Pubmed abstracts for Protein-Protein Interaction search result :


Interacting proteins: P22303 and P05067 Pubmed SVM Score :0.51097562
We also evaluated the cytotoxicity of Abeta fibrils bound with acetylcholinesterase ( AChE ) , a common component of amyloid deposits . 0.51097562^^^
Interacting proteins: P22303 and P05067 Pubmed SVM Score :0.57139248
We could significantly correlate APPI with AChE , but not correlate APPI with SRIF . 0.57139248^^^
Interacting proteins: P22303 and P05067 Pubmed SVM Score :0.0
The Michaelis Menten parameters kcat , Ks ( app ) and the second order rate constants kII = k2 / Ks of acetylcholinesterase catalyzed hydrolysis of 25 acetic esters with non ionic leaving groups have been determined at 25 degree C and pH 7 . 5 in 0 . 15 M KCL . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P22303 and P05067 Pubmed SVM Score :0.0
Following pretreatment with diisopropylfluorophosphate ( DFP ) , the cholinergic neurons in the grafts were analyzed using three morphological markers : antibodies to cholineacetyltransferase ( ChAT ) , antibodies to acetylcholinesterase ( AChE Ab ) and acetylcholinesterase histochemistry ( AChE ) . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P22303 and P05067 Pubmed SVM Score :0.0
Effect of F ( ab ' ) 2 and Fab portions of anti acetylcholinesterase globulins on the heat stability of the enzyme . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P22303 and P05067 Pubmed SVM Score :0.0
AAA 2 is possibly associated with true acetylcholinesterase ( AChE ) in brain based on its inhibition by neostigmine but its identity with AChE needs further elucidation . 8 . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P22303 and P05067 Pubmed SVM Score :0.0
Serotonin sensitive aryl acylamidase ( AAA , EC 3 . 5 . 1 . 13 ) was purified to apparent homogeneity from sheep platelets by affinity chromatography and it was shown to be associated with the platelet acetylcholinesterase ( AChE , EC 3 . 1 . 1 . 7 ) . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P22303 and P05067 Pubmed SVM Score :0.0
A protease activity which co purified with affinity purified fetal bovine serum acetylcholinesterase ( AChE ) has been shown to release the amyloid protein precursor ( APP ) of Alzheimer ' s disease from cell membranes . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P22303 and P05067 Pubmed SVM Score :0.0
Acetylcholinesterase ( AChE ) , an important component of cholinergic synapses , colocalizes with amyloid beta peptide ( A beta ) deposits of Alzheimer ' s brain . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P22303 and P05067 Pubmed SVM Score :0.0
In attempts to define the proteases or factors which alter the balance between nonamyloidogenic and amyloidogenic processing pathways , our study indicates that thrombin or acetylcholinesterase ( AChE ) associated protease may be involved in the amyloidogenic processing pathway of APP in vivo to generate amyloidogenic intermediates linked to amyloid deposition . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P22303 and P05067 Pubmed SVM Score :0.0
In contrast , acetylcholinesterase activity was unaltered , indicating that Abeta specifically reduces the synthesis of AcCho in SN 56 cells . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P22303 and P05067 Pubmed SVM Score :0.0
Acetylcholinesterase ( AChE ) colocalizes with amyloid beta peptide ( A beta ) deposits present in the brain of Alzheimer ' s patients . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P22303 and P05067 Pubmed SVM Score :0.0
This study addresses the developmental regulation of amyloid precursor protein ( APP ) fragments comprising the amyloid beta peptide ( AP ) and the amyloid promoting factor acetylcholinesterase ( AChE ) in a mouse neuronal cell line ( Neuro 2a ) . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P22303 and P05067 Pubmed SVM Score :0.0
A monoclonal antibody ( mAb ) 25B1 directed against fetal bovine serum acetylcholinesterase ( FBS AChE ) was used to examine the ability of the cholinergic enzyme to promote the assembly of amyloid beta peptides ( A beta ) into Alzheimer ? fibrils . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P22303 and P05067 Pubmed SVM Score :0.0
This report evaluated the potential of a total of ten different pharmacological agents to inhibit TGase induced cross linking of A beta , including known TGase inhibitors ( dansylcadaverine , spermine ) , non steroidal anti inflammatory drugs ( indomethacin , meclofenamic acid , diflunisal , salicylic acid ) , monoamine oxidase inhibitors ( tranylcypromine , phenelzine ) , an acetylcholinesterase inhibitor ( tacrine ) , and an iron chelating agent ( deferoxamine ) . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P22303 and P05067 Pubmed SVM Score :0.0
It has been suggested that acetylcholinesterase ( AChE ) has both a putative proteolytic activity against the amyloid precursor protein ( APP ) , and a capacity to accelerate the assembly of amyloid beta peptide ( Abeta ) into Alzheimer ' s fibrils . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P22303 and P05067 Pubmed SVM Score :0.0
Brain acetylcholinesterase ( AChE ) forms stable complexes with amyloid beta peptide ( Abeta ) during its assembly into filaments , in agreement with its colocalization with the Abeta deposits of Alzheimer ' s brain . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P22303 and P05067 Pubmed SVM Score :0.0
