dendritic cells , showed impaired mobilization of intracellular Ca2+ through CC chemokine receptor 4 ( CCR 4 ) , and was unable to desensitize for MDC induced Ca2+ responses in CCR 4 transfectants . ^^^ In contrast to the reduced binding to lymphocytes and CCR 4 transfectants , MDC ( 5 69 ) retained its binding properties to monocytes and its anti HIV 1 activity . ^^^ |
|
| Interacting proteins: O00626 and P51679 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| MDC binds to CC chemokine receptor 4 ( CCR 4 ) but not to CCR 1 , CCR 2 , CCR 3 , CCR 5 , CCR 6 , or CCR 7 . ^^^ Although MDC can act by means of CCR 4 , RT PCR analysis failed to reveal CCR 4 mRNA in eosinophils . ^^^ CONCLUSION : MDC is a CCR 3 and CCR 4 independent activator of eosinophil chemotaxis , but it does not appear to elicit measurable cytosolic calcium elevations during these responses . ^^^ MDC appears to act by means of another receptor in addition to CCR 4 and may therefore contribute to eosinophil accumulation without working through CCR 1 to CCR7 . . ^^^ |
|
| Interacting proteins: O00626 and P51679 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| Here we show that many systemic memory T cells in blood carry the chemokine receptor CCR 4 and therefore respond to its ligands , the chemokines TARC and MDC . ^^^ |
|
| Interacting proteins: O00626 and P51679 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| MDC responsive murine thymocytes express mRNA for CCR 4 , a recently identified receptor for MDC . ^^^ |
|
| Interacting proteins: O00626 and P51679 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| In addition , human T helper type 2 ( Th 2 ) cells polarized in vitro selectively express CCR 3 and CCR 4 at certain stages of activation / differentiation and respond preferentially to the ligands eotaxin and monocyte derived chemokine ( MDC ) . ^^^ We propose that effector Th 2 cells respond to both CCR3 / eotaxin and CCR4 / MDC pathways initially , but that a progressive increase in CCR 4 positive cells results in the predominance of the CCR4 / MDC axis in the long term recruitment of Th 2 cells in vivo . . ^^^ |
|
| Interacting proteins: O00626 and P51679 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| TCR triggering of Th 1 and Th 2 cells leads to production of MDC and 1 309 ( CCR 4 and CCR 8 ligands , respectively ) , whereas TARC ( CCR 4 ligand ) is selectively produced by Th 2 cells . ^^^ |
|
| Interacting proteins: O00626 and P51679 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| MDC responsive thymocyte suspensions were enriched in cells expressing the MDC receptor , CCR 4 , selectively localized to the medulla , and in CD30+ cells , whereas ELC responsive thymocytes never expressed CD 30 . ^^^ We suggest therefore that CD30L expressing MDC producing medullary epithelial cells attract CCR 4 expressing thymocytes , thus favoring the CD30 / CD30L interaction , and therefore the apoptosis , of cells that are induced to express CD 30 by autoantigen activation . ^^^ |
|
| Interacting proteins: O00626 and P51679 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| Among these , MDC is a potent attractant for CCR 4 expressing polarized Th 2 and Tc 2 cells , and evidence is consistent with a role of this chemokine as an amplification loop of polarized type 2 responses . ^^^ |
|
| Interacting proteins: O00626 and P51679 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| The MDC and TARC receptor CCR 4 was expressed on platelets , and an anti CCR 4 antibody blocked aggregation induced by TARC or MDC . ^^^ |
|
| Interacting proteins: O00626 and P51679 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| The production of MDC , one of the ligands for CCR 4 preferentially expressed on Th 2 , was enhanced in nonstimulated , LPS , CD 40 , or CD 3 stimulated spleen cells by the pretreatment with PGE ( 2 ) , while the production of IFN inducible protein 10 , a representative ligand for CXC chemokine receptor 3 expressed on Th 1 , was suppressed . ^^^ |
|
| Interacting proteins: O00626 and P51679 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| Recently , certain chemokines and chemokine receptors have been preferentially associated with the selective recruitment in vitro of type 1 T cells , such as IP 10 and its receptor CXCR 3 , or type 2 T cells such as monocyte derived chemokine ( MDC ) and eotaxin and their receptors CCR 4 and CCR 3 . ^^^ CXCR 3 positive cells were preferentially recruited by IP 10 , whereas CCR 3 and CCR 4 positive cells were predominantly found after injection of eotaxin and MDC . ^^^ |
|
| Interacting proteins: O00626 and P51679 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| Processing of MDC to MDC ( 3 69 ) and shorter forms which do not recognize CCR 4 is likely to represent a feedback mechanism of negative regulation . . ^^^ |
|
