| Interacting proteins: P19525 and P42224 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :1.0291144 |
| Physical association between STAT 1 and the interferon inducible protein kinase PKR and implications for interferon and double stranded RNA signaling pathways . 1.0291144^^^ We also show that PKR associates with STAT 1 in mouse and human cells . 0.9906099^^^ |
|
| Interacting proteins: P19525 and P42224 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.93532324 |
| We have previously reported a physical association between STAT 1 and the protein kinase double stranded RNA activated protein kinase ( PKR ) . 0.93532324^^^ |
|
| Interacting proteins: P19525 and P42224 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| These studies demonstrate that inducible expression of the transactivation function of IRF 1 or IRF / RelA mediates tumor suppressor activity by inducing cell growth arrest , apoptosis and the differential activation of growth regulatory genes such as PKR , STAT 1 and WAF1 . . ^^^ |
|
| Interacting proteins: P19525 and P42224 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| Upregulation of STAT 1 protein in cells lacking or expressing mutants of the double stranded RNA dependent protein kinase PKR . ^^^ In this regard , we have reported that PKR participates in IFN and dsRNA mediated signaling pathways by interacting with and modulating the transcriptional activity of the signal transducer and activator of transcription STAT 1 [ Wong , A . ^^^ Here we report that the STAT 1 protein is upregulated in cells lacking PKR ( PKR / ) and in cells expressing dominant negative PKR mutants . ^^^ The inhibitory effect of PKR on STAT 1 expression is exerted at the post translational level because PKR / cells exhibit higher STAT 1 protein stability than PKR+ / + cells . . ^^^ |
|
| Interacting proteins: P19525 and P42224 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| IFN alpha mediated antiviral activity , nuclear translocation of activated Stat 1 , and increased expression of PKR were defective in Gb ( 3 ) deficient vero mutant cells , although the surface expression of IFNAR 1 was unaltered . ^^^ The VT1B subunit was found to inhibit IFN alpha mediated antiviral activity , Stat 1 nuclear translocation and PKR upregulation . ^^^ |
|
| Interacting proteins: P19525 and P42224 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| HuH 7 cells were treated with IFN alpha in the absence or presence of interleukin 1beta ( IL 1beta ) or IL 10 and the expression of antiviral genes such as 2 ( ' ) 5 ( ' ) oligoadenylate synthetase ( 2 ( ' ) 5 ( ' ) OAS ) and double stranded RNA dependent protein kinase ( PKR ) , as well as activation of signal transducer and activator of transcription 1 ( STAT 1 ) , a key step for relaying the IFN alpha signals , was analyzed by Northern blotting , Western blotting , and the reporter gene transfection assay . ^^^ |
|
| Interacting proteins: P19525 and P42224 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| Since p 48 , together with signal transducers and activators of transcription 1 and 2 ( STAT 1 and STAT 2 ) , is an indispensable mediator in IFN alpha signaling pathways , we investigated the effect of p 48 gene transduction on PKR expression and its activity in HuH 7 human hepatoma cells . ^^^ |
|
| Interacting proteins: P19525 and P42224 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| For VSV infection , IFN gamma signals through Jaks 1 and 2 and STAT 1 to activate ( interferon regulatory factor ) IRF 1 ; although viral protein synthesis is inhibited , PKR is not a critical mediator in the antiviral response to VSV in murine neurons . ^^^ |
|
| Interacting proteins: P19525 and P42224 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| The PKR kinase promoter binds both Sp 1 and Sp 3 , but only Sp 3 functions as part of the interferon inducible complex with ISGF 3 proteins . ^^^ These results , taken together , strongly suggest a role for Sp 1 in basal and Sp 3 in inducible transcription of PKR and that a potential function of the KCS element is to facilitate the recruitment of ISGF 3 complex components to the PKR promoter to stimulate transcription . . ^^^ Chromatin immunoprecipitation assays revealed that the binding of Sp 3 , similar to STAT 1 and STAT 2 , at the PKR promoter in vivo was IFN dependent , but that Sp 1 binding was not dependent upon IFN treatment . ^^^ |
|
| Interacting proteins: P19525 and P42224 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| Furthermore , increased nuclear levels of STAT 1 ( bound in ISGF 3 complexes ) were observed in PKR depleted cells cultured with or without IFN alpha . ^^^ They also suggests that activation of STAT 1 , an essential mediator of IFN effects , is insufficient for growth inhibition if PKR is not expressed . . ^^^ |
|
| Interacting proteins: P19525 and P42224 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| Recent studies have identified an expanding network of PKR signaling partners , including signal transducers and activators of transcription 1 ( STAT 1 ) , p 53 , and IkappaB kinase . ^^^ |
|
| Interacting proteins: P19525 and P42224 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| GGA stimulated 2 ' 5 ' OAS and PKR gene expression at the transcriptional level through the formation of interferon stimulated gene factor 3 ( ISGF 3 ) , which regulates both gene transcription . ^^^ |
