| Interacting proteins: O00451 and P39905 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| NA |
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| Interacting proteins: O00451 and P39905 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| NA |
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| Interacting proteins: O00451 and P39905 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| NA |
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| Interacting proteins: O00451 and P39905 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| NA |
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| Interacting proteins: O00451 and P39905 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| NA |
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| Interacting proteins: O00451 and P39905 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| NA |
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| Interacting proteins: O00451 and P39905 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| NA |
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| Interacting proteins: O00451 and P39905 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| NA |
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| Interacting proteins: O00451 and P39905 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| NA |
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| Interacting proteins: O00451 and P39905 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| NA |
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| Interacting proteins: O00451 and P39905 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| NA |
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| Interacting proteins: O00451 and P39905 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| NA |
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| Interacting proteins: O00451 and P39905 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| NA |
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| Interacting proteins: O00451 and P39905 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| NA |
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| Interacting proteins: O00451 and P39905 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| NA |
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| Interacting proteins: O00451 and P39905 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| NA |
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| Interacting proteins: O00451 and P39905 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| NA |
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| Interacting proteins: O00451 and P39905 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| NA |
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| Interacting proteins: O00451 and P39905 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| NA |
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| Interacting proteins: O00451 and P39905 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| NA |
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| Interacting proteins: O00451 and P39905 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| NA |
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| Interacting proteins: O00451 and P39905 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| NA |
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| Interacting proteins: O00451 and P39905 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| NA |
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| Interacting proteins: O00451 and P39905 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| NA |
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| Interacting proteins: O00451 and P39905 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| NA |
|
| Interacting proteins: O00451 and P39905 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| NA |
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| Interacting proteins: O00451 and P39905 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| NA |
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| Interacting proteins: O00451 and P39905 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| NA |
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| Interacting proteins: O00451 and P39905 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| NA |
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| Interacting proteins: O00451 and P39905 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| NA |
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| Interacting proteins: O00451 and P39905 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| NA |
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| Interacting proteins: O00451 and P39905 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| NA |
|
| Interacting proteins: O00451 and P39905 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| NA |
|
| Interacting proteins: O00451 and P39905 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| NA |
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| Interacting proteins: O00451 and P39905 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| NA |
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| Interacting proteins: O00451 and P39905 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| NA |
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| Interacting proteins: O00451 and P39905 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| NA |
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| Interacting proteins: O00451 and P39905 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| NA |
|
| Interacting proteins: O00451 and P39905 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| NA |
|
| Interacting proteins: O00451 and P39905 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| NA |
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| Interacting proteins: O00451 and P39905 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| NA |
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| Interacting proteins: O00451 and P39905 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| NA |
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| Interacting proteins: O00451 and P39905 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| NA |
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| Interacting proteins: O00451 and P39905 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| NA |
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| Interacting proteins: O00451 and P39905 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| NA |
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| Interacting proteins: O00451 and P39905 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| NA |
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| Interacting proteins: O00451 and P39905 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| NA |
