Pubmed abstracts for Protein-Protein Interaction search result :

Interacting proteins: P49286 and P48039	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
NA
Interacting proteins: P49286 and P48039	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
NA
Interacting proteins: P49286 and P48039	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
NA
Interacting proteins: P49286 and P48039	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
NA
Interacting proteins: P49286 and P48039	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
NA
Interacting proteins: P49286 and P48039	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
NA
Interacting proteins: P49286 and P48039	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
NA
Interacting proteins: P49286 and P48039	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
NA
Interacting proteins: P49286 and P48039	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
NA
Interacting proteins: P49286 and P48039	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
NA
Interacting proteins: P49286 and P48039	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
NA
Interacting proteins: P49286 and P48039	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
NA
Interacting proteins: P49286 and P48039	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
NA
Interacting proteins: P49286 and P48039	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
NA
Interacting proteins: P49286 and P48039	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
NA
Interacting proteins: P49286 and P48039	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
NA
Interacting proteins: P49286 and P48039	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
NA
Interacting proteins: P49286 and P48039	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
NA
Interacting proteins: P49286 and P48039	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
NA
Interacting proteins: P49286 and P48039	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
NA
Interacting proteins: P49286 and P48039	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
NA
Interacting proteins: P49286 and P48039	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
NA
Interacting proteins: P49286 and P48039	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
NA
Interacting proteins: P49286 and P48039	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
NA
Interacting proteins: P49286 and P48039	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
NA
Interacting proteins: P49286 and P48039	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
NA
Interacting proteins: P49286 and P48039	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
NA
Interacting proteins: P49286 and P48039	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
NA
Interacting proteins: P49286 and P48039	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
NA
Interacting proteins: P49286 and P48039	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
NA
Interacting proteins: P49286 and P48039	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
NA
Interacting proteins: P49286 and P48039	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
NA
Interacting proteins: P49286 and P48039	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
NA
Interacting proteins: P49286 and P48039	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
NA
Interacting proteins: P49286 and P48039	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
NA
Interacting proteins: P49286 and P48039	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
NA
Interacting proteins: P49286 and P48039	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
NA
Interacting proteins: P49286 and P48039	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
NA
Interacting proteins: P49286 and P48039	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
NA
Interacting proteins: P49286 and P48039	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
NA
Interacting proteins: P49286 and P48039	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
NA
Interacting proteins: P49286 and P48039	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
NA
Interacting proteins: P49286 and P48039	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
NA
Interacting proteins: P49286 and P48039	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
NA
Interacting proteins: P49286 and P48039	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
NA
Interacting proteins: P49286 and P48039	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
NA
Interacting proteins: P49286 and P48039	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
NA
Interacting proteins: P49286 and P48039	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
NA
Interacting proteins: P49286 and P48039	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
NA
Interacting proteins: P49286 and P48039	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
NA
Interacting proteins: P49286 and P48039	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
NA
Interacting proteins: P49286 and P48039	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
NA
Interacting proteins: P49286 and P48039	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
NA
Interacting proteins: P49286 and P48039	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
NA
Interacting proteins: P49286 and P48039	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
NA
Interacting proteins: P49286 and P48039	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
NA
Interacting proteins: P49286 and P48039	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
NA
Interacting proteins: P49286 and P48039	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
NA
Interacting proteins: P49286 and P48039	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
NA
Interacting proteins: P49286 and P48039	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
NA
Interacting proteins: P49286 and P48039	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
NA
Interacting proteins: P49286 and P48039	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
NA
Interacting proteins: P49286 and P48039	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
NA
Interacting proteins: P49286 and P48039	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
NA
Interacting proteins: P49286 and P48039	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
NA
Interacting proteins: P49286 and P48039	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
NA
Interacting proteins: P49286 and P48039	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
NA
Interacting proteins: P49286 and P48039	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
NA
Interacting proteins: P49286 and P48039	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
NA
Interacting proteins: P49286 and P48039	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
NA
Interacting proteins: P49286 and P48039	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
NA
Interacting proteins: P49286 and P48039	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
NA
Interacting proteins: P49286 and P48039	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
NA
Interacting proteins: P49286 and P48039	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
NA
Interacting proteins: P49286 and P48039	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
NA
Interacting proteins: P49286 and P48039	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
NA
Interacting proteins: P49286 and P48039	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
NA
Interacting proteins: P49286 and P48039	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
NA
Interacting proteins: P49286 and P48039	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
NA
Interacting proteins: P49286 and P48039	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
NA
Interacting proteins: P49286 and P48039	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
NA
Interacting proteins: P49286 and P48039	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
NA
Interacting proteins: P49286 and P48039	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
NA
Interacting proteins: P49286 and P48039	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
NA
Interacting proteins: P49286 and P48039	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
NA
Interacting proteins: P49286 and P48039	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
NA
Interacting proteins: P49286 and P48039	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
NA
Interacting proteins: P49286 and P48039	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
NA
Interacting proteins: P49286 and P48039	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
NA
Interacting proteins: P49286 and P48039	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
NA
Interacting proteins: P49286 and P48039	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
NA
Interacting proteins: P49286 and P48039	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
NA
Interacting proteins: P49286 and P48039	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
NA
Interacting proteins: P49286 and P48039	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
NA
Interacting proteins: P49286 and P48039	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
NA
Interacting proteins: P49286 and P48039	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
NA
Interacting proteins: P49286 and P48039	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Preliminary symbols are proposed : mut 1 for the gene of the line 101 / H and mut 2 for the gene of the line B 6 . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P49286 and P48039	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Methods to permit small movements of the block for the MT 1 and MT 2 ultramicrotomes are also described . . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P49286 and P48039	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
The isoforms MT 1 and MT 2 were identified and their Cd , Zn and SH group contents were determined . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P49286 and P48039	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
The MT 2 gene containing region was repaired less efficiently than the MT 1 gene , independently of zinc induction . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P49286 and P48039	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
The method is capable of measuring both isoforms of MT ( MT 1 and MT 2 ) . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P49286 and P48039	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Lymphoid cells show LCA , MT 1 , MT 2 , MB 1 , MB 2 , MB 3 , and LN 2 reactivity . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P49286 and P48039	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
There is a considerable similarity between MT 1 and MT 2 . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P49286 and P48039	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Our results show that two of these genes represent the MT 1 and MT 2 processed genes . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P49286 and P48039	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Mt 2 was observed , at a much lower concentration than Mt 1 , in liver but not kidney . . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P49286 and P48039	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
The rat MT 1 and MT 2 structural genes are shown to be separated by 4 kb of intergenic DNA . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P49286 and P48039	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Similarly , MT 1 , MT 2 , and UCHL 1 react with fixation resistant T cell restricted antigens . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P49286 and P48039	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
The two forms of MT ( MT 1 and MT 2 ) were isolated from one liver sample . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P49286 and P48039	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Molar ratios of cadmium , zinc and copper were calculated in MT 1 , MT 2 and total MT . . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P49286 and P48039	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Surprisingly , cells transformed with the Ha ras oncogene contain elevated basal levels of both MT 1 and MT 2 RNA . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P49286 and P48039	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
MT 2 frequencies were elevated in all 3 patient groups , while MT 1 was only increased in Ss . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P49286 and P48039	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
At alkaline pH , FSCE rapidly resolves isoforms belonging to the MT 1 and MT 2 charge classes . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P49286 and P48039	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Two isoforms of MT ( MT 1 and MT 2 ) were increased by TSO ; MT 2 was the dominant form . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P49286 and P48039	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
MT 1 and MT 2 are found in all tissues of the body , while MT 3 exists only in brain . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P49286 and P48039	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
While Balb c , C57 / BL and CD 1 mice strains had an equal distribution of both hepatic MT isoforms , MT 1 and MT 2 . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P49286 and P48039	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
The migration times for MT 1 and MT 2 decreased with increase in the applied voltage and column temperature . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P49286 and P48039	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
By 72 h of hyperoxia , the sensitive strain showed large increases in MT 1 , MT 2 , and TIMP 1 mRNAs . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P49286 and P48039	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
MT 2 , the other MT isoform , was induced more than MT 1 in liver by both cytokines . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P49286 and P48039	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
The antibody was raised in rabbits against rat MT 2 but it crossreacts equally with MT 1 and MT 2 . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P49286 and P48039	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
The two major components correspond to MT 1 and MT 2 , which were characterized by amino acid analysis . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P49286 and P48039	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
We report the generation of transgenic mice deficient in the metallothionein MT 1 and MT 2 genes . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P49286 and P48039	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Both MT 1 and MT 2 were coordinately induced by As ( 3 ) , As ( 5 ) , and MMAA . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P49286 and P48039	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
The ratio of hepatic MT 1 to MT 2 induced by PQ was not changed by BSO pretreatment . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P49286 and P48039	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Two other toxins ( MT 1 and MT 2 ) bind with high affinity to both m 1 and m 4 receptors , and are agonists . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P49286 and P48039	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
This methyl transfer reaction is catalyzed by two enzymes , designated MT 1 and MT 2 . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P49286 and P48039	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Poor induction of 2 5AS was found in IFN gamma producer cells carrying HTLV 1 ( MT 1 , MT 2 and SMT 1 ) . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P49286 and P48039	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
We have examined the expression of the MT 1 and MT 2 isoforms of metallothionein in the mouse olfactory mucosa . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P49286 and P48039	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
This methyl transfer reaction is catalyzed by two enzymes , designated methyltransferases 1 ( MT 1 ) and 2 ( MT 2 ) . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P49286 and P48039	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
The probes for MT 1 and MT 2 mRNA hybridized to a single band of approximately 550 and 450 nucleotides , respectively . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P49286 and P48039	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Furthermore , APLL antigens were not found on IL 2 independent HTLV 1 transformed cells such as MT 1 or MT 2 . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P49286 and P48039	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
MT 1 and MT 2 are expressed in many tissues , whereas MT 3 is expressed exclusively in the central nervous system ( CNS ) . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P49286 and P48039	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
To improve our understanding of MT in photoprotection , MT null mouse deficient in its MT 1 and MT 2 genes was studied . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P49286 and P48039	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
In a rat liver extract , both MT 1 and MT 2 were resolved and identified . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P49286 and P48039	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
The sequences of untranslated regions show some similarities with nematode MT 1 and MT 2 transcripts . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P49286 and P48039	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Both MT 1 and MT 2 mRNA were elevated as much as 30 fold following just 12 h ( one cycle ) of restraint stress . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P49286 and P48039	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
The expression of MT 1 and MT 2 isoform specific mRNA varied among three commonly utilized prostate cancer cell lines . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P49286 and P48039	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
To improve our understanding of MTs in photoprotection , MT null mouse deficient in MT 1 and MT 2 genes was studied . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P49286 and P48039	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
The biological significance of MT is related to its various forms MT 1 , MT 2 , MT 3 and MT 4 . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P49286 and P48039	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
All cell lines examined consistently expressed MT 1 MMP and MMP 2 , but not MT 2 , 3 MMP . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P49286 and P48039	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
MT 1 and MT 2 are ubiquitous and are induced by oxidative , physical , and chemical stress . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P49286 and P48039	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Here , the closely related human MT 1 and MT 2 melatonin receptors ( MT1R , MT2R ) were used to address these issues . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P49286 and P48039	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
The separation and identification of mammalian MT 1 , MT 2 , and MT 3 and class 3 MTs by CZE has been reported . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P49286 and P48039	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
L 1 ZnCl 2 increased the content of MT 1 mRNA by 69 % 129 % , MT 2 mRNA by 31 % 60 % ( P < 0 . 01 ) . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P49286 and P48039	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Four major MT isoforms , MT 1 , MT 2 , MT 3 and MT 4 , have been identified in mammals . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P49286 and P48039	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
MT 1 and MT 2 are found in all animal tissues , MT 3 and MT 4 in the brain . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P49286 and P48039	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
MT null mice that are deficient in MT 1 and MT 2 genes were studied and compared with homozygous wild type mice . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P49286 and P48039	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Molecular pharmacology of the ovine melatonin receptor : comparison with recombinant human MT 1 and MT 2 receptors . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P49286 and P48039	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Two melatonin receptors ( MT 1 and MT 2 ) have been cloned . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P49286 and P48039	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
The expression of MT 1 and MT 2 melatonin receptor mRNA in several rat tissues . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P49286 and P48039	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Binding affinity assays were performed on cloned human MT 1 and MT 2 receptors stably expressed in NIH3T3 cells . . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P49286 and P48039	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Both normal and breast cancer cell lines express the genes of MMP 2 , 9 , MT 1 , MT 2 , MT 3 MMP and TIMP 1 , 2 and 3 . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P49286 and P48039	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
The antiserum was essentially specific for MT 3 with 100 fold greater sensitivity for MT 3 compared to MT 1 or MT 2 . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P49286 and P48039	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Some of these effects are mediated by the interactions of melatonin with the two melatonin MT 1 and MT 2 receptors . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P49286 and P48039	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Some of these effects are achieved via melatonin binding to specific receptors , MT 1 and MT 2 . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P49286 and P48039	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
The production of viral particles of type A and B was increased by glucocorticoids in the PS MT 1 and PS MT 2 cell lines derived from the PS tumors . . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P49286 and P48039	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
The influence of the genetic background and of three mutant genes ( rad 2 , mut 1 and mut 2 ) on the frequency of the post meiotic segregation . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P49286 and P48039	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Tryptic digestion of maleated ubiquitin yielded four peptide fragments that were resolved by molecular sieve chromatography and coded in order of decreasing chain length ( MT 1 , MT 2 , MT 3 , and MT 4 ) . ^^^ The automated sequenator determinations on native ubiquintin provided overlapping sequence data for three of these fragments that gave an order of MT 1 , MT 3 , and then MT 2 ; Peptide MT 4 , a dipeptide , was therefore assigned to the C terminus , and the placement of peptide MT 2 was corroborated by analysis of data from carboxypeptidase digestions of maleated ubiquitin . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P49286 and P48039	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
With a 1 : 4000 dilution of the immunoglobulins , typical standard curves ( logit log regression ) provide a linear range of 0 . 1 100 ng for MT 2 and 10 1000 ng for MT 1 . ^^^ Fifty percent inhibition is accomplished with 15 ng and 250 ng for MT 2 and MT 1 , respectively . ^^^ Rat liver MT 1 and MT 2 containing different metals ( Ag , Cu , and Zn ) inhibited the antibodies as effectively as CdMT . ^^^ Specific antibodies to MT 2 were purified from our antiserum by affinity purification using CH Sepharose 4B coupled with rat liver MT 1 . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P49286 and P48039	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
The CuSO 4 resistance in a strain lacking both of the MT 2 genes was attributable to MT 1 ; no evidence was found for the production of ( gamma EC ) nG isopeptides . ^^^ Northern analysis of the total RNA from varied C . glabrata strains indicated no significant changes in the expression of MT 1 in the presence or absence of the MT 2 genes . . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P49286 and P48039	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
A polyclonal sheep anti MT 1 antibody ( PAb 1 ) showed higher affinity to MT 1 than to MT 2 with I 50 ( concentrations required to achieve 50 % inhibition ) being 18 and 480 ng for MT 1 and MT 2 , respectively . ^^^ Conversely , a polyclonal rabbit anti MT 2 antibody ( PAb 2 ) showed higher affinity to MT 2 than to MT 1 ( I 50 being 250 and 15 ng for MT 1 and MT 2 , respectively ) . ^^^ The predominant isoform in rat tissues was MT 2 and the proportion of MT 1 increased with induced synthesis of MT by metal injection . . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P49286 and P48039	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
The induction of oligo 2 ' , 5 ' adenylate synthetase ( 2 5AS ) by IFN was studied in five human T cell lines persistently infected with HTLV 1 ( MT 1 , MT 2 , SMT 1 , HUT 102 and OKM 2 ) . ^^^ Poor induction of 2 5AS was recognized in three ( MT 1 , MT 2 and SMT 1 ) of the four cell lines producing IFN gamma , though the poor induction was improved after long term cultivation of cells with IFN alpha . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P49286 and P48039	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Metallothionein ( MT ) fractions isolated from human adult liver tissue are readily separated by anion exchange chromatography in two isoforms , MT 1 and MT 2 , which differ from each other in the nature of the amino acid residue at position 11 . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P49286 and P48039	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Human T cell leukemia virus type 1 infected T cell lines MT 1 , MT 2 , H 89 59 , H 89 79 , and H 109 expressed LIF mRNA , but the T cell lines MOLT 4 and TALL 1 did not . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P49286 and P48039	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
There were coordinate elevations of both hepatic MT 1 and MT 2 mRNA of approximately 5 fold with peaks at both 6 and 24 hr after paraquat . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P49286 and P48039	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Further analysis of IMW fractions by DEAE A 25 anion exchange chromatography revealed that , in addition to Cd , there was some 3H which coeluted along with MT 1 and MT 2 isoforms , but preferentially with MT 1 . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P49286 and P48039	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
As3+ ( but not arsenate [ As5+ ] ) injection increased MT protein and MT 1 and MT 2 mRNA accumulation in liver only , but not in kidney or pancreas . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P49286 and P48039	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
We have performed an immunohistochemical study on formalin fixed , paraffin embedded tissue sections from seven patients with JLI and five with LE using monoclonal antibodies MT 1 ( pan T cells ) , OPD 4 ( helper / inducer T cells CD 4 ) , MT 2 ( mantle zone B and some T cells ) , MB 2 ( pan B cells ) , L 26 ( pan B cells ) , and LN 1 ( germinal centre B cells ) . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P49286 and P48039	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
This rise in MT was preceded by a 60 % depletion of hepatic glutathione 3 hr after DEM and increases in both MT 1 and MT 2 mRNA , which reached a peak 6 to 9 hr after DEM . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P49286 and P48039	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
At the same time , HTLV 1 related reaction ( diffuse pattern for MT 1 and / or MT 2 ) was found except positive reaction of the antibody ( granular pattern for MT 1 ) by immunofluorescent assay . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P49286 and P48039	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Zn metallothioneins ( MT 1 and MT 2 ) were isolated and purified from Wistar rat liver induced by subcutaneous injection with cadmium chloride over a short time . ^^^ MT 1 and MT 2 contained 6 gram atoms of zinc , but no cadmium . ^^^ Purified MT 1 and MT 2 were shown by high performance liquid chromatographic analysis to be highly homogeneous and had an amino acid composition similar to that of Cd MT . . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P49286 and P48039	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
To determine whether a panel of monoclonal antibodies reactive with lymphoid cells in paraffin embedded sections might be useful in distinguishing these confusing proliferations , the authors examined 45 follicular lymphomas and 30 follicular hyperplasia with the following antibodies ; L 26 , B 2 , MT 1 , MT 2 , and UCHL 1 . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P49286 and P48039	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Recently , our laboratory demonstrated that metallothionein 1 ( MT 1 ) is degraded faster than metallothionein 2 ( MT 2 ) in liver of Zn treated adult rats ; however , it is not clear whether this phenomenon is unique to Zn treatment or the age of the animal . ^^^ The objective of this study was twofold : ( 1 ) to determine if MT 1 is more susceptible than MT 2 to proteolytic breakdown regardless of age or chemical pretreatment and ( 2 ) to examine the hypothesis that the amount and type of metals bound to MT influences its resistance to degradation . ^^^ Pulse labeling experiments were conducted to determine the half lives of MT 1 and MT 2 in liver of adult rats ( 75 day old ) , immature rats ( 1 day old ) , and mature rats treated with single dosages of Zn ( 1 mmol / kg , sc ) , Cd ( 10 mumol / kg , sc ) , or ethanol ( 109 mmol / kg , po ) . ^^^ Atomic absorption spectrometry was utilized to measure the Zn , Cu , and Cd contents of MT 1 and MT 2 obtained in selected experimental groups . ^^^ MT 1 had a shorter half life than MT 2 in Zn treated adults ( 21 vs 33 hr ) and in nontreated immature rats ( 49 vs 73 hr ) . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P49286 and P48039	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
The predominant antigenic phenotype of hairy cells was CD 45 ( leukocyte common antigen ) + , CD45Ra ( 4KB5 , MB 1 , MT 2 ) + , L26+ , CDw 75 ( LN 1 ) + , CD 74 ( LN 2 ) + , LN3+ , MB2+ , CD45RO ( UCHL 1 ) , MT 1 , CD 15 ( Leu M 1 ) , neuron specific enolase ( NSE ) , epithelial membrane antigen , and CD 30 ( Ber H 2 ) . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P49286 and P48039	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
A rapid , reproducible and sensitive high performance liquid chromatography ( HPLC ) method for the determination and purification of metallothionein 1 ( MT 1 ) and metallothionein 2 ( MT 2 ) in mouse and rabbit livers has been developed . ^^^ Furthermore , the content of MT 1 or MT 2 was calculated by protein peak area in a short time ( about 20 min ) . ^^^ MT 1 and MT 2 were eluted at 15 . 9 and 19 . 3 min , respectively . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P49286 and P48039	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Rabbit kidney MT 1 and MT 2 were eluted at ca . 15 . 0 and 18 . 8 min , respectively , from a DEAE 5PW anion exchange column with a Tris HCl buffer ( 0 . 01 0 . 25 M , pH 8 . 6 ) and detected by ultraviolet absorbance at 254 nm . ^^^ The cadmium concentrations in MT 1 and MT 2 elutions were determined by graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrometry . ^^^ MT 1 and MT 2 showed some differences associated with the oral intake of cadmium . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P49286 and P48039	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
