Pubmed abstracts for Protein-Protein Interaction search result :

Interacting proteins: P10646 and P08246	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P10646 and P08246	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P10646 and P08246	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P10646 and P08246	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
To study age differences in basal NE and EPI metabolism we infused eight young ( aged 19 26 yr ) and eight old ( aged 64 74 yr ) normal subjects with [ 3H ] NE or [ 3H ] EPI ( 15 microCi / m2 bolus dose plus 0 . 35 microCi / m2 / min for 50 min ) to achieve steady state conditions on separate days . ^^^ The plasma clearance rates of EPI and NE were nearly identical in the young subjects ( 1 . 63 + / 0 . 14 vs . 166 + / 0 . 09 L / min 10 m 2 ; P = NS ) . ^^^ Plasma NE clearance was lower in the old compared to the young subjects ( 1 . 38 + / 0 . 06 vs . 1 . 64 + / 0 . 10 L / min 10 m 2 ; P less than 0 . 05 ) and was lower than EPI plasma clearance in the same subjects . ^^^ Although NE and EPI can be removed by both neuronal and nonneuronal uptake mechanisms , and mean plasma clearance values for NE and EPI are the same in the young , the age related decline in catecholamine clearance is specific for NE . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P10646 and P08246	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
To assess sympathetic nervous system ( SNS ) activity in panic disorder , arterialized venous norepinephrine ( NE ) and epinephrine ( EPI ) were measured in 10 patients and 10 age and weight matched controls . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P10646 and P08246	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
For serum concentrations of 10 15 nM the bound fractions were 28 . 8 + / 2 . 2 % , 25 . 7 + / 1 . 7 % and 22 . 2 + / 2 . 2 % for ( + / ) isoproterenol ( IPR ) , ( + / ) norepinephrine ( NE ) and ( + / ) epinephrine ( EPI ) , respectively . ^^^ The catecholamines were bound to AAG with the same order of potency for both classes of binding sites : IPR ( Kd 1 : 100 microM Kd 2 : 2 . 2 mM ) greater than NE ( Kd 1 : 120 microM , Kd 2 : 6 . 5 mM ) greater than EPI ( Kd 1 : 140 microM , Kd 2 : 14 mM ) . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P10646 and P08246	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
A venous blood sample was drawn at the end of each test and assayed for lactate ( La ) , epinephrine ( EPI ) , and norepinephrine ( NE ) . ^^^ End exercise La , NE , EPI , and Tre were all lower for identical work rates after training . ^^^ Correlations of VE with NE , EPI , and Tre were much less strong ( r = 0 . 49 , 0 . 43 , and 0 . 15 , respectively ) . . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P10646 and P08246	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Second , norepinephrine ( NE ) , epinephrine ( EPI ) and dopamine ( DA ) were measured in the isolated theca layer of the five largest preovulatory follicles at specific times during the ovulatory cycle and changes in catecholamine content were correlated with ovarian events . ^^^ The content of NE and EPI in the theca layer of the F 1 follicle was significantly ( p less than 0 . 01 ) higher at 6 h before ovulation than at other times for the F 1 follicle . ^^^ In contrast , NE and EPI content of the theca layer of second ( F 2 ) and third ( F 3 ) largest follicles did not change during the ovulatory cycle . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P10646 and P08246	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Mean arterial pressure ( MAP ) and heart rate ( HR ) were recorded continuously , and plasma renin activity ( PRA ) , ANG 2 immunoreactivity ( ANG 2 IR ) , aldosterone ( ALDO ) , arginine vasopressin ( AVP ) , norepinephrine ( NE ) , epinephrine ( EPI ) , and serum Na+ and K+ were measured at 3 and 6 h . ^^^ Plasma levels of AVP , NE , serum Na+ and K+ did not change , but plasma EPI was significantly elevated at 6 h . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P10646 and P08246	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
A three part experiment was designed to show whether hypoxemia alters splanchnic vasomotor responses to other stresses by vasodilating splanchnic organs , preventing norepinephrine ( NE ) induced vasoconstriction , or altering total sympathetic nervous activity ( SNA ) assessed by plasma levels of NE and epinephrine ( Epi ) . ^^^ Part 3 : in six subjects , two levels of hypoxemia ( FIO 2 = 10 . 4 and 7 . 7 % ) did not increase NE levels in five men , and Epi increased in two men only at FIO 2 = 7 . 7 % . ^^^ We conclude that hypoxemia caused only a small splanchnic vasodilation not mediated by Epi , did not prevent transient NE induced vasoconstriction , and either did not significantly increase SNA or prejunctionally inhibited NE release . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P10646 and P08246	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
The metabolism of catecholamines ( CA ) in non selected patients with chronic renal failure and under hemodialysis ( CRFh ) was studied by measuring the concentration of plasma free , sulfo and glucuroconjugated CA , dopamine ( DA ) , norepinephrine ( NE ) , and epinephrine ( EPI ) . ^^^ Our data demonstrate a statistically significant increase of free DA and free NE concentration in CRFh , while that of free EPI was not different from controls . ^^^ Suspecting that conjugated CA might be altered in CRFh , plasma sulfo and glucuro conjugated DA , NE and EPI were also measured . ^^^ We have found a predictable and highly significant increase of sulfo conjugated CA ; plasma concentration of glucuro conjugated DA and NE in CRFh was not different from controls , while that of glucuro conjugated EPI was significantly increased . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P10646 and P08246	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
The levels of free noradrenaline ( NE ) , adrenaline ( Epi ) , and dopamine ( DA ) increased considerably , whereas no significant changes for sulfate conjugated catecholamines , PRL , and cortisol were observed . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P10646 and P08246	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
BCO elevated arterial pressure and the arterial plasma concentrations of NE , DA , and epinephrine ( Epi ) . ^^^ To obtain more correct estimates of the renal contribution to the renal venous catecholamine outflow , we corrected for the renal extraction of arterial catecholamines , assessed as the extractions of [ 3H ] NE , [ 3H ] DA , or endogenous Epi . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P10646 and P08246	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
The Ca2+ ionophores X537A and A 23187 produced dose dependent release of endogenous epinephrine ( Epi ) as well as norepinephrine ( NE ) and dopamine ( DA ) from chopped rat hypothalamus and brainstem . ^^^ X537A and A 23187 were approximately equipotent in causing the release of the hypothalamic Epi , NE and DA , but X537A was much more effective than A 23187 in causing the maximal release . ^^^ Ca2+ independent release of Epi , NE and DA in the chopped hypothalamus was also observed with indirectly acting sympathomimetic amines ( e . g . tyramine and amphetamine ) . ^^^ These results suggest that X537A caused release of endogenous brain Epi , NE and DA by transporting the biogenic amines across vesicular or intracellular storage sites . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P10646 and P08246	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Plasma levels of norepinephrine ( NE ) and epinephrine ( EPI ) were determined before hypotension , at 5 min and 30 min during hypotension , and at 5 min and 30 min during recovery . ^^^ During the control period ( no clonidine ) , SNP induced hypotension resulted in increases in plasma catecholamine levels , with larger increases in EPI ( from 70 + / 26 to 851 + / 140 pg / ml , at 30 min ) than NE ( from 171 + / 26 to 334 + / 58 pg / ml , at 30 min ) . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P10646 and P08246	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
We correlated levels of circulating norepinephrine ( NE ) and epinephrine ( Epi ) induced by 1 ) infusions , 2 ) treadmill exercise , and 3 ) hemorrhage with left ventricular ( LV ) function in conscious dogs instrumented for the measurement of LV and arterial pressures , LV diameter , and calculations of indexes of myocardial contractility . ^^^ Moderate treadmill exercise doubled LV dP / dt , while NE and Epi rose by only 563 + / 128 and 292 + / 50 pg / ml , respectively . ^^^ Hemorrhage ( 30 ml / kg ) decreased all indexes of contractility but increased plasma NE by 1 , 108 + / 206 pg / ml and Epi by 1 , 475 + / 266 pg / ml . ^^^ Despite arterial NE and Epi levels 10 20 times those during exercise , infusions were unable to reproduce the peak changes in contractility seen with exercise . ^^^ Infusions of NE or Epi to equal the plasma levels during exercise increased contractility by only 5 10 % . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P10646 and P08246	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Plasma epinephrine ( EPI ) and norepinephrine ( NE ) levels were examined among healthy men aged 20 to 25 and 60 to 65 years basally and during EPI infusions . ^^^ Plasma NE levels were elevated among the elderly men , but both age groups had an increase in NE during the EPI 42 . 9 ng / kg / min infusion rate . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P10646 and P08246	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Central catecholaminergic activity was studied by measurement of norepinephrine ( NE ) , epinephrine ( EPI ) , their metabolites : total 3 methoxy 4 hydroxyphenylglycol ( MHPG ) and 3 , 4 dihydroxyphenylglycol in brain nuclei in response to bilateral dorsomedullary knife cut ( DMK cut ) in rats . ^^^ In saline pretreated conscious rats DMK cut caused a marked hypertension , tachycardia and increases in plasma NE , EPI and vasopressin . ^^^ DMK cut decreased NE and EPI in the nucleus tractus solitari ( NTS ) and A 2 area ; there were no catecholamine changes in A 1 area or the periventricular nucleus but an increase in the paraventricular nucleus ( PVN ) , the latter effect reversed by CHL . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P10646 and P08246	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Control values for dopamine ( DA ) , norepinephrine ( NE ) and epinephrine ( EPI ) in the brain were 2181 + / 226 , 1112 + / 80 and 6 . 5 + / 2 . 02 ng / g , respectively . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P10646 and P08246	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
The present experiment assessed such changes after one trial inhibitory ( passive ) avoidance training and , in addition , measured concentration changes in 3 methoxy 4 hydroxyphenylglycol ( MHPG ) , the major metabolite of brain NE , as well as dopamine ( DA ) and epinephrine ( EPI ) levels . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P10646 and P08246	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
In rats treated with alpha methyl p tyrosine ( alpha MpT ) or saline , the effects of clonidine on the levels and turnover of norepinephrine ( NE ) , epinephrine ( EPI ) and dopamine ( DA ) were analyzed in microdissected regions of the hypothalamus and extra hypothalamic structures . ^^^ Epinephrine and DA turnover , in contrast to NE turnover , was unaffected by clonidine in all brain areas , with the exception of the midlateral hypothalamus , where the alpha MpT induced depletion of EPI and DA was totally reversed by clonidine , and in the frontal cortex , where DA turnover was also significantly reduced . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P10646 and P08246	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Follicular fluid was aspirated from follicles of ovaries obtained from pigs throughout the 21 day estrous cycle and analyzed for norepinephrine ( NE ) , epinephrine ( EPI ) , and estradiol ( E 2 ) . ^^^ Serum was obtained from cycling pigs on days 6 10 and 16 20 of the cycle and assayed for NE , EPI , E 2 , and progesterone . ^^^ Serum NE and EPI concentrations were similar during midluteal and follicular phases , whereas progesterone and E 2 were significantly elevated during the luteal and follicular phases , respectively . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P10646 and P08246	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
To elucidate the role of the central gamma aminobutyric acid ( GABA ) system in the maintenance of deoxycorticosterone ( DOCA ) NaCl hypertension , the responses of mean arterial pressure ( MAP ) , plasma norepinephrine ( NE ) , and epinephrine ( EP ) to intracerebroventricular ( ICV ) administration of muscimol , a GABA agonist , and the responses of MAP to bicuculline , a GABA antagonist , and to clonidine , an alpha 2 adrenoceptor agonist known to lower blood pressure by inhibiting sympathetic tone , were examined in conscious , unrestrained 4 week DOCA / NaCl hypertensive rats and age matched uninephrectomized control rats . ^^^ Basal plasma NE and EP were significantly higher in DOCA / NaCl rats than in controls . ^^^ Muscimol ( 1000 ng / 300 g , ICV ) induced decreases in plasma EP which were greater in DOCA / NaCl rats than in controls without changing NE levels in either group . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P10646 and P08246	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Plasma epinephrine ( EPI ) and norepinephrine ( NE ) were measured in conscious , unrestrained rats at rest , and following exercise , cold stress and hemorrhage . ^^^ Minor modifications of a standard , commercially available methodology achieved good chromatographic separation of both EPI and NE . ^^^ Sensitivity was sufficient for all NE measurements and for EPI measurements in the stress conditions . ^^^ Absolute values of NE , as well as the selective , qualitative changes found in both EPI and NE under each stress condition , were consistent with those found in other studies which used the radioenzymatic method . ^^^ Blood withdrawal of two 1 . 5 ml samples , 3 hours apart , had no detectable effect on EPI , NE , mean arterial pressure or heart rate in otherwise non stressed rats . . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P10646 and P08246	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Following a 90 minute saline infusion period , epinephrine ( [ EPI ] 180 ng / kg 10 min ) and norepinephrine ( [ NE ] 500 ng / kg 10 min ) were infused peripherally for 90 minutes into five 18 hour fasted , conscious dogs undergoing a pancreatic clamp ( somatostatin plus basal insulin and glucagon ) . ^^^ Arterial plasma levels of EPI and NE increased from 44 + / 9 to 2 , 961 + / 445 and 96 + / 6 to 6 , 467 + / 571 pg / mL , respectively ( both P < . 05 ) . ^^^ Portal vein plasma levels of EPI and NE increased from 23 + / 8 to 1 , 311 + / 173 and 79 + / 10 to 3 , 477 + / 380 pg / mL , respectively ( both P < . 05 ) . ^^^ Hepatic vein plasma levels of EPI and NE increased from 5 + / 2 to 117 + / 33 and 48 + / 10 to 448 + / 59 pg / mL , respectively ( both P < . 05 ) . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P10646 and P08246	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Plasma norepinephrine ( NE ) and epinephrine ( EPI ) raised significantly above baseline in the immediate post CCK 4 period , while in plasma dopamine ( DA ) , the significant increases were delayed . ^^^ In the platelets , significant post CCK 4 increases of NE and EPI concentrations were observed with a delay of several minutes . ^^^ In summary , we have demonstrated that , in healthy subjects , CCK 4 increases peripheral concentrations of catecholamines in both plasma and platelets , with the most consistent changes occurring in platelet NE and plasma EPI concentrations . . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P10646 and P08246	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
In both groups plasma norepinephrine ( NE ) , norepinephrine sulfate ( NE S ) , epinephrine ( EPI ) , and epinephrine sulfate ( EPI S ) increased significantly ( P < 0 . 05 ) during exercise with higher increments ( P < 0 . 05 ) in ANTA than in ATA ( NE : 87 . 5+ / 9 . 7 vs . 60 . 8+ / 7 . 1 nmol 10 L ( 1 ) , P < 0 . 034 ; EPI : 16 . 6+ / 3 . 3 vs . 6 . 9+ / 1 . 2 nmol 10 L ( 1 ) , P < 0 . 009 ) . ^^^ The short duration of SX was sufficient to increase plasma NE S and EPI S concentration . . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P10646 and P08246	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
YOH increased plasma NE , epinephrine ( EPI ) , DHPG , dihydroxyphenylalanine , and DOPAC levels by 4 . 3 , 7 . 3 , 2 . 5 , 0 . 6 and 1 . 8 fold and PVN microdialysate NE , DHPG , and DOPAC by 1 . 2 , 0 . 6 and 0 . 5 fold . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P10646 and P08246	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
To evaluate the functional status of neuronal alpha 2 adrenoceptors ( ARs ) and beta 2 ARs on ACh release in horses with recurrent airway obstruction ( RAO ) , we examined the effects of the physiological agonists epinephrine ( Epi ) and norepinephrine ( NE ) and the beta 2 agonists RR and RR / SS formoterol on ACh release from airway cholinergic nerves of horses with RAO . ^^^ Epi and NE caused less inhibition of ACh release in horses with RAO than in control horses . ^^^ At the catecholamine concentration achieved during exercise ( 10 ( 7 ) M ) , the inhibition induced by Epi and NE was 10 . 8 + / 13 . 2 and 3 . 4 + / 6 . 8 % , respectively , in equine RAO versus 41 . 0 + / 6 . 4 and 27 . 1 + / 5 . 6 % , respectively , in control horses . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P10646 and P08246	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
BACKGROUND : This investigation examined the relationship between trauma , psychiatric symptoms and urinary free cortisol ( UFC ) and catecholamine ( epinephrine [ EPI ] , norepinephrine [ NE ] , dopamine [ DA ] ) excretion in prepubertal children with posttraumatic stress disorder ( PTSD ) secondary to past child maltreatment experiences ( n = 18 ) , compared to non traumatized children with overanxious disorder ( OAD ) ( n = 10 ) and healthy controls ( n = 24 ) . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P10646 and P08246	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Norepinephrine ( NE ) and epinephrine ( Epi ) concentrations in arterial plasma and in skin tissue were measured chromatographically before and after external cooling . ^^^ The resting mean values were 36 . 7 + / 0 . 3 degrees C for rectal temperature , 0 . 62 + / 0 . 079 and 1 . 09 + / 0 . 203 ng / ml for plasma NE and Epi , and 85 . 6 + / 4 . 1 and 137 . 6 + / 34 . 3 ng / g for skin NE and Epi . ^^^ A decrease in rectal temperature by 0 . 5 degrees C at rapid cooling produced a 2 . 6 fold increase of NE and a 2 . 8 fold increase of Epi in plasma . ^^^ Concomitantly , there was a significant decrease in skin NE concentration by 28 % and Epi by 86 % . ^^^ At a rectal temperature decreased by 0 . 5 degrees C after slow cooling , plasma catecholamines did not change ; at unaltered skin NE concentration , there was a reduction in skin Epi concentration ( 60 % ) . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P10646 and P08246	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
The norepinephrine ( NE ) content determined in the diabetic brain stems did not show an increase , while epinephrine ( EPI ) content increased significantly compared with control . ^^^ The NE to EPI turnover showed a significant increase . ^^^ In insulin treated rats the NE content decreased while EPI content remained increased as in the diabetic state . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P10646 and P08246	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
The administration of FSH caused a significant increase in the concentrations of norepinephrine ( NE ) and epinephrine ( EPI ) in eminentia mediana ( EM ) of sheep ( p < 0 . 001 and p < 0 . 01 , respectively ) . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P10646 and P08246	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
A single injection of leptin ( 0 . 25 1 . 0 mg i . v . / rat or 0 . 5 2 . 0 pg i . c . v . / rat ) increased plasma norepinephrine ( NE ) and epinephrine ( EPI ) concentrations in a dose dependent manner . ^^^ Plasma NE and EPI concentrations were increased significantly when leptin was injected directly into the VMH but were unchanged when injected into the Arc , PVN , and DMH . ^^^ Plasma NE and EPI concentrations were unchanged in VMH lesioned rats that received a single intravenous injection of leptin . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P10646 and P08246	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.73615773
The relationship between NE and lymphocyte subsets was weaker than that with Epi , with the exception of CD 3 ( ) CD 16 ( + ) / 56 ( + ) counts , which were positively ( P < 0 . 0001 ) related to NE . 0.73615773^^^
Interacting proteins: P10646 and P08246	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Their adrenal glands were analyzed for tyrosine hydroxylase ( TH ) and phenylethanolamine N methyltransferase ( PNMT ) activities and for norepinephrine ( NE ) and epinephrine ( EPI ) concentrations . ^^^ Both NE and EPI increased to 88 per cent and 51 per cent above control , respectively , after 7 days . ^^^ In victim mice recuperating after 1 week of daily stress , EPI levels and PNMT activities were back to normal after 4 days whereas NE levels and TH activities returned to normal only after 1 week . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P10646 and P08246	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Adrenal medullectomy completely prevents the increase in plasma epinephrine ( Epi ) and diminishes by 30 % plasma NE . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P10646 and P08246	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
B using octanesulfonic acid for ion pairing and by optimising ionic strength , pH and methanol concentration of the mobile phase , separation was achieved of 3 , 4 dihydroxyphenylalanine ( DOPA ) , 3 , 4 dihydroxyphenylacetic acid ( DOPAC ) , norepinephrine ( NE ) , epinephrine ( EPI ) , and dopamine ( DA ) . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P10646 and P08246	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Twenty four hours after arterial cannulation , the `` basal ' ' levels of norepinephrine ( NE ) and epinephrine ( EPI ) in blood obtained through the catheter from conscious , undisturbed rats were 0 . 48 + / 0 . 06 and 0 . 36 + / 0 . 06 ng / ml , respectively . ^^^ Administration , via the arterial catheter , of cocaine ( 0 . 4 10 mg / kg ) produced dose related increases in NE ( 0 . 59 + / 0 . 03 to 1 . 58 + / 0 . 34 ng / ml ) and EPI ( 1 . 15 + / 0 . 16 to 6 . 67 + / 0 . 46 ng / ml ) . ^^^ Inhibition of catechol O methyltransferase by tropolone ( 40 mg / kg ) enhanced by 5 to 10 fold the maximal response to cocaine without altering significantly the basal plasma levels of EPI or NE . ^^^ Bilateral splanchnic denervation reduced the cocaine tropolone induced release of EPI and NE by 75 and 50 % , respectively . ^^^ Desipramine ( 10 mg / kg ) failed to alter significantly plasma levels of NE or EPI , even after tropolone . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P10646 and P08246	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Forced immobilization of rats triggers activation of adrenal medullary discharge of epinephrine ( EPI ) and sympathetic neuronal release of norepinephrine ( NE ) . ^^^ Decapitation produces an 80 fold increase in plasma levels of EPI and an 8 fold increase in NE . ^^^ Even minor disturbances produce highly significant increases in plasma EPI and NE and special precautions must be observed when studies involving plasma catecholamines or their effects are performed in animals . . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P10646 and P08246	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
These circulating plasma levels of catecholamines [ 0 . 46 ng of norepinephrine ( NE ) and 0 . 18 ng of epinephrine ( EPI ) per ml * were found to be markedly lower than previously reported for rats , which were generally handled or restrained prior to blood sampling . ^^^ Compared with animals in natural sleep , awake rats had increases in plasma levels of EPI but larger increases of NE . ^^^ Gentle handling , produced an additional increase in EPI only , whereas physical immobilization , produced massive elevations of circulating levels of both EPI and NE . ^^^ Decapitation was found to be associated with a 10 fold increase in circulating NE and an 80 fold increase in circulating levels of EPI , whereas dopamine remained at undetectable levels . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P10646 and P08246	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Both the catecholamines norepinephrine ( NE ) and epinephrine ( EPI ) produced dose dependent ( 10 ( 2 ) mug / ml threshold ; 10 ( 2 ) mug / ml maximum ) tetanic contractions of rabbit ligament . ^^^ The beta agonist , isoproterenol , had little effect on ligament tonus but did inhibit spontaneous activity and attenuated the response to both NE and EPI . ^^^ Propranolol , a beta blocker , slightly ( less than 10 % ) potentiated the stimulatory effects of NE and EPI . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P10646 and P08246	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
The relationship between the adrenergic system and the lateral hypothalamic self stimulation ( SS ) behavior was investigated by intraventricular injection ( by the use of the modelled hypodermic needle ) of catecholamines . l Epinephrine ( Ep ) , l norepinephrine ( NE ) facilitated the SS behavior dose dependently . ^^^ These results suggest the following : a ) the adrenergic or the noradrenergic system in the brain may play a more important role in the positive reinforcement of the lateral hypothalamic SS behavior than does the dopaminergic system . b ) The action of Ep or NE may be facilitated through alpha receptors rather than through beta receptors . c ) Facilitation by NE for the lateral hypothalamic SS behavior may not be due to the non specific facilitation of lever pressing , but rather may be related to intracranial stimulation . . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P10646 and P08246	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Epinephrine ( Epi ) in high doses or after propranolol produced the same effects as NE and SS . ^^^ We conclude that Epi in high doses or after propranolol depresses intestinal O 2 extraction by the same mechanism as NE and SS , but the mechanism through which Epi increases intestinal O 2 extraction is unclear . . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P10646 and P08246	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
These effects of DOB were not so pronounced as the marked depressor effect of isoproterenol ( Iso ) and pressor effects of epinephrine ( Epi ) , norepinephrine ( NE ) and dopamine ( DA ) . ^^^ Incidences of ventricular extrasystole observed at the maximal dosages of catecholamines , intravenous administration of 300 microgram / kg of DOB , 3 of Iso , 10 of Epi , 10 of NE , and 300 of DA , were 1 / 4 , 1 / 4 , 4 / 4 , 4 / 4 , and 2 / 4 , respectively . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P10646 and P08246	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
In conscious rats , intrathecal ( i . t . ) administration of norepinephrine ( NE ) produced pressor responses , whereas i . t . epinephrine ( Epi ) caused depressor responses at low doses ( 0 . 1 1 microgram ) and pressor responses at a higher dose ( 10 micrograms ) . ^^^ Epi administered i . t . produced bradycardia ; however , NE caused tachycardia at low doses and bradycardia at high doses . ^^^ The cardiovascular responses were dissimilar to those observed after intravenous ( i . v . ) administration of these doses of NE and Epi . ^^^ When [ 3H ] NE or [ 3H ] Epi ( 1 . 0 microgram , 10 mCi ) was injected i . t . , minimal radioactivity was detected in peripheral blood ( PB ) samples , indicating that the effects of i . t . injected catecholamines on blood pressure ( BP ) and heart rate ( HR ) are due to stimulation of central spinal adrenoceptors and not to peripheral effects after leakage . ^^^ Therefore , these spinally released catecholamines appear to produce opposite cardiovascular effects whereby sympathetic preganglionic neurons are excited by NE through spinal alpha 1 adrenoceptors and are inhibited by Epi through spinal alpha 2 adrenoceptors . . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P10646 and P08246	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Output of epinephrine ( EPI ) , and norepinephrine ( NE ) was determined from adrenal venous blood by high performance liquid chromatography ( HPLC ) with electrochemical detection . ^^^ Intraarterial ( i . a . ) injections of ACh ( 1 . 5 and 3 micrograms ) or muscarine ( 3 and 6 micrograms ) into the phrenicoabdominal artery and splanchnic nerve stimulation ( SNS , 3 Hz ) produced marked increases in EPI and NE output . ^^^ Hexamethonium ( 1 mg / kg intravenously , i . v . ) inhibited the increases in EPI and NE output in response to exogenous ACh and SNS . ^^^ Pirenzepine ( 10 micrograms / kg i . v . ) inhibited the ACh induced increases in EPI and NE output but did not modify the SNS induced increases . ^^^ The muscarine induced increases in EPI and NE output were also inhibited by pirenzepine . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P10646 and P08246	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
We report here that norepinephrine or epinephrine ( NE / EPI ) facilitates irANP secretion and pro ANP mRNA expression in long term cultures of rat hypothalamic neurons through their effects on alpha 2 adrenoceptors . ^^^ Six days after plating , media were replenished with serum free media and the cultures incubated for 4 more days with vehicle or various doses of NE , EPI , alpha or beta adrenoceptor agonists in the presence of absence of antagonists . ^^^ NE or EPI treatment significantly increased irANP secretion from the cultures in a dose related manner with ED 50 and Emax of approximately 0 . 2 microM and 1 microM respectively . ^^^ Clonidine ( alpha 2 agonist ) , but not phenylephrine ( alpha 1 agonist ) or isoprenaline ( beta agonist ) mimicked the effects of NE or EPI . ^^^ Our results indicate that NE or EPI , acting through its alpha 2 adrenoceptors , may modulate the function of ANP neurons in rat hypothalami by regulating the secretion and production of the neuropeptide at the genomic level . . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P10646 and P08246	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Blood pressure , heart rate ( HR ) , and plasma concentrations of norepinephrine ( NE ) , epinephrine ( EPI ) , adrenocorticotropin ( ACTH ) , and prolactin ( PRL ) were measured over time . ^^^ Under basal conditions , NE levels were higher and blood pressures were lower in aged rats , whereas there were no significant differences in EPI , ACTH , or PRL levels . ^^^ In contrast , there were no age related differences in the NE responses to DAMGO or CRH nor in CRH induced increases in EPI or ACTH . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P10646 and P08246	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