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| Interacting proteins: O00451 and P39905 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| NA |
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| Interacting proteins: O00451 and P39905 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| NA |
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| Interacting proteins: O00451 and P39905 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| NA |
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| Interacting proteins: O00451 and P39905 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| NA |
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| Interacting proteins: O00451 and P39905 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| NA |
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| Interacting proteins: O00451 and P39905 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| NA |
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| Interacting proteins: O00451 and P39905 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| NA |
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| Interacting proteins: O00451 and P39905 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| NA |
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| Interacting proteins: O00451 and P39905 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| NA |
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| Interacting proteins: O00451 and P39905 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| NA |
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| Interacting proteins: O00451 and P39905 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| NA |
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| Interacting proteins: O00451 and P39905 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| NA |
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| Interacting proteins: O00451 and P39905 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| NA |
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| Interacting proteins: O00451 and P39905 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| NA |
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| Interacting proteins: O00451 and P39905 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| NA |
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| Interacting proteins: O00451 and P39905 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| NA |
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| Interacting proteins: O00451 and P39905 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| NA |
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| Interacting proteins: O00451 and P39905 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| NA |
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| Interacting proteins: O00451 and P39905 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| NA |
|
| Interacting proteins: O00451 and P39905 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| NA |
|
| Interacting proteins: O00451 and P39905 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| NA |
|
| Interacting proteins: O00451 and P39905 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| NA |
|
| Interacting proteins: O00451 and P39905 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| NA |
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| Interacting proteins: O00451 and P39905 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| NA |
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| Interacting proteins: O00451 and P39905 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| NA |
|
| Interacting proteins: O00451 and P39905 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| NA |
|
| Interacting proteins: O00451 and P39905 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| NA |
|
| Interacting proteins: O00451 and P39905 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| NA |
|
| Interacting proteins: O00451 and P39905 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| NA |
|
| Interacting proteins: O00451 and P39905 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| NA |
|
| Interacting proteins: O00451 and P39905 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| NA |
|
| Interacting proteins: O00451 and P39905 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.57598669 |
| NTN and GDNF are thought to bind with different affinities to the GDNF family receptor alpha 2 ( GFRalpha 2 ) , and can activate the same multi component receptor system consisting of GFRalpha 2 , receptor tyrosine kinase Ret ( RET ) and NCAM . 0.57598669^^^ |
|
| Interacting proteins: O00451 and P39905 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.81515346 |
| In vitro binding experiments with soluble forms of RET , RETL 1 and RETL 2 demonstrate that while RETL 1 binds GDNF tightly to form a membrane associated complex which can then interact with RET , RETL 2 only forms a high affinity complex with GDNF in the presence of RET . 0.81515346^^^ |
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| Interacting proteins: O00451 and P39905 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| Alimentary tract innervation deficits and dysfunction in mice lacking GDNF family receptor alpha 2 . ^^^ |
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| Interacting proteins: O00451 and P39905 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| One of these factors , neurturin , is expressed in the epidermis , whereas its GDNF family receptor alpha 2 ( GFRalpha 2 ) is expressed in the majority of unmyelinated Ret positive sensory neurons . ^^^ |
|
| Interacting proteins: O00451 and P39905 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| Glial cell line derived neurotrophic factor ( GDNF ) , neurturin ( NTN ) , and their receptors , GDNF family receptor alpha 1 ( GFRalpha 1 ) and GDNF family receptor alpha 2 ( GFRalpha 2 ) , are critically important for kidney and nervous system development . ^^^ Glial cell line derived neurotrophic factor ( GDNF ) , neurturin ( NTN ) , and their receptors , GDNF family receptor alpha 1 ( GFRalpha 1 ) and GDNF family receptor alpha 2 ( GFRalpha 2 ) , are critically important for kidney and nervous system development . ^^^ |
|
| Interacting proteins: O00451 and P39905 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| Neurturin ( NRTN ) , signalling via the GDNF family receptor alpha 2 ( GFRalpha 2 ) and Ret tyrosine kinase , has recently been identified as an essential target derived factor for many parasympathetic neurons . ^^^ |
|
| Interacting proteins: O00451 and P39905 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| The GDNF family receptor alpha 2 ( GFR alpha 2 ) is the preferred receptor for NTN . ^^^ |
|
| Interacting proteins: O00451 and P39905 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| The preferred receptor for NTN is the GDNF family receptor alpha 2 ( GFRalpha 2 ) . ^^^ |
|