| Interacting proteins: O00626 and P51679 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| The CC chemokines MDC and TARC induce platelet activation via CCR 4 . ^^^ We found that two CC chemokine receptor 4 ( CCR 4 ) ligands , macrophage derived chemokine ( MDC ) and thymus and activation regulated chemokine ( TARC ) induce concentration dependent platelet aggregation and calcium flux . ^^^ Flow cytometric analysis revealed the expression of CCR 4 on platelets and a monoclonal antibody ( mAb ) to CCR 4 inhibited MDC and TARC induced platelet aggregation , confirming that this effect is mediated through their common receptor CCR 4 . ^^^ MDC fully desensitized TARC induced calcium mobilization in platelets , while TARC was unable to completely desensitize a subsequent MDC response , which is similar to observations made in Th 2 CD4 ( + ) lymphocytes and CCR 4 transfected cells . ^^^ |
|
| Interacting proteins: O00626 and P51679 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| At 4 and 8 weeks after reconstitution of Rag 2 / mice the mRNA levels of IP 10 , MCP 1 , MDC , MIG , TARC , RANTES , CCR 4 and CCR 5 were significantly increased prior to the appearance of macroscopic lesions . ^^^ |
|
| Interacting proteins: O00626 and P51679 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| Supernatants from malignant cells cultured in the presence of sCD40L promote the migration of activated T cells that express CCR 4 , the common specific receptor for MDC and TARC . ^^^ |
|
| Interacting proteins: O00626 and P51679 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| Chemotaxis assays showed that SDF 1 , which binds CXCR 4 ; MDC , which binds CCR 4 ; and ELC , which binds CCR 7 , mediated significant chemotaxis of thymocytes . ^^^ |
|
| Interacting proteins: O00626 and P51679 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| Macrophage derived chemokine ( MDC / CCL22 ) and CCR 4 are involved in the formation of T lymphocyte dendritic cell clusters in human inflamed skin and secondary lymphoid tissue . ^^^ Here we show the involvement of the macrophage derived chemokine ( MDC / CCL22 ) and its specific receptor CC chemokine receptor 4 ( CCR 4 ) in the formation of T cell DC clusters . ^^^ Reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction analysis revealed high levels of mRNA expression for MDC and CCR 4 in inflamed skin and neck lymph nodes ( LNs ) , but not in normal skin . ^^^ Immunohistochemically , MDC ( + ) cells and CCR 4 ( + ) cells were mainly located within the T cell DC clusters both in the dermis of inflamed skin and the T cell area of LNs . ^^^ Our data suggest that the MDC CCR 4 system plays an important role in the formation of T cell DC clusters both in inflamed skin and LNs . . ^^^ |
|
| Interacting proteins: O00626 and P51679 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| CXCR 3 and CCR 4 were expressed by dermal CD3+ lymphocytes , and their chemokine ligands , IP 10 , MIG , TARC , and MDC , were up regulated in psoriatic lesions . ^^^ |
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| Interacting proteins: O00626 and P51679 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| Th 2 lymphocytes , which are critical for allergy , employ the CC chemokine receptors CCR 4 and CCR 8 with the ligands thymus and activation regulated chemokine ( TARC ) , macrophage derived chemokine ( MDC ) and 1 309 , respectively . ^^^ |
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| Interacting proteins: O00626 and P51679 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| In vitro polarized human Th 2 cells preferentially express the chemokine receptors CCR 3 , CCR 4 , and CCR 8 and migrate to their ligands : eotaxin , monocyte derived chemokine ( MDC ) , thymus and activation regulated chemokine ( TARC ) , and 1 309 . ^^^ Expression of the CCR 4 specific ligands MDC and TARC is strongly upregulated on airway epithelial cells upon allergen challenge , suggesting an involvement of this receptor / ligand axis in the regulation of lymphocyte recruitment into the asthmatic bronchi . ^^^ These data support the role of CCR 4 , of its ligands MDC and TARC , and of CCR 8 in the pathogenesis of allergen induced late asthmatic responses and suggest that these molecules could be considered as targets for therapeutic intervention . . ^^^ |
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| Interacting proteins: O00626 and P51679 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| We further demonstrated highly frequent expression of CCR 4 in fresh ATL cells by ( 1 ) reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction ( RT PCR ) analysis of CCR 4 expression in peripheral blood mononuclear cells ( PBMCs ) from patients with ATL and healthy controls ; ( 2 ) flow cytometric analysis of CCR 4 expressing cells in PBMCs from patients with ATL and healthy controls ; ( 3 ) CCR 4 staining of routine blood smears from patients with ATL ; and ( 4 ) an efficient migration of fresh ATL cells to the CCR 4 ligands , TARC / CCL17 and MDC / CCL22 , in chemotaxis assays . ^^^ Furthermore , we detected strong signals for CCR 4 , TARC , and MDC in ATL skin lesions by RT PCR . ^^^ |
