Pubmed abstracts for Protein-Protein Interaction search result :

Interacting proteins: P30307 and P06493	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.88074439
These results suggest that the mechanism by which cdc 25 triggers cdc 2 activation involves a periodic physical association between cdc 25 and the cyclin B cdc 2 complex and also that mitotic control can be affected by mechanisms other than transcriptional regulation of the cdc 25 gene . . 0.88074439^^^
Interacting proteins: P30307 and P06493	Pubmed	SVM Score :1.5857083
We demonstrate that Cdc 2 itself is the cyclin B kinase ; cyclin B phosphorylation requires Cdc 2 activity both in vivo ( sensitivity to vitamin K 3 , a Cdc 25 inhibitor ) and in vitro ( copurification with Cdc 2 cyclin B , requirement of Cdc 2 dephosphorylation , and sensitivity to chemical inhibitors of cyclin dependent kinases ) . 1.5857083^^^
Interacting proteins: P30307 and P06493	Pubmed	SVM Score :1.0560393
The PTP activity of mitotic cdc25C was decreased by treatment with Phosphatase 2A catalytic subunit ( but not with Phosphatase 1 ) , with re appearance of the 56 , 000 polypeptide . cdc25C was also found associated with cdc 2 p13 Sepharose complex and its PTP activity was 7 fold higher in samples from mitotic than from asynchronous cells . cdc25C and cdc 2 co migrated during gel filtration and the higher activity of mitotic cdc25C was retained through gel filtration . . 1.0560393^^^
Interacting proteins: P30307 and P06493	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.59996522
The interactions between Cdc 2 and Cdc25C are negatively regulated throughout interphase and in response to G 2 checkpoint activation . 0.59996522^^^
Interacting proteins: P30307 and P06493	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
The cdc 25 tyrosine phosphatase is known to activate cdc 2 kinase in the G2 / M transition by dephosphorylation of tyrosine 15 . ^^^ Treatment of cdc 25 with either phosphatase 1 or phosphatase 2A removes phosphate from cdc 25 , reverses the mobility shift , and decreases its ability to activate cdc 2 kinase . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P30307 and P06493	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
The results demonstrate that the treatment of asynchronous cells with 20 Gy ionizing radiation is associated with transient down regulation of the cdc 2 , cyclin A , cyclin B , and cdc 25 genes . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P30307 and P06493	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Mutations that bypass the requirement for cdc 25 ( an activator of the mitotic regulator cdc 2 ) also uncouple mitosis from DNA replication . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P30307 and P06493	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Cell Biol . 115 : 1 17 ) , the data presented here suggest that separation in two distinct cellular compartments of the cdc 25 phosphatase and its substrate p34cdc2 cyclin B may be of importance in the regulation of the cdc 2 kinase activity . . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P30307 and P06493	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
It also implies cdc 25 may have other functions in addition to the regulation of cdc 2 kinase activity . . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P30307 and P06493	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
This G 0 G1 arrest was accompanied by down regulation of the cell cycle regulatory genes cdc 2 , cyclin A , cyclin B , and cdc 25 . ^^^ Results obtained from mRNA half life studies demonstrate that the stability of cdc 2 , cyclin A , cyclin B , and cdc 25 transcripts is similar in control and TPA treated U 937 cells . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P30307 and P06493	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Similarly , in fission yeast , the cdc 25 and cdc 2 gene products influence the ability of cells to delay mitosis in response to the inhibition of DNA synthesis . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P30307 and P06493	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
The cdc 25 protein is a highly specific tyrosine phosphatase that triggers mitosis by dephosphorylating the cdc 2 protein kinase . ^^^ Moreover , treatment of interphase Xenopus extracts with okadaic acid , a phosphatase inhibitor that accelerates the entry into mitosis , elicits both the premature hyperphosphorylation of cdc 25 and the stimulation of its cdc 2 specific tyrosine phosphatase activity . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P30307 and P06493	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
In parallel , the cells cease to divide , and genes associated with cell cycle progression including cdc 2 , cyclins , cdc 25 , and histones are down regulated . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P30307 and P06493	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Genetic and biochemical studies have indicated that the cdc 25 protein controls the entry into mitosis by triggering tyrosine dephosphorylation of the cdc 2 protein kinase . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P30307 and P06493	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
The cdc 25 protein is now established to be a tyrosine phosphatase that activates cdc 2 kinase . ^^^ They seem to interact with the main regulators of mitosis , cdc 2 , cdc13 / cyclin , cdc 25 and weel , or with mitotic structural components , such as condensed chromosomes or the spindle apparatus . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P30307 and P06493	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
This is the first phenotypically non wee mutation shown to do so . stf 1 1 functions additively with cdc 2 1w , cdc 2 3w , or wee 1 6 to rescue cdc 25 . ^^^ The available data are consistent with the wild type gene product operating either on the same pathway as cdc 25 or to stimulate cdc 2 by a pathway independent of cdc 25 or wee 1 . ^^^ When challenged with hydroxyurea , stf 1 1 acts additively with cdc 2 3w in rescuing cdc 25 mutants and in allowing mitosis to occur without DNA synthesis . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P30307 and P06493	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
The cdc 25 protein controls tyrosine dephosphorylation of the cdc 2 protein in a cell free system . ^^^ Genetic studies have demonstrated that the cdc 25 protein activates the cdc 2 protein kinase once DNA replication has been completed . ^^^ In extracts that normally can not enter mitosis owing to inhibition of DNA synthesis , the addition of active cdc 25 protein efficiently elicits the mitotic state by inducing premature dephosphorylation of tyrosine on the cdc 2 protein . ^^^ These biochemical experiments demonstrate that the cdc 25 protein actively drives tyrosine dephosphorylation of the cdc 2 protein and offer the prospect for characterizing the individual factors that regulate the activation of MPF during the progression from S phase to mitosis . . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P30307 and P06493	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
These findings indicate that B type cyclins are multifunctional proteins that not only act as M phase regulatory subunits of the cdc 2 protein kinase , but also activate the cdc 25 tyrosine phosphatase , of which cdc 2 is the physiological substrate . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P30307 and P06493	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
The periodic activation of cdc 2 kinase , which is required for entry into M phase , is regulated by subunit association with cyclin B , the cdc 25 , wee 1 , mik 1 gene products and differential phosphorylation of the cdc 2 protein . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P30307 and P06493	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Both genetic and biochemical data link this crucial checkpoint to the function of the cdc 25 gene product and the extent of phosphorylation of Tyr 15 in cdc 2 kinase . . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P30307 and P06493	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Mutants defective in the mitotic initiation genes cdc 2 , cdc 25 and cdc 13 were blocked in meiosis 2 . ^^^ None of the wee 1 50 , adh . nim1+ and win1+ alleles had any affect on sporulation , suggesting that their interactions with cdc 25 and cdc 2 are specific to mitosis . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P30307 and P06493	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
A detailed examination of the genetic interaction of cdr 1 mutants with various mutants of mitotic control genes ( cdc 2 , cdc 25 , wee 1 , cdc 13 ) demonstrated strong interactions with cdc 25 , some cdc 2 alleles , and with cdc 13 117 . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P30307 and P06493	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
This library was introduced into S . pombe cdc 2 and cdc 25 mutants , and plasmids isolated carrying cDNAs that complement these mutations . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P30307 and P06493	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
In Schizosaccharomyces pombe , cdc 25 is a cell cycle regulated inducer of mitosis . wee 1 and phenotypically wee alleles of cdc 2 are epistatic to cdc 25 . ^^^ These mutants , by themselves , are phenotypically indistinguishable from wild type strains ; hence they represent the first known mutations that are epistatic to cdc 25 and do not display a wee phenotype . stf 1 genetically interacts with other elements of mitotic control in S . pombe . stf 1 1 is additive with wee 1 50 , cdc 2 1w and cdc 2 3w for suppression of cdc 25 22 . ^^^ Also , like wee 1 and cdc 2 w , stf 1 suppression of cdc 25 is reversed by overexpression of the putative type 1 protein phosphatase bws1+ / dis2+ . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P30307 and P06493	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
The suppressor mutations define six mcs genes ( mcs : mitotic catastrophe suppressor ) that are not allelic to any of the following mitotic control genes : cdc 2 , wee 1 , cdc 13 , cdc 25 , suc 1 or nim 1 . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P30307 and P06493	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
The gene carried by this plasmid is called bws1+ ( for bypass of wee suppression ) . bws1+ also bypasses the ability of alleles of cdc 2 that confer a wee phenotype ( cdc2w ) to suppress loss of function cdc 25 mutants . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P30307 and P06493	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
The major cell cycle control in the fission yeast Schizosaccharomyces pombe acts at entry to mitosis , and involves three previously identified genes cdc 2 , cdc 25 and wee 1 . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P30307 and P06493	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Phosphorylated proteins from S . pombe have been examined for phosphorylation changes under several conditions : known triggers of the division control ( low nitrogen , low phosphate ) , cell size mutants ( WEE 1 and CDC 2 alleles ) and cell cycle mutants ( CDC 2 , CDC 10 , CDC 17 , CDC 25 alleles ) . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P30307 and P06493	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
The cdc 25 suppression ability of cdc 2 w mutations was allele specific for cdc 2 , suggesting bifunctionality of the gene product . ^^^ The wee 1 mutations were recessive for cdc 25 suppression ; cdc 2 w mutations were dominant . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P30307 and P06493	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
The requirement of the cdc 2 , cdc 13 and cdc 25 genes for meiosis in Schizosaccharomyces pombe was investigated using three different conditions to induce meiosis . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P30307 and P06493	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
The conserved regulators of cell cycle progression Cyclins , Cdc 2 kinase , and String phosphatase ( Cdc 25 ) accommodate multiple modes of regulation during Drosophila embryogenesis . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P30307 and P06493	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Elimination of cdc 2 phosphorylation sites in the cdc 25 phosphatase blocks initiation of M phase . ^^^ At physiological concentrations these mutants can not activate cyclin B / p34cdc2 in cdc 25 immunodepleted oocyte extracts , suggesting that a positive feed back loop between cdc 2 and cdc 25 is necessary for the full activation of cyclin B / p34cdc2 that induces abrupt entry into mitosis in vivo . . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P30307 and P06493	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Both the cell cycle distribution and the expression of cell cycle regulating genes ( cdk 2 , cdc 2 , cyclins A , B , C , D 3 , cdc 25 , and wee 1 ) were studied by flow cytometry and by Northern blot hybridization or the reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction , respectively . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P30307 and P06493	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
The activator of mitosis encoded by the string gene is a positive regulator of cdc 2 kinase and a Drosophila homologue of the Saccharomyces pombe cdc 25 tyrosine phosphatase . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P30307 and P06493	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Wee 1 kinase dependent phosphorylation of cdc 2 maintains the cdc2 / cyclin B complex in an inert form until it is activated by the cdc 25 tyrosine phosphatase at the end of G 2 . ^^^ As described for cdc 25 , cell cycle linked changes in the intracellular localisation of wee 1 may constitute an important aspect of the temporal regulation of cdc 2 activity . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P30307 and P06493	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Most of these cycles are differentially timed by bursts of transcription of string ( cdc 25 ) , a gene encoding a phosphatase that triggers mitosis by activating the Cdc 2 kinase . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P30307 and P06493	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Phosphorylation and activation of the Xenopus Cdc 25 phosphatase in the absence of Cdc 2 and Cdk 2 kinase activity . ^^^ Previously , it was demonstrated that Cdc 2 kinase is capable of phosphorylating and activating Cdc 25 , suggesting the existence of a positive feedback loop . ^^^ In the present study , kinases other than Cdc 2 that can phosphorylate and activate Cdc 25 were investigated . ^^^ However , in interphase Xenopus egg extracts with no detectable Cdc 2 and Cdk 2 , treatment with the phosphatase inhibitor microcystin activated a distinct kinase that could phosphorylate and activate Cdc 25 . ^^^ These findings implicate a kinase other than Cdc 2 and Cdk 2 that may initially activate Cdc 25 in vivo and suggest that this kinase may also phosphorylate M phase substrates even in the absence of Cdc 2 kinase . . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P30307 and P06493	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
These results indicate that activation of CDC 2 and entry of cells into mitosis is not triggered solely by activation of the Cdc 25 phosphatase but by the balance between Thr14 / Tyr15 kinase and phosphatase activities . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P30307 and P06493	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
