| Interacting proteins: Q9HBZ2 and P27540 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.69692186 |
| Arnt 2 interacted with AhR and mouse Sim as efficiently as Arnt , and the Arnt 2 AhR complex recognized and bound specifically the xenobiotic responsive element ( XRE ) sequence . 0.69692186^^^ |
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| Interacting proteins: Q9HBZ2 and P27540 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| Physical localization of the mouse aryl hydrocarbon receptor nuclear translocator 2 ( Arnt 2 ) gene within the c112K deletion . ^^^ The aryl hydrocarbon receptor nuclear translocator 2 ( Arnt 2 ) is completely removed by the c112K deletion and spans 130 170 kb of the interval . ^^^ |
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| Interacting proteins: Q9HBZ2 and P27540 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| The processes responsible for the limited ability to divide and long survival of neurons are not well understood but may involve aryl hydrocarbon receptor nuclear translocator 2 ( ARNT 2 ) , a recently identified protein , apparently belonging to the basic helix loop helix superfamily of transcription factors , which is expressed almost exclusively in brain during the whole lifetime . ^^^ |
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| Interacting proteins: Q9HBZ2 and P27540 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| To better understand the role of the aryl hydrocarbon receptor ( AHR ) signaling pathway in causing tissue specific signs of 2 , 3 , 7 , 8 tetrachlorodibenzo p dioxin ( TCDD ) toxicity in zebrafish , the temporal and spatial expression of the zebrafish aryl hydrocarbon receptor 2 ( zfAHR 2 ) , aryl hydrocarbon receptor nuclear translocator 2 ( zfARNT 2 ) , and an AHR regulated gene , cytochrome P4501A ( zfCYP1A ) , were assessed in larvae exposed to vehicle or TCDD ( 1 . 55 nM ) from 3 4 h postfertilization ( hpf ) . ^^^ |
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| Interacting proteins: Q9HBZ2 and P27540 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| Aryl hydrocarbon receptor nuclear translocator 2 ( ARNT 2 ) : structure , gene mapping , polymorphisms , and candidate evaluation for human orofacial clefts . ^^^ |
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| Interacting proteins: Q9HBZ2 and P27540 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| Estrogen increases messenger RNA and immunoreactivity of aryl hydrocarbon receptor nuclear translocator 2 in the rat mediobasal hypothalamus . ^^^ |
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| Interacting proteins: Q9HBZ2 and P27540 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| This protein , termed Arnt 3 , showed the highest similarity to Arnt and Arnt 2 in the bHLH and PAS regions . ^^^ |
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| Interacting proteins: Q9HBZ2 and P27540 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| Functional diversity of vertebrate ARNT proteins : identification of ARNT 2 as the predominant form of ARNT in the marine teleost , Fundulus heteroclitus . ^^^ Two genes encode different forms of the protein in rodents : ARNT 1 , which is widely expressed , and ARNT 2 , which is limited to the brain and kidneys of adults and specific neural and branchial tissues of embryos . ^^^ Unexpectedly , phylogenetic analysis reveals that the cDNA encodes an ARNT 2 . ^^^ This is the only detectable ARNT sequence in Fundulus liver , gill , ovary , and brain , suggesting that ARNT 2 is the predominant form of ARNT in this species . ^^^ Also surprising is the relative lack of sequence identity with another fish ARNT protein , rainbow trout ARNTb , which we show forms a distinct branch outside the ARNT 1 and ARNT 2 clades in phylogenetic analyses . ^^^ |
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| Interacting proteins: Q9HBZ2 and P27540 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| Cloning and selective expression in brain and kidney of ARNT 2 homologous to the Ah receptor nuclear translocator ( ARNT ) . ^^^ Arnt 2 , a new member of the basic helix loop helix transcription factor family , was cloned from rat brain cDNAs . ^^^ Whereas Arnt 2 gene expression , established by Northern blotting and in situ hybridization histochemistry , occurred selectively in brain and kidney , that of Arnt 1 was ubiquitous , suggesting that the two proteins play distinct roles , presumably via dimerization and DNA binding with different partners . . ^^^ |
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| Interacting proteins: Q9HBZ2 and P27540 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| The predicted novel factor polypeptide had bHLH and PAS domains that were highly homologous with those of Ah receptor nuclear translocator ( Arnt ) and Arnt 2 . ^^^ Expression of the novel bHLH / PAS factor , brain and muscle Arnt like protein 1 ( BMAL 1 ) , was different from that of Arnt and Arnt 2 , suggesting that BMAL 1 has a different function in the CNS and muscle than Arnt and Arnt2 . . ^^^ |