| Interacting proteins: O00451 and P39905 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| Virtually all neurons in the cardiac parasympathetic ganglia exhibited the cholinergic phenotype , and over 90 % of these cells contained both components of the NRTN receptor , Ret tyrosine kinase and GDNF family receptor alpha 2 ( GFRalpha 2 ) . ^^^ |
|
| Interacting proteins: O00451 and P39905 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| Similarly to GDNFR alpha , GDNFR beta mediates GDNF induced Ret autophosphorylation in transfected cells . ^^^ The distinct tissue distribution of GDNFR beta mRNA and its ability to mediate GDNF signal in transfected cells suggest a role in signal transduction of GDNF and , possibly , related neurotrophic factors in vivo . . ^^^ |
|
| Interacting proteins: O00451 and P39905 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| Neurturin and glial cell line derived neurotrophic factor receptor beta ( GDNFR beta ) , novel proteins related to GDNF and GDNFR alpha with specific cellular patterns of expression suggesting roles in the developing and adult nervous system and in peripheral organs . ^^^ In situ hybridization was then used to map cellular expression of the GDNF related trophic factor neurturin ( NTN ) and GDNFR beta mRNA in developing and adult mice , and comparisons with GDNFR alpha and RET were made . ^^^ Although NTN and GDNFR beta expression patterns are sometimes complementary , this is not always the case , suggesting multiple modi operandi of GDNF and NTN in relation to RET and the two binding proteins , GDNFR alpha and GDNFR beta . . ^^^ Cloning strategies were used to identify a gene termed glial cell line derived neurotrophic factor receptor beta ( GDNFR beta ) related to GDNFR alpha . ^^^ |
|
| Interacting proteins: O00451 and P39905 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| Treatment with GDNF of PC 12 cells transfected with the GDNFR beta gene activated mitogen activated protein kinase ( MAPK ) and elicited neurite outgrowth . ^^^ GDNFR alpha and GDNFR beta together form a new family of GPI linked receptors for GDNF like molecules . . ^^^ |
|
| Interacting proteins: O00451 and P39905 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| We report here the identification of a gene , termed GFRalpha 3 ( glial cell line derived neurotrophic factor family receptor alpha 3 ) , related to GFRalpha 1 and GFRalpha 2 ( also known as GDNFR alpha and GDNFR beta ) , and describe distribution of GDNFalpha 3 in the nervous system and other parts of the mouse body during development and in the adult . ^^^ |
|
| Interacting proteins: O00451 and P39905 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| OBJECTIVE : To investigate the expression of glial cell derived neurotrophic factor ( GDNF ) and its receptor GDNFR alpha ( GFRalpha 1 ) and GDNFR beta ( Ret ) genes and the effects of muscarinic receptor antagonists , NMDA receptor antagonist , inhibitor of nitric oxide synthase on the expression of these genes in the spinal cord , brainstem and frontal cortex during morphine withdrawal , and to observe the effects of GDNF antisense oligoneucleotide ( i . c . v ) on the morphine withdrawal symptoms in rats . ^^^ METHODS : The levels of GDNF , GDNFR alpha and GDNFR beta mRNA were assayed by reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction ( RT PCR ) with the beta actin mRNA as an internal control . ^^^ RESULTS : The GDNF mRNA levels were increased , and GDNFR alpha and GDNFR beta mRNA levels was slightly increased in the spinal cord and brainstem during morphine dependence . ^^^ While the GDNF , GDNFR alpha and GDNFR beta levels in the frontal cortex were increased significantly at 1 , 2 and 4 h after the injection of naloxone during morphine withdrawal . ^^^ The pre treatment with L N nitric arginine methylester ( 10 mg / kg ) , the expressions of GDNF and GDNFR beta in the spinal cord , both GDNFR alpha and GDNFR beta in the frontal cortex were decreased . ^^^ |
|
| Interacting proteins: O00451 and P39905 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| Recently , glial cell line derived neurotrophic factor ( GDNF ) and a second family member , neurturin ( NTN ) , have been found to mediate their signals by binding to a heterotetrameric complex of c Ret tyrosine kinase receptors and glycosylphosphatidylinositol linked proteins , GFR alpha 1 ( GDNFR alpha ) or GFR alpha 2 ( TrnR2 / GDNFR beta / NTNR alpha / RETL2 ) . ^^^ Here , we studied the effect of GDNF and NTN on human neuroblastomas in the short term primary culture system , as well as the expression of c Ret , GFR alpha 1 , GFR alpha 2 , GDNF , and NTN . ^^^ Many primary neuroblastomas expressed c Ret , GFR alpha 1 , and GFR alpha 2 as well as their ligands , GDNF and NTN , suggesting the presence of a paracrine or autocrine signaling system within the tumor tissue . ^^^ These imply that the GDNF ( NTN ) / c Ret / GFR alpha 1 ( GFR alpha 2 ) signaling may have an important role in regulating the growth , differentiation , and cell death of neuroblastomas . . ^^^ Glial cell line derived neurotrophic factor / neurturin induced differentiation and its enhancement by retinoic acid in primary human neuroblastomas expressing c Ret , GFR alpha 1 , and GFR alpha 2 . ^^^ |
|
| Interacting proteins: O00451 and P39905 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| Using chemical crosslinking we demonstrate here a specific interaction between GDNF and GFR alpha 2 expressed in COS cells , albeit of a lower affinity than the one between GDNF and GFR alpha 1 . ^^^ In addition , GFR alpha 2 mediated crosslinking of GDNF of c Ret as well as ligand dependent stimulation of c Ret tyrosine phosphorylation . ^^^ Thus , all three GFR alpha receptors mediate GDNF binding to c Ret with efficiencies GFR alpha 1 > GFR alpha 2 > GFR alpha 3 . c Ret showed high levels of constitutive tyrosine autophosphorylation upon overexpression in COS cells , which was inhibited in a dose dependent manner by coexpression with any of the GFR alpha receptors , suggesting that GFR alpha s may also provide a gain control mechanism to increase the signal to noise ratio of the response to ligand . ^^^ |
|
| Interacting proteins: O00451 and P39905 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| Glial cell line derived neurotrophic factor ( GDNF ) signals through a receptor complex composed of the Ret tyrosine kinase and a glycosylphosphatidylinositol ( GPI ) anchored cell surface coreceptor , either GDNF family receptor alpha 1 ( GFR alpha 1 ) or GFR alpha 2 . ^^^ Glial cell line derived neurotrophic factor ( GDNF ) signals through a receptor complex composed of the Ret tyrosine kinase and a glycosylphosphatidylinositol ( GPI ) anchored cell surface coreceptor , either GDNF family receptor alpha 1 ( GFR alpha 1 ) or GFR alpha 2 . ^^^ |
|
| Interacting proteins: O00451 and P39905 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| GDNF and neurturin signal through multicomponent receptors that consist of the Ret receptor tyrosine kinase and one of two structurally related glycosyl phosphatidylinositol ( GPI ) linked ligand binding subunits : GFR alpha 1 is the preferred ligand binding subunit for GDNF , and GFR alpha 2 is the preferred ligand binding subunit for neurturin . ^^^ |