This situation is obviously different from that in immature Xenopus oocytes , in which the cdc 2 cyclin B complex preexists with cdc 2 phosphorylated on both Tyr 15 and Thr 161 , thereby requiring Tyr 15 dephosphorylation catalyzed by cdc 25 phosphatase for MPF activation . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P30307 and P06493	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Cdc 25 protein phosphatase dephosphorylates tyrosine 15 of Cdc 2 , thereby activating Cdc2 / cyclin B kinase , which then brings about mitosis . ^^^ Rescue of cdc 25 22 by overproduction of Stp 1 protein is probably due to an ability of Stp 1 to dephosphorylate tyrosine 15 of Cdc 2 . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P30307 and P06493	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
These results suggest that phosphorylation of the epitope recognized by MPM 2 may be a crucial event in the activation of cdc 25 and that the kinase ( s ) that phosphorylates this MPM 2 epitope may be an important regulator of cdc 2 kinase activation . . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P30307 and P06493	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
The human CDC 25 tyrosine phosphatases trigger activation of CDC 2 by removing inhibitory phosphates ; thus the genes encoding these phosphatases may be suspected as potential oncogenes due to their role in promoting cell division . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P30307 and P06493	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
The wee 1 tyrosine kinase and cdc 25 tyrosine phosphatase of fission yeast play antagonistic roles in the induction of mitosis through cdc 2 regulation . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P30307 and P06493	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Cyclin B cdc 2 complexes are kept inactive by inhibitory phosphorylations on Thr 14 and Tyr 15 of cdc 2 until they are dephosphorylated at the end of G 2 by the phosphatase cdc 25 . ^^^ Individual conservative substitutions at three invariant residues within the P box yield mutant cyclin B proteins that bind cdc 2 in vitro and then show the predicted cell cycle arrest , with cdc 25 remaining in the low activity interphase form and cyclin B cdc 2 complexes remaining phosphorylated and inactive . ^^^ While the low activity interphase form of cdc 25 can not act on cdc 2 complexed with a mutant P box cyclin , the high activity M phase form of cdc 25 can . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P30307 and P06493	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Phosphorylation and activation of human cdc 25 C by cdc 2 cyclin B and its involvement in the self amplification of MPF at mitosis . ^^^ It has been found previously that cdc 25 is the tyrosine phosphatase responsible for dephosphorylating and activating cdc 2 cyclin B . ^^^ Phosphorylation of cdc 25 C in mitotic HeLa extracts or by cdc 2 cyclin B increases its catalytic activity . cdc 25 C is not a substrate of the cyclin A associated kinases . cdc 25 C is able to activate cdc 2 cyclin B 1 in Xenopus egg extracts and to induce Xenopus oocyte maturation , but only after stable thiophosphorylation . ^^^ This demonstrates that phosphorylation of cdc 25 C is required for the activation of cdc 2 cyclin B and entry into M phase . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P30307 and P06493	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Expression of cyclin B , cdc 25 , wee 1 and cdc 2 was studied during cell cycle arrest by Northern blot hybridization . ^^^ Expression of cyclin B , cdc 25 and cdc 2 fluctuated in association with cell cycle progression towards the G2 / M phase , while wee 1 expression remained constant in untreated cells . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P30307 and P06493	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
The action of the Wee 1 kinase is opposed by the action of the Cdc 25 phosphatase , which dephosphorylates Cdc 2 on tyrosine 15 , thereby activating the Cdc2 / cyclin B complex . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P30307 and P06493	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Cdc 25 phosphatase induces mitosis by dephosphorylating tyrosine 15 of Cdc 2 . ^^^ Cdc 25 was activated by phosphorylations that were dependent on Cdc 2 activity in vivo . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P30307 and P06493	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
G 2 phase arrested immature starfish oocytes contain inactive cdc 2 kinase and cdc 25 phosphatase , and an inactivator for cdc 2 kinase . ^^^ Biol . 47 : 341 348 ) , p34cdc2 and cdc 25 protein are already converted , though not fully , to active forms , whereas the inactivators for cdc 2 kinase and cdc 25 phosphatase are able to exhibit their activities if the hormone were removed . ^^^ We produced `` triggered oocytes , ' ' in which due to a neutralizing anticdc 25 antibody , the activation of cdc 2 kinase is prevented out cdc 25 protein is phosphorylated slightly after the maturation inducing hormonal stimulus . ^^^ These results imply the presence of a cdc 2 kinase activity independent process ( es ) that suppresses the inactivator for cdc 2 kinase and initially phosphorylates cdc 25 protein , although this process is reversible during the initial activation of cdc 2 kinase . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P30307 and P06493	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Cdc 2 is likely to be inhibited by Thr 14 / Tyr 15 phosphorylation after irradiation because Cdc 2 was tyrosine phosphorylated , and recombinant Cdc 25 was able to increase its kinase activity significantly . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P30307 and P06493	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
The role of cdc 2 , cdc 25 and cyclin A genes in the maintenance of immortalization and growth arrest in a rat embryonic fibroblast conditional cell line . ^^^ The role of the cell cycle control genes cdc 2 , cdc 25 and cyclin A in the maintenance of immortalization and in growth arrest was examined in the tsa 14 , a SV 40 T antigen rat embryonic fibroblast conditional for growth cell line . ^^^ The ability of cdc 2 , or cdc 25 , or cyclin A genes to maintain the tsa 14 immortal phenotype was also examined by electroporations of these genes into the tsa 14 cells . ^^^ Clones over expressing the electroporated cdc 2 , or cdc 25 , or cyclin A , or combinations of these genes growth arrested at the non permissive conditions similar to controls , thereby suggesting that the expression of these genes alone is insufficient for tsa 14 maintenance of immortalization . . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P30307 and P06493	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
The cytotoxic activity of these compounds ( 9 19 ) was evaluated in vitro against a panel of six human tumor xenografts and in two biochemical , mechanism based screens ( cdc 2 kinase and cdc 25 phosphatase ) . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P30307 and P06493	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
We propose that Drosophila ' s MZT comprises a chain reaction in which ( 1 ) proliferating nuclei deplete factors ( probably mitotic cyclins ) required for cell cycle progression ; ( 2 ) this depletion causes the elongation of interphases and allows zygotic transcription ; ( 3 ) new gene products accumulate that promote degradation of maternal mRNAs , including string and twine ; and ( 4 ) consequent loss of Cdc 25 phosphatase activity allows inhibitory phosphorylation of Cdc 2 by Dwee 1 kinase , effecting G 2 arrest . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P30307 and P06493	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Cell cycle control in the fission yeast Schizosaccharomyces pombe involves interplay amongst a number of regulatory molecules , including the cdc 2 , cdc 13 , cdc 25 , wee 1 , and mik 1 gene products . ^^^ Cdc 2 , Cdc 13 , and Cdc 25 act as positive regulators of cell cycle progression at the G2 / M boundary , while Wee 1 and Miky 1 play a negative regulatory role . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P30307 and P06493	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
During the prophase / metaphase transition , the inactive , Thr 14 / Tyr 15 phosphorylated form of p 34 ( cdc 2 ) ( TP YP ) is modified to an active , Thr 14 / Tyr 15 dephosphorylated form ( T Y ) by the cdc 25 dual specificity phosphatase . ^^^ These results raise the possibility that the intermediate form T YP may be involved in the autocatalytic amplification of the p 34 ( cdc 2 ) / cyclin B complex through phosphorylation / activation of the cdc 25 phosphatase and phosphorylation / inactivation of the wee 1 kinase . . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P30307 and P06493	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
This result implicates regulation of Cdc 2 tyrosine dephosphorylation , mainly carried out by the Cdc 25 tyrosine phosphatase , as an important part of the mechanism by which the DNA damage checkpoint induces Cdc 2 inhibition and G 2 arrest . . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P30307 and P06493	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Activation of CDC 25 phosphatase and CDC 2 kinase involved in GL 331 induced apoptosis . ^^^ CDC 25 is a dual phosphatase responsible for dephosphorylation and , thus , activation of CDC 2 kinase in G 2 . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P30307 and P06493	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
When tsBN 2 cells arrested in S phase were incubated at 40 degrees C in the presence of cycloheximide , Cdc25B , but not Cdc25A and C , among a family of dual specificity phosphatases , Cdc 25 , was lost coincidentally with the lack of the activation of p 34 ( cdc 2 ) / cyclin B . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P30307 and P06493	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
The kinase Wee 1 and the phosphatase Cdc 25 , which regulate Cdc 2 phosphorylation , were evaluated as targets of Chk 1 , a kinase essential for the checkpoint . ^^^ Fission yeast cdc 2 3w Deltacdc 25 cells , which express activated Cdc 2 and lack Cdc 25 , were responsive to Wee 1 but insensitive to Chk 1 and irradiation . ^^^ Expression of large amounts of Chk 1 produced the same phenotype as did loss of the cdc 25 gene in cdc 2 3w cells . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P30307 and P06493	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Early MAP kinase activation did not interfere significantly with DNA replication , cyclin synthesis , or association of cyclins with Cdc 2 , but it did prevent hyperphosphorylation of Cdc 25 and Wee 1 and activation of Cdc2 / cyclin complexes . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P30307 and P06493	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
As a trial to explore the mode of action of their antitumor activity , the 6 nitroacridine analogs were evaluated for their inhibitory effect on major cell cycle control proteins cdc 2 kinase and cdc 25 phosphatase as possible molecular targets that may account for antimitotic potency . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P30307 and P06493	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Dephosphorylation of threonine 14 and tyrosine 15 of CDK 1 by the CDC 25 phosphatases is a key step in the activation of the CDK 1 cyclin B protein kinase . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P30307 and P06493	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Here we report on genetic interactions of sep 1 1 with the M phase initiation mutations wee 1 , cdc 2 1w , and cdc 25 22 . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P30307 and P06493	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Cut 12 is localized to the SPB throughout the cell cycle , predominantly around the inner face of the interphase SPB , adjacent to the nucleus . cut 12 ( + ) is allelic to stf 1 ( + ) ; stf1 . 1 is a gain of function mutation bypassing the requirement for the Cdc 25 tyrosine phosphatase , which normally dephosphorylates and activates the p 34 ( cdc 2 ) / cyclin B kinase to promote the onset of mitosis . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P30307 and P06493	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Activation of the cyclin B cdc 2 kinase mitotic inducer involves dephosphorylation of two inhibitory residues , tyrosine 15 and threonine 14 , cdc 25 is the specific phosphatase that directly dephosphorylates and activates the cdc 2 kinase , cdc 25 activity is regulated by phosphorylation . ^^^ Although the cyclin B cdc 2 complex plays a role in activating cdc 25 , it is highly probable that a distinct protein kinase is involved as a trigger in cdc 25 activation . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P30307 and P06493	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
At the G2 / M boundary , the Cdc 25 protein phosphatase is activated to dephosphorylate the Cdc2 / Cdc13 complex , resulting in abrupt activation of Cdc 2 kinase activity and entry into mitosis . . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P30307 and P06493	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
The repair checkpoint kinase Chk 1 regulates Cdc 25 , a phosphatase that activates Cdc 2 . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P30307 and P06493	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
In this study , we isolated cDNAs of starfish cyclin A and Cdc 2 , and monitored extensively the cell cycle dynamics of cyclin A and cyclin B levels and their associated Cdc 2 kinase activity , Tyr phosphorylation of Cdc 2 , and Cdc 25 phosphorylation states throughout meiotic and early embryonic cleavage cycles in vivo . ^^^ Cyclin B , but not cyclin A , associated Cdc 2 was subjected to regulation via Tyr phosphorylation , and phosphorylation states of Cdc 25 correlated with cyclin B / Cdc2 kinase activity with some exceptions . ^^^ Between meiosis 1 and 2 and at the pronucleus stage , cyclin A and B levels remained low , Cdc 2 Tyr phosphorylation was undetectable , and Cdc 25 remained phosphorylated depending on MAP kinase activity , showing a good correlation between these two stages . ^^^ Upon fertilization of mature eggs , Cdc 2 Tyr phosphorylation reappeared and Cdc 25 was dephosphorylated . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P30307 and P06493	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Furthermore , Cdc 2 isolated from replication checkpoint arrested cells can be activated in vitro by Cdc 25 , the tyrosine phosphatase responsible for dephosphorylating Cdc 2 in vivo , to the same extent as Cdc 2 isolated from cdc25ts blocked cells , indicating that hydroxyurea treatment causes Cdc 2 activity to be maintained at a low level that is insufficient to induce mitosis . ^^^ These studies show that inhibitory tyrosine 15 phosphorylation of Cdc 2 is essential for the DNA replication checkpoint and suggests that Cdc 25 , and / or one or both of Wee 1 and Mik 1 , the tyrosine kinases that phosphorylate Cdc 2 , are regulated by the replication checkpoint . . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P30307 and P06493	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