The potency of a series of anticholinesterase ( anti ChE ) agents and serotonin related amines as inhibitors of the aryl acylamidase ( AAA ) activity associated with electric eel acetylcholinesterase ( AChE ) ( EC 3 . 1 . 1 . 7 ) and horse serum butyrylcholinesterase ( BuChE ) ( EC 3 . 1 . 1 . 8 ) was examined and compared with the potency of the same compounds as ChE inhibitors . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P22303 and P05067 Pubmed SVM Score :0.0
Acetylcholinesterase ( AChE , EC 3 . 1 . 1 . 7 ) purified from the lesser grain borer ( Rhyzopertha dominica ) was significantly inhibited by higher concentrations of the substrates acetylthiocholine ( ATC ) , acetyl ( beta methyl ) thiocholine ( A beta MTC ) and propionylthiocholine ( PTC ) . 2 . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P22303 and P05067 Pubmed SVM Score :0.0
The senile plaques present in Alzheimer ' s disease ( AD ) are composed of a core of amyloid beta peptide ( Abeta ) plus several proteins including acetylcholinesterase ( AChE ) . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P22303 and P05067 Pubmed SVM Score :0.0
In particular , Abeta has been shown to induce the expression of acetylcholinesterase in the brains of CT 100 expressing transgenic mice and in cell culture experiments . ^^^ These data indicate a link exists between Abeta production and acetylcholinesterase expression in the human CNS . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P22303 and P05067 Pubmed SVM Score :0.0
Neurotoxicity of acetylcholinesterase amyloid beta peptide aggregates is dependent on the type of Abeta peptide and the AChE concentration present in the complexes . ^^^ Senile plaques are mainly composed of amyloid beta peptide ( Abeta ) fibrils and several proteins including acetylcholinesterase ( AChE ) . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P22303 and P05067 Pubmed SVM Score :0.0
We measured cellular damage using the cytotoxic assays for MTT reduction and LDH release and found that acetylcholinesterase ( AChE ) amyloid beta peptide ( Abeta ) complexes , Abeta 25 35 fragment , glutamate and H2O2 were over 200 fold more toxic to PC 12 than to Neuro 2a cells . 17alpha and 17beta estradiol were able to protect both cell types from damage caused by H2O2 or glutamate . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P22303 and P05067 Pubmed SVM Score :0.0
Microtiter plates coated either with anti isotype antibodies ( Abs ) or with allergen were used for Ab capture , while anti isotype Fab ' fragments coupled to acetylcholinesterase were used for visualization . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P22303 and P05067 Pubmed SVM Score :0.0
It has been suggested that acetylcholinesterase ( AChE ) inhibitors , which promote the cholinergic function and consequently improve the cognitive deficits , may also exert a neuroprotective effect by activating normal APP processing . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P22303 and P05067 Pubmed SVM Score :0.0
Both neuroanatomical and neurochemical observations pin point that infusion of A beta into the rat basal forebrain significantly decreases choline acetyltransferase and acetylcholinesterase activities and the population of probably M 2 muscarinic acetylcholine receptors in the cerebral cortex . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P22303 and P05067 Pubmed SVM Score :0.0
The effects of huperzine A ( HupA ) , a novel acetylcholinesterase inhibitor , on Abeta ( 25 35 ) induced cell lesion , level of lipid peroxidation , antioxidant enzyme activities were investigated in the rat pheochromocytoma line PC 12 . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P22303 and P05067 Pubmed SVM Score :0.0
Abeta ( 1 42 ) or NMDA induced damage of cholinergic nucleus basalis neurones was assessed by quantitative acetylcholinesterase histochemistry . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P22303 and P05067 Pubmed SVM Score :0.0
This study demonstrated that an alkaloid of Artemisia asiatica , which was metabolized to small molecule in digestive tract and then could pass through the blood brain barrier , appeared to be an acetylcholinesterase inhibitor with a blocker of neurotoxicity induced by A beta in human brain causing Alzheimer ' s disease . . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P22303 and P05067 Pubmed SVM Score :0.0
Here we compared the effects of huperzine A ( HupA ) and tacrine , two acetylcholinesterase ( AChE ) inhibitors available for AD , on Abeta induced cell lesion , level of lipid peroxidation , and antioxidant enzyme activities in rat PC 12 and primary cultured cortical neurons . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P22303 and P05067 Pubmed SVM Score :0.0
This study examined the question of whether acetylcholinesterase ( AChE ) inhibitors can alter the processing of APP and the level of protein kinase C ( PKC ) in primary rat basal forebrain cultures . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P22303 and P05067 Pubmed SVM Score :0.0
To test the specificity of the M 1 effect , we also measured the relative changes in Abeta ( total ) levels in CSF during treatments in separate sets of AD patients with the acetylcholinesterase inhibitor physostigmine or the anti inflammatory drug hydroxychloroquine . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P22303 and P05067 Pubmed SVM Score :0.0