To determine if activation of MT 1 or MT 2 in these variants is a result of cis acting mutations , we amplified and sequenced the immediate 5 ' regions of 19 cadmium resistant S 49 variants : MT I+ / MT 2 , MT 1 / MT II+ , MT I+ / MT II+ , and MT 1 / MT 2 . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P49286 and P48039	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
While L 26 ( CD 20 ) is now well established as a B cell marker of high specificity for use in paraffin embedded tissues , paraffin reactive T cell antibodies ( UCHL 1 , MT 1 , Leu 22 , DF T 1 , and MT 2 ) have not shown comparable lineage specificity . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P49286 and P48039	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
To determine the reliability of these reagents in predicting the genotype , 44 cases of NHL were studied with the alkaline phosphatase anti alkaline phosphatase technique with the use of the following MoAbs : leukocyte common antigen ( CD 45 ) , Mac 387 , L 26 , 4KB5 , MB 1 , MB 2 , LN 2 , UCHL 1 , MT 1 , and MT 2 . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P49286 and P48039	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
LCA was positive in 90 % LN and B ML lymphocytes ; LN 2 , MB 2 stained more than 50 % LN and B ML lymphocytes ; MT 2 stained more than 50 % LN and less than 50 % B ML lymphocytes ; UCHL 1 stained the 20 % of LN lymphocytes ; LN 1 stained only B cells of the rare germinal centers ; MT 1 only myeloid cells , L 26 only plasma cells . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P49286 and P48039	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Two metallothionein ( low molecular weight , metal binding proteins ) preparations , MT 1 and MT 2 , have been isolated from the digestive gland of American lobster ( Homarus americanus ) contaminated with Cd . ^^^ MT 1 contains Cd and Cu binding proteins , whereas MT 2 is a reasonably pure Cd binding protein . ^^^ The properties of MT 1 and MT 2 with respect to amino acid and elemental compositions , heat stabilities , polarographic , high performance liquid chromatography ( HPLC ) , and isoelectric focussing behaviors are reported . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P49286 and P48039	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
The reactivity of EDTA , Cu2+ , and copper citrate with two metallothionein preparations ( MT 1 and MT 2 ) isolated from the digestive gland of Cd contaminated American lobster ( Homarus americanus ) was studied . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P49286 and P48039	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
The half lives of mouse MT 1 and MT 2 ( mMT 1 and mMT 2 ) mRNAs in uninduced BNL hepatoma cells were identical ( 9 . 2 h ) , and were not effectively altered after induction by metals ( Zn , Cd ) or interleukin 1 beta ( IL 1 beta ) . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P49286 and P48039	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
RNA from preimplantation mouse embryos at different stages of development ( Days 1 through 4 of gestation ; D 1 = vaginal plug ) was analyzed using the reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction ( RT PCR ) to specifically amplify MT 1 and MT 2 mRNA transcripts . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P49286 and P48039	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
The copper resistant cell line HAC 600 , which is maintained in 600 microns copper , had increased steady state mRNA levels for both the metallothionein 1 ( MT 1 ) and the metallothionein 2 ( MT 2 ) genes . ^^^ Levels of mRNA were increased 11 fold for MT 1 and 15 fold for MT 2 , with no significant change in alpha tubulin mRNA content . ^^^ HAC600NM cells , which are copper resistant cells kept in a normal copper concentration for over 1 year , also had eight and tenfold increases in MT 1 and MT 2 mRNA levels . ^^^ Nuclear run on assays showed that MT 1 and MT 2 gene transcription was increased nine and eightfold in HAC 600 cells and seven and tenfold in HAC600NM cells , respectively . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P49286 and P48039	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
DNA binding studies using AMT 1 protein expressed in Escherichia coli demonstrate that AMT 1 is activated by copper or silver to bind to both the MT 1 and MT 2 promoters of C . glabrata . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P49286 and P48039	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Eight antibodies ( UCHL 1 ( CD45RO ) , MT 1 ( CD 43 ) , MT 2 ( CD45R ) , 4KB5 ( CD45R ) , MB 1 ( CD45R ) , MB 2 , L 26 ( CD 20 ) and LN 1 ( CDw 75 ) ) have been examined for reactivity with routine specimens of normal and hyperplastic lymphoid organs ( n = 6 ) , non Hodgkin ' s lymphomas ( n = 62 ) , Hodgkin ' s disease ( n = 27 ) and non lymphoid malignancies ( n = 9 ) . ^^^ In normal and hyperplastic lymphoid organs , UCHL 1 and MT 1 stained predominantly T cells ; 4KB5 , MB 1 , MB 2 , L 26 and LN 1 stained predominantly B cells ; and MT 2 reacted with a subset of B and T cells . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P49286 and P48039	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Metallothionein ( MT ) , which in rodents exists predominantly as two isoproteins ( MT 1 and MT 2 ) , is an important endogenous protein in the detoxication of Cd . ^^^ Hepatic concentrations of MT 1 and MT 2 were measured in C3H / He ( Cd sensitive ) and DBA / 2 ( Cd resistant ) mice at various times after the administration of non toxic ( 2 . 5 mumol Cd / kg ) to hepatototoxic ( 80 mumol Cd / kg ) dosages of Cd . ^^^ The concentration of MT 1 and MT 2 in these strains was similar 24 h after injection of non hepatotoxic dosages of Cd ( 10 mumol Cd / kg or less ) as well as 6 12 h after a mildly hepatotoxic dose of Cd ( 20 mumol Cd / kg ) . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P49286 and P48039	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Northern blotting , in situ hybridization , and oligodeoxyribonucleotide excess solution hybridization were used to quantitate metallothionein 1 ( MT 1 ) and MT 2 mRNAs in mouse testes . ^^^ Pachytene spermatocytes ( PSC ) and round spermatids ( RTD ) isolated from adult testes contained both MT 1 and MT 2 mRNAs in levels equivalent to those found in zinc treated hepatocytes , whereas very low levels of MT mRNA were detected in isolated Sertoli cells ( ST ) . ^^^ Analysis of pulse labeled proteins from isolated PSC and RTD indicated that these cells actively synthesize MT 1 and MT 2 . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P49286 and P48039	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Of 56 isolated complementary DNA clones , 32 were identified to be identical to either metallothioneins ( MT 1 and MT 2 ) or endogenous retroviral like ( VL 30 ) sequences . ^^^ Treatment with other types of tumor promoters showed that MT 1 and MT 2 mRNAs were coordinately induced and indicated that sn 1 , 2 dioctanoylglycerol , 12 O retinoylphorbol 13 acetate , and mezerein induced MT to a lesser degree than TPA . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P49286 and P48039	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Three T cell associated markers ( UCHL 1 , MT 1 , MT 2 , six B cell associated markers ( MB 1 , MB 2 , LN 1 , LN 2 , L 26 , 4KB5 ) , immunoglobulin heavy and light chains , anti LCA antibody , two markers for Reed Sternberg cells ( Ber H 2 , Leu M 1 ) , one marker for macrophages ( Mac 387 ) and anti S 100 protein antibody were tested on normal skin , inflammatory skin diseases , and cutaneous lymphomas and pseudolymphomas . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P49286 and P48039	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
We studied the pattern of staining for commercially available monoclonal antibodies MT 1 , MT 2 , MB 2 , and LN 1 , which were originally marketed as lymphocyte markers , using paraffin embedded tissue sections of cases of LCH . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P49286 and P48039	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Solution hybridization with probes specific for MT 1 or MT 2 mRNA established that these genes were co induced in each of the organs and that the liver and kidney contained the highest absolute levels of these mRNAs , whereas in the intestine and spleen they were 10 20 fold lower . ^^^ Several recombinant cytokines ( TNF alpha , IL 1 alpha , IL 1 beta , IL 6 , interferon gamma ( IFN gamma ) , as well as poly ( rI . rC ) were effective inducers of hepatic MT 1 and MT 2 genes . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P49286 and P48039	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
We examined the effect of bestatin ( Ubenimex ) on the growth of human leukemic cells ( i . e , HL 60 , K 562 , MT 1 , MT 2 , Molt 4 , and Raji cells ) . ^^^ The growth of each cell line was inhibited by the cocultivation with bestatin at higher concentrations than employed for clinical use in Japan . [ 3H ] TdR incorporation was also inhibited in MT 1 and MT 2 cells by treatment with bestatin . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P49286 and P48039	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Metallothionein 1 ( MT 1 ) and MT 2 mRNA levels in the cells increased in proportion to the intracellular copper concentration . ^^^ The degree of stimulation was similar for both MT 1 and MT 2 , with mRNA levels increasing approximately fourfold for a six to eightfold increase in intracellular copper levels . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P49286 and P48039	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Three cases were also stained with LCA , UCHL 1 , MT 1 , MT 2 , MB 1 and MB 2 monoclonal antibodies in paraffin sections , and the results conformed with the frozen sectionmethod . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P49286 and P48039	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Two genes , designated metallothionein 1 ( MT 1 ) and one member of the metallothionein 2 family ( MT 2 ) , were cloned and sequenced previously ( Mehra , R . ^^^ Southern analysis of the genomic DNA samples from different wild type isolates indicated that the MT 1 gene was always present as a single copy but multiple ( 3 9 ) and tandemly arranged copies of one MT 2 gene were present in different strains . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P49286 and P48039	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
The purpose of this study was to quantitate hepatic metallothionein 1 ( MT 1 ) and metallothionein 2 ( MT 2 ) in adult mice pretreated with various dosages of selected inorganic and organic compounds and in nonchemically treated neonatal mice . ^^^ MT 1 and MT 2 in liver cytosols were isolated by high performance anion exchange chromatography and quantitated by atomic absorption spectrometry . ^^^ Hepatic MT 1 and MT 2 concentrations in adult controls were 5 . 1 + / 1 . 3 and 3 . 7 + / 1 . 0 micrograms / g liver , respectively . ^^^ The lowest dosages of Zn , Cd , dexamethasone , and ethanol that produced a significant increase in total MT content ( MT 1 plus MT 2 ) were 0 . 38 , 0 . 005 , 0 . 3 , and 90 mmol / kg , respectively . ^^^ These results indicate that MT 1 is more abundant than MT 2 in mouse liver following chemical exposure and during neonatal development . . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P49286 and P48039	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Resistance has been linked to amplification of the metallothionein genes MT 1 and MT 2 and their coordinate induction by cadmium and other toxic metals . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P49286 and P48039	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
The objective of this research was to study the regulation of hepatic MT 1 and MT 2 in rats . ^^^ In untreated adult rat liver , MT 2 was more abundant than MT 1 . ^^^ Cd treatment increased MT 1 and MT 2 to similar concentrations . ^^^ Low dosages of Zn increased MT 2 levels three times higher than MT 1 levels , whereas higher dosages increased the isoforms to similar levels . ^^^ Differences in the degradation of Zn induced MTs were observed : apparent half lives for MT 1 and MT 2 were 12 . 2 and 21 . 9 h , respectively . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P49286 and P48039	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Restriction fragment length variations and chromosome mapping of two mouse metallothionein genes , Mt 1 and Mt 2 . ^^^ Restriction endonuclease fragment length variations ( RFLVs ) were found through the use of cDNA probes for metallothionein genes 1 ( Mt 1 ) and 2 ( Mt 2 ) in the mouse . ^^^ RFLVs were detected in restriction patterns generated by BglII and XbaI in the Mt 1 gene and by PvuII in the Mt 2 gene . ^^^ Using the RFLVs , we mapped the Mt 1 and Mt 2 genes on chromosome 8 , and they appear to be very closely linked since no recombination was observed between them in any of the mice examined . ^^^ The gene order of Os Mt 1 , Mt 2 Prt 2 has been confirmed . . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P49286 and P48039	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Two Ta 60 antibodies and Tac antibody immunoprecipitated the molecule with almost identical electrophoretic mobility , approximately a Mr 60 , 000 antigen from [ 3H ] glucosamine labeled activated peripheral blood lymphocytes or MT 2 , MT 1 , or ATN 1 cells from adult T cell leukemia and a Mr 53 , 000 antigen from HUT 102 cells derived from cutaneous T cell lymphomas . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P49286 and P48039	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Two of these genes encoding proteins designated MT 1 and MT 2 have been cloned and sequenced . ^^^ As isolated , MT 1 and MT 2 consist of 62 and 51 amino acids , respectively . ^^^ The binding stoichiometries are 11 12 for MT 1 and 10 for MT 2 . ^^^ Northern analysis of the total cellular RNA from copper treated cells showed that both MT 1 and MT 2 genes are regulated by this metal ion in a concentration dependent fashion . ^^^ The concentrations of MT 2 mRNA appeared to be higher than that of MT 1 mRNA at all concentrations of copper sulfate tested . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P49286 and P48039	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
When separated by an anion exchanger , both isospecies MT 1 and MT 2 could be observed , as they were identical in every respect tested to those induced by zinc chloride . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P49286 and P48039	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
When rabbit liver MT and the purified isoforms ( MT 1 and MT 2 ) were subjected to RP HPLC and the zinc containing peaks of the MT sample to MT 1 or MT 2 . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P49286 and P48039	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Conventional gel filtration and ion exchange chromatographies resolved two MT isoforms , MT 1 and MT 2 . ^^^ Reversed phase high performance liquid chromatography of both MT isoforms resolved further peaks sharing MT properties not only from the MT 1 but also from the MT 2 ion exchange isoform . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P49286 and P48039	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
ATLA related reaction with diffuse reaction patterns in both MT 1 and MT 2 cells was detected in 7 of 18 sera in patients with DPB and in 5 of 15 IIP sera . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P49286 and P48039	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Adult T cell Leukemia cell lines MT 1 , MT 2 , KH 2 and MT 2 stimulated by phorbol 12 myristate 13 acetate ( PMA ) were used as target cells in immunofluorescence microscopy ( IF ) examination with positive rates as 0 . 20 % ( 2 / 965 ) , 0 . 62 % ( 6 / 965 ) , 0 . 20 % ( 2 / 965 ) and 0 . 51 ( 5 / 965 ) respectively . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P49286 and P48039	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Titrations carried out at 20 degrees C and 55 degrees C reveal for the first time the formation of a sequence of clusters ( Ag 6 MT , Ag 12 MT and , finally , Ag 18 MT ) as Ag+ is added to rabbit apoMT 2 . ( The division of mammalian metallothioneins into two major subforms , MT 1 and MT 2 , is based on differences in molecular charge , which results from differences in the sequence of amino acids that do not involve the cysteines . ) It is proposed that the novel Ag 18 MT complex forms with a structure that involves a well defined three dimensional structure , in the same manner as that recently reported for the Hg 18 MT complex ( Cai , W . and Stillman , M . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P49286 and P48039	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Although the same level of MT 2 as that of MT 1 was induced by zinc , the level of MT 2 was 3 to 4 fold higher than that of MT 1 by administrations of endotoxin or glucocorticoid hormone . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P49286 and P48039	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Peripheral blood lymphocytes from ATL patients and ATL cell lines such as Hut 102 , MT 1 , and MT 2 were not activated to proliferate by the stimulation with concanavalin A and suppressed normal lymphocyte proliferative responses induced with concanavalin A when cultured together . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P49286 and P48039	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
ATL cell lines such as Hut 102 , MT 1 , and MT 2 functioned as accessory cells for the stimulation of human T cell proliferative response induced with concanavalin A ( Con A ) and induced allogeneic mixed lymphocyte reaction . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P49286 and P48039	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Three additional loci previously assigned to 16q22 were studied in our patient : haptoglobin ( HP ) , lecithin : cholesterol acyltransferase ( LCAT ) , and the metallothionein gene cluster MT 1 , MT 2 . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P49286 and P48039	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
One of the isoproteins is identical with the previously sequenced charge separable form MT 2 while the remaining five are subforms of the less negatively charged MT 1 fraction . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P49286 and P48039	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
The Cdr 80 hepa cells have double minute chromosomes which carry amplified copies of the MT 1 and MT 2 genes and can accumulate approximately 20 fold more MT mRNA than Cds hepa cells when stimulated with an optimal dose of Cd . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P49286 and P48039	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Paraffin embedded tissue sections were cut and stained employing the alkaline phosphatase antialkaline phosphatase ( APAAP ) immunocytochemical procedure with monoclonal antibodies against leukocyte common antigen ( PD7 / 26 2B11 ) , restricted components of the leukocyte common antigen ( UCHL 1 , 4KB5 ) , granulocytes ( Mac 387 , Leu M 1 ) , leukocytes ( MT 1 , MT 2 , LN 1 , LN 2 ) , HLA DR ( LN 3 ) , and elastase ( NP 57 ) , as well as polyclonal antibodies against lactoferrin , lysozyme , alpha 1 antitrypsin , and alpha 1 antichymotrypsin . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P49286 and P48039	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Furthermore , an Epstein Barr virus ( EBV ) transformed B cell line ( ES 1 ) was constructed from an SLE patient , which produced a monoclonal antibody ( IgG , lambda ) reactive to an HTLV 1 related cell membrane antigen expressed on MT 1 and MT 2 cells . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P49286 and P48039	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
We have accordingly sought confirmation by screening sera and cerebrospinal fluid ( CSF ) samples from MS patients against cell lines infected respectively with adult T cell leukaemia ( ATL ) virus ( ATLV / HTLV 1 ) of Japanese cells ( MT 1 and MT 2 lines ) , our own isolate from British black patients with ATL , the MoT cell line which produce HTLV 2 , and our own T cell line containing a local isolate of acquired immune deficiency syndrome ( AIDS ) virus ( C LAV / HTLV 3 ) . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P49286 and P48039	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
The promoters of the adenovirus 2 major late gene , the mouse beta globin gene , the mouse immunoglobulin VH gene and the LTR of the human T lymphotropic retrovirus type 1 were tested for their transcription activities in cell free extracts of four cell lines ; HeLa , CESS ( Epstein Barr virus transformed human B cell line ) , MT 1 ( HTLV 1 infected human T cell line without viral protein synthesis ) , and MT 2 ( HTLV 1 infected human T cell line producing viral proteins ) . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P49286 and P48039	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
We have examined the chromatin structure of the metallothionein ( MT ) gene region in MT S 49 mouse lymphoma cells and in derivatives which express MT 1 alone , MT 2 alone , or both genes . ^^^ In all lines , these genes are contained in a 16 kilobase pair region between two DNase 1 sensitive sites : one site located 5 . 3 kilobase pairs 5 ' of MT 2 ( the 5 ' gene ) is present in naked DNA and retained in the chromatin of all lines ; the other site located 3 . 1 kilobase pairs 3 ' of MT 1 is hypersensitive . ^^^ Two sites 5 ' of MT 2 disappear , and a site 3 ' of MT 1 appears regardless of which gene is activated . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P49286 and P48039	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
By HPLC , the Cd MT in the HE 100 cells was resolved into 3 MT 1 and 1 MT 2 iso proteins exhibiting the amino acid composition typical of MT . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P49286 and P48039	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
The monoclonal antibodies included were MT 1 , MT 2 , MB 1 , MB 2 , MB 3 , LN 1 , LN 2 , LN 3 , LeuM 1 , Leu 7 , VIE G 4 , together with polyclonal antibodies reactive with immunoglobulin heavy and light chains , and with lysozyme and S 100 protein . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P49286 and P48039	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
The panel included anti leucocyte common antigen ( CD 45 ) , T cell associated antigens ( UCHL 1 , MT 1 ) , B cell associated antigens ( MB 1 , 4KB5 ( CD45R ) , MT 2 , LN 1 ) , a B cell specific antigen ( L 26 ) , C3D 1 ( CD 15 ) , and BER H 2 ( CD 30 ) . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P49286 and P48039	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Two commercially available monoclonal antibodies , MT 1 and MT 2 , were tested for their reactivities with T cells in a wide range of formalin fixed , paraffin embedded tissues , including 130 cases of immunologically characterized lymphoma . ^^^ In reactive lymph nodes , MT 1 stained the T cell areas , whereas MT 2 stained both the T cell areas and mantle zone B lymphocytes . ^^^ Neither MT 1 nor MT 2 stained Reed Sternberg cells or their variants in HodgKin ' s disease . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P49286 and P48039	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Monoclonal antibodies ( MT 1 , MT 2 , MB 1 , MB 2 , MB 3 ) reactive with leukocyte subsets in paraffin embedded tissue sections . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P49286 and P48039	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Amino acid sequence comparisons establish that chicken MT shares extensive homology with mammalian MTs , but is more closely related to the MT 2 than to the MT 1 isoforms from various mammals . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P49286 and P48039	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
The purpose of this study was to determine the role of transcription , translation , and protein degradation on the accumulation of metallothionein 1 ( MT 1 ) and metallothionein 2 ( MT 2 ) in rat liver following induction of these proteins by Zn . ^^^ The time course of MT induction indicated that concentrations of MT 1 and MT 2 , quantitated by high performance liquid chromatography , were similar at 6 hr after administration of 1000 mumol Zn / kg ( sc ) , but thereafter the concentration of MT 2 was always higher than that of MT 1 . ^^^ By 24 hr after Zn administration , the concentration of MT 2 in liver was more than two times that of MT 1 . ^^^ This difference increased with time such that by 96 hr the concentration of MT 2 was more than five times that of MT 1 . ^^^ MT 1 and MT 2 mRNA levels , measured by Northern blot hybridization with mouse cRNA probes , increased coordinately following administration of Zn . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P49286 and P48039	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
In this study , the ontogeny of hepatic isometallothioneins ( MT 1 and MT 2 ) was determined . ^^^ MT 1 and MT 2 , first detected in fetal liver on gestation Day 18 , increased coordinately during late gestation and reached maximum hepatic concentrations of approximately 400 and 500 micrograms / g , respectively , which were maintained from postpartum Days 1 through 7 . ^^^ MT 2 was significantly higher than MT 1 in 14 and 21 day old rats . ^^^ MT 1 and MT 2 mRNA levels were quantitated by Northern blot hybridization with mouse cRNA probes . ^^^ Additional experiments indicated that Cd ( 1 30 mumol / kg ) , Zn ( 100 3000 mumol / kg ) , and dexamethasone ( 0 . 3 10 mumol / kg ) increased hepatic concentrations of MT 1 and MT 2 and their respective mRNAs in 14 day old rats , despite the preexisting high levels of protein and mRNA at this time . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P49286 and P48039	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
MT accumulated in the tumour cells showed two subfractions ( MT 1 and MT 2 ) ; the ratio of Zn ( or Cu ) bound to MT 1 to that bound to MT 2 in the host liver and tumour cells was 1 . 0 ( or 1 . 0 ) and 0 . 7 ( or 0 . 25 ) respectively , suggesting that the induction level of MT 2 in the tumour cells is more than that of MT 1 . ^^^ The h . p . l . c . profiles ( using an anion exchange column ) of the isolated MT 1 and MT 2 subfractions from Zn treated normal mouse liver showed a single peak ( MT 1 1 ) and two peaks ( MT 2 1 and MT 2 2 ) respectively ; mouse MTs were separated into three isoforms . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P49286 and P48039	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Induction of metallothionein 1 ( MT 1 ) and metallothionein 2 ( MT 2 ) by glucocorticoids was determined by h . p . l . c . analysis of proteins and Northern blot analysis of MT mRNAs . ^^^ In control rats , only MT 2 was detected ( 9 . 4 + / 2 . 5 micrograms / g of liver ) , whereas the hepatic concentration of MT 1 was below the detection limit ( 5 micrograms of MT / g ) . ^^^ Dexamethasone did not increase MT 1 above the detection limit at any dosage tested , but MT 2 increased to 2 . 5 times control values at dosages of 0 . 30 mumol / kg and higher . ^^^ To determine whether dexamethasone increased MT 1 in liver , samples were saturated with 109Cd , after which the amount of 109Cd in MT 1 and MT 2 was determined . ^^^ Results indicated that , by this approach , MT 1 and MT 2 could be detected in control rats , and there was approx . 1 . 8 times more 109Cd in MT 2 than in MT 1 . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P49286 and P48039	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
In our native polyacrylamide gel system Mt 1 ran ahead of Mt 2 , while the two Mt forms were not separated in the Laemmli SDS system in which it behaved as a protein with mol . wt 10 , 000 . ^^^ In both gel systems , however , Mt 1 stained as a very faint band in comparison to Mt 2 , despite equal absorbance at 254 nm and Cd binding capacity . 4 . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P49286 and P48039	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Mouse metallothioneins ( MTs ) were separated into three isoforms by an anion exchange h . p . l . c . column ; conventionally isolated MT 1 and MT 2 showed a single peak ( MT 1 1 ) and two peaks ( MT 2 1 and MT 2 2 ) , respectively . ^^^ In growing cells , developing hepatocytes and growing tumour cells , MT 1 / MT 2 ratios were less than 0 . 6 , irrespective of the type of MT inducer , whereas adult liver post mitotic cells had a ratio of more than 1 . 0 . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P49286 and P48039	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
By using antiserum obtained from a rabbit to which carp hepatopancreas MT 2 had been administered , immunological characteristics between hepatopancreas MT 1 , 2 and kidney MT 2 were studied , and a slight difference in antigenic determinant was observed among them . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P49286 and P48039	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Rats were injected ( sc ) with Cd ( 1 100 mumol / kg ) or Zn ( 100 10 , 000 mumol / kg ) and concentrations of MT 1 and MT 2 in liver , kidney , and pancreas were measured 24 hr later . ^^^ In liver , Cd treatment increased MTs at all dosages tested such that concentrations of MT 1 and MT 2 were approximately equal . ^^^ Zn ( 100 1000 mumol / kg ) increased concentrations of MT 2 about three times higher than MT 1 , but higher dosages increased both isoforms to similar levels . ^^^ Time course experiments indicated that , at all times after Cd administration ( 30 mumol / kg ) , concentrations of MT 1 and MT 2 in liver were similar . ^^^ However , with Zn treatment ( 1000 mumol / kg ) , MT 2 levels were three times higher than MT 1 at all times after 6 hr . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P49286 and P48039	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
The expression of metallothionein genes ( MT 1 and MT 2 ) was shown to be enhanced within 2 h of addition of 2 . 5 5 mM sodium butyrate to cultures of teratocarcinoma cells . ^^^ These results suggest that butyrate alters the chromatin conformation of both the MT 1 and MT 2 genes leading to an accentuated transcriptional response to metals . . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P49286 and P48039	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Ion exchange chromatography of pulse labelled blastocyst protein showed that the relative rates of synthesis of both MT 1 and MT 2 were markedly increased following zinc treatment , with MT 1 being the predominant isometallothionein . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P49286 and P48039	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Rat liver MT was characterized by a less complex isoform pattern with only two major isoforms corresponding to the MT 1 and MT 2 isoMTs . ^^^ Similarly , avian liver MT exhibited a distinct isoform pattern characterized by a low degree of complexity with the MT 2 isoform much more abundant than the MT 1 species . ^^^ Liver tissue from chicks injected on consecutive days with a dose of zinc was assayed for both MT 1 and MT 2 isoforms using the RP HPLC analysis of cytosol samples . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P49286 and P48039	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