|
| Interacting proteins: P19525 and P42224 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| Viral lytic gene transcript and viral protein levels were lower in IFN beta versus IFN alpha 2 transfected cells , which coincided with elevated PKR and OAS transcript levels and increased total STAT 1 and phosphorylated STAT 1 ( Y 701 ) protein levels in the IFN beta transfected cells . ^^^ |
|
| Interacting proteins: P19525 and P42224 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| As2O3 differently altered IFN induced gene products ; it downregulated PML / RARalpha and PML , did not alter PKR and Stat 1 , and upregulated interferon regulatory family ( IRF ) 1 . ^^^ |
|
| Interacting proteins: P19525 and P42224 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| The involvement of PKR in signal transduction and regulation of transcription suggested to us that it may play an important role in lipopolysaccharide ( LPS ) induced activation of STAT 1 in rat brain immune cells . ^^^ We found that LPS rapidly stimulated the phosphorylation of PKR within 5 min , followed by phosphorylation of STAT 1 at 2 h in rat primary microglia and astrocyte . ^^^ Using 2 aminopurine ( 2 AP ) , a pharmacological inhibitor of PKR , and PKR specific short interfering RNA ( siRNA ) , we demonstrated that activation of PKR was essential for LPS induced activation of STAT 1 . ^^^ Inhibition of PKR activity by 2 AP resulted in suppression not only of STAT 1 phosphorylation , but also of nuclear factors binding activity to GAS / ISRE elements . 2 AP also significantly suppressed the downstream events of LPS stimulated STAT 1 phosphorylation , including STAT mediated transcriptional responses and generation of nitric oxide , a hallmark of brain inflammation . ^^^ Consistent with these results , transfection of PKR specific siRNA markedly attenuated all the STAT 1 dependent inflammatory signaling responses tested . ^^^ |
|
| Interacting proteins: P19525 and P42224 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| This induction required continuous protein synthesis , and STAT 1 protein , but not PKR or TR 1 protein , was induced in a manner quantitatively and temporally related to FasR protein induction , and consistent with STAT 1 mediation of the synergistic effect of IFN gamma and AT on FasR expression . ^^^ |
|
| Interacting proteins: P19525 and P42224 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| The catalytic activity of the eukaryotic initiation factor 2alpha kinase PKR is required to negatively regulate Stat 1 and Stat 3 via activation of the T cell protein tyrosine phosphatase . ^^^ Previous data have implicated PKR in cell signaling via regulation of Stat 1 and Stat 3 , but the molecular mechanisms underlying these events have remained elusive . ^^^ Using PKR ( / ) mouse embryonic fibroblasts and a conditionally active form of human PKR , we demonstrate herein that tyrosine ( but not serine ) phosphorylation of either Stat 1 or Stat 3 is impaired in cells with activated kinase . ^^^ This reduction in Stat 1 and Stat 3 tyrosine phosphorylation by active PKR proceeds through TC PTP , which is a substrate of the eukaryotic initiation factor 2alpha kinase both in vitro and in vivo . ^^^ These data reveal a novel function of PKR as a negative regulator of Stat 1 and Stat 3 with important implications in cell signaling . . ^^^ |
|
| Interacting proteins: P19525 and P42224 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| Thus , knock down of RAX expression by 80 % using small interfering RNA ( siRNA ) prevents IFNgamma / tumor necrosis factor alpha ( TNFalpha ) induced PKR activation and eIF2alpha phosphorylation , IkappaB degradation , IRF 1 expression , and STAT 1 phosphorylation , resulting in enhanced murine embryonic fibroblast ( MEF ) cell survival . ^^^ |
|
| Interacting proteins: P19525 and P42224 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| NA |
|
| Interacting proteins: P19525 and P42224 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| NA |
|
| Interacting proteins: P19525 and P42224 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| NA |
|
| Interacting proteins: P19525 and P42224 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| NA |
|
| Interacting proteins: P19525 and P42224 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| NA |
|
| Interacting proteins: P19525 and P42224 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| NA |
|
| Interacting proteins: P19525 and P42224 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| NA |
|
| Interacting proteins: P19525 and P42224 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| NA |
|
| Interacting proteins: P19525 and P42224 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| NA |
|
| Interacting proteins: P19525 and P42224 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| NA |
|
| Interacting proteins: P19525 and P42224 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| NA |
|
| Interacting proteins: P19525 and P42224 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| NA |
|
| Interacting proteins: P19525 and P42224 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| NA |
|
| Interacting proteins: P19525 and P42224 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| NA |
|
| Interacting proteins: P19525 and P42224 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| NA |
|