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| Interacting proteins: Q9HBZ2 and P27540 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| Considering these results and that Arnt or Arnt 2 functions as a common partner in the formation of transcriptional regulators with other bHLH / PAS proteins such as AhR , HLF , and HIF 1alpha , the possibility arises that CBP / p300 is extensively involved as a coactivator in the transactivation process by bHLH / PAS ( a conserved sequence motif among Per , Arnt , and Sim ) heterodimer transcription factors through interaction with Arnt or Arnt2 . . ^^^ |
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| Interacting proteins: Q9HBZ2 and P27540 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| Expression of ARNT , ARNT 2 , HIF 1 alpha , HIF 2 alpha and Ah receptor mRNAs in the developing mouse . ^^^ The recent cloning of ARNT and HIF 1 ( homologues ( ARNT 2 and HIF 2 alpha ) indicates that at least six distinct bHLH PAS heterodimeric combinations can occur in response to a number of environmental stimuli . ^^^ |
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| Interacting proteins: Q9HBZ2 and P27540 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| ARNT 2 acts as the dimerization partner of SIM 1 for the development of the hypothalamus . ^^^ ARNT , ARNT 2 , and BMAL 1 are the three known general heterodimerization partners for bHLH PAS proteins . ^^^ Here , we provide evidence that Sim 1 and Arnt 2 form dimers in vitro , that they are co expressed in the PVN and SON , and that their loss of function affects the development of the same sets of neuroendocrine cell types within the PVN and SON . ^^^ Together , these results implicate ARNT 2 as the in vivo dimerization partner of SIM 1 in controlling the development of these neuroendocrine lineages . . ^^^ |
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| Interacting proteins: Q9HBZ2 and P27540 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| We have investigated the transcriptional properties of mSIM 1 and mSIM 2 mediated through the CME element in concert with their dimerization partners , ARNT and ARNT 2 . ^^^ |
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| Interacting proteins: Q9HBZ2 and P27540 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| The role of ARNT 2 in tumor angiogenesis and the neural response to hypoxia . ^^^ ARNT 2 is a conserved ARNT homolog that is highly expressed in neurons , suggesting that ARNT2 / HIF 1alpha heterodimers mediate transcriptional responses to oxygen deprivation in the nervous system . ^^^ We show here that ARNT 2 forms functional HIF complexes in vivo , and that ARNT 2 restores hypoxia induced gene expression to ARNT deficient ES cells and hepatocytes . ^^^ Interestingly , all neural cell types studied accumulate both ARNT and ARNT 2 containing HIF complexes . ^^^ We conclude that ARNT 2 forms functional HIF complexes in neurons and plays an integral role in hypoxic responses in the CNS . . ^^^ |
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| Interacting proteins: Q9HBZ2 and P27540 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| The AINT C terminus mediates interaction with the PAS domain of ARNT in yeast and interacts in vitro with ARNT and ARNT 2 specifically . ^^^ |
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| Interacting proteins: Q9HBZ2 and P27540 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| Therefore , we used a sensitive in situ hybridization histochemical ( ISHH ) method to map the neural expression of AhR mRNA , as well as those of the mRNAs encoding the AhR dimerization partners , arylhydrocarbon receptor nuclear translocator ( ARNT ) and ARNT 2 . ^^^ We found that AhR , ARNT , and ARNT 2 mRNAs were widely distributed throughout the brain and brainstem . ^^^ There was no neuroanatomic evidence that AhR is preferentially colocalized with ARNT or ARNT 2 . ^^^ However , ARNT 2 , unlike ARNT expression , was relatively high in most regions . ^^^ The most noteworthy regions in which we found AhR , ARNT , and ARNT 2 mRNA were several hypothalamic and brainstem regions involved in the regulation of appetite and circadian rhythms , functions that are disrupted by dioxin exposure . ^^^ |
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| Interacting proteins: Q9HBZ2 and P27540 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| Identification and expression of alternatively spliced aryl hydrocarbon nuclear translocator 2 ( ARNT 2 ) cDNAs from zebrafish with distinct functions . ^^^ |
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| Interacting proteins: Q9HBZ2 and P27540 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| Ectopic expression of negative ARNT 2 factor disrupts fish development . ^^^ Previously , we obtained a truncated form of ARNT 2 like factor , ARNT2A , from zebrafish , which encompasses the basic helix loop helix and PAS A / B domains , but lacks a transactivation domain at its carboxyl end . ^^^ Herein , we report another truncated ARNT 2 like factor , ARNT2X , in zebrafish , which differs from ARNT2A at its N terminal region . ^^^ |