The endogenous catecholamines epinephrine ( EPI ) and norepinephrine ( NE ) were found to have low affinities ( micromolar ) for the beta 3AR of both species . ^^^ The rank orders of potency of various agonists in stimulating adenylyl cyclase were clearly different , i . e . , for the human beta 3AR , CGP 12177 ( CGP ) > isoproterenol ( ISO ) > or = BRL 34377 ( BRL ) = Pindolol > NE > EPI ; for the rat , CGP > or = BRL > ISO > or = NE > Pindolol > EPI . ^^^ The intrinsic activities of various agonists were also different , with the following rank orders ( compared with ISO ) : for the human beta 3AR , NE > EPI > BRL = CGP > Pindolol ; for the rat beta 3AR , BRL > NE > EPI > CGP > Pindolol . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P10646 and P08246	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Acute administration of LiCl ( 1 8 mEq / kg 4 ) triggered dose dependent increases in plasma epinephrine ( Epi ) , norepinephrine ( NE ) , and glucose levels throughout the 60 min analysis . ^^^ In contrast , administration of NaCl ( 8 mEq / kg 4 ) did not alter plasma Epi or NE levels , nor did it affect plasma glucose levels . ^^^ Prior blockade of 5 HT1A receptor and beta adrenoceptors by means of ( ) propranolol ( 5 mg / kg 4 ) , 10 min beforehand ) did not affect plasma Epi and NE responses to LiCl ( 4 mEq / kg ) , but it did prevent the hyperglycemic effect of LiCl . ^^^ Plasma Epi , NE and glucose responses to LiCl remained intact in rats pretreated with the 5 HT1C / 5 HT 2 receptor antagonist LY 53857 ( 1 mg / kg 4 ) , 10 min beforehand ) . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P10646 and P08246	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
These studies examined the effects of reserpine on concentrations of norepinephrine ( NE ) , dopamine ( DA ) and epinephrine ( EPI ) and on levels of tyrosine hydroxylase ( TH ) mRNA in locus coeruleus ( LC ) and medullary A 1 and A 2 neurons . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P10646 and P08246	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
In the renal intact group ( control ) , epinephrine ( EPI ) and norepinephrine ( NE ) output from the adrenal gland increased markedly during hemorrhagic hypotension : from 45 + / 13 and 4 . 7 + / 0 . 9 to 1 , 167 + / 202 and 169 + / 30 ng / min at 60 min after onset of hemorrhage , respectively . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P10646 and P08246	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
There was no effect of repeated hypoglycemia on the responses of plasma glucagon , EPI , or NE , though plasma EPI was correlated directly with glucose output ( P less than 0 . 001 ) and inversely with glucose uptake ( P less than 0 . 05 ) . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P10646 and P08246	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
To test whether diet affects catecholamine excretion in free living men , the urinary content of dopamine ( DA ) , epinephrine ( Epi ) , or norepinephrine ( NE ) was measured in 24 h collections provided by 572 participants of the Normative Aging Study of the Veterans Administration . ^^^ Although DA and NE were positively related to measures of body size and fatness , Epi was negatively related to body fatness . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P10646 and P08246	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
The differential effects of insulin induced hypoglycemia and cold exposure on adrenal medullary epinephrine ( Epi ) and norepinephrine ( NE ) cells were investigated in male Sprague Dawley rats . ^^^ Plasma Epi concentration was increased markedly after insulin , with a smaller increment in NE . ^^^ Cold exposure also led to a significant rise in plasma NE but not Epi . ^^^ Moreover , augmented synthetic activity functions to maintain catecholamine stores in both Epi and NE secreting cells . . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P10646 and P08246	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
In contrast to NE , urinary dopamine ( mean + / SD = 402 . 6 + / 392 micrograms / 24 hours , epinephrine ( EPI : mean + / SD = 14 . 3 + / 4 . 0 micrograms / 24 hours ) , the NE / EPI ratio ( mean + / SD = 8 . 3 + / 0 . 9 ) , urinary free cortisol ( mean + / SD = 157 . 9 + / 11 . 5 micrograms / 24 hours ) and serum cortisol ( mean + / SD = 35 . 0 + / 13 . 1 nM / l ) did not differ between groups . ^^^ Previous reports of a low NE / EPI ratio in suicidal patients may reflect adaptive changes rather than the acute state of the patient at the time of the attempt . . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P10646 and P08246	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Basal levels of EPI and cortisol , but not glucagon , GH , or NE also were reduced on the final study day . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P10646 and P08246	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
The relative rate of different routes of disposition of catecholamines was in the following order : for ( ) NE COMT greater than or equal to MAO greater than or equal to U 2 greater than U 1 , for ( ) Epi U 2 greater than or equal to COMT greater than MAO greater than U 1 . ^^^ The role of enzymatic degradation is almost equal to that of uptake processes for ( ) Epi , but it was greater for ( ) NE . . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P10646 and P08246	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Catecholamine levels , including norepinephrine ( NE ) , dopamine ( DA ) , and epineprine ( EPI ) , were determined in various brain regions by high performance liquid chromatography ( HPLC ) with electrochemical detection . beta endorphin levels were determined in the same regions by RIA . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P10646 and P08246	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Cord arterial blood was obtained for determination for norepinephrine ( NE ) and epinephrine ( EPI ) levels ; cardiovascular measurements included heart rate and systolic blood pressure at 30 min . ^^^ NE and EPI levels were significantly higher in MSAF versus control infants , i . e . , 12600 + / 3040 versus 3740 + / 1000 pg / ml ( SEM ) ( P < 0 . 02 ) and 1550 + / 250 versus 620 + / 130 pg / ml ( P < 0 . 001 ) respectively . ( ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS ) . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P10646 and P08246	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
To determine whether the concomitant effects of pregnancy and exercise yield substrate and endocrine patterns different from those expected during exercise alone , we compared the responses of glucose , lactate , free fatty acids , insulin , epinephrine ( EP ) , norepinephrine ( NE ) , human chorionic gonadotropin ( HCG ) , human placental lactogen ( HPL ) , estriol , and progesterone ( P ) in nonpregnant women ( NP ; n = 7 ) and pregnant women in the second ( TR 2 ; n = 6 ) and third trimester ( TR 3 ; n = 8 ) of pregnancy , before , during , and after 30 min of bicycle ergometer exercise at heart rates of 130 140 beats / min . ^^^ TR 2 : P , estriol , HCG , HPL , EP , and NE ( P less than 0 . 05 ) ; NP vs . ^^^ TR 3 : glucose , EP , and NE ( P less than 0 . 05 ) ; TR 2 vs . ^^^ TR 3 : lactate , EP , and NE ( P less than 0 . 05 ) . ( ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS ) . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P10646 and P08246	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Electrical stimulation of the RVL elicited increases in arterial pressure ( AP ) , heart rate ( HR ) and plasma concentration of epinephrine ( EPI ) and norepinephrine ( NE ) . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P10646 and P08246	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Epi infusion significantly raised platelet Epi by 67 % and decreased platelet and plasma norepinephrine ( NE ) by 23 and 17 % . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P10646 and P08246	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Over time , release of norepinephrine ( NE ) and epinephrine ( EPI ) diminished , while dopamine ( DA ) remained constant from the monoseeded capsules . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P10646 and P08246	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
The sympathoadrenal basal tone and reactivity were evaluated by the measure of plasma norepinephrine ( NE ) and epinephrine ( EPI ) levels in chronically cannulated awake and unrestrained animals under basal conditions and following an acute withdrawal of blood volume necessary to decrease the mean arterial pressure ( MAP ) by 50 mmHg in normotensive , in deoxycorticosterone acetate ( DOCA ) and salt ( NaCl ) hypertensive and in spontaneously hypertensive ( SHR ) ( 10 11 weeks ) rats . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P10646 and P08246	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
A high performance liquid chromatographic assay of methamphetamine ( MP ) and its related compounds , i . e . ephedrine ( EP ) , norephedrine ( NE ) , p hydroxymethamphetamine ( p HMP ) , p hydroxyamphetamine ( p HAP ) and amphetamine ( AP ) , with peroxyoxalate chemiluminescence detection has been developed . 4 ( N , N Dimethylaminosulphonyl ) 7 fluoro 2 , 1 , 3 benzoxadiazole ( DBD F ) was used as a fluorescent labeling reagent . ^^^ The detection limits ( S / N = 3 ) for the proposed method for MP , AP , EP , NE , p HMP and p HAP were 27 , 100 , 40 , 133 , 25 and 133 fmol on column , respectively . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P10646 and P08246	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Neither dose of ADI had any effect on heart rate , blood pressure or norepinephrine ( NE ) and epinephrine ( EP ) in plasma in the resting rats . ^^^ In the stressed animal , 2 . 5 and 5 . 0 mg / kg of ADI did not affect stress induced increases in heart rate or blood pressure but both significantly reduced the stress induced increases in plasma NE and EP . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P10646 and P08246	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
SUBJECTS AND METHODS : In 18 patients with a histologically proven pheochromocytoma and in nine patients with congestive heart failure , plasma levels of NE , epinephrine ( EPI ) , and DHPG ( radioenzymatic method ) were determined after 20 minutes of supine rest . ^^^ In order to analyze whether NE or EPI was the major secreted catecholamine , the patients with a pheochromocytoma were divided into two groups based on the increase of plasma NE above normal relative to that of EPI : Group 1 included patients with increased plasma NE or increased plasma NE and EPI . ^^^ Group 2 included patients with increased plasma EPI in combination with a nearly normal NE . ^^^ Although the prevalence of pure EPI producing pheochromocytomas is low , the plasma NE / DHPG ratio should be used with caution in the diagnostic evaluation of patients with a suspected pheochromocytoma . . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P10646 and P08246	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Thus , we have examined the effects of the 5 HT uptake inhibitor and releaser d fenfluramine ( d Fen ) on plasma epinephrine ( EPI ) , norepinephrine ( NE ) and glucose levels in conscious rats . ^^^ Acute administration of d Fen ( 1 8 mg / kg i . v . ) promoted early increases in plasma EPI and glucose levels , whereas increases in plasma NE levels were less marked . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P10646 and P08246	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
In conscious animals , handling and immobilization increase plasma levels of the catecholamines norepinephrine ( NE ) and epinephrine ( EPI ) . ^^^ Plasma levels of 3 , 4 dihydroxyphenylalanine ( DOPA ) , NE , EPI , and dopamine ( DA ) , the deaminated catechol metabolites 3 , 4 dihydroxyphenylglycol ( DHPG ) , and 3 , 4 dihydroxyphenylacetic acid ( DOPAC ) , and their O methylated derivatives methoxyhydroxyphenylglycol ( MHPG ) and homovanillic acid ( HVA ) were measured using liquid chromatography with electrochemical detection at 1 , 3 , 5 , 20 , 60 , and 120 min of immobilization . ^^^ By 1 min of immobilization , plasma NE and EPI levels had already reached peak values , and plasma levels of DOPA , DHPG , DOPAC , and MHPG were increased significantly from baseline , whereas plasma DA and HVA levels were unchanged . ^^^ During the remainder of the immobilization period , the increased levels of DOPA , NE , and EPI were maintained , whereas levels of the metabolites progressively increased . ^^^ Gentle handling for 1 min also significantly increased plasma levels of DOPA , NE , EPI , and the NE metabolites DHPG and MHPG , without increasing levels of DA or HVA . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P10646 and P08246	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
The second series explored the effects of DA ( 40 micrograms ) , NE ( 25 micrograms ) , EPI ( 25 micrograms ) , 5 HT ( 25 micrograms ) or AMPH again , in a similar way as described for AMPH in the first series . ^^^ No correlation was found between AMPH and NE or AMPH and epinephrine ( EPI ) . ( ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS ) . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P10646 and P08246	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
This paradigm was used to investigate the genetic architecture of the neurochemicals , norepinephrine ( NE ) , epinephrine ( EPI ) , 3 , 4 dihydroxyphenylacetic acid ( DOPAC ) , dopamine ( DA ) , and 3 methoxy 4 hydroxyphenylglycol ( MHPG ) . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P10646 and P08246	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Yohimbine and NIP increased and PRO + EPI and methoxamine decreased NE FSO , without effects on systemic blood pressure , heart rate , or arterial levels of catechols . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P10646 and P08246	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Plasma levels of norepinephrine ( NE ) and epinephrine ( EP ) showed no change at 2 weeks after the injection . ^^^ However , at 4 weeks there was a significant increase in NE ( p less than 0 . 01 ) , but not in EP . ^^^ There was no significant change in NE or EP in either ventricle at 2 weeks vs . the controls . ^^^ However , at 4 weeks there was a significant increase in both NE and EP in the right ventricle ( RV ) ( p less than 0 . 05 ) . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P10646 and P08246	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
SHR had similar blood pressure but exaggerated plasma norepinephrine ( NE ) and epinephrine ( EPI ) responses compared to their normotensive control strain , the Wistar Kyoto ( WKY ) , while the plasma catecholamine response of the first generation ( F 1 ) cross was intermediate . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P10646 and P08246	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Exercise evoked stimulus dependent and marked elevations of RVR , arterial NE , epinephrine ( Epi ) , and DA . ^^^ Increases in renin release ( +1 , 200 % at 188 W ) correlated with increases in renal NE and DA overflows and with arterial Epi levels . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P10646 and P08246	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Adrenal medullary secretion ( ng / min ) of epinephrine ( EPI ) , norepinephrine ( NE ) , dopamine , neuropeptide Y ( NPY ) , [ Met ] enkephalin ( ENK ) , and encrypted [ Met ] enkephalin was determined at baseline and in relation to both patterns of stimulation . ^^^ With near threshold ( 3 Hz ) stimulation , the following differences were observed between groups : ( 1 ) secretion of EPI , NPY , and ENK was significantly greater in the chronic than in the acute animals ; and ( 2 ) preferential secretion of NE was elicited in the acute animals . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P10646 and P08246	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Blood samples were taken at 10 min intervals over 4 h to establish the baseline state , and then each animal received an intracerebroventricular ( icv ) injection of NaCl ( control animals ) or catecholamine [ norepinephrine ( NE ) or epinephrine ( EPI ) ] . ^^^ To determine the predominant site of action of the catecholamines , we also examined the ability of NE and EPI to release ACTH from cultured ovine anterior pituitary cells . ^^^ NE and EPI ( 10 ( 9 ) 10 ( 6 ) M ) stimulated the release of ACTH in a dose dependent manner , but with maximal increments only 1 . 5 fold greater than the basal secretion . ^^^ NE and EPI also increased the maximal ACTH response to CRF , but did not alter the maximal ACTH release induced by arginine vasopressin . ( ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS ) . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P10646 and P08246	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Excretion of NE , Epi , vanilmandelic acid ( VMA ) , and HVA in urine was higher during the day than at night . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P10646 and P08246	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
In six patients with pheochromocytoma in whom the diagnosis was histologically confirmed after surgery , mean intraarterial blood pressure ( BP ) increased by 45 mm Hg within 3 min after intravenous ( i . v . ) injection of 2 mg glucagon ( 95 % confidence interval 23 68 mm Hg ) ; heart rate ( HR ) remained unchanged , whereas plasma norepinephrine ( NE ) increased by 216 % ( 31 658 % ) and plasma epinephrine ( EPI ) increased by 203 % ( 37 571 % ) . ^^^ Although glucagon stimulation confirmed the secretory potential of the pheochromocytomas , opioid antagonism by a 10 mg i . v . bolus of naloxone produced no significant change in plasma NE and EPI concentrations or intraarterial pressure . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P10646 and P08246	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Arterial blood samples for norepinephrine ( NE ) , epinephrine ( EPI ) , and plasma renin activity ( PRA ) were drawn prior to , during hypotension , and in the recovery period . ^^^ NE , EPI , and PRA all increased in group H , indicating activation of both the renin angiotensin system and the sympathetic system during hypotension . ^^^ Plasma NE levels increased , while EPI levels remained unchanged with a decline in the SNP dose requirement . ^^^ The C group demonstrated a rise in PRA levels , accompanied by unchanged NE and EPI levels and MAP during the study period . ^^^ Captopril administration decreased the SNP dose requirement and significantly decreased the sympathetic response ( measured by NE and EPI levels ) in group CH as compared to the H group . ( ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS ) . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P10646 and P08246	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
To collect further evidence that epinephrine ( EPI ) facilitates norepinephrine ( NE ) release in humans , the effect of a low dose intravenous ( i . v . ) infusion of EPI ( 20 ng kg 1 / min ) on arterial levels of NE and on local production of NE in the forearm was studied both before and during isometric exercise , cold provocation , head up tilting , and mental stress in 10 subjects with borderline to mild hypertension . ^^^ During infusion of EPI , which increased plasma EPI levels to within the high physiologic range , resting levels of NE increased from 214 + / 20 to 263 + / 26 pg / ml ( p less than 0 . 01 ) and resting NE forearm production increased from 296 + / 48 to 529 + / 98 pg 100 ml / min 1 ( p less than 0 . 01 ) . ^^^ The response of arterial NE , but not the response of forearm NE production , to three of the four stress tests was also enhanced ( p less than 0 . 05 ) by EPI . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P10646 and P08246	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Release of norepinephrine ( NE ) , and epinephrine ( EPI ) could be induced by 6 . 5 , 16 . 25 , and 32 . 5 nmol SP correlated with a pressor and a positive chronotropic response . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P10646 and P08246	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Arterial blood samples for norepinephrine ( NE ) , epinephrine ( EPI ) , and plasma renin activity ( PRA ) were drawn prior to and during hypotension , and during the recovery period . ^^^ NE , EPI , and PRA all increased in group H , indicating activation of both the renin angiotensin system and the sympathetic system during hypotension . ^^^ Plasma NE and EPI levels increased slightly with a decline in the SNP dose requirement . ^^^ Group E demonstrated a rise in PRA levels , accompanied by unchanged NE and EPI levels and MAP during the study period . ( ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS ) . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P10646 and P08246	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Adrenergic agonists , isoproterenol ( ISO ) , epinephrine ( EPI ) , and norepinephrine ( NE ) , inhibited carbachol stimulated contraction of muscle cells , with relative potencies ( IC50S ) of ISO ( 0 . 1 microM ) greater than EPI ( 1 . 4 microM ) greater than NE ( 11 microM ) . ^^^ Each agonist increased cellular cAMP , with relative potencies ( IC50S ) of ISO ( 0 . 5 microM ) greater than EPI ( 6 . 3 microM ) greater than NE ( 56 microM ) . ^^^ Binding of the nonselective beta antagonist 125I pindolol was temperature dependent , saturable , reversible , and specific . 125I pindolol binding was inhibited by the three agonists , with relative potencies ( IC50S ) of ISO ( 0 . 9 microM ) greater than EPI ( 9 . 6 microM ) greater than NE ( 112 microM ) . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P10646 and P08246	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
In the absence of phentolamine , the epinephrine ( EPI ) and norepinephrine ( NE ) cumulative dose response curves in this preparation were not affected by isoproterenol pretreatment with respect to EC 50 and maximal effect . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P10646 and P08246	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Isobutylmethylxanthine ( IBMX ) , a phosphodiesterase / adenosine receptor inhibitor , was combined with norepinephrine ( nE ) , epinephrine ( Epi ) and isoproterenol , respectively , to evaluate their effect on intraocular pressure ( IOP ) . ^^^ When IBMX was combined with nE or Epi the ocular hypotension in rabbits and beagles increased . ^^^ The Emax for nE alone was 2 . 9 + / 0 . 4 mmHg , for Epi alone 7 . 3 + / 0 . 5 mmHg and for isoproterenol alone 5 . 1 + / 0 . 3 mmHg . ^^^ The EC 50 was 0 . 2 + / 0 . 05 % ( nE ) , 0 . 05 + / 0 . 01 % ( Epi ) and 0 . 003 + / 0 . 001 % for isoproterenol . ^^^ When given in combination with 1 % IBMX the Emax for nE was 7 . 4 + / 1 . 7 mmHg , for Epi 9 . 0 + / 0 . 8 mmHg and for isoproterenol 6 . 1 + / 0 . 3 mmHg . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P10646 and P08246	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Plasma epinephrine ( Epi ) and norepinephrine ( NE ) increased at 30 min after the ICV injection of 1 microgram carbachol . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P10646 and P08246	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
The hypothesis that glucose can selectively activate the sympathetic nervous system ( SNS ) by direct action on the brain was tested using plasma norepinephrine ( NE ) and epinephrine ( Epi ) responses to intracarotid and intravenous glucose injections as indexes of SNS and adrenal medullary responses , respectively . ^^^ Intracarotid glucose bolus injections ( 0 . 1 g / kg ) transiently raised plasma glucose ( 22 % ) and insulin ( 98 % ) levels at 2 min and increased plasma NE , but not Epi , levels from 2 to 60 min . ^^^ Slow intracarotid glucose infusions for 60 min at 4 mg . kg 1 . min 1 raised plasma NE levels from 30 to 60 min with 250 % higher areas under the NE curve than the intracarotid and intravenous bolus doses but without a change in plasma glucose , insulin , or Epi levels . ^^^ Infusions at 6 mg . kg 1 . min 1 transiently raised plasma NE levels at 30 min without altering glucose , insulin , or Epi levels . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P10646 and P08246	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
To develop an anesthesia maintenance method that could be expected to maintain a reasonably stable state during dental treatment of the handicapped , three methods ( N2O / O2 [ 0 % enflurane ( E ) , n = 12 ] , N2O / O2 / 0 . 6 % E [ n = 8 ] , N2O / O2 / 1 . 5 % E [ n = 7 ] ) were evaluated in terms of changes in plasma levels of cortisol , epinephrine ( EP ) , and norepinephrine ( NE ) . ^^^ It is suggested that N2O / O2 inhalation anesthesia supplemented with low dose enflurane produces a stable state during dental treatment with respect to cortisol , EP , and NE responses . . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P10646 and P08246	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Plasma levels of norepinephrine ( NE ) and epinephrine ( EPI ) were measured in caval blood above the adrenal veins . ^^^ Electrical stimulation of the DM and VLM produced increases in blood pressure and in plasma NE and EPI levels that were enhanced after acute vagotomies . ^^^ The NE and EPI responses were attenuated after acute , bilateral adrenalectomies , confirming augmented adrenomedullary secretion , whereas the pressor responses were intact . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P10646 and P08246	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Research with humans is reviewed showing that increased levels of urinary epinephrine ( EPI ) and norepinephrine ( NE ) from samples taken following mental challenge / stress situations are associated with better performance in those situations and with emotional stability . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P10646 and P08246	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Exercise training has been shown to decrease plasma norepinephrine ( NE ) and epinephrine ( EPI ) levels during absolute levels of submaximal exercise , which may reflect alterations in sympathetic tone as a result of training . ^^^ To determine if beta adrenergic blockade altered these changes in the plasma concentration of catecholamines with exercise conditioning , we studied the effects of beta adrenergic blockade on NE and EPI at rest and during exercise in 24 healthy , male subjects after a 6 wk exercise training program . ^^^ There were no changes in resting NE and EPI compared with pretraining values in any subject group . ^^^ During the same absolute level of submaximal exercise NE decreased in P and A but was unchanged in N , whereas EPI decreased only in P . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P10646 and P08246	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Isoproterenol ( Iso ) , epinephrine ( Epi ) , and norepinephrine ( NE ) were administered intravenously for 4 min using an infusion pump . ^^^ Catecholamines reversibly depressed the ESP with the rank order of potency Iso greater than Epi greater than NE . ^^^ The threshold doses were 0 . 021 , 0 . 27 , and 1 . 94 micrograms / kg for Iso , Epi , and NE , respectively . beta Antagonist ( propranolol ) blocked the action of catecholamines on the ESP but alpha antagonist ( phentolamine ) did not . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P10646 and P08246	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
In conclusion , the data regarding fractional overflow and the effects of the phentolamine suggest that NE treatment produces minimal change whereas EPI treatment produces marked decreases in the influence in prejunctional alpha adrenoceptors . ^^^ However , although the data with UK 14 , 304 after NE treatment support this conclusion , the failure of EPI treatment to alter the dose response curve to UK 14 , 304 does not . ^^^ The apparent contradiction of the results with the alpha adrenoceptor agonist in the EPI treated group as well as the large differences between the effects of NE vs . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P10646 and P08246	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
The tissue content and overflow of norepinephrine ( NE ) , epinephrine ( Epi ) , dopamine ( DA ) , Met enkephalin ( Met Enk ) , and neuropeptide Y ( NPY ) from isolated , retrogradely perfused dog adrenal glands were studied . ^^^ Expressed as percentages of tissue stores , the rank order of overflow of autocoids was E approximately DA much greater than NE during resting conditions , DA much greater than E approximately NE during stimulation with 50 microM DMPP , and DA greater than Epi greater than NE during stimulation with 1 mM pilocarpine . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P10646 and P08246	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Concentrations of norepinephrine ( NE ) , epinephrine ( Epi ) , corticosterone , and melatonin in the plasma and NE and melatonin in the aqueous humor were determined . ^^^ The changes in plasma NE , Epi , and melatonin levels from the light to the dark phase were insignificant . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P10646 and P08246	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Plasma levels of norepinephrine ( NE ) and epinephrine ( EPI ) were measured in adult male Fischer 344 ( F 344 ) laboratory rats exposed to acute motion stress . ^^^ These data indicate that rotation stress provides a selective activation of epinephrine containing adrenal chromaffin cells as reflected in an increase in plasma EPI but not NE . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P10646 and P08246	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
When used in combination with methanol as ion pair in the mobile phase , sodium dodecyl sulfate effectively separated NE ( 6 . 6 min ) , epinephrine ( EPI , 7 . 9 min ) , DA ( 14 . 3 min ) and 5 HT ( 29 . 0 min ) and the high methanol concentration used prevented the overlapping of the metabolites and monoamines in their chromatographic peaks . 3 . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P10646 and P08246	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Serum starved MCs incubated in HCO 3 were exposed to one of the following : fetal calf serum ( FCS ) , serotonin , angiotensin 2 ( ANG 2 ) , arginine vasopressin ( AVP ) , bombesin ( Bom ) , bradykinin ( BK ) , epidermal growth factor ( EGF ) , epinephrine ( Epi ) , interleukin 1 ( IL 1 ) , norepinephrine ( NE ) , neuropeptide Y , oxytocin , substance P ( SP ) , platelet derived growth factor , or 12 O tetradecanoylphorbol 13 acetate ( TPA ) . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P10646 and P08246	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
A rapid blood volume depletion ( 15 ml / kg in 3 min ) evoked a marked elevation of pituitary stalk and arterial EPI plasma concentration while norepinephrine ( NE ) and dopamine ( DA ) levels were unaffected . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P10646 and P08246	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