A rapid , reproducible , and sensitive high performance liquid chromatography ( HPLC ) method for the determination of the concentrations of metallothionein 1 ( MT 1 ) and metallothionein 2 ( MT 2 ) in rat liver has been developed . ^^^ Purified rat liver MT 1 and MT 2 , used as standards for developing the method , were easily resolved , eluting at 7 . 5 and 10 . 4 min , respectively . ^^^ Concentrations of total MTs in liver of untreated and Cd or Zn treated rats were also determined by the Cd / hemoglobin radioassay ( which fails to distinguish MT 1 from MT 2 ) and indicated that results obtained with the HPLC AAS method compared favorably to the Cd / hemoglobin radioassay . ^^^ Thus , the HPLC AAS method for quantitating MT 1 and MT 2 offers the advantage of determining the concentrations of both proteins in tissues and should be useful for studying the regulation of MT 1 and MT II . . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P49286 and P48039	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
DEAE A 25 anion exchange chromatography revealed that human fetal hepatic MT 1 and MT 2 elute similarly to native newborn and cadmium induced adult rat liver MT , MT 1 and MT 2 . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P49286 and P48039	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Almost half of cells converted to MT expression by carcinogens co express both MT 1 and MT 2 , and levels of steady state RNA from those activated genes are coordinately regulated by Cd . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P49286 and P48039	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Ion exchange chromatography revealed two isoproteins , MT 1 and MT 2 , in all the dog liver samples examined . ^^^ In Bedlington terrier liver , copper associated with both isoproteins was increased , although the increase for MT 2 was greater than for MT 1 . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P49286 and P48039	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Monoclonal antibodies against rabbit metallothioneins ( MT ) were prepared by in vitro immunization of mouse lymphocytes with a mixture of the two forms of metallothionein MT 1 and MT 2 . ^^^ TN 5 is specific for both rabbit MT 1 and MT 2 . ^^^ TN 7 is specific for rabbit MT 2 but not MT 1 and cross reacts also with Chinese hamster , mouse and rat metallothioneins . ^^^ The antibodies TN 1 , TN 4 and TN 6 bind not only to rabbit MT 1 and MT 2 but also to other metal binding proteins like alcohol dehydrogenase and carbonic anhydrase . . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P49286 and P48039	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Quantitative hybridization analyses determined that the MT 1 and MT 2 genes are each present at approximately single copy levels in the genome of cell line Cdr2C10 and are coordinately amplified approximately 7 , 3 , and 12 times over the Cdr2C10 value in the genomes of cell lines Cdr20F4 , Cdr30F9 , and Cdr200T1 , respectively . ^^^ Nonetheless , the ratio of the levels of MT 1 to MT 2 mRNAs was constant in each of the four cell lines , including Cdr20F4 . ^^^ These results demonstrate that MT 1 and MT 2 mRNAs are induced coordinately in each Cdr cell line . ^^^ Therefore , the coordination of the induction of MT 1 and MT 2 mRNA is independent of MT gene amplification , MT gene rearrangement , and the relative inducibilities of amplified MT genes . ^^^ However , MT mRNA and protein levels each indicate that MT 1 and MT 2 expression is non coordinate in uninduced cells . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P49286 and P48039	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Regulation of the endogenous mouse metallothionein 1 and 2 ( MT 1 and MT 2 ) genes by heavy metals and glucocorticoids was studied in cultured mouse cells . ^^^ Both mRNAs were measured simultaneously by solution hybridization with [ 3H ] MT 1 cDNA and [ 32P ] MT 2 cDNA , and the absolute amount of each mRNA was calculated by using a single stranded M 13 standard that contained both mRNA sequences . ^^^ However , under all conditions there was 1 . 2 to 1 . 9 fold more MT 1 mRNA than MT 2 mRNA . ^^^ We conclude that both genes are regulated identically by receptors for glucocorticoids and metals but that the rate of transcription from the MT 1 gene is slightly higher than from the MT 2 gene . . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P49286 and P48039	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
MTs exist in several molecular forms ( MT 1 , MT 2 ) and are encoded by a multi gene family containing at least 14 closely related genes and pseudogenes . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P49286 and P48039	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
We studied the distribution of HLA DR and MT 1 , MT 2 , MT 3 genotypes in 23 Chinese children with insulin dependent diabetes mellitus ( IDDM ) . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P49286 and P48039	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Metallothioneins were separated by DEAE Sephadex A 25 chromatography into two forms : MT 1 and MT 2 . ^^^ The antiserum cross reacted with mouse and hamster MT 1 and MT 2 giving a single precipitin band . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P49286 and P48039	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Thus , the spectra of both chromatographically distinguishable isoforms MT 1 and MT 2 were not identical , and neither could be interpreted in terms of a unique static model with the seven Cd ions forming two independent clusters of four and three Cd ions . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P49286 and P48039	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
The primary structures of the isoproteins MT 1 and MT 2 were elucidated by peptide and amino acid sequence analysis . ^^^ The marked differences of MT 1 and MT 2 in the Cu thiolate CD features can be attributed to the six amino acid substitutions occurring exclusively in the amino terminal parts of the molecules . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P49286 and P48039	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
By comparison with the h . p . l . c . elution profiles of the charge separable species MT 1 and MT 2 isolated by the procedure of Bhler & Kgi [ ( 1974 ) FEBS Lett . 39 , 229 234 ] , five of these isoproteins are identified as hitherto unresolved subforms of MT 1 , and one is identical with MT 2 . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P49286 and P48039	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
In man , the metallothioneins are encoded by at least 10 12 genes separated into two groups , MT 1 and MT 2 . ^^^ Using human mouse cell hybrids and hybridization probes derived from cloned and functional human MT 1 and MT 2 genes , we show that the functional human genes are clustered on human chromosome 16 . ^^^ Analysis of RNA from somatic cell hybrids indicated that hybrids that contained human chromosome 16 expressed both human MT 1 and MT 2 mRNA , and this expression is regulated by both heavy metal ions and glucocorticoid hormones . . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P49286 and P48039	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Some characteristics of T cell growth factors derived from adult T cell leukemia virus ( ATLV ) transformed cell lines , MT 1 and MT 2 were analyzed . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P49286 and P48039	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
The mouse metallothionein 2 ( MT 2 ) gene is located approximately 6 kilobases upstream of the MT 1 gene . ^^^ A comparison of the sequences of mouse MT 1 and MT 2 genes ( as well as those of other mammals ) reveals that the coding regions are highly conserved even at `` silent ' ' positions but that the noncoding regions and introns are extremely divergent between primates and rodents . ^^^ There are four blocks of conserved sequences in the promoters of mouse MT 1 , mouse MT 2 , and human MT IIA genes ; one includes the TATAAA sequence , and another has been implicated in regulation by heavy metals . ^^^ Mouse MT 1 and MT 2 mRNAs are induced to approximately the same extent in vivo in response to cadmium , dexamethasone , or lipopolysaccharide . ^^^ Mouse MT 1 and MT 2 genes are regulated by metals but not by glucocorticoids after transfection into HeLa cells . . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P49286 and P48039	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Following this procedure , 8 mAb were ascertained as reacting with HLA DR supertypic determinants , 6 with associations to MT 1 , MT 2 , or both . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P49286 and P48039	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
In humans , this mAb bound to and immunoprecipitated HLA D / DR molecules expressed on lymphoblastoid cell lines carrying the MT 1 and MT 2 supertypic specificities . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P49286 and P48039	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Simultaneously in a retrospective analysis of graft outcome the importance of matching for MT antigens MT 1 , MT 2 and MT 3 as a newly defined B cell alloantigen system was evaluated . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P49286 and P48039	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
In an attempt to study the gene products of the HLA complex , a monoclonal antibody , named HU 30 , was produced by immunizing BALB / c mice with a cultured human B lymphoblastoid cell line , Shi C 3 ( Aw 24 , Aw 31 , Bw 51 , Bw 52 , DR 2 , DR blank , MT 1 , MT 2 , MB 3 ) . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P49286 and P48039	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
After platelet absorption it reacted with the B cells of 10 out of 119 European Caucasoid panel donors ( 8 . 4 % ) typed for DR 1 to DRW 10 and for MT 1 , MT 2 . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P49286 and P48039	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
We studied the distribution of HLA A , B , and DR and MT 1 , MT 2 , MT 3 genotypes in all 20 Chinese children with insulin dependent diabetes mellitus ( IDDM ) attending the four government pediatric units in Singapore . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P49286 and P48039	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
HLA DR and MT 1 , MT 2 , MT 3 genotypes have been investigated in 123 Type 1 ( insulin dependent ) diabetic subjects and their families . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P49286 and P48039	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
One clone appears to represent monkey MT 2 , as shown by its close homology to the human MT 2 sequence , whereas the second may correspond to monkey MT 1 or a related variant metallothionein . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P49286 and P48039	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
In addition to these DR antigens , two other B cell alloantigen systems ( MT and MB ) were proposed on the basis of the serologic data ( 3 , 4 ) ; the MB 1 or MT 1 specificities are found in association with DR 1 , DR 2 , and DRw 6 , whereas MT 2 is associated with DR 3 , DR 5 , DRw 6 , and DRw 8 ; MT 3 is associated with DR 4 , DR 7 , and DRw 9 , and MB 3 or MT 4 is associated with DR 4 , DR 5 , and DRw 8 , respectively ( 3 , 4 ) . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P49286 and P48039	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Two major forms of MT ( MT 1 and MT 2 ) and TMBP 3 ( TMBP 3 form 1 and TMBP 3 form 2 ) were obtained after DEAE Sephadex A 25 anion exchange chromatography , with the corresponding subfractions being eluted at similar conductances . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P49286 and P48039	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Multiple injections of isoproterenol and norepinephrine induced the formation of isoforms MT 1 and MT 2 in roughly equal amounts . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P49286 and P48039	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Human metallothionein MT 1 and MT 2 processed genes . ^^^ Two intronless pseudogenes , corresponding to the human metallothionein MT 1 and MT 2 processed genes , have been isolated from a human genomic library . ^^^ Both MT 1 and MT 2 processed genes possess poly ( A ) sequences of 21 and 17 nucleotides , respectively , 3 ' to the consensus AATAAA sequence . ^^^ Two direct repeats of 16 and 18 nucleotides in length define the limits of the MT 1 and MT 2 processed genes , respectively , and have been confirmed by S 1 nuclease mapping analysis . ^^^ In both MT 1 and MT 2 processed genes these direct repeats towards the 5 ' end of the gene start with an AhaIII ( TTTAAA ) restriction site . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P49286 and P48039	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
The morphological structure and morphogenesis of ATLV produced from MT 1 , MT 2 cell lines and short term cultured cells from peripheral lymphocytes of ATL patients were observed by electronmicroscopy . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P49286 and P48039	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
MT 1 and MT 2 ) showed that , in the regenerating liver , there was an unequal distribution of zinc between the two isoproteins . ^^^ Thus at operation the endogenous thionein had an MT2 / MT1 ratio of 1 ; after regeneration this ratio increased , and all times during the time course there was more MT 2 than MT 1 . ^^^ Half life determinations for thionein disappearance / degradation shows that MT 2 and MT 1 were degraded with half lives ( t1 / 2 ) of 26 . 18h and 16 . 44h respectively in the regenerating liver and 14 . 75h and 9 . 3h after zinc injection . ^^^ However , in both situations MT 2 was always removed at a slower rate than MT 1 . ^^^ Calculation of the rates of thionein synthesis ( assuming the above disappearance rates were constant throughout the time course ) showed that , in the regenerating liver , the rate of MT 2 synthesis was approximately twice that of MT 1 . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P49286 and P48039	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
DR typing results obtained with the 8th International Histocompatibility Workshop genetic set of antisera indicate inheritance in coupling of DR 2 with LD5A , of DR6 . 2 ( DR3+6 , MT 1 negative , MT 2 positive ) with LD15A , and of DRW 8 with LD15B . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P49286 and P48039	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Incorporation of [ 35S ] cysteine into metallothionein suggest that differential synthesis affecting both isoproteins ( MT 1 and MT 2 ) equally is largely responsible for the strain difference between C57BL / 10 and DBA / 2 , and interstrain crosses between these two strains reveal codominant inheritance of Cd2+ induced metallothionein level and indicate that a single gene , either linked or identical to the cdm gene on chromosome 3 , is involved . . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P49286 and P48039	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Complementary DNA ( cDNA ) prepared by the endogenous reaction of detergent treated virions hybridized with 35S RNA in MT 2 cells and another ATL cell line , MT 1 , and this 35S RNA was inducible with IUDR treatment of the MT 1 cells , indicating that ATLV is a typical retrovirus containing 35S RNA as the genome . ^^^ The ATLV proviral DNA was detected in the chromosomal DNA of MT 1 and MT 2 cell lines as well well as in fresh peripheral blood cells of all five patients with ATL tested ; however , it was not found in those of three healthy adults . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P49286 and P48039	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Three minor resonances to higher field are observed in the 113Cd NMR spectrum of calf liver MT 1 and one in calf liver MT 2 , which may be attributed to a small fraction of cluster B with one Cu+ replaced by 113Cd2+ . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P49286 and P48039	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
The analysis of the 113Cd NMR spectra show that the total of six metals bound per mole of crab metallothionein 1 ( MT 1 ) and MT 2 are arranged in two separate three metal clusters . . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P49286 and P48039	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
The two isoproteins , MT 1 and MT 2 , showed 113Cd nmr resonances in the chemical shift range 610 670 ppm . ^^^ Chemical shift similarities in the 113Cd nmr spectra of the human , rabbit and calf liver MT 1 and MT 2 are observed , especially for cluster A . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P49286 and P48039	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
More than 95 % of the total yield of progenitor cells expressed CD 34 and CD 43 ( MT 1 ) and of these about 90 % CD 45 ( LCA ) and 25 % CD45A ( MT 2 ) . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P49286 and P48039	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
MT 1 and MT 2 mRNAs were probed on northern blots with an [ alpha 32P ] dCTP labeled synthetic cDNA probe specific for rat MT mRNA . ^^^ MT 1 and MT 2 mRNAs were detected in untreated cells , suggesting constitutive MT expression in these cells . ^^^ The probes hybridize to a single mRNA with a size appropriate for MT , approximately 550 and 350 bp for MT 1 and MT 2 , respectively . ^^^ Expression of MT 1 and MT 2 mRNA in astrocyte monolayers exposed to 2 10 10 ( 6 ) M MeHg for 6 h was increased over MT 1 and MT 2 mRNA levels in controls . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P49286 and P48039	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
The proteins encoded by these genes can be divided into two groups ( MT 1 and MT 2 ) based on the presence or absence of a central domain separating two cysteine rich domains . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P49286 and P48039	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
We have recently isolated tumour associated antigen ( TAA ) peptides , MUT 1 and MUT 2 , derived from a mutated connexin 37 gap junction protein , from the malignant 3LL D 122 murine lung carcinoma . ^^^ We now report that synthetic MUT 1 or MUT 2 induces effective antitumour cytoxic T lymphocytes . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P49286 and P48039	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
The cytoskeletal bound polysomes were enriched in metallothionein 1 ( MT 1 ) and c myc mRNAs but showed a significantly lower enrichment in MT 2 mRNA . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P49286 and P48039	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Oligonucleotide probes , shown to distinguish between MT 1 and MT 2 mRNA isoforms , were used to test for cell specific differences in MT isoform gene expression . ^^^ Following Cd administration , the level of MT 1 mRNA and MT 2 mRNA increased in each cell class but the response to Cd was three times greater in alveolar macrophages . ^^^ Macrophages expressed more MT 1 mRNA when exposed to air and more MT 2 mRNA in response to Cd exposure . ^^^ Type 2 cells , on the other hand , expressed more MT 2 mRNA than MT 1 mRNA regardless of whether the cells were exposed to air or Cd . ^^^ In conclusion , the present study has demonstrated that ( 1 ) alveolar macrophages and type 2 cells respond to in vivo Cd exposure by increasing MT protein and mRNA levels ; ( 2 ) MT expression is greater in macrophages than in type 2 cells and correlates well with intracellular Cd concentration ; and ( 3 ) the MT 2 mRNA to MT 1 mRNA ratio is cell and treatment specific . . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P49286 and P48039	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
The purified isoforms MT 1 and MT 2 from rabbit liver were best resolved using an acidic acetonitrile eluent and a phosphate buffer electrolyte at pH 7 . ( ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS ) . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P49286 and P48039	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Polyclonal antibodies that cross react with rodent metallothionein 1 ( MT 1 ) and metallothionein 2 ( MT 2 ) were microinjected in 1 cell and 2 cell mouse embryos , into either the cytoplasm or the nucleus . ^^^ The results suggest that metallothionein is not essential for normal mouse early preimplantational development , in agreement with recent studies in mice with inactivated MT 1 and MT 2 genes . . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P49286 and P48039	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
This result was coincident with that of reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction that metal induced MT 1 mRNA was only detected in the sis or the ras transformed cells , whereas any of these oncogenes did not affect the metal induced transcription of the MT 2 gene . ^^^ Thus , resistance to the chemotherapeutic agent by oncogenic transformation is partly associated with the metallothionein gene expression , and MT 1 and MT 2 gene expressions are differently controlled by different oncogenes . . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P49286 and P48039	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
MT 1 and MT 2 isoforms are found in the brain and in the peripheral tissues ; MT 3 isoform , possessing an additional seven amino acids , is expressed mostly in the brain and to a very minute extent in the intestine and pancreas ; whereas MT 4 isoform is found in tissues containing stratified squamous epithelial cells . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P49286 and P48039	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Human and mouse metallothionein 3 ( MT 3 ) molecules exhibit the same metal binding stoichiometry with Zn ( 2 ) , Cd ( 2 ) , or Cu ( 1 ) as MT 1 or MT 2 molecules , suggesting that MT 3 consists of two domains enfolding separate polymetallic clusters . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P49286 and P48039	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
To explore the expression of MT in somatic cells undergoing growth ( hypertrophy ) in the kidney in situ , we measured the rates of transcription of the genes for MT 1 and MT 2 , measured the levels of mRNA for MT 1 and MT 2 , and measured the concentration of MT 1 and MT 2 protein in samples of renal ( and hepatic ) tissue from uninephrectomized ( NPX ) and sham operated ( SO ) rats 15 days after surgery . ^^^ The rates of transcription of the genes for MT 1 and MT 2 were found to be enhanced significantly in the remnant renal mass , particularly in the cortex and outer stripe of the outer medulla , and in the liver , after uninephrectomy and after 15 days allowing for compensatory renal growth . ^^^ Increased accumulation of mRNA for MT 1 and MT 2 also occurred in the cortex and outer stripe of the outer medulla of the remnant kidney and in the liver in the NPX rats . ^^^ Increased concentration of MT 1 and MT 2 protein ( measured by radioimmunoassay ) , at the level of the whole kidney , renal cortex , and liver , was another feature detected in rats after uninephrectomy and 15 days of compensatory renal growth . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P49286 and P48039	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
MT gene expression was determined using a cDNA probe specific for MT 1 , oligonucleotide probes specific for MT 1 and MT 2 , and an assay for cadmium binding protein capacity . ^^^ Dose response analysis 24 hr after cadmium administration ( 0 . 25 to 40 mumol / kg , sc ) showed that MT 1 and MT 2 mRNA levels were increased in liver in a dose dependent manner , while no evidence was found for MT gene activation in ventral prostate . ^^^ In the dorsolateral prostate the high basal activity of the MT gene was shown , as assessed by MT 1 and MT 2 mRNA levels , which was not further elevated by cadmium treatments . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P49286 and P48039	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
MAbs MT 1 and MT 2 identified two different proteins ( H [ heavy ] and W [ weak ] ) , each with a molecular mass of 32 kDa , in Western blots ( immunoblots ) . ^^^ Treatment of the OMPs with proteolytic enzymes and sodium periodate indicated that the binding sites of MAbs MT 1 and MT 2 are of protein and glycoprotein natures , respectively . ^^^ In both the ELISA and the Western blot , MAb MT 1 recognized only type 1 isolates , whereas MAb MT 2 recognized both type 1 and 2 isolates . ^^^ Neither MAb MT 1 nor MAb MT 2 reacted with either reference strains of capsular serotypes A , B , E , and F or field isolates of capsular serotype A of P . multocida . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P49286 and P48039	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Previously we identified several complexes including Yi and E2F that at different times during G 0 to S transition bind to three distinct DNA sequences ( MT 1 , MT 2 , MT 3 ) located in the mouse thymidine kinase upstream promoter . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P49286 and P48039	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
However , in quantitative terms the order of expression was MT 1 > MT 3 > MT 2 . ^^^ The expression of MT 3 and MT 2 was about 70 and 50 % of that of MT 1 , respectively . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P49286 and P48039	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Therefore , the effect of several well known MT inducers , measured by radioimmunoassays using antibodies that cross react with MT 1 and MT 2 or specific for MT 1 and which do not cross react with human growth inhibitory factor ( GIF or MT 3 ) , has been studied in primary cultures of neurons or astrocytes obtained from rat cerebrum . ^^^ Immunocytochemical studies in adult rat brain preparations with a polyclonal antibody that cross reacts with MT 1 and MT 2 indicated that immunostaining was always nuclear in glial cells , whereas in neurons it was nuclear in the cerebral cortex , hippocampus and the granular layer of the cerebellum , and nuclear plus cytoplasmic in Purkinje cells in the cerebellum , hypothalamic nuclei and gigantocellular reticular nucleus in the brain stem . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P49286 and P48039	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
The MT 2 gene is located about 6 kb upstream of the MT 1 gene and their arrangement is similar to those of the mouse and rat MT genes . ^^^ The MT 1 and MT 2 genes were equally amplified 4 8 times in the Cd resistant Chinese hamster cells , suggesting that both genes are included in the same amplification unit . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P49286 and P48039	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Binding and stimulation of cAMP by the melanotropin peptides alpha MSH ( alpha melanocyte stimulating hormone ) and its superpotent analogues [ Nle 4 , DPhe 7 ] alpha MSH ( MT 1 ) and Ac [ Nle 4 , [ formula : see text ] alpha MSH 4 10 NH 2 ( MT 2 ) were undertaken to examine their respective properties on the human peripheral melanocyte melanocortin receptor , hMC1R . alpha MSH was found to possess a binding IC 50 value of 6 . 5 + / 0 . 9 10 10 ( 9 ) M and cAMP EC 50 value of 2 . 0 + / 0 . 6 10 10 ( 9 ) M . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P49286 and P48039	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
The MT 4 proteins are highly conserved in both species and have a glutamate insertion at position 5 relative to the classical MT 1 and MT 2 proteins . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P49286 and P48039	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
The charge different isoforms MT 1 and MT 2 from rats , rabbits and sheep were separated within 9 12 min . ^^^ In addition , a varying degree of heterogeneity was observed in purified samples of human MT 1 , rat MT 2 , rabbit MT 1 , rabbit MT 2 and sheep MT 1 . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P49286 and P48039	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Transcriptional activation of the mouse TK gene through the cell cycle is dependent upon previously characterized cis elements of the proximal promoter , called MT 1 , MT 2 , and MT 3 , that bind at least two different complexes : TKE during the transition of cells from quiescence ( G 0 ) to G 1 , and Yi later at the G1 / S boundary . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P49286 and P48039	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Comparison of the N terminal , Cd3S9 B type cluster of lobster MT 1 with the Cd3S9 cluster from rabbit MT 2 shows that while eight of the nine cysteine residues occupy homologous positions in their sequences , three of the 12 Cd thiolate connectivities are different . ^^^ Similarly , the C terminal B cluster of lobster MT 1 was compared with the Cd4S11 cluster of mammalian MT 2 , excluding the two terminal cysteine sulfhydryl groups that convert this cluster from A to B type . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P49286 and P48039	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
The genes represented by these cDNAs are referred to as MT 1 and MT 2 . ^^^ When expressed in an MT deficient ( cup 1 delta ) mutant of yeast , both MT 1 and MT 2 complemented the cup 1 delta mutation , providing a high level of resistance to CuSO 4 and moderate resistance to CdSO 4 . ^^^ Although the MT deficient yeast was not viable in the presence of either 300 microM CuSO 4 or 5 microM CdSO 4 , cells expressing MT 1 were able to grow in medium supplemented with 3 mM CuSO 4 and 10 microM CdSO 4 , and those expressing MT 2 grew in the presence of 3 mM CuSO 4 and 100 microM CdSO 4 . ^^^ We conclude that Arabidopsis MT 1 and MT 2 are functional homologs of yeast MT . . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P49286 and P48039	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Previously known HTLV 1 infected cell lines , MT 1 and MT 2 , were used as positive controls and HTLV 1 uninfected cell lines , Molt 4 , SBC 3 , ABC 1 , and EBC 1 , as negative controls . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P49286 and P48039	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
With a view to exploring its use as a metal binding factor in transgenic plants we prepared the alpha domain of metallothionein by reconstitution of rabbit apometallothionein and proteolysis of MT 1 and MT 2 with subtilisin . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P49286 and P48039	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
At pH 7 . 0 or 11 . 0 , RP HPLC of rabbit liver MT gave a single predominant peak of unresolved MT 1 and MT 2 . ^^^ Purified rabbit liver MT 1 and MT 2 were used to verify the identity of these peaks . ^^^ Purified chick liver MT and rat liver MT 1 and MT 2 gave a single predominant peak at all pH values on CZE . ^^^ In contrast , pig liver MT 1 and MT 2 each exhibited multiple peaks when subjected to CZE , the number of which depended on the pH used to separate the MT . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P49286 and P48039	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
The wild type ( wt ) and mt 1 mutant lacking three amino acids from N terminal bound to annexin 11 with phosphatidylserine and Ca2+ , whereas mt 2 , mt 3 and mt 4 with seven , twelve and eighteen amino acids deleted , respectively , did not bind to annexin 11 . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P49286 and P48039	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
MSE HPLC of [ 35S ] cysteine labelled HTC cell cytosol resulted in co eluting MT 1 and MT 2 isoforms ( tR 19 . 80 min ; Ve / Vo : 1 . 85 ) . ^^^ AE HPLC of 65Zn treated HTC cell cytosol yielded separated 65Zn MT 1 ( tR 11 . 5 min ; 1 = 64 mM ) and 65Zn MT 2 ( tR 14 . 5 min ; 1 = 104 mM ) . ^^^ RP HPLC of 64Cu treated HTC cytosol resulted in separated 64Cu MT 1 ( tR 26 . 4 min ) and 64Cu MT 2 ( tR 23 . 4 min ) . ^^^ Determination of the amino acid composition , apparent molecular mass and cysteine content of HTC MT 1 and MT 2 isoforms showed the characteristics of class 1 metallothioneins . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P49286 and P48039	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