OBJECTIVE : To investigate whether acetylcholinesterase ( AChE ) inhibitor treatment modifies the ratio of platelet APP forms in patients with AD . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P22303 and P05067 Pubmed SVM Score :0.0
Acetylcholinesterase amyloid beta peptide interaction and Wnt signaling involvement in Abeta neurotoxicity . ^^^ Previous studies have indicated that acetylcholinesterase ( AChE ) promotes amyloid beta peptide ( Abeta ) fibril formation and AChE Abeta complexes increase Abeta dependent neurotoxicity . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P22303 and P05067 Pubmed SVM Score :0.0
Here we show that systemic administration of physostigmine , an acetylcholinesterase inhibitor , lowers Abeta levels in vivo . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P22303 and P05067 Pubmed SVM Score :0.0
We have investigated the acute and chronic effect of metrifonate ( MTF ) and dichlorvos ( DDVP ) , respectively the prodrug and active acetylcholinesterase inhibitor , on the secretory processing of the amyloid precursor protein ( APP ) in SH SY5Y neuroblastoma cells . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P22303 and P05067 Pubmed SVM Score :0.0
However , the presence of both 1 % Triton 10 100 and paraoxon ( at concentrations of 5 nM 100 nM ) resulted in complex kinetic interactions with acetylcholinesterase , as evidenced by a curvilinear secondary plot for determination of the ( app ) k ( 1 ) . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P22303 and P05067 Pubmed SVM Score :0.0
Varying proportions of A beta deposits contained acetylcholinesterase or butyrylcholinesterase activities and apolipoprotein E and alpha 1 antichymotrypsin immunoreactivity . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P22303 and P05067 Pubmed SVM Score :0.0
Altered glycosylation of acetylcholinesterase in APP ( SW ) Tg 2576 transgenic mice occurs prior to amyloid plaque deposition . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P22303 and P05067 Pubmed SVM Score :0.0
The nicotinic ( nAChRs ) and muscarinic ( mAChRs ) acetylcholine receptors and acetylcholinesterase ( AChE ) activity were studied in the brains of APP ( SWE ) transgenic mice ( Tg+ ) and age matched nontransgenic controls ( Tg ) that were between 4 and 19 months of age . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P22303 and P05067 Pubmed SVM Score :0.0
Role of the catalytic triad and oxyanion hole in acetylcholinesterase catalysis : an ab initio QM / MM study . ^^^ The initial step of the acylation reaction catalyzed by acetylcholinesterase ( AChE ) has been studied by a combined ab initio quantum mechanical / molecular mechanical ( QM / MM ) approach . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P22303 and P05067 Pubmed SVM Score :0.0
Plasma levels of Abeta 42 and Abeta 40 in Alzheimer patients during treatment with the acetylcholinesterase inhibitor tacrine . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P22303 and P05067 Pubmed SVM Score :0.0
The aggregation of beta amyloid ( 1 40 ) ( Abeta ) induced by human recombinant acetylcholinesterase ( HuAChE ) was studied by means of circular dichroism ( CD ) and by thioflavin T fluorescence spectroscopy . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P22303 and P05067 Pubmed SVM Score :0.0
In this study , acetylcholinesterase histochemical , and Abeta and tau immunohistochemical double staining were performed in nondemented elderly human hippocampal and entorhinal brain samples , to demonstrate the presence of dystrophic neurites caused by the C terminal or N terminal fragments of Abeta . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P22303 and P05067 Pubmed SVM Score :0.0
In recent years , the investigation of acetylcholinesterase ( AChE ) inhibitors has gained further interest , because the involvement of the peripheral site of the enzyme in the beta amyloid ( Abeta ) aggregation process has been disclosed . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P22303 and P05067 Pubmed SVM Score :0.0
We have investigated the effect of ganstigmine ( CHF 2819 ) , a novel geneserine derived acetylcholinesterase ( AChE ) inhibitor , on the expression and metabolism of the amyloid precursor protein ( APP ) in neuroblastoma cell line SH SY5Y . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P22303 and P05067 Pubmed SVM Score :0.0
Several proteins have been suggested as involved in each of these processes : proteolytic cleavage of the amyloid precursor protein by the beta site APP cleaving enzyme ( BACE ) , increased amyloid fibril formation by the activity of the acetylcholinesterase ( ACHE gene ) , and degradation of Abeta aggregates by the plasmin system have been exhaustively documented . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P22303 and P05067 Pubmed SVM Score :0.0
AIM : To examine the relationship between apoptosis induced by beta amyloid fragment 25 35 ( A beta 25 35 ) and the activity of acetylcholinesterase ( AChE ) in AChE over expresser SC 42 cells . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P22303 and P05067 Pubmed SVM Score :0.0
The neurotoxic effects of amyloid beta ( 1 42 ) and amyloid beta ( 25 35 ) ( A beta ) on cholinergic and acetylcholinesterase positive neurons were investigated in primary cultures derived from embryonic 18 day old rat basal forebrain . ^^^ It is concluded that the neurotoxic effects of A beta appear more rapidly in the cholinergic axon terminals than in the cholinergic and acetylcholinesterase positive neuronal perikarya . . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P22303 and P05067 Pubmed SVM Score :0.0