NE , dopamine ( DA ) , and epinephrine ( EPI ) levels were measured by HPLC coupled with electrochemical detection in two brain areas ( hypothalamus and medulla oblongata ) relevant for blood pressure regulation . 3 . ^^^ Twelve or 20 days after 6 OHDA administration , NE and EPI but not DA levels decreased in the hypothalamus of the lesioned rats . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P10646 and P08246	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
This test makes use of human aorta elastin hydrolyzed by a chemical procedure ( kappa elastin ) instead of EP produced by pancreatic or leukocyte elastase . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P10646 and P08246	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Epinephrine ( EPI ) and norepinephrine ( NE ) were separated by high performance liquid chromatography . ^^^ EPI and NE did not change significantly . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P10646 and P08246	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Both epinephrine ( EPI ) and norepinephrine ( NE ) increased CVR , with EPI being more potent than NE . ^^^ The minimum concentrations of EPI and NE required for a significant change in CVR were much higher than plasma catecholamine levels reported for resting bullfrogs . ^^^ Although catecholamines are vasoactive , the sensitivity of the cutaneous vasculature to EPI and NE is probably too low to allow a direct regulatory role of these hormones on CVR . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P10646 and P08246	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
The rank order potency of catecholamine agonists , ( ) ISO greater than ( + ) ISO greater than EPI greater than NE , reveals the presence of type 2 receptor for the beta adrenergic binding on both differentiated and undifferentiated NG 108 15 cells . 7 . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P10646 and P08246	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Blood samples were taken at 0 , 25 , 55 , 85 , and 115 min of exercise and were assayed for glucose , glucagon ( GG ) , cortisol ( CT ) , insulin ( IN ) , epinephrine ( EP ) , and norepinephrine ( NE ) . ^^^ EP and NE levels were not affected by CHO ingestion . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P10646 and P08246	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
At PaCO 2 of 110 Torr , plasma NE increased 3 . 4 fold above maximal basal concentrations ; plasma EPI was 1 . 8 fold greater than basal under the same conditions . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P10646 and P08246	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Plasma DOPA fell to 58 % of the pre injection level , while concentrations of the catecholamines NE , EPI , and DA were generally unaffected . ^^^ There were no differences in the concentrations of DA , NE or EPI within the adrenal medulla between saline and 4 ' amino MPTP treated groups . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P10646 and P08246	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
The results showed that 100 % of the plasma epinephrine ( EP ) and 70 to 80 % of plasma norepinephrine ( NE ) released during the dive came from the adrenal glands . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P10646 and P08246	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Baseline plasma norepinephrine ( NE ) and epinephrine ( EPI ) concentrations were measured in dogs with naturally acquired heart failure ( HF ) caused by either degenerative mitral valve disease and mitral regurgitation ( MR ) or idiopathic dilated cardiomyopathy ( DCM ) . ^^^ Correlations were not found between the echocardiographically derived end systolic volume index ( used as an estimate of myocardial function ) and plasma NE and EPI concentrations or serum sodium or potassium concentration . ^^^ It was concluded that in dogs , plasma NE , but not EPI , concentration is high in relation to the clinical severity of naturally acquired HF . ( ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS ) . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P10646 and P08246	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Norepinephrine ( NE ) and epinephrine ( EPI ) collected from dogs were sequentially and temporally measured in blood and plasma at 24 C . ^^^ In heparinized plasma , NE and EPI concentrations were relatively stable in the absence or presence of preservative after 24 hours at 24 C . ^^^ In EDTA plasma , NE and EPI values were less stable when compared with those in heparinized samples . ^^^ Addition of preservative had no stabilizing effect on NE or EPI in heparinized or EDTA plasma . ^^^ During long term storage at 70 C , plasma NE and EPI values decreased less than 0 . 6 and less than 0 . 1 pg / d , respectively . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P10646 and P08246	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Then , ventilation was decreased to produce a PaCO 2 of 60 mmHg ; this was accompanied by a significant elevation in plasma level of both epinephrine ( EPI ) ( P less than 0 . 02 ) and NE ( P less than 0 . 001 ) . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P10646 and P08246	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
On Day 28 , rats of each group were exposed to 30 min of restraint stress and timed blood samples were collected and later analyzed for content of norepinephrine ( NE ) and epinephrine ( EPI ) . ^^^ Basal measures of blood pressure and heart rate and of plasma NE and EPI were comparable for rats of the three groups . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P10646 and P08246	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Moreover , muscarine released primarily epinephrine ( EP ) from rat adrenal glands while nicotine released norepinephrine ( NE ) and Ep . ^^^ Etorphine inhibited NE and EP release evoked by nicotine to the same extent , whereas , muscarine mediated release of NE and EP was not affected . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P10646 and P08246	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Plasma NE and epinephrine ( EPI ) were determined before and 1 hr after ETX ( 1 . 5 mg / kg ) or saline injection . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P10646 and P08246	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
A `` vaso vagal ' ' reaction in one subject was associated with cessation of renal NE overflow and marked elevations of arterial Epi , renal renin release , and arterial ANG 2 . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P10646 and P08246	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Injection of the opiate antagonist naloxone ( 5 mg / kg ) precipitated a withdrawal response including an increase in mean arterial blood pressure ( BP ) , biphasic heart rate response and an increase in plasma norepinephrine ( NE ) and Epinephrine ( Epi ) . ^^^ In morphine dependent rats in which NE levels in sympathetic nerves have been reduced by prior exposure to 6 hydroxydopamine , naloxone produced a biphasic BP response , an initial decrease followed by an increase along with a 3 fold increase in plasma Epi . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P10646 and P08246	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Following application of a single 2 min restraint stress the hypothalamic concentration of norepinephrine ( NE ) was significantly decreased at 5 min after onset of the stress and returned to prestress levels by 15 min ; the hypothalamic dopamine ( DA ) concentration was significantly increased at 30 min after the onset of the stress , while the hypothalamic epinephrine ( EPI ) concentration remained unchanged . ^^^ A second 2 min restraint stress applied at 30 min markedly lowered NE concentrations in whole and mediobasal hypothalamus but not in laterobasal hypothalamus , and the NE concentrations remained decreased for a period lasting at least 60 min ; there was a significant decrease in the hypothalamic EPI concentration 60 min after application of the second stress at 30 min . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P10646 and P08246	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Plasma norepinephrine ( NE ) levels were used to monitor sympathetic nervous system activity , and plasma epinephrine ( Epi ) levels were used to monitor adrenal activity . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P10646 and P08246	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
CSF norepinephrine ( NE ) , epinephrine ( EPI ) , and dopamine ( DA ) levels were measured in 12 normotensive ( age 36 + / 3 years ; SBP = 116 + / 4 and DBP = 79 + / 4 mm Hg ) and in 12 EHT ( age 41 + / 2 years ; CSF NE levels were twofold higher in EHT ( 240 + / 23 pg / ml ) than in normotensive subjects ( 127 + / 28 pg / ml ) . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P10646 and P08246	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
We therefore determined the levels of the catecholamines ; epinephrine ( EPI ) , norepinephrine ( NE ) and dopamine ( DA ) and some of their metabolites ; epinine , dihydroxyphenyl acetic acid ( DOPAC ) , homovanillic acid ( HVA ) , metanephrine ( ME ) and 3 methoxy 4 hydroxy phenylglycol ( MHPG ) in the kidneys of rats treated intraperitoneally with either CsA ( 120 micrograms / kg / body wt / day ) or control vehicle ( 1 ml olive oil / kg body wt / day ) . ^^^ Treatment with CsA increased renal NE and EPI levels by 59 % and 70 % respectively within 1 hour . ^^^ In the rats sacrificed 24 hours after treatment , renal NE , EPI and DA levels were similar to or less than the control levels . ^^^ Treatment with CsA for 7 days resulted in marginal increases in renal NE ( 22 % ) and EPI ( 30 % ) . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P10646 and P08246	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Plasma norepinephrine ( NE ) , epinephrine ( EPI ) levels , and plasma renin activity ( PRA ) were measured . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P10646 and P08246	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Responses to exogenous norepinephrine ( NE ) were generally unaffected , indicating that the EPI induced increases in response to field stimulation are not explicable in terms of changes in postjunctional sensitivity . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P10646 and P08246	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Plasma Epi , norepinephrine ( NE ) , and K+ levels were also measured . ^^^ Coronary artery ligation increased plasma Epi levels in both NK an HK rats , but plasma NE increased further in HK rats . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P10646 and P08246	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Cellular contents of L DOPA , norepinephrine , ( NE ) , L epinephrine ( EPI ) , and dopamine ( DA ) in differentiated cells , induced by 1 mM dibutyryl cyclic AMP ( dBcAMP ) , are 149 , 40 , 129 , and 124 % , respectively , higher than those in undifferentiated cells . 4 . 3 , 4 Dihydroxyphenethylacetic acid ( DOPAC ) , the major metabolite of DA , is detectable only in differentiated cells . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P10646 and P08246	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Similar to DA , both norepinephrine ( NE : 1 mg / kg , subcutaneously ) and epinephrine ( EPI : 1 mg / kg , subcutaneously ) showed inhibition of the motor activity and gastroprotection against acidified ethanol , but these effects were also significantly attenuated by yohimbine . ^^^ A highly significant relationship was found between the inhibitory effects of DA , NE , and EPI on the motor activity and the mucosal lesions ( r = 0 . 8577 , P less than 0 . 05 ) . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P10646 and P08246	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Significant increases in plasma norepinephrine ( NE ) , epinephrine ( EPI ) , and dopamine ( DA ) levels occur 5 min following injection , corresponding to the hypertensive phase . ^^^ Thirty minutes after clonidine injection , blood pressure , NE , EPI , and DA levels had returned to control levels . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P10646 and P08246	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Cardiac norepinephrine ( NE ) , dopamine ( DA ) , epinephrine ( Epi ) , and dihydroxyphenylethylene glycol ( DHPG ) ( a major neuronal metabolite of NE ) content were measured in rats with cardiac failure resulting from left ventricular myocardial infarction ( LVMI ) induced by coronary ligation . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P10646 and P08246	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
During enflurane anesthesia , 50 micrograms / kg FEN decreased mean arterial blood pressure ( MAP ) , heart rate ( HR ) , and plasma concentrations of norepinephrine ( NE ) and epinephrine ( EPI ) significantly . ^^^ MAP , EPI , and NE levels were significantly greater than pre FEN baseline values only in hypercapnic dogs 1 minute after NX and were also significantly higher in hypercapnic than in hypocapnic dogs at this time . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P10646 and P08246	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Concentrations of thyroid stimulating hormone ( TSH ) , triiodothyronine ( T 3 ) , epinephrine ( Epi ) and norepinephrine ( NE ) in the plasma were elevated at 30 min after an i . v . injection of 10 micrograms TRH . ^^^ However , similar i . v . injections of 10 100 ng Epi and 100 ng NE caused a 1 . 5 3 mm Hg IOP elevation for 15 30 min . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P10646 and P08246	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Plasma levels of norepinephrine ( NE ) and epinephrine ( EPI ) increased significantly above basal values in all animals exposed to acute footshock stress . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P10646 and P08246	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Plasma epinephrine ( EPI ) , norepinephrine ( NE ) , and sufentanil levels were also obtained . ^^^ Plasma NE significantly increased ( 31 % ) in the ketamine group , peaking at 10 minutes ; whereas EPI levels did not significantly change in either group . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P10646 and P08246	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
The rate of the spontaneous activity of cultured cells from the chick embryonic ventricle was only slightly increased by norepinephrine ( NE ) or epinephrine ( EP ) , even if it was applied close to the cell . ^^^ Namely , NE , EP , or cAMP showed positive inotropic action but slight chronotropic action on cultured ventricle cells . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P10646 and P08246	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
The training of swimmers and long distance runners , building up endurance , resulted in a significantly lower basal plasma norepinephrine ( NE ) concentration and a significantly or possibly lower ratio NE : EPI ( epinephrine ) . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P10646 and P08246	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
We studied the presence of peripheral presynaptic beta adrenoceptors by giving intra arterial infusions of EPI in the forearm before and during uptake inhibition , and the effects of systemic infusions of very low dose epinephrine ( EPI ) and isoproterenol ( ISO ) on hemodynamics and arterial and venous plasma NE concentrations . ^^^ An i . a . infusion of EPI , 0 . 1 ng . kg 1 . min 1 , increased the net overflow of NE from 0 . 3 + / 1 . 0 to 5 . 4 + / 1 . 8 pmol . min 1 ( M + / SEM , p less than 0 . 05 ) and raised the calculated arterial plasma EPI concentration to 0 . 92 + / 0 . 22 nmol . l 1 . ^^^ The uptake inhibition increased the net overflow of NE to 15 . 4 + / 2 . 4 pmol . min 1 and during addition of EPI , 0 . 1 ng . kg 1 . min 1 , it further increased to 23 . 0 + / 4 . 1 pmol . min 1 ( p less than 0 . 05 ) , while it decreased during addition of an effective beta blocking dose of propranolol , 50 ng . kg 1 . min 1 i . a . , to 18 . 2 + / 4 . 1 pmol . min 1 ( n . s . ) . ^^^ Systemic infusions of EPI and ISO increased blood pressure , heart rate , and forearm blood flow before significant changes in arterial or venous plasma NE concentrations were found . ^^^ It is concluded that the increases in net NE overflow from the forearm during local EPI infusions indicate the presence of peripheral presynaptic beta adrenoceptors which are responsive to physiologic concentrations of EPI . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P10646 and P08246	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Electrolytes , epinephrine ( EP ) , and norepinephrine ( NE ) were measured at rest , at peak exercise , and at ten minutes postexercise . ^^^ Resting EP was 51 + / 20 pg / mL , NE 314 + / 187 , and at peak exercise EP was 107 + / 61 ( P less than . 001 ) and NE 1016 + / 566 ( P less than . 001 ) . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P10646 and P08246	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
When differentiated , the adrenal medulla is formed by two populations of cells : the norepinephrine ( NE ) cells , which contain the first 3 enzymes of the catecholamine pathway , and the epinephrine ( Epi ) cells , which contain all 4 enzymes . ^^^ Moreover , ( b ) the proportion of NE and Epi cells is already similar to that of adults and ( c ) the adult proportion of steady state PNMT mRNA is also achieved prior to E 18 . ^^^ Questions are raised as to the identity of the cues , genetic and / or epigenetic , which determine the differentiation of NE and Epi cells in the adrenal gland . . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P10646 and P08246	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
We measured renal sympathetic nerve activity ( RNA ) and arterial plasma concentration of norepinephrine ( NE ) and epinephrine ( EPI ) before , during , and after eating in six conscious cats . ^^^ The plasma NE level increased significantly ( P less than 0 . 05 ) during eating from the control value of 0 . 56 ng / ml and reached a maximum value of 1 . 33 ng / ml at 4 . 5 5 min , whereas the plasma EPI level did not change significantly from the control value of 0 . 12 ng / ml . ^^^ The plasma levels of NE and EPI were unaffected by the blood samplings . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P10646 and P08246	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Plasma levels of norepinephrine ( NE ) and epinephrine ( EPI ) were measured in blood samples taken from control and chronically stressed rats to provide an assessment of sympathetic adrenal medullary activity . ^^^ Basal plasma levels of NE and EPI were similar for chronically stressed and control rats . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P10646 and P08246	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
The effect of prior immobilization stress ( IMO ) on the plasma epinephrine ( EPI ) , norepinephrine ( NE ) , adrenocorticotropic hormone ( ACTH ) , and corticosterone ( CS ) responses to acute hemorrhage was studied in conscious male rats with chronic catheters in tail artery , using two combinations of IMO and hemorrhage . ^^^ IMO per se led to significant increases of EPI , NE , ACTH , and CS in all animals . ^^^ Hemorrhage of 25 % of estimated blood volume ( EBV ) performed immediately after 150 min IMO caused exaggerated release of EPI and NE , whereas CS remained unchanged at the level previously elevated by IMO . ^^^ Hemorrhage of 35 % EBV after 60 min IMO and a 10 min recovery period also resulted in potentiated increases in EPI and NE , suppressed ACTH secretion , and no further change in stress elevated CS concentration . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P10646 and P08246	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Epinephrine ( Epi ) and norepinephrine ( NE ) activated AH 130 adenylate cyclase about half as much as isoproterenol ( IPN ) but equaled IPN after treatment with the alpha antagonist phentolamine or islet activating protein ( IAP ) . ^^^ These catecholamines activated adenylate cyclase in order of IPN greater than NE greater than Epi in AH 130 cells but IPN greater than Epi greater than NE in hepatocytes . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P10646 and P08246	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Mean arterial blood pressure ( MAP ) , heart rate ( HR ) , and integrated efferent renal sympathetic nerve activity ( ERSNA ) were recorded , and blood samples were taken for the determination of plasma concentrations of epinephrine ( Epi ) , norepinephrine ( NE ) , arginine vasopressin ( AVP ) , osmolality , plasma renin activity ( PRA ) , and serum sodium and potassium . ^^^ The increased activity of the sympathetic nervous system was not accompanied by changes in PRA , Epi , NE , or AVP . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P10646 and P08246	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
We have examined direct effects of epinephrine ( EPI ) , norepinephrine ( NE ) , the beta adrenergic agonist isoproterenol ( ISO ) , and the alpha adrenergic agonist phenylephrine ( PHE ) on testicular testosterone ( T ) production in hamsters with gonadal regression induced by 12 wk exposure to short photoperiod ( SD ) and in gonadally active hamsters maintained in long photoperiod ( LD ) . ^^^ However , EPI , NE , and PHE at 10 ( 5 ) M , but not ISO , augmented the stimulation of T by hCG . ^^^ In sharp contrast to these findings , T production by the regressed testes of SD animals was stimulated by EPI ( at 10 ( 8 ) 10 ( 5 ) M ) , NE ( at 10 ( 6 ) 10 ( 5 ) M ) , and PHE ( at 10 ( 6 ) 10 ( 5 ) M ) in a dose related manner , but unaffected by ISO . ^^^ Moreover , 10 ( 5 ) M of EPI , NE , and PHE augmented the stimulatory effect of hCG on T production . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P10646 and P08246	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
This study investigated the direct effect of catecholamines , epinephrine ( EPI ) , and norepinephrine ( NE ) on basal and gonadotropin releasing hormone ( GnRH ) stimulated secretion of luteinizing hormone ( LH ) from dispersed pig pituitary cells in vitro . ^^^ EPI and NE did not affect basal LH secretion after 4 h of incubation . ^^^ When pituitary cells were incubated with EPI or NE ( 1 microgram / ml ) for longer than 30 min , GnRH stimulated LH secretion was reduced . ^^^ The degree of this reduction was dependent on EPI and NE , and a concentration of EPI and NE higher than 1 ng / ml and 100 ng / ml , respectively , was needed . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P10646 and P08246	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
The overflows of norepinephrine ( NE ) and dopamine ( DA ) to renal venous plasma were measured as indexes of nerve activity ; the fractional extraction of Epi was used to assess renal catecholamine extraction from arterial plasma . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P10646 and P08246	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Sympathetic adrenal medullary responses to acute footshock stress were assessed in inbred Dahl salt sensitive ( S / JR ) and salt resistant ( R / JR ) rats by measuring plasma levels of norepinephrine ( NE ) and epinephrine ( EPI ) . ^^^ Basal plasma levels of NE and EPI were also similar in S / JR and R / JR rats . ^^^ Upon transfer from the home cage to a shock chamber , S / JR rats exhibited significant increases in plasma levels of both catecholamines , while R / JR rats maintained circulating levels of NE and EPI that were near baseline values . ^^^ However , S / JR and R / JR rats had similar increments in plasma NE and EPI following acute footshock stress . ^^^ Five minutes after footshock , levels of NE and EPI returned toward baseline values for R / JR ' s , but remained significantly elevated above baseline in hypertensive S / JR rats . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P10646 and P08246	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
The metabolism of norepinephrine ( NE ) and epinephrine ( EPI ) in peripheral tissues limits the use of venous plasma levels of these parameters as an index of overall sympathetic or adrenomedullary activity . ^^^ Therefore venous ( deep antecubital vein ) and arterial ( brachial artery ) concentrations of NE and EPI were compared in 16 hypertensive subjects . ^^^ NE and EPI were determined after 30 min supine rest , and immediately before and after isometric exercise , cold provocation , head up tilting ( OST ) and Stroop ' s colour word test ( CWT ) . ^^^ Assuming similar fractional extractions ( FE ) of NE and EPI , 46 + / 14 % ( mean + / SD ) of venous NE appeared to be produced locally . ^^^ All four tests caused an increase in arterial and venous NE , whereas EPI did not change . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P10646 and P08246	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
We examined whether epinephrine ( EPI ) or norepinephrine ( NE ) plasma concentrations could predict resuscitation outcome . ^^^ In nine mongrel dogs , EPI and NE levels were drawn before cardiac arrest and after 8 and 14 min of cardiac arrest and CPR . ^^^ Plasma catecholamines increased significantly with cardiac arrest , EPI levels increased from a control level of 15 . 9 + / 3 . 0 to 396 . 0 + / 63 . 3 pmol / ml after 8 min of cardiac arrest ( p less than . 05 ) , and NE levels similarly increased from 4 . 4 + / 1 . 7 to 66 . 5 + / 12 . 0 pmol / ml ( p less than . 01 ) . ^^^ Successfully resuscitated animals also had increased NE levels after exogenous EPI , while unsuccessfully resuscitated animals had either no change or a decrease ( p less than . 02 ) . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P10646 and P08246	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Basal plasma levels of norepinephrine ( NE ) and epinephrine ( EPI ) were similar in control and chronically stressed rats . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P10646 and P08246	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Single neurons in the NTS of the rat were studied for their responses to activation of the baroreceptor reflex and to iontophoretic administration of dopamine , norepinephrine ( NE ) , and epinephrine ( EPI ) to determine the relationship between the effects of baroreflex activation and CA application on baroreceptive neurons in the vagal sensory nucleus . ^^^ The inhibitory effects of NE and EPI on NTS neuronal activity were specifically blocked by the alpha adrenergic receptor antagonist tolazoline , but not by the beta adrenergic antagonist sotalol . ^^^ These results indicate that CAs may interact at several sites within the NTS to influence baroreflex integration , and that the effects of NE and EPI on neuronal activity are mediated by an alpha adrenergic receptor . . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P10646 and P08246	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Splanchnic nerve stimulation in bursts at low ( 5 Hz ) and high ( 50 Hz ) frequency ( 30 5 , 1 msec ; train duration 1 sec ; train rate 0 . 5 / second ) was employed in 10 cats under halothane anesthesia , during 10 minute periods , while blood samples were concurrently collected from the adrenal vein and femoral artery for the measurement of norepinephrine ( NE ) , epinephrine ( EPI ) , dopamine ( DA ) , Met enkephalin ( ME ) , neuropeptide Y ( NPY ) , peptide YY ( PYY ) and neurotensin ( NT ) . ^^^ Splanchnic nerve stimulation at 5 Hz caused a preferential increase in adrenal vein NE ( 9 fold ) versus EPI ( 7 fold ) levels as compared to baseline , while 50 Hz stimulation led to further comparable increases in NE ( 5 fold ) and EPI ( 6 fold ) levels . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P10646 and P08246	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
After 30 min of cold air , norepinephrine ( NE ) increases from 2 . 01 + / 0 . 26 to 7 . 15 + / 0 . 64 nmol / L , and epinephrine ( Epi ) increases from 201 + / 25 to 295 + / 34 pmol / L . ^^^ In contrast , after 30 min of hot air exposure , Epi rises from 161 + / 32 to 348 + / 43 pmol / L , while NE rises slightly from 2 . 07 + / 0 . 26 to 2 . 57 + / 0 . 64 nmol / L . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P10646 and P08246	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Plasma epinephrine ( Epi ) and norepinephrine ( NE ) concentrations rapidly increased postdive in all animals . ^^^ He O 2 breathing did not affect concentrations of Epi , NE , cortisol , T 4 , T 3 , or serum ACE activity . . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P10646 and P08246	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Plasma NE and EPI were significantly ( p less than 0 . 05 ) elevated by YOH treatment in both SHR and WKY , but SHR exhibited a significantly ( p less than 0 . 05 ) greater percent increase in plasma NE than WKY . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P10646 and P08246	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Serum levels of ACTH , EPI , NE , and vasopressin ( AVP ) were unaltered by metoclopramide . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P10646 and P08246	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
The effect of exogenous l norepinephrine ( NE ) and l epinephrine ( EP ) on transmembrane transport of p aminohippurate ( PAH ) was studied in rat proximal tubular basolateral membrane vesicles . ^^^ At final concentrations of 1 microM , NE and EP each produced significant elevations in vesicle uptake of [ 3H ] PAH . ^^^ The enhancement of PAH transport by NE or EP was inhibited by either phentolamine ( 100 microM ) or yohimbine ( 100 microM ) . ^^^ Basolateral Na+ K+ adenosine triphosphatase activity also was increased significantly by either NE or EP ( 1 microM ) . ^^^ However , in the absence of NE or EP , PAH uptake into ATP loaded vesicles was not significantly greater than into control vesicles . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P10646 and P08246	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
A large decrease in hypothalamic EPI levels was observed in rats given central PNMT inhibitors , whereas these treatments did not affect hypothalamic norepinephrine ( NE ) levels . ^^^ Plasma EPI , but not NE , was decreased to similar levels after treatment with peripheral or central PNMT inhibitors . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P10646 and P08246	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Free epinephrine ( EPI ) increases showed a highly significant correlation with NE except during fin swimming with a neoprene suit where EPI concentrations were constantly higher . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P10646 and P08246	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Output of epinephrine ( EPI ) and norepinephrine ( NE ) was determined from adrenal venous blood by using high performance liquid chromatography with electrochemical detection . ^^^ SNS ( 0 . 3 , 1 and 3 Hz ) produced increases in both EPI and NE output in a frequency dependent manner . ^^^ Leu enkephalin ( 10 100 micrograms / kg i . v . ) and morphine ( 10 100 micrograms / kg i . v . ) attenuated the increase in EPI and NE output induced by 1 or 3 Hz of SNS without affecting the basal catecholamine output . ^^^ The increase in EPI and NE output induced by 1 and 3 Hz of SNS was enhanced markedly by naloxone ( 10 1000 micrograms / kg i . v . ) and by naltrexone ( 10 1000 micrograms / kg i . v . ) . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P10646 and P08246	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