By performing DNase 1 footprint analysis , we had identified three distinct protein binding sequences ( MT 1 , MT 2 , and MT 3 ) located on the mouse thymidine kinase ( TK ) upstream promoter ( Dou , Q . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P49286 and P48039	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
This MAb , which belonged to the IgG 1 kappa subclass , reacted with the cytosmears of HTLV 2 infected cell lines ( Si IIA , CR IIA 1 and AS IIA ) , but not with those of HTLV 1 infected cell lines ( MT 1 and MT 2 ) or other HTLV uninfected cell lines . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P49286 and P48039	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Furthermore , OA increased both hepatic MT 1 and MT 2 levels , as determined by high performance liquid chromatography / atomic absorption spectrophotometry . ^^^ OA is a hepatic MT inducer for both MT 1 and MT 2 isoforms , and this effect is due , at least in part , to an increased MT mRNA accumulation . . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P49286 and P48039	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Furthermore , alpha Hed increased both hepatic MT 1 and MT 2 levels . ^^^ In conclusion , alpha Hed decreases the hepatotoxicity of Cd by inducing MT , which binds Cd in the cytosol , and thus reduces the amount of Cd in the critical cellular organelles . alpha Hed is an effective inducer of both MT 1 and MT 2 in liver , and this effect is associated with an increase in MT mRNA . . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P49286 and P48039	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
DNA regions of 10 and 7 kb that flank the mouse metallothionein 2 ( MT 2 ) and MT 1 genes , respectively , were combined with a minimally marked MT 1 ( MT I * ) gene and tested in transgenic mice . ^^^ These data suggest that the DNA regions flanking the mouse MT 1 and MT 2 genes have functions like the locus control regions described for other genes . . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P49286 and P48039	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
The defective genomes of the p21X mRNA positive cell lines , MT 2 and H 582 , have a large deletion of the entire pol and parts of the gag and env regions including the common domain of the second exon of the doubly spliced tax / rex mRNA , while another defective genome of the p21X mRNA negative cell line , MT 1 , has a deletion within the gag pol gene . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P49286 and P48039	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
The relative quantities of the two metallothionein isoforms ( MT 1 and MT 2 ) in prenatal and newborn rat livers have been quantified using a competitive enzyme linked immunosorbent assay with two specific polyclonal antisera . ^^^ The level of MT 2 was higher ( 75 % ) than that of MT 1 in the liver of both prenatal and neonatal rats . ^^^ The level of MT 2 remained higher than that of MT 1 in all cases . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P49286 and P48039	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Mutations were targeted to each of three previously described protein binding domains ( MT 1 , MT 2 , and MT 3 ) upstream of the TK translation initiation site , as well as to sequences within the TK first exon in order to address each of the following three questions : ( a ) Do these sequences play any role in regulation . ( b ) Do all of these sites play the same role . and ( c ) If any controls are observed , do they act positively or negatively on gene expression . ^^^ In particular , mutagenesis of the Sp 1 site within MT 1 virtually eliminated promoter function , whereas mutations in either the MT 2 site or the TK first exon rendered reporter gene expression nearly constitutive with respect to serum . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P49286 and P48039	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Rat GIF cDNA also showed a striking homology to rat MT 1 and MT 2 ( 66 % and 62 % identities on amino acid sequences , respectively ) . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P49286 and P48039	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
The currently available antibodies for paraffin embedded sections ( lysozyme , elastase , leukocyte common antigen ( CD 45 ) , MT 1 ( CD 43 ) , Leu M 1 ( CD 15 ) , LN 2 ( CD 74 ) , MB 2 , MB 1 ( CD45RA ) , LN 1 ( w 75 ) , Mac 387 , L 26 ( CD 20 ) , UCHL 1 ( CDR 0 ) , MT 2 ( CD45RA ) , and KP 1 ( CD 68 ) ) and chloracetate esterase are not more helpful in diagnosis than are the histologic findings . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P49286 and P48039	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Expression of hepatic metallothionein isoform mRNAs suggested MT 1 responded to zinc and MT 2 responded to cytokines . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P49286 and P48039	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Two murine IgM monoclonal antibodies ( mAb ; MT 1 and MT 2 ) , which were produced against the secretory aspartic proteinase of Candida tropicalis DSM 4238 , are described . ^^^ Preliminary experiments suggested that mAb MT 1 may recognize a carbohydrate epitope , while MT 2 binds to an epitope consisting of the protein part of the enzyme . ^^^ ELISA with MT 1 or MT 2 as coating antibodies and a specific protein epitope recognizing mAb biotin conjugate was able to detect 4 ng ml 1 of antigen . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P49286 and P48039	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
The peptide chain weight of both MT 1 and MT 2 was found to be about 10 , 000 , as determined by high performance liquid chromatography . ^^^ The amino acid composition of hedgehog liver MT 1 and MT 2 resembles that of liver to MTs from rabbit and other species . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P49286 and P48039	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Overall , the structure of XIMT A is no similar in sequence to MT 1 than it is to MT 2 isoforms of various vertebrates . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P49286 and P48039	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Seedlings of 10 Arabidopsis ecotypes were compared with respect to copper tolerance , expression of two metallothionein genes ( MT 1 and MT 2 ) , and nonprotein thiol levels . ^^^ MT 1 was uniformly expressed in all treatments , and MT 2 was copper inducible in all 10 ecotypes . ^^^ MT 1 and MT 2 mRNA levels were compared with various growth parameters for the 10 ecotypes in the presence of 40 microM Cu2+ . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P49286 and P48039	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
The mutants were divided into two phenotypic classes : class A ( mut 1 and mut1a ) and class B ( mut 2 and mut2a ) . ^^^ Mutants of phenotype class B were able to attach to polystyrene but were unable to form multilayered cell clusters , had unchanged cell surface proteins and hydrophobicity , and were unable to form a biofilm on a glass surface , mut 1 and mut 2 could be complemented by wild type DNA fragments containing the Tn 917 insertion sites of mut 1 and mut 2 , respectively . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P49286 and P48039	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Variation in the degree of prolonged ( residual ) biological activity of the melanotropin peptides alpha MSH ( alpha melanocyte stimulating hormone , Ac Ser Tyr Met Glu His Phe Arg Trp Gly Lys Pro Val NH 2 ) and the superpotent analogues [ Nle 4 , DPhe 7 ] alpha MSH ( MT 1 ) and Ac [ Nle 4 , Asp 5 , DPhe 7 , Lys 10 ] alpha MSH ( 4 10 NH 2 ( MT 2 ) has stimulated considerable interest regarding this biological phenomena . ^^^ Interestingly , these studies revealed that alpha MSH remained 25 % bound , MT 1 65 % bound , and MT 2 86 % bound 6 h after the ligand had been removed from the assay medium . ^^^ The relative dissociation rate of MT 2 was 4 times slower than that for alpha MSH and 2 times slower than that for MT 1 , which was 2 times slower than that for alpha MSH . ^^^ These data suggest that slow dissociation kinetics ( hours ) may contribute to the prolonged biological activities observed for both MT 1 and MT 2 peptides in vitro and in vivo . ^^^ The prolonged binding , biological activities , and enzymatic stability of MT 1 and MT 2 make them putative candidates for clinical uses such as external scintigraphy for the localization of tumors ( i . e . , melanoma ) . . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P49286 and P48039	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Cadmium , Zn , and Dex stimulated increases in both MT 1 and MT 2 mRNA , with Dex producing the greatest effect ( 2 . 0 and 3 . 5 fold for MT 1 and 2 mRNA , respectively ) . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P49286 and P48039	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Human MT genes locate on chromosome 16 , and mainly three isoforms of MT ( MT 1 , MT 2 , MT 3 ) have been identified . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P49286 and P48039	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
MT 1 and MT 2 mRNA levels were determined by slot blot analysis followed by densitometry scanning , and MT was estimated by the Cd heme method . ^^^ TICs isolated from Cd treated rats accumulated more Cd ( 4 fold ) , and had higher levels of MT 1 ( 1 . 9 fold ) and MT 2 ( 1 . 4 fold ) mRNAs over control , but contained less MT ( 30 % decrease ) than TICs isolated from control animals . ^^^ Cd exposure substantially increased hepatic Cd content ( 6000 fold ) , MT ( 58 fold ) , and MT 1 mRNA ( 5 . 3 fold ) , but did not increase MT 2 mRNA . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P49286 and P48039	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
While two of these fractions ( LPII 1 and LPIII 4 ) were identified as the carboxyl terminal half ( alpha domain ) of rat MT 1 , LPI 2 and LPI 3 corresponded to the amino terminal half ( beta domain ) of rat MT 2 . ^^^ In contrast , neither the beta domain of rat MT 1 nor the alpha domain of rat MT 2 could be recovered . ^^^ The data may indicate that the two metal clusters of Zn MT 1 and Zn MT 2 differ in their stabilities resulting in differences in their susceptibility towards proteolytic degradation . . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P49286 and P48039	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Analysis of polyribosomal RNA showed that , after both Cd and Cu treatments , the recruitment of MT 1 mRNA into polyribosomes paralleled the increase in transcription , but the increase of polyribosomal MT 2 mRNA was less than that of total MT 2 mRNA . ^^^ This indicates that not all the MT 2 mRNA induced was translated , suggesting that there is translational control of MT 2 mRNA expression , but not of MT 1 mRNA . ^^^ This hypothesis was supported by the observation that , after Cu treatment , the induction of MT 1 protein was induced to the same extent as MT 1 mRNA , whereas the total MT protein ( MT 1 + MT 2 ) was increased far less ( 7 fold ) than MT 2 mRNA ( 30 fold ) . . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P49286 and P48039	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
To determine the function of MT in the presence of Atp7a deficiency , we crossed Mo brJ females with males that bear a targeted disruption of the Mt 1 and Mt 2 genes ( Mt / ) . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P49286 and P48039	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
To examine the importance of MT for these processes , mice with null alleles of both MT 1 and MT 2 genes were created and the zinc concentration and histological appearance of multiple organs assessed . ^^^ The results of these experiments suggest that MT 1 and MT 2 can protect against both zinc deficiency and zinc toxicity . . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P49286 and P48039	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
MT 3 and MT 4 mRNAs were absent from the visceral yolk sac , placenta , and fetal liver , tissues with high levels of MT 1 and MT 2 mRNAs . ^^^ Bacterial endotoxin lipopolysaccharide ( LPS ) and Zn are powerful inducers of MT 1 and MT 2 gene expression in many adult organs , whereas these agents apparently have little effect on MT 3 and MT 4 gene expression . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P49286 and P48039	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Mt 1 , Mt 2 , Mt 3 and Mt 4 fractions were isolated and reacted with rhodamine 123 . ^^^ An essential enzyme for beta oxidation , delta 3 , delta 2 enoyl CoA isomerase , was mainly expressed in Mt 1 of the control nuclear fraction , but not in Mt 1 , Mt 2 and Mt 4 in the clofibrate treated nuclear fraction . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P49286 and P48039	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Two MT isoforms , MT 1 and MT 2 , are expressed coordinately in all mammalian tissues . ^^^ In the CNS , MT 1 and MT 2 are conspicuously absent from neuronal populations , yet abundant in fibrous and protoplasmic astrocytes . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P49286 and P48039	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
One sequence was identical to that previously reported for human MT 2 and the other encoded a novel MT 1 isoform ( MT IR ) . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P49286 and P48039	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Standard immunoblotting procedures were unable to detect metallothioneins 1 and 2 ( MT 1 , MT 2 ) and metallothionein 3 ( MT 3 ) / growth inhibitory factor ( GIF ) in unfractionated brain homogenates . ^^^ Using commercial MT antibodies and a specific MT 3 polyclonal antibody raised in our laboratory , we have been able to detect all three MTs on both membrane types with a detection limit of approx . 10 ng for MT 1 and MT 2 . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P49286 and P48039	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
With the use of isoform specific oligonucleotide probes and Northern hybridization analysis , we demonstrated that a dramatic , rapid , and coordinate increase occurred in pulmonary MT 1 mRNA and MT 2 mRNA following Cd inhalation exposure . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P49286 and P48039	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
We have used free solution capillary electrophoresis ( FSCE ) to separate three distinct mouse metallothionein ( MT ) isoforms , MT 1 , MT 2 and MT 3 . ^^^ At neutral pH , each of the three isoform peaks were well resolved from a mixture with the order of migration ( MT 1 > MT 2 > MT 3 ) related to the net negative charge on the protein . ^^^ At acidic pH , the migration order was reversed with MT 3 migrating fastest , suggesting MT 3 had a higher net positive charge than MT 2 or MT 1 . ^^^ UV absorbance spectra ( 190 300 nm ) confirmed the presence of Zn in MT 1 and MT 2 . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P49286 and P48039	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
MT mRNA were probed on Northern blots with [ alpha 32P ] dCTP labeled synthetic cDNA probes specific for rat MT 1 and MT 2 mRNA . ^^^ The probes for MT 1 and MT 2 mRNA hybridize to a single mRNA with a size appropriate for MT , approximately 550 and 450 base pairs for MT 1 and MT 2 , respectively . ^^^ Expression of MT 1 and MT 2 mRNA in astrocyte monolayers exposed to 2 and 10 microM bismuth for 6 h was increased in a dose dependent manner over MT 1 and MT 2 mRNA levels in control cells . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P49286 and P48039	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
When brain extracts were fractionated in a Sephadex G 75 chromatography and MT levels were assayed by RIA or ELISA using polyclonal antibodies specific for the MT 1 and MT 2 isoforms , it was found that MT mostly eluted in the high molecular weight ( HMW ) peak even in reducing or anaerobic conditions . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P49286 and P48039	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
The electrophoresis was performed on MT 1 and MT 2 purified from mouse , rat , rabbit and human livers . ^^^ MT 1 and MT 2 separated more definitely with N 2 hydroxyethylpiperazine N ' 2 ethanesulfonic acid ( HEPES ) Tris buffer ( 25 mM , pH 7 . 4 ) than with N tris ( hydroxymethyl ) methyl 3 aminopropane sulfonic acid ( TAPS ) Tris buffer ( 25 mM , pH 7 . 7 ) or with N ( 2 acetamido ) iminodiacetic acid ( ADA ) Tris buffer ( 25 mM , pH 7 . 4 ) . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P49286 and P48039	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Since methylmercury ( MeHg ) preferentially accumulates in astrocytes , and MT 1 and MT 2 are astrocyte specific MT isoforms , we investigated the ability of MTs to attenuate MeHg induced cytotoxicity . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P49286 and P48039	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
The MT 2 isoform also decreased with time , but the rate of decrease was lower than that of the MT 1 isoform . ^^^ Zinc caused a slight decrease in the peak areas of MT 1 and MT 2 compared with cadmium , while addition of sodium did not decrease the areas . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P49286 and P48039	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Rabbit liver MT subjected to cIEF with a pH gradient of 3 10 gave a complex separation pattern with two prominent peaks ( pI values of 3 . 73 and 3 . 56 ) that were presumed to be the fully metal saturated MT 1 and MT 2 isoforms . ^^^ When individual MT isoforms ( MT 1 and MT 2 ) were separately subjected to cIEF with a pH gradient of 3 10 , heterogeneous peaks with higher pI values ( 4 . 12 4 . 74 ) were observed . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P49286 and P48039	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Gene families encoding two types of metallothioneins ( MTs ) MT 1 and MT 2 , have been identified in Arabidopsis thaliana , and their respective mRNAs have been shown to be regulated by copper in a tissue specific manner ( J . ^^^ MT 1 expression was constitutive in roots and inducible by copper in mature leaves ; the reverse pattern was observed for MT 2 . ^^^ The accumulation of the MT 1 and MT 2 encoded proteins thus parallels the regulation of their respective mRNAs with regard to tissue specificity and induction by copper . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P49286 and P48039	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
MT 1 , MT 2 , and Jurkat cells underwent apoptosis when cultured in the L cystine and GSH free medium within 18 to 24 h . ^^^ Dichlorofluorescin oxidation assay indicated that the apoptosis in MT 1 and MT 2 cells was preceded by an increase in the level of intracellular hydrogen peroxide ( H2O2 ) . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P49286 and P48039	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
The RNA expression patterns differed and this was most pronounced in roots , which contained high MT 1 but very low MT 2 RNA levels . ^^^ Like MT 2 , MT 1 transcript levels were not significantly affected by treatment with Cd , Cu , Fe and Zn , at least under the experimental conditions . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P49286 and P48039	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Three different membrane type MMPs ( MT MMPs ) , MT 1 , MT 2 , and MT 3 MMPs are thought to be activators of proMMP 2 in the tissues . ^^^ In the present study of human invasive breast carcinomas , we examined a correlation between the expression of MT 1 , MT 2 , and MT 3 MMPs , immunolocalization of MT 1 and MT 2 MMPs , and proMMP 2 activation . ^^^ Northern blot analysis demonstrated the predominant expression of MT 1 MMP mRNA in carcinoma tissues ( 20 of 20 cases ) , whereas MT 2 MMP was detected in only 25 % of the cases ( 5 of 20 cases ) , and no detectable expression of MT 3 MMP was observed . ^^^ The expression levels of MT 1 MMP but not MT 2 MMP correlated well with the presence of lymph node and distant metastases , clinical stages , and size of tumors . ^^^ An increase in the activation ratio of proMMP 2 correlated directly with the expression of MT 1 MMP but not MT 2 MMP , as measured by either Northern blot analysis or immunostaining . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P49286 and P48039	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Similarly , irradiation with the doses of 3 to 10 Gy resulted in an increase in the contents of both MT isoforms ( MT 1 and MT 2 ) in the bone marrow in 24 h . ^^^ Supposedly , it is associated with different degrees of the radiation induced inhibition of the MT 1 and MT 2 expression by cadmium ions . . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P49286 and P48039	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
A 146 bp PCR product was observed consistently in addition to the target 357 bp PCR product in mRNA from HTLV 1 infected cell lines , such as MT 1 , MT 2 , MT 4 and in PBMC isolated from ATL patients . ^^^ We identified a 45000 MW peptide generated from IL 2R alpha mRNA through this exon skip in cell lysate of MT 1 and MT 2 by Western blot analyses using an antibody raised against the peptides specific to an altered IL 2R alpha . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P49286 and P48039	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Three monoclonal antibodies ( MAbs ) designated MT 1 , MT 2 and MT 3 were produced against H and W proteins of P . multocida in BALB / c mice . ^^^ MAb MT 1 reacted with all serotype D 1 strains but not with D 2 strains , whereas MAb MT 2 reacted with both serotype D 1 and D 2 strains in dot ELISA and immunoblot assay . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P49286 and P48039	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
The two GREs , which are located approximately 1 kb upstream of the MT 2 gene and approximately 7 kb upstream of the MT 1 gene , are necessary for induction of both genes and can function independently of elements within the proximal promoter region of either gene . . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P49286 and P48039	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
MT 1 and MT 2 are expressed in many tissues , including the brain , whereas MT 3 is expressed mainly in the central nervous system . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P49286 and P48039	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Mice of mixed 129 / Ola and C57BL / 6J background with targeted disruption of MT 1 and MT 2 genes are more sensitive to toxic metals and oxidative stress . ^^^ Targeted disruption of MT 1 and MT 2 genes seems to induce moderate obesity , providing a new obese animal model . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P49286 and P48039	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
MT 1 levels were 2 to 4 times higher than those of MT 2 and both isoforms decreased from day 89 to day 136 of gestation . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P49286 and P48039	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
MT 1 and MT 2 are expressed coordinately in most organs , whereas MT 3 is expressed predominantly in a subset of neurons and MT 4 is expressed in certain stratified epithelia . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P49286 and P48039	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
To improve our understanding of the role of MT in epidermal hyperplasia , mice with null mutations in their MT 1 and MT 2 genes were used in this study . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P49286 and P48039	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
The mutants could be divided into two phenotypic classes : class A ( mut 1 and mut1a ) and class B ( mut 2 and mut2a ) . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P49286 and P48039	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
These peptides , named MUT 1 and MUT 2 , serve as CTL epitopes and can induce CTL activity in vivo . ^^^ Vaccination with synthetic MUT 1 or MUT 2 induces CTLs that efficiently lyse CMT 64 derived clones , protects mice from CMT 64 metastasis , and affords therapy of established CMT 64 metastases . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P49286 and P48039	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
The canine MT 3 had 2 insertions relative to known mammalian MT 1 and MT 2 : a threonine after the 4th amino acid and a block of 6 amino acids near the carboxyl terminus . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P49286 and P48039	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
To further study the functional significance of the above thymine residue in the branchpoint sequence , we introduced other nucleotides at this position , i . e . , LCAT Int 4 MUT 1 ( T > G ) and LCAT Int 4 MUT 2 ( T > A ) . ^^^ After stable transfection of the mutated pNUT LCAT minigenes into BHK cells , we could detect neither LCAT activity nor LCAT protein in the culture medium of the pNUT LCAT Int 4 MUT 1 and pNUT LCAT Int 4 MUT 2 cell lines , as was previously described for the natural mutation . ^^^ However , the sizes of these LCAT messengers indicated that intron 4 was retained in the pNUT LCAT Int 4 MUT 1 and pNUT LCAT Int 4 MUT 2 cell lines . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P49286 and P48039	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
To test this hypothesis , havcr 1 mutants lacking the N glycosylation motif at the first site ( mut 1 ) , second site ( mut 2 ) , and both ( mut 3 ) sites were constructed and transfected into dog cells . ^^^ Binding of MAb 190 / 4 and HAV to mut 1 and mut 3 cells was highly reduced , while binding to mut 2 cells was not affected and binding to dog cells expressing an havcr 1 construct containing a deletion of the Cys rich region ( d 1 cells ) was undetectable . ^^^ HAV infected cr 5 and mut 2 cells but not mut 1 , mut 3 , d 1 , and DR 2 cells developed the characteristic cytoplasmic granular fluorescence of HAV infected cells . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P49286 and P48039	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
The role of metallothionein ( MT ) in protecting the liver against paracetamol ( PCT ) toxicity was investigated in vivo and in vitro in mice lacking expression of MT 1 and MT 2 genes ( MT / ) . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P49286 and P48039	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Of the four known groups of metallothioneins ( MT ) , phylogenetic analyses place these pig isogenes in the MT 1 group , except two which are identified as being closely related to MT 2 , and none in groups 3 and 4 . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P49286 and P48039	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
The specimens were stored at either 4 degrees C or 80 degrees C for 1 and 3 days , and peak areas of MT 1 and MT 2 isoforms obtained by CZE were compared . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P49286 and P48039	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Reverse transcriptase mediated PCR has been used to isolate two distinct metallothionein ( MT ) cDNA species from RNA extracted from icefish liver , namely MT 1 and MT 2 . ^^^ Quantification of the MT 1 and MT 2 transcripts from normal and heavy metal treated fish showed an alteration in the ratio of the MT isoform transcripts . ^^^ Endogenous transcripts consisted mostly of MT 2 , whereas the MT 1 transcript was preferentially accumulated only in response to the cadmium salt . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P49286 and P48039	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
The levels of MT 1 and MT 2 were studied with respect to regulation of proliferative potential , cell cycle checkpoint activity , and oxidative stress in the rat PH model . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P49286 and P48039	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
GR 196429 had high affinity for human mt 1 ( pKi 9 . 9 ) and MT 2 ( pKi 9 . 8 ) receptors expressed in Chinese hamster ovary cells and for 2 [ 125I ] iodomelatonin binding sites in human cerebellum , guinea pig superior colliculus and hypothalamus and chicken retina and tectum ( pKi 8 . 8 9 . 5 ) . ^^^ In Chinese hamster ovary cells expressing human mt 1 or MT 2 receptors , both melatonin and GR 196429 dose dependently inhibited forskolin stimulated cAMP accumulation . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P49286 and P48039	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
MT 1 and MT 2 mRNA levels in astrocytes exposed to pH 6 . 5 or pH 6 . 0 were increased compared to controls ( pH 7 . 4 ) . ^^^ Treatment with DMSO in the presence and absence of acidosis , also increased MT 1 and MT 2 mRNA levels compared to controls ( pH 7 . 4 ) . ^^^ The DMSO induced increase in MT mRNA expression was reversed by treatment of astrocytes with quercetin , such that MT 1 and MT 2 mRNA levels in DMSO plus quercetin treated astrocytes were indistinguishable from mRNA levels in their respective controls at pH 7 . 4 , pH 6 . 5 , and pH 6 . 0 . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P49286 and P48039	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
The steady state expression of MT 1 mRNAs was higher than that of MT 2 mRNAs . ^^^ During incubation of the cells with various anticancer drugs , namely , adriamycin , epirubicin , cis diamminedichloroplatinum ( 2 ) ( CDDP ) , and cis diammine ( 1 , 1 cyclobutyldicarboxylato ) platinum ( 2 ) , both MT 1 and MT 2 mRNAs were coordinately inducible : the levels of isoMT mRNA reached a maxim of approximate by 6 fold at 3 h . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P49286 and P48039	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Although the MT 1 isoform was the major isoform of MT in this transgenic mouse , the other isoforms , MT 2 and MT 3 , were also present in the brain . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P49286 and P48039	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Microbore reversed phase HPLC with on line ion spray mass spectrometric detection is proposed for a study of polymorphism of rabbit liver metallothionein ( MTRL ) and its major isoforms MT 1 and MT 2 . ^^^ At the optimized conditions ( elution with the gradient 5 8 % of acetonitrile within 50 min using a 5 mM acetate buffer at pH 6 ) , the chromatogram of MTRL showed five peaks , whereas those of MT 1 and MT 2 showed nine and seven different peaks , respectively . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P49286 and P48039	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
From the nucleotide sequence of the Sry region obtained here , PCR primers , MT 1 and MT 2 , capable of amplifying a shorter Sry region were newly designed , and a microsatellite locus was used as a positive control . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P49286 and P48039	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