|
| Interacting proteins: O00451 and P39905 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| Glial cell line derived neurotrophic factor ( GDNF ) and a related protein , neurturin ( NTN ) , require a GPI linked coreceptor , either GFR alpha 1 or GFR alpha 2 , for signaling via the transmembrane Ret tyrosine kinase . ^^^ Glial cell line derived neurotrophic factor ( GDNF ) and a related protein , neurturin ( NTN ) , require a GPI linked coreceptor , either GFR alpha 1 or GFR alpha 2 , for signaling via the transmembrane Ret tyrosine kinase . ^^^ |
|
| Interacting proteins: O00451 and P39905 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| GDNF binds preferentially to GFR alpha 1 , NTN GFR alpha 2 , ART GRF alpha 3 , and PSP GFR alpha 4 as a co receptor to activate Ret . ^^^ |
|
| Interacting proteins: O00451 and P39905 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| Tissue distributions of their respective receptors , GFR alpha 1 and GFR alpha 2 , reveal overlapping but distinct patterns of expression , which implies that the in vivo actions of GDNF and NTN may be different . ^^^ |
|
| Interacting proteins: O00451 and P39905 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| They exert their biological effects by activating the RET tyrosine kinase in the presence of a GPI linked coreceptor , either GFR alpha 1 ( considered to be the favored coreceptor for GDNF ) or GFR alpha 2 ( the preferred NTN coreceptor ) . ^^^ |
|
| Interacting proteins: O00451 and P39905 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| Messenger RNA species only expressed at detectable levels in fetal but not adult spinal cord tissues included GDNF , GFR alpha 2 , NT 3 , and p 75 . ^^^ |
|
| Interacting proteins: O00451 and P39905 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| This study was conducted to determine whether neurotrophic factor receptors ( tyrosine kinase receptors trkA , trkB , and trkC ; low affinity neurotrophin [ NT ] receptor p 75 [ p 75 ( NTR ) ] ; glial cell line derived neurotrophic factor receptor alpha 1 [ GFR alpha 1 ] and GFR alpha 2 ; and Ret ) are involved in the formation of ERMs after PDR . ^^^ |
|
| Interacting proteins: O00451 and P39905 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| GDNF labelling was mainly found in embryonic day 4 5 retina but weak labelling could also be found over scattered retinal cells at later stages . c ret labelling was found over ganglion cells , amacrine and horizontal cells ; the preferred GDNF receptor ( GFR alpha 1 ) over amacrine and horizontal cells ; and the less preferred GDNF receptor ( GFR alpha 2 ) over ganglion cells , amacrine cells and photoreceptors . . ^^^ |
|
| Interacting proteins: O00451 and P39905 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| Glial cell line derived neurotrophic factor family receptor alpha 2 ( GFR alpha 2 ) is a GPI linked receptor that preferentially binds neurturin ( NTN ) , a member of the glial cell line derived neurotrophic factor ( GDNF ) family . ^^^ Glial cell line derived neurotrophic factor family receptor alpha 2 ( GFR alpha 2 ) is a GPI linked receptor that preferentially binds neurturin ( NTN ) , a member of the glial cell line derived neurotrophic factor ( GDNF ) family . ^^^ |
|
| Interacting proteins: O00451 and P39905 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| About 50 , 20 , and 20 % of DRG neurons expressed GDNF family receptor alpha 1 ( GFR alpha 1 ) , GFR alpha 2 , and GFR alpha 3 mRNAs , respectively , and most of these neurons were positive to c ret mRNA . ^^^ |
|
| Interacting proteins: O00451 and P39905 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| We found that Xenopus RETECD was unable to bind to GDNF GFR alpha 1 or neurturin ( NTN ) GFR alpha 2 complexes of mammalian origin . ^^^ |
|
| Interacting proteins: O00451 and P39905 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| Sympathetic cholinergic target innervation requires GDNF family receptor GFR alpha 2 . ^^^ |
|
| Interacting proteins: O00451 and P39905 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| When grown as spheres , these cells expressed mRNAs for GDNF , persephin , GFR alpha 2 , GFR alpha 4 ( neurturin receptor ) , and Ret . ^^^ |
|
| Interacting proteins: O00451 and P39905 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| GDNF and NTN signaling is mediated by a two component receptor : a signal transducing component , RET , which is shared by both ligands , and a ligand specific binding component , GFR alpha 1 ( higher GDNF affinity ) or GFR alpha 2 ( higher NTN affinity ) . ^^^ |
|
| Interacting proteins: O00451 and P39905 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| We further demonstrate that NTNR alpha binds NTN ( K [ d ] approximately 10 pM ) but not GDNF with high affinity ; that GDNFR alpha binds to GDNF but not NTN with high affinity ; and that cellular responses to NTN require the presence of NTNR alpha . ^^^ |
|
| Interacting proteins: O00451 and P39905 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| By using microinjection to introduce expression plasmids into neurons , we show that coexpression of NTNR alpha with Ret confers a survival response to neurturin but not GDNF , and that coexpression of GDNFR alpha with Ret confers a survival response to GDNF but not neurturin . ^^^ |
|
| Interacting proteins: O00451 and P39905 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| Surprisingly , Gfra 2 ( / ) motoneurons showed normal survival responses to both GDNF and NTN . ^^^ |
|
| Interacting proteins: O00451 and P39905 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| Both gfra1a and gfra1b as well as ret are expressed at this time , while gfra 2 expression , the receptor component that binds the GDNF related ligand neurturin , is not detected until the precursors have migrated along the gut . ^^^ |
|
| Interacting proteins: O00451 and P39905 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| Neurturin is a neurotrophic factor that is widely expressed in cavernous tissue and retrogradely transported to penis projecting neurons via its receptor , glial cell line derived neurotrophic factor family receptor alpha 2 ( GFRa 2 ) . ^^^ |
|
| Interacting proteins: O00451 and P39905 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| TrnR 2 , a novel receptor that mediates neurturin and GDNF signaling through Ret . ^^^ TrnR 2 is attached to the cell surface via a GPI linkage , and can mediate both NTN and GDNF signaling through Ret in vitro . ^^^ Fibroblasts expressing TrnR 2 and Ret are approximately 30 fold more sensitive to NTN than to GDNF treatment , whereas those expressing TrnR 1 and Ret respond equivalently to both factors , suggesting the TrnR 2 Ret complex acts preferentially as a receptor for NTN . ^^^ Comparative analysis of TrnR 1 , TrnR 2 , and Ret expression indicates that multiple receptor complexes , capable of mediating GDNF and NTN signaling , exist in vivo . . ^^^ |