ISO and EPI stimulated GH secretion at concentrations as low as 10 ( 8 ) M , but NE required a concentration of 10 ( 6 ) M to cause significant GH release . ^^^ GH release after ISO , EPI , and NE was concentration dependent , and the order of potency was ISO greater than EPI greater than NE . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P10646 and P08246	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
The responsiveness to three beta adrenergic agonists , isoproterenol ( IPN ) , epinephrine ( Epi ) and norepinephrine ( NE ) in AH13O cells was examined compared with that in normal rat liver cells which were cultured for 24 hr after collagenase digestion . ^^^ As regards to the activation of adenylate cyclase in the cell homogenates , the relative affinity of the three agonists was in order of IPN greater than NE greater than Epi in AH 130 cells and IPN greater than Epi greater than NE in cultured normal liver cells . ^^^ While the efficacies of the three agonists were similar in cultured liver cells , those of NE and Epi were markedly lower than that of IPN in AH13O cells and were increased to the similar level of IPN by pretreatment with phentolamine , but not with prazosin . ^^^ In IAP treated AH13O cells , the efficacies of NE and Epi became close to that of IPN . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P10646 and P08246	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Serial measurements were taken of the plasma renin activity ( PRA ) , plasma angiotensin 1 immunoreactivity ( Ang 1 ir ) , plasma angiotensin 2 ir ( Ang 2 ir ) , renin substrate ( RS ) catecholamines [ epinephrine ( Epi ) and norepinephrine ( NE ) ] and vasopressin ( AVP ) . ^^^ These hemodynamic changes were accompanied by increases in PRA , Ang 1 ir , Ang 2 ir , Epi , NE and AVP . ^^^ A marked elevation of the blood pressure was associated with significant increases in PRA , Ang 1 ir , Ang 2 ir , Epi , NE and AVP , compared with the pre occlusion values . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P10646 and P08246	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Epinephrine ( EPI ) and norepinephrine ( NE ) induced a marked vasoconstriction in a dose related manner . ^^^ A large dose of EPI and NE usually induced an increase in perfusion pressure of more than 100 200 mm Hg . ^^^ The order of potency of constriction was EPI greater than or equal to NE greater than PE = MT much greater than KCl greater than CLO greater than or equal to TYR greater than or equal to XYL . ^^^ The vasoconstrictor responses to EPI and NE were significantly suppressed by 3 7 days of cold storage . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P10646 and P08246	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Results were as follows : ( 1 ) epinephrine ( EPI ) , norepinephrine ( NE ) , phenylephrine ( PHE ) , and KCl induced a marked vasoconstriction in these arteries , although xylazine ( XYL ) and clonidine ( CLO ) did not produce any significant change ; ( 2 ) bunazosin , a potent alpha 1 adrenoceptor blocker , antagonized the effects of NE and PHE in a dose related manner , and did not affect the responses to KCl ; ( 3 ) diltiazem reduced the KCl induced vasoconstriction in a dose related manner , and it did not significantly influence the vascular responses to NE ; ( 4 ) SNP reduced the NE induced vasoconstriction but the KCl induced vasoconstriction was only suppressed by a large dose of SNP . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P10646 and P08246	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
The buccal segment of the canine facial vein which was precontracted moderately with prostaglandin F 2 alpha relaxed to different extents in response to dopamine ( DA ) , norepinephrine ( NE ) , epinephrine ( Epi ) and isoproterenol ( Isp ) . ^^^ In the presence of an alpha adrenoceptor blockade and inhibitors of neuronal and extraneuronal uptakes , the four catecholamines relaxed the vein fully , and the order of pD 2 values was Isp ( 8 . 34 ) greater than Epi ( 7 . 53 ) approximately equal to NE ( 7 . 50 ) much greater than DA ( 5 . 31 ) . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P10646 and P08246	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Left ventricular catecholamine levels were found to be correlated inversely with beta adrenoceptor density in the two strains ; norepinephrine ( NE ) and epinephrine ( EPI ) concentrations ( ng / mg protein ) in left ventricle were 12 . 19 + / 0 . 94 for NE and 0 . 165 + / 0 . 038 for EPI in MNRA / Har , and 8 . 73 + / 0 . 95 and 0 . 018 + / 0 . 018 , respectively , in MR / Har . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P10646 and P08246	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Urethane anesthesia brought much higher concentrations in plasma Epi and NE in the dog than in the rat . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P10646 and P08246	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
MS , Leu enk , B endor , and Dyn given icv , produced elevations of plasma norepinephrine ( NE ) and epinephrine ( Epi ) concentrations . ^^^ When MS was given icv , mean Epi and NE plasma levels increased 10 50 times the increases noted with B endor , Leu enk and Dyn . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P10646 and P08246	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
The effects of two catecholamines , epinephrine ( EP ) and norepinephrine ( NE ) , on carbohydrate metabolism were studied by incubating chinook salmon liver in vitro . ^^^ Both EP and NE ( 2 10 10 ( 7 ) M ) stimulated glucose release rapidly during the first hour . ^^^ After 5 h , EP and NE significantly increased glucose release over basal levels to 43 . 55 + / 9 . 01 and 32 . 75 + / 6 . 17 mumol / g dry weight , respectively . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P10646 and P08246	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Corneal endothelial cells in primary culture responded to isoproterenol ( Iso ) , epinephrine ( Epi ) , nor epinephrine ( NE ) , Prostaglandins E 1 and E 2 ( PGE 1 , PGE 2 ) and forskolin by increasing cyclic AMP 61 , 52 , 28 , 14 , 10 , and 176 fold , respectively , over control within a 10 minute incubation period . ^^^ Iso preincubation also decreased the effectiveness of other beta adrenergic agonists ( Epi and NE ) , but responses to PGE 1 , PGE 2 and forskolin remained unchanged . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P10646 and P08246	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
O 2 consumption ( VO 2 ) and plasma concentrations of the calorigenic agents , epinephrine ( EPI ) and norepinephrine ( NE ) were measured in alpha chloralose anesthetized dogs under control conditions and for 3 h after the administration of either 1 ) intracisternal ( ic ) veratrine to activate the SNS , 2 ) intravenous ( 4 ) veratrine , 3 ) ic saline , or 4 ) ic veratrine , after clamping the adrenal blood vessels . ^^^ VO 2 increased 31 . 7 + / 3 . 6 % ( SE ) , and EPI and NE increased to , respectively , 30 , 853 + / 8 , 347 and 8 , 176 + / 2 , 104 pg / ml in the ic veratrine group . ^^^ No increases in VO 2 and EPI and attenuated increases in NE were observed in the ic veratrine animals with clamped adrenals . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P10646 and P08246	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
The hypothalamic secretion of epinephrine ( EPI ) , norepinephrine ( NE ) , and dopamine ( DA ) into hypophysial portal blood was studied in adrenalectomized rats subjected to heat stress . ^^^ Portal plasma EPI levels were increased 3 fold by heat stress whereas portal plasma concentrations of NE and DA were not altered by stress . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P10646 and P08246	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Measurement of plasma catecholamines before and after i . v . administration of 10 micrograms OT revealed a 53 % inhibition of EPI ( P less than 0 . 01 ) and 43 % inhibition of NE ( P less than 0 . 05 ) . ^^^ Superfused bisected adrenal glands exposed to 10 ( 6 ) M OT for 10 min secreted more than 30 % less EPI and NE than control adrenals suggesting that the inhibition of EPI and NE secretion by OT in vivo occurs , at least in part , directly at the level of the adrenal . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P10646 and P08246	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Nerve stimulation evoked significant increases in tritium ( 16371 + / 2109 cpm ) and catecholamine ( 11 . 5 + / 1 . 0 ng norepinephrine [ NE ] , 123 . 1 + / 13 . 0 ng epinephrine [ EP ] ) release from the adrenal medulla . ^^^ In the presence of etorphine , the nerve stimulation mediated release of tritium , NE and EP was inhibited . ^^^ In contrast , the ACh mediated release of NE but not EP was inhibited by etorphine . ^^^ Therefore , the inhibitory effect of etorphine on NE , EP and tritium release evoked by nerve stimulation suggests a functional role for opiate receptors on transmitter release from sympathetic and splanchnic nerve endings . ^^^ However , the differential effect of etorphine on NE and EP release evoked by ACh injection indicates that opiate receptors on chromaffin cells modulates NE but not EP release . . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P10646 and P08246	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Thus 1 ) AV3V lesions result in decreased NE and EPI concentrations in multiple brain regions ; 2 ) acute reductions in central NE in AV3V 10 rats are associated with increased extracellular NE in the AH and DMM , suggesting increased NE release ; and 3 ) although increased DMMNE is temporally related to increased blood pressure following AV3V lesions , increased DMMNE is not a response to the hypertension per se . . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P10646 and P08246	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Plasma levels of testosterone , androstenedione , 17 hydroxyprogesterone , DHEA sulphate , cortisol , LH , FSH , and the catecholamines noradrenaline ( NE ) , adrenaline ( EPI ) and dopamine were measured in 31 acutely brain injured men , aged 18 95 , shortly after their accident and 4 days later . ^^^ In all patients , NE and EPI were elevated on admission ( NE : 841 + / 105 ( SEM ) pg / ml ; EPI : 191 + / 32 pg / ml and there were highly significant inverse correlations between admission NE ( r = 0 . 52 , P less than 0 . 003 ) and EPI ( r = 0 . 44 , P less than 0 . 02 ) levels and day 4 testosterone concentrations . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P10646 and P08246	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Plasma epinephrine ( EPI ) , norepinephrine ( NE ) , beta endorphin , and corticotropin ( ACTH ) responses were measured during insulin induced hypoglycemia in normal subjects and in patients with either multiple system atrophy ( MSA ) or idiopathic orthostatic hypotension ( IOH ) . ^^^ In normal subjects , there was a striking rise in EPI , NE , beta endorphin , and ACTH following the nadir of hypoglycemia . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P10646 and P08246	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Norepinephrine ( NE ) and epinephrine ( EPI ) increased during swimming under submaximal and maximal conditions . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P10646 and P08246	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
We investigated the effects of exercise on the sympathoadrenal system by determining catecholamine ( CA ) concentrations in the venous blood and urine [ free norepinephrine ( NE ) , epinephrine ( EPI ) ] and the respective sulfoconjugates in plasma and various hormonal , metabolic , and cardiocirculatory parameters . ^^^ At rest and following recovery the ratio of free NE / EPI in plasma was markedly higher in the group of sprinters in comparison with the long distance runners . ^^^ The pre start ratios of NE / EPI in urine were similar to those in plasma . ^^^ The sports disciplines ' specific differences in NE / EPI both at rest and during exercise suggest that the overall sympathetic activity , reflected by NE and EPI , is regulated in a quite differentiated pattern . ^^^ There were strong relations between the levels of free plasma NE and EPI and that of blood lactate which , however , rather reflects a parallelism subsequent to the highly intensive stimulation . . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P10646 and P08246	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
In the training fight which is physically more strenuous , norepinephrine ( NE ) was significantly higher ( +27 % ) than in the championship contest after which the epinephrine ( EPI ) level was more increased ( +76 . 5 % ) . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P10646 and P08246	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Effects of mental stress ( a 20 min modified Stroop ' s color word conflict test ; CWT ) on the absorption of 125I labeled soluble human insulin ( 10 U s . c . in the thigh 60 min before CWT ) and on subcutaneous adipose tissue blood flow ( ATBF ; 133Xe clearance ) ; heart rate ( HR ) ; arterial blood pressure ( BP ) ; and arterial levels of epinephrine ( Epi ) , norepinephrine ( NE ) , and glycerol were studied in 11 healthy subjects . ^^^ Thus , arterial plasma Epi rose from 0 . 18 + / 0 . 03 to 0 . 82 + / 0 . 17 nM ( P less than . 01 ) and NE from 0 . 94 + / 0 . 09 to 1 . 69 + / 0 . 18 nM ( P less than . 001 ) . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P10646 and P08246	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Splenic concentrations of norepinephrine ( NE ) , 3 , 4 dihydroxyphenylalanine ( DOPA ) , epinephrine ( EPI ) and 3 , 4 dihyxroxyphenylethylamine ( DA ) were determined by HPLC with electrochemical detection . ^^^ NE and EPI concentrations tended to be elevated in the EAE group , but this was not statistically significant . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P10646 and P08246	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
The relationship between adrenal ( preganglionic ) sympathetic nerve activity ( AdSNA ) , cardiac sympathetic nerve activity ( CSNA ) , and arterial catecholamines , i . e . , epinephrine ( Epi ) and norepinephrine ( NE ) , were analyzed during 200 s of occlusion of left anterior descending coronary artery in anesthetized cats . ^^^ Arterial NE and Epi progressively increased from 0 . 54 + / 0 . 05 and 0 . 29 + / 0 . 03 ng / ml to 1 . 41 + / 0 . 16 and 0 . 59 + / 0 . 08 ng / ml at 3 min after the onset of occlusion , respectively . ^^^ The correlation between AdSNA and arterial Epi ( r = 0 . 71 ; P less than 0 . 01 ) and between AdSNA and arterial NE ( r = 0 . 57 ; P less than 0 . 05 ) were significant , but the correlation between CSNA and arterial NE was not significant . ^^^ On the other hand , in adrenalectomized cats , the increases in arterial Epi and NE did not appear during coronary occlusion . ^^^ We concluded that , with coronary occlusion , AdSNA increased and , in turn , caused an increase in arterial Epi and NE . . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P10646 and P08246	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
After this treatment heart rate ( HR ) and mean arterial blood pressure ( MBP ) were not higher than in the other forms of regeneration , although the norepinephrine ( NE ) and epinephrine ( EPI ) increase was significantly higher after the second run compared with other treatments . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P10646 and P08246	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Norepinephrine ( NE ) , epinephrine ( EPI ) , and dopamine ( DA ) were determined in the blood plasma of 122 subjects by high performance liquid chromatography with amperometric detection ( HPLCA ) . ^^^ The range of normal values in the supine position was 0 . 15 3 . 50 nmol / l for NE , 0 . 01 0 . 80 nmol / l for EPI , and 0 . 04 4 . 50 nmol / l for DA . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P10646 and P08246	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
For the syntheses of the 3 O sulfates of norepinephrine ( NE ) and epinephrine ( EPI ) , modifications of the methods of Stolz ( 12 ) and Arakawa et al . ( 1 ) were performed . ^^^ After reduction of these ketosulfates by sodium borohydride in dry pyridine , NE 3 O S and EPI 3 O S were obtained respectively . ^^^ The highly purified products ( DA 4 O S , NE 3 O S , EPI 3 O S ) were characterized by their melting points ( mp ) , infrared spectra ( IR ) , thin layer chromatography ( TLC ) , high performance liquid chromatography ( HPLC ) , elemental analysis , and 1H nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy ( 1H NMR ) . . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P10646 and P08246	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Sequential changes in plasma norepinephrine ( NE ) and epinephrine ( EPI ) concentration were correlated with changes in blood pressure and cardiac rate in 14 patients undergoing surgery because of pheochromocytoma . ^^^ NE and EPI were usually secreted simultaneously , but release of either NE or EPI alone occurred on some occasions . ^^^ There were marked variations in the concentration ratio of NE to EPI in plasma at different periods of observation , which suggests that pheochromocytomas release varying amounts of catecholamines in a random fashion . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P10646 and P08246	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Therefore , NE , EP , ME , and SHBG titer , as well as E 2 and LH measurements might usefully index prognoses for IVF . . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P10646 and P08246	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Arterial plasma epinephrine ( Epi ) was doubled , and norepinephrine ( NE ) increased by 50 % . ^^^ Both metoprolol and propranolol halved heart rate responses ; whereas increases in mean arterial pressure , Epi , and NE were uninfluenced . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P10646 and P08246	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Following naloxone administration ( S 5 ) , the adrenal medullary release of NE , epinephrine ( EPI ) , DA , NT , and NPY was significantly ( twofold ) increased ; however , the animals ' hemodynamic situation did not improve . . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P10646 and P08246	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
In the present study , the responsiveness of the PVN to the effects of the coexisting neurotransmitters , neuropeptide Y ( NPY ) , epinephrine ( EPI ) and norepinephrine ( NE ) , was examined . ^^^ The response to EPI was significantly stronger than that of NE and NPY , while the latency to eat after injection was considerably longer for NPY as compared to the catecholamines . ^^^ In tests with food absent , each of these substances also increased blood levels of corticosterone ( EPI greater than NE = NPY ) and vasopressin ( NPY greater than EPI greater than NE ) and revealed a significant positive correlation between circulating levels of these two hormones . ^^^ In addition , EPI and NE , in contrast to NPY , caused a simultaneous rise in blood glucose , producing levels that were positively correlated with the hormones . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P10646 and P08246	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Yohimbine ( 0 . 3 10 mg / kg , s . c . ) caused time and dose related increases in plasma renin activity ( PRA ) and concentration ( PRC ) which were accompanied by time and dose related elevations of plasma norepinephrine ( NE ) and epinephrine ( Epi ) concentrations . ^^^ Significant positive correlations were found between the increases in PRA and the increases in plasma NE and Epi concentrations caused by yohimbine , and propranolol ( 1 . 5 mg / kg , s . c . ) blocked 90 % of yohimbine ( 3 mg / kg , s . c . ) induced renin release . ^^^ Over the entire spectrum of doses of yohimbine , the increases in PRA and plasma NE and Epi concentrations were positively correlated with the decreases in mean arterial pressure ( MAP ) , but the y intercept was positive in every case and the 1 mg / kg dose of yohimbine consistently increased PRA independent of any change in MAP . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P10646 and P08246	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Myocardial tissue levels of norepinephrine ( NE ) and epinephrine ( EPI ) were also measured at the end of 8 wk of training . ^^^ Mean arterial blood pressure ( BP ) , heart rate ( HR ) , and blood samples for arterial lactate , plasma NE and EPI , and blood gases were obtained at rest and at 20 , 40 , and 60 min of exercise . ^^^ SW elicited higher plasma levels of NE and EPI compared with C at base line and C and R at 4 wk . ^^^ Myocardial tissue NE and EPI concentrations were markedly increased in both the left and right ventricle of the SW group compared with both R and C . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P10646 and P08246	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Urinary electrolyte excretion , plasma renin activity ( PRA ) , aldosterone , NE , and epinephrine ( EPI ) were also determined . ^^^ Plasma NE and EPI levels in the two groups were also not different . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P10646 and P08246	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Neuropeptide Y ( NPY ) is a vasoconstrictor present in the sympatho adrenomedullary system and may be co released with norepinephrine ( NE ) and epinephrine ( EPI ) during sympathetic activation . ^^^ The intermittent stress of footshock ( 0 . 75 and 1 . 5 mA , 0 . 5 sec duration , at 5 sec intervals , for 5 min ) evoked intensity dependent immediate increments in plasma NE and EPI , and a delayed NPY ir response ( +0 . 6 + / 0 . 1 pmol / ml ) . ^^^ Prolonged ( 60 min ) immobilization caused greater increases in plasma NE and EPI levels and no changes in plasma NPY ir until the end of the stress session ( +0 . 3 + / 0 . 1 pmol / ml ) . ^^^ Plasma NPY ir responses correlated with those of NE but not with EPI suggesting a sympathetic origin for the release of the peptide . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P10646 and P08246	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Epinephrine ( EPI ) , norepinephrine ( NE ) , phenylephrine ( PE ) , methoxamine ( MT ) and 5 hydroxytryptamine ( 5 HT ) induced marked monophasic vasoconstrictions in a dose dependent manner . 5 HT induced a greater vasoconstriction in larger diameter vessels ( old animals ) than that in smaller ones ( young animals ) , suggesting age related responses . ^^^ The order of potencies for inducing vasoconstrictions was EPI greater than or equal to 5 HT greater than or equal to NE greater than MT = PE much greater than KCl greater than CLO = XYL = TYR . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P10646 and P08246	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Two experiments examined the contribution of the two catecholamines epinephrine ( EPI ) and norepinephrine ( NE ) to the control of food intake and body weight gain in male rats during chronic exercise . ^^^ Urinary excretion of both catecholamines rose significantly and was positively correlated to food intake inhibition ( NE , n = 54 , r = 0 . 394 , p less than 0 . 01 ; EPI , n = 54 , r = 0 . 428 , p less than 0 . 01 ) . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P10646 and P08246	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Drugs used were 5 hydroxytryptamine ( 5 HT ) , epinephrine ( EPI ) , norepinephrine ( NE ) , phenylephrine ( PHE ) , prostaglandin F 2 alpha ( PGF 2 alpha ) , ATP , dopamine ( DA ) , tyramine ( TYR ) , KCl , xylazine ( XYL ) and clonidine ( CLO ) . ^^^ Results were as follows : 1 ) The rank order of potency for inducing a vasoconstriction in external ophthalmic arteries ( EOA ) was 5 HT greater than or equal to EPI greater than NE greater than PHE much greater than ATP greater than or equal to DA greater than KCl much much greater than TYR , XYL , CLO . ^^^ Since PGF 2 alpha induced only a slight vasoconstriction , it was omitted from the order . 2 ) In internal ophthalmic arteries ( IOA ) , the responses were similar to those in EOA , although EPI , NE and PHE induced a relatively smaller response . ^^^ The order was 5 HT greater than EPI = NE greater than PHE much greater than DA = ATP greater than KCl much much greater than TYR , XYL , CLO . 3 ) In ciliary arteries , the order was EPI greater than NE greater than PHE greater than PGF 2 alpha greater than DA greater than ATP greater than KCl much much greater than TYR , XYL , CLO . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P10646 and P08246	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
A dose of 250 micrograms / kg 4 DMPP caused an increase in plasma norepinephrine ( NE ) concentration from 207 + / 86 ( basal ) to 2 , 625 + / 448 pg / ml ( P less than 0 . 02 ) and in plasma epinephrine ( EPI ) from 10 + / 5 . 0 to 1 , 410 + / 432 pg / ml ( P less than 0 . 05 ) in four swine . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P10646 and P08246	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Pituitary tissue from castrated ram lambs was incubated in the presence of epinephrine ( EPI ) , norepinephrine ( NE ) , or dopamine ( DA ) . ^^^ During a 2 h treatment period , neither DA ( 10 ( 8 ) M ) , NE ( 10 ( 7 ) M ) , nor EPI ( 10 ( 7 ) 10 ( 9 ) M ) significantly affected basal LH secretion . ^^^ In contrast , the LH response to a subsequent 10 ( 10 ) M GnRH challenge was significantly potentiated by NE and EPI . ^^^ Neither NE , EPI , nor isoproterenol had any effect on PRL secretion . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P10646 and P08246	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
The present study determined the levels and turnover of norepinephrine ( NE ) , epinephrine ( EPI ) and dopamine ( DA ) in discrete brain areas of rats after 48 hr food deprivation . ^^^ The steady state levels of NE , EPI and DA in saline treated food deprived rats , relative to satiated rats , remained basically unchanged . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P10646 and P08246	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Preliminary data are presented on levels of plasma cortisol , dopamine ( DA ) , epinephrine ( EPI ) , and norepinephrine ( NE ) before and after dexamethasone in 22 depressed patients ( of whom 4 were psychotic ) . ^^^ After dexamethasone , plasma NE correlated negatively with DA , EPI , and cortisol . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P10646 and P08246	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
In dogs anesthetized with halothane , intravenous administration of the neuroglucopenic agent , 2 deoxy D glucose ( 2 DG ; 100 mg / kg ) , produced increases of both systemic plasma epinephrine ( EPI ; delta = 269 + / 86 pg / ml , P less than 0 . 025 ) and norepinephrine ( NE ; delta = 157 + / 55 pg / ml , P less than 0 . 025 ) equivalent to those previously observed in conscious dogs . ^^^ In contrast , 2 DG at this dose did not increase plasma EPI or NE levels in dogs anesthetized with pentobarbital sodium ( 30 mg / kg ) . ^^^ Although 2 DG at a threefold higher dose ( 300 mg / kg ) caused plasma EPI , NE , and glucose ( delta = 12 + / 3 mg / dl , P less than 0 . 001 ) to increase in pentobarbital anesthetized dogs , the responses to this higher dose of 2 DG were all significantly larger in halothane anesthetized dogs ( delta of plasma glucose = 30 + / 8 mg / dl , P less than 0 . 005 ; P less than 0 . 0025 vs . pentobarbital ) . ( ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS ) . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P10646 and P08246	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
To understand the catecholamine kinetics in the heart during hypotension , we simultaneously measured cardiac sympathetic nerve activity ( CSNA ) , concentrations of norepinephrine ( NE ) and epinephrine ( Epi ) in arterial and coronary sinus blood , and coronary sinus plasma flow in 11 cats . ^^^ With hypotension , NE and Epi concentrations in arterial blood increased more than those in coronary sinus blood . ^^^ The arteriovenous difference between NE and Epi concentrations increased , whereas coronary sinus plasma flow decreased . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P10646 and P08246	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
The present experiment examined changes after a training footshock in NE levels , as well as the levels of the major central NE metabolite , 3 methoxy 4 hydroxyphenylglycol ( MHPG ) , dopamine ( DA ) , and epinephrine ( EPI ) in eight brain regions . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P10646 and P08246	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
The extreme elevation in plasma levels of free norepinephrine ( NE ) and free epinephrine ( EP ) , which occurs during forced diving of ducks ( Anas platyrhynchos ) , was studied before and after denervation of the adrenal glands . ^^^ In intact animals both NE and EP concentration increased by up to two orders of magnitude in a 4 min dive but by a significantly lesser amount if the duck breathed O 2 before the dive . ^^^ Denervating the adrenal glands reduced the amounts of both catecholamines ( CA ) released during dives , plasma EP decreased to 10 % , and NE to 50 % of values obtained before denervation . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P10646 and P08246	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Cardiac output , blood pressure , plasma renin activity ( PRA ) , norepinephrine ( NE ) and epinephrine ( EP ) were measured before and 5 minutes after the 45 degree tilting . ^^^ NE and EP increased significantly in non DM but not in DM . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P10646 and P08246	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Cysteamine ( beta mercaptoethylamine , MEA ) is a naturally occurring sulfhydryl compound that depletes pituitary PRL , causes a reduction in brain and gut somatostatin ( SRIF ) , and suppresses norepinephrine ( NE ) and epinephrine ( EPI ) synthesis by inhibition of dopamine beta hydroxylase ( DBH ) . ^^^ SRIF inhibits GH and TSH secretion , whereas , NE and EPI facilitate their release . ^^^ The objectives of this investigation were to : ( 1 ) determine the dose response and time course of DBH inhibition by MEA in vivo and in vitro , and correlate these findings with MEA tissue levels and ( 2 ) assess the function of SRIF and NE / EPI in regulation of episodic GH and TSH secretion using MEA . ^^^ Animals were administered MEA ( 75 300 mg / kg , s . c . ) and hypothalamic levels of dopamine ( DA ) , NE , EPI , serotonin ( 5 HT ) and MEA were measured by high performance liquid chromatography ( HPLC ) and electrochemical detection . ^^^ MEA caused a dose related decrease in NE / EPI nd in increase in DA at doses greater than or equal to 150 mg / kg . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P10646 and P08246	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