The G2 / M transition is regulated by a kinase phosphatase pair , Wee 1 and Cdc 25 , which determine the phosphorylation state of the Tyr 15 residue of Cdc 2 . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P30307 and P06493	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Surprisingly , mutations in G2 / M phase regulators cyclin A and string ( cdc 25 ) , but not cyclin B 1 , B 3 , or cdc 2 , enhanced the DmcycEJP phenotype without affecting the number of cells entering S phase , but by decreasing the number of cells entering mitosis . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P30307 and P06493	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Mammalian Cdc 25 phosphatase is responsible for the dephosphorylation of Cdc 2 and other cyclin dependent kinases at Thr 14 and Tyr 15 , thus activating the kinase and allowing cell cycle progression . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P30307 and P06493	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
The Chk 1 kinase , an effector of the DNA damage checkpoint , phosphorylates Cdc 25 , an activator of Cdc 2 . ^^^ Phosphorylation of Cdc 25 promotes its binding to 14 3 3 proteins , preventing it from activating Cdc 2 . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P30307 and P06493	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Inhibition of phosphatase 2A , the major okadaic acid sensitive Ser / Thr phosphatase , in these extracts , provokes Cdc 2 kinase amplification and concomitant hyperphosphorylation of Cdc 25 phosphatase , with a lag of about 1 h . ^^^ Addition of a threshold level of recombinant Cdc 25 induces a linear activation of Cdc 2 and Plx 1 kinases and a partial phosphorylation of Cdc 25 . ^^^ We propose that the Cdc 2 positive feedback loop involves two successive phosphorylation steps of Cdc 25 phosphatase : the first one is catalyzed by Cdc 2 kinase and / or Plx 1 kinase but it does not modify Cdc 25 enzymatic activity , the second one requires a new kinase counteracted by phosphatase 2A . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P30307 and P06493	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Our results indicate that Skb 1 negatively regulates mitosis by a mechanism that is independent of the Cdc 2 activating phosphatase Cdc 25 but that is at least partially dependent on Shk 1 and the Cdc 2 inhibitory kinase Wee 1 . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P30307 and P06493	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
The synthesized compounds were evaluated for their antitumor activity using the National Cancer Institute in vitro disease oriented antitumor screen and two biochemical mechanism based screens ( cdc 2 kinase and cdc 25 phosphatase ) . ^^^ In addition it inhibited cdc 2 kinase and cdc 25 phosphatase with IC 50 ' s of 70 and 25 microM , respectively . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P30307 and P06493	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
The prepared compounds were tested for their in vitro antitumor and cdc 2 kinase or cdc 25 phosphatase inhibitory activity . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P30307 and P06493	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Here , we present evidence from in vivo and in vitro studies , which indicates that Cds 1 also inhibits Cdc 25 , the phosphatase that activates Cdc 2 . ^^^ Cds 1 also inhibited Cdc 25 dependent activation of Cdc 2 in vitro . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P30307 and P06493	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Fission yeast cells tolerate the total absence of the cdc 25 mitotic inducer in two cases , either in cdc 2 3w or in wee 1 genetic backgrounds . ^^^ This fact suggests that in WT the rate limiting molecular process during the G 2 timer is the Tyr 15 dephosphorylation of cdc 2 , for which the cdc 25 phosphatase ( together with its back up , pyp 3 ) is dependent . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P30307 and P06493	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Failure of ISF treated cells to dephosphorylate Cdk 1 is not associated with decreased availability of Cdc 25 . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P30307 and P06493	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Upon treatment with progesterone , these sites are dephosphorylated by the dual specificity phosphatase , Cdc 25 , leading to Cdc 2 cyclin B 1 activation . ^^^ Whereas maintenance of the G 2 arrest depends upon preventing Cdc 25 induced Cdc 2 dephosphorylation , the mechanisms responsible for keeping Cdc 25 in check in these cells have not yet been described . ^^^ If 14 3 3 binding to Cdc 25 is prevented while nuclear export is inhibited , the coordinate nuclear accumulation of Cdc 25 and Cdc 2 cyclin B 1 facilitates their mutual activation , thereby promoting oocyte maturation . . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P30307 and P06493	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
The obtained derivatives were also evaluated for two biochemical , mechanism based screens to explore their ability to inhibit the cell cycle control proteins cdc 2 kinase and cdc 25 phosphatase as molecular targets which may account for their antitumor activity . 4 ( N 1 Amidino ) sulphanilamidomethyl 6 chloro 9 xanthenone ( 10 ) proved to be the most active member of these derivatives exhibiting a broad spectrum antitumor potency against a wide range of human tumor cell lines with full panel median growth inhibition ( GI 50 ) , total growth inhibition ( TGI ) and median lethal concentration ( LC 50 ) mean graph midpoint ( MG MID ) values of 3 . 2 , 12 . 7 and 21 . 8 mumol l 1 , respectively . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P30307 and P06493	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Use of CDC 2 from etoposide treated cells as substrate to assay CDC 25 phosphatase activity . ^^^ Here we report that upon Etoposide treatment CDC 2 is phosphorylated on tyrosine 15 and is dephosphorylated and activated in vitro by recombinant CDC 25 phosphatase . ^^^ We also show that inactive CDC 2 kinase from Etoposide treated cells can be used as a substrate in a sensitive two step assay of CDC 25 phosphatase . ^^^ This assay , which is very simple to set up , is based on the monitoring of CDC 2 kinase activity after CDC 25 dependent dephosphorylation . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P30307 and P06493	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Further analysis of constituent cell cycle proteins of these kinases by Western blot showed that A 23187 alone could not induce changes in cdc 2 , cdc 25 , or ERK 2 but induced reduction of cyclin B 1 . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P30307 and P06493	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
A mathematical model for the cell cycle is proposed that incorporates the known biochemical reactions involving both cyclin A and cyclin B , the interactions of these cyclins with cdc 2 and cdk 2 , and the controlling effects of cdc 25 and weel . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P30307 and P06493	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
In other systems , Chk 1 kinase phosphorylates and suppresses the activity of Cdc 25 phosphatase : the resulting failure to remove inhibitory phosphate from cyclin dependent kinase 1 ( Cdk 1 ) prevents entry into mitosis [ 4 ] [ 5 ] . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P30307 and P06493	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
A detailed model of the G ( 2 ) DNA damage checkpoint ( G2DDC ) system is presented that includes complex regulatory networks of the mitotic kinase Cdc 2 , phosphatase Cdc 25 , Wee 1 kinase , and damage signal transduction pathways involving Chk 1 and p 53 . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P30307 and P06493	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
In Xenopus oocyte , a positive feed back loop between Cdc 2 kinase and its activating phosphatase Cdc 25 allows the abrupt activation of MPF and the entry into the first meiotic division . ^^^ Our findings support the following two step model for MPF amplification : during the first step , Cdc 25 acquires a basal catalytic activity resulting in a linear activation of Cdc 2 kinase . ^^^ In turn Cdc 2 partially phosphorylates Cdc 25 but no amplification takes place ; under this condition Plx 1 kinase and its activating kinase , Plkk 1 are activated . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P30307 and P06493	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
In the present study , we demonstrate that SC alpha alpha delta 9 inhibited Cdc 25 dependent cell cycle progression at both G 1 and G2 / M phase using tsFT 210 cells , which express a temperature sensitive Cdc 2 mutant . ^^^ Furthermore , closely related chemical analogs that lacked Cdc 25 inhibitory activity failed to block cell cycle progression at both G 1 and G2 / M , and did not affect Cdc 2 phosphorylation or Cdk 4 kinase activity . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P30307 and P06493	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
In Xenopus egg extracts , the inhibitory phosphorylations of Cdc 2 on Tyr 15 and Thr 14 are controlled by the phosphatase Cdc 25 and the kinases Myt 1 and Wee 1 . ^^^ At mitosis , Cdc 25 is activated and Myt 1 and Wee 1 are inactivated through phosphorylation by multiple kinases , including Cdc 2 itself . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P30307 and P06493	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Chk 1 regulates the activity and localization of Cdc 25 , the tyrosine phosphatase that activates the cdk Cdc 2 . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P30307 and P06493	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
In the present study , we investigated the effect of VK 3 on Cdc 25 phosphatase , a Cdk 1 activator and c Myc downstream protein . ^^^ These results indicate that binding of VK 3 to the catalytic domain of Cdc 25 phosphatase results in the formation of inactive , hyperphosphorylated Cdk 1 that subsequently induces cell cycle arrest , leading to cell death . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P30307 and P06493	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
In most species , the G ( 2 ) checkpoint prevents the Cdc 25 phosphatase from removing inhibitory phosphate groups from the mitosis promoting kinase Cdc 2 . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P30307 and P06493	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Furthermore , close chemical analogues that lacked in vitro Cdc 25 inhibitory activity failed to block cell cycle progression and Cdc 2 kinase activity . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P30307 and P06493	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
The corresponding sites in the closely related Cdk 1 ( Thr 14 and Tyr 15 ) are of crucial importance for regulation of the G2 / M transition by myt 1 and wee 1 kinases and cdc 25 phosphatases . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P30307 and P06493	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
We show here that cyclic AMP regulates mitosis and cell size , in part , through regulation of protein stability of the Cdc 2 activating phosphatase , Cdc 25 . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P30307 and P06493	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
We show here genetic evidence that medium alkalization stimulates mitosis and consequently reduces cell size , either through the Nim 1 Wee1 cascade , which regulates the inhibitory phosphorylation of Cdc 2 at Tyr ( 15 ) , or through the Cdc 2 activating phosphatase , Cdc 25 . ^^^ Alkaline stress stimulates phosphorylation of Nim 1 , accumulation of Cdc 25 and dephosphorylation of Cdc 2 at Tyr ( 15 ) . ^^^ We also show that osmostress stimulates mitosis through two independent pathways : one stimulates accumulation of Cdc 25 , and another dephosphorylation of Cdc 2 at Tyr ( 15 ) . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P30307 and P06493	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Cdc 25 and Pyp 3 phosphatases dephosphorylate tyrosine 15 and activate Cdc 2 . ^^^ To isolate novel activators of Cdc 2 kinase , we screened synthetic lethal mutants in a cdc 25 22 background at the permissive temperature ( 25 degrees ) . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P30307 and P06493	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
The mechanism of cdc2 / cyclin B activation is complex , but the final step is the dephosphorylation of the Thr 14 and Tyr 15 residues on the cdc 2 subunit , catalyzed by a member of the Cdc 25 family of phosphatases . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P30307 and P06493	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
The role of p21CIP1 in the inhibition of CDK 1 was questionable , as we demonstrated that genistein impaired Tyr 15 dephosphorylation of CDK 1 and because CDK 1 cyclin B 1 complexes from treated cells could be reactivated upon exposure to CDC 25 phosphatase . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P30307 and P06493	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
In addition , all the compounds were tested against farnesyltransferase and the cell cycle regulating enzymes cdc 2 kinase and cdc 25 phosphatase . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P30307 and P06493	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Furthermore , MCF 7 cells treated with 4 2 showed increased Cdk 1 kinase activity and a decrease in Cdk 1 tyrosine phosphorylation , indicating that 4 2 did not directly inhibit Cdk 1 or Cdc 25 activities . 4 2 did , however , increase Bcl 2 phosphorylation . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P30307 and P06493	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
We have dissected the contribution of these structures to MPF activation in fertilized eggs and in egg fragments containing different combinations of nuclei , centrosomes , and microtubules by following the behavior of Cdc 2 ( the kinase component of MPF ) , the regulatory subunit cyclin B , and the activating phosphatase Cdc 25 . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P30307 and P06493	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Mcs 3 acts independently of the Wee 1 kinase and Cdc 25 phosphatase , two major regulators of Cdc 2 . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P30307 and P06493	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
We found no evidence for inhibition of the critical mitosis controlling cyclin dependent kinase Cdk 1 , or its regulator , the dual specificity phosphatase Cdc 25 . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P30307 and P06493	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
When Cip 1 is injected at germinal vesicle breakdown ( GVBD ) time , Cdc 25 and Plx 1 are both dephosphorylated and Cdc 2 is rephosphorylated on tyrosine . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P30307 and P06493	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