|
| Interacting proteins: P39905 and O00451 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.81515346 |
| In vitro binding experiments with soluble forms of RET , RETL 1 and RETL 2 demonstrate that while RETL 1 binds GDNF tightly to form a membrane associated complex which can then interact with RET , RETL 2 only forms a high affinity complex with GDNF in the presence of RET . 0.81515346^^^ |
|
| Interacting proteins: P39905 and O00451 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.57598669 |
| NTN and GDNF are thought to bind with different affinities to the GDNF family receptor alpha 2 ( GFRalpha 2 ) , and can activate the same multi component receptor system consisting of GFRalpha 2 , receptor tyrosine kinase Ret ( RET ) and NCAM . 0.57598669^^^ |
|
| Interacting proteins: P39905 and O00451 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| Neurturin and glial cell line derived neurotrophic factor receptor beta ( GDNFR beta ) , novel proteins related to GDNF and GDNFR alpha with specific cellular patterns of expression suggesting roles in the developing and adult nervous system and in peripheral organs . ^^^ Cloning strategies were used to identify a gene termed glial cell line derived neurotrophic factor receptor beta ( GDNFR beta ) related to GDNFR alpha . ^^^ |
|
| Interacting proteins: P39905 and O00451 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| Glial cell line derived neurotrophic factor / neurturin induced differentiation and its enhancement by retinoic acid in primary human neuroblastomas expressing c Ret , GFR alpha 1 , and GFR alpha 2 . ^^^ Recently , glial cell line derived neurotrophic factor ( GDNF ) and a second family member , neurturin ( NTN ) , have been found to mediate their signals by binding to a heterotetrameric complex of c Ret tyrosine kinase receptors and glycosylphosphatidylinositol linked proteins , GFR alpha 1 ( GDNFR alpha ) or GFR alpha 2 ( TrnR2 / GDNFR beta / NTNR alpha / RETL2 ) . ^^^ |
|
| Interacting proteins: P39905 and O00451 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| Glial cell line derived neurotrophic factor ( GDNF ) signals through a receptor complex composed of the Ret tyrosine kinase and a glycosylphosphatidylinositol ( GPI ) anchored cell surface coreceptor , either GDNF family receptor alpha 1 ( GFR alpha 1 ) or GFR alpha 2 . ^^^ |
|
| Interacting proteins: P39905 and O00451 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| We report here the identification of a gene , termed GFRalpha 3 ( glial cell line derived neurotrophic factor family receptor alpha 3 ) , related to GFRalpha 1 and GFRalpha 2 ( also known as GDNFR alpha and GDNFR beta ) , and describe distribution of GDNFalpha 3 in the nervous system and other parts of the mouse body during development and in the adult . ^^^ |
|
| Interacting proteins: P39905 and O00451 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| Glial cell line derived neurotrophic factor ( GDNF ) and a related protein , neurturin ( NTN ) , require a GPI linked coreceptor , either GFR alpha 1 or GFR alpha 2 , for signaling via the transmembrane Ret tyrosine kinase . ^^^ |
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| Interacting proteins: P39905 and O00451 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| Glial cell line derived neurotrophic factor ( GDNF ) , neurturin ( NTN ) , and their receptors , GDNF family receptor alpha 1 ( GFRalpha 1 ) and GDNF family receptor alpha 2 ( GFRalpha 2 ) , are critically important for kidney and nervous system development . ^^^ |
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| Interacting proteins: P39905 and O00451 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| This study was conducted to determine whether neurotrophic factor receptors ( tyrosine kinase receptors trkA , trkB , and trkC ; low affinity neurotrophin [ NT ] receptor p 75 [ p 75 ( NTR ) ] ; glial cell line derived neurotrophic factor receptor alpha 1 [ GFR alpha 1 ] and GFR alpha 2 ; and Ret ) are involved in the formation of ERMs after PDR . ^^^ |
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| Interacting proteins: P39905 and O00451 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| Glial cell line derived neurotrophic factor family receptor alpha 2 ( GFR alpha 2 ) is a GPI linked receptor that preferentially binds neurturin ( NTN ) , a member of the glial cell line derived neurotrophic factor ( GDNF ) family . ^^^ |
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| Interacting proteins: P39905 and O00451 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| Neurturin is a neurotrophic factor that is widely expressed in cavernous tissue and retrogradely transported to penis projecting neurons via its receptor , glial cell line derived neurotrophic factor family receptor alpha 2 ( GFRa 2 ) . ^^^ |
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| Interacting proteins: P39905 and O00451 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| Similarly to GDNFR alpha , GDNFR beta mediates GDNF induced Ret autophosphorylation in transfected cells . ^^^ The distinct tissue distribution of GDNFR beta mRNA and its ability to mediate GDNF signal in transfected cells suggest a role in signal transduction of GDNF and , possibly , related neurotrophic factors in vivo . . ^^^ |
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| Interacting proteins: P39905 and O00451 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| Treatment with GDNF of PC 12 cells transfected with the GDNFR beta gene activated mitogen activated protein kinase ( MAPK ) and elicited neurite outgrowth . ^^^ GDNFR alpha and GDNFR beta together form a new family of GPI linked receptors for GDNF like molecules . . ^^^ |
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| Interacting proteins: P39905 and O00451 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| Using chemical crosslinking we demonstrate here a specific interaction between GDNF and GFR alpha 2 expressed in COS cells , albeit of a lower affinity than the one between GDNF and GFR alpha 1 . ^^^ In addition , GFR alpha 2 mediated crosslinking of GDNF of c Ret as well as ligand dependent stimulation of c Ret tyrosine phosphorylation . ^^^ Thus , all three GFR alpha receptors mediate GDNF binding to c Ret with efficiencies GFR alpha 1 > GFR alpha 2 > GFR alpha 3 . c Ret showed high levels of constitutive tyrosine autophosphorylation upon overexpression in COS cells , which was inhibited in a dose dependent manner by coexpression with any of the GFR alpha receptors , suggesting that GFR alpha s may also provide a gain control mechanism to increase the signal to noise ratio of the response to ligand . ^^^ |