In another set of animals , the effects of i . v . administration of norepinephrine ( NE ) , epinephrine ( EPI ) and phenylephrine ( PE ) , before and after pretreatment with propranolol / indomethacin were observed . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P10646 and P08246	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
In the CNS , dopamine ( DA ) is a recognized neurotransmitter as well as a precursor for norepinephrine ( NE ) and epinephrine ( EPI ) . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P10646 and P08246	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Administration of the tyrosine hydroxylase inhibitor alpha methyl p tyrosine ( alpha MPT ) 2 h before [ 3H ] E 2 , to reduce levels of dopamine ( DA ) , norepinephrine ( NE ) , and epinephrine ( Ep ) , decreased total and specific [ 3H ] E 2 binding by 36 56 % in the nuclear fraction of the anterior pituitary , basal hypothalamus , and anterior hypothalamus . ^^^ The dopamine beta hydroxylase inhibitor diethyldithiocarbamate ( DDC ) , administered 2 h before [ 3H ] E 2 to reduce levels of only NE and Ep , increased the total and specific uptake of [ 3H ] E 2 by 62 140 % in nuclear and supernatant fractions of the anterior pituitary and also increased uptake in several brain areas . ^^^ Because alpha methyl p tyrosine and DDC both inhibit synthesis of NE and Ep , it is suggested that their opposite effects on uptake of [ 3H ] E 2 are related to their opposite effects on DA output . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P10646 and P08246	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
The catecholamines dopamine ( DA ) , epinephrine ( EPI ) , norepinephrine ( NE ) , as well as the indoleamine serotonin ( 5 HT ) were measured using radioenzymatic assays in samples of the frontal cortex of these same animals , as well as in the septum and hippocampus in order to assess the extent and specificity of the deafferentation . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P10646 and P08246	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
The retina contains three catecholamine neurotransmitters : dopamine ( DA ) ; norepinephrine ( NE ) ; and epinephrine ( EPI ) . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P10646 and P08246	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Chronic continuous infusion of norepinephrine ( NE ) or epinephrine ( Epi ) subcutaneously in rats resulted in rapid elevation of systolic blood pressure ( SBP ) by 40 mm Hg . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P10646 and P08246	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Agonist potency ( IPR greater than EPI greater than NE ) indicated that human erythrocytes had an adrenergic receptor of beta 2 subtype . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P10646 and P08246	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Plasma NE and EPI were elevated at the peak of the pressor period . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P10646 and P08246	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
ED 50 values and dissociation constants for norepinephrine ( NE ) , epinephrine ( EPI ) , isoproterenol ( ISO ) , methoxamine ( MET ) and clonidine ( CLO ) were determined by analysis of dose response data with and without partial inactivation of alpha receptors by phenoxybenzamine . ^^^ The order of affinity of these agonists for the alpha receptors of ear artery was CLO less than EPI = NE = MET much less than ISO , and that in aorta was EPI less than NE less than CLO less than MET less than ISO . ^^^ Alpha receptor reserves were larger in ear artery than aorta by factors of 182 , 17 , 7 , 3 . 8 and 2 for EPI , NE , ISO , MET and CLO , respectively . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P10646 and P08246	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
The catecholamine contents of the ampullary ( a ) and isthmic ( 1 ) regions of sow oviducts during proestrus ( P ) , estrus ( E ) and metestrus ( M ) proved to be quite different and differently affected by the variations of the sex cycle : NE , DA and epinephrine ( EPI ) in ( 1 ) higher than in ( a ) ; NE in ( 1 ) and ( a ) during M higher than during E ; NE in ( 1 ) lower during E than during P . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P10646 and P08246	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
The norepinephrine ( NE ) , epinephrine ( EPI ) , dopamine ( DA ) and serotonin ( 5 HT ) contents were measured radioenzymatically in seven anatomically defined regions ( frontal cerebral cortex , hippocampus , hypothalamus , midbrain , pons medulla oblongata , cerebellum and spinal cord ) in adult normal animals , after treatment with the tryptophan hydroxylase inhibitor p chlorophenylalanine ( p CPA ) , and after the intraventricular administration of either 6 hydroxydopamine ( 6 OHDA ) or 5 , 7 dihydroxytryptamine ( 5 , 7 DHT ) . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P10646 and P08246	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
The present experiments were designed to study the effect of the centrally active alpha adrenergic receptor agonist , clonidine , on episodic GH and PRL secretion in male rats after selective blockade of norepinephrine ( NE ) and epinephrine ( EP ) synthesis with the dopamine beta hydroxylase inhibitor , FLA 63 . ^^^ Results of the present study are summarized as follows : 1 ) selective blockade of NE and EP synthesis with FLA 63 ( 20 mg / kg ) caused complete suppression of episodic GH but had no significant effect on PRL release ; 2 ) clonidine ( 150 microgram / kg ) restored the pulsatile pattern of GH secretion in FLA 63 treated rats , and 3 ) clonidine ( 15 and 150 microgram / kg ) stimulated PRL release in a dose dependent manner . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P10646 and P08246	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Medullectomy ( MED ) of 24 day old female rats depressed both spontaneous diurnal changes in plasma epinephrine ( EPI ) , and the EPI and norepinephrine ( NE ) response to decapitation , without affecting corticosterone ( B ) levels . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P10646 and P08246	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Animals were treated before progesterone administration with saline , one of the EPI synthesis inhibitors [ SK & F 64139 ( 2 , 3 dichloro tetrahydroisoquinoline HCl ) or LY 78335 ( dichloro alpha methylbenzylamine ) ] , or the dopamine beta hydroxylase inhibitor FLA 63 ( bis 4 methyl 1 homopiperazinyl thiocarbonyl disulfide ) , which inhibits NE and EPI synthesis . ^^^ The depletion of both NE and EPI after synthesis inhibition was also enhanced during an earlier period , approximating the time of LHRH accumulation . ^^^ These results suggest that the ovarian hormones activate both NE and EPI systems to stimulate the early afternoon rise of LHRH in the median eminence and to induce the subsequent LH surge . . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P10646 and P08246	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Decline of plasma dopamine ( DA ) , norepinephrine ( NE ) , and epinephrine ( EP ) levels after 4 administration of a 100 microgram bolus of LRF has been reported in normal men . ^^^ In the present study ( including 5 postmenopausal women and 4 normal men ) , no detectable changes were found in plasma levels of DA , NE , EP and the DA metabolite , 3 , 4 dihydroxyphenylacetic acid ( DOPAC ) following LRF ( 100 microgram 4 ) administration . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P10646 and P08246	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
POM injections ( 1 microliter , 0 . 8 80 nM ) elicited dose dependent pressor and tachycardic responses which were accompanied by increased levels of norepinephrine ( NE ) and epinephrine ( EPI ) in the plasma . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P10646 and P08246	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Mean arterial pressure ( MAP ) , heart rate ( HR ) , plasma norepinephrine ( NE ) , epinephrine ( EPI ) , dopamine ( DA ) , thyroid hormone ( triiodothyronine [ T 3 ] , thyroxine ) , and thyrotropin ( TSH ) levels were measured before and after the intravenous injection of protirelin . ^^^ There were no notable changes in HR or plasma NE , EPI , or DA levels . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P10646 and P08246	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Arterial blood samples for measurement of plasma EPI and norepinephrine ( NE ) concentrations were collected , and heart rate ( HR ) and mean arterial blood pressure ( MAP ) were measured before and 1 , 2 , 4 , 8 , 16 , and 30 min after intratracheal drug administration . ^^^ Plasma NE levels did not change after intratracheal EPI administration . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P10646 and P08246	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Absorption of propylene glycol monomethyl ether ( PGME ) , PGME acetate ( PGMEAc ) , ethyl acrylate ( EA ) , epichlorohydrin ( EPI ) , styrene ( STY ) , nitroethane ( NE ) , ethylene dibromide ( EDB ) , and methylene chloride ( MeCl 2 ) vapors by the isolated URT was compared to that by the isolated lower respiratory tract ( LRT ) and the intact animal . ^^^ Nearly all PGME and PGMEAc and 30 70 % of EA , EPI , STY , NE , and EDB were absorbed when passed through the URT . ^^^ It was estimated that intact animals received more than 90 % of their total dose of PGME and PGMEAc , and 50 % of EA , NE , EPI , and EDB via the URT . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P10646 and P08246	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
In the periphery , dopamine ( DA ) is a precursor for norepinephrine ( NE ) and epinephrine ( EPI ) biosynthesis and is itself a neurotransmitter in sympathetic ganglia . ^^^ Compared with Sham , ADM and DMN decreased NE and EPI levels by 92 99 % but DA levels by only 57 58 % . ^^^ These findings indicate that the adrenal cortex contains approximately 40 % of the total gland content of DA and less than 8 % of the total gland content of NE and EPI . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P10646 and P08246	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
To examine the effects of aging on the responsiveness of the sympathetic adrenal medullary system , 1 have measured plasma levels of norepinephrine ( NE ) and epinephrine ( EPI ) in adult ( 6 months old ) and aged ( 24 months old ) Fischer 344 male rats . ^^^ Administration of 2 DG was attended by significant and sustained increases in plasma NE and EPI in rats of both ages . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P10646 and P08246	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Renal function parameters , hematocrit , circulating catecholamines ( EPI and NE ) , serum enzymes ( CPK and SGOT ) , and urinary PGE 2 were measured before and during intravenous infusion of EPI ( 4 micrograms / kg / min for 6 hr ) in intact and chronically splenectomized animals . ^^^ From these observations we conclude the following : ( 1 ) high circulating NE and / or low renal ( urinary ) PGE 2 activity are important in the pathogenesis of EPI induced ARF , ( 2 ) the spleen may release some factor ( s ) that modulate plasma NE level and / or renal PGE 2 activity during EPI infusion , ( 3 ) EPI induced ARF may occur independently of myocardial necrosis , and ( 4 ) hematocrit has no major role in EPI induced ARF . . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P10646 and P08246	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
In 10 healthy men , the maximum plasma norepinephrine ( NE ) and epinephrine ( EPI ) responses to symptom limited supine bicycle exercise were considerably greater than the responses to isometric handgrip exercise or to a cold pressor test . ^^^ The plasma NE and EPI responses to symptom limited upright treadmill exercise in another group of 10 men were greater than the responses to supine bicycle exercise . ^^^ During bicycle exercise and during handgrip exercise there were significant correlations between plasma NE and EPI levels and changes of heart rate , blood pressure , and cardiac output . ^^^ In addition , when data from all three stresses were combined and effects of heart rate and subject differences were controlled for , plasma NE and EPI levels were significantly correlated with ejection fraction . ^^^ These findings suggest that release of EPI and NE during stress states may contribute to some of the hemodynamic responses that occur during stress . . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P10646 and P08246	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Influence of circulating NE and Epi on adipose tissue vascular resistance and lipolysis in humans . ^^^ The effects of circulating norepinephrine ( NE ) and epinephrine ( Epi ) on vascular resistance in subcutaneous adipose tissue and the calf as well as on plasma glycerol , an indicator of lipolysis , were studied in healthy volunteers . ^^^ Furthermore , Epi is a considerably more potent lipolytic hormone than NE in humans but not in the dog . ^^^ Our results indicate that both NE and Epi may influence human adipose tissue blood flow and lipolysis as circulating hormones . . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P10646 and P08246	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
To clarify this situation we studied the plasma norepinephrine ( NE ) and epinephrine ( Epi ) responses to hemorrhagic hypotension in ten healthy male baboons ( Papio anubis ) . ^^^ Plasma NE and Epi concentrations were measured by a radioenzymatic technique . ^^^ Plasma NE and Epi levels increased ( p less than 0 . 025 ) within 5 minutes of the onset of ' hemorrhage ' and within 15 minutes plasma NE concentrations were 56 % above baseline , whereas plasma Epi levels were six times greater than baseline . ^^^ With retransfusion , plasma NE and Epi levels returned to baseline concentrations . ^^^ We conclude : 1 ) in a primate species , the sympathetic nervous system responds rapidly to hemorrhage ; 2 ) contrary to prior studies in rats , plasma NE increases as rapidly as Epi but not to the same degree ; 3 ) plasma NE and Epi concentrations rapidly return to baseline levels with fluid resuscitation ; and 4 ) there is little justification for the use of exogenous synthetic catecholamines in hemorrhagic hypotension where fluid resuscitation remains the treatment of choice . . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P10646 and P08246	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Plasma norepinephrine ( NE ) , epinephrine ( EPI ) , and dopamine ( DA ) were measured radioenzymatically . ^^^ Consistent arterio venous differences across the forearm were seen for EPI but not NE , consistent with local production of NE . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P10646 and P08246	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Serum concns of the 3 forms of conjugated CA , before HD , in uremic patients were markedly elevated ( 35 , 800 , 9644 and 1374 pg ml 1 for DA , NE and EPI , respectively ) , compared to those in normal individuals ( 1885 , 1374 and 65 pg ml 1 ) . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P10646 and P08246	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Supine plasma norepinephrine ( NE ) and epinephrine ( EPI ) levels , mean arterial blood pressure ( MAP ) , and heart rate were measured at rest , after standing , and during graded , supine maximal bicycle exercise . ^^^ After TCAs , NE was increased by 51 + / 6 % of basal values and heart rate rose , but EPI and MAP were unchanged . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P10646 and P08246	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Dopamine ( DA ) , norepinephrine ( NE ) , and epinephrine ( EPI ) are present in rat retina . ^^^ DA is the major catecholamine , whereas NE and EPI represent approximately 5 % of the DA content . ^^^ We investigated the origin and properties of NE and EPI in retina . ^^^ Following superior cervical ganglionectomy , there was a decrease in NE content , but no decrease in EPI or phenylethanolamine N methyltransferase ( PNMT ) activity . ^^^ We conclude that most of the NE is contained within the sympathetic neurons that innervate the eye from the superior cervical ganglion , whereas EPI is contained in retinal elements that are responsive to photic stimulation . . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P10646 and P08246	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Simultaneous pulmonary and radial artery samples were analyzed for plasma NE and epinephrine ( EPI ) content before and after various vasodilator agents . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P10646 and P08246	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Before and 30 , 60 and 120 minutes after the third injection of choline chloride or saline , blood samples were collected from a chronic tail artery catheter and later analyzed for levels of norepinephrine ( NE ) and epinephrine ( EPI ) . ^^^ When insulin ( 10 IU / kg , SC ) was administered to stimulate the sympathetic adrenal medullary system reflexly , plasma levels of NE and EPI increased significantly above basal values but were similar for choline and saline injected rats . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P10646 and P08246	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
To study this problem , we measured heart rate ( HR ) , mean arterial blood pressure ( MAP ) , and plasma levels of norepinephrine ( NE ) and epinephrine ( Epi ) in subhuman primates ( baboons ) during progressive hypothermia from 37 degrees to 29 degrees C and then during rewarming to 37 degrees C . ^^^ Plasma concentrations of NE and Epi increased significantly ( p less than 0 . 01 ) as core temperature fell from 37 degrees to 31 degrees C , but as core temperature dropped from 31 degrees to 29 degrees C , plasma NE and Epi levels decreased towards prehypothermic concentrations . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P10646 and P08246	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
The effect of oral tyrosine or tryptophan ingestion on plasma concentrations of norepinephrine ( NE ) , dopamine ( DA ) , epinephrine ( EPI ) , and 3 , 4 dihydroxyphenylacetic acid ( DOPAC ) was investigated in a double blind , placebo controlled study in fasted men . ^^^ Tyrosine ingestion induced within 45 min a significant but short lasting ( approximately 30 min ) increase in plasma concentrations of NE , EPI , and DA and a coincident decrease in plasma DOPAC levels . ^^^ Ingestion of tryptophan or lactose placebo did not after plasma DA , EPI , NE , or DOPAC levels . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P10646 and P08246	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
The proportion of NE and EPI ranged between 60 80 % and 20 40 % respectively , of total tumor CA . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P10646 and P08246	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Plasma norepinephrine ( NE ) , epinephrine ( EPI ) , dopamine ( DPM ) , dopamine beta hydroxylase ( DBH ) , and renin were measured in patients undergoing maintenance hemodialysis . ^^^ The predialysis NE , EPI , and DPM concentrations were lower than normal at 29 , 7 . 3 and 4 . 8 pg / ml , respectively . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P10646 and P08246	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
To determine the relationship between insulin secretion during anesthesia and surgical stress and plasma levels of norepinephrine ( NE ) and epinephrine ( Epi ) , studies were performed in 16 patients before and during elective minor surgical procedures . ^^^ This inhibition of AIR appeared unrelated to increased adrenergic activity , since during anesthesia alone , plasma NE did not change significantly and plasma Epi fell from 94 + / 11 to 34 + / 10 pg / ml ( P < 0 . 01 ) . ^^^ At this time , both plasma NE and Epi were increased compared to preanesthesia levels [ NE : 240 + / 40 ( preanesthesia ) vs . 340 + / 43 ( postoperative ) ; Epi : 219 + / 43 ( preanesthesia ) vs . 94 + / 11 ( postoperative ) ; both P < 0 . 05 ] . ^^^ In eight patients undergoing similar operations during low spinal anesthesia , no inhibition of the AIR to glucose occurred , and plasma NE and Epi did not increase significantly during or after the operation . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P10646 and P08246	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Stimulation of the entire spinal cord ( 50v , 0 . 3 3 Hz , 1 . 0 msec ) of the pithed rat increased blood pressure , heart rate and plasma epinephrine ( EPI ) and norepinephrine ( NE ) concentration ( radioenzymatic thin layer chromatographic assay ) . ^^^ Infusion of PGE 2 ( 10 30 microgram / kg . min , i . v . ) suppressed blood pressure and heart rate responses to spinal cord stimulation while plasma EPI ( but not NE ) was augmented over levels found in control animals . ^^^ PGI 2 ( 0 . 03 3 . 0 microgram / kg . min , i . v . ) suppressed the blood pressure response to spinal cord stimulation without any effect on heart rate or the plasma catecholamine levels , PGE 2 and PGF 2 alpha ( 10 30 microgram / kg . min , i . v . ) did not change the blood pressure , heart rate or plasma EPI and Ne responses to the spinal cord stimulation although PGF 2 alpha disclosed an overall vasopressor effect during the pre stimulation period . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P10646 and P08246	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
To determine if sympathetic nervous system activity is heightened during psychological stress in older adults , plasma norepinephrine ( NE ) , epinephrine ( EPI ) , heart rate , and blood pressure were measured in 10 healthy old ( mean age , 68 . 5 yr ) men and 10 healthy young ( mean age , 26 . 6 yr ) men during a 12 min mental stress test . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P10646 and P08246	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Two days after surgery , plasma levels of norepinephrine ( NE ) and epinephrine ( EPI ) were similar in NZH and NZN rats while resting and undisturbed in their home cages . ^^^ Increments in plasma levels of NE and EPI and in mean arterial blood pressure and heart rate were similar in NZH and NZN rats following transfer to a shock box and immediately and 10 minutes after exposure to 1 minute of intermittent footshock . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P10646 and P08246	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
In control dogs , plasma epinephrine ( Epi ) and plasma norepinephrine ( NE ) both increased progressively with time following a midline laparotomy ( delta Epi by 50 min , +133 + / 42 pg / ml , P less than 0 . 01 and delta NE by 50 min , +108 + / 38 pg / ml , P less than 0 . 01 , mean + / SE , n = 12 ) . 2 Deoxy D glucose produced a similar increase of both plasma NE and Epi . ^^^ In marked contrast , neither morphine nor naloxone affected the plasma NE and Epi increases following the administration of 2DG . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P10646 and P08246	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Cardiac uptake and secretion of epinephrine ( Epi ) and norepinephrine ( NE ) were studied at rest and during the response to systemic vasodilation with dipyridamole in conscious dogs . ^^^ Chronically implanted catheters in the left atrium and anterior great coronary vein allowed simultaneous measurement of arterial and venous levels of NE and Epi across the segment of myocardium perfused by the left anterior descending coronary artery . ^^^ Thus , there was net cardiac uptake of NE as well as Epi when systemic plasma catecholamine levels increased in response to vasodilation . ^^^ Fractional extraction of NE ( 5 15 % ) was significantly lower than that of Epi , most likely due to cardiac secretion of NE . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P10646 and P08246	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Norepinephrine ( NE ) and epinephrine ( EPI ) levels were determined by radioenzymatic assay . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P10646 and P08246	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
By paired ion reverse phase high pressure liquid chromatography , tissue epinephrine ( EPI ) , norepinephrine ( NE ) , dopamine ( DA ) and TIQCA were resolved . ^^^ DNLCA elicited a significant decrease ( 60 % ) in endogenous DA , NE and EPI at 40 hr , whereas only DA was depressed at 30 hr . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P10646 and P08246	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
In order to quantitate the effect of spinal anesthesia on adrenergic tone , plasma levels of norepinephrine ( NE ) and epinephrine ( EPI ) were measured by radioenzymatic assay in 24 patients were then compared to those of 10 patients receiving inhalation anesthesia ( halothane nitrous oxide ) . ^^^ High thoracic dermatome spinal anesthesia caused suppression of both arterial plasma NE and EPI and a fall of mean arterial pressure ( MAP ) ; in contrast , no changes of NE , EPI , or MAP were observed in patients receiving low spinal anesthesia . ^^^ Overall , there was a relationship between the sensory dermatome anesthesia level and changes of both plasma NE ( r = 0 . 71 , P less than 0 . 001 ) and EPI ( r = 0 . 52 , P less than 0 . 02 ) . ^^^ In the inhalation anesthesia group , plasma NE increased during the operation and plasma levels of NE , EPI , growth hormone , and cortisol were elevated during the postoperative recovery period . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P10646 and P08246	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Blood pressure and circulating levels of norepinephrine ( NE ) , epinephrine ( Epi ) , and dopamine beta hydroxylase ( DBH ) were measured sequentially in sinoaortic denervated ( SAD ) Wistar rats and in sham operated ( SO ) rats . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P10646 and P08246	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
A tendency for an increase in adrenal venous blood epinephrine ( EPI ) and norepinephrine ( NE ) concentrations was seen . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P10646 and P08246	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Spontaneously hypertensive rats ( SHR ) were administered either 2 . 4 g / kg ethanol or an isocaloric glucose daily for 4 weeks and the levels of norepinephrine ( NE ) , epinephrine ( EP ) , dopamine ( DA ) , serotonin ( 5 HT ) and 5 hydroxyindoleacetic acid ( 5 HIAA ) in different brain regions were determined . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P10646 and P08246	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Plasma norepinephrine ( NE ) and epinephrine ( EPI ) levels were markedly increased at the time of maximal hypotension ( 2 min after injection of alkylacetyl GPC ) ; plasma EPI ( but not NE ) was higher in the SHR than in WKY animals . ^^^ In pithed SHR rats , alkylacetyl GPC caused only short lasting hypotension without any effect on heart rate or circulating levels of NE or EPI . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P10646 and P08246	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
The increased circulating epinephrine ( EPI ) and norepinephrine ( NE ) levels observed in the initial phase of acute stress as well as the elevated baseline EPI level after six times repeated IMO are indicative of an enhanced response of the sympathetic adrenomedullary system after lesions of the septum . ^^^ After decapitation of rats with septal lesions there was a significant increase in plasma NE one day after the sixth IMO and a block of EPI increase after the seventh IMO compared to sham operated rats . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P10646 and P08246	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Blood samples for the assessment of plasma renin activity ( PRA ) , aldosterone , norepinephrine ( NE ) , and epinephrine ( Epi ) were also obtained . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P10646 and P08246	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Microdialysate NE and its main metabolites , 3 , 4 dihydroxyphenylglycol and 3 methoxy 4 hydroxyphenylglycol , and plasma epinephrine ( Epi ) and NE were determined by high performance liquid chromatography with electrochemical detection . ^^^ A positive correlation was found between the central noradrenergic activation and peripheral Epi secretion but not peripheral NE . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P10646 and P08246	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Aged rats had greater elevations in plasma levels of norepinephrine ( NE ) and epinephrine ( EPI ) following exposure to restraint stress compared to young adult controls . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P10646 and P08246	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
In rabbits fed a diet containing 1 % cholesterol and 4 % lard for 4 or 8 weeks , vascular responses to alpha 1 adrenoceptor agonists , epinephrine ( EPI ) , phenylephrine ( PE ) , norepinephrine ( NE ) , methoxamine ( MO ) , and clonidine ( CL ) were examined in isolated common carotid arteries by the cannula insertion method . ^^^ Vasoconstrictions to EPI were augmented and those to NE , MO , and CL were progressively decreased , but that to PE was not influenced in 4 and 8 week treated groups . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P10646 and P08246	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Preliminary study showed a lack of difference in results obtained in these patients from those in 9 healthy volunteers and confirmed that RBC accumulate dopamine ( DA ) and epinephrine ( EPI ) but not norepinephrine ( NE ) . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P10646 and P08246	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Output of epinephrine ( EPI ) and norepinephrine ( NE ) was determined from adrenal venous blood by high performance liquid chromatography ( HPLC ) with electrochemical detection . ^^^ Infusion of the PKC activator phorbol 12 , 13 dibutyrate ( PDB 0 . 1 micrograms / min ) increased EPI and NE output during basal state and enhanced increases in catecholamine output induced by splanchnic nerve stimulation ( SNS 1 and 3 Hz ) . ^^^ Infusion of SSP ( 0 . 1 , 0 . 3 , and 1 micrograms / min ) caused a dose dependent inhibition of the SNS induced increases in EPI and NE output . ^^^ SSP , PMB , and NM did not affect basal output of EPI and NE . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P10646 and P08246	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
There were no significant differences between the perindopril and placebo effort tests with respect to metabolic indexes studied ( serum K+ , plasma glucose , plasma free fatty acids ) or plasma hormonal concentrations measured ( ACTH and cortisol , norepinephrine ( NE ) and epinephrine ( EPI ) , glucagon and insulin , growth hormone and prolactin , renin activity ) . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P10646 and P08246	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