MT 1 and MT 2 are widely expressed isoforms , whereas MT 3 is mainly expressed in the central nervous system and is the only isoform that inhibits survival and neurite formation of rat cortical neurons in vitro . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P49286 and P48039	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Point mutations in the SRE like element , designated MUT 1 and MUT 2 , resulted in decreased binding of SREBP 1 ( MUT 1 ) or SREBP 1 and YY 1 ( MUT 2 ) . ^^^ MUT 1 and MUT 2 transgenic mice expressed CETP activity and mass in plasma . ^^^ In response to high fat , high cholesterol diets , both MUT 1 CETP and MUT 2 CETP transgenic mice displayed induction of plasma CETP activity similar to that observed in natural flanking region ( NFR ) CETP transgenic mice . ^^^ Moreover , in stably transfected adipocyte cell lines , MUT 1 and MUT 2 CETP promoter reporter genes showed significant induction of reporter activity in response to sterols . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P49286 and P48039	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Isolation and identification of metallothionein isoforms ( MT 1 and MT 2 ) in the rat testis . ^^^ In the present study , we demonstrate that the rat testis indeed expresses Cd binding proteins with sequences identical to those previously described for MT 1 and MT 2 , the major isoforms . ^^^ To confirm that MT 1 and MT 2 are present in the rat testis , we purified and isolated Cd binding proteins by homogenization using Cd containing buffer , followed by sequential purification using Sephadex G 75 gel filtration chromatography and anion HPLC column chromatography , which yielded Cd binding protein 1 ( Cd BP 1 ) and 2 ( Cd BP 2 ) . ^^^ After pyridylethylation , Cd BP 1 and Cd BP 2 were subjected to specific protein fragmentation by acids and endopeptidases , which revealed that these Cd binding proteins have the same primary structures as MT 1 and MT 2 respectively . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P49286 and P48039	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
In situ hybridization histochemistry with digoxigenin labeled oligonucleotide probes revealed for the first time the expression of mt 1 and MT 2 melatonin receptor mRNA within the suprachiasmatic nucleus of the C3H / HeN mouse . ^^^ Neither the selective MT 2 melatonin receptor antagonists 4P ADOT and 4P PDOT ( 90 microg / mouse , s . c . ) nor luzindole ( 300 microg / mouse , s . c . ) , which shows 25 fold higher affinity for the MT 2 than the mt 1 subtype , affected the phase of circadian activity rhythms when given alone at CT 10 . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P49286 and P48039	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
MT 1 and MT 2 are two widely expressed isoforms , while MT 3 and MT 4 ( isoforms recently discovered ) have a more restricted expression , normally in the brain and in the keratinizing epithelia , respectively . ^^^ Indeed , MT 3 ( or GIF ) was initially discovered as a protein with apparent neuromodulatory effects , which were not shared by the normal counterparts MT 1 and MT 2 . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P49286 and P48039	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
To investigate a possible involvement of metallothionein ( MT ) in chemical carcinogenesis , MT 1 and MT 2 gene deficient [ MT ( / ) ] transgenic mice and wild type [ MT ( + / + ) ] control mice were topically applied at a single dose of 100 , 250 , 500 , or 1000 microg of 7 , 12 dimethylbenz [ a ] anthracene ( DMBA ) on the dorsal skin and thereafter compared . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P49286 and P48039	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
We studied the molecular mechanism of induction of MT 1 and MT 2 in response to restraint stress using a mouse model system in which the animals were restrained in well ventilated polypropylene tubes for 12 h each day ( one cycle ) . ^^^ Here , we show that MT 1 and MT 2 mRNA levels were elevated as much as 10 20 fold after just one cycle of this simple stress . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P49286 and P48039	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Solutions of 0 . 15 mM of MT 1 and 0 . 3 mM of MT 2 were found to scavenge the 1 , 1 diphenyl 2 picrylhydrazyl radicals ( 1 . 30 10 10 ( 15 ) spins / ml ) completely . ^^^ Similarly , 0 . 3 mM of MT 1 scavenged almost 90 % of the superoxide ( 2 . 22 10 10 ( 15 ) spins / ml ) generated by the hypoxanthine and xanthine oxidase system , while a 0 . 3 mM MT 2 solution could only scavenge 40 % of it . ^^^ By using 2 , 2 , 6 , 6 tetramethyl 4 piperidone as a `` spin trap ' ' for the reactive oxygen species ( containing singlet oxygen , superoxide and hydroxyl radicals ) generated by photosensitized oxidation of riboflavin and measuring the relative signal intensities of the resulting stable nitroxide adduct , 2 , 2 , 6 , 6 tetramethyl 4 piperidine 1 oxyl , we observed that MT 2 ( 0 . 3 mM ) could scavenge 92 % , while MT 1 at 0 . 15 mM microl / ml concentrations could completely scavenge all the reactive species ( 2 . 15 10 10 ( 15 ) spins / ml ) generated . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P49286 and P48039	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
MATERIAL AND METHODS : The study included 15 subjects with signs and symptoms of temporomandibular disorders , 10 in the internal derangement type ( IDT ) 3 a group , and 5 in the myalgia type 1 ( MT 1 ) and myalgia type 2 ( MT 2 ) group . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P49286 and P48039	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
The potency and affinity of two series of melatonin receptor ligands were examined using the pigment aggregation response in a clonal line of Xenopus laevis melanophores and radioligand binding assays on native receptors in chicken brain , recombinant human mt 1 and MT 2 and Xenopus laevis mel1c receptor subtypes . ^^^ In binding assays , three of the five antagonists were MT 2 selective ; the most selective analogue ( N pentanoyl 2 benzyltryptamine , MT 2 pKi 8 . 03 ) having 89 and 229 fold higher affinity than at mt 1 or mel1c receptor subtypes . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P49286 and P48039	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Induction of the MT gene was assessed by the levels of MT 1 and MT 2 transcripts , MT protein content , and number of MT labeled alveolar and bronchiolar epithelial cells immediately after Cd exposure and 1 , 3 , and 5 days later . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P49286 and P48039	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Levels of MT 1 and MT 2 transcripts in the three major prostatic lobes , kidney , and testis were measured in untreated and cadmium ( Cd ) treated rats . ^^^ The dorsal prostate ( DP ) , lateral prostate ( LP ) , kidney , and testis expressed substantial levels of MT 1 and MT 2 mRNA while the ventral prostate ( VP ) had extremely low levels of the transcripts . ^^^ Cd treatment induced higher levels of MT 1 and / or MT 2 mRNA expression in all tissues studied with the exception of LP . ^^^ In the LP , Cd treatment caused reductions of MT 1 and MT 2 mRNA levels . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P49286 and P48039	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
The method was applied to the characterization of rabbit liver metallothioneins : rabbit liver MT ( purified by size exclusion chromatography only ) and MT 1 and MT 2 isoform fractions purified additionally by anion exchange chromatography . . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P49286 and P48039	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
We report the distinct cellular distribution in the human cerebellar cortex of the mammalian mt 1 ( Mel1a ) and MT 2 ( Mel1b ) ( 1 ) melatonin receptor subtypes . ^^^ We conclude that mt 1 and MT 2 melatonin receptors are heterogeneously expressed in human cerebellar cortex . . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P49286 and P48039	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
In the present study , the production levels of seven different MMPs ( MMP 1 , 2 , 3 , 7 , 8 , 9 , and 13 ) , the activation of the zymogen of MMP 2 ( proMMP 2 ) , the expression of membrane type MMPs ( MT 1 , MT 2 , and MT 3 MMPs ) , and the tissue localization of the activated enzyme were examined in human invasive papillary thyroid carcinomas . ^^^ Northern blot analysis of the expression of MT 1 , MT 2 , and MT 3 MMPs , which are known to activate proMMP 2 in vitro , demonstrated the predominant expression of MT 1 MMP mRNA in the carcinoma tissues ( 15 of 15 cases ) , whereas MT 2 MMP expression was confined to 26 % of the cases ( 4 of 15 cases ) , and no consistent expression of MT 3 MMP was observed . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P49286 and P48039	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Three different membrane type matrix metalloproteinases ( MT 1 , MT 2 , and MT 3 MMPs ) are known to activate in vitro the zymogen of MMP 2 ( pro MMP 2 , progelatinase A ) , which is one of the key MMPs in invasion and metastasis of various cancers . ^^^ In the present study , we have examined production and activation of pro MMP 2 , expression of MT 1 , MT 2 , and MT 3 MMPs and their correlation with pro MMP 2 activation , and localization of MMP 2 , MT 1 MMP , and MT 2 MMP in human astrocytic tumors . ^^^ The quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction analyses demonstrate that MT 1 MMP and MT 2 MMP are expressed predominantly in glioblastoma tissues ( 17 / 17 and 12 / 17 cases , respectively ) , and their expression levels increase significantly as tumor grade increases . ^^^ MT 3 MMP is detectable in both astrocytic tumor and normal brain tissues , but the mean expression level is approximately 50 fold lower compared with that of MT 1 MMP and MT 2 MMP in the glioblastomas . ^^^ The activation ratio of pro MMP 2 correlates directly with the expression levels of MT 1 MMP and MT 2 MMP but not MT 3 MMP . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P49286 and P48039	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
NIH3T3 fibroblast cells transfected with the full length coding regions of the mt 1 and MT 2 human melatonin receptors stably expressed the receptor , coupled to a pertussis toxin sensitive G protein and exhibiting high affinity for melatonin . ^^^ Both mt 1 and MT 2 melatonin receptors mediated the incorporation of [ 35S ] GTPgammaS into isolated membranes via receptor catalyzed exchange of [ 35S ] GTPgammaS for GDP . ^^^ Two other mt 1 antagonists , 4P PDOT and N [ ( 2 phenyl 1H indol 3 yl ) ethyl ] cyclobutanecarboxamide , behaved as partial agonists at the MT 2 subtype , with relative intrinsic activities of 0 . 37 and 0 . 39 , respectively . ^^^ For the first time , these findings show important differences in analogue intrinsic activity between the human mt 1 and MT 2 melatonin receptor subtypes . . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P49286 and P48039	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
The mutations were a CCAAT box ( MUT 1 ) point mutation , a 6 base pair ( bp ) deletion ( MUT 2 ) 3 ' of the CCAAT box , and a 153 bp deletion ( MUT 3 ) in the preS 2 genome . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P49286 and P48039	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Immunocytochemical detection of metallothionein ( MT 1 and MT 2 ) in copper enhanced sheep brains . ^^^ Brains from TTM treated , Cu poisoned sheep were examined for MT immunolabelling with a mouse monoclonal antibody ( E 9 ) for MT 1 and MT 2 , and compared with brains from untreated sheep . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P49286 and P48039	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
In addition to the usual two rat metallothionein ( MT ) isoforms ( MT 1 and MT 2 ) , a third isoform of metallothionein ( MT 2 ) is known to be induced by zinc in the liver of rats and mice , and by epidermal growth factors in cultured cells . ^^^ Chromatographic properties of MT 2 ' were consistent with this species being an unacetylated isoform of MT 2 arising as a result on lack of acetylation rather than a post translational deacetylation event ( i . e . , an isoform of MT 2 not co translationally acetylated , based on the change in its composition relative to MT 2 and MT 1 after induction of MT expression ) . ^^^ This suggested that non acetylated isoforms of both MT 1 and MT 2 were present . . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P49286 and P48039	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
This suggestion is supported by the finding that GR 128107 , like melatonin , acted as a full agonist and inhibited forskolin stimulation of cyclic AMP accumulation in NIH 3T3 cells expressing a high density of human mt 1 or MT 2 receptors . . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P49286 and P48039	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
At least three types of binding sites have been described for melatonin : the G coupled , seven transmembrane domain receptors mt 1 and MT 2 and a putative binding site called MT 3 . ^^^ This profile was compared to the pharmacology obtained on human cloned mt 1 and MT 2 receptors and proved to be completely different , as expected . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P49286 and P48039	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Analyses also revealed that notothenioid MTs can be divided into at least two groups of paralogy , MT 1 and MT 2 . ^^^ In addition , an instance of gene conversion was observed between MT 1 and MT 2 genes in Notothenia coriiceps . ^^^ Analyses of the 5 ' UTR , combined with quantitative assay of differential expression of MT 1 and MT 2 , indicate that only the 3 ' UTR underwent a gene conversion event in the mentioned species . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P49286 and P48039	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
IIK 7 is a potent melatonin receptor agonist in the melanophore model , and in NIH3T3 cells expressing human mt 1 and MT 2 receptor subtypes . ^^^ A low concentration ( 10 ( 9 ) M ) antagonizes melatonin inhibition of forskolin stimulation of cyclic AMP in NIH3T3 cells expressing human MT 2 receptors , but has no effect in cells expressing mt 1 receptors . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P49286 and P48039	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Three mutants of the pre S region a point mutation in the CCAAT box ( MUT 1 ) , a 6 bp deletion ( MUT 2 ) 3 ' of the CCAAT box , and a 153 bp deletion ( MUT 3 ) in the preS 2 domain were cloned alone or in combinations in replication competent HBV plasmids and transfected in hepatoma cells . ^^^ The S promoter mutations MUT 1 and MUT 2 correlated with viral retention . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P49286 and P48039	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Target genes include metallothioneins ( MT 1 and MT 2 ) and gamma glutamylcysteine synthetase ( gamma GCS ) , an enzyme involved in glutathione biosynthesis . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P49286 and P48039	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
In this study reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction ( RT PCR ) has been used to identify mt 1 and MT 2 receptor mRNA expression in the rat tail artery . ^^^ At concentrations non selective for mt 1 and MT 2 receptors . 4 P PDOT ( 3 microM ) and 2 benzyl N pentanoyltryptamine ( 5 microM ) caused a significant rightward displacement of the vasoconstrictor effect of melatonin . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P49286 and P48039	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Despite its approximately 70 % amino acid sequence identity with those of mammalian metallothioneins ( MT 1 and MT 2 isoforms ) , only GIF exhibits growth inhibitory activity . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P49286 and P48039	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Ligand efficacy and potency at recombinant human MT 2 melatonin receptors : evidence for agonist activity of some mt 1 antagonists . ^^^ The order of apparent affinity for selected compounds was : 4 phenyl 2 propionamidotetralin ( 4P PDOT ) > 2 phenylmelatonin > 2 iodomelatonin > 2 bromomelatonin > 6 chloromelatonin > or = melatonin > luzindole > N acetyl tryptamine > or = N [ ( 2 phenyl 1H indol 3 yl ) ethyl ] cyclobutanecarboxamide ( compound 6 ) > N acetylserotonin . 4P PDOT exhibited a very high selectivity ( approximately 22 , 000 times ) for the MT 2 receptor with respect to the mt 1 receptor subtype , as tested in comparative experiments with membrane preparations from NIH3T3 cells stably transfected with the human mt 1 receptor . ^^^ The other two mt 1 antagonists used here , 4P PDOT and N [ ( 2 phenyl 1H indol 3 yl ) ethyl ] cyclobutanecarboxamide , behaved as partial agonists at the MT 2 subtype , with relative intrinsic activities of 0 . 37 and 0 . 39 , respectively . ^^^ These findings show , for the first time , important differences in the intrinsic activity of analogues between the human mt 1 and MT 2 melatonin receptor subtypes . . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P49286 and P48039	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Cerebral arterioles were exposed to two doses of melatonin ( 3x10 9 and 3x10 8 M ) in the absence and presence of the mt 1 and / or MT 2 receptor antagonist , luzindole ( 2x10 6 M ) and the Ca2+ activated K+ ( BKCa ) channel blocker , tetraethylammonium ( TEA+ , 10 ( 4 ) M ) . ^^^ This vasoconstrictor effect is mediated by inhibition of BKCa channels following activation of mt 1 and / or MT 2 receptors . . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P49286 and P48039	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
The function of metallothionein in zinc homeostasis was examined by using mice homozygous for knockout ( KO ) of the metallothionein 1 or 2 ( MT 1 and MT 2 ) genes . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P49286 and P48039	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
The experimental groups were treated with MT for 1 , 2 , 3 and 4 times ( abbreviated as MT 1 , MT 2 , MT 3 , MT 4 , respectively ) . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P49286 and P48039	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
We found that IL 1alpha , IL 1beta and IL 6 increased both metallothionein 1 ( MT 1 ) and metallothionein 2 ( MT 2 ) mRNA in HepG 2 cells . ^^^ The time and pattern of induction was different , both IL 1alpha and IL 1beta inducing two peaks of MT 1 and MT 2 , with that of MT 2 being much larger . ^^^ IL 6 induced only low levels of both MT 1 and MT 2 mRNA . ^^^ Copper administration gave rise to substantially increased MT 1 mRNA , a slightly lower increase in MT 2 and also a significant increase in CP mRNA with similar kinetics . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P49286 and P48039	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Northern blots using a full length hamster MT 2 cDNA probe that recognizes both MT 1 and MT 2 RNA showed that the steady state level of MT mRNA was elevated at least 10 fold in FA 3 cells and in two other selected clones , FA 7 and FA 14 , as well . ^^^ Southern blot analysis of HindIII digested genomic DNA indicated that amplification of neither the MT 1 nor MT 2 gene had occurred , and measurements of MT mRNA decay rates in the presence of actinomycin D suggested that no changes in its half life had taken place . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P49286 and P48039	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Antagonistic effects of S 22153 , a new mt 1 and MT 2 receptor ligand , on the neophobia reducing properties of melatonin in BALB / c mice . ^^^ Because melatonin was found to significantly reduce neophobia in BALB / c mice , it seemed interesting to examine potential antagonistic effects of S 22153 , a new melatonin mt 1 and MT 2 receptor ligand , on the neophobia reducing properties of melatonin in BALB / c mice confronted with the free exploratory paradigm . ^^^ These results suggest that the anxiolytic like effects of melatonin on the neophobic responses in BALB / c mice are mediated by mt 1 and / or MT 2 receptors . . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P49286 and P48039	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
When MT isoforms were evaluated , MT 2 levels were elevated to the highest extent by 12 h after surgery , whereas MT 1 levels started to decrease after 3 h postsurgery but then increased by 20 h . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P49286 and P48039	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
In contrast to the other three MT MMPs ( MT 1 , MT 2 , and MT 3 MMP ) , the catalytic domain of MT 4 MMP does not activate progelatinase A , nor does it hydrolyze one of the offered extracellular matrix ( ECM ) proteins , such as collagen types 1 , 2 , 3 , 4 , and 5 , gelatin , fibronectin , laminin or decorin . ^^^ TIMP 1 , a poor inhibitor of MT 1 , MT 2 and MT 3 MMP , suppresses MT 4 MMP activity effectively . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P49286 and P48039	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
The levels of metallothionein 1 and 2 ( MT 1 and MT 2 ) mRNAs were elevated ( 10 to 12 fold ) , specifically in the livers of mice with homozygous deletion of the gene for Cu , Zn SOD ( Sod 1 / ) , the enzyme that catalyzes the removal of O ( ) ( 2 ) . ^^^ Because metallothioneins are potent scavengers of reactive oxygen species and protect cells from oxidative stress , the apparent normal characteristics of the mice with the disrupted Cu , Zn SOD gene are probably due to overexpression of MT 1 and MT 2 in the livers of these animals . . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P49286 and P48039	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
After injecting oocytes with mixtures of cDNAs encoding mut 1 and mut 2 subunits , the expressed hybrid receptors were activated by strychnine , similar to the mut 2 , and had a high affinity to AcCho like the mut 1 . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P49286 and P48039	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Among the five membrane type matrix metalloproteinases ( MT MMPs ) , MT 1 , MT 2 , MT 3 , and MT 5 MMPs have about a 20 amino acid cytoplasmic tail following the transmembrane domain . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P49286 and P48039	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Northern blot analysis was done on total cellular RNA isolated from each of the four epididymal segments ( initial segment [ IS ] , caput [ CT ] , corpus [ CS ] , and cauda [ CA ] epididymidis ) using a cDNA probe for MT 1 and MT 2 . ^^^ In the initial segment of the epididymis , MT 1 mRNA levels were significantly increased only at the 50 microg / kg / day dose , whereas there were no significant differences in MT 2 mRNA levels . ^^^ In the corpus epididymidis , MeHg did not alter MT 1 mRNA levels , and MT 2 was higher only in the 50 microg / kg / day group . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P49286 and P48039	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
The sera obtained reacted specifically against recombinant zinc and cadmium saturated rMT 3 , and did not cross react with native rat MT 1 and MT 2 purified from the liver of zinc injected rats . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P49286 and P48039	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
The expression of mt 1 and MT 2 receptor mRNA in HG cells and the reported presence of melatonin in human follicular fluid indicate a potentially important role for this hormone in regulating human ovarian and reproductive function . . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P49286 and P48039	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
The catalytic efficiency for Rz 1 2 on rat MT 1 was found to be 678 M ( 1 ) s ( 1 ) and that for Rz 4 9 on rat MT 2 cRNA was found to be 372 M ( 1 ) s ( 1 ) . ^^^ Two stable transfected lines , NbE 1 ( Rz 2 ) and NbE 1 ( Rz 3 ) , expressing substantial levels of ( Rz 1 2 / Rz4 9 ) and minimal levels of MT 1 and MT 2 transcripts were found to exhibit increased sensitivity to cadmium ( Cd ) induced cytotoxicity compared to the parent line . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P49286 and P48039	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Similar to the mammalian MT 2 isoforms , the homologous primary structure of MT 1 suggested two separate domains , each containing one metal cluster . ^^^ Structural comparison with rat liver MT 2 showed high similarity , with the beta domain structure in mouse MT 1 showing evidence of increased flexibility compared to the same domain in MT 2 . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P49286 and P48039	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Foreign metallothionein 1 expression by transient transfection in MT 1 and MT 2 null astrocytes confers increased protection against acute methylmercury cytotoxicity . ^^^ Accordingly , in the present study , MT null astrocytes isolated from transgenic mice deficient in MT 1 and MT 2 genes were introduced as a zero background model of MT expression . ^^^ MT proteins in MT 1 and MT 2 null astrocytes were undetectable . ^^^ Transient MT 1 gene transfection increased the levels of foreign MT expression in MT 1 and MT 2 null astrocytes by 2 . 3 fold above basal levels in wild type astrocytes . ^^^ In MT 1 and MT 2 knockout astrocytes MeHg led to significant ( p < 0 . 01 ) increase in Na ( 2 ) 51CrO ( 4 ) efflux and a significant ( p < 0 . 05 ) decrease in the initial rate ( 1 min ) of D [ 2 , 3 3H ] aspartate uptake compared to MT 1 and MT 2 knockout controls . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P49286 and P48039	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Partial sequence data for m 1 toxin3 showed aspartate 7 and m 1 toxin4 showed isoleucine 12 , asparagine 16 and alanine 19 . m 1 Toxins1 4 have seven conserved amino acids not found in homologous mamba toxins that bind to other muscarinic receptors ( MT 1 , MT 2 , m 4 toxin = MT 3 , MT 4 , MT 5 , MTalpha and MTbeta ) . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P49286 and P48039	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Purified MT 1 and MT 2 isoforms were completely separated by CZE using a polyacrylamide coated tube at physiologic pH . ^^^ There were two peaks in the cytosol fraction prepared from zinc injected mouse liver , in which the migration times corresponded with those of purified MT 1 and MT 2 isoforms . ^^^ When anti MT monoclonal antibody was added with the purified MT 1 or MT 2 solution , the peaks decreased . ^^^ Therefore , those peaks were identified as MT 1 and MT 2 isoforms , respectively . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P49286 and P48039	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
We studied the action of the muscarinic toxins MT 1 , MT 2 and MT 3 , from the venom of the snake Dendroaspis angusticeps , on muscarinic receptors , by using the classical muscarinic radioligand 3H NMS as reporter of the inhibition of its own binding , to either native or cloned receptors . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P49286 and P48039	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Mice with null mutations for metallothionein genes MT 1 and MT 2 were used to study the role that metallothionein plays in protecting cellular targets in vivo from oxidative stress . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P49286 and P48039	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Using ligands with IC 50 from the micro to the picomolar range , mixed with increasingly complex mixtures of 5 to 20 or 25 inactive compounds , we analyzed the displacements from the mt 1 and MT 2 melatonin receptor subtypes of the radioligand 2 iodomelatonin ( KD= 25 pmol / l and 200 pmol / l , respectively ) . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P49286 and P48039	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
In adult wild type mouse spinal cord , expression of MT 1 and MT 2 is restricted to ependymal cells and a subset of astrocytes located in white matter tracts , while MT 3 synthesis is limited to neurons within gray matter . ^^^ Compared to wild type littermates , transgenic mice carrying the G93A SOD 1 mutation demonstrate markedly increased expression of MT 1 and MT 2 within astrocytes in both white and gray matter as weakness develops . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P49286 and P48039	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
In addition , we were able to separate completely MT 1 and MT 2 isoforms in cytosol fractions of tissues using a capillary zone electrophoresis system at neutral pH without any detergents . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P49286 and P48039	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Immunohistochemical staining of randomly selected , formalin fixed and paraffin embedded normal and malignant nasopharyngeal tissues were analysed for the expression of MT using the commercially available E 9 antibody directed against MT 1 and MT 2 isoforms . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P49286 and P48039	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
In this study , the effects of melatonin exposure on cell proliferation and transformation were assessed in NIH3T3 cells transfected with either the human mt ( 1 ) ( NIH mt 1 ) or MT ( 2 ) ( NIH MT 2 ) melatonin receptors . ^^^ In both NIH mt 1 and NIH MT 2 cells , melatonin pretreatment decreased cell proliferation and transformation . ^^^ However , as revealed by the [ ( 3 ) H ] thymidine uptake assays , an increase in DNA synthesis occurred in NIH mt 1 cells , whereas no increase occurred in the NIH MT 2 or NIH neo cells . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P49286 and P48039	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
To test the hypothesis that MT participates in gastroduodenal cytoprotection , we studied sensitivity to gastroduodenal mucosal injury caused by ethanol in MT null mice that have null mutations in MT 1 and MT 2 genes . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P49286 and P48039	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Four MT isoforms have been found so far , MT 1 , MT 2 , MT 3 , and MT 4 , but these also have subtypes with 17 MT genes identified in man , of which 10 are known to be functional . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P49286 and P48039	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Characterization of renal MTs of striped dolphin has shown that the protein has two isoforms ( MT 1 and MT 2 ) with a molecular weight estimated around 6 , 800 . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P49286 and P48039	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Leptin treatment of leptin deficient ob / ob mice increased the STAT 3 , SOCS 3 , MT 2 and Fnk mRNA , and MT 1 protein levels in liver , whereas , in jejunum , expression of PAP 1 mRNA was down regulated . ^^^ These findings may help to explain the obese phenotype observed in some colonies of MT 1 and MT 2 null mice and / or the observation that leptin protects against tumour necrosis factor toxicity in vivo . . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P49286 and P48039	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
We report the effects of melatonin on the cellular morphology of Chinese hamster ovary ( CHO ) cells transformed to express the human melatonin receptors , mt 1 and MT 2 . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P49286 and P48039	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
By contrast , the membrane anchored metalloproteinases , membrane type 1 MMP , membrane type 2 MMP , and membrane type 3 MMP ( MT 1 , MT 2 , and MT 3 MMP ) each modified the morphogenic program . ^^^ Of the three MT MMPs tested , only MT 1 MMP and MT 2 MMP were able to directly confer invasion incompetent cells with the ability to penetrate type 1 collagen matrices . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P49286 and P48039	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
METHODS : Polymerase chain reaction ( PCR ) with specific primers was performed to analyze the presence of MT 1 , MT 2 , MT 3 , and MT 4 MMP in synovial tissue and synovial fibroblasts from 10 patients with RA and 4 subjects without arthritis . ^^^ RESULTS : Reverse transcription PCR revealed the expression of MT 1 , MT 2 , MT 3 , and MT 4 MMP mRNA in all tissues and cell cultures examined . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P49286 and P48039	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