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| Interacting proteins: P39905 and O00451 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| GDNF and neurturin signal through multicomponent receptors that consist of the Ret receptor tyrosine kinase and one of two structurally related glycosyl phosphatidylinositol ( GPI ) linked ligand binding subunits : GFR alpha 1 is the preferred ligand binding subunit for GDNF , and GFR alpha 2 is the preferred ligand binding subunit for neurturin . ^^^ |
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| Interacting proteins: P39905 and O00451 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| TrnR 2 , a novel receptor that mediates neurturin and GDNF signaling through Ret . ^^^ TrnR 2 is attached to the cell surface via a GPI linkage , and can mediate both NTN and GDNF signaling through Ret in vitro . ^^^ Fibroblasts expressing TrnR 2 and Ret are approximately 30 fold more sensitive to NTN than to GDNF treatment , whereas those expressing TrnR 1 and Ret respond equivalently to both factors , suggesting the TrnR 2 Ret complex acts preferentially as a receptor for NTN . ^^^ Comparative analysis of TrnR 1 , TrnR 2 , and Ret expression indicates that multiple receptor complexes , capable of mediating GDNF and NTN signaling , exist in vivo . . ^^^ |
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| Interacting proteins: P39905 and O00451 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| We further demonstrate that NTNR alpha binds NTN ( K [ d ] approximately 10 pM ) but not GDNF with high affinity ; that GDNFR alpha binds to GDNF but not NTN with high affinity ; and that cellular responses to NTN require the presence of NTNR alpha . ^^^ |
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| Interacting proteins: P39905 and O00451 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| By using microinjection to introduce expression plasmids into neurons , we show that coexpression of NTNR alpha with Ret confers a survival response to neurturin but not GDNF , and that coexpression of GDNFR alpha with Ret confers a survival response to GDNF but not neurturin . ^^^ |
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| Interacting proteins: P39905 and O00451 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| Tissue distributions of their respective receptors , GFR alpha 1 and GFR alpha 2 , reveal overlapping but distinct patterns of expression , which implies that the in vivo actions of GDNF and NTN may be different . ^^^ |
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| Interacting proteins: P39905 and O00451 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| Surprisingly , Gfra 2 ( / ) motoneurons showed normal survival responses to both GDNF and NTN . ^^^ |
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| Interacting proteins: P39905 and O00451 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| Neurturin ( NRTN ) , signalling via the GDNF family receptor alpha 2 ( GFRalpha 2 ) and Ret tyrosine kinase , has recently been identified as an essential target derived factor for many parasympathetic neurons . ^^^ |
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| Interacting proteins: P39905 and O00451 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| They exert their biological effects by activating the RET tyrosine kinase in the presence of a GPI linked coreceptor , either GFR alpha 1 ( considered to be the favored coreceptor for GDNF ) or GFR alpha 2 ( the preferred NTN coreceptor ) . ^^^ |
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| Interacting proteins: P39905 and O00451 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| GDNF binds preferentially to GFR alpha 1 , NTN GFR alpha 2 , ART GRF alpha 3 , and PSP GFR alpha 4 as a co receptor to activate Ret . ^^^ |
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| Interacting proteins: P39905 and O00451 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| Messenger RNA species only expressed at detectable levels in fetal but not adult spinal cord tissues included GDNF , GFR alpha 2 , NT 3 , and p 75 . ^^^ |
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| Interacting proteins: P39905 and O00451 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| OBJECTIVE : To investigate the expression of glial cell derived neurotrophic factor ( GDNF ) and its receptor GDNFR alpha ( GFRalpha 1 ) and GDNFR beta ( Ret ) genes and the effects of muscarinic receptor antagonists , NMDA receptor antagonist , inhibitor of nitric oxide synthase on the expression of these genes in the spinal cord , brainstem and frontal cortex during morphine withdrawal , and to observe the effects of GDNF antisense oligoneucleotide ( i . c . v ) on the morphine withdrawal symptoms in rats . ^^^ METHODS : The levels of GDNF , GDNFR alpha and GDNFR beta mRNA were assayed by reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction ( RT PCR ) with the beta actin mRNA as an internal control . ^^^ RESULTS : The GDNF mRNA levels were increased , and GDNFR alpha and GDNFR beta mRNA levels was slightly increased in the spinal cord and brainstem during morphine dependence . ^^^ While the GDNF , GDNFR alpha and GDNFR beta levels in the frontal cortex were increased significantly at 1 , 2 and 4 h after the injection of naloxone during morphine withdrawal . ^^^ The pre treatment with L N nitric arginine methylester ( 10 mg / kg ) , the expressions of GDNF and GDNFR beta in the spinal cord , both GDNFR alpha and GDNFR beta in the frontal cortex were decreased . ^^^ |
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| Interacting proteins: P39905 and O00451 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| The GDNF family receptor alpha 2 ( GFR alpha 2 ) is the preferred receptor for NTN . ^^^ |
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| Interacting proteins: P39905 and O00451 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| GDNF labelling was mainly found in embryonic day 4 5 retina but weak labelling could also be found over scattered retinal cells at later stages . c ret labelling was found over ganglion cells , amacrine and horizontal cells ; the preferred GDNF receptor ( GFR alpha 1 ) over amacrine and horizontal cells ; and the less preferred GDNF receptor ( GFR alpha 2 ) over ganglion cells , amacrine cells and photoreceptors . . ^^^ |
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| Interacting proteins: P39905 and O00451 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| About 50 , 20 , and 20 % of DRG neurons expressed GDNF family receptor alpha 1 ( GFR alpha 1 ) , GFR alpha 2 , and GFR alpha 3 mRNAs , respectively , and most of these neurons were positive to c ret mRNA . ^^^ |
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| Interacting proteins: P39905 and O00451 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| The preferred receptor for NTN is the GDNF family receptor alpha 2 ( GFRalpha 2 ) . ^^^ |
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| Interacting proteins: P39905 and O00451 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| Alimentary tract innervation deficits and dysfunction in mice lacking GDNF family receptor alpha 2 . ^^^ |