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| Interacting proteins: O00626 and P51679 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| This was associated with the expression of their agonistic receptor CXCR 3 , while mRNA for TARC and MDC , and their receptor CCR 4 were not detected . ^^^ |
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| Interacting proteins: O00626 and P51679 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| Moreover , CCR 4 and CXCR 6 were preferentially induced in T cells activated by mDC and pDC , respectively . ^^^ |
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| Interacting proteins: O00626 and P51679 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| Since the ligand of the TARC and MDC is CCR 4 , which is specifically expressed on Th 2 type T cells , the production of these CC chemokines is likely to play important roles in the T cell and B cell interaction . ^^^ |
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| Interacting proteins: O00626 and P51679 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| Monocyte derived chemokine ( MDC ) is a potent attractant which activates Th 2 lymphocytes via the chemokine receptor CCR 4 . ^^^ |
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| Interacting proteins: O00626 and P51679 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| RESULTS : Pulmonary CCR 4 + CD 4 + cells and levels of TARC and MDC were significantly increased in asthmatic children versus children with chronic cough or without airway disease . ^^^ In asthmatic children CCR 4 + CD 4 + cells correlated positively with levels of TARC , MDC , and serum IgE levels and negatively with FEV 1 . ^^^ CONCLUSION : Pulmonary CCR 4 + CD 4 + and CXCR 3 + CD 8 + cells and their ligands TARC , MDC , and ITAC clearly differentiate asthmatic children from nonatopic children with chronic cough . ^^^ |
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| Interacting proteins: O00626 and P51679 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| The expression profiles of MDC , TARC , and their receptor CCR 4 were analyzed in models of acute and chronic cigarette smoke induced airway inflammation that is characterized by a Th 1 immune response . ^^^ Our data indicate that instead of Th 2 cells , airway epithelial cells expressing CCR 4 might be the principal targets for MDC and TARC released from alveolar macrophages during cigarette smoke induced airway inflammation . . ^^^ |
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| Interacting proteins: O00626 and P51679 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| Migration assays indicated that Delta like 1 signalling of Pax 5 / pre BI cells had induced responsiveness to the chemokines MDC and MIP 1beta , ligands for the receptors CCR 4 and CCR 8 , respectively . ^^^ |
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| Interacting proteins: O00626 and P51679 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| In desensitization Ca flux experiments , TARC and STCP 1 bound to a common receptor and therefore at least one chemokine receptor for STCP 1 is CCR 4 . ^^^ |
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| Interacting proteins: O00626 and P51679 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| NA |
|
| Interacting proteins: O00626 and P51679 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| NA |
|
| Interacting proteins: O00626 and P51679 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| NA |
|
| Interacting proteins: O00626 and P51679 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| NA |
|
| Interacting proteins: O00626 and P51679 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| NA |
|
| Interacting proteins: O00626 and P51679 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| NA |
|
| Interacting proteins: O00626 and P51679 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| NA |
|
| Interacting proteins: O00626 and P51679 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| NA |
|
| Interacting proteins: O00626 and P51679 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| NA |
|
| Interacting proteins: O00626 and P51679 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| NA |
|
| Interacting proteins: O00626 and P51679 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| NA |
|
| Interacting proteins: O00626 and P51679 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| NA |
|
| Interacting proteins: O00626 and P51679 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| NA |
|
| Interacting proteins: O00626 and P51679 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| NA |
|
| Interacting proteins: O00626 and P51679 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| NA |
|
| Interacting proteins: O00626 and P51679 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| NA |
|
| Interacting proteins: O00626 and P51679 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| NA |
|
| Interacting proteins: O00626 and P51679 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| NA |
|
| Interacting proteins: O00626 and P51679 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| NA |
|