The exercise raised both the plasma BNP and ANP , with concomitant increases in systolic blood pressure ( SBP ) , heart rate ( HR ) and plasma norepinephrine ( NE ) or epinephrine ( Epi ) in each group . ^^^ In the controls the change in ANP correlated with those in SBP , HR and NE ( p < 0 . 05 ) , and similarly the change in BNP with those in SBP , HR , NE and Epi ( p < 0 . 05 ) . ^^^ In multivariate regression analysis only NE was found to be a significant stimulus for ANP secretion , whereas SBP or Epi was related to BNP release . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P10646 and P08246	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
During the placebo phase , the efficiency of the stress test was confirmed by a significant increase in SBP ( 25 + / 11 % ) , HR ( 36 + / 23 % ) , and plasma concentrations of epinephrine ( Epi , 54 + / 37 % ) and norepinephrine ( NE , 27 + / 35 % ) . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P10646 and P08246	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Hormones dissolved in Ringer saline were arterially infused at a rate of 1 microgram . kg 1 . min 1 for epinephrine ( Epi ) , 2 micrograms . kg 1 . min 1 for norepinephrine ( NE ) , and 1 . 33 micrograms . kg 1 . min 1 for insulin . ^^^ Both Epi and NE induced a marked hyperglycemia although Epi was more potent ( +8 . 2 + / 0 . 9 and +6 . 9 + / 0 . 8 mM , respectively ) . ^^^ Plasma insulin titers did not significantly change during infusion of NE or Epi . ^^^ It is concluded that the ratio of NE to Epi is the major factor that determines the effect of catecholamines on plasma FFA levels in carp . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P10646 and P08246	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Administration of 289306 to rats prior to an i . c . v . injection of 6 hydroxydopamine prevented the depletion of hypothalamic NE and Epi with ED 50 values of 0 . 28 and 0 . 47 mg / kg , respectively . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P10646 and P08246	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
DOCA salt hypertensive rats had higher basal norepinephrine levels ( NE ) , as well as increased NE and epinephrine ( EPI ) responses to a 15 mL / kg hemorrhage as compared to control normotensive rats . ^^^ In normotensive animals , yohimbine ( 0 . 5 mg / kg , intravenous [ 4 ] ) doubled plasma NE , EPI , and NPY levels in basal conditions and in response to the hemorrhage . ^^^ In contrast , the same treatment had smaller or no effect on basal NE levels and on the hemorrhage induced responses in DOCA salt hypertensive rats , although basal EPI levels were increased in this group . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P10646 and P08246	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
After 17 days of TF norepinephrine ( NE ) and epinephrine ( EPI ) urinary levels showed a two fold and nine fold increase respectively , but they became undetectable at the end of TF . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P10646 and P08246	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
After incubation with 10 microM phenoxybenzamine for 1 h , concentration effect curves were determined to norepinephrine ( NE ) and epinephrine ( EPI ) , with or without 300 nM CGP 20712A ( a beta 1 selective antagonist ) , 50 nM ICI 118551 ( a beta 2 selective antagonist ) , or both antagonists . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P10646 and P08246	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Norepinephrine ( NE ) and epinephrine ( EPI ) were measured by HPLC . ^^^ After FES CE training , resting NE decreased 37 % ( 950 + / 150 vs 1510 + / 350 pmol . l 1 pretraining ) ; resting EPI decreased 80 % ( 54 + / 10 vs 163 + / 32 pmol . l 1 pretraining ) ( P < 0 . 05 by paired t tests ) . ^^^ Acute FES CE exercise elicited a 55 844 % increase in NE , and a 35 350 % increase in EPI above resting values with power outputs eliciting heart rates of 90 146 bpm . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P10646 and P08246	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
In addition , administration of progesterone increased the turnover rates of norepinephrine ( NE ) and epinephrine ( EPI ) in the arcuate median eminence region of normal females . ( ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS ) . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P10646 and P08246	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Plasma levels of the catecholamines NE , DHPG , MHPG , DOPAC , dihydroxyphenylalanine ( DOPA ) , epinephrine ( EPI ) , dopamine ( DA ) , and HVA were also determined in young and old rats during IMMO . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P10646 and P08246	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
We investigated these issues by measuring 24 h urinary epinephrine ( EPI ) , norepinephrine ( NE ) , metanephrines ( METS ) , and vanilmandelic acid ( VMA ) levels in three groups of patients : PD patients on standard treatment with L / C , PD patients not on L / C drug treatment , and control non PD patients . ^^^ However , trends in the present results together with previously published data suggest that parkinsonian drug treatment may lower urinary EPI excretion and increase NE excretion . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P10646 and P08246	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Epinephrine ( Epi ) and norepinephrine ( NE ) inhibited ACh release in a concentration dependent manner . ^^^ After alpha 2 blockade with idazoxan ( 10 ( 5 ) to 10 ( 4 ) M ) , Epi but not NE augmented ACh release . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P10646 and P08246	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Norepinephrine ( NE ) and epinephrine ( EPI ) were equally potent in increasing cAMP accumulation , consistent with a primarily beta 1 response , although both beta 1 and beta 2 components of the response could be isolated using selective agonists ( NE and zinterol ) , and antagonists ( CGP 20712A and ICI 118 , 551 ) . ^^^ Surprisingly , after DEX treatment , NE and EPI were still equally potent in activating cAMP accumulation , although responses to the beta 2 selective agonist , zinterol , were increased . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P10646 and P08246	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Anesthetized rabbits were simultaneously infused with [ 3H ] norepinephrine ( NE ) , [ 3H ] epinephrine ( Epi ) , [ 3H ] dopamine ( DA ) , and [ 3H ] isoproterenol ( Iso ) , and their plasma clearances and fractional extractions across the systemic ( ERS ) , as well as pulmonary ( ERP ) , circulation were determined before and after blockade of uptake 1 by desipramine ( 2 mg / kg ) . ^^^ Desipramine reduced the clearance of NE , Epi , and DA by 39 , 13 , and 14 % , respectively , but did not affect Iso clearance . ^^^ By contrast , desipramine reduced ERP of NE and DA ( which for both amines was markedly lower than ERS ) by > 70 % ; its effect on the very low ERP of Epi was not determinable . ^^^ In the absence and presence of desipramine , catechol O methyltransferase inhibition had no effect on the clearance of NE , Epi , and DA and decreased Iso clearance by 25 % . ^^^ Moreover catechol O methyltransferase does not appear to contribute to the clearance of NE , Epi , and DA but plays a definite role in the removal of circulating Iso . . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P10646 and P08246	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
In vivo microdialysis results revealed remarkably elevated levels of epinephrine ( EPI ) and norepinephrine ( NE ) , but not dopamine , in dialysates from bovine chromaffin cell transplanted frontal cortex . ^^^ The most likely source of these enhanced EPI and NE levels is the grafted xenogeneic chromaffin cells . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P10646 and P08246	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
This relatively small increase in PNMT was reflected in the catecholamine levels in that the total epinephrine ( EPI ) was elevated by only 16 % while norepinephrine ( NE ) was elevated by 99 % , which caused a shift in the molar ratio of EPI to NE from 7 . 0 in the untreated control to 4 . 1 after forskolin treatment . ^^^ A large portion of the elevated catecholamines was found in the medium , which represented a 10 . 1 fold increase for NE and a 6 . 4 fold increase for EPI compared with the control . ^^^ Interestingly , this caused the remaining intracellular NE and EPI to be only 117 and 66 % of the control , respectively . ^^^ Thus , forskolin caused coordinate up regulation of gene expression and enzyme activities of the three catecholamine synthesizing enzymes but to different degrees , resulting in a relatively larger increase in NE than in EPI , both of which were released dramatically . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P10646 and P08246	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Plasma norepinephrine ( NE ) concentration ( [ NE ] ) gradient across the heart was measured under electrical stimulation of the left stellate ganglion ( LSG ; 4 Hz , 4 5 , 2 ms pulse width , 1 min ) in control ( Ctrl ) and in adrenalectomized ( Adrx ) dogs , without and with a 10 min epinephrine ( Epi ) infusion ( 92 ng . kg 1 . min 1 ) , which partly restored myocardial Epi stores in Adrx dogs ( 2 . 9 + / 0 . 7 ng / g vs . 6 . 4 + / 0 . 7 ng / g in Ctrl dogs ) and slightly increased tissue Epi stores in Ctrl dogs ( 10 . 5 + / 1 . 3 pg / g ) . ^^^ Compared with Ctrl dogs ( 1 , 069 + / 172 pg / ml ) , the [ NE ] gradient across the heart under stimulation of the LSG was not modified 1 wk after bilateral adrenalectomy ( 1 , 190 + / 122 pg / ml ) or after Epi infusion in Ctrl ( 1 , 134 + / 276 pg / ml ) and Adrx ( 1 , 259 + / 279 pg / ml ) dogs . ^^^ The beta 2 antagonist ICI 118 , 551 significantly reduced the stimulation induced [ NE ] gradient across the heart in Ctrl dogs ( 621 + / 190 and 603 + / 86 pg / ml without and with a 10 min Epi infusion , respectively ) but not in Adrx dogs deprived of tissue Epi ( 1 , 345 + / 345 pg / ml ) . ^^^ Partial repletion of myocardial Epi stores in Adrx dogs restored the effect of ICI 118 , 551 on the stimulation induced [ NE ] gradient ( 776 + / 121 pg / ml ) . ^^^ These results provide direct support of the hypothesis that tissue Epi , which originates from the adrenal medulla and which is released locally along with NE , is the endogenous agonist for presynaptic beta 2 receptors and potentiates NE release . . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P10646 and P08246	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Plasma growth hormone ( GH ) , cortisol , norepinephrine ( NE ) and epinephrine ( Epi ) were measured before and after the mabuterol administration . ^^^ Plasma GH , cortisol and Epi were not elevated by mabuterol , but plasma NE increased in each group , significantly in hyperadrenergic EH . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P10646 and P08246	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
METHOD : ADHD children with and without a comorbid overanxious ( ANX ) disorder were compared to each other and to normal controls in terms of 2 hour urinary excretion of norepinephrine ( NE ) , epinephrine ( EPI ) , and their metabolites . ^^^ Children with ADHD alone had lower NE / NMN and EPI / metanephrine ratios compared to controls . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P10646 and P08246	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Plasma NE levels were higher ( 1 . 65 + / 0 . 44 vs 1 . 12 + / 0 . 37 nM ; p = . 0001 ) and epinephrine ( EPI ) mediated adenylyl cyclase inhibition was lower in the older group ( 40 + / 2 vs 50 + / 2 % inhibition at 10 ( 4 ) M EPI ; p = . 04 ) . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P10646 and P08246	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Plasma levels and urinary excretion of 3 methoxy 4 hydroxy phenylglycol ( MHPG ) were measured , as were urinary excretion rates of norepinephrine ( NE ) , epinephrine ( EPI ) , and vanillylmandelic acid ( VMA ) . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P10646 and P08246	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Blood samples were collected at rest ; 5 , 10 , and 15 min ; and exhaustion for dopamine ( DA ) , norepinephrine ( NE ) , epinephrine ( Epi ) , adrenocorticotropic hormone ( ACTH ) , cortisol ( CORT ) , insulin ( INS ) , free fatty acid , blood glucose , and lactate ( La ) determinations . ^^^ In comparison with rest , exercise resulted in a decrease in INS and an increase in all the other variables investigated ( P < 0 . 001 ) , but DA , NE , Epi , ACTH , CORT , La , and free fatty acid were significantly less elevated under BZ ( P < 0 . 05 ) . ^^^ There was a strong correlation under both PLA and BZ conditions between DA , NE , Epi , and ACTH and also between Epi and La levels . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P10646 and P08246	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Ventilation and pulmonary gas exchange were monitored continuously , and blood was sampled from a venous catheter located in the back of the hand or forearm for determination of blood lactate ( [ La ] ) and plasma epinephrine ( [ Epi ] ) and norepinephrine ( [ NE ] ) concentrations . ^^^ Thresholds for lactate ( LT ) , epinephrine ( Epi T ) , and norepinephrine ( NE T ) were determined for each subject under each condition and defined as breakpoints when plotted as a function of O 2 uptake ( VO 2 ) . ^^^ For running , LT ( 3 . 76 + / 0 . 18 l / min ) was lower ( P < 0 . 05 ) than Epi T ( 4 . 35 + / 0 . 14 l / min ) and NE T ( 4 . 04 + / 0 . 19 l / min ) . ^^^ For rowing , LT ( 3 . 35 + / 0 . 16 l / min ) was lower ( P < 0 . 05 ) than Epi T ( 3 . 72 + / 0 . 22 l / min ) and NE T ( 3 . 70 + / 0 . 18 l / min ) and was lower ( P < 0 . 05 ) than LT for running . ^^^ Within each mode of exercise , Epi T and NE T did not differ . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P10646 and P08246	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
In addition , the blood levels of norepinephrine ( Ne ) , renin ( Re ) , epinephrine ( Ep ) , lactate and the mixed venous oxygen pressure ( pVO 2 ) were determined . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P10646 and P08246	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Aggressive interactions in Anolis carolinensis result in increased circulating levels of epinephrine ( Epi ) and norepinephrine ( NE ) and conspicuous color changes . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P10646 and P08246	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Basal [ Ca2+ ] 1 were approximately 78 nM in catfish hepatocytes ; this value was increased by 213 , 243 , 131 , and 238 nM in the presence of epinephrine ( Epi ; 10 ( 6 ) M ) , norepinephrine ( NE ; 10 ( 5 ) M ) , phenylephrine ( PE ; 10 ( 4 ) M ) , and isoproterenol ( Iso ; 10 ( 4 ) M ) , respectively . ^^^ The binding constants were 3 . 4 10 10 ( 8 ) , 2 . 6 10 10 ( 7 ) , 9 . 8 10 10 ( 7 ) , and 6 . 1 10 10 ( 5 ) M for Epi , NE , PE , and Iso , respectively , which is the same order of potency for these agonists reported for the alpha 1 adrenoceptor system of mammalian hepatocytes . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P10646 and P08246	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
The MAP changes in dialysis in the hypotension prone group correlated inversely with predialysis plasma NE , but not with EP and DA . ( ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS ) . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P10646 and P08246	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
In this study , norepinephrine ( NE ) and epinephrine ( EPI ) were found to be toxic to oligodendrocyte ( OL ) cultures derived from adult rat brain . ^^^ These results implicate H2O2 produced by metabolism of NE and EPI as the toxic intermediate . ^^^ When adult rat OLs were seeded onto a monolayer of neonatal rat astrocytes , the toxicity of NE , EPI and H2O2 to OLs was completely prevented ; medium conditioned by astrocytes did not prevent the manifestation of H2O2 toxicity on OLs . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P10646 and P08246	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
CONCLUSIONS Our conclusions are as follows : 1 ) symptoms of moderate hypoglycemia occur at plasma glucose levels averaging approximately 5 15 mg / dl lower than the plasma glucose concentrations required to trigger counterregulatory hormone release ; 2 ) after acute antecedent hypoglycemia , glucagon , EPI , and GH secretion occur at higher plasma glucose concentrations and NE is released at lower plasma glucose concentrations ; and 3 ) there may be CNS adaptation to prior hypoglycemia reflected in preservation of logical memory function at plasma glucose levels of approximately 50 mg / dl . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P10646 and P08246	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Following afternoon hypoglycemia , 1 ) the adrenomedullary epinephrine ( EPI ) response to hypoglycemia was reduced ( P = 0 . 0397 ) but that to standing , exercise , and a meal were unaltered ; 2 ) the sympathetic neural norepinephrine ( NE ) response to standing and to exercise was unaltered ; and 3 ) the partially parasympathetic neural mediated pancreatic polypeptide response to a meal was unaltered . ^^^ Prior exercise had no effect on the EPI , NE , or pancreatic polypeptide responses to hypoglycemia . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P10646 and P08246	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
METHODS : Serum total thyroxine ( TT 4 ) , total 3 , 3 , 5 ' triiodothyronine ( TT 3 ) , free thyroxine ( FT 4 ) , free 3 , 3 , 5 ' triiodothyronine ( FT 3 ) , reverse 3 , 3 ' , 5 ' triiodothyronine ( RT 3 ) and plasma cortisol ( CORT ) , norepinephrine ( NE ) , epinephrine ( EPI ) , dopamine , insulin ( INS ) , and glucagon ( GLUC ) concentrations were measured before and for 5 hours after the maintenance of brain death ( BD , n = 8 ) , sham brain death induction ( SHAM , n = 3 ) , and the operative procedure alone ( time control , n = 3 ) . ^^^ The mean 30 to 300 minute plasma NE and EPI levels in the SHAM group were statistically greater than the BD group . ^^^ The inability of the BD group to increase plasma CORT , NE , and EPI may contribute to the hemodynamic deterioration and eventual somatic death . . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P10646 and P08246	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Several modifications of an HPLC electrochemical assay method for plasma levels of norepinephrine ( NE ) , epinephrine ( EPI ) , dopamine ( DA ) , dihydroxyphenylglycol ( DHPG ) , dihydroxyphenylalanine ( DOPA ) and dihydroxyphenylacetic acid ( DOPAC ) that improve the accuracy and reliability of DHPG , DOPA , and DOPAC measurements are described . ^^^ In batch alumina extractions , increasing the amount of alumina decreased analytical recoveries of DHPG , DOPA , and especially DOPAC , and increasing the strength of the eluting acid increased recoveries of these catechols , without affecting recoveries of the amines NE , EPI and DA . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P10646 and P08246	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
The contribution of central vs . peripheral mechanisms in mediating increases in plasma norepinephrine ( NE ) and epinephrine ( Epi ) during endotoxicosis were studied . ^^^ These results suggest that central mechanisms are essential in plasma NE response to endotoxic challenge , whereas plasma Epi response involves both central and peripheral mechanisms , with the former being dominant . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P10646 and P08246	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Epinephrine ( EPI ) and norepinephrine ( NE ) levels were recorded before exercise , and after 2 min of exercise . ^^^ The DYN exercise protocol involved stationary cycling for consecutive 6 min periods at 60 % and 80 % VO2max . fc , Pa , EPI , and NE were recorded before exercise and at each workload . ^^^ Absolute exercise levels were significantly higher for EPI ST PM vs AM only , but the percentage change from baseline was significantly ( P < 0 . 01 ) higher in ST PM for EPI ( +231 % PM vs +32 % AM ) and NE ( +352 % PM vs +216 % AM ) . ( ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS ) . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P10646 and P08246	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Mean arterial blood pressure ( MAP ) , heart rate ( HR ) and arterial plasma levels of corticotropin ( ACTH ) , renin activity ( PRA ) and catechols [ norepinephrine ( NE ) , epinephrine ( EPI ) , and the intraneuronal NE metabolite dihydroxyphenylglycol ( DHPG ) ] at baseline and in response to the serotonin 1C / 2 ( 5 HT1C / 5 HT 2 ) agonist 1 ( 2 , 5 dimethoxy 4 iodophenyl ) 2 aminopropane ( DOI , 1 . 0 mg / kg i . a . ) in conscious , freely moving , juvenile ( 4 week old ) spontaneously hypertensive rats ( SHR ' s ) and age matched Wistar Kyoto ( WKY ) normotensive control rats were measured simultaneously . ^^^ Baseline levels of MAP , NE , DHPG , and EPI all were significantly higher in the SHR ' s . ^^^ DOI produced marked increases in levels of MAP , ACTH , EPI , and also PRA but did not affect NE or DHPG concentrations . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P10646 and P08246	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Arterial plasma epinephrine ( Epi ) , norepinephrine ( NE ) , adrenocorticotropic hormone ( ACTH ) , corticosterone , insulin , and glucagon levels were similar at rest in both groups , as were liver , gastrocnemius , and superficial and deep vastus medialis glycogen levels . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P10646 and P08246	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
The changes in blood volume ( BV ) , atrial natriuretic peptide ( ANP ) , plasma renin activity ( PRA ) , aldosterone ( Aldo ) , norepinephrine ( NE ) , epinephrine ( Epi ) , parathyroid hormone ( PTH ) , arginine vasopressin ( AVP ) and the cyclic nucleotides cAMP and cGMP were measured during a fluctuating BV cycle in 15 patients with end stage renal failure maintained on chronic hemodialysis ( HD ) . ^^^ A significant positive correlation between BV and the levels of ANP , PTH , Epi and cGMP and an inverse correlation between BV and PRA , Aldo , AVP and NE were demonstrated . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P10646 and P08246	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
CEC did not affect the 50 % effective concentration ( EC 50 ) of NE in either the prostatic ( PP ) or the epididymal ( EP ) portions of the RVD . 3 . 5 MU did not alter the EC 50 of NE in the PP but caused a significant and concentration dependent rightward shift of the CRC to NE in the EP . 4 . ^^^ Ryanodine caused a shift to the right of the CRC to NE in the PP associated to a decrease in maximal response , but did not affect the CRC to NE in the EP . 5 . ^^^ Incubation of the EP with NE for 6 hr elicited a significant decrease in the maximal response with no changes in the EC 50 . ^^^ These results suggest that in the RVD , NE interacts with two different alpha 1 adrenoceptors subtypes which are disposed in a selective manner along the RVD : the alpha 1 ( a ) subtype in the EP , and non alpha 1b non alpha 1a adrenoceptor subtype mainly located at the PP . . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P10646 and P08246	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
The induced increases of systemic arterial pressure ( SAP ) and plasma norepinephrine ( NE ) and epinephrine ( EPi ) were compared before and after destructing portion of cell bodies ( sparing passing fibers ) in the pressor sites of dorsal ( DM ) and rostral ventrolateral medulla ( VLM ) by microinjection of kainic acid . ^^^ Destruction on VLM or DM reduced the PAG induced pressor responses and increases in plasma NE and EPi . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P10646 and P08246	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
AMI did not affect plasma norepinephrine ( NE ) and epinephrine ( EPI ) concentrations in all groups . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P10646 and P08246	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
We have therefore determined plasma levels of adrenocorticotropic hormone ( ACTH ) , cortisol ( F ) , norepinephrine ( NE ) , and epinephrine ( Epi ) in four intact sheep treated with cortisol , dexamethasone ( DM ) , or saline ( S ) and subjected to both audiovisual ( barking dog ) and insulin induced hypoglycemic stress . ^^^ In control sheep , exposure to both stressors resulted in acute rises in ACTH , F , Epi , and NE , with the rises after insulin being greater than those after dog stress . ^^^ Both DM and F markedly attenuated the Epi response to hypoglycemia , whereas the rises in NE after each stress and those of Epi after dog stress were unaffected by steroid treatment . ^^^ We conclude that 1 ) the poststress release of NE , presumably primarily from extra adrenal sources , is largely steroid independent ; 2 ) the mechanism of release of Epi from the adrenal medulla in response to audiovisual stress is different from that after hypoglycemia ; and 3 ) this may reflect different inputs from central glucocorticoid receptors to splanchnic outflow in the two situations . . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P10646 and P08246	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Thus lysine vasopressin ( LVP ) , the catecholamines epinephrine and norepinephrine ( EPI and NE ) , plasma renin activity ( PRA ) , and plasma volume , Na+ , and osmolality were measured before and during treadmill running at work intensities of 60 , 80 , and 100 % of each swine ' s maximal heart rate reserve ( HRR ) . ^^^ EPI , NE , and PRA [ an index of angiotensin 2 ( ANG 2 ) activity ] demonstrated a pattern of response comparable to LVP . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P10646 and P08246	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
The effect of age and multiple stress responses on plasma norepinephrine ( NE ) , epinephrine ( EPI ) , and taurine ( TAU ) levels were determined in F 344 rats . ^^^ Blood samples obtained from catheterized young ( 3 months ) and old ( 24 months ) animals were used to examine plasma levels of NE , EPI , and TAU under baseline conditions and in the same animals after a 30 min immobilization stress . ^^^ In old animals baseline values of NE but not EPI and TAU were higher then young animals and all three values did not change for the baseline during the two additional stress exposures . ^^^ Although no signs of adaptation were evident in the old animals , adaptation to immobilization was seen for EPI and TAU but not NE on the third occasion in the young animals . ^^^ Correlations seen between NE and EPI in young and old rats on the first day disappeared during the second stress period but were again seen during the third stress exposure suggesting subtle indicators of repeated stress subject to adaptation . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P10646 and P08246	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Phenylpropanolamine , [ 1R , 2R ] ( ) norephedrine , [ 1S , 2S ] ( + ) norephedrine , [ 1S , 2R ] ( + ) norpseudoephedrine , [ S ] ( + ) amphetamine , and [ 1R , 2S ] ( ) ephedrine , were compared with the known beta adrenoceptor agonists [ R ] ( ) epinephrine ( EPI ) , [ R ] ( ) norepinephrine ( NE ) , and [ R * , S * ] ( + / ) isoproterenol ( ISO ) for their ability to increase the intracellular concentration of cyclic 3 ' , 5 ' adenosine monophosphate ( cAMP ) in minces of rat heart . ^^^ Of the compounds investigated only NE , EPI , and ISO , as well as , forskolin , which directly stimulates adenylyl cyclase , significantly ( p < 0 . 05 ) increased intracellular levels of cAMP . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P10646 and P08246	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Despite similar plasma glucose levels , EPI ( 8 . 7 + / 0 . 7 vs . 5 . 5 + / 0 . 7 nM ) , NE ( 3 . 3 + / 0 . 3 vs . 2 . 3 + / 0 . 2 nM ) , and cortisol ( 811 + / 36 vs . 611 + / 72 nM ) significantly increased during high compared with low insulin infusion , respectively ( P < 0 . 05 ) . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P10646 and P08246	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
In addition , plasma norepinephrine ( NE ) , epinephrine ( Epi ) , and corticosterone increased significantly above resting values in C St rats ( P < 0 . 05 ) . ^^^ Five animals received investigator delivered reinforcing brain stimulation ( noncontingent stimulation ; NC St ) , with MAP , HR , VO 2 , NE , and Epi increasing significantly above resting values ( P < 0 . 05 ) . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P10646 and P08246	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Animals were sacrificed at 2 , 7 , and 11 days post enucleation and plasma corticosterone and adrenal gland acetylcholine esterase ( AChE ) , choline acetyltransferase ( ChAT ) , corticosterone , epinephrine ( EP ) and norepinephrine ( NE ) were assayed . ^^^ The results show a progressive and gradual increase in plasma and adrenal corticosterone levels , AChE , ChAT , EP , and NE levels in the regenerating adrenal cortex from day 2 to day 11 post bilateral adrenal enucleation . ^^^ The EP and NE levels returned to normal levels after 11 days post surgery in the regenerating gland when compared to the sham control . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P10646 and P08246	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
HVA , NE and EPI in plasma were not good indices for those in CSF . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P10646 and P08246	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
In this study we found that the endogenous catecholamines epinephrine ( EPI ) and norepinephrine ( NE ) , but not dopamine , serotonin , or histamine , all at 10 microM , significantly stimulated intracellular cAMP accumulation , cAMP transport , and extracellular adenosine accumulation in cortical cultures . ^^^ Detailed dose response experiments were performed for NE and EPI , as well as ISO . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P10646 and P08246	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Norepinephrine ( NE ) , epinephrine ( Epi ) and 3 methoxy 4 hydroxyphenylglycol ( MHPG ) ( the principal metabolite of brain NE ) plasma levels ; 2 . ^^^ In conclusion , short term use of heroin decreases NE or Epi release , but with prolonged use , a slow adaptation occurs . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P10646 and P08246	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
This study evaluated sympathetic and parasympathetic function by spectral analysis of heart rate variability and plasma levels of norepinephrine ( NE ) epinephrine ( EPI ) , dihydroxyphenylglycol ( DHPG ) , dihydroxyphenylalanine ( DOPA ) and dihydroxyphenylacetic acid ( DOPAC ) . ^^^ During the oral glucose tolerance test , both high and low frequency power increased , plasma NE levels were unchanged , and plasma EPI levels decreased [ 88 . 5 + / 18 ( SEM ) versus 52 . 5 + / 12 pM , p = 0 . 001 ] . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P10646 and P08246	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
At baseline with the subjects supine , there were no group differences in low or high frequency power of heart rate variability or in plasma levels of norepinephrine ( NE ) or epinephrine ( EPI ) . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P10646 and P08246	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