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| Interacting proteins: P39905 and O00451 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| We found that Xenopus RETECD was unable to bind to GDNF GFR alpha 1 or neurturin ( NTN ) GFR alpha 2 complexes of mammalian origin . ^^^ |
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| Interacting proteins: P39905 and O00451 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| Both gfra1a and gfra1b as well as ret are expressed at this time , while gfra 2 expression , the receptor component that binds the GDNF related ligand neurturin , is not detected until the precursors have migrated along the gut . ^^^ |
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| Interacting proteins: P39905 and O00451 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| Sympathetic cholinergic target innervation requires GDNF family receptor GFR alpha 2 . ^^^ |
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| Interacting proteins: P39905 and O00451 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| When grown as spheres , these cells expressed mRNAs for GDNF , persephin , GFR alpha 2 , GFR alpha 4 ( neurturin receptor ) , and Ret . ^^^ |
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| Interacting proteins: P39905 and O00451 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| GDNF and NTN signaling is mediated by a two component receptor : a signal transducing component , RET , which is shared by both ligands , and a ligand specific binding component , GFR alpha 1 ( higher GDNF affinity ) or GFR alpha 2 ( higher NTN affinity ) . ^^^ |
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| Interacting proteins: P39905 and O00451 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| One of these factors , neurturin , is expressed in the epidermis , whereas its GDNF family receptor alpha 2 ( GFRalpha 2 ) is expressed in the majority of unmyelinated Ret positive sensory neurons . ^^^ |
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| Interacting proteins: P39905 and O00451 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| Virtually all neurons in the cardiac parasympathetic ganglia exhibited the cholinergic phenotype , and over 90 % of these cells contained both components of the NRTN receptor , Ret tyrosine kinase and GDNF family receptor alpha 2 ( GFRalpha 2 ) . ^^^ |
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| Interacting proteins: P39905 and O00451 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| NA |
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| Interacting proteins: P39905 and O00451 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| NA |
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| Interacting proteins: P39905 and O00451 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| NA |
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| Interacting proteins: P39905 and O00451 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| NA |
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| Interacting proteins: P39905 and O00451 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| NA |
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| Interacting proteins: P39905 and O00451 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| NA |
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| Interacting proteins: P39905 and O00451 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| NA |
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| Interacting proteins: P39905 and O00451 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| NA |
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| Interacting proteins: P39905 and O00451 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| NA |
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| Interacting proteins: P39905 and O00451 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| NA |
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| Interacting proteins: P39905 and O00451 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| NA |
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| Interacting proteins: P39905 and O00451 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| NA |
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| Interacting proteins: P39905 and O00451 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| NA |
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| Interacting proteins: P39905 and O00451 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| NA |
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| Interacting proteins: P39905 and O00451 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| NA |
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| Interacting proteins: P39905 and O00451 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| NA |
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| Interacting proteins: P39905 and O00451 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| NA |
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| Interacting proteins: P39905 and O00451 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| NA |
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| Interacting proteins: P39905 and O00451 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| NA |
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| Interacting proteins: P39905 and O00451 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| NA |
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| Interacting proteins: P39905 and O00451 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| NA |
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| Interacting proteins: P39905 and O00451 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| NA |
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| Interacting proteins: P39905 and O00451 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| NA |
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| Interacting proteins: P39905 and O00451 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| NA |
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| Interacting proteins: P39905 and O00451 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| NA |
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| Interacting proteins: P39905 and O00451 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| NA |
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| Interacting proteins: P39905 and O00451 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| NA |
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| Interacting proteins: P39905 and O00451 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| NA |
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| Interacting proteins: P39905 and O00451 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| NA |
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| Interacting proteins: P39905 and O00451 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| NA |