Alpha 7 nicotinic acetylcholine receptors mediate an Abeta ( 1 42 ) induced increase in the level of acetylcholinesterase in primary cortical neurones . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P22303 and P05067 Pubmed SVM Score :0.0
Acetylcholinesterase ( AChE ) and butyrylcholinesterase ( BChE ) are known to exhibit aryl acylamidase activities ( here called AAA ( AChe ) and AAA ( BChe ) , respectively ) , which have been suggested to be involved in developmental and pathological processes . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P22303 and P05067 Pubmed SVM Score :0.0
In this context , in a perspective of drug discovery , the enzyme acetylcholinesterase ( AChE ) holds a key position , as it is a main target for cholinomimetic AD drugs being responsible for the breakdown of the neurotransmitter , and it is also involved in the aggregation of A beta and the formation of the neurotoxic fibrils . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P22303 and P05067 Pubmed SVM Score :0.0
A beta deposition may be enhanced by molecular chaperones , including metals like copper and proteins like acetylcholinesterase ( AChE ) . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P22303 and P05067 Pubmed SVM Score :0.0
Heterodimers 4 and 5 were effective inhibitors of acetylcholinesterase ( AChE ) activity and AChE induced amyloid beta ( A beta ) aggregation . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P22303 and P05067 Pubmed SVM Score :0.0
We report here that an aged wild type South American rodent , Octodon degu , expresses neuronal beta amyloid precursor protein ( beta APP 695 ) displaying both intracellular and extracellular deposits of amyloid beta peptide ( Abeta ) , intracellular accumulations of tau protein and ubiquitin , a strong astrocytic response and acetylcholinesterase ( AChE ) rich pyramidal neurons . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P22303 and P05067 Pubmed SVM Score :0.0
OBJECTIVES : The effects of administration of two acetylcholinesterase inhibitors , physostigmine and donepezil , on Abeta plaque formation and memory related behaviors were investigated in the Tg 2576 transgenic mouse model of AD . ^^^ CONCLUSIONS : These studies suggest that acetylcholinesterase inhibitors can ameliorate memory deficits in Tg ( + ) mice without necessarily altering the deposition of Abeta plaques . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P22303 and P05067 Pubmed SVM Score :0.0
Ab initio model study on acetylcholinesterase catalysis : potential energy surfaces of the proton transfer reactions . ^^^ Ab initio molecular orbital ( MO ) and hybrid density functional theory ( DFT ) calculations have been applied to the initial step of the acylation reaction catalyzed by acetylcholinesterase ( AChE ) , which is the nucleophiric addition of Ser 200 in catalytic triads to a neurotransmitter acetylcholine ( ACh ) . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P22303 and P05067 Pubmed SVM Score :0.0
Chem . 2001 , 44 , 3810 ) acetylcholinesterase ( AChE ) inhibitors , we obtained some analogues able to simultaneously block both the catalytic and the beta amyloid ( Abeta ) proaggregatory activities of AChE . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P22303 and P05067 Pubmed SVM Score :0.0
We have found that acetylcholinesterase ( AChE ) , a senile plaque component , increases amyloid fibril assembly with the formation of highly toxic complexes ( Abeta AChE ) . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P22303 and P05067 Pubmed SVM Score :0.0
In this study , mice that were fed with a diet of GH releasing supplements had significantly attenuated memory impairments and hippocampal changes in the acetylcholinesterase activity and acetylcholine level induced by amyloid beta protein ( Abeta ) ( 1 42 ) . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P22303 and P05067 Pubmed SVM Score :0.0
Search for dual function inhibitors for Alzheimer ' s disease : synthesis and biological activity of acetylcholinesterase inhibitors of pyridinium type and their Abeta fibril formation inhibition capacity . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P22303 and P05067 Pubmed SVM Score :0.0
The acetylcholinesterase activity in the brain and serum was lower in PWE supplemented groups than in the only Abeta injected group . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P22303 and P05067 Pubmed SVM Score :0.0
New dual binding site acetylcholinesterase ( AChE ) inhibitors have been designed and synthesized as new potent drugs that may simultaneously alleviate cognitive deficits and behave as disease modifying agents by inhibiting the beta amyloid ( A beta ) peptide aggregation through binding to both catalytic and peripheral sites of the enzyme . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P22303 and P05067 Pubmed SVM Score :0.0
To examine whether the selected antisense oligodeoxynucleotides ( AS ODN ) targeting against human brain acetylcholinesterase ( AChE ) mRNA could improve the cognitive deficit in the Alzheimer ' s disease ( AD ) model mice induced by amyloid beta peptide ( Abeta ) , we determined the time effect relationship of AChE activity and the learning and memory after AS ODN delivery . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P22303 and P05067 Pubmed SVM Score :0.0