This study explores the effects of hypoxia preconditioning on expression of MT 1 , MT 2 and HO 1 before and after kainic acid induced seizures . ^^^ Analysis of MT 1 , MT 2 and HO 1 expression , through Western and Northern blotting , indicates that there is a variable pattern of induction and suppression of these two genes following hypoxia preconditioning alone as well as after kainic acid induced seizures compared to non preconditioned animals . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P49286 and P48039	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Moreover , antibodies formed against MT isoform retain some , but not all , free radical scavenging actions exhibited by MT 1 and MT 2 . . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P49286 and P48039	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Anxiolytic like properties of melatonin receptor agonists in mice : involvement of mt 1 and / or MT 2 receptors in the regulation of emotional responsiveness . ^^^ These results suggest that the anxiolytic properties of melatonin could involve the activation of mt 1 and / or MT 2 receptors rather than of the MT 3 binding site . . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P49286 and P48039	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
The peaks of MT 1 and MT 2 isoforms disappeared on addition of EDTA to the specimen , and the disappearance was shown to be time dependent and dose dependent , although the reason why the peaks decreased is still unclear . ^^^ Two major peaks were identified to be MT 1 and MT 2 , respectively , by co injection with the purified MT isoforms . ^^^ When EDTA was added to the cytosol fraction , the two major peaks , MT 1 and MT 2 , and three other minor peaks disappeared time dependently . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P49286 and P48039	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
METHODS : The relationship between the induction of metallothionein isoforms 1 and 2 ( MT 1 and MT 2 ) in response to diet induced lipid peroxidation using a rat model system in which lipid peroxidation was examined in vivo by chronic vitamin E inadequacy or by administration of lipid peroxidation products from a thermally treated polyenoicrich oil with either basal ( dietary zinc concentration : 48 mg / kg ; experiment 1 ) or Zn stimulated MT levels ( dietary zinc concentration : 305 mg / kg ; experiment 2 ) was studied . ^^^ In groups , receiving normal amounts of zinc , there was a significant interaction between the dietary treatments on the levels of MT 1 and MT 2 in liver . ^^^ Chronic vitamin E inadequacy which was accompanied by diminished tocopherol levels in liver induced the synthesis of MT 1 and MT 2 . ^^^ When vitamin E inadequacy was combined with the ingestion of a thermally treated polyenoic acid rich oil hepatic levels of MT 1 and MT 2 remained low . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P49286 and P48039	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Suppression of oxidant induced apoptosis is due , in part , to up regulation in the gene expression of several resistance factors including metallothioneins ( MT 1 and MT 2 ) , glutathione S transferases ( GST alpha and GST pi ) , and gamma glutamylcysteine synthetase catalytic subunit ( gamma GCS ) . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P49286 and P48039	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Mice lacking MT 1 and MT 2 ( MT 1 + 2 deficient ) because of targeted gene inactivation were injected with kainic acid ( KA ) , a potent convulsive agent , to examine the neurobiological importance of these MT isoforms . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P49286 and P48039	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Synthesis of a small library of phenylalkylamide derivatives as melatoninergic ligands for human mt 1 and MT 2 receptors . ^^^ The compound mixtures were evaluated on chicken brain melatonin and recombinant human mt 1 and MT 2 receptors . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P49286 and P48039	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Production and characterization of antibodies directed against the human melatonin receptors Mel 1a ( mt 1 ) and Mel 1b ( MT 2 ) . ^^^ We report the production of polyclonal antibodies directed against the human melatonin receptors Mel 1a ( mt 1 ) and Mel 1b ( MT 2 ) by means of antigenic synthetic peptides with sequences unique to these proteins . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P49286 and P48039	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Drinking of melatonin promoted the adaptation to advanced LD in SAMR 1 but not in SAMP 8 , although both strains exhibited melatonin MT 1 and MT 2 receptors . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P49286 and P48039	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
This method is capable of measuring levels of 2 . 0 microg / g liver for metallothionein 1 ( MT 1 ) and 1 . 3 microg / g liver for metallothionein 2 ( MT 2 ) , respectively , with a high recovery of 103 % on average . ^^^ The ratio of MT 1 to MT 2 was found to be 1 : 1 on average . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P49286 and P48039	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Because MT null mice did not express MT 1 or MT 2 isoforms , the total brain MT content in these mice represented the isoform MT 3 only . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P49286 and P48039	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Considerable advances have been made in the identification of the cis acting elements that are involved in the constitutive and induced expression of MT 1 and MT 2 . ^^^ Studies on the epigenetic silencing of MT 1 and MT 2 by promoter hypermethylation in some cancer cells have posed interesting questions concerning the functional relevance of MT gene silencing , the molecular mechanisms of MT suppression in these cells , particularly chromatin modifications , and the characteristics of the repressors . . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P49286 and P48039	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Gene expression of MT 2 receptor , but not that of mt 1 receptor , was detected in JEG 3 cells by reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction ( RT PCR ) . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P49286 and P48039	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
A new melatonin receptor ligand with mt 1 agonist and MT 2 antagonist properties . ^^^ It has been difficult , so far , to obtain melatonin analogs possessing high selectivity for the respective melatonin receptors , mt 1 and MT 2 . ^^^ To assess the activity of the compound , the following tests were performed : affinity determination for the high and low affinity receptor states ( 2 [ 125I ] iodomelatonin binding ) , potency and intrinsic activity in inducing G protein activation ( [ 35S ] GTPgammaS binding assay ) . 5 HEAT showed little selectivity for the mt 1 receptor , with pKi values of 7 . 77 for mt 1 and 7 . 12 for the MT 2 receptors , respectively . 5 HEAT was able to differentiate between the high and the low affinity receptor states in the mt 1 but not in the MT 2 receptor . 5 HEAT induced a high level of G protein activation when acting through the mt 1 receptor , with a relative intrinsic activity of 0 . 92 . ^^^ In conclusion , it appears that 5 HEAT possesses very different efficacies at the two melatonin receptors , behaving as a full melatonin receptor agonist at the mt 1 and as an antagonist / weak partial agonist at the MT 2 receptor . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P49286 and P48039	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Separation of adipocytes from the stromal vascular fraction of WAT indicated that the MT gene ( MT 1 and MT 2 ) was expressed in adipocytes themselves . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P49286 and P48039	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Among the antagonists for putative melatonin receptors studied , neither luzindole ( melatonin MT 1 and MT 2 receptor antagonist ) nor prazosin ( melatonin MT 3 receptor antagonist ) antagonized the melatonin reversal of morphine tolerance and dependence . 1 ( 2 Chlorophenyl ) N methyl N ( 1 methylpropyl ) 3 isoquinolinecarboxam ide ( PK 11195 ) , a peripheral but not central benzodiazepine receptor antagonist , flumazenil , partially antagonized the melatonin reversal of naloxone precipitated withdrawal jumping in morphine dependent mice , but had no effect on the reversal of morphine tolerance induced by melatonin . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P49286 and P48039	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
In separate experiments , we used lung fibroblasts derived from MT 1 , MT 2 knockout mice ( MT ( ) ( / ) ( ) ) and MT wild type ( MT ( + / + ) ) mice . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P49286 and P48039	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Both MT 1 and MT 2 genes are expressed in various organs and they are inducible by a variety of metals , hormones , cytokines and xenobiotics . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P49286 and P48039	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Molecular mechanics calculations suggest that changes of even a single amino acid in lobster Cd 3 beta N toward lobster Cd 3 beta C > N or in mammalian MT 1 or MT 2 toward Cd 3 beta MT 3 ( GIF ) can destabilize their structures . . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P49286 and P48039	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
The objectives of this study were to determine which epididymal cells express MTs , how they are regulated , and whether mRNA levels for 3 MT isoforms ( MT 1 , MT 2 , and MT 3 ) are modulated by heavy metals . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P49286 and P48039	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
The change in MT 2 was greater relative to the change in MT 1 in the brown cell acute response to 0 . 5 ppm Cd2+ , whereas the change in MT 1 was greater relative to the change in MT 2 in the acute response to 1 . 0 ppm Cd2+ . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P49286 and P48039	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
After 10 mM Cd treatment , induction of MT 1 and MT 2 mRNA was three and twofold higher , respectively , in daf 2 mutant worms than in wild type . ^^^ Cu did not induce MT 1 or MT 2 mRNAs . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P49286 and P48039	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
The expression of rat uterine endometrial melatonin receptor subtypes was studied by reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction ( RT PCR ) using mt 1 and MT 2 receptor gene specific primers . mt 1 receptor cDNA was amplified and confirmed by nucleotide sequencing . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P49286 and P48039	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
The adenosine A ( 1 ) , complement C5a , dopamine D ( 1 ) , D ( 2 ) and D ( 5 ) , formyl peptide , luteinizing hormone , secretin , and the three subtypes of melatonin ( mt 1 , MT 2 , and Xenopus ) receptors were all incapable of activating Galpha ( 14 ) , while the alpha ( 2 ) and beta ( 2 ) adrenoceptors were able to do so . 6 . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P49286 and P48039	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
The purity obtained was sufficient for a first screen of their biochemical properties : the ( ) ( S ) enantiomer shows more affinity for melatonin receptors MT 1 , MT 2 and is responsible of the selectivity towards MT2 . . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P49286 and P48039	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
To determine which melatonin receptor type ( mt 1 , MT 2 , MT 3 ) is functionally expressed in the Xenopus oocytes , we used ( 1 ) agonists and antagonists of different receptor types to characterize the pharmacological profile of the expressed receptors and ( 2 ) a strategy of inhibiting melatonin receptor function by antisense oligonucleotides . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P49286 and P48039	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Chimeric Galphaq subunits can distinguish the long form of the Xenopus Mel1c melatonin receptor from the mammalian mt 1 and MT 2 melatonin receptors . ^^^ The family of melatonin receptors is composed of the mt 1 , MT 2 , and Mel1c subtypes . ^^^ A recent study has shown that , unlike mt 1 and MT 2 , the long form of Mel1c is incapable of activating the pertussis toxin insensitive G 16 . ^^^ Both mt 1 and MT 2 receptors interacted productively with the Galphaq chimeras , while the long form of Mel1c was totally ineffective . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P49286 and P48039	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Comparative pharmacological studies of melatonin receptors : MT 1 , MT 2 and MT3 / QR2 . ^^^ The neurohormone melatonin is the central switch of the circadian rhythm and presumably exerts its activities through a series of receptors among which MT 1 and MT 2 have been widely studied . ^^^ Under these novel conditions , binding to MT 3 could be traced without cross reactivity with MT 1 and MT 2 receptors and , moreover , under conditions similar to those used to measure MT3 / QR2 catalytic activity . ^^^ A new series of compounds with nanomolar affinity for the MT 3 binding site and a high MT 3 selectivity versus MT 1 and MT 2 is reported . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P49286 and P48039	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Affinities and intrinsic activities for the human cloned mt 1 and MT 2 receptors were examined and compared with those of some 2 substituted melatonin derivatives recently described by us . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P49286 and P48039	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Consistent with these results , a Tax highly expressing human T cell line MT 2 exhibits both higher polyphosphoinositide turnover and higher activities of PI3K and PI5K than those of Jurkat or MT 1 and HTLV 1 negative and a Tax unexpressing cell line , respectively . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P49286 and P48039	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
MT 1 and MT 2 are expressed in most tissues including the brain , whereas MT 3 ( also called growth inhibitory factor ) and MT 4 are expressed predominantly in the central nervous system and in keratinizing epithelia , respectively . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P49286 and P48039	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Separation and correlation of metal species in metallothioneins ( MT 1 and MT 2 in MT ) of rabbit liver using the CE ICP system were also discussed . . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P49286 and P48039	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Binding and in vitro functional assays were performed on cloned human MT 1 and MT 2 receptors , stably transfected in NIH3T3 cells . ^^^ Quantitative structure activity relationship studies showed that 4 methoxy 2 ( N acylaminomethyl ) indoles , with a benzyl group in position 1 , were selective MT 2 antagonists and , in particular , N [ ( 1 p chlorobenzyl 4 methoxy 1H indol 2 yl ) methyl ] propanamide ( 12 ) behaved as a pure antagonist at MT 1 and MT 2 receptors , with a 148 fold selectivity for MT 2 . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P49286 and P48039	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Under these conditions , MT protein as well as the mRNAs of MT 1 and MT 2 , were dose dependently induced in the liver by TCDD doses from 1 . 0 microg / kg bw . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P49286 and P48039	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
To know whether MT MMPs are involved in the activation of MMP 2 in melanoma cells , immunohistochemical studies were performed in primary and metastatic melanoma by use of the antibodies for MT 1 MMP , MT 2 MMP and MT 3 MMP . ^^^ Expression of MT 1 MMP , MT 2 MMP , MT 3 MMP and MMP 2 in nevocellular nevus ( n = 5 ) , dysplastic nevus ( n = 2 ) and juvenile melanoma ( n = 3 ) was undetectable or detected in only a few cells . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P49286 and P48039	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Melatonin receptor subtype MT 2 ( Mel 1b ) and not mt 1 ( Mel 1a ) is associated with melatonin induced enhancement of cell mediated and humoral immunity . ^^^ The present study examined the contribution of specific melatonin receptor subtypes , mt 1 ( Mel 1a ) and MT 2 ( Mel 1b ) , in mediating melatonin induced enhancement of cell mediated and humoral immune function in mice . ^^^ In addition , luzindole , an MT 2 receptor antagonist , attenuated melatonin induced enhancement of splenocyte proliferation in both WT and mt 1 / mice . ^^^ Taken together , these results suggest that receptor subtype mt 1 is not necessary for mediating melatonin induced enhancement of immune function and provide the first evidence for a specific melatonin receptor subtype , MT 2 , that may be involved in melatonin induced immune enhancement . . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P49286 and P48039	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
The brain specific member of the metallothionein ( MT ) family of proteins , metallothionein 3 , inhibits the growth and survival of neurons , in contrast to the ubiquitous mammalian MT isoforms , MT 1 and MT 2 , that are found in most tissues and are thought to function in metal ion homeostasis and detoxification . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P49286 and P48039	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Semiquantitative RT PCR analysis revealed the expression of MT 1 and MT 2 melatonin receptor mRNAs in the human brown adipose cell line , PAZ 6 , as well as in human brown and white adipose tissue . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P49286 and P48039	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Following the MT 1 base wedge osteotomy with a distal soft tissue procedure , the central forefoot region ( MT 2 / 3 ) showed reduced pressure induced pain , unchanged callus development , and reduced maximum load pressure . ^^^ When the Plus Index ( MT 1 longer than MT 2 ) could be preserved in the valugusizing MT 1 base wege osteotomy , the metatarsalgia in the central forefoot region not only improved generally , but also the maximum loading pressure was clearly reduced . ^^^ In cases with a post operative Minus Index ( MT 1 shorter than MT 2 ) , as well as in those Plus Index cases undergoing a Keller procedure in the valgusizing base wedge osteotomy , the elevated pressure values in the central forefoot region persisted . ^^^ CONCLUSION : In valgusizing MT 1 base wege osteotomy with preservation of the Plus Index ( MT 1 longer MT 2 ) , metatarsalgia can be improved and the maximum loading pressure in the central forefoot can be reduced . . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P49286 and P48039	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
We have found that GT 1 7 GnRH secreting neurons express membrane bound G protein coupled melatonin receptors , mt 1 ( Mel 1a ) and MT 2 ( Mel 1b ) as well as the orphan nuclear receptors ROR alpha and RZR beta . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P49286 and P48039	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
To clarify the cell response to Cd in bone , the isoform specific expression of MT mRNAs ( MT 1 and MT 2 ) was examined by reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction ( RT PCR ) . ^^^ Both MT 1 and MT 2 mRNA levels were increased within 3 h by Cd administration . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P49286 and P48039	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
To investigate the regulation of Chionodraco hamatus metallothionein ( MT ) encoding genes about 1000 bp regions of both MT 1 and MT 2 gene promoters were cloned and sequenced . ^^^ The alignment of the MT 1 and MT 2 promoter regions showed 57 % identity , which increased to 87 % in the 300 bp region upstream of the ATG . ^^^ Functional analysis of MT 1 and MT 2 promoters was performed by introducing deletion mutants of the 5 ' flanking regions into vector pGL 3 , directly upstream of the firefly luciferase reporter gene . ^^^ This study suggests that the different organization of the MT 1 and MT 2 gene promoter regions might account for the observed differences in the basal and metal induced expression of MT 1 and MT 2 isoforms in the C . hamatus liver . . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P49286 and P48039	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Treatment of the cells with 100 microM As3+ for 4 h resulted in a significant increase in the MT 1 and MT 2 proteins immediately preceding and following removal of the stress . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P49286 and P48039	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Metallothionein 1 ( MT 1 ) and MT 2 have been implicated in the protection of cells against reactive oxygen species ( ROS ) , heavy metals , and a variety of pathological and environmental stressors . ^^^ In vivo genomic footprinting ( IVGF ) analysis demonstrated involvement of almost all metal response elements , major late transcription factor / antioxidant response element ( MLTF / ARE ) , the STAT 3 binding site on the MT 1 upstream promoter , and the glucocorticoid responsive element ( GRE 1 ) , located upstream of the MT 2 gene , in the induction process in the liver and lung . ^^^ These results have demonstrated that MT 1 and MT 2 can be induced robustly in the liver and lung following experimental influenza virus infection by overlapping but distinct molecular mechanisms . . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P49286 and P48039	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
In this study , expression levels of the 8 known MT 1 and MT 2 functional isoforms in human invasive ductal breast cancer specimens were determined by RT PCR . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P49286 and P48039	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
In the electropherograms obtained from the cytosols three peaks can be assigned to MT 1 , MT 2 , and MT 3 . ^^^ The analytical procedure developed has been used for the first time in comparative studies of the distributions of MT 1 , MT 2 , and MT 3 in brain samples taken from patients with Alzheimer ' s disease and from a control group . . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P49286 and P48039	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
The approach allowed the detection of two major metallothionein ( MT ) isoforms ( MT 1 and MT 2 ) in liver and one MT isoform in kidney . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P49286 and P48039	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
We have identified three MT encoding genes in the blue crab : MT 1 , inducible by cadmium , zinc and copper ; MT 2 , inducible by cadmium and zinc ; and MT 3 , inducible by copper only [ Syring et al . , Comp . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P49286 and P48039	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Melatonin mt 1 and MT 2 receptors stimulate c Jun N terminal kinase via pertussis toxin sensitive and insensitive G proteins . ^^^ In this report , we demonstrate that 2 iodomelatonin ( 2IMT ) treatment on COS 7 cells transfected with melatonin receptors ( mt 1 and MT 2 ) induces c Jun N terminal kinase ( JNK ) activation , which is pertussis toxin ( PTX ) sensitive , Ras / Rac dependent and may involve Src family protein tyrosine kinases . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P49286 and P48039	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Thus , we hereby report that endogenous MT 1 overexpression and exogenous MT 2 treatment have significant neuroprotective roles during CNS pathological conditions . . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P49286 and P48039	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
This series of ligands exhibits subpicomolar binding affinity to both MT 1 and MT 2 melatonin receptors expressed in chinese hamster ovary ( CHO ) cells . . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P49286 and P48039	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Two putative melatonin receptors have been described including the cell surface G protein linked receptors , mt 1 and MT 2 , and the nuclear retinoic orphan receptor alpha ( RORalpha ) . ^^^ The mt 1 receptor , but not the MT 2 receptor , is expressed in human breast tumor cell lines , and melatonin induced growth suppression can be mimicked by the mt 1 and MT 2 agonist , AMMTC , and blocked by the antagonist , CBPT . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P49286 and P48039	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
The protein has two isoforms : MT 1 and MT 2 . ^^^ MT 1 binds Cu , Zn , Hg and Cd , while MT 2 only binds Zn , Hg and Cd . ^^^ This suggests different metabolic functions for the two isoforms : MT 1 is mainly involved in Cu homeostasis ; MT 2 , which was four fold more abundant than MT 1 , detoxifies most of the accumulated cadmium . . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P49286 and P48039	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
RT PCR studies indicated that , in addition to GDNF , rat C 6 glioma cells express both of the G protein coupled melatonin receptor subtypes , MT 1 and MT 2 . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P49286 and P48039	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Molecular determinants for the differential coupling of Galpha ( 16 ) to the melatonin MT 1 , MT 2 and Xenopus Mel1c receptors . ^^^ It has recently been reported that the cloned melatonin receptors ( MT 1 , MT 2 and Mel1c ) exhibit differential abilities to stimulate phospholipase C ( PLC ) via G ( 16 ) . ^^^ Coexpression of MT 1 or MT 2 with the alpha subunit of G ( 16 ) ( Galpha ( 16 ) ) allowed COS 7 cells to accumulate inositol phosphates in response to 2 iodomelatonin . ^^^ Eleven chimeric melatonin or mutant receptors were constructed by swapping all or part of the C terminal tail between MT 1 , MT 2 and Mel1c . ^^^ Chimeras containing the full length Mel1c tail were incapable of activating Galpha ( 16 ) , while those that contained the complete C terminal region of either MT 1 or MT 2 stimulated PLC . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P49286 and P48039	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
The most widely expressed isoforms in mammals , MT 1 and MT 2 , are rapidly induced in the liver by a wide range of metals , drugs and inflammatory mediators . ^^^ A brain isoform , MT 3 , has a specific neuronal growth inhibitory activity , while MT 1 and MT 2 have more diverse functions related to their thiolate cluster structure . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P49286 and P48039	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Hexamethylene bisacetamide ( HMBA ) , which induces differentiation and activates protein kinase C ( PKC ) , synergistically augments the induction of both MT 1 and MT 2 mRNAs in response to heme hemopexin , but attenuates the induction of HO 1 . ^^^ A model is proposed whereby a reorganization of lipids by HMBA alters signaling pathways and fusion events considered to be the etiology of the differential response of the MT 1 ( and MT 2 ) and the HO 1 genes to HMBA and heme HPX . . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P49286 and P48039	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Induction of anaesthesia did not lead to a significant decrease in MAP ( MT 1 : 92 . 5 + / 15 . 2 mmHg , MT 2 : 89 + / 13 . 4 mmHg , n = 80 ) . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P49286 and P48039	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Two subtypes of mammalian melatonin receptors have been cloned and characterized , the MT 1 ( Mel ( 1a ) ) and the MT 2 ( Mel ( 1b ) ) melatonin receptor subtypes . ^^^ However , a functional MT 2 receptor in the rodent SCN is partially able to compensate for the absence of the MT 1 receptor in MT 1 receptor deficient mice . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P49286 and P48039	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
This effect appeared to be independent of the production of second messengers as no specific binding sites for melatonin , including MT 1 , MT 2 and MT 3 receptors , could be detected in BAE cells . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P49286 and P48039	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
MT 1 and MT 2 are assumed to be induced by metals , glucocorticoids , and inflammatory signals in a coordinated manner , yet their function remains elusive . ^^^ Upregulation of both MT 1 and MT 2 was confirmed by Northern blotting . ^^^ MT 1 and MT 2 mRNA expression increased as early as 2 hr after 2 hr of transient ischemia , with a maximum after 16 hr . ^^^ MT 1 and MT 2 deficient mice developed approximately threefold larger infarcts than wild type mice and a significantly worse neurological outcome . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P49286 and P48039	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
The aim of the present study was to investigate the daily regulation of both MT 1 and MT 2 melatonin receptor subtype mRNA expression in the rat SCN in order to clarify their role in the daily variation of SCN melatonin receptors . ^^^ Existing MT 1 and MT 2 partial clones were extended by PCR to 982 and 522 bp , respectively . ^^^ However , while the MT 1 clone allowed us to set up a highly sensitive in situ hybridization ( ISH ) method , we could not detect MT 2 expression within the SCN . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P49286 and P48039	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Adult rats were injected once with either Cd ( 8 . 9 micromol / kg ) or Cu ( 2+ ) ( 8 . 7 micromol / kg ) as the chloride salts , and the liver and kidney concentrations of MT 1 and MT 2 mRNA , total soluble MT protein , and tissue Cd , Cu , and Zn were monitored over 48 72 h . ^^^ Cd treatment significantly increased renal MT 1 and MT 2 mRNA levels but protein was unaffected . ^^^ In contrast , Cu actually decreased renal MT 1 and MT 2 mRNA but significantly increased MT protein . ^^^ Cd induced considerably more MT 1 than MT 2 mRNA in liver , but induction of both isoforms was similar in kidney and in liver of Cu treated rats . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P49286 and P48039	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
The present study aimed to clarify the pathway of As2O3 induced apoptosis in HTLV 1 infected T cell lines , MT 1 and MT 2 , and fresh ATL cells separated from peripheral blood of patients with acute or chronic type ATL . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P49286 and P48039	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
This suggests that MMP 2 and other soluble MMPs are not essential for tubulogenesis in fibrin gels , instead TIMP 1 insensitive MMPs , such as members of the membrane type MMPs ( MT MMP ) sub group ( MT 1 , MT 2 , MT 3 or MT 5 MMP ) , are required for this process . ^^^ Furthermore , when EC were cultured within fibrin gels , the mRNA levels of several MMPs ( including MT 1 MMP , MT 2 MMP , MT 3 MMP and MMP 2 ) increased during tubulogenesis . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P49286 and P48039	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
RESULTS : Relative density analysis of amplified products demonstrate the presence of MT 1 , MT 2 and MT 3 in RPE cells , with an apparent relative expression MT 2 > MT 1 > MT 3 [ corrected ] . ^^^ Expression of MT 1 and MT 2 mRNA was increased by both phagocytosis and hydrogen peroxide , however MT 3 was not induced by either stress . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P49286 and P48039	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