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| Interacting proteins: P39905 and O00451 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| NA |
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| Interacting proteins: P39905 and O00451 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| NA |
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| Interacting proteins: P39905 and O00451 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| NA |
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| Interacting proteins: P39905 and O00451 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| NA |
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| Interacting proteins: P39905 and O00451 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| NA |
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| Interacting proteins: P39905 and O00451 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| NA |
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| Interacting proteins: P39905 and O00451 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| NA |
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| Interacting proteins: P39905 and O00451 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| NA |
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| Interacting proteins: P39905 and O00451 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| NA |
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| Interacting proteins: P39905 and O00451 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| NA |
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| Interacting proteins: P39905 and O00451 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| NA |
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| Interacting proteins: P39905 and O00451 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| NA |
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| Interacting proteins: P39905 and O00451 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| NA |
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| Interacting proteins: P39905 and O00451 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| NA |
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| Interacting proteins: P39905 and O00451 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| NA |
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| Interacting proteins: P39905 and O00451 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| NA |
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| Interacting proteins: P39905 and O00451 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| NA |
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| Interacting proteins: P39905 and O00451 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| NA |
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| Interacting proteins: P39905 and O00451 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| NA |
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| Interacting proteins: P39905 and O00451 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| NA |
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| Interacting proteins: P39905 and O00451 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| NA |
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| Interacting proteins: P39905 and O00451 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| NA |
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| Interacting proteins: P39905 and O00451 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| NA |
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| Interacting proteins: P39905 and O00451 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| NA |
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| Interacting proteins: P39905 and O00451 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| NA |
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| Interacting proteins: P39905 and O00451 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| NA |
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| Interacting proteins: P39905 and O00451 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| NA |
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| Interacting proteins: P39905 and O00451 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| NA |
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| Interacting proteins: P39905 and O00451 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| NA |
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| Interacting proteins: P39905 and O00451 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| NA |
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| Interacting proteins: P39905 and O00451 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| NA |
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| Interacting proteins: P39905 and O00451 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| NA |
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| Interacting proteins: P39905 and O00451 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| NA |
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| Interacting proteins: P39905 and O00451 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| NA |
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| Interacting proteins: P39905 and O00451 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| NA |
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| Interacting proteins: P39905 and O00451 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| NA |
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| Interacting proteins: P39905 and O00451 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| NA |
|
| Interacting proteins: P39905 and O00451 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| NA |
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| Interacting proteins: P39905 and O00451 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| NA |
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| Interacting proteins: P39905 and O00451 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| NA |
|
| Interacting proteins: P39905 and O00451 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| NA |
|
| Interacting proteins: P39905 and O00451 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| NA |
|
| Interacting proteins: P39905 and O00451 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| NA |
|
| Interacting proteins: P39905 and O00451 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| NA |
|
| Interacting proteins: P39905 and O00451 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| NA |
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| Interacting proteins: P39905 and O00451 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| NA |
|
| Interacting proteins: P39905 and O00451 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| NA |
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| Interacting proteins: P39905 and O00451 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| NA |
|