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| Interacting proteins: Q9HBZ2 and P27540 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| Two genes encode different forms of ARNT in rodents : ARNT 1 , which is widely expressed , and ARNT 2 , which exhibits a very restricted expression pattern . ^^^ In an effort to characterize aryl hydrocarbon signaling mechanisms in fishes , we previously isolated an ARNT cDNA from Fundulus heteroclitus and discovered that this species expresses ARNT 2 ubiquitously . ^^^ Our phylogenetic analysis demonstrates that zebrafish ARNT , like the Fundulus protein , is an ARNT 2 . ^^^ |
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| Interacting proteins: Q9HBZ2 and P27540 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| Defective development of secretory neurones in the hypothalamus of Arnt 2 knockout mice . ^^^ BACKGROUND : Within the basic region helix loop helix ( bHLH ) PAS family of transcription factors , Arnt and Arnt 2 play unique roles ; these two factors not only heterodimerize with themselves , but also with other members of this family and they act as transcription regulators which bind to specific DNA elements . ^^^ Whereas Arnt is broadly expressed in various tissues , the expression of Arnt 2 is known to be limited to the neural tissues . ^^^ RESULTS : To elucidate the function of Arnt 2 in detail , we cloned the mouse Arnt 2 gene and its gene structure was determined . ^^^ We subsequently generated germ line Arnt 2 mutant mice by gene targeting technology . ^^^ |
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| Interacting proteins: Q9HBZ2 and P27540 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| Targeted mutation of the murine arylhydrocarbon receptor nuclear translocator 2 ( Arnt 2 ) gene reveals partial redundancy with Arnt . ^^^ The closely related protein ARNT 2 is highly expressed in the central nervous system and kidney and also forms complexes with HIF 1alpha and AHR . ^^^ To assess unique roles for ARNT 2 in development , and reveal potential functional overlap with ARNT , we generated a targeted null mutation of the murine Arnt 2 locus . ^^^ Arnt 2 ( / ) embryos die perinatally and exhibit impaired hypothalamic development , phenotypes previously observed for a targeted mutation in the murine bHLH PAS gene Sim 1 ( Single minded 1 ) , and consistent with the recent proposal that ARNT 2 and SIM 1 form an essential heterodimer in vivo [ Michaud , J . ^^^ In addition , cultured Arnt 2 ( / ) neurons display decreased hypoxic induction of HIF 1 target genes , demonstrating formally that ARNT2 / HIF 1alpha complexes regulate oxygen responsive genes . ^^^ |
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| Interacting proteins: Q9HBZ2 and P27540 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| For example , HIF1alpha heterodimerizes with the highly related proteins ARNT or ARNT 2 in neurons . ^^^ We show here that unlike ARNT and ARNT 2 , MOP 3 does not effectively form HIF 1 complexes or restore HIF 1 target gene expression in response to low oxygen when expressed in Arnt ( / ) ES cells . ^^^ |
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| Interacting proteins: Q9HBZ2 and P27540 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| Identification and functional characterization of hypoxia inducible factor 2alpha from the estuarine teleost , Fundulus heteroclitus : interaction of HIF 2alpha with two ARNT 2 splice variants . ^^^ In efforts to characterize mechanisms of hypoxia adaptation in estuarine fish , we have isolated cDNAs encoding HIF subunits from Fundulus heteroclitus ( Atlantic killifish or mummichog ) , including a HIF 2alpha homolog and ARNT2alt , a splice variant of ARNT 2 that contains an additional exon encoding 16 amino acids near the amino terminus . ^^^ HIF 2alpha protein synthesized in vitro binds cognate DNA elements in concert with either Fundulus ARNT 2 splice variant or murine ARNT 1 . ^^^ HIF 2alpha , ARNT 2 , and ARNT2alt mRNAs are expressed in all organs examined . ^^^ |
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| Interacting proteins: Q9HBZ2 and P27540 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| ARNT 2 . ^^^ In this study , we wanted to determine if another bHLH PAS transcription factor , ARNT 2 , which has high amino acid sequence identity to ARNT and has been shown to dimerize with the TCDD activated AHR , is involved in mediating TCDD ' s effect on lymphocyte development . ^^^ We determined by RT PCR that ARNT 2 is expressed at a low level in whole thymus , thymocytes , and bone marrow lymphocytes . ^^^ We created hemopoietic chimeras by lethally irradiating C57BL / 6 mice and reconstituting them with fetal liver stem cells that either have or are deficient in a portion of chromosome 7 that contains ARNT 2 . ^^^ Regardless of whether chimeras possessed or lacked this chromosome fragment , equal sensitivity to TCDD induced thymic atrophy was observed despite expression of ARNT 2 in the thymus . ^^^ |