Expression of acetylcholinesterase ( AChE ) and aryl acylamidase ( AAA ) during early zebrafish embryogenesis . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P22303 and P05067 Pubmed SVM Score :0.0
It is known to affect acetylcholinesterase ( AChE ) through lipid peroxidation ( LPO ) initiated with H2O2 which is formed as a result of Abeta activity . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P22303 and P05067 Pubmed SVM Score :0.0
Three highly probable mechanisms of APP regulation through inhibition of acetylcholinesterase are thus current topics of investigation . ^^^ Indeed , acetylcholinesterase inhibitors appear to cause selective muscarinic activation of alpha secretase and to induce the translation of APP mRNA ; they may also restrict amyloid fibre assembly . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P22303 and P05067 Pubmed SVM Score :0.0
In this study we investigated the ability of acetylcholinesterase ( AChE ) inhibitors , Donepezil and Rivastigmine , to modulate the vasoconstrictor activity of Abeta 25 35 and Abeta 1 40 . ^^^ The vascular responses to Abeta peptides , acetylcholine , bradykinin and sodium nitroprusside and their modulation by acetylcholinesterase inhibitors were examined in the base of a vacuum induced blister raised on the rat hind footpad using laser Doppler flowmetry . ^^^ The results also showed that the actions of acetylcholinesterase inhibitors are independent of a direct action on smooth muscle cell reactivity or on endothelial cell function in the absence of Abeta . ^^^ The current study provides the first evidence in vivo to suggest that acetylcholinesterase inhibitors modulate the vasoconstrictive effects of Abeta peptides at the level of skin microvasculature . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P22303 and P05067 Pubmed SVM Score :0.0
The focus of this study was to screen 144 analogs of phenserine to identify additional small molecules that inhibit APP protein synthesis , and thereby A beta production , without possessing potent acetylcholinesterase ( AChE ) inhibitory activity . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P22303 and P05067 Pubmed SVM Score :0.0
In Alzheimer ' s disease , both acetylcholinesterase ( AChE ) and butyrylcholinesterase ( BChE ) colocalize with brain fibrils of amyloid beta ( Abeta ) peptides , and synaptic AChE S facilitates fibril formation by association with insoluble Abeta fibrils . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P22303 and P05067 Pubmed SVM Score :0.0
Acetylcholinesterase ( AChE ) , a senile plaque component , promotes amyloid beta protein ( Abeta ) fibril formation in vitro . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P22303 and P05067 Pubmed SVM Score :0.0
Beta amyloid protein ( Abeta ) and acetylcholinesterase ( AChE ) have been shown to be closely implicated in the pathogenesis of Alzheimer ' s disease . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P22303 and P05067 Pubmed SVM Score :0.0
In this study , we investigated the effects of an acetylcholinesterase inhibitor , huperzine A ( Hup A ) , on APP processing and Abeta generation in human embryonic kidney 293 cells transfected with human APP bearing the Swedish mutation ( HEK 293 APPsw ) . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P22303 and P05067 Pubmed SVM Score :0.0
We examined acetylcholinesterase , plasma neuronal proteins , secreted beta amyloid precursor protein ( APP ) , and amyloid beta 40 and amyloid beta 42 peptides in children with and without autism . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P22303 and P05067 Pubmed SVM Score :0.0
When ECM was incubated with a protease associated with the enzyme AChE ( AChE AP ) , APP and acidic FGF were released intact from the matrix . ^^^ The AChE AP was at least 100 fold more potent in releasing APP from ECM than other trypsin like proteases ( trypsin , plasmin , thrombin ) . ^^^ The action of the AChE AP was inhibited by glia derived nexin ( protease nexin 1 ) and by human brain APP at low nanomolar concentrations . ^^^ These results suggest that in vivo an AChE AP may cleave ECM proteins to regulate the availability of soluble APP or other factors bound to the ECM . . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P22303 and P05067 Pubmed SVM Score :0.0
In control cases , AChE fibres were , like A beta P immunoreactivity , concentrated within layer 1 and IVc . ^^^ The codistribution of A beta P immunoreactive diffuse amyloid deposits and AChE fibres to the same cortical laminae is consistent with the possibility that these deposits may be formed from degenerating cholinergic elements . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P22303 and P05067 Pubmed SVM Score :0.0
In this study , a protease activity associated with AChE was found to possess APP secretase activity , stimulating the release of a soluble 100K form of APP from HeLa cells transfected with an APP cDNA . ^^^ The AChE associated protease was strongly and specifically inhibited by soluble APP ( 10 nM ) isolated from human brain . ^^^ As AChE is decreased in AD , a deficiency of its associated protease might explain why APP is abnormally processed in AD . . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P22303 and P05067 Pubmed SVM Score :0.0