In many cells the timing of entry into mitosis is controlled by the balance between the activity of inhibitory Wee 1 related kinases ( Swe1p in budding yeast ) and the opposing effect of Cdc 25 related phosphatases ( Mih1p in budding yeast ) that act on the cyclin dependent kinase Cdc 2 ( Cdc28p in budding yeast ) . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P30307 and P06493	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Concentration needed for 50 % inhibition of cdc 25 phosphatase was found to be 5 microg / ml and that needed for inhibition of cdc 2 kinase was found to be > 100 microg / ml . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P30307 and P06493	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Chk 1 and Chk 2 inhibit Cdc 2 by inactivating Cdc 25 , the phosphatase that normally activates Cdc 2 . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P30307 and P06493	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
M phase promoting factor is a complex of cdc 2 and cyclin B that is regulated positively by cdc 25 phosphatase and negatively by wee 1 kinase . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P30307 and P06493	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
PP2A is known to interact genetically in fission yeast with the Wee 1 kinase and Cdc 25 phosphatase that act on Tyr 15 of Cdc 2 . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P30307 and P06493	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Using mutants of cyclins , Cdk 1 and Cdc 25 ( string ) to manipulate Cdk 1 activity , we found that the localization of 14 3 3 proteins is coupled to Cdk 1 activity and cell cycle stage . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P30307 and P06493	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Among the regulators that control the level of the inhibitory Cdc 2 Tyr15 phosphorylation , the Cdc 25 protein tyrosine phosphatase is required to link cell size monitoring to mitotic control . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P30307 and P06493	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Cdc 25 activates maturation promoting factor ( MPF ) and promotes mitosis by removing the inhibitory phosphate from the Tyr 15 of Cdc 2 in human cells . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P30307 and P06493	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
This phenotype was reduced by accelerating mitotic commitment through genetic inhibition of Wee 1 or activation of either Cdc 25 or Cdc 2 . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P30307 and P06493	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
The Vpr protein of primate lentiviruses arrests cell cycling at the G ( 2 ) / M phase through an inactivation of cyclin B p 34 ( cdc 2 ) and its upstream regulator cdc 25 . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P30307 and P06493	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Little is known about the genes that regulate cyclinB Cdc 2 complexes at the G2 / M transition of the plant cell cycle although in yeast and animals cdc 25 and wee 1 are central regulators of cdc 2 . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P30307 and P06493	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
For this we studied the effect of CA4P on selected markers of apoptosis [ caspases 9 and 3 , poly ( ADP ribose ) polymerase ( PARP ) , bcl 2 , and bax ] and G 2 M protein regulators ( p 53 , MDM 2 , 14 3 3sigma , GADD 45 , cdc 2 , cdc 25 , chk 1 , wee 1 , p 21 , and cyclin B 1 ) . ^^^ Exposure of WSU CLL cells to 4 and 5 nM CA4P was associated with overproduction of total p 53 and no dramatic change in MDM 2 , 14 3 3sigma , GADD 45 , the cyclin dependent kinase cdc 2 , its inhibitory phosphorylation , the cdc 2 inhibitory kinase ( wee 1 ) , chk 1 , or cdc 25 hyperphosphorylation . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P30307 and P06493	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
We found that NSC 663284 arrested synchronized cells at both G ( 1 ) and G ( 2 ) / M phase , and blocked dephosphorylation and activation of Cdk 2 and Cdk 1 in vivo , as predicted for a Cdc 25 inhibitor . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P30307 and P06493	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
As a result , several Cdc 25 substrates ( Cdk 1 , Cdk 2 , Cdk 4 ) involved in cell cycle progression are tyrosine phosphorylated and thereby inhibited by its action . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P30307 and P06493	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Experiments involving ectopic overexpression of the mek 1 ( + ) gene indicate that Mek 1 inhibits the Cdc 25 phosphatase , which is responsible for dephosphorylation of Cdc 2 on tyrosine 15 . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P30307 and P06493	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Cdc 2 regulation also involves positive feedback , with active Cdc 2 cyclin B stimulating its activator Cdc 25 ( refs 5 7 ) and inactivating its inhibitors Wee 1 and Myt 1 ( refs 8 11 ) . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P30307 and P06493	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
We present evidence that cdc 25 is a critical target of PKA . ( 1 ) In vitro , cdc 25 Ser 287 serves as a major site of phosphorylation by PKA , resulting in sequestration by 14 3 3 . ( 2 ) Endogenous cdc 25 is phosphorylated on Ser 287 in oocytes and dephosphorylated in response to progesterone just before cdc 2 dephosphorylation and M phase entry . ( 3 ) High PKA activity maintains phosphorylation of Ser 287 in vivo , whereas inhibition of PKA by its heat stable inhibitor ( PKI ) induces dephosphorylation of Ser 287 . ( 4 ) Overexpression of mutant cdc 25 ( S287A ) bypasses the ability of PKA to maintain oocytes in G ( 2 ) arrest . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P30307 and P06493	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Activation of Cdc2 / cyclin B kinase and entry into mitosis requires dephosphorylation of inhibitory sites on Cdc 2 by Cdc 25 phosphatase . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P30307 and P06493	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
When Plk 1 was required for cyclin B Cdc 2 activation , the action of Plk 1 was mediated primarily through suppression of Myt 1 rather than through activation of Cdc 25 . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P30307 and P06493	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
We report here that PP 1 is required for dephosphorylation of the Cdc 2 directed phosphatase Cdc 25 at Ser 287 ( of Xenopus Cdc 25 ; Ser 216 of human Cdc25C ) , a site that suppresses Cdc 25 during interphase . ^^^ Collectively , our data clarify several steps important for Cdc 25 activation and provide new insight into the role of PP 1 in Cdc 2 activation and mitotic entry . . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P30307 and P06493	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
At late times , we observed accumulation of the Cdc 25 phosphatases that remove the inhibitory phosphates from Cdk 1 . ^^^ Interestingly , biochemical fractionation studies revealed that the active form of Cdk 1 , a fraction of total cyclin B 1 , and the Cdc 25 phosphatases reside predominantly in the cytoplasm of infected cells . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P30307 and P06493	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
NSC 95375 and NSC 663284 also caused similar Cdk 1 hyperphosphorylation , indicating similar Cdc 25 inhibition . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P30307 and P06493	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Recent studies have shed considerable light on how the cdc 2 specific tyrosine kinase ( wee 1 ) and its competing phosphatase ( cdc 25 ) are regulated during the cell cycle . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P30307 and P06493	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
The G 2 DNA damage checkpoint delays mitotic entry via the upregulation of Wee 1 kinase and the downregulation of Cdc 25 phosphatase by Chk 1 kinase , and resultant inhibitory phosphorylation of Cdc 2 . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P30307 and P06493	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Cyclin A / Cdk2 complexes regulate activation of Cdk 1 and Cdc 25 phosphatases in human cells . ^^^ In Xenopus oocytes and early embryos , accumulation of cyclin B activates Cdk 1 , which then phosphorylates and activates the positive regulator Cdc 25 in an autocatalytic feedback loop . ^^^ These results suggest that cyclin A / Cdk2 complexes are key regulators of Cdc 25 and Cdk 1 activation in human cells . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P30307 and P06493	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
The compounds were inactive on the Ser / Thr phosphatase PP2C alpha and on three kinases ( CDK 1 , CDK 5 , GSK 3 ) , suggesting that some potent and selective CDC 25 phosphatase might be designed from these initial structures . . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P30307 and P06493	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Stage 4 oocytes contain a store of inactive pre MPF ( Tyr 15 phosphorylated Cdc 2 bound to cyclin B 2 ) ; the Cdc 25 phosphatase that catalyzes Tyr 15 dephosphorylation of Cdc 2 is also present . ^^^ We report that when cyclin B is overexpressed in stage 4 oocytes , MPF autoamplification does not occur and the newly formed cyclin B Cdc 2 complexes are inactivated by Tyr 15 phosphorylation , indicating that Myt 1 kinase remains active and that Cdc 25 is prevented to be activated . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P30307 and P06493	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
The cdc 25 phosphatase inhibitors ( Cpd 5 and NSC 663284 ) and the cdc 2 kinase inhibitors ( alsterpaullone and purvalanol A ) enhanced SNP induced cytotoxicity and the decrease in survivin expression . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P30307 and P06493	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Cdc 2 cyclin B induced G 2 to M transition in perch oocyte is dependent on Cdc 25 . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P30307 and P06493	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Expression of a mutant form of Cdc 2 that bypasses the requirement for stg ( cdc 25 ) activates histone transcription during G 2 in stg ( cdc 25 ) mutant embryos . ^^^ Thus , in these embryonic cycles , histone transcription is controlled by the principal G 2 M regulators , string ( cdc 25 ) , and cdc 2 kinase , rather than solely by regulators of the G 1 S transition . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P30307 and P06493	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
G2 / M checkpoints prevent mitotic entry upon DNA damage or replication inhibition by targeting the Cdc 2 regulators Cdc 25 and Wee 1 . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P30307 and P06493	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
The action of cytokinin in stimulating the activation of CDK by removal of inhibitory phosphorylation from Tyr is not a secondary downstream consequence of other hormone actions but is the key primary effect of the hormone in its stimulation of cell proliferation , since cytokinin could be replaced by expression of cdc 25 , which encodes the main Cdc 2 ( CDK ) Tyr dephosphorylating enzyme of yeast ( Saccharomyces cerevisiae ) . ^^^ The cdc 25 gene , under control of a steroid inducible promoter , induced a rise in cdc 25 mRNA , accumulation of p 67 ( Cdc 25 ) protein , and increase in Cdc 25 phosphatase activity that was measured in vitro with Tyr phosphorylated Cdc 2 as substrate . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P30307 and P06493	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Erythropoietin or IL 3 significantly enhanced etoposide induced activation specific phosphorylation of Chk 1 , a checkpoint kinase that inhibits Cdc 2 activation by Cdc 25 phosphatases , and led to the inhibition of Cdc 2 kinase activity with the persistent inhibitory phosphorylation on Tyr 15 . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P30307 and P06493	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
In both human and fission yeast ( Schizosaccharomyces pombe ) cells , the activity of Cdc 2 is regulated in part by the phosphorylation status of tyrosine 15 ( Tyr 15 ) on Cdc 2 , which is phosphorylated by Wee 1 kinase during late G 2 and is rapidly dephosphorylated by the Cdc 25 tyrosine phosphatase to trigger entry into mitosis . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P30307 and P06493	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
The level of Cdc 25 ( Stg ) and phosphorylation status of Cdc 2 are modulated in a Grp / DChk1 dependent manner in response to hydroxyurea and irradiation , indicating that these cell cycle regulators are downstream targets of the Grp / DChk1 dependent DNA replication and DNA damage responses . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P30307 and P06493	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Inhibitory phosphorylation of Cdc 2 by Wee 1 kinase inactivates MPF until Cdc 25 removes this phosphate to promote mitosis . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P30307 and P06493	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
This effect was strongly associated with a concomitant decrease in the level of cyclin B 1 , Cdc 25 and Cdc 2 , and increase in phospho Cdc 2 ( Tyr 15 ) . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P30307 and P06493	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
This argument is further strengthened by an observed delay in the maximal expression of cell cycle regulatory proteins like CDC 2 and CDC 25 coupled to the direct interaction of HABP 1 with CDC 25 . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P30307 and P06493	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
The specificity of BN 82685 towards the CDC 25 phosphatases is shown by an increase in cyclin dependent kinase 1 tyrosine 15 phosphorylation , by the reversion of the mitosis inducing effect of CDC25B overexpression in HeLa cells , and by the lack of a growth inhibitory effect in an assay based on the use of a CDC 25 independent fission yeast model . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P30307 and P06493	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Loss of Cdc 25 function results in a specific G 2 arrest that correlated with high level of Tyr 15 phosphorylation of Cdk 1 . ^^^ Moreover , we show genetic interactions of cdc 25 with wee 1 and clb 2 that support the notion that in U . maydis Cdc 25 counteracts the Wee 1 mediated inhibitory phosphorylation of Cdk 1 Clb2 complex . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P30307 and P06493	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
The Cdc 25 phosphatase promotes entry into mitosis through the removal of inhibitory phosphorylations on the Cdc 2 subunit of the Cdc2 / CyclinB complex . ^^^ After the initial activation of Cdc 25 and consequent derepression of Cdc2 / CyclinB , Cdc 25 is further activated through a Cdc 2 catalyzed positive feedback loop . ^^^ We report here that phosphorylation of S 285 by Cdc 2 greatly enhances recruitment of PP 1 to Cdc 25 , thereby accelerating S 287 dephosphorylation and mitotic entry . ^^^ Moreover , we show that two other previously reported sites of Cdc 2 catalyzed phosphorylation on Cdc 25 are required for maximal biological activity of Cdc 25 , but they do not contribute to PP 1 regulation and do not act solely through controlling S 287 phosphorylation . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P30307 and P06493	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