The analysis of MT protein isoforms revealed that MT 1 was the form induced , while metallothionein 2 ( MT 2 ) levels remained practically unchanged . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P49286 and P48039	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
The secondary structures of porcine brain Cu ( 4 ) Zn ( 3 ) metallothionein ( MT ) 3 and Cd ( 5 ) Zn ( 2 ) MT 1 , Cd ( 5 ) Zn ( 2 ) MT 2 , and Zn ( 7 ) MT 1 from rabbit livers in the solid state are investigated by Fourier transform IR spectroscopy ( FTIR ) and Fourier transform Raman spectroscopy ( FT Raman ) . ^^^ However , because the bands assigned to the alpha helix and random coil structures are overlapped in the spectra , the content of random coil structures in Cu ( 4 ) Zn ( 3 ) MT 3 is therefore higher than those in Cd ( 5 ) Zn ( 2 ) MT 1 , Cd ( 5 ) Zn ( 2 ) MT 2 , and Zn ( 7 ) MT I . . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P49286 and P48039	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
The results suggest that the larger Cd ( 2+ ) ions can not isostructurally replace zinc in the beta domain of MT 3 whereas in the case of MT 1 and MT 2 the replacement is isostructural . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P49286 and P48039	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Three different bank vole sequences were characterised corresponding to the cDNA and the genomic DNA for MT 1 and the genomic DNA for MT 2 . ^^^ Nucleotide sequence analysis indicates that the coding sequences of the bank vole MT 1 and MT 2 genes exhibit a very high degree of similarity ( greater than 92 % ) to the corresponding genes of the Chinese hamster , the mouse and the rat . ^^^ In common with other mammalian MT genes , both the MT 1 and MT 2 genes in the bank vole are interrupted by two introns , which are at identical positions as those in other rodent MT genes ; furthermore , the sizes of these introns are similar to those in other rodents with the first intron being larger than the second and those in the MT 1 gene being larger than those in the MT 2 gene . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P49286 and P48039	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Metallothionein ( MT ) isoforms , MT 1 and MT 2 , in biological specimens are clearly separated by capillary zone electrophoresis ( CZE ) using a polyacrylamide coated capillary . ^^^ We did two experiments to determine the MT 1 / MT 2 ratio in biological specimens . ^^^ The ratio of MT 1 / MT 2 can be determined by CZE under a neutral pH without any detergents . ^^^ One of these studies is time dependent changes of the MT 1 / MT 2 ratio in the cytosol of the pancreas and liver in mice after Zn or Cd injection . ^^^ In the pancreas , both isoforms were detected in the control mice and the ratio of MT 1 / MT 2 was below 1 . 0 . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P49286 and P48039	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Changes in the levels of MT 1 and MT 2 mRNA in the liver and kidney were detected by semi quantitative RT PCR . ^^^ Copper influenced the expression of both isoforms : the MT 1 and MT 2 mRNA levels increased in both the liver and the kidney in a time and dose dependent manner . ^^^ Arsenic affected mostly the MT 2 expression , while the level of the MT 1 transcript did not change significantly in either organ . . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P49286 and P48039	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
To find out whether these are related to structural changes , we investigated the pressure stability of wild type GFP ( wtGFP ) and three of its red shift mutants ( AFP , GFP ( mut 1 ) , and GFP ( mut 2 ) ) using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy . ^^^ For the wt GFP , GFP ( mut 1 ) , and GFP ( mut 2 ) we found that up to 13 14 kbar the secondary structure remains intact , whereas AFP starts unfolding around 10 kbar . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P49286 and P48039	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Metallothionein ( MT ) 3 is a member of a brain specific MT family , in contrast to MT 1 and MT 2 that are found in most tissues and are implicated in metal ion homeostasis and as an antioxidant . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P49286 and P48039	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
We hypothesized that manipulation of metallothioneins in vivo might alter the disease phenotype of transgenic mice expressing G93A SOD 1 and therefore crossed this line with MT 1 and MT 2 or MT 3 knock out mice . ^^^ G93A SOD 1 mice deficient of either MT 1 and MT 2 or MT 3 exhibited significant reductions in survival compared with G93A SOD 1 mice . ^^^ In addition , motor dysfunction was markedly accelerated in G93A SOD 1 mice deficient in metallothioneins with regard to onset ( MT 1 and MT 2 ) or progression ( MT 3 ) . ^^^ Because MT 1 and MT 2 are expressed in glia whereas MT 3 is found in neurons , these results also indicate that primary changes within non neuronal cells can affect mutant SOD 1 induced disease and do so in ways distinct from primary neuronal changes . . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P49286 and P48039	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
The patterns of expression of two metallothionein ( MT ) genes , MT 1 and MT 2 , previously identified as Cd MT and Cu MT , were analysed in Tetrahymena pigmentosa in response to metal inducers cadmium , copper and zinc and to a mixture of copper and cadmium at appropriate concentrations . ^^^ MT 1 is induced to higher levels than MT 2 . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P49286 and P48039	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
For the horse kidney preparation two forms were found for both the MT IA and the MT IB forms , for the rabbit liver three forms could be seen for the MT 1 form and two for the MT 2 form . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P49286 and P48039	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
In the present study , we demonstrated a rapid and sustained increase of transcripts of the two major isoforms of MT ( MT 1 and MT 2 ) in grey seal peripheral blood leukocytes ( PBL ) exposed in vitro to Zn . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P49286 and P48039	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Effects of muscarinic toxins MT 1 and MT 2 from green mamba on different muscarinic cholinoceptors . ^^^ MT 1 and MT 2 , polypeptides from green mamba venom , known to bind to muscarinic cholinoceptors , behave like muscarinic agonists in an inhibitory avoidance task in rats . ^^^ MT 1 and MT 2 behaved like relatively selective muscarinic M 1 receptor agonists in rabbit vas deferens , but their effects were not reversed by washing or prevented by muscarinic antagonists , although allosteric modulators altered responses to MT 1 . ^^^ MT 1 and MT 2 appear to irreversibly activate muscarinic M 1 receptors at a site distinct from the classical one , and to have affinity for some alpha adrenoceptors . . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P49286 and P48039	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Two isomers of MT ( MT 1 , MT 2 ) in foods were separated and determined . ^^^ After a series of optimization , the separation and determination of MT 1 and MT 2 were obtained within 10 min by using the phosphate buffer system consisting of 0 . 02 mol / L Na2HPO4 and 0 . 02 mol / L NaH2PO4 ( pH 7 . 0 ) , and UV detection at 200 nm . ^^^ Under the optimal experimental conditions , the minimum detectable limit was 1 mg / L , and the added standard recoveries of MT 1 , MT 2 in foods were found to be in the range of 82 . 0 % 93 . 4 % . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P49286 and P48039	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
In an effort to test the hypothesis that melatonin may serve as an endocrine signal for coordinating myometrial events in the human , we determined the mRNA expression of both MT 1 and MT 2 melatonin receptor isoforms in pregnant as well as nonpregnant myometrial biopsies by means of RT PCR and in situ hybridization histochemistry . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P49286 and P48039	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
In the present study , the effects of oral Cd exposure ( 0 , 50 , 100 , 200 ppm in drinking water ) on serum sex hormone levels , the expression of MT 1 and MT 2 mRNA , and the zinc content of rat prostate were assessed . ^^^ It was noted that Cd administration resulted in a significant down regulation in the expression of MT 1 and MT 2 mRNA in the rat ventral prostate . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P49286 and P48039	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
In the present study , liver levels of glutathione , and liver and intestinal mRNA and protein levels were determined for metallothionein , MT 1 and MT 2 . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P49286 and P48039	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction showed that human mt 1 and MT 2 membrane receptors were not expressed in the cultured neuronal cells . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P49286 and P48039	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Both the MT 1 and MT 2 melatonin receptors are present in the retina and retinal melatonin does not contribute to circulating levels , suggesting that retinal melatonin acts locally as a neurohormone and / or neuromodulator . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P49286 and P48039	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
MT 1 and MT 2 mRNA levels were determined by semi quantitative RT PCR analysis followed by densitometry scanning , and MT was estimated by the enzyme linked immunosorbent assay ( ELISA ) method . ^^^ In the present study , we demonstrated that the rat testis indeed expressed MT 1 and MT 2 , the major isoforms . ^^^ Interestingly , the induction of MT 1 mRNA was lower than MT 2 mRNA in Sertoli cells and liver of rats treated with Cd . ^^^ However , the MT 1 mRNA levels of spermatogenic cells decreased 0 3h after Cd treatment , followed by an increase ; in contrast , MT 2 mRNA levels increased 0 3h after Cd treatment , followed by a reduction , but induced extents of them are lower than those of Sertoli cells and liver . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P49286 and P48039	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
In clinical glioma specimens , there were positive correlations between glioma grade and RNA levels of MT 1 , MT 2 , and MT 6 MMP , TIMP 1 and TIMP 2 , and for several growth factors and receptors . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P49286 and P48039	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Expression of membrane type MMPs , MT 1 MMP and MT 3 MMP mRNA was higher in PC 3 derived than in LNCaP derived lines , whereas MT 2 MMP mRNA expression was higher in the LNCaPderived than in PC 3 derived cell lines . ^^^ Active MT 1 , MT 2 and MT 3 MMP protein levels were similar in all lines , but processed MT MMPs , indicative of latent MMP activation , were increased in more aggressive sublines . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P49286 and P48039	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
By employing electron spin resonance spectroscopy ( ESR ) , we examined for the first time the free radical scavenging effects of MT 1 and MT 2 isoforms on four types of free radicals . ^^^ Solutions of 0 . 15 mM of MT 1 and 0 . 3 mM of MT 2 scavenged the 1 , 1 diphenyl 2 picrylhydrazyl radicals completely . ^^^ Moreover , MT 1 scavenged almost 90 % of the superoxide generated by the hypoxanthine and xanthine oxidase system , while MT 2 could only scavenge 40 % . ^^^ By using 2 , 2 , 6 , 6 tetramethyl 4 piperidone as a `` spin trap ' ' for the reactive oxygen species ( containing singlet oxygen , superoxide and hydroxyl radicals ) generated by photosensitized oxidation of riboflavin , and measuring the relative signal intensities of the resulting stable nitroxide adduct , 2 , 2 , 6 , 6 tetramethyl 4 piperidone 1 oxyl , we observed that MT 2 could scavenge 92 % , while MT 1 could completely scavenge all the reactive species generated . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P49286 and P48039	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Three dimensional quantitative structure activity relationship studies on selected MT 1 and MT 2 melatonin receptor ligands : requirements for subtype selectivity and intrinsic activity modulation . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P49286 and P48039	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
The aims of the present work were to determine the effect of long term treatment with zinc ( Zn ) on metallothionein ( MT ) concentrations and to study the levels of both MT 1 and MT 2 mRNAs in Long Evans Cinnamon ( LEC ) rat liver . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P49286 and P48039	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Establishment of stable tranfectants expressing the membrane type MMPs , MT 1 MMP and MT 2 MMP did restore fusion in the MMP poor cell line TE 671 after transfection with GALV M 40 , thus indicating that both membrane type MMPs and soluble MMPs activate the MMP cleavable constructs . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P49286 and P48039	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
The robust induction of metallothionein 1 and 2 ( MT 1 and MT 2 ) genes by several heavy metals such as zinc and cadmium requires the specific transcription factor metal responsive transcription factor 1 ( MTF 1 ) . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P49286 and P48039	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Expression of MT 1 and MT 2 melatonin receptor mRNA was detected in the rat ovaries both by reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction and in situ hybridization with digoxigenin labeled oligoprobes . ^^^ Indeed , the efficacy of 4P PDOT on forskolin stimulated cAMP formation was reversed from an MT 2 partial agonist in vehicle treated cells to that of an MT 1 inverse agonist in 17beta estradiol ( 0 . 1 microM ) treated granulosa cells . ^^^ We conclude that MT 1 and MT 2 melatonin receptors expressed in antral follicles and corpus luteum may affect steroidogenesis through cAMP mediated signaling . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P49286 and P48039	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Mt 3 null mice did not differ from control mice in these responses , in sharp contrast to results obtained in Mt 1 Mt 2 null mice . ^^^ Thus , unlike MT 1 and MT 2 , MT 3 does not affect the inflammatory response elicited in the central nervous system by a cryoinjury , nor does it serve an important antioxidant role , but it may influence neuronal regeneration during the recovery process . . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P49286 and P48039	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
New selective ligands of human cloned melatonin MT 1 and MT 2 receptors . ^^^ Melatonin exerts its multiple roles mainly through two seven transmembrane domain , G coupled receptors , namely MT 1 or MT 2 receptors . ^^^ We report new types of selective antagonists , such as S 25567 and S 26131 for MT 1 and S 24601 for MT 2 . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P49286 and P48039	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
On the other hand , it was reported that mutated Connexin 37 ( Cx 37 ) is the origin of shared tumor associated antigenic octa peptides ( MUT 1 and MUT 2 ) of two independently derived lung carcinomas 3LL and CMT 64 of mouse origin . ^^^ Two Cx 37 mutations have been implicated : a Cys 54 Gln substitution in FEQNTAQP ( MUT 1 ) and FEQNTAQA ( MUT 2 ) ; an additional Pro 59 Ala substitution has been proposed in MUT 2 . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P49286 and P48039	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
The RT PCR data revealed that transcripts for MT 1 and MT 2 melatonin receptors are present in the dorsal and ventral horn of lumbar and thoracal spinal cord tissue . ^^^ In conclusion , the present study demonstrated for the first time the presence of transcripts of MT 1 and MT 2 receptors located in the dorsal and ventral horn of the spinal cord . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P49286 and P48039	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
MT 1 and MT 2 melatonin receptor mRNAs were identified in rat circumvallate papilla taste buds and nonsensory epithelium , suggesting the occurrence of MT 1 and MT 2 receptors in these tissues . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P49286 and P48039	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
MT 1 and MT 2 mRNA levels were determined by semi quantitative RT PCR analysis followed by densitometry scanning , and MT was estimated by the enzyme linked immunosorbent assay ( ELISA ) method . ^^^ RESULTS : The rat testis expressed MT 1 and MT 2 , the major isoforms . ^^^ Interestingly , the induction of MT 1 mRNA was lower than MT 2 mRNA in liver of rat treated with Cd , but it was opposite to interstitial cells . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P49286 and P48039	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
The mRNAs of MT 1 and MT 2 melatonin receptors are present in cells from nonpregnant ( NPM ) and pregnant ( PM ) rat myometrium . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P49286 and P48039	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
To gain insight into the role of melatonin and dopamine in retinal development , gene expression of two melatonin receptors , MT 1 and MT 2 , as well as five dopamine receptors , D 1 , D 2 , D 3 , D 4 and D 5 , in the rat eye was analyzed by reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction across various developmental stages . ^^^ Thus , gene expression of both the MT 1 and MT 2 receptors showed a striking inverse correlation with maturation of the eye . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P49286 and P48039	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
The receptor subtype identity of melatonin receptor expressed in the cancer tissue was determined by comparison of the rank order of inhibition constants ( Ki ) of various melatonergic ligands and the affinity of 4 phenyl 2 propionamidotetraline relative to melatonin in inhibiting 2 [ 125I ] iodomelatonin binding to the tumor sample and to human cell lines stably transfected with MT 1 or MT 2 melatonin receptor subtype . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P49286 and P48039	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
These new melatonin analogues were evaluated on human receptors MT 1 and MT 2 and have a similar affinity to that of melatonin itself . . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P49286 and P48039	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
We also review melatonin mediated responses through activation of melatonin receptors ( MT 1 , MT 2 , and MT 3 ) highlighting their involvement in modulation of CNS , hypothalamic hypophyseal gonadal axis , cardiovascular , and immune functions . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P49286 and P48039	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
In addition , receptors for melatonin , mt 1 and MT 2 , also show a circadian expression pattern in the GT 1 7 cells , and their expression is down regulated by melatonin treatment . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P49286 and P48039	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
However , MT 1 and MT 2 had Cd+ / Cd expression ratios > 1 in all four groups , while all ratios for MT 3 were essentially 1 , showing specificity . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P49286 and P48039	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
It was concluded that ( 1 ) the portion of the CD 18 stalk region deleted in mut 1 is critical for beta ( 2 ) integrin heterodimer expression but the portion of the cytoplasmic domain truncated in mut 2 is not ; and ( 2 ) the mut 2 cytoplasmic domain truncation impairs binding function of LFA 1 but not of Mac 1 . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P49286 and P48039	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Irregular features of the latter were as follows : a ) a delay in maturation ; b ) temporary reversion to immature or adolescent state , which means instability of maturity state ; c ) expression of MT 1 and MT 3 , rather than MT 2 as in properly matured clones ; d ) changes in MT ( i . e . , MT instability ) ; e ) appearance of totally unexpected MTs in terms of the scheme of genetic control of MTs in D . anser previously suggested by Afon ' kin and Yudin ( 1987 ) e . g . , of all three MTs in F 1 from the initial ( analysing ! ) cross . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P49286 and P48039	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
In the present study the UROtsa cell line , a model of normal human urothelium , was used to determine the expression of the human MT 1 and MT 2 genes and MT protein following exposure to CdCl ( 2 ) or NaAsO ( 2 ) at lethal and sublethal levels . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P49286 and P48039	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Furthermore , because luzindole , an MT 1 and MT 2 blocker , caused the antitumor effect or rhythm disturbance effect of MLT to decrease , it is suggested that the time dependent change of the pharmacological effects of MLT were influenced by that of MLT receptor ( s ) function . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P49286 and P48039	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
The aim of this study was to compare the expression of functional MT 1 and MT 2 mRNA isoforms in five breast cancer cell lines ranging from noninvasive MCF 7 breast cancer cells to highly aggressive MDA MB 231 breast cancer cells together with breast myoepithelial cells in vitro by conventional semiquantitative reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction ( RT PCR ) and quantitative real time RT PCR . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P49286 and P48039	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
In addition , we found that , endogenously via iNOS , synthesized NO increases the constitutive mRNA expression of both MT 1 and MT 2 genes and that nitrosative stress exogenously applied via an NO donor increases constitutive MT mRNA expression via intracellular Zn2+ release . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P49286 and P48039	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
At present , the MT 1 and MT 2 membrane receptors , and nuclear receptors belonging to the RZR / ROR family have been related to the immunomodulator effect of melatonin . ^^^ Thus , we show that MT 1 and RORalpha receptor mRNA and protein are expressed in both thymus and spleen , while MT 2 receptor mRNA is only detected in the thymus . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P49286 and P48039	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
This analysis revealed two independent events of duplication occurring in Cd ( MT 1 and MTT 1 ) and Cu ( MT 2 ) induced MTs . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P49286 and P48039	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
In situ hybridization study with antisense mt 1 and MT 2 receptor mRNA oligonucleotide probes showed an expression of mt 1 and MT 2 receptors in the rat carotid body . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P49286 and P48039	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
In liver , metallothionein subtype 1 and 2 ( MT 1 and MT 2 ) genes could be shown to be dramatically repressed and therefore represent putative markers for Zn deficiency . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P49286 and P48039	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
All sulfur analogues show a decreased binding affinity at human MT 1 and MT 2 receptors and a reduced potency as melatonin agonists on the Xenopus melanophore assay . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P49286 and P48039	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
In mammals , two specific melatonin receptor subtypes , MT 1 and MT 2 , have been cloned and are known to be expressed at central and peripheral sites . ^^^ Both , the MT 1 and MT 2 subtypes appear to be involved . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P49286 and P48039	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Formulations MT 1 , MT 2 , MT 3 and MT 4 were composed of Eudragit RL 100 and polyvinyl pyrrolidone K 30 with the following ratios : 2 : 8 , 4 : 6 , 6 : 4 and 8 : 2 , respectively . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P49286 and P48039	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
The melatonin receptor ( MT 2 > MT 1 ) antagonist luzindole ( 600 nM / kg , i . v . ) almost abolished the marked rise in bicarbonate secretion induced by i . c . v . phenylephrine but , in contrast , did not affect the release of melatonin . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P49286 and P48039	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Melatonin activates membrane bound G protein coupled receptors mt 1 and MT 2 , but may also bind a family of orphan nuclear receptors , including RORalpha and RZRbeta , representing another potential molecular mechanism of melatonin action . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P49286 and P48039	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Neonatal pituitary cells express MT 1 and MT 2 subtype of melatonin receptors that are coupled to pertussis toxin sensitive G proteins . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P49286 and P48039	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Considering the recent challenge to the medicinal chemists for the development of selective melatonin receptor ligands , an attempt has been made to explore physicochemical requirements of benzofuran derivatives for binding with human MT 1 and MT 2 receptor subtypes and also to explore selectivity requirements . ^^^ The best equation describing MT 2 binding affinity [ n = 34 , Q 2 = 0 . 602 , Ra 2 = 0 . 755 , R 2 = 0 . 792 , R = 0 . 890 , s = 0 . 584 , F = 213 ( df 5 , 28 ) ] shows that the MT 2 binding affinity depends on the similar factors as described for MT 1 binding affinity ; however , the contributions of the factors for the two affinities are different to some extent as evidenced from the regression coefficients . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P49286 and P48039	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Preparation of 4 azaindole and 7 azaindole dimers with a bisalkoxyalkyl spacer in order to preferentially target melatonin MT 1 receptors over melatonin MT 2 receptors . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P49286 and P48039	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
On the other hand , MLT has nanomolar affinity for its membrane receptors ( MT 1 and MT 2 ) , and these are completely saturated at the high concentrations employed when the cytoprotective effect is observed . ^^^ An isomer of MLT resulted more potent and effective than MLT itself in the cytoprotection test , although it showed similar potency in the peroxidation test , and it was devoid of the ability to stimulate MT 1 and MT 2 receptors . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P49286 and P48039	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
The tricyclic scaffold was chosen on the basis of previous quantitative structure activity studies on MT 1 and MT 2 antagonists , relating selective MT 2 antagonism to the presence of an aromatic substituent out of the plane of the MLT indole ring . ^^^ Binding affinity at human cloned MT 1 and MT 2 receptors was measured by 2 [ 125I ] iodomelatonin displacement assay and intrinsic activity by the GTPgammaS test . ^^^ The majority of the compounds were characterized by higher affinity at the MT 2 than at the MT 1 receptor and by very low intrinsic activity values , thus confirming the importance of the noncoplanar arrangement of the two aromatic rings for selective MT 2 antagonism . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P49286 and P48039	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
The present study has investigated the effect of DEHP exposure on several key genes in zinc metabolism ( MT 1 , MT 2 , ZnT 1 ) for early mouse embryos exposed in utero . ^^^ Maternal exposure to 800 mg / kg DEHP increased the abundance of MT 1 and MT 2 transcripts in maternal liver at 3 . 0 , 4 . 5 and 6 . 0 h after administration . ^^^ MT 1 and MT 2 protein induction was confirmed by Western blot analysis . ^^^ On the other hand , this exposure down regulated both transcripts ( MT 1 , MT 2 ) , as well as transcripts for a zinc transporter ( ZnT 1 ) , in the embryonic brain , but not the visceral yolk sac . ^^^ The effect to MT 1 and MT 2 expression in the maternal liver became significant at the 200 mg / kg dose level . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P49286 and P48039	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Identification of two subtypes expressed in the mouse suprachiasmatic nucleus , one of which ( MT 1 ) inhibits neuronal firing and the other ( MT 2 ) mediating the phase advancing properties of melatonin has given renewed interest to the development of subtype specific compounds for each of the mammalian melatonin receptors . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P49286 and P48039	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Northern blot analysis confirmed the microarray findings and revealed a dynamic upregulation of Mt 1 and Mt 2 mRNA in the ventral midbrain within 4 12 hr after MDMA treatment . ^^^ Collectively , these results indicate that MDMA induced toxicity to DA neurons is associated with increased Mt 1 and Mt 2 gene transcription and translation , possibly as part of a neuroprotective mechanism . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P49286 and P48039	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Quantitative PCR identified the expression of MT 1 3 isoforms , not the MT 4 isoform in the mouse retina , and , following light damage , showed increased expression of retinal MT 1 and MT 2 mRNAs by 8 and 22 fold , respectively . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P49286 and P48039	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
To date , three different receptor subtypes have been identified in mammals : MT 1 ( Mel 1a ) and MT 2 ( Mel 1b ) and a putative binding site called MT 3 . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P49286 and P48039	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
N [ 2 [ 2 ( 4 Phenylbutyl ) benzofuran 4 yl ] cyclopropylmethyl ] acetamide 3a was synthesized as an orally bioavailable agonist at MT 1 and MT 2 melatonin receptors with significantly low vasoconstrictive activity . . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P49286 and P48039	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Deletion of the hemopexin domains in MT 1 , MT 2 , MT 3 , MT 5 , and MT 6 MMP does not impair their abilities to activate proMMP 2 . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P49286 and P48039	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
We analyzed the histology by optic light microscopy , activities of antioxidant enzymes ( CAT , SOD , GPx and G 6 PDH ) , expression of iNOS and COX 2 by Western blot , expression of MT 1 , MT 2 , IGF 1 , IGF BP 5 and rtert by RT PCR . ^^^ MT 1 and IGF BP 5 mRNA increased while MT 2 , IGF 1 and rtert did not show variations . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P49286 and P48039	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Indeed , in 22 F 1 clones from cross N 7C ( MT 1 ) 10 N 2 ( MT 2 ) the immaturity period was reduced 1 . 4 3 . 4 fold ( 2 . 18 in average ) after a threefold bisection , as compared with that in intact subclones . ^^^ Similarly , in 27 F 1 clones from cross N 20 ( MT 1 ) 10 N 14 ( MT 2 ) this period was shortened 1 . 6 3 . 0 fold ( 2 . 19 in average ) . 12 of these clones showed a 0 . 9 2 . 4 fold ( 1 . 53 in average ) reduction after a single bisection , and 1 . 6 2 . 8 ( 2 . 12 in average ) after a threefold operation . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P49286 and P48039	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