To determine whether altered production of vasoactive hormones is involved in the breakdown of blood pressure regulation during hemodialysis ( HD ) , blood volume ( BV ) , atrial natriuretic peptide ( ANP ) , plasma renin activity ( PRA ) , aldosterone ( Aldo ) , norepinephrine ( NE ) , epinephrine ( Epi ) , intact immunoreactive parathyroid hormone ( iPTH ) and arginine vasopressin ( AVP ) were examined . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P10646 and P08246	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
In mammals , the sympathetic neurotransmitter is norepinephrine ( NE ) , and the main adrenomedullary hormone is epinephrine ( EPI ) . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P10646 and P08246	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
The interrelationships among blood lactate ( La ) and plasma norepinephrine ( NE ) and epinephrine ( Epi ) were studied simultaneously with measures of ventilation ( VE ) and gas exchange during incremental exercise to exhaustion in nine healthy young men . ^^^ We wanted to observe whether the tight coupling that exists during normoxic exercise between the concentrations of La ( [ La ] ) and of both NE and Epi would also be found in hypoxia ( inspired O 2 fraction = 0 . 14 ) . ^^^ The increase in [ La ] was linearly related to the increases in both NE and Epi concentrations in the normoxic and hypoxic tests ( r = 0 . 92 0 . 96 ) . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P10646 and P08246	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Plasma levels of the dihydroxyphenylalanine ( DOPA ) , NE , epinephrine ( EPI ) , DHPG , MHPG , dopamine ( DA ) , DOPAC and HVA , were determined in different groups of young and old rats , cannulated in the tail artery , at baseline , and after 5 , 30 , 60 , and 120 min of IMMO . ^^^ Basal levels of DOPA , DHPG , MHPG , DA , DOPAC , HVA , NE and EPI were significantly higher in old than in young rats , and increased in plasma during IMMO . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P10646 and P08246	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
The purpose of the present study was to examine the relationship between minute ventilation ( VE ) and plasma concentrations of epinephrine ( EPI ) and norepinephrine ( NE ) during incremental cycling ( 20 W . 2 min 1 ) performed under conditions of beta adrenergic blockade ( 80 mg of propranolol ) and placebo in six untrained male subjects . ^^^ During exercise with beta blockade , EPI , and NE concentrations were both significantly elevated compared with control levels at every submaximal work stage . ^^^ Significant positive correlations between VE and plasma levels of EPI and NE were found during both beta blockade ( r = 0 . 98 and 1 . 00 ) and control conditions ( r = 0 . 98 and 0 . 96 ) . ^^^ Although the high correlations were unchanged during exercise with beta blockade , the slopes of the regression lines for the VE EPI and the VE NE relationships were both significantly reduced compared with control conditions . ^^^ Beta blockade resulted in elevated plasma levels of both EPI and NE compared with control conditions without causing a change in exercise VE . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P10646 and P08246	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
NE and epinephrine ( Epi ) plasma levels were determined at 15 min intervals and at trigger time . ^^^ The NE group had greater NE and Epi plasma levels at all times than either the untreated or IABP group and the levels increased at each sample time . ^^^ The IABP group had increased NE levels at time of trigger compared to control time period , however , Epi levels did not increase . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P10646 and P08246	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Both norepinephrine ( NE ) and epinephrine ( EP ) concentrations were significantly lower in the CS group than the FD group . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P10646 and P08246	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
In conscious Sprague Dawley rats with indwelling arterial and venous cannulas , insulin ( 0 . 3 U / kg was injected 4 , and responses of serum glucose concentrations and plasma levels of corticotropin ( ACTH ) and catechols ( including epinephrine , EPI ; norepinephrine , NE ; dihydroxyphenylalanine , DOPA ; dihydroxyphenylglycol , DHPG ; and dihydroxyphenylacetic acid , DOPAC ) were assessed , with or without pretreatment with anti CRH immune serum ( 0 . 5 or 1 . 0 ml 4 or 10 microl icv ) or alpha helical h / r CRH 9 41 ( 130 nmol 4 or 13 nmol icv ) . ^^^ Hypoglycemia elicited similar increments in ACTH levels in Lewis rats and Fischer 344 / N control rats ; and although Lewis rats had lower baseline EPI and smaller responses of NE , DHPG , DOPA , and DOPAC levels , the groups did not differ in proportionate increments in EPI levels . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P10646 and P08246	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
A modulatory role of the precursor of catecholamines tyrosine ( TYR ) in 2 deoxyglucose ( 2DG ) induced changes in blood pressure ( BP ) , renal sympathetic nerve activity ( renSNA ) , plasma levels of epinephrine ( EPI ) and norepinephrine ( NE ) , total spillover of NE ( TSO ) , and sensitivity of baroreceptor reflex ( SBR ) is studied . ^^^ Chronically instrumented male Wistar rats were injected with 2DG ( 125 500 mg / kg 4 ) , and BP , heart rate ( HR ) , renSNA , TSO , EPI , NE , plasma clearance NE ( CINE ) and SBR were monitored before and after 2DG administration . ^^^ SBR was estimated by bolus i . v . sodium nitroprusside injection . 2DG evoked an increase in renSNA by 23 % , 40 fold and 2 . 5 fold increases in EPI and NE concentrations , 2 , 7 fold increase in TSO , a decrease in HR by 5 % in 45 min without reliable changes in BP and CINE . ^^^ TYR TYR administration did not affect 2DG induced changes in HR , TSO , EPI and NE concentrations , but potentiated changes in renSNA by 53 % and significantly increased BP by 10 % . 2DG produced an increase in the chronotropic ( by 87 % ) and sympathetic ( by 72 % ) components of SBR . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P10646 and P08246	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Li+ did not affect the 50 % effective concentration ( EC 50 ) of NE and Ach in the epididymal ( EP ) portion of the RVD . 3 . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P10646 and P08246	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
In addition to determining the rates of appearance of NE into , and clearance of NE from , plasma , we measured basal arterialized plasma levels of epinephrine ( EPI ) , and also vital signs , in both groups . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P10646 and P08246	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Norepinephrine ( NE ; 100 ng . kg 1 . min 1 ) and epinephrine ( Epi ; 40 ng . kg 1 . min 1 ) were infused intraportally during the second test period of both protocols . ^^^ Portal NE ( 70 + / 46 to 8 , 404 + / 674 and 162 + / 57 to 6 , 530 + / 624 pg / ml , respectively ) and portal Epi ( 21 + / 11 to 3 , 587 + / 309 and 29 + / 6 to 2 , 989 + / 406 pg / ml , respectively ) rose in the control and adrenergic blockade groups , respectively . ^^^ The increases in arterial NE and Epi were modest in both groups . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P10646 and P08246	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
In dogs with VAGX only , hypoglycemia increased plasma epinephrine ( Epi ) , pancreatic norepinephrine ( NE ) output ( +320 + / 140 pg / min , P < 0 . 05 ) , arterial plasma glucagon ( +28 + / 12 pg / ml , P < 0 . 01 ) , and pancreatic glucagon output ( +1 , 470 + / 370 pg / min , P < 0 . 01 ) . ^^^ The addition of ADX eliminated the increase of Epi but did not increase pancreatic NE output ( +370 + / 190 pg / min , P < 0 . 025 ) , arterial plasma glucagon ( +20 + / 5 pg / ml , P < 0 . 01 ) , or pancreatic glucagon output ( +810 + / 200 pg / min , P < 0 . 01 ) . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P10646 and P08246	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
We studied the relationship between changes in norepinephrine ( NE ) and epinephrine ( Epi ) levels , total body spillover , and total body clearance at birth . ^^^ One week later , NE and Epi kinetics ( isotope dilution methodology ) and systemic blood flows ( radioactive microspheres ) were measured in fetuses and then in the same animals 1 and 4 h after cesarean section delivery . ^^^ Comparing fetal and 1 h lambs 1 ) systemic output fell by 33 % ( P < 0 . 005 ) ; 2 ) systemic plasma NE increased by 144 % ( P < 0 . 005 ) , and plasma Epi increased sevenfold ( P < 0 . 005 ) ; 3 ) total body NE spillover rose by 63 % ( P < 0 . 01 ) and Epi spillover by fivefold ( P < 0 . 005 ) ; and 4 ) total body NE clearance decreased by 34 % ( P < 0 . 005 ) and Epi clearance by 37 % ( P < 0 . 005 ) . ^^^ Systemic blood flow and kinetic data were similar in 1 and 4 h lambs and were therefore pooled to define the interrelationship among perinatal changes in NE and Epi plasma levels , spillover , and clearance . ^^^ These findings indicate that 1 ) sympathoadrenal activity increases with birth , and 2 ) increased total body spillover and reduced total body clearance contribute a similar portion of the plasma NE and Epi surge at birth . . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P10646 and P08246	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Norepinephrine transmitter metabolite is a selective cell death messenger in differentiated rat pheochromocytoma cells . 3 , 4 Dihydroxyphenylglycolaldehyde ( DOPEGAL ) is the monoamine oxidase A ( MAO A ) metabolite of norepinephrine ( NE ) and epinephrine ( Epi ) . ^^^ In this study we determine the toxicity of DOPEGAL , its tautomer 2 ' , 3 , 4 trihydroxyacetophenone ( THAP ) as well as NE , Epi and their oxidative and methylated metabolites in cultures of differentiated PC 12 cells . ^^^ At 59 . 5 microM DOPEGAL , THAP and Epi , but not NE or other NE or Epi metabolites decreased PC 12 cells by 43 . 8 % , 26 . 7 % and 16 . 8 % respectively . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P10646 and P08246	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Basal splenic norepinephrine ( NE ) levels were significantly higher in EP mice than those in ER mice , and remained significantly higher following immunization . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P10646 and P08246	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
We studied the effects of changing beta 1 and beta 2 adrenergic receptor ( AR ) subtype ratios and densities on cyclic AMP ( cAMP ) responses to norepinephrine ( NE ) and epinephrine ( EPI ) in rat C 6 glioma cells . ^^^ We compared the effects of NE and EPI on cAMP accumulation in each condition and observed a predominantly beta 1 pharmacology ( NE > EPI ) under most conditions . ^^^ However , as the beta 2 AR density exceeded the number of beta 1 ARs we observed a progressive shift toward a more beta 2 like pharmacology ( EPI > NE ) , without the appearance of biphasic concentration response curves . ^^^ The ratio of beta 2 / beta 1 density correlated significantly ( p < 0 . 006 ) with the ratio of the potencies of NE and EPI in increasing cAMP formation . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P10646 and P08246	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Biochemical analysis showed that isoflurane mediated cardiovascular effects were not accompanied by any significant changes in plasma norepinephrine ( NE ) and epinephrine ( Epi ) levels . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P10646 and P08246	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
The innervation of the adrenal medulla regulates the release of catecholamines from the two , epinephrine ( EPI ) and norepinephrine ( NE ) , populations of chromaffin cells . ^^^ Interestingly , the adrenal medullary secretory responses do not simply reflect increments a fixed ratio of EPI to NE as might be expected if release was proportional to the number EPI and NE cells . ^^^ Instead , the ratio of EPI to NE changes depending on the magnitude and type of stimulus that initiates neural activation of the medulla . ^^^ The variability in the EPI : NE release ratio implies that the EPI and NE cells can be differentially stimulated . ^^^ Although the underlying mechanisms are not fully characterized , this review presents an emerging view that the selective control of EPI and NE cells is accounted for , first , by the existence of separate neural circuits between brain centers and the chromaffin cells , and second , through neuromodulation that selectively influences EPI and NE cells . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P10646 and P08246	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Aerobic exercise induced a 3 fold mean increase in alpha amylase ; both NE and epinephrine ( EP ) increased approximately 5 fold over control levels . ^^^ Levels of alpha amylase and NE returned to control levels within 30 45 min after exercise , but EP remained elevated by approximately 2 fold during the remaining hour of observation . ^^^ During the written examination , alpha amylase and NE , but not EP , concentrations increased in parallel . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P10646 and P08246	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
TX rats had higher basal plasma levels of NE , epinephrine ( EPI ) and dopamine ( DA ) , as well as much higher plasma levels of the metabolites . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P10646 and P08246	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Epinephrine ( EPI ) , norepinephrine ( NE ) , growth hormone ( GH ) , adrenocorticotropin ( ACTH ) , and cortisol were studied in patients with panic and control subjects given placebo and doxapram injections after receiving either standard instructions or a brief cognitive intervention . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P10646 and P08246	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
SNS and 3 Hz produced frequency dependent increases in epinephrine ( EPI ) and norepinephrine ( NE ) output determined from adrenal venous blood . ^^^ Yohimbine ( 30 and 100 micrograms / kg , i . v . ) , a selective alpha 2 adrenoceptor antagonist , enhanced the SNS induced increases in both EPI and NE output . ^^^ Desipramine ( 100 and 300 micrograms / kg , i . v . ) , an amine pump inhibitor , enhanced the SNS induced increases in NE output , whereas no enhancement of EPI output was produced . ^^^ After desipramine treatment , yohimbine further enhanced the SNS induced increases in EPI and NE output . ^^^ These results suggest that the release of adrenal CA in response to SNS is inhibited by alpha 2 adrenoceptors , and that released NE , rather than EPI , is predominantly taken up into the dog adrenal medullary cells . . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P10646 and P08246	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
SNS ( 1 and 3 Hz ) or injections of ACh ( 1 . 5 and 3 micrograms ) , DMPP ( 1 and 2 micrograms ) , and muscarine ( 1 and 2 micrograms ) produced a frequency or dose dependent increase in both epinephrine ( EPI ) and norepinephrine ( NE ) output , determined from adrenal venous blood . ^^^ Glucagon infusion ( 0 . 1 , 0 . 3 , and 1 microgram / min ) enhanced the SNS , ACh , and DMPP induced increases in EPI and NE output in a dose dependent manner but did not affect the muscarine induced increases in CA output . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P10646 and P08246	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Changes of systemic arterial pressure ( SAP ) and plasma norepinephrine ( NE ) and epinephrine ( EP ) following stimulations of the PAG , DM or VLM were compared before and after transections . ^^^ It was found that the transection did not cause significant changes in the resting SAP and plasma NE and EP and also the induced pressor responses , namely the increases of above parameters . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P10646 and P08246	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Correlations between aggressiveness and its components and plasma concentrations of norepinephrine ( NE ) , epinephrine ( EPI ) , testosterone ( T ) , cortisol ( Cort ) and prolactin ( Prl ) were studied in 158 physically and psychologically healthy male volunteers . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P10646 and P08246	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Our objective was to assess the effects of chronic central angiotensin 2 ( Ang 2 ) blockade on the basal regulation of blood pressure , heart rate ( HR ) , arginine vasopressin ( AVP ) , renin , epinephrine ( EPI ) , norepinephrine ( NE ) and on cardiovascular and hormonal responses to hemorrhage in conscious rats . ^^^ Basal levels of AVP , EPI and NE were not different between two groups . ^^^ Hemorrhage produced a significant increase in the plasma concentrations of AVP , renin , EPI and NE . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P10646 and P08246	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
MEASUREMENTS : In the first experiment , concentrations of norepinephrine ( NE ) , epinephrine ( EPI ) , dopamine ( DA ) , serotonin ( 5HT ) , the serotonin metabolite 5 hydroxyindoleacetic acid ( 5 HIAA ) were measured . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P10646 and P08246	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Caffeine ingestion has been demonstrated to increase circulating epinephrine ( Epi ) and norepinephrine ( NE ) , elevate free fatty acids ( FFAs ) , and alter heart rate , blood pressure ( BP ) , and ventilation in humans . ^^^ There were no significant ( P > 0 . 05 ) increases in plasma Epi after caffeine ingestion [ 0 . 19 + / 0 . 04 ( SE ) nM ( preingestion ) ; 0 . 20 + / 0 . 04 nM ( 80 min postingestion ) ] or in plasma NE [ 0 . 53 + / 0 . 16 nM ( preingestion ) ; 0 . 49 + / 0 . 09 nM ( 80 min postingestion ; P > 0 . 05 ) ] . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P10646 and P08246	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
The exercise raised both plasma BNP and ANP with concomitant increases in systolic blood pressure , heart rate ( HR ) and plasma norepinephrine ( NE ) and epinephrine ( Epi ) before and after treatment . ^^^ After treatment 4 wk of treatment , the change in ANP correlated with those in NE and Epi as well as HR . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P10646 and P08246	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
The catecholamines dopamine ( DA ) , epinephrine ( EP ) , and norepinephrine ( NE ) play important roles in learning and memory , emotional states , and control of voluntary movement , as well as cardiovascular and kidney function . ^^^ We report here that DA , EP , and NE all show binding in the nanomolar range to three isoforms of the recombinant human D4R ( hD4R ) : D4 . 2 , D4 . 4 , and D4 . 7 . ^^^ Submicromolar concentrations of DA , EP , and NE were sufficient to activate hD4R isoforms in two different functional assays : agonist induced guanosine 5 ' O ( 3 [ 35S ] thiotriphosphate ) binding and modulation of adenylyl cyclase activity . ^^^ DA was approximately fivefold more potent than EP and NE at the D4R , whereas activation of the human D2R required at least 100 fold higher catecholamine concentrations . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P10646 and P08246	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
In glycogen depleted subjects ( GD ) a nonlinear increase in epinephrine ( Epi ) and norepinephrine ( NE ) parallels blood lactate ( La ) during graded exercise . ^^^ We conclude that the changes of Epi and NE concentrations , associated with the activation of glucoregulatory mechanisms , including hyperinsulinemia , display different magnitude and time courses during exercise in GD subjects who receive oral vs . intravenous load of Glc before exercise . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P10646 and P08246	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Intravenous infusion of exogenous CAs ( dopamine DA , norepinephrine NE , or epinephrine Epi ) was carried out at increasing doses to cover a range of plasma concentrations from the lower to the upper physiological and to pharmacological levels . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P10646 and P08246	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Four weeks after myocardial infarction , plasma and ventricular ( left and right ) epinephrine ( EPI ) , unlike norepinephrine ( NE ) , were markedly increased . ^^^ Whereas plasma catecholamine ( EPI and NE ) levels were increased 8 weeks after infarction , NE concentration in the left ventricle was unchanged but EPI concentration was increased in comparison with sham control . ^^^ The right ventricle showed an increased level of both NE and EPI 8 weeks after infarction . ^^^ The concentration of EPI , unlike NE , was increased in the kidney , spleen , and brain 8 weeks after coronary occlusion . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P10646 and P08246	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Plasma norepinephrine ( NE ) , epinephrine ( EPI ) , growth hormone ( GH ) , prolactin ( PRL ) , cortisol ( CORT ) and testosterone ( Te ) concentrations were measured in basal conditions and during experimentally induced aggressiveness . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P10646 and P08246	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Arterial epinephrine ( Epi ) and norepinephrine ( NE ) increased by approximately 500 and approximately 900 pg / ml , respectively , after 20 min of heavy exercise . ^^^ Because Epi is not released from the splanchnic bed and because Epi fractional extraction ( FX ) = NE FX , NE uptake by splanchnic tissue can be calculated despite simultaneous release of NE . ^^^ Even though NHS extraction of Epi reduced portal vein Epi levels by approximately 60 % , the release of NE from NHS tissue maintained portal vein NE at levels similar to those in arterial blood . ^^^ These results show that 1 ) approximately two and threefold increases in NHS and hepatic NE spillover occur during heavy exercise , demonstrating that sympathetic drive to these tissues contributes to the increase in circulating NE ; 2 ) the high catecholamine FX by the NHS tissues results in an Epi level at the liver that is considerably lower than that in the arterial blood ; and 3 ) circulating NE delivery to the liver is sustained despite high catecholamine FX due to simultaneous NHS NE release . . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P10646 and P08246	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Forearm venous blood samples taken at rest and at the end of each work stage were analyzed for norepinephrine ( NE ) , epinephrine ( EPI ) , and lactate ( LA ) content . ^^^ Mann Whitney tests revealed that peak LA , NE , and EPI responses were greater in LINJ compared with HINJ subjects ( LA = 7 . 1 + / 0 . 5 vs 3 . 2 + / 0 . 4 mM ; NE = 3 . 1 + / 1 . 0 vs 0 . 4 + / 0 . 1 ng . ml 1 ; EPI = 0 . 5 + / 0 . 2 vs 0 . 1 + / 0 . 01 ng . ml 1 ) . ^^^ Spearman rank correlations for LINJ and HINJ groups were NE EPI , rs = 0 . 85 vs rs = 0 . 17 ; NE LA , rs = 0 . 83 vs rs = 0 . 31 ; and EPI LA , rs = 0 . 73 vs rs = 0 . 41 . ^^^ The strong relationships between NE , EPI , and LA in the LINJ group were similar to those previously reported in able bodied athletes . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P10646 and P08246	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
This study was undertaken to determine the impact of portal adrenergic blockade on the gluconeogenic effects of epinephrine ( EPI ) and norepinephrine ( NE ) . ^^^ Portal infusion of alpha and beta adrenergic blockers alone ( first test period ) slightly increased hepatic glucose production from 2 . 4 + / 0 . 4 to 2 . 8 + / 0 . 5 mg / kg . min ( nonsignificant [ NS ] ) NE ( 500 ng / kg . min ) and EPI ( 180 ng / kg . min ) were infused peripherally during the second test period . ^^^ Arterial NE and EPI increased from 186 + / 63 to 6 , 725 + / 913 pg / mL and 76 + / 25 to 2 , 674 + / 344 pg / mL , respectively . ^^^ Portal NE and EPI increased from 135 + / 32 to 4 , 082 + / 747 pg / mL and 28 + / 8 to 1 , 114 + / 174 pg / mL , respectively . ^^^ In conclusion , portal delivery of adrenergic blockers selectively inhibits the glycogenolytic effects of EPI and NE on the liver , but allows a marked gluconeogenic response to the catecholamines . . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P10646 and P08246	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
We report plasma levels of norepinephrine ( NE ) , epinephrine ( EPI ) and dopamine ( DA ) in free living tree lizards ( Urosaurus ornatus ) bled in the field : 1 ) immediately after capture , 2 ) after 10 minutes of restraint , 3 ) immediately after a staged territorial encounter and 4 ) four minutes after the end of a staged territorial encounter . ^^^ In contrast , plasma NE and EPI increased during blood collection . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P10646 and P08246	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Arterialized blood pH and concentrations of bicarbonate ( [ HCO 3 ] ) , venous plasma lactate ( [ La ] ) , norepinephrine ( [ NE ] ) , and epinephrine ( [ Epi ] ) were measured before and after WT 1 and WT 2 . ^^^ During recovery in H compared with N , VE , exercise induced acidosis , and [ NE ] were higher , [ Epi ] tented to be higher , [ La ] was not altered , and [ HCO 3 ] and FBV were lower . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P10646 and P08246	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Intrathecal fentanyl ( ITF ) provides effective labour analgesia but its effect on maternal epinephrine ( Epi ) and norepinephrine ( NE ) concentrations is not known . ^^^ Venous blood samples were collected before anaesthesia and at five minute intervals for 30 min following anaesthesia for the measurement of plasma Epi and NE by high performance liquid chromatography . ^^^ RESULTS : Both ITF and LEA decreased pain VAS scores , maternal BP , and plasma Epi concentrations with only minimal effects on plasma NE concentrations . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P10646 and P08246	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS : Measurements included plasma renin activity ( RA ) and plasma concentrations of angiotensin 2 ( AG 2 ) , aldosterone ( AS ) , norepinephrine ( NE ) , and epinephrine ( EP ) . ^^^ Controlled hypotension alone caused significant increases in plasma concentrations of NE ( +295 % ) and EP ( +203 % ) at 80 minutes after starting hypotension , whereas it caused no change in plasma RA and plasma concentrations of AG 2 and AS . ^^^ Hemodilution plus controlled hypotension caused significant increases in plasma RA ( +271 % ) and plasma concentrations of AG 2 ( +188 % ) , AS ( +199 % ) , NE ( +279 % ) , and EP ( +184 % ) at 80 minutes after starting hypotension . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P10646 and P08246	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Dihydroxyphenylalanine , dopamine , norepinephrine ( NE ) , epinephrine ( EPI ) , 3 , 4 dihydroxyphenylacetic acid , and 3 , 4 dihydroxyphenylglycol ( DOPEG ) concentrations were assayed by high pressure liquid chromatography with electrochemical detection . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P10646 and P08246	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Plasma epinephrine ( EPI ) , norepinephrine ( NE ) , and dopamine ( DA ) , as well as catecholamine metabolites dihydroxyphenylglycol ( DHPG ) and dihydroxyphenylacetic acid ( DOPAC ) were measured by HPLC method . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P10646 and P08246	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Catecholamine release elicited by [ Asn 1 , Val 5 ] ANG 2 ( 10 ( 13 ) to 10 ( 7 ) mol / kg body wt ) was dose dependent , and the secretion of epinephrine ( Epi ) was greater than that of norepinephrine ( NE ) . ^^^ Pretreatment with captopril ( 10 ( 4 ) M ) significantly reduced [ Asn 1 , Val 5 , Asn 9 ] ANG 1 elicited Epi and NE release and decreased basal catecholamine release . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P10646 and P08246	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
GYKI 52466 ( 1 ( 4 aminophenyl ) 4 methyl 7 , 8 methylendioxy 5H 2 , 3 benzo diaz epi ne ) , a non competitive non NMDA receptor antagonist , was tested against epileptic afterdischarges elicited by cortical stimulation in 12 , 18 and 25 day old rats with implanted electrodes . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P10646 and P08246	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
The binding of insulin , the plasma levels of insulin ( INS ) , and the plasma catecholamine levels of epinephrine ( EPI ) and norepinephrine ( NE ) were measured during liver regeneration after partial hepatectomy ( PH ) . ^^^ Within 20 min after liver resection or sham operation , plasma NE and EPI concentrations increased rapidly . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P10646 and P08246	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Effects of norepinephrine ( NE ) , epinephrine ( EP ) , corticosterone and cortisol were studied both in vivo and in vitro on the rate of oxygen consumption of tissues ( liver , skeletal muscle and kidney ) of sub tropical Indian frogs Rana limnocharis ( a hibernating species ) and Rana cyanophlyctis ( a non hibernating species ) exposed to natural climatic conditions during winter and summer / rainy seasons . ^^^ Further , the effects of NE and EP were also studied in vitro in the presence of specific beta and alpha adrenergic antagonists ( propranolol and prazosin ) . ^^^ NE , EP and corticosterone , when administered in vivo or in vitro , significantly stimulated the respiratory rate of the tissues of both the species irrespective of the seasons / temperature . ^^^ Results suggest that NE , EP and corticosterone are directly involved in regulation of the energy metabolism of both hibernating and non hibernating species of sub tropical frogs . ^^^ The calorigenic action of NE and EP seems to be mediated by both beta and alpha adrenergic receptors . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P10646 and P08246	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
In both groups , epinephrine ( Epi ) and norepinephrine ( NE ) were infused in the portal vein during the blockade test period to create supraphysiological levels at the liver . ^^^ Arterial Epi , NE , glucagon , and insulin levels were similar during exercise in both groups . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P10646 and P08246	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
There are experimental data suggesting that epinephrine ( Epi ) may act as a cotransmitter in sympathetic nerves , stimulating presynaptic beta 2 receptors and enhancing norepinephrine ( NE ) release . ^^^ During intense supine exercise , cardiac NE and Epi spillovers increased concomitantly with similar magnitude , whereas no renal Epi spillover could be detected . ^^^ Blockade of neuronal uptake 1 caused a consistent decrease in both cardiac and renal fractional extractions of NE and Epi . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P10646 and P08246	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