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| Interacting proteins: Q9HBZ2 and P27540 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| Western blot analysis revealed that the amount of the beta subunit of HIF 1 , identical to aryl hydrocarbon receptor nuclear translocator 1 ( ARNT 1 ) , and the homolog ARNT 2 increased in nuclear extracts from SH SY5Y cells exposed to anoxia . ^^^ |
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| Interacting proteins: Q9HBZ2 and P27540 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| Expression of Arnt and Arnt 2 mRNA in developing murine tissues . ^^^ The basic helix loop helix ( bHLH PAS ) proteins aryl hydrocarbon receptor nuclear translocator ( Arnt ) and Arnt 2 are transcriptional regulators that function as dimerizing partners for several bHLH PAS proteins and also some nonrelated partners . ^^^ In earlier studies , the developmental expression of Arnt was reported to be almost ubiquitous , whereas Arnt 2 expression has been shown to be more limited , comprising neuronal tissues as the main site of expression . ^^^ Here we provide a detailed description of the expression of Arnt and Arnt 2 mRNA in mouse tissues during embryonic and early postnatal development . ^^^ Arnt and also Arnt 2 transcripts , in contrast to earlier reports , are shown to be expressed more widely during development yet show a temporally and spatially specific pattern . . ^^^ |
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| Interacting proteins: Q9HBZ2 and P27540 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| ARNT gene multiplicity in amphibians : characterization of ARNT 2 from the frog Xenopus laevis . ^^^ Two genes encode different forms of ARNT in mammals : ARNT 1 , which is widely expressed , and ARNT 2 , which is limited to the brain and kidneys of adults and specific neural and branchial tissues of embryos . ^^^ In contrast , fish apparently express only a single ARNT gene , although in different species , this may be either ARNT 1 or ARNT 2 . ^^^ Phylogenetic analysis reveals that this sequence is orthologous to mammalian ARNT 2 and paralogous to the recently reported 10 . laevis ARNT 1 . ^^^ ARNT 2 mRNA expression begins later than ARNT 1 ( stage 22 vs . stage 8 ) , suggesting the two proteins play distinct roles during development . ^^^ |
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| Interacting proteins: Q9HBZ2 and P27540 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| At both 6 and 96 h after a single dose of 50 microg / kg TCDD , significant elevations were found in mRNA levels of AHR repressor ( AHRR ) , CYP1A1 and CYP1A2 , but not those of AHR , ARNT or ARNT 2 . ^^^ |
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| Interacting proteins: Q9HBZ2 and P27540 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| Similar to full length Sim 2 , Sim2s interacts with Arnt and to a lesser extent , Arnt 2 . ^^^ |
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| Interacting proteins: Q9HBZ2 and P27540 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| Identification of novel splice variants of ARNT and ARNT 2 in the rat . ^^^ The present study set out to compare the primary structure of ARNT and the closely related ARNT 2 proteins in H / W and L E rats by cDNA cloning . ^^^ The most exciting new variant was revealed for ARNT 2 , because the insertion found at 5 ( ' ) end of exon 19 disrupts the functionally critical transactivation domain in the protein , implying a dominant negative role for this isoform . ^^^ However , the regulation of ARNT and ARNT 2 activities may be more intricate than previously assumed . . ^^^ |
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| Interacting proteins: Q9HBZ2 and P27540 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| Both SIM 1 and AHR require heterodimerization either with ARNT or ARNT 2 to function . ^^^ Overexpression of Arnt , Arnt 2 , or Ahr increased the activity of a reporter construct containing the Sim 1 promoter by 1 . 8 , 1 . 5 , and 2 . 2 fold , respectively , but failed to do so when the AHR ARNT / 2 binding site was mutated . ^^^ |
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| Interacting proteins: Q9HBZ2 and P27540 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| Effects of TCDD exposure on immunolocalization of the zebrafish aryl hydrocarbon receptor nuclear translocator ( ARNT 2 ) , the heterodimer partner of the aryl hydrocarbon receptor ( AHR 2 ) , and an AHR regulated gene cytochrome P 450 1A ( CYP1A ) was also determined . ^^^ |
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| Interacting proteins: Q9HBZ2 and P27540 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| NA |
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