This analysis predicts that cancer cells manifesting a stem cell like expression profile of a death from cancer signature would exhibit the following features : a concomitantly increased expression of certain members of inhibitor of apoptosis protein ( IAP ) family ( Survivin and XIAP ) ; activation of mitotic spindle check point proteins ( BUB 1 , BUB 3 , KNTC 2 , Mad 2 , PLK 1 , PLK 4 , STK6 / Aurora A ) ; and elevated levels of certain cell cycle control / marker proteins ( CCNB 1 , CCNB 2 , CCND 1 , CCNA 2 , CDC 2 , CDC 25 , Ki 67 , USP 22 ) . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P30307 and P06493	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
This inhibition coincided with increased tyrosine phosphorylation of cdc 2 and was reversed by the cdc25C phosphatase in vitro . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P30307 and P06493	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Cell cycle regulation of the cyclin A , cdc25C and cdc 2 genes is based on a common mechanism of transcriptional repression . ^^^ In addition , the cdc25C , cyclin A and cdc 2 genes share an identical 5 bp region ( ' cell cycle genes homology region ' ; CHR ) starting at an identical position , six nucleotides 3 ' to the CDE . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P30307 and P06493	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
We investigated the possibility that this might be due to a suppression of cdc25C phosphatase activity . cdc25C from interphase cells migrated as a 54 to 57 kDa doublet in SDS gels and exhibited basal phosphatase activity . cdc25C from mitotic cells migrated as a 66 kDa hyperphosphorylated species and exhibited elevated phosphatase activity . cdc25C hyperphosphorylation and activation were mediated by cdc 2 , supporting the view of a cdc 2 cdc25C autocatalytic feedback loop . ^^^ Immunofluorescence and cell fractionation studies suggested cdc 2 cdc25C interaction occurred within the cytoplasm . ^^^ Cells arrested in G 2 phase following nitrogen mustard treatment or cells arrested in S phase with aphidicolin failed to dephosphorylate and activate cdc 2 , and this correlated with failure to convert cdc25C into the most active hyperphosphorylated species . ^^^ Our findings suggest that checkpoints guarding against mitotic entry in the presence of unreplicated or damaged DNA suppress formation of the cdc 2 cdc25C autocatalytic feedback loop that normally brings about rapid activation of cdc2 . . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P30307 and P06493	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
The cdc25C phosphorylated in vitro by p34cdc2 protein kinase exhibits a 2 3 fold higher activity than the nonphosphorylated cdc25C , as assayed by activation of inactive cdc 2 prokinase . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P30307 and P06493	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Northern and Western blotting detection reveals that unlike cdc25B , cdc25C and cdc 2 , cdc25A is predominantly expressed in late G 1 . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P30307 and P06493	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Cyclin A 1 , B 1 , B 2 , and E 1 levels , Cdc 2 and Cdk 2 kinase activity , and Cdc25C phosphorylation states were monitored during early Xenopus embryonic cell cycles . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P30307 and P06493	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Surprisingly , E2F mediated repression is dependent on a contiguous corepressor element that resembles the CHR previously established as a corepressor of the CDE in cell cycle genes derepressed in S / G2 , such as cyclin A , cdc 2 and cdc25C . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P30307 and P06493	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
This lack of cdc 2 activation which should occur for entry into M phase appeared to be related to the down regulation of cdc25C phosphatase found in both differentiated HEL and MEG 01 cells . ^^^ Together , our results suggest that in differentiating megakaryoblastic cells endoreplication is accompanied by sustained levels of cyclins A and E , and a lack of cdc 2 activation , which is probably mediated through down regulation of cdc25C protein phosphatase . . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P30307 and P06493	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Regulation of the acquisition of meiotic competence in the mouse : changes in the subcellular localization of cdc 2 , cyclin B 1 , cdc25C and wee 1 , and in the concentration of these proteins and their transcripts . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P30307 and P06493	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Isolation of the gene for human CENP A revealed a regulatory motif in the promoter region that directs the late S / G2 expression of other cell cycle dependent transcripts such as cdc 2 , cdc25C , and cyclin A . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P30307 and P06493	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Consistent with altered mitotic checkpoint control , cells expressing T displayed elevated protein levels and / or associated activities of the mitotic regulatory proteins cyclin A , cyclin B , Cdc25C and p 34 ( cdc 2 ) . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P30307 and P06493	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
The cdc25C , cdc 2 and cyclin A promoters are controlled by transcriptional repression through two contiguous protein binding sites , termed the CDE and CHR . ^^^ While E2F mediated repression seems to be associated with genes that are up regulated early ( around mid G 1 ) , such as B myb , CDE CHR controlled genes , such as cdc25C , cdc 2 and cyclin A , become derepressed later . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P30307 and P06493	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
The cdc25C , cyclin A and cdc 2 genes are regulated during the cell cycle through two contiguous repressor binding sites , the CDE and CHR , located in the region of transcription initiation and interacting with a factor termed CDF 1 . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P30307 and P06493	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
The ubiquitous transcription factor , NF Y , plays a pivotal role in the cell cycle regulation of the mammalian cyclin A , cdc25C , and cdc 2 genes , in the S phase activation of the ribonucleotide reductase R 2 gene , in addition to its critical role as a key proximal promoter factor in the transcriptional regulation of the albumin , collagen , lipoprotein lipase , major histocompatibility complex class 2 , and a variety of other eukaryotic and viral genes . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P30307 and P06493	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Cdc25C is a dual specificity protein kinase that controls entry into mitosis by dephosphorylating Cdc 2 on both threonine 14 and tyrosine 15 . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P30307 and P06493	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
The cdc25C , cyclin A and cdc 2 genes are regulated during the cell cycle through two contiguous repressor binding sites , the CDE and CHR , located in the region of transcription initiation and interacting with a factor termed CDF 1 . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P30307 and P06493	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
We also noted in the chCTCF promoter several elements previously characterized in cell cycle regulated genes , including the `` cell cycle dependent element ' ' and `` cell cycle gene homology region ' ' motifs shown to be important for S / G2 specific up regulation of cdc25C , cdc 2 , cyclin A , and Plk ( polo like kinase ) gene promoters . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P30307 and P06493	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Okadaic acid induced entry into mitosis is accompanied by partial activation of Cdc25C and may be prevented by tyrosine phosphatase inhibitors and by the protein kinase inhibitor staurosporine , suggesting that Cdc25C and kinases distinct from Cdc 2 are required for these mitotic events . ^^^ The data underline the importance of a tyrosine phosphatase , possibly Cdc25C , and of kinases other than Cdc 2 in the structural changes the cell undergoes at mitosis , and indicate that entry into mitosis involves the activation of multiple kinases working in concert with Cdc 2 kinase . . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P30307 and P06493	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Using an electrophoretic mobility shift assay , specific binding of CBF / cdc2 to the CCAAT box motifs of the human cdc 2 , cycA and cdc25C promoters was detected , suggesting that transcription of these cell cycle regulatory genes are coordinately activated by CBF / cdc2 . . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P30307 and P06493	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
UCN 01 abrogates G 2 arrest through a Cdc 2 dependent pathway that is associated with inactivation of the Wee1Hu kinase and activation of the Cdc25C phosphatase . ^^^ Having established that UCN 01 acted through Cdc 2 , we next assessed UCN 01 ' s effect on the Cdc 2 inhibitory kinase , Wee1Hu , and the Cdc 2 activating phosphatase , Cdc25C . ^^^ Our results suggest that UCN 01 abrogates G 2 checkpoint function through inhibition of a kinase residing upstream of Cdc 2 , Wee1Hu , and Cdc25C , and that changes observed in these mitotic regulators are downstream consequences of UCN 01 ' s actions . . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P30307 and P06493	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
These mechanisms are likely to make the mitotic activation of CDC 2 ( which is accompanied by the nuclear translocation of both CDC 2 cyclin B 1 and its activator , CDC25C ) and the growth factor induced activation of MAP kinase ( which , upon sustained activation , concentrates in the nucleus and might thereby partially saturate the relevant MAP kinase phosphatases ) more switch like . . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P30307 and P06493	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
METHODS : Expression of cyclin B 1 , cdc 2 , cdc25c , total protein and DNA content were examined by flow cytometry in two lung cancer cell lines . ^^^ Changes in cdc 2 , cdc25c and p 16 paralleled changes in total protein . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P30307 and P06493	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Chk 1 kinase , a DNA damage / replication G 2 checkpoint kinase , has recently been shown to phosphorylate and inhibit Cdc25C , a Cdc 2 Tyr 15 phosphatase , thereby directly linking the G 2 checkpoint to negative regulation of Cdc 2 . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P30307 and P06493	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Increased expression of cyclin B 1 and Cdc25C inhibited the Gadd 45 mediated G2 / M arrest in human fibroblasts , indicating that the mechanism of Gadd 45 mediated G2 / M checkpoint is at least in part through modulation of the activity of the G 2 specific kinase , cyclin B1 / p34 ( cdc 2 ) . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P30307 and P06493	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
In the present study , we have analysed the effect of the SV 40 large T oncoprotein ( SV LT ) on the function of a different cell cycle regulated transcriptional repressor , CDF , which is the principal regulator of the cdc25C , cyclin A and cdc 2 genes . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P30307 and P06493	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
K252a induces cell cycle arrest and apoptosis by inhibiting Cdc 2 and Cdc25c . ^^^ Consistent with cell cycle arrest , K252a was shown to hypophosphorylate Rb , upregulate p 21 , and decrease Cdc 2 and Cdc25c activity . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P30307 and P06493	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
We also demonstrate that although the 1 , 25D ( 3 ) treated cells exhibit elevated levels of cyclin B 1 , Cdc25C , and Cdk 7 , which are positive regulators of the G ( 2 ) / M traverse , these cells have decreased protein levels of p 34 ( cdc 2 ) and decreased p 34 ( cdc 2 ) kinase activity . ^^^ The data also suggest that the ability of some cells to traverse this block may be the result of cellular compensatory mechanisms responding to decreased p 34 ( cdc 2 ) activity by increasing the levels of other regulators of the G ( 2 ) traverse , such as cyclin B 1 , Cdc25C , and Cdk7 . . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P30307 and P06493	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Microinjection of mRNA encoding S128D / T201D Plx 1 into Xenopus oocytes induced directly the activation of both Cdc25C and cyclin B Cdc 2 . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P30307 and P06493	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
This correlated with elevated Cdc 2 tyrosine 15 phosphorylation , decreased Cdc 2 activity , and decreased Cdc25C protein levels . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P30307 and P06493	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
The 5 ' element ( Cell Cycle Responsive Element : CCRE ; cell Cycle Dependent Element : CDE ) is clearly occupied in a cyclic manner in vivo , whereas the 3 ' element , whose sequence is shared by B myb , cdc25C and cdc 2 genes ( cell Cycle gene Homology Region : CHR ) , is involved in more subtle interactions . ^^^ In the present work we have characterized an activity present in quiescent cells and absent in cells blocked in S phase , which binds specifically to cyclin A CHR , but not to B myb , or to cdc25C , or to cdc 2 CHRs . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P30307 and P06493	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Furthermore , we also observed down regulation and degradation of Cdc25C , which is a marker of cell proliferation , and plays important role in CyclinB Cdk 1 complex activation . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P30307 and P06493	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
The bipartite repressor elements , termed cell cycle dependent element ( CDE ) / cell cycle regulatory element ( CCRE ) cell cycle homology region ( CHR ) control the growth dependent transcription of the cyclin A , cdc25C , cdc 2 genes . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P30307 and P06493	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
We show that bFGF treatment inhibits Tyr 15 dephosphorylation of cdc 2 and prevents activation of Cdc25C , similar to what is seen upon activation of the G ( 2 ) DNA damage checkpoint . ^^^ Expression of this Cdc25C mutant can revert the bFGF induced effects on cdc 2 phosphorylation and can rescue cells from the block in G ( 2 ) imposed by bFGF . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P30307 and P06493	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Consistent with its ability to slightly increase the quantity of hyperphosphorylated p 34 ( cdc 2 ) , DADS , 25 or 50 microM , decreased cdc25C protein expression by 23 and 46 % , respectively ( P < 0 . 05 ) . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P30307 and P06493	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