OBJECTIVE : To investigate correlation of expressions of membrane type 1 , 2 , and 3 matrix metalloproteinases ( MT 1 , MT 2 , and MT 3 MMP ) to the invasion and metastases in laryngeal cancer . ^^^ METHODS : Reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction ( RT PCR ) was used to examine the mRNA level of MT 1 , MT 2 , and MT 3 MMP in 24 patients with laryngeal cancer . ^^^ RESULTS : The expressions of MT 1 , MT 2 , and MT 3 MMP were significantly higher in laryngeal cancer tissues than those in para tumorous tissues ( P < 0 . 01 ) and had a close relationship with invasive depth ( P < 0 . 05 ) . ^^^ CONCLUSION : MT 1 , MT 2 , and MT 3 MMP play an important role in the progression of laryngeal cancer , and MT 1 MMP may serve as a reliable marker in estimating invasive and metastatic potency of laryngeal cancer . ^^^ Suppressing expressions of MT 1 , MT 2 , and MT 3 MMP early may inhibit the invasion and metastases of laryngeal cancer . . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P49286 and P48039	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
In view of recent evidence suggesting a role for the pineal hormone melatonin in vertebrate development , it was also of interest to determine whether its G protein coupled MT 1 and MT 2 receptors are expressed in NSCs . ^^^ Melatonin MT 1 receptor mRNA was detected in NSCs maintained for two days in culture , but the MT 2 receptor was not seen . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P49286 and P48039	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
RPC CVGAFS system has been applied to the analysis of metallothioneins from rabbit liver ( MT ( RL ) ) standard solutions , and their commercial isoforms MT 1 and MT 2 . ^^^ It was found that MTs from rabbit liver have 10 . 0+ / 0 . 3 ( MT 1 ) and 6 . 7+ / 0 . 3 ( MT 2 and MT ( RL ) ) SH groups complexed by PHMB . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P49286 and P48039	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Cathepsin D , metallothionein 1 ( MT 1 ) , metallothionein 2 ( MT 2 ) , osteopontin ( OPN ) , and tenascin C were selected for quantitative and histological analysis . ^^^ Microarray analysis revealed that SCI led to the up regulation of OPN and cathepsin D expression at 7 days and also of MT 1 , MT 2 , and tenascin C expression at 1 day . ^^^ By double labeling with in situ hybridization and fluorescence immunohistochemistry , MT 1 , MT 2 and tenascin C expression was observed in neurons and glial cells at 1 day , whereas at 7 days the main MT 2 and tenascin C expression was found in fibronectin positive fibroblasts . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P49286 and P48039	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
RESULTS : Amount of MT 3 mRNA was highest followed by MT 1 mRNA , MT 2 mRNA ranked third . ^^^ Expression of MT 1 and MT 2 mRNA could be up regulated significantly on 75 100 micromol / L zinc exposure , and then , reach to a plateau on 125 150 micromol / L . ^^^ CONCLUSION : The results showed that not only the MT 3 but also the MT 1 and MT 2 were involved in the regulation of zinc homeostasis in neurons , just like neuroglial cell do . . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P49286 and P48039	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
In this study , a potential role of MT in liver regeneration was investigated in wild type ( WT ) and MT 1 and MT 2 gene knockout ( MT null ) mice after 35 % partial hepatectomy ( PH ) or sham laparotomy . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P49286 and P48039	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
In parallel , ROS scavengers , metallothionein 1 ( MT 1 ) , and metallothionein 2 ( MT 2 ) were markedly up regulated in TG hearts . ^^^ Finally , homozygous deletion of the MT 1 and MT 2 genes abrogated cardioprotective effect of STAT 3 against I / R injury with the cancellation of its ROS scavenging effects . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P49286 and P48039	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Both MT 1 + 2 proteins and MT 2 mRNA expression increased significantly in both type 1 and 2 muscle fibres after exercise . ^^^ Moreover , 24 h after exercise the levels of MT 2 mRNA and MT 1 + 2 proteins were still highly increased and the MT 2 mRNA expression reached a 15 fold increase . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P49286 and P48039	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
In the early stage , significant induction of MT 1 and MT 2 were observed in various regions including ventricle walls , pia mater , and dentate gyrus . ^^^ The differences in expression of MT 1 and MT 2 in different brain regions and cell types ( neuron vs . glial cells ) suggests that multiple regulatory mechanisms are involved in the control of MT expression following brain injury . . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P49286 and P48039	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Metallothionein was analyzed with a monoclonal antibody raised against MT 1 and MT 2 and with a second anti mouse antibody conjugated to alkaline phosphatase . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P49286 and P48039	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Ramelteon showed very high affinity for human MT 1 ( Mel1a ) and MT 2 ( Mel1b ) receptors ( expressed in Chinese hamster ovary [ CHO ] cells ) , and chick forebrain melatonin receptors ( consisting of Mel1a and Mel1c receptors ) with Ki values of 14 . 0 , 112 , and 23 . 1 pM , respectively , making the affinities of ramelteon for these receptors 3 16 times higher than those of melatonin . ^^^ Ramelteon inhibited forskolin stimulated cAMP production in the CHO cells that express the human MT 1 or MT 2 receptors . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P49286 and P48039	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Two MT isoforms , MT 1 and MT 2 , are expressed coordinately in all mammalian tissues , whereas MT 3 is a brain specific member of the MT family . ^^^ In this study , the influences of the lack of MT 1 and MT 2 on mercury accumulation in the brain and the changes of zinc and copper concentrations and metal components of MTs were examined after mercury vapor exposure by using MT 1 , 2 null mice and 129 / Sv ( wild type ) mice as experimental animals . ^^^ It was suggested that MT 3 is associated with the storage of mercury in conditions lacking MT 1 , and MT 2 . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P49286 and P48039	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Studies have shown , using immunohistochemical staining , that the MT 1 and MT 2 proteins ( MT 1 / 2 ) are overexpressed in a substantial subset of ductal breast cancers , that overexpression occurs early in the disease process , and that this overexpression is indicative of a poor prognosis . ^^^ There is no information regarding the expression of the mRNAs for the eight active MT 1 and MT 2 genes in normal breast duct epithelium . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P49286 and P48039	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Mammalian metallothioneins ( MTs ) usually have two major isoforms , MT 1 and MT 2 , existing in tissues because of the genetic polymorphism . ^^^ The method was validated with the standard reference materials of MT 1 and MT 2 . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P49286 and P48039	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
This strain of CHO cells expressed both estrogen receptor alpha and beta mRNAs , as determined by RT PCR amplification . 17beta Estradiol treatment did not modify the affinity of either receptor ; however , it significantly increased the density of 2 [ 125I ] iodomelatonin binding sites in CHO MT 2 cells . 17beta Estradiol treatment ( 1 6 days ) did not affect the potency of melatonin to inhibit forskolin stimulation of cAMP formation through activation of either MT 1 or MT 2 receptors ; however , it significantly attenuated the maximal inhibition of forskolin stimulated cAMP formation induced by melatonin ( 0 . 01 1 microM ) in CHO MT 1 cells . ^^^ We suggest that 17beta estradiol differentially affects MT 1 and MT 2 melatonin receptor functions , attenuates melatonin responses through activation of MT 1 receptors , and increases the MT 2 receptors density . . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P49286 and P48039	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
RT PCR analyses revealed expression of the 3 known melatonin receptors , MT 1 ( Mel 1 ( a ) ) , MT 2 ( Mel 1 ( b ) ) , and Mel 1 ( c ) . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P49286 and P48039	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Five week old SCID mice in which natural killer ( NK ) cell activity had been eliminated were inoculated intraperitoneally with the HTLV 1 infected cell lines , TL Om 1 , MT 1 , MT 2 and HUT 102 . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P49286 and P48039	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Both MT 1 and MT 2 mRNA expression in the cultured MSCs with dexamethasone showed maximum levels at d 1 , whereas ALP and osteocalcin mRNAs peaked at d 12 . ^^^ The expression level of MT 2 mRNA at d 1 was 9 . 4 fold higher than that of MT 1 mRNA . ^^^ Finally , osteoblast differentiation and mineralization of MSCs at d 14 was inhibited by the addition of a common antisense oligonucleotide for both MT 1 and MT 2 in the culture medium during the first 4 d . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P49286 and P48039	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
We analyzed clock gene expression by in situ hybridization and compared wild type ( WT ) , melatonin 1 receptor knockout ( MT 1 ko ) , and melatonin 2 receptor knockout ( MT 2 ko ) mice . mPer 1 , mCry 1 , Clock , and Bmal 1 , but not mPer 2 and mCry 2 , were rhythmically expressed in the PT of WT and MT 2 ko mice . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P49286 and P48039	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Analysis of structure activity relationships for MT 2 selective antagonists by melatonin MT 1 and MT 2 receptor models . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P49286 and P48039	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
MT protein was measured using the MT silver saturation method and expression of MT 1 and MT 2 mRNA was measured by RT PCR . ^^^ Induction of MT gene expression was confirmed by increases in MT 1 and MT 2 mRNA levels 6 , 12 , and 18 h after IFN alpha administration . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P49286 and P48039	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Treatment of the cells with sulforaphane at non toxicity concentration ( 0 20 microM ) resulted in coordinate increases in the induction of MT 1 and MT 2 mRNA , followed by corresponding increases in MT protein expression . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P49286 and P48039	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Out of the three MTs , MT1A was more efficient than MT 2 and MT 3 in its resistance to cadmium ( 10 microM ) , and MT 3 together with zinc showed more cell growth inhibition than MT 1 and MT 2 . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P49286 and P48039	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
In the mouse suprachiasmatic nucleus ( SCN ) , melatonin activates MT 1 and MT 2 G protein coupled receptors , which are involved primarily in inhibition of neuronal firing and phase shift of circadian rhythms . ^^^ Taken together , these results suggest that melatonin mediated phase advances of circadian rhythms of neuronal firing in the SCN in vitro may involve activation of the MT 2 receptor while in vivo activation of the MT 1 and possibly the MT 2 receptor may be necessary for the expression of melatonin mediated phase shifts of overt circadian activity rhythms . . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P49286 and P48039	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
The antidepressant like effect of the melatonin receptor ligand luzindole in mice during forced swimming requires expression of MT 2 but not MT 1 melatonin receptors . ^^^ This study investigated the role melatonin receptors ( MT 1 and / or MT 2 ) may play in the effect of luzindole in the FST using C3H / HeN mice with a genetic deletion of either MT 1 ( MT1KO ) or MT 2 ( MT2KO ) melatonin receptors . ^^^ We conclude that the antidepressant like effect of luzindole may be mediated through blockade of MT 2 rather than MT 1 melatonin receptors . . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P49286 and P48039	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Changes in Knodell histological activity index ( HAI ) scores , MT protein levels ( immunohistochemistry ) , MT 1 and MT 2 messenger ( m ) RNA expression levels ( in situ hybridization ) and proliferating cell nuclear antigen ( PCNA ) labelling index were determined and compared in serial liver specimens . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P49286 and P48039	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Examination of phrenic nerve cross sections from MT 1 and MT 2 double knockout mice ( MT 1 , 2 KO ) showed a significant reduction ( P=0 . 0032 ) in the mean myelinated axons calibre compared to 129 / Sv wild type ( Wt ) counterparts . 3 . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P49286 and P48039	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
To address the relevance of melatonin to the maintenance of pregnancy at the feto maternal interface , we investigated the expression of two types of membrane melatonin receptors , MT 1 and MT 2 , as well as arylalkylamine N acetyltransferase ( AA NAT ) and hydroxyindole O methyltransferase ( HIOMT ) , the two enzymes required for the conversion of serotonin to melatonin , in the human placenta and the effect of melatonin on the release of human chorionic gonadotropin ( hCG ) from cultured human trophoblast cells . ^^^ RT PCR analysis and DNA sequencing revealed that transcripts of MT 1 , MT 2 , AA NAT , and HIOMT were present in the first trimester human placenta . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P49286 and P48039	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
In addition to upregulation of microglia / neuroinflammatory genes identified previously , we observed upregulation of metallothionein 1 and 2 ( MT 1 , MT 2 ) . ^^^ MT 1 and MT 2 play an important role in disposition of zinc ion , and other studies have also indicated their levels are altered in development of motor neuron disease in these animals . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P49286 and P48039	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Distribution profiles of metals in the soluble fraction of the liver of CeCl 3 treated mice analyzed by high performance liquid chromatography / inductively coupled argon plasma mass spectrometry ( HPLC / ICP MS ) demonstrated that the metal bound to MT 1 and MT 2 was zinc , but not cerium . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P49286 and P48039	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Functional MT 1 and MT 2 melatonin receptors in mammals . ^^^ This review describes well defined functional responses mediated through activation of high affinity MT 1 and MT 2 G protein coupled receptors viewed as potential targets for drug discovery . ^^^ The melatonin mediated responses elicited by activation of MT 1 and MT 2 native melatonin receptors are dependent on circadian time , duration and mode of exposure to endogenous or exogenous melatonin , and functional receptor sensitivity . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P49286 and P48039	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Renal expression of metallothionein 1 and 2 ( MT 1 , MT 2 ) and eNOS mRNA was assessed by Northern blot . ^^^ MT 1 and MT 2 mRNA levels in kidney were substantially increased during treatment with Cd , being even higher when the animals received Cd and quercetin . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P49286 and P48039	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
The top 20 differentially expressed genes included 10 genes ( Spp 1 , Cyp1b1 , Btg 1 , Cfh , Mt 1 , Mt 2 , Igfbp 5 , Gstm 1 , Gstm 2 , and Esr 1 ) implicated in various aspects of ovarian carcinomas , and other 3 genes ( Gsto 1 , Lcn 7 , and Alcam ) associated to breast cancer . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P49286 and P48039	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
These inhibitory actions of melatonin were lost in mice deficient in MT 2 receptors but not those deficient in MT 1 receptors . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P49286 and P48039	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Introducing a phenyl substituent in position 2 of the heterocyclic moiety significantly increased binding affinity to both the MT 1 and MT 2 receptors . ^^^ Shifting the methoxy group from position 5 to 2 of the 7a azaindole ring led to a substantial reduction of MT 1 binding when MT 2 recognition was maintained . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P49286 and P48039	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
In mammals , specific MT 1 and MT 2 receptors are located in the central nervous system , mainly in suprachiasmatic nuclei , and also in a number of peripheral sites . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P49286 and P48039	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Melatonin acts through a series of molecular targets : the G protein coupled receptors , MT 1 and MT 2 , and a third binding site , MT 3 , recently identified as the enzyme NRH : quinone oxydoreductase 2 ( QR 2 ) . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P49286 and P48039	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
MT 1 and MT 2 , the most widely expressed isoforms are generally coordinately regulated in all mammalian tissues ; MT 3 , is predominantly expressed in zinc ( Zn ) containing neurons of the hippocampus ; MT 4 is not expressed in brain tissue . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P49286 and P48039	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Variables analyzed were the hallux valgus ( HV ) angle , the distal metatarsal articular ( DMA ) angle , the proximal phalangeal articular ( PPA ) angle , the intermetatarsal ( IM ) angle , ratio of the lengths of the first and second metatarsal lengths ( MT 1 : MT 2 ) , and the first and second ray length ratio . ^^^ The MT 1 : MT 2 ratio was 0 . 89 , and the mean first ray to second ray length ratio was 0 . 87 . ^^^ The mean of the differences in the MT 1 : MT 2 and first and second ray length ratios in patients with fibrodysplasia ossificans progressiva compared to the normal controls were 0 . 05 and 0 . 01 , respectively . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P49286 and P48039	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Given the interaction between the pineal hormone , melatonin , and GABAergic systems in the central nervous system , the effects of VPA on the expression of the mammalian melatonin receptor subtypes , MT 1 and MT 2 , were examined in rat C 6 glioma cells . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P49286 and P48039	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
The effect of melatonin on sleep is the consequence of increasing sleep propensity ( by augmenting the amplitude of circadian clock oscillation via MT 1 receptors ) and of synchronizing the circadian clock via MT 2 receptors . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P49286 and P48039	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Based on slightly different and novel synthons compared to most of the compounds used in melatonin pharmacology studies , these compounds offer new perspective for the description of the melatonin pathways , so much more by not having any affinity towards the MT 1 and MT 2 ' classical ' melatonin receptors . . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P49286 and P48039	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
To determine the role of metallothionein in learning and memory , mice with deletions of two metallothionein genes ( MT 1 and MT 2 ) were trained on a win shift task in an 8 arm radial maze . ^^^ In contrast , the MT 1 / MT 2 null mice , which had a similar choice accuracy level at the beginning of training , showed a poorer rate of learning during the training period . ^^^ In addition , the MT 1 / MT 2 null mice showed significantly less choice accuracy than the parental strain . ^^^ The MT 1 / MT 2 null mice also showed a significant hypoactivity during the early and middle parts of acquisition training , but they were not different from the wildtype controls during the final phase of training . ^^^ Nicotine treatment , which can improve working memory , eliminated the impairment associated with the deletion of the MT 1 and MT 2 genes in a dose related fashion after acquisition training in the aging adult mice . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P49286 and P48039	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
The two enantiomers were separately tested as MT 1 and MT 2 ligands , and the ( + ) ( S ) 2 showed a potency comparable to that of melatonin and about three orders of magnitude greater than that of its enantiomer . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P49286 and P48039	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Disposition kinetics and tolerance of escalating single doses of ramelteon , a high affinity MT 1 and MT 2 melatonin receptor agonist indicated for treatment of insomnia . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P49286 and P48039	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Binding studies performed in vitro proved that agomelatine is a high affinity agonist at both the melatonin MT 1 and MT 2 receptor types . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P49286 and P48039	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
It is the first melatonergic antidepressant , and is a potent agonist of melatonin receptors ( MT 1 and MT 2 ) with 5 HT2C antagonist properties . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P49286 and P48039	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
To gain insight in this regard , we have evaluated whether a distant , most likely single domain MT ( Drosophila MTN ) functions similarly to mammalian MT 1 & 2 ( recombinant mouse MT 1 and human MT IIa and native rabbit MT 2 ) after cryogenic injury to the cortex in Mt 1 & 2 KO mice . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P49286 and P48039	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Synthesis , antioxidant activity and structure activity relationships for a new series of 2 ( N acylaminoethyl ) indoles with melatonin like cytoprotective activity . 5 Methoxy 2 ( N acetylaminoethyl ) indole ( 5d ) , a melatonin analogue derived from the transposition of the acetylaminoethyl side chain from C 3 to C 2 of the indole nucleus , had been previously characterized as a low affinity antagonist at MT 1 and MT 2 membrane receptors ; this molecule is endowed with good in vitro antioxidant and cytoprotective potency in rat cerebellar cell cultures , comparable to or better than those of melatonin . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P49286 and P48039	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
We recently found that MT 1 is involved in the metabolism or detoxification of toxic metals , such as cadmium ; on the other hand , MT 2 is responsible for the homeostasis of essential metals such as copper , in experimental models such as Long Evans Cinnamon ( LEC ) rats . ^^^ In order to device a better diagnostic method than the one we proposed previously , in this study , we newly propose an improved method that includes the discriminative determination data regarding the MT isomers , namely , MT 1 and MT 2 , in the liver of patients with or without HCC as compared with the total MT level . ^^^ In addition , in the juxta tumor portion with HCC , MT 1 concentrations were significantly higher than those of MT 2 . ^^^ In addition , MT 1 / MT 2 ratio in the tumor portion was significantly lower than that of the juxta tumor portion . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P49286 and P48039	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Both the ( 113 ) Cd NMR studies of ( 113 ) Cd ( 7 ) MT 4 and the spectroscopic characterization of Co ( 7 ) MT 4 showed that , similar to the classical MT 1 and MT 2 proteins , metal ions are organized in two independent Cd ( 4 ) Cys ( 11 ) and Cd ( 3 ) Cys ( 9 ) clusters with each metal ion tetrahedrally coordinated by terminal and bridging cysteine ligands . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P49286 and P48039	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
We also investigated the synthesis of MT and the levels of both MT 1 and MT 2 mRNAs . ^^^ After Zn and Zn + Cu exposure the expression of MT 1 and MT 2 isoforms increased with a concomitant increase in MT synthesis . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P49286 and P48039	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
In the present study , we designed experiments to separate and evaluate two isoforms of MT ( MT 1 and MT 2 ) in placentas of smokers and non smokers . ^^^ Two peaks eluting at 6 and 12 . 5 min , corresponding to MT 1 and MT 2 , respectively , were obtained . ^^^ Metallothionein present in both peaks was identified by Western blot analysis using a monoclonal antibody directed against MT 1 and MT 2 . ^^^ In placentas of smokers , MT 2 levels increased by seven fold compared to non smokers , whereas MT 1 was not changed . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P49286 and P48039	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
METHODS AND RESULTS : Results from RT PCR , western blotting and confocal microscopy demonstrated that the MT 1 , MT 2 and RORalpha 1 melatonin receptors are expressed in the human term placental tissues and in choriocarcinoma cell lines JEG 3 and BeWo . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P49286 and P48039	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
In addition , exogenous MT 1 or MT 2 injected intraperitoneally is able to promote similar effects as those of endogenous MT 1 + 2 , which indicates that MT 1 + 2 have both extra and intracellular actions . ^^^ As MT 1 and / or MT 2 compounds are well tolerated , they may provide a potential therapy for a range of brain disorders . . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P49286 and P48039	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
In humans , appropriate clinical trials confirm the efficacy of melatonin or melatoninergic agonists for the MT 1 and MT 2 receptor subtypes in circadian rhythm sleep disorders only . ^^^ Among these is a recently developed treatment concept for depression , which has been validated by the clinical efficacy of agomelatine , an agent having both MT 1 and MT 2 agonist and 5 HT2C antagonist activity . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P49286 and P48039	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
In mammals , the circadian hormone melatonin targets two seven transmembrane spanning receptors , MT 1 and MT 2 , of the G protein coupled receptor ( GPCR ) super family . ^^^ The formation of MT 1 and MT 2 homodimers and MT1 / MT2 heterodimers has been shown in heterologous expression systems at physiological expression levels . ^^^ Formation of MT1 / MT2 heterodimers remains to be shown in native tissues but is suggested by the documented co expression of MT 1 and MT 2 in many melatonin sensitive tissues , such as the hypothalamic suprachiasmatic nuclei , retina , arteries , and adipose tissue . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P49286 and P48039	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
To investigate heavy metal pollution in the freshwater environment , MT 1 and MT 2 were purified from livers of crucian carp ( Carassius carassius ) by gel exclusion chromatography and ion exchange chromatography . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P49286 and P48039	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Furthermore , autistic children harboured normal levels of anti MT , including antibodies to isoform MT 1 ( anti MT 1 ) and MT 2 ( anti MT 2 ) , without any significant difference between normal and autistic children . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P49286 and P48039	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
In brain , only mt 1 , mt 2 and c jun genes were up regulated after 21 days . ^^^ Then , after 21 days , the expression of almost every genes returned to basal levels while both mt 1 and mt 2 genes were up regulated . . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P49286 and P48039	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Ramelteon , a potent agonist for the melatonin MT 1 and MT 2 brain receptors , has recently been granted approval by the US FDA for the treatment of insomnia associated with sleep onset . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P49286 and P48039	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Clones of an initially unknown genotype belonging to three MTs ( MT 1 , MT 2 and MT 3 ) , characteristic of D . anser , were isolated from natural reservoirs and further used for crosses . ^^^ In other words , cells with mat1 / mat1 , mat1 / mat2 and mat1 / mat3 genotypes belong to MT 1 , those with mat2 / mat2 and mat2 / mat3 , and the mat3 / mat3 belong to MT 2 and MT 3 , respectively . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P49286 and P48039	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Servier , and US licensee Novartis AG , are developing the oral melatonin MT 1 and MT 2 agonist and 5 HT2B and 5 HT2C antagonist agomelatine as a once daily treatment for major depressive disorder ( MDD ) and its symptoms , particularly anxiety , and sleep and circadian disturbances . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P49286 and P48039	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
The actions of the pineal hormone melatonin depend on two types of membrane bound , G protein coupled receptors : the MT 1 ( Mel1a ) and MT 2 ( Mel1b ) melatonin receptors . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P49286 and P48039	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
CONTEXT : Ramelteon is a novel MT 1 and MT 2 melatonin receptor selective agonist recently approved for insomnia treatment . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P49286 and P48039	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
MT 1 and MT 2 are normally dramatically up regulated by neuroinflammation . ^^^ As expected , MT 1 and MT 2 immunostaining was dramatically increased in cells surrounding the plaques , consistent with astrocytosis and microgliosis , as well as the increased oxidative stress elicited by the amyloid deposits . ^^^ Overall , these and other studies strongly suggest specific roles for MT 1 , MT 2 , and MT 3 in brain physiology . . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P49286 and P48039	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
The polymorphism of MTNR1B located in 3 ' untranslated region ( rs 1562444 ) was selected for its higher rate of heterozygosity among other single nucleotide polymorphisms ( SNPs ) in both MTNR1A and MTNR1B genes and investigated in RA patients ( n = 173 ) and healthy controls ( n = 195 ) by polymerase chain reaction restriction fragment length polymorphism assay using NlaIII restriction enzyme . ^^^