To investigate the possible role of impaired sympathetic nervous system and / or adrenal medullary function in the etiology of human obesity , we studied 64 Pima Indian men ( 28 + / 6 years , 101 + / 25 kg , 34 + / 9 % body fat , mean + / SD ) in whom sympathoadrenal function was estimated at baseline by measurements of 24 hour urinary norepinephrine ( NE ) and epinephrine ( Epi ) excretion rates under weight maintenance conditions . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P10646 and P08246	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
The terminal feed arteries of trained animals demonstrate increased dilation in response to Np and increased constriction in response to epinephrine ( Epi ) and NE . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P10646 and P08246	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Blood samples of animals with and without spontaneous encephalitozoonosis were evaluated , and compared for the presence of epinephrine ( EPI ) , norepinephrine ( NE ) , and dopamine ( DA ) . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P10646 and P08246	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Norepinephrine ( NE ) , NE spillover , epinephrine ( Epi ) , vasopressin , plasma renin activity , aldosterone , osmolarity , and kidney response expressed by urine osmolality and by Na+ and K+ excretion of the subjects in the supine and standing postures were all measured . ^^^ Plasma Epi and NE increased rapidly to this point . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P10646 and P08246	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Plasma norepinephrine ( NE ) , epinephrine ( EPI ) , growth hormone ( GH ) , prolactin ( PRL ) , adrenocorticotropic hormone ( ACTH ) cortisol ( CORT ) , beta endorphin ( beta EP ) concentrations and changes of emotional state were measured in basal conditions and after the experimental trials with two different types of music . ^^^ A significant increase was observed in beta EP , ACTH , NE , GH and CORT after listening to techno music . ^^^ Changes in emotional state and NE , beta EP and GH responses to techno music correlated negatively with harm avoidance scores and positively with the novelty seeking temperament score on the Cloninger scale . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P10646 and P08246	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Experiments were conducted in conscious male rats to determine whether hypoglycemia induced by insulin administration preferentially stimulated epinephrine ( Epi ) or norepinephrine ( NE ) adrenal medullary chromaffin cells . ^^^ The release of Epi and NE from the adrenal medulla was continuously monitored using a microdialysis probe of novel design that had been inserted in the adrenal medulla approximately 16 h before the administration of insulin . ^^^ Similarly , plasma Epi increased with no detectable change in NE . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P10646 and P08246	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
GABA , norepinephrine ( NE ) , and epinephrine ( EP ) concentrations were measured using HPLC . ^^^ Furthermore , significant positive correlations were observed between the NE and GABA concentrations and between the EP and GABA concentrations in the AF . ^^^ The positive correlations between the concentrations of GABA and those of NE and EP in the AF , suggest that GABA , NE , and EP might play important roles during fetal distress . . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P10646 and P08246	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Antisergon application after the given combination of hormones had no effect on the EPI and NE levels in ovine follicular fluid but resulted in the increase of DA content ( p < 0 . 05 ) . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P10646 and P08246	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Plasma concentrations of norepinephrine ( NE ) , epinephrine ( EPI ) , ACTH , cortisol ( CORT ) , growth hormone ( GH ) , prolactin ( PRL ) and testosterone ( T ) were measured immediately before the beginning of the tests and at their end , 30 min later . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P10646 and P08246	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Infusion of epinephrine ( Epi ; 3 . 3 nmol . min 1 . kg body wt 1 ) increased PVA , PDA , and PVEN , whereas norepinephrine ( NE ) infusion ( 3 . 3 nmol . min 1 . kg body wt 1 ) increased PVA and PDA but did not affect PVEN . ^^^ Epi ( 1 . 0 nmol . min 1 . kg body wt 1 ) , but not NE ( 2 . 6 or 10 . 4 nmol . min 1 . kg body wt 1 ) , displaced the capacitance curve to the right and significantly decreased USBV . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P10646 and P08246	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
RESULTS : Norepinephrine ( NE ) , epinephrine ( EP ) and isoproterenol ( ISO ) were found to relax the detrusor muscle pre contracted by 6 10 10 ( 7 ) M carbachol in the presence of 10 ( 6 ) M phentolamine . ^^^ NE relaxed the detrusor muscle as potently as EP . ^^^ However , in the presence of 10 ( 6 ) M propranolol , beta 1 and beta 2 but not beta 3 AR antagonist , NE showed a more potent relaxation than EP . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P10646 and P08246	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Compounds with intrinsic activities less than that of the full agonists norepinephrine ( NE ) or epinephrine ( EPI ) were capable of antagonizing agonist stimulated [ 35S ] GTPgammaS binding . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P10646 and P08246	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Until 20 min after melatonin administration , plasma epinephrine ( EPI ) levels were reduced by about 60 % in both groups , but norepinephrine ( NE ) levels were decreased only in SHR by about 30 % . ^^^ Unexpectedly , the sympathetic reactivity to nitroprusside , evaluated by the increases in NE and EPI , was markedly enhanced after melatonin treatment in both WKY and SHR . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P10646 and P08246	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Training significantly ( P < 0 . 05 ) reduced end exercise ratings of perceived exertion ( RPE ) , plasma epinephrine concentration [ Epi ] , plasma norepinephrine concentration [ NE ] , blood lactate concentration [ La ] , minute ventilation ( 5 ( E ) ) , heart rate ( HR ) , and blood glucose concentration [ Glc ] . ^^^ It also appears that modest changes in plasma [ NE ] , blood [ La ] , 5 ( E ) and blood [ Glc ] during constant power cycle ergometry ( as observed during Epi infusion ) do not impact RPE . . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P10646 and P08246	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
In vivo effects of a single dose of norepinephrine ( NE ) and epinephrine ( EP ) were studied on the rate of tissue ( liver and skeletal muscle ) respiration in Rana limnocharis ( hibernating Sp . ) and Rana cyanophlyctis ( non hibernating Sp . ) during winter and summer months after 10 and 30 min , 1 , 6 , 12 and 24 hr of administration . ^^^ During winter both NE and EP induced significant increase in the rate of tissues respiration only after 30 min after their administration in both the species and the stimulatory effect lasted up to 6 hr . ^^^ During summer , however , NE and EP stimulated respiratory rate of tissues comparatively after a shorter lag period ( 10 to 30 min ) in R . limnocharis than that of R . cyanophlyctis ( 30 min to 6 hr ) . ^^^ These findings seem to suggest that NE and EP can stimulate tissue respiration very quickly , and , therefore , might be suitable as emergency hormones for instant / faster stimulation of energy metabolism in amphibians . . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P10646 and P08246	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
To evaluate contributions of catecholamines to inhibition of growth during chronic hypoxemia or severe undernutrition , epinephrine ( Epi ; 0 . 25 0 . 35 microg . kg 1 . min 1 ) or norepinephrine ( NE ; 0 . 5 0 . 7 microg . kg 1 . min 1 ) was administered to normoxemic fetuses in twin pregnant ewes for 8 12 days , from 125 to 127 days of gestation . ^^^ Weight gain ceased during infusion of Epi or NE ( 21 + / 14 . 8 or 14 + / 20 . 9 g / day ) , whereas controls gained 93 + / 13 . 2 g / day ( P < 0 . 01 ) . ^^^ Actions of Epi and NE could underlie asymmetrical growth retardation occurring in many adverse physiological situations during fetal development . . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P10646 and P08246	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Levels of the monoamine neurotransmitters norepinephrine ( NE ) , epinephrine ( EPI ) , dopamine ( DA ) , and serotonin ( 5 HT ) and the major metabolites 3 , 4 dihydroxyphenylacetic acid ( DOPAC ) , homovanillic acid ( HVA ) , and 5 hydroxyindoleacetic acid ( 5 HIAA ) were assayed in forebrain , midbrain , hindbrain , cerebellum and brainstem regions . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P10646 and P08246	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
When compared with healthy subjects ( n = 49 ) , the results in drug addicts ( n = 48 ) revealed : a ) Significant increases in plasma DA ( free and sulfoconjugated ) , epinephrine ( Epi ) and norepinephrine ( NE ) sulfate levels ; b ) no significant differences in the levels of plasma free NE or Epi , serum and platelet 5 HT . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P10646 and P08246	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
The purpose of this study was to investigate the influence of different injury levels in persons with spinal cord injury ( SCI ) on epinephrine ( Epi ) and norepinephrine ( NE ) at rest and during graded wheelchair exercise and the related changes in heart rate and O 2 uptake ( VO 2 ) . ^^^ Because of the higher level of interruption of the sympathetic pathways , Tetra persons showed lower Epi and NE at rest and only slight increases during exercise compared with all other groups ; the Tetra subjects ' impaired cardiac sympathetic innervation caused restricted cardioacceleration and strongly reduced maximal VO 2 . ^^^ When compared with AB persons , HLPara had comparable NE but lower Epi levels as a result of partial innervation of the noradrenergic system and denervation of the adrenal medulla . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P10646 and P08246	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Cilnidipine ( 0 . 3 3 microg / min ) inhibited increases in both epinephrine ( EPI ) and norepinephrine ( NE ) output induced by SNS ( 2 Hz ) , ACh ( 1 . 5 microg ) , and DMPP ( 0 . 2 microg ) . ^^^ However , cilnidipine inhibited increase in NE output induced by muscarine ( 1 microg ) without affecting increase in EPI output . ^^^ Nifedipine ( 0 . 3 3 microg / min ) inhibited the ACh and DMPP induced increases in EPI and NE output without affecting the SNS and muscarine induced increases in EPI and NE output . ^^^ From these results , it seems likely that the inhibition by cilnidipine of the SNS induced EPI and NE secretion and of the muscarine induced NE secretion is related to its blocking action on N type VDCCs . . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P10646 and P08246	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Tg ( + ) rats showed exaggerated osmotic induced increases in plasma VP , norepinephrine ( NE ) , and epinephrine ( Epi ) compared with Tg ( ) rats . ^^^ Plasma NE and Epi were increased two and fourfold , respectively , in the hypertensive rats with no significant change in the Tg ( ) rats . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P10646 and P08246	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
We therefore studied changes in ACTH , cortisol , norepinephrine ( NE ) , and epinephrine ( Epi ) after stress induced by a barking dog ( audiovisual stressor ) and insulin induced hypoglycemia ( metabolic stressor ) in ovariectomized sheep treated with estradiol or placebo and in intact sheep in the follicular and luteal phases of the estrous cycle . ^^^ Both stressors produced acute increases in ACTH , cortisol , Epi , and NE . ^^^ A high physiological dose of estradiol significantly reduced the ACTH and cortisol responses to both stressors but did not affect Epi and NE responses . ^^^ Plasma ACTH and cortisol responses to both stressors and Epi and NE responses to insulin were lower in the follicular than in the luteal phase , but catecholamine responses to the audiovisual stressor did not change during the estrous cycle . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P10646 and P08246	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Plasma epinephrine ( Epi ) and norepinephrine ( NE ) increased markedly in a dose dependent manner for up to 120 min after intracerebroventricular or intravenous administration of aFGF ( 6 667 fmol / rat ) . ^^^ Both intravenous and intracerebroventricular administration of 10 ng basic FGF ( bFGF ) also increased sympathetic adrenal efferent activity and plasma Epi and NE concentrations . ^^^ Bilateral splanchnicotomy completely prevented the increases in Epi induced by intracerebroventricular or intravenous aFGF but had less effect on the increases in NE . ^^^ Pretreatment with an antibody against corticotropin releasing factor ( CRF ) , given via the intracerebroventricular route , significantly attenuated the increases in Epi and NE evoked by intracerebroventricular or intravenous administration of aFGF . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P10646 and P08246	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
In 12 healthy normotensives ( NTs ) and 15 essential hypertensives ( Ehs ) venous blood samples to determine circulating ET 1 , bFGF and PDGF , and catecholamine ( EPI and NE ) levels were drawn before and at the third minute of a handgrip test . ^^^ In the EHs at the third minute of the exercise significant increases in plasma ET 1 ( p < 0 . 002 ) , bFGF ( p < 0 . 006 ) , and EPI and NE ( p < 0 . 0005 ) levels were observed . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P10646 and P08246	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Measurements were made of plasma corticosterone ( COR ) , norepinephrine ( NE ) , epinephrine ( EPI ) , dihydroxyphenylalanine ( DOPA ) , dihydroxyphenylglycol ( DHPG ) and dihydroxyphenylacetic acid ( DOPAC ) under resting conditions , after transfer to the shock box ( novelty ) and at various times after footshock . ^^^ Three min after exposure to the shock chamber ( novelty stress ) there were significant increases in COR , EPI , NE and DHPG in both sexes , while DOPA increased only in females and DOPAC remained unchanged in both sexes . ^^^ Footshock produced a further increase in EPI , NE and DOPAC within 2 min , which lasted about 15 min . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P10646 and P08246	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
This study assessed the effects of dobutamine ( DOB ) , epinephrine ( EPI ) and norepinephrine ( NE ) on gastric tissue oxygenation indicated by gastric intramucosal pH ( pHi ) and hemodynamics in dogs subjected to endotoxic shock . ^^^ Twenty four dogs were assigned to four groups of 6 dogs each : endotoxin without catecholamine and endotoxin with DOB , or EPI or NE . ^^^ Catecholamines were infused at 0 . 1 , 0 . 4 and 1 . 6 micrograms / kg / min ( EPI and NE ) and 2 . 5 , 5 . 0 and 10 . 0 micrograms / kg / min ( DOB ) for 30 min at each rate . ^^^ EPI produced similar effects as NE . ^^^ DOB , NE and EPI further decreased pHi . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P10646 and P08246	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
A novel spectrophotometric method is described for the determination of epinephrine ( EP ) and norepinephrine ( NE ) . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P10646 and P08246	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Several findings based largely on lesions and drug manipulations within the amygdala suggest that norepinephrine ( NE ) systems in the amygdala contribute to enhancement of memory processes by epinephrine ( EPI ) . ^^^ However , no studies to date have directly measured changes in the release of NE in the amygdala after EPI injection . ^^^ In Experiment 1 , in vivo microdialysis was used to assess amygdala NE release after systemic injection of saline , EPI ( 0 . 1 or 0 . 3 mg / kg ) , and administration of an escapable footshock ( 0 . 8 mA , 1 s ) . ^^^ Both doses of EPI produced a significant elevation in NE release that persisted for up to 60 min . ^^^ The EPI induced elevation in amygdala NE release observed in Experiment 1 was attenuated by inactivation of the NTS . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P10646 and P08246	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
METHODS : Plasma epinephrine ( EP ) and norepinephrine ( NE ) levels were assessed in 20 syncope patients during tilt test ( 80 degrees , 15 min ) with and without isoproterenol ( ISP , 0 . 01 , 0 . 02 microg / kg / min ) . ^^^ In the negative response without ISP , NE showed a small statistical 1 . 7 fold increase at end of tilting and EP did not change during tilting . ^^^ When syncope occurred during tilting alone , a significant 11 . 7 fold increase in EP at syncope was registered concomitant with a small 2 . 5 fold increase in NE . ^^^ When patients experienced syncope during tilting with ISP , a significant 5 . 0 fold increase in EP at syncope was registered concomitant with a small 1 . 7 fold increase in NE . ^^^ CONCLUSIONS : An increase of NE levels may result in inhibition of syncope and an EP surge may be a triggering mechanism for neurally mediated syncope . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P10646 and P08246	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Lean rats had a significantly greater plasma epinephrine ( EPI ) response but a similar norepinephrine ( NE ) response compared with obese rats . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P10646 and P08246	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
The most striking significant increase compared with the baseline was observed during tumor isolation : The mean plasma epinephrine ( EPI ) and norepinephrine ( NE ) levels increased 32 . 86 fold and 25 . 92 fold , respectively , in the CO2LpA patients and 27 . 43 fold and 18 . 46 fold , respectively , in the HeLpA patients . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P10646 and P08246	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
ES ( 1 10 Hz ) produced frequency dependent increases in epinephrine ( Epi ) and norepinephrine ( NE ) output as measured in perfusate . ^^^ The ES induced increases in NE output , but not Epi output , were significantly greater in adrenal glands of SHRs than in those of WKY rats . ^^^ Hexamethonium ( 10 100 microM ) markedly inhibited the ES induced increases in Epi and NE output from adrenal glands of SHRs and WKY rats . ^^^ Atropine ( 0 . 3 3 microM ) inhibited the ES induced increases in Epi and NE output from adrenal glands of SHRs , but not from those of WKY rats . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P10646 and P08246	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Neurotransmitter hormonal assays from blood drawn immediately before , and 20 and 30 minutes after , starting the test included norepinephrine ( NE ) , epinephrine ( EPI ) , prolactin ( PRL ) , growth hormone ( GH ) and cortisol ( Cort ) . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P10646 and P08246	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Analysis of 9 fluorenylmethyloxycarbonyl derivatives of catecholamines by high performance liquid chromatography , liquid chromatography / mass spectrometry and tandem mass spectrometry . 9 Fluorenylmethyloxycarbonyl ( FMOC ) derivatives of catecholamines , including dopamine ( DA ; 3 , 4 dihydroxyphenethylamine ) , norepinephrine ( NE ; 2 amino 1 ( 3 , 4 dihydroxyphenyl ) ethanol ) and epinephrine ( EPI ; 1 phenyl 1 hydroxy 2 methylaminopropane ) as well as 3 , 4 dihydroxybenzylamine ( DHBA ) have been analyzed using high performance liquid chromatography coupled to fluorometric detection and atmospheric pressure chemical ionization mass spectrometry at low femtomole levels . ^^^ Protonated molecules of FMOC DA and FMOC DHBA as well as [ M + H H ( 2 ) O ] ( + ) ions of FMOC NE and FMOC EPI appear in their conventional mass spectra , and abundant fragments characteristic of catecholamines dominated the spectra . ^^^ Collision induced dissociation ( CID ) of electrospray generated protonated molecules of FMOC DA and FMOC DHBA as well as [ M + H H ( 2 ) O ] ( + ) ions of FMOC NE and FMOC EPI produced diagnostic product ion spectra . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P10646 and P08246	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
The effect of 24 h pretreatment with epinephrine ( EPI ) or norepinephrine ( NE ) on alpha ( 2 ) and beta adrenoceptor agonist induced , cAMP responses and G ( i 3 ) alpha protein expression was studied in primary cultures of rat superior cervical ganglionic ( SCG ) neurons . ^^^ A 24 h treatment of SCG neurons with EPI or NE induced desensitization of the cAMP response to the beta adrenoceptor agonist isoproterenol . ^^^ Simultaneously , EPI treatment increased the maximal inhibitory cAMP response to the alpha ( 2 ) adrenoceptor agonist UK 14 , 304 and NE was without effect . ^^^ Immunoblotting analyses of G ( i 3 ) alpha subunits revealed that 24 h EPI but not NE treatment induces a 3 to 4 fold increase in the expression of G ( i 3 ) alpha subunits . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P10646 and P08246	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
A capillary electrophoresis ( CE ) / indirect chemiluminescence ( CL ) detection method is described for monoamines , viz . , serotonin ( 5 HT ) , dopamine ( DA ) , epinephrine ( EP ) , and norepinephrine ( NE ) and for catechol ( CA ) . ^^^ Complete separation of 5 HT , DA , EP , NE and CA was achieved in less than 5 min . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P10646 and P08246	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
The infusion of exogenous ET 1 into an isolated , perfused adrenal gland preparation resulted in an increase in the basal release of norepinephrine ( NE ) and epinephrine ( EPI ) in control and DOCA salt hypertensive rats . ^^^ The role of endogenous ET on basal and nerve stimulated NE and EPI release was also examined . ^^^ An infusion of either BQ 123 ( 10 ( 7 ) mol / L ) , an ET ( A ) receptor antagonist , or BQ 788 ( 10 ( 7 ) mol / L ) , an ET ( B ) receptor antagonist , did not alter basal NE or EPI release in either control or DOCA salt hypertensive rats . ^^^ BQ 788 did not alter nerve stimulated release of NE and EPI . ^^^ In contrast , the nerve stimulated release of EPI , but not NE , was enhanced during BQ 123 infusion in DOCA salt hypertensive rats . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P10646 and P08246	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Endotoxemia is associated with increased sympathetic nerve activity and depletion of norepinephrine ( NE ) and epinephrine ( EPI ) contents in the adrenal gland and in sympathetically innervated tissues . ^^^ Aminoguanidine , a relatively selective iNOS inhibitor , completely prevented NE depletion in all tissues and partially prevented adrenal EPI depletion induced by LPS . ^^^ These results are consistent with the hypothesis that LPS induced production of NO plays a role in depletion of tissue NE and EPI . . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P10646 and P08246	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
We asked if `` advanced aging ' ' ( over age 80 ) enhanced the effects of early aging on plasma NE and epinephrine ( EPI ) concentrations at rest and in response to the cold pressor test ( CPT ) . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P10646 and P08246	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
The purpose of the present study was to examine the effects of administration of sublethal doses of O , O diethyl O p nitrophenyl phosphorothioate ( parathion ) on serum epinephrine ( EPI ) and norepinephrine ( NE ) , as well as on night time rat pineal melatonin synthesis , both in the presence and absence of propranolol , a beta adrenergic receptor antagonist . ^^^ Serum EPI was augmented at 01 : 00 h , but NE was increased at 01 : 00 and 23 : 00 h due to administration of the high dose of parathion ( 13 mg / kg ) . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P10646 and P08246	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Amlodipine did not alter the normal profile of resting or exercise induced metabolic [ plasma glucose , serum K+ , serum free fatty acid ( FFA ) ] and hormonal [ plasma cortisol , growth hormone , prolactin , insulin , epinephrine ( EPI ) and norepinephrine ( NE ) ] responses although plasma EPI concentrations dropped significantly lower ( p < 0 . 05 ) at 5 min and 15 min post exercise while on the calcium antagonist . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P10646 and P08246	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Blood samples , collected in identical conditions prior to a positron emission tomography ( PET ) study , were assayed for concentrations of epinephrine ( EPI ) , norepinephrine ( NE ) , and 3 methoxy 4 hydroxyphenylglycol ( DHPG ) ( which results from the degradation of NE by monoamine oxidase type A [ MAO A ] ) . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P10646 and P08246	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
METHODS : Plasma levels catecholamines ( epinephrine EPI , norepinephrine NE ) were estimated by radioenzymatic assay and these of corticosterone by competitive protein binding assay . ^^^ RESULTS : The plasma level of norepinephrine ( NE ) , epinephrine ( EPI ) and corticosterone rapidly increased 20 min . after PH or sham operation ( laparotomy ) . ^^^ Although the increase of plasma NE was about the same after both PH and laparotomy , that of EPI and corticosterone in PH rats was significantly higher as compared to the laparotomy . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P10646 and P08246	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
In the early ( wk 6 ) , middle ( wk 9 ) , and late ( wk 14 ) stages of gestation , blood and urine were collected over 24 h to monitor diurnal changes in plasma cortisol , urinary cortisol , and urinary catecholamines ( norepinephrine [ NE ] and epinephrine [ EPI ] ) . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P10646 and P08246	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
In both groups , epinephrine ( Epi ) and norepinephrine ( NE ) were infused in the portal vein during the blockade test period to create suprapharmacological levels at the liver . ^^^ Despite greater arterial Epi and NE levels in HAB compared with controls during the basal and exercise periods , exercise induced increases in catecholamines from basal were similar in both groups . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P10646 and P08246	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
In intense exercise ( > 80 % maximal oxygen consumption [ VO 2 max ] ) , the 7 to 8 fold increase in glucose production ( Ra ) is tightly correlated with the greater than 14 fold increase in plasma norepinephrine ( NE ) and epinephrine ( EPI ) . ^^^ Ph subjects showed a more rapid , marked increment ( P = . 002 ) in both plasma NE ( to 64 v 38 nmol / L ) and EPI at exhaustion , and catecholamine concentrations remained higher in Ph versus C subjects during recovery . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P10646 and P08246	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Thresholds for blood lactate ( T ( La ) ) , epinephrine ( T ( Epi ) ) and norepinephrine ( T ( NE ) ) were determined for each subject under both exercise conditions and defined as breakpoints when plotted as a function of power output . ^^^ RESULTS : When the two modes of exercise were compared , T ( La ) , T ( Epi ) , and T ( NE ) were all significantly lower for 1 arm cranking than for 2 leg cycling ( P < 0 . 01 ) . ^^^ During 1 arm cranking , T ( La ) ( 0 . 96 + / 0 . 10 L 10 min ( 1 ) ) , T ( Epi ) ( 1 . 02 + / 0 . 07 L 10 min ( 1 ) ) , and T ( NE ) ( 1 . 07 + / 0 . 09 L 10 min ( 1 ) ) occurred simultaneously . ^^^ During 2 leg cycling , T ( La ) ( 1 . 77 + / 0 . 20 L 10 min ( 1 ) ) , T ( Epi ) ( 1 . 74 + / 0 . 17 L 10 min ( 1 ) ) , and T ( NE ) ( 1 . 98 + / 0 . 17 L 10 min ( 1 ) ) occurred at similar levels of VO 2 and were not significantly different . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P10646 and P08246	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Using cardiac microdialysis in the rabbit , we measured dialysate Epi and norepinephrine ( NE ) concentrations as indices of myocardial interstitial Epi and NE levels , respectively . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P10646 and P08246	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
BACKGROUND : The effects of aging on sympathetic nervous system and adrenomedullary outflow were estimated by the measurement of plasma norepinephrine ( NE ) and epinephrine ( EPI ) responses to yohimbine and clonidine in healthy young and healthy older subjects . ^^^ NE and EPI were measured by radioenzymatic assay in plasma samples obtained before and 30 , 60 , and 90 minutes after drug administration . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P10646 and P08246	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Increased epinephrine ( Epi ) and norepinephrine ( NE ) production plays an important role in fetal adaptation to reduced oxygen and / or nutrient availability , inhibiting insulin secretion and slowing growth to support more essential processes . ^^^ To assess the importance of hypoinsulinemia for the efficacy of catecholamines , normoinsulinemia was restored by intravenous insulin infusion ( 0 . 18 mU . kg ( 1 ) . min ( 1 ) ) during prolonged infusion of either Epi ( 0 . 25 0 . 35 microgram . kg ( 1 ) . min ( 1 ) for 12 days , n = 7 ) or NE ( 0 . 5 0 . 7 microgram . kg ( 1 ) . min ( 1 ) for 7 days , n = 6 ) into normoxemic fetuses in twin pregnant ewes , from 125 127 days of gestation . ^^^ Insulin infusion for 8 days during Epi infusion or for 4 days during NE infusion decreased arterial blood pressure , O ( 2 ) content , and plasma glucose , but increased heart rate significantly ( all P < 0 . 05 ) , despite continuation of Epi or NE infusion . ^^^ Estimated growth of fetuses infused with insulin during Epi or NE infusion ( 55 + / 13 . 9 and 83 + / 15 . 2 g / day ) did not differ significantly from that of untreated controls ( 72 + / 15 . 4 g / day , n = 6 ) . ^^^ Restoration of normoinsulinemia evidently counteracts the redistribution of metabolic activity and decreased anabolism brought about by Epi or NE in the fetus . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P10646 and P08246	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Using cardiac microdialysis