The activity of cdc 2 associated kinase was decreased , which was accompanied by the up regulation of cdc 2 phosphorylation ( cdc 2 Tyr15 phosphorylation ) resulting from reduction of cdc25B and cdc25C phosphatases . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P30307 and P06493	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
We report that overexpression of CDC25B or CDC25C overrides an established CDT induced G 2 cell cycle arrest and leads the cells to accumulate in an abnormal mitotic stage with condensed chromatin and high CDK 1 activity . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P30307 and P06493	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
BACKGROUND : Activation of the cyclin dependent kinase cdc 2 cyclin B 1 at the G2 / M transition of the cell cycle requires dephosphorylation of threonine 14 and tyrosine 15 in cdc 2 , which in higher eukaryotes is brought about by the Cdc25C phosphatase . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P30307 and P06493	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
These cells express increased amounts of cdc 2 but not cdc25c . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P30307 and P06493	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
We show that p 21 blocks the activating phosphorylation of Cdc 2 on Thr ( 161 ) . p 21 does not interfere with the dephosphorylation of two inhibitory phosphorylation sites on Cdc 2 , Thr ( 14 ) and Tyr ( 15 ) , indicating that p 21 targets a different event in Cdc 2 activation as the well described DNA damage checkpoint pathway involving Chk 1 and Cdc25C . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P30307 and P06493	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Furthermore , the protein kinase complexes consisting of cyclin A 1 and either Cdc 2 or Cdk 2 phosphorylate both Cdc25A and Cdc25C in vitro . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P30307 and P06493	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Chk 1 phosphorylates cdc25C on serine 216 and inactivates it whereas cdc25C dephosphorylates tyrosine 15 phosphate of cdc 2 and activates the cdc 2 cyclin B complex . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P30307 and P06493	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
We had identified earlier a tandem promoter element named cell cycle dependent element ( CDE ) and cell cycle genes homology region ( CHR ) which regulates cell cycle dependent transcription of cdc25C , cyclin A and cdc 2 . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P30307 and P06493	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Overexpression of cdc25C phosphatase , the mitotic activator of cdc 2 , results in suppression of a p 53 induced growth arrest . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P30307 and P06493	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Acquisition of meiotic competence in mouse oocytes : absolute amounts of p 34 ( cdc 2 ) , cyclin B 1 , cdc25C , and wee 1 in meiotically incompetent and competent oocytes . ^^^ We report measurements of the absolute mass of p 34 ( cdc 2 ) and cyclin B 1 , as well as the two proximal regulators of MPF , namely cdc25C and wee 1 , in meiotically incompetent and competent mouse oocytes . ^^^ We find that the numbers of molecules of p 34 ( cdc 2 ) , cyclin B 1 , cdc25C , and wee 1 in meiotically incompetent oocytes are 1 . 4 10 10 ( 6 ) , 11 . 3 10 10 ( 6 ) , 24 . 6 10 10 ( 6 ) , 15 . 6 10 10 ( 6 ) , respectively , and in meiotically competent oocytes the numbers are 14 . 3 10 10 ( 6 ) , 95 . 5 10 10 ( 6 ) , 80 . 0 10 10 ( 6 ) , 40 . 1 10 10 ( 6 ) , respectively . ^^^ Last , the concentration of cdc25C is greater than that of wee 1 and the concentration of each is greater than that of p 34 ( cdc 2 ) in both meiotically incompetent and competent oocytes . . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P30307 and P06493	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
During normal cell cycles , the function of mitotic cyclin cdk 1 complexes , as well as of cdc25C phosphatase , is required for G 2 phase progression . ^^^ Accordingly , the G 2 arrest induced by DNA damage is associated with a down regulation of mitotic cyclins , cdk 1 , and cdc25C phosphatase expression . ^^^ We asked whether the CCAAT binding NF Y modulates mitotic cyclins , cdk 1 , and cdc25C gene transcription during this type of G 2 arrest . ^^^ Furthermore , a dominant negative p 53 protein , impairing doxorubicin induced G 2 arrest , prevents transcriptional down regulation of the mitotic cyclins , cdk 1 , and cdc25C genes . ^^^ We conclude that , as already demonstrated for cdk 1 , NF Y mediates the transcriptional inhibition of the mitotic cyclins and the cdc25C genes during p 53 dependent G 2 arrest induced by DNA damage . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P30307 and P06493	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
The Cdc25C activity for the dephosphorylation of Tyr 15 in Cdc 2 was suppressed by pretreatment with the active form of PKN . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P30307 and P06493	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Mitotic phosphorylation of cdc25C and activation of cdk 1 was blocked by dominant negative PLK 1 in human mammary epithelial cells as well as in the tumor lines regardless of whether they underwent mitotic catastrophe . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P30307 and P06493	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
The bacterial cytolethal distending toxin ( CDT ) triggers a G2 / M cell cycle arrest in eukaryotic cells by inhibiting the CDC25C phosphatase dependent CDK 1 dephosphorylation and activation . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P30307 and P06493	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
In mammalian cells , the G ( 2 ) checkpoint prevents the Cdc25C phosphatase from removing inhibitory phosphate groups from the mitosis promoting kinase Cdc 2 . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P30307 and P06493	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Effects of genistein on cell proliferation and cell cycle arrest in nonneoplastic human mammary epithelial cells : involvement of Cdc 2 , p 21 ( waf / cip1 ) , p 27 ( kip 1 ) , and Cdc25C expression . ^^^ Down regulation of the cell cycle associated phosphatase Cdc25C combined with up regulation of p 21 ( waf / cip1 ) expression appear to be important mechanisms by which genistein decreases Cdc 2 kinase activity and causes G 2 cell cycle arrest . . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P30307 and P06493	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
The inactivation of Cdc25C and consequently , the inactivation of Cdc 2 , are required for the G 2 arrest induced by DNA damage . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P30307 and P06493	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Finally , the phosphorylation status of Cdc 2 , the timing of entry into mitosis , and the cellular response to DNA damage were unperturbed in mouse embryo fibroblasts lacking Cdc25C . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P30307 and P06493	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
The cdc25C phosphatase dephosphorylates cdc 2 kinase which then in complex with cyclin B can catalyse transition from the G ( 2 ) phase to mitosis . ^^^ In general down regulation of cdc25C transcription by reducing the levels of active cdc 2 kinase contributes to G ( 2 ) arrest and G ( 2 ) / M checkpoint control . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P30307 and P06493	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
U87MG glioma cells treated with TMZ underwent G ( 2 ) M arrest associated with Chk 1 activation and phosphorylation of both cdc25C and cdc 2 . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P30307 and P06493	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Vanadate also increased p 21 and Chk 1 levels and reduced Cdc25C expression , leading to phosphorylation of Cdc 2 and a slight increase in cyclin B 1 expression as analyzed by Western blot . ^^^ Several regulatory pathways are involved : ( 1 ) activation of p 21 , ( 2 ) an increase of Chk 1 expression and inhibition of Cdc25C , which results in phosphorylation of Cdc 2 and possible inactivation of cyclin B1 / Cdc2 complex . . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P30307 and P06493	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
This was associated with disruption of cell cycle related events , including hyperphosphorylation and inhibition of p 34 ( cdc 2 ) kinase activity , phosphorylation of cdc25C , and alteration in cyclin B 1 expression . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P30307 and P06493	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
It phosphorylates and inactivates the Cdc 2 activating phosphatase Cdc25C . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P30307 and P06493	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Ubiquitination of Plk 1 by Chfr delays the activation of the Cdc25C phosphatase and the inactivation of the Wee 1 kinase , leading to a delay in Cdc 2 activation . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P30307 and P06493	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Apigenin treatment also had no effect on the protein level or activity of the competing phosphatase , cdc25c , which dephosphorylates p 34 ( cdc 2 ) kinase at Tyr 15 . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P30307 and P06493	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
CDK 2 activity was suppressed by caffeine , whereas activity of CDC 2 was enhanced by suppressing phosphorylation on Tyr 15 and by interfering with 14 3 3 binding to CDC25C . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P30307 and P06493	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
The cdc25C phosphatase participates in regulating transition from the G 2 phase of the cell cycle to mitosis by dephosphorylating cyclin dependent kinase 1 . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P30307 and P06493	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
At the G ( 2 ) / M transition of the cell cycle , the cdc25c phosphatase dephosphorylates inhibitory residues of cdc 2 , and cyclin B cdc 2 kinase ( MPF ) is activated . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P30307 and P06493	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Systematic mutagenesis of the DRS enabled a consensus to be derived , and it is notable that this sequence is compatible with cell cycle gene homology region sequences associated with cell cycle dependent elements in the cyclin A , cdc 2 , and CDC25C promoters . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P30307 and P06493	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Furthermore , Western blotting results showed that in p 53 ( / ) cells vanadate caused cdc25C degradation and activation of phospho cdc 2 without alteration of the p 21 level . ^^^ In p 53 ( + / + ) cells , vanadate increased the expression of p 21 and degraded cdc25A instead of cdc25C without any effect on cdc 2 . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P30307 and P06493	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
We recently reported that genistein treatment of the immortalized but nonmalignant human mammary epithelial cell line MCF 10F resulted in growth arrest of MCF 10F cells in the G 2 phase of the cell cycle , a large induction of the Tyr 15 phosphorylation of Cdc 2 ( along with decreased activity of Cdc 2 ) , increased expression of p 21 ( waf / cip1 ) and decreased expression of the cell cycle phosphatase Cdc25C . ^^^ We also showed that p 38 is involved in genistein induced changes in Cdc 2 phosphorylation and that the downregulation of Cdc25C expression by genistein is through the p 38 pathway . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P30307 and P06493	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
The increased sensitivity to etoposide induced G ( 2 ) M arrest was associated with disruption of cell cycle related events , including hyperphosphorylation of p 34 ( cdc 2 ) kinase , change in cdc25C expression and phosphorylation , and alteration in cyclin B 1 expression . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P30307 and P06493	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
In vitro kinase assay showed that induction of kpm wt led to down regulation of kinase activity of the Cdc 2 cyclin B complex , which was accompanied by an increase in the hyperphosphorylated form of Cdc 2 and a change of phosphorylation status of Cdc25C . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P30307 and P06493	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
This p 14 ( ARF ) induced G ( 2 ) arrest was correlated with inhibition of CDC 2 activity , inactivation of CDC25C phosphatase and induction of the CDK inhibitor p 21 ( WAFI ) . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P30307 and P06493	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
In particular , augmentation of CDK inhibitors p21cip1 and p27kip1 and Wee 1 kinase and diminution of CDC25C phosphatase coincided with induced Tyr 15 phosphorylation and inhibition of CDC 2 . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P30307 and P06493	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Both down regulation of cell cycle regulators ( p34cdc2 , cyclin B 1 and cdc25C ) and decreased association between p34cdc2 and cyclin B 1 were found to be associated with the activity of cdc 2 kinase abated after the H . pylori infection . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P30307 and P06493	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Exposure of cells to vanadate led to cell growth arrest at the G ( 2 ) / M phase and caused upregulation of p 21 and phospho cdc 2 and degradation of cdc25C in a time and dose dependent manner . ^^^ PD 98059 , an inhibitor of ERK , and SB 202190 , an inhibitor of p 38 , inhibited vanadate induced cell growth arrest , upregulation of p 21 and cdc 2 , and degradation of cdc25C . ^^^ ROS activate ERK and p 38 , which in turn upregulate p 21 and cdc 2 and cause degradation of cdc25C , leading to cell growth arrest at the G ( 2 ) / M phase . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P30307 and P06493	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
SAPK directly phosphorylated the cdc 2 regulator , cdc25c , in vitro on serine 168 ( S 168 ) . ^^^ We conclude that SAPK regulates cdc2 / cyclin B kinase following stress events by a novel mechanism involving inhibitory phosphorylation of the cdc 2 activating phosphatase cdc25c on S168 . . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P30307 and P06493	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
The RRASK motif in Xenopus cyclin B 2 is required for the substrate recognition of Cdc25C by the cyclin B Cdc 2 complex . ^^^ We show that this conserved sequence in Xenopus cyclin B 2 , termed the RRASK motif , is required for the substrate recognition by the cyclin B Cdc 2 complex of Cdc25C . ^^^ Cdc 2 bound to the cyclin B 2 RRASK mutant was not dephosphorylated by Cdc25C , and as a result , the complex was inactive . ^^^ The cyclin B 2 RRASK mutants can form a complex with the constitutively active Cdc 2 , but a resulting active complex did not phosphorylate a preferred substrate Cdc25C in vitro , although it can phosphorylate the non specific substrate histone H 1 . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P30307 and P06493	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