Prolonged incubation of a recombinant APP 770 with AChE produced several amyloidogenic fragments accumulating a relatively stable a 18 kDa A beta ( amyloid beta protein ) bearing carboxy terminal peptide , which was further degraded by an increased concentration of AChE . ^^^ In attempts to identify the proteases or factors leading to excessive amyloid deposition , we evaluated the potential role of acethylcholinesterase ( AChE ) and its associated protease for amyloidogenic processing of APP in vitro . ^^^ Our data imply that AChE and its associated protease may be involved in the generation a 18 kDa amyloidogenic peptide under certain physiological condition in vivo and that the gradual changes in their proteolytic activities or locations and the locally disturbed metal homeostasis could be factors associated with abnormal accumulation of APP , eventually leading to amyloid deposition in AD brain . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P22303 and P05067 Pubmed SVM Score :0.0
The aim of this study was to examine the effect of amyloid beta protein ( A beta ) , the major component of amyloid plaques , on AChE expression . ^^^ A beta peptides spanning residues 1 40 or 25 35 increased AChE activity in P 19 embryonal carcinoma cells . ^^^ A peptide containing a scrambled A beta ( 25 35 ) sequence did not stimulate AChE expression . ^^^ The A beta ( 25 35 ) induced increase in AChE expression was mediated by an L type VDCC , as the effect was also blocked by nifedipine . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P22303 and P05067 Pubmed SVM Score :0.0
Recently , we have found that AChE promotes the assembly of amyloid beta peptides ( A beta ) into Alzheimer fibrils . ^^^ The action of AChE on the state of aggregation of the A beta peptide supposes a near neighbor relationship between these two molecules . ^^^ In the present work , we have studied A beta AChE interactions using the crosslinker reagent disuccinimidyl suberate ( DSS ) , in the presence of [ 125I ] A beta peptide . ^^^ The A beta AChE complexes formed by crosslinkage were then analyzed by SDS PAGE and autoradiography . ^^^ We observed the formation of [ 125I ] A beta labeled complexes of 70 , 160 , 250 , and 300 kDa corresponding to monomers , dimers , tetramers , and oligomers of AChE , respectively crosslinked with the A beta peptide . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P22303 and P05067 Pubmed SVM Score :0.0
APP elevation and performance in the water maze task correlate with reduction of acetyl cholinesterase ( AChE ) activity in the frontal cortex and CA 3 subfield of hippocampus . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P22303 and P05067 Pubmed SVM Score :0.0
We have previously shown that AChE expression in P 19 cells is increased by the amyloid beta protein ( A beta ) . ^^^ The aim of this study was to investigate AChE expression using a transgenic mouse model of A beta overproduction . ^^^ Levels of salt extractable AChE isoforms were increased in the brains of APP CT 100 mice . ^^^ There was also an increase in amphiphilic monomeric form ( G1A ) of AChE in the APP CT 100 mice , whereas other isoforms were not changed . ^^^ Analysis of AChE by lectin binding revealed differences in the glycosylation pattern in APP CT 100 mice similar to those observed in frontal cortex samples from AD . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P22303 and P05067 Pubmed SVM Score :0.0
In order to identify the structural domains of the amyloid beta peptide ( Abeta ) involved in the aggregation induced by AChE , we have studied the effect of this cholinergic enzyme on Abeta peptide fragments of different sizes . ^^^ AChE enhanced the aggregation of the Abeta ( 12 28 ) and Abeta ( 25 35 ) peptides but not of the Abeta ( 1 16 ) fragment . ^^^ The inductive effect of AChE on the aggregation of Abeta ( 12 28 ) was abolished by the presence of either Abeta ( 1 16 ) or Abeta ( 9 21 ) . ^^^ Binding assays indicated that AChE was bound to Abeta ( 12 28 ) , as well as to the Abeta ( 1 16 ) peptide . ^^^ AChE was seen to form strong complexes with the Abeta ( 12 28 ) fibrils as such complexes stained positively for both thioflavine T and AChE activity , were resistant to high ionic strength treatment , and were partially sensitive to detergents , suggesting that hydrophobic interactions may play a role in the stabilization of the AChE Abeta complex . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P22303 and P05067 Pubmed SVM Score :0.0
Recently , an in vitro interaction between AChE and A beta , the principal constituent of the amyloid fibrils in senile plaques , has been documented . ^^^ The presence of a fibrillogenic region within AChE may be relevant to the interaction of AChE with amyloid fibrils formed by Abeta . . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P22303 and P05067 Pubmed SVM Score :0.0
In this study , using cultured retinal cells as a neuronal model , we analyzed the effect of the synthetic peptide Abeta ( 25 35 ) on the activity of AChE , the degradation enzyme of acetylcholine , as well as the involvement of oxidative stress in this process . ^^^ The activity of AChE was increased when retinal cells were incubated with Abeta ( 25 35 ) ( 25 microM , 24 h ) and antioxidants such as alpha tocopherol acetate and nitric oxide synthase ( NOS ) inhibitors were capable of preventing this effect . ^^^ The data obtained show that the enhancement of AChE activity induced by Abeta ( 25 35 ) is mediated by oxidative stress , and that vitamin E and NOS inhibitors , by preventing the compromise of the enzyme activity , can have an important role in the maintenance of acetylcholine synaptic levels , thus preventing or improving cognitive and memory functions of AD patients . . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P22303 and P05067 Pubmed SVM Score :0.0