A 24 h treatment of PC 3 and LNCaP cells with 20 micro M AITC caused a significant decrease in the levels of proteins that regulate G ( 2 ) / M progression , including Cdk 1 ( 32 50 % reduction ) , Cdc25B ( 44 48 % reduction ) and Cdc25C ( > 90 % reduction ) . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P30307 and P06493	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
The activity of cdc 2 associated kinase was decreased , which was accompanied by reduction of cdc25C phosphatase . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P30307 and P06493	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Our results show that the mRNA and protein levels of the G ( 2 ) / M regulators cdc 2 , cyclin B 1 and cdc25C are down regulated in MCF7TDX cells , while unaffected in MCF 7 cells . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P30307 and P06493	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Immunoprecipitation data showed 14 3 3zeta could bind to CDC25C in irradiated A 549 cells , and suppression of 14 3 3zeta in A 549 cells with antisense resulted in a decrease in CDC25C localization in cytoplasm and CDC 2 phosphorylation on Tyr 15 . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P30307 and P06493	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
A stronger G 2 M arrest by these combinations was accompanied by a substantial decrease in the levels of cdc 2 , cyclin B 1 and cdc25C . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P30307 and P06493	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
We examined the ATM , chk 2 , CDC25C , cdc 2 , and cyclin B 1 protein expression by immunohistochemistry . ^^^ Elevated or reduced expression rates of ATM , chk 2 , CDC25C , cdc 2 and cyclin B 1 were 4 . 5 % ( 1 / 22 ) , 0 % , 0 % , 0 % and 4 . 5 % ( 1 / 22 ) in EH and 3 . 3 % ( 2 / 61 ) , 4 . 9 % ( 3 / 61 ) , 13 . 1 % ( 8 / 61 ) , 9 . 8 % ( 6 / 61 ) and 9 . 8 % ( 6 / 61 ) in EC . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P30307 and P06493	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Furthermore , activation of p38alpha in MMR proficient cells was associated with nuclear inactivation of the cell cycle regulator Cdc25C phosphatase and its downstream target Cdc 2 and with activation of the G ( 2 ) checkpoint , actions which were suppressed by the p38alpha / beta inhibitors SB 203580 and SB 202590 or by expression of a p38alpha siRNA . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P30307 and P06493	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
The mechanism involves inhibition of the enzymatic activity for polo like kinase 1 ( Plk 1 ) , rendering Cdc25C with a basal phosphatase activity that is insufficient for converting Cdc 2 to the fully active G2 / M transition kinase . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P30307 and P06493	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
In addition , salvinal treatment resulted in upregulation of cyclin B 1 levels , activation of Cdc 2 kinase , and Cdc25c phosphorylation . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P30307 and P06493	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Chk 2 and Cdk 1 phosphorylation and Cdc25C expression also differed between FN and polystyrene cultures . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P30307 and P06493	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Colony forming assays , flow cytometric DNA analysis , immunoblotting ( Chk 1 , Chk 2 , Cdc25C , Cdk 1 , 14 3 3 , p 53 , p 21 ) , and protein kinase assays ( ILK , PKBalpha / Akt , GSK 3beta ) were performed with or without PI3K inhibition using LY 294002 or wortmannin . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P30307 and P06493	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Furthermore , phosphorylation / inactivation of Cdc25C phosphatase , which dephosphorylates / activates Cdc 2 , was increased . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P30307 and P06493	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Activation occurs by dephosphorylation of the inhibitory residues , threonine 14 ( T 14 ) and tyrosine 15 ( Y 15 ) , on Cdc 2 by the Cdc25C phosphatase . ^^^ Furthermore , translocation of Cdc25C to the nucleus was accompanied by a decrease in Cdc 2 phosphorylation on Y 15 . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P30307 and P06493	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Transient transfection assays show that YA aa inhibits transcription from the NF Y target promoters , such as cdc 2 , cyclin A , and cdc25C . ^^^ We constructed a recombinant adenovirus encoding YA aa and found that YA aa expression leads to repression of cell cycle regulatory genes , such as cyclin A , RNR R 2 , DNA polymerase alpha , cdc 2 , cyclin B , and cdc25C . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P30307 and P06493	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Further , the G ( 2 ) / M arrest by silibinin in TCC SUP cells was associated with a decrease in pCdc25c ( Ser 216 ) , Cdc25c , pCdc 2 ( Tyr 15 ) , Cdc 2 and cyclin B 1 protein levels . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P30307 and P06493	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
The PEITC induced cell cycle arrest was associated with a > 80 % reduction in the protein levels of cyclin dependent kinase 1 ( Cdk 1 ) and cell division cycle 25C ( Cdc25C ; 24 h after treatment with 10 micro M PEITC ) , which led to an accumulation of Tyr ( 15 ) phosphorylated ( inactive ) Cdk 1 . ^^^ On the other hand , PITC treatment neither reduced protein levels of Cdk 1 or Cdc25C nor affected Cdk 1 phosphorylation . ^^^ The PEITC induced decline in Cdk 1 and Cdc25C protein levels and cell cycle arrest were significantly blocked on pretreatment of PC 3 cells with proteasome inhibitor lactacystin . ^^^ In conclusion , our data indicate that PEITC induced cell cycle arrest in PC 3 cells is likely due to proteasome mediated degradation of Cdc25C and Cdk 1 , and ectopic expression of Bcl 2 fails to confer resistance to PEITC induced apoptosis . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P30307 and P06493	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Measurements of cyclin A and B protein levels , Cdk 2 and Cdc 2 kinase activities , Cdc25C phosphorylation , and Chk 1 kinase activity were consistent with UCN 01 induced abrogation of the S / G2 phase checkpoint in ara C treated cells . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P30307 and P06493	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
We showed that Chfr is a ubiquitin ligase that targets polo like kinase ( Plk 1 ) for degradation , leading to delayed activation of the Cdc25C phosphatase and prolonged inhibitory phosphorylation of Cdc 2 at the G2 / M transition . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P30307 and P06493	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
The p 38 inhibitor SB 203580 or the Chk 1 inhibitor UCN 01 or their combination blocked TMZ mediated inactivation of cdc25C and cdc 2 , suggesting that p 38 and Chk 1 pathways work cooperatively and are both necessary to inactivate cdc25C and cdc 2 . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P30307 and P06493	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Additional studies indicate that the effect of BPR0L075 on cell cycle arrest is associated with an increase in cyclin B 1 levels and a mobility shift of Cdc 2 and Cdc25C . ^^^ The changes in Cdc 2 and Cdc25C coincide with the appearance of phosphoepitopes recognized by a marker of mitosis , MPM 2 . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P30307 and P06493	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
We examined human papillomavirus ( HPV ) typing and the status of ATM , chk 2 , CDC25C , cdc 2 and cyclinB 1 in cervical intraepithelial neoplasia ( CIN ) and invasive cancer ( IC ) . ^^^ We analyzed ATM , chk 2 , CDC25C , cdc 2 and cyclinB 1 protein expression by immunohistochemistry . ^^^ Abnormal expression of ATM , chk 2 , CDC25C , cdc 2 and cyclinB 1 were 2 . 9 % , 32 . 4 % , 2 . 9 % 20 . 6 % and 0 % in CINs and 8 . 2 % , 30 . 6 % , 10 . 2 % , 46 . 9 % and 12 . 2 % in ICs . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P30307 and P06493	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
The two subunits of MPF , p 34 ( cdc 2 ) and cyclin B , were shown to be included in the substrates phosphorylated by PKC in fertilized mouse eggs , while PKC modulator affected the electrophoretic mobility shift of cdc 2 and cdc25C by dephosphorylation and phosphorylation . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P30307 and P06493	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Immunoblotting showed that fungerin led to hyperphosphorylation for Cdc25C and dephosphorylation of Cdc 2 , indicating that the compound arrests the cell cycle at the M phase . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P30307 and P06493	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Expression of wee 1 and the correlated cell cycle components , namely cdc 2 , cyclin B 1 , and cdc25C , was evaluated by immunohistochemistry . ^^^ The results of the present study led to the conclusion that wee 1 , without the counteracting cdc25C , would cause meiotic arrest of oocytes by inhibitory phosphorylation of cdc 2 . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P30307 and P06493	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
The p 14 ( ARF ) induced depletion of p 34 ( cdc 2 ) was associated with impaired cdc25C phosphatase expression and a prominent shift to inhibitory Tyr 15 phosphorylation in G ( 2 ) arrested cells lacking either p 53 , p 21 , or both . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P30307 and P06493	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Genistein downregulated cdc25C and cdk 1 as well as anti apoptotic proteins survivin and Ian 5 . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P30307 and P06493	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Blockade of cell cycle was associated with increased p21 / WAF1 levels and reduced amounts of cyclinB 1 , cyclinA , Cdc 2 , and Cdc25C in a p 53 independent manner . ^^^ Asiatic acid also reduced Cdc 2 function by increasing the association of p21 / WAF1 / Cdc2 complex and the level of inactivated phospho Cdc 2 and phospho Cdc25C . ^^^ Asiatic acid was likely to confine the breast cancer cells in the S G2 / M phase mainly through the p 38 pathway , because both SB 203580 and p 38 small interfering RNA ( siRNA ) inhibition significantly attenuated the accumulation of inactive phospho Cdc 2 and phospho Cdc25C proteins and the cell numbers of S G2 / M phase . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P30307 and P06493	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Western blotting showed the loss of phosphorylated forms of Cdc 2 and Cdc25C that allowed progression into mitosis . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P30307 and P06493	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Importantly , CT 32615 inhibits growth of DHL 4 cells in a time and dose dependent fashion : a transient G2 / M cell cycle arrest induced by CT 32615 is mediated via downregulation of cdc25c and cdc 2 . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P30307 and P06493	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Chromatin immunoprecipitation experiments indicated that p 53 is associated with cyclin B 2 , CDC25C , and Cdc 2 promoters in vivo before and after DNA damage , requiring DNA bound NF Y . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P30307 and P06493	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
This change is associated with a marked reduction in regulators of S ( cyclin A , cyclin dependent kinase ( cdk ) 2 ) , G2 / M ( cyclin B 1 , cdk 1 , cdc25c ) and G 1 ( cyclin D 1 , cyclin E , cdk 2 , cdk 4 ) phase , and an increase in p 21 and p 27 level . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P30307 and P06493	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Moreover , beta elemene reduced the expression of Cdc25C , which dephosphorylates / activates Cdc 2 , but enhanced the expression of the checkpoint kinase , Chk 2 , which phosphorylates / inactivates Cdc25C . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P30307 and P06493	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Finally , the combination of beta elemene and cisplatin was found to increase the phosphorylation of Cdc 2 and Cdc25C , which leads to a reduction in Cdc 2 cyclin B 1 activity . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P30307 and P06493	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
This was achieved by transiently maintaining Cdc25C , the activator of Cdc 2 , both in low levels and in a phosphorylated on Ser 216 inactive form that binds to 14 3 3 proteins contributing thus to the nuclear exclusion of Cdc25C . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P30307 and P06493	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Temozolomide treated control cells activated the DNA damage signal transducers Chk 1 , Chk 2 , and p 38 , leading to Cdc25C and Cdc 2 inactivation , prolonged G 2 arrest , and loss of clonagenicity by a combination of senescence and mitotic catastrophe . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P30307 and P06493	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
We have shown previously that diallyl trisulfide ( DATS ) , a constituent of processed garlic , inhibits proliferation of PC 3 and DU 145 human prostate cancer cells by causing G ( 2 ) M phase cell cycle arrest in association with inhibition of cyclin dependent kinase 1 activity and hyperphosphorylation of Cdc25C at Ser ( 216 ) . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P30307 and P06493	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Resveratrol causes Cdc 2 tyr15 phosphorylation via ATM / ATR Chk1 / 2 Cdc25C pathway as a central mechanism for S phase arrest in human ovarian carcinoma Ovcar 3 cells . ^^^ The involvement of these molecules in resveratrol induced S phase was also supported by the studies showing that addition of ATM / ATR inhibitor caffeine reverses resveratrol caused activation of ATM / ATR Chk1 / 2 as well as phosphorylation of Cdc25C , Cdc 2 and H2A . ^^^ These findings for the first time identify that resveratrol causes Cdc 2 tyr15 phosphorylation via ATM / ATR Chk1 / 2 Cdc25C pathway as a central mechanism for DNA damage and S phase arrest selectively in ovarian cancer cells , and provide a rationale for the potential efficacy of ATM / ATR agonists in the prevention and intervention of cancer . . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P30307 and P06493	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Furthermore , these agents block inactivation of the cell cycle regulatory molecules Cdc25C and Cdc 2 , establishing the downstream mechanism through which high dose MNNG establishes G ( 2 ) arrest . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P30307 and P06493	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
In this study , we have studied the ability of MG to cause DNA damage , cell cycle arrest in mimosine synchronised and the possible roles of Chk 1 , Chk 2 , Cdc 2 , Cdc25C , 14 3 3 and Cyclin B 1 in control and MG transformed SHE cells in order to understand the differential mechanisms associated with G2 / M checkpoint control . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P30307 and P06493	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Some of Vpr ' s activities have been well described , but some functions , such as cell cycle arrest , are not yet completely characterized , although components of the ATR DNA damage repair pathway and the Cdc25C and Cdc 2 cell cycle control mechanisms clearly play important roles . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P30307 and P06493	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Curcumin induced cell cycle arrest by reducing the expression of cyclin D 1 , Cdk 1 and Cdc25C and apoptosis by reducing the expression of XIAP and survivin . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P30307 and P06493	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
METHODS AND RESULTS : The mRNA transcript levels of CDC 2 , CCNB 1 , CCNB 2 , CDC25A , CDC25B , CDC25C and WEE 1 in the testes of 37 azoospermic patients were examined by quantitative real time polymerase chain reaction . ^^^ Significant decreases in CDC 2 , CCNB 1 , CCNB 2 , CDC25A , CDC25C and WEE 1 mRNA transcript levels were detected in patients with spermatogenic failure . ^^^ Significantly higher CDC 2 , CCNB 1 , CCNB 2 , CDC25C and WEE 1 mRNA transcript levels were detected in 18 patients with successful sperm retrieval than in 11 patients with failed sperm retrieval . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P30307 and P06493	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Previous work identified the cdc 2 activating phosphatase cdc25C and the cdc 2 inhibitory kinase wee 1 as targets of the incomplete replication induced kinase Chk 1 . ^^^ These results argue that in response to checkpoint activation , endogenous wee 1 is indeed a critical responder that functions by repressing the cdc 2 cdc25C positive feedback loop . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P30307 and P06493	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
NF Y transcription factor binds to CCAAT boxes on promoters of cell cycle regulatory genes such as cdc 2 , cyclin B , cdc25C , and cyclin A . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P30307 and P06493	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Analysis of the cell cycle regulatory proteins demonstrated that squamocin did not change the steady state levels of Cdk 2 , Cdk 4 , cyclin A , cyclin B 1 , cyclin D 3 and cyclin E , but decreased the protein levels of Cdk 1 and Cdc25C . ^^^ These results suggest that squamocin inhibits the proliferation of K 562 cells via G2 / M arrest in association with the induction of p 21 , p 27 and the reduction of Cdk 1 and Cdc25C kinase activities . . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P30307 and P06493	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
The protein levels of cell division cycles ( CDC ) 2 and CDC25C and the activity of CDC 2 were also decreased in fisetin treated cells ( P < 0 . 05 ) . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P30307 and P06493	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
AE increased the levels of Wee 1 and cdc25c , and may have led to inhibition of the levels of cyclin dependent kinase 1 and cyclin B 1 , which cause G2 / M arrest . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P30307 and P06493	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
In this study , under treatment with various concentrations of PA in MDA MB 231 cell line , we checked mRNA levels for cyclin A and cyclin B 1 and the protein levels of cyclin A and cyclin B 1 , Cdc 2 ( cyclin dependent kinases ) , p 21 ( waf1 / cip1 ) and P 27 ( Kip 1 ) ( cyclin dependent kinase inhibitors ) , Cdc25C , Chk 2 and Wee 1 kinase ( cyclin dependent kinase relative factors ) in cell cycle G2 / M phase . ^^^ From those results , we determined that PA arrests MDA MB 231 cells at the G2 / M phase by ( 1 ) inhibiting synthesis or stability of mRNA and their downstream protein levels of cyclin A and cyclin B 1 , ( 2 ) increasing p 21 ( waf1 / cip1 ) and P 27 ( kip 1 ) levels , ( 3 ) increasing Chk 2 , thus causing an increase in Cdc25C phosphorylation / inactivation and inducing a decrease in Cdc 2 levels and an increase in Wee 1 level . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P30307 and P06493	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
These data describe a functional role for Plk 3 in a pathway linking ATM , Plk 3 , Chk 2 , Cdc25C and Cdc 2 in cellular response to DNA damage . . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P30307 and P06493	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
This effect was associated with a reduction in the expression of regulatory proteins of G ( 2 ) M ( cyclin dependent kinase 1 and cdc25c ) and S ( cyclin A ) phases , and with an increase in the expression of apoptosis related proteins , such as p 53 and p 21 . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P30307 and P06493	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
However , other G2 / M regulatory molecules , such as cyclin A , Cdc 2 , Cdk 2 , Wee 1 and Cdc25C , were not modulated by curcumin treatment . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P30307 and P06493	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
In addition , protein phosphatase Cdc25C , which functions as a mitotic activator by dephosphorylation of Cdc 2 , decreased in a time dependent manner after rocaglaol treatment . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P30307 and P06493	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
In the present study , the effects of the naturally occurring berberine ( the major constituent of Coptis chinensis ) on the cell cycle , as well as on CDK 1 , cyclin B 1 , 14 3 3sigma , Wee 1 and Cdc25c expressions , were investigated in the human promyelocytic leukemia HL 60 cells and in the murine myelomonocytic leukemia WEHI 3 cells . ^^^ The berberine induced G2 / M phase arrest in both examined cell lines was accompanied by increased levels of Wee 1 and 14 3 3sigma , but decreased levels of Cdc25c , CDK 1 and cyclin B 1 . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P30307 and P06493	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Blockade of cell cycle was associated with increased levels of p 21 and reduced amounts of cyclinB 1 , Cdc 2 , and Cdc25C . ^^^ Plumbagin treatment also enhanced the levels of inactivated phosphorylated Cdc 2 and Cdc25C . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P30307 and P06493	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Cell cycle arrest induced by LOR ( 75 microM , 24 h ) was associated with a significant decrease in protein levels of cyclin B 1 , cell division cycle ( Cdc ) 25B , and Cdc25C , leading to accumulation of Tyr 15 phosphorylated Cdc 2 ( inactive form ) . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P30307 and P06493	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
A treatment of MCF 7 cells with 30 microM CAI caused a time dependent decrease in the levels of proteins that regulate G ( 2 ) / M progression , including Cdk 1 , Cyclin B 1 , and Cdc25C . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P30307 and P06493	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
On the contrary , a decline of cyclin Bl , cdc 2 and cdc25C mRNA and protein expression in SAS cells was found after exposure to sodium butyrate . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P30307 and P06493	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
DNA damage induced down regulation of human Cdc25C and Cdc 2 is mediated by cooperation between p 53 and maintenance DNA ( cytosine 5 ) methyltransferase 1 . ^^^ Cdc25C activates Cdc 2 for entry into mitosis by dephosphorylating Thr and Tyr at the site of inhibitory phosphorylation . ^^^ Here we show that both Cdc25C and Cdc 2 were down regulated in wild type HCT 116 cells but not in p 53 null , DNMT 1 null or DNMT1and DNMT3b null cells , upon p 53 stabilization following doxorubicin mediated DNA damage . ^^^ Furthermore , zebularine , a drug that selectively traps and depletes nuclear DNMT 1 and DNMT3b , relieved p 53 mediated repression of endogenous Cdc25C and Cdc 2 . ^^^ Methylation analysis of the Cdc25C and Cdc 2 promoter displayed internal CG methylation proximal to the p 53 binding site upon DNA damage in a p 53 dependent manner . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P30307 and P06493	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Deletion of FoxM 1 in endothelial cells induced decreased expression of cyclins , Cdc 2 , and Cdc25C , increased p 27 ( Kip 1 ) expression , and decreased Cdk activities . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P30307 and P06493	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
The expression of cyclin A , cyclin B 1 , cdk 1 , and cdc25C , as well as the cdk 1 associated kinase activities , is upregulated after DNA damage , provoking a mutant p53 / NF Y dependent increase in DNA synthesis . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P30307 and P06493	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
NA
Interacting proteins: P30307 and P06493	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
NA
Interacting proteins: P30307 and P06493	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
NA
Interacting proteins: P30307 and P06493	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
NA
Interacting proteins: P30307 and P06493	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
NA
Interacting proteins: P30307 and P06493	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
NA
Interacting proteins: P30307 and P06493	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
NA
Interacting proteins: P30307 and P06493	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
NA
Interacting proteins: P30307 and P06493	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
NA
Interacting proteins: P30307 and P06493	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
NA
Interacting proteins: P30307 and P06493	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
NA
Interacting proteins: P30307 and P06493	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
NA
Interacting proteins: P30307 and P06493	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
NA
Interacting proteins: P30307 and P06493	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
NA
Interacting proteins: P30307 and P06493	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
NA
Interacting proteins: P30307 and P06493	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
NA
Interacting proteins: P30307 and P06493	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
NA
Interacting proteins: P30307 and P06493	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
NA
Interacting proteins: P30307 and P06493	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
NA
Interacting proteins: P30307 and P06493	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
NA
Interacting proteins: P30307 and P06493	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
NA
Interacting proteins: P30307 and P06493	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
NA
Interacting proteins: P30307 and P06493	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
NA
Interacting proteins: P30307 and P06493	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
NA
Interacting proteins: P30307 and P06493	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
NA
Interacting proteins: P30307 and P06493	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
NA
Interacting proteins: P30307 and P06493	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
NA
Interacting proteins: P30307 and P06493	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
NA
Interacting proteins: P30307 and P06493	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
NA
Interacting proteins: P30307 and P06493	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
NA
Interacting proteins: P30307 and P06493	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
NA
Interacting proteins: P30307 and P06493	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
NA
Interacting proteins: P30307 and P06493	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
NA
Interacting proteins: P30307 and P06493	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
NA
Interacting proteins: P30307 and P06493	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
NA
Interacting proteins: P30307 and P06493	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
NA
Interacting proteins: P30307 and P06493	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
NA
Interacting proteins: P30307 and P06493	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
NA
Interacting proteins: P30307 and P06493	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
NA
Interacting proteins: P30307 and P06493	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
NA
Interacting proteins: P30307 and P06493	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
NA
Interacting proteins: P30307 and P06493	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
NA
Interacting proteins: P30307 and P06493	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
NA
Interacting proteins: P30307 and P06493	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
NA
Interacting proteins: P30307 and P06493	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
NA
Interacting proteins: P30307 and P06493	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
NA
Interacting proteins: P30307 and P06493	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
NA
Interacting proteins: P30307 and P06493	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
NA
Interacting proteins: P30307 and P06493	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
NA
Interacting proteins: P30307 and P06493	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
NA
Interacting proteins: P30307 and P06493	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
NA
Interacting proteins: P30307 and P06493	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
NA
Interacting proteins: P30307 and P06493	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
NA
Interacting proteins: P30307 and P06493	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
NA
Interacting proteins: P30307 and P06493	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
NA
Interacting proteins: P30307 and P06493	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
NA
Interacting proteins: P30307 and P06493	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
NA
Interacting proteins: P30307 and P06493	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
NA
Interacting proteins: P30307 and P06493	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
NA
Interacting proteins: P30307 and P06493	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
NA
Interacting proteins: P30307 and P06493	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
NA
Interacting proteins: P30307 and P06493	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
NA
Interacting proteins: P30307 and P06493	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
NA
Interacting proteins: P30307 and P06493	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
NA
Interacting proteins: P30307 and P06493	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
NA
Interacting proteins: P30307 and P06493	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
NA
Interacting proteins: P30307 and P06493	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
NA