In this study we report that amyloid beta peptides ( Abeta ) increased AChE levels in both neuronal and astrocytic primary cultures , supporting the possibility that both neurons and glia may make a direct contribution to the pool of AChE seen around amyloid deposits in the AD brain . . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P22303 and P05067 Pubmed SVM Score :0.0
We have shown that AChE interacts with the amyloid beta peptide ( Abeta ) and promotes amyloid fibril formation by a hydrophobic environment close to the peripheral anionic binding site ( PAS ) of the enzyme . ^^^ First , we modeled the docking of Abeta onto the structure of Torpedo californica AChE , and identified four potential sites for AChE Abeta complex formation . ^^^ We also studied the ability to promote amyloid formation of two synthetic 24 residue peptides derived from the sequence of a Omega loop , which has been suggested as an AChE Abeta interacting motif . ^^^ Our results indicate that the homologous human AChE motif is capable of accelerating Abeta fibrillogenesis . . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P22303 and P05067 Pubmed SVM Score :0.0
The aim of the present study was to examine changes in AChE activity in an in vivo model of beta amyloid peptide ( A beta ) administration . ^^^ A beta ( 25 35 ) administration did not alter total AChE activity in the cerebral cortex or CSF . ^^^ The results support the view that changes in AChE isoform pattern in the AD brain are a direct consequence of A beta accumulation . . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P22303 and P05067 Pubmed SVM Score :0.0
Alterations in APP metabolism have recently been proposed to play a key role in the long lasting effects of AChE inhibitors . ^^^ This review surveys recent data from in vivo and in vitro studies that have contributed to our understanding of the role of AChE inhibitors in APP processing . ^^^ Further work is warranted to elucidate the exact roles in APP metabolism of the AChE inhibitors used in AD therapy at present . . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P22303 and P05067 Pubmed SVM Score :0.0
In this study we show an effect of AChE that could contribute to the increased deposition of Abeta in certain regions . ^^^ As a whole , we found that AChE has additional effects that could result in an increased synthesis of Abeta , both by increasing beta APP expression of astrocytes and by further activating glial cells . . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P22303 and P05067 Pubmed SVM Score :0.0
Treatment with 17beta estradiol alleviated the decreases in Map 2 and AChE staining , but had no effect on full length APP levels in the hippocampus . ^^^
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We demonstrate the applicability of the method to the study of biomolecules by investigating the surfactant properties of two peptides ( Abeta and AChE ( 586 599 ) ) that form amyloid fibrils in vitro , in one case replicating previously published results , and in the other case highlighting the similarity , and possibly generic nature , of the biophysical properties of these amyloidogenic peptides . . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P22303 and P05067 Pubmed SVM Score :0.0
In this study , we investigated regulatory mechanisms and plasticity of the nicotinic acetylcholine receptors ( nAChRs ) in the brain and adrenal glands of two transgenic mice models over expressing human beta amyloid precursor protein ( APP ( SWE ) Tg ) and human AChE enzyme ( hAChE Tg ) , respectively . ^^^
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At 100 microM , 5 was found to inhibit the AChE induced aggregation only by 19 % likely because it is not able to strongly interact with the peripheral anionic site of AChE , which plays an essential role in the Abeta aggregation mediated by the enzyme but is lacking in BChE structure . . ^^^
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Novel design methods for the inhibition of AChE include the use of in silico tools to predict the interactions between AChE and the desired compound , both at the active site of the enzyme , responsible of hydrolysing ACh and with the peripheral anionic site ( PAS ) , which has been described as a promoting agent of the amyloid beta peptide ( A beta ) aggregation present in the senile plaques of the brain of AD individuals . . ^^^
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The expression changes of amyloid precursor protein ( APP ) , secretase , alpha 7 nicotinic acetylcholine receptor ( alpha7NicR ) and acetylcholine esterase ( AChE ) , which are involved in Alzheimer ' s disease , were examined by quantitative RT / PCR in this model rat brain . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P22303 and P05067 Pubmed SVM Score :0.0
Neuropathological changes generated by human amyloid beta peptide ( Abeta ) fibrils and Abeta acetylcholinesterase ( Abeta AChE ) complexes were compared in rat hippocampus in vivo . ^^^ Results showed that Abeta AChE complexes trigger a more dramatic response in situ than Abeta fibrils alone as characterized by the following features observed 8 weeks after treatment : 1 ) . amyloid deposits were larger than those produced in the absence of AChE . ^^^ In fact , AChE strongly stimulates rat Abeta aggregation in vitro as shown by turbidity measurements , Congo Red binding , as well as electron microscopy , suggesting that Abeta AChE deposits observed in vivo probably recruited endogenous Abeta peptide ; 2 ) . the appearance of laminin expressing neurons surrounding Abeta AChE deposits ( such deposits are resistant to disaggregation by laminin in vitro ) ; 3 ) . an extensive astrocytosis revealed by both glial fibrillary acidic protein immunoreactivity and number counting of reactive hypertrophic astrocytes ; and 4 ) . a stronger neuronal cell loss in comparison with Abeta injected animals . ^^^ We conclude that the hippocampal injection of Abeta AChE complexes results in the appearance of some features reminiscent of Alzheimer like lesions in rat brain . ^^^ Our studies are consistent with the notion that Abeta AChE complexes are more toxic than Abeta fibrils and that AChE triggered some of the neurodegenerative changes observed in Alzheimer ' s disease brains . . ^^^
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Of particular interest may be signal transduction pathways mediated through cholinergic receptors that promote nonamyloidogenic amyloid precursor protein processing and decrease tau phosphorylation , and the role of AChE in the aggregation of beta amyloid ( Abeta ) peptide . ^^^
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It has also been shown that AChE inhibitors influence APP processing and attenuate Abeta induced toxicity via mechanisms including interruption of the production of Abeta , alteration of the levels of Abeta 1 50 and 1 52 , and formation of the soluble form of APP . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P22303 and P05067 Pubmed SVM Score :0.0
NAC pretreatment significantly reversed the elevated MDA , AChE and the reduced GSH , ChAT and ACh in the Abeta model mice . ^^^
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The availability of a suitable assay allowed us to verify whether 2 , 3 , 4 , and 8 inhibit AChE induced Abeta aggregation . ^^^ Although all four derivatives caused a mixed type of AChE inhibition ( active site and PAS ) , only 4 and 8 , which bear an inner constrained spacer , were able to inhibit AChE induced Abeta aggregation to a greater extent than donepezil . ^^^ Clearly , the ability of an AChE inhibitor , based on a linear polyamine backbone , to bind both AChE sites may not be a sufficient condition to inhibit also AChE induced Abeta aggregation . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P22303 and P05067 Pubmed SVM Score :0.0
Biochemical studies indicated that AChE induces amyloid fibril formation and form highly toxic AChE Abeta complexes . ^^^ The neurotoxicity induced by AChE Abeta complexes indicated that they trigger more neurodegeneration than those of the Abeta peptide alone , both in vitro ( hippocampal neurons ) and in vivo ( rats injected in the dorsal hippocampus as a model of Alzheimer ) . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P22303 and P05067 Pubmed SVM Score :0.0
The incorporation of AChE , as a `` chaperone ' ' into amyloid aggregates results in the modification of the biochemical properties of the enzyme , including : sensitivity to low pH , inhibition at high substrate concentration , and increases of the Abeta neurotoxicity . ^^^ Congo Red dye stabilizes the Abeta monomer , is able to inhibit oligomerization , and inhibits the binding of AChE to Abeta . ^^^ However no effect of Congo Red on the binding of AChE to the Abeta preformed fibrils was observed . ^^^ These studies suggest that different interactions between Abeta soluble AChE and Abeta fibrils AChE take place during the association between them . ^^^ Docking studies were performed to evaluate the binding of Congo Red to Abeta in order to identify putative binding sites in the Abeta monomer that might interact with AChE . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P22303 and P05067 Pubmed SVM Score :0.0
The effect of different concentrations ( 0 . 1 5 microM ) of neurokinin B ( NKB ) and Abeta ( 25 35 ) on acetylcholine esterase ( AChE ) , Na ( + ) K ( + ) ATPase and membrane fluidity ( DPH anisotropy ) were investigated in rat brain synaptosomes of 3 , 9 , 18 and 30 months old . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P22303 and P05067 Pubmed SVM Score :0.0
Human AChE enzyme ( hAChE ) enhances the over expression of beta amyloid ( Abeta ) containing plaques in the brain of transgenic mice ( APP ( SWE ) / hAChE Tg ) carrying mutated genes for human amyloid precursor protein ( APP ( SWE ) ) and hAChE . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P22303 and P05067 Pubmed SVM Score :0.0
The expression of Tac Ag was markedly enhanced in 18 hr , when YT cells were incubated with CM from PHA stimulated peripheral blood leukocytes ( PBL ) or spleen cells , as determined by immunofluorescence by using flow cytometry and binding assay with 125I anti Tac antibody ( Ab ) . ^^^ Unlike Tac Ag on HTLV ( + ) , ATL derived cell lines ( Hut 102 , MT 1 , ATL 2 ) , the expression of Tac Ag on YT cells was down regulated by anti Tac Ab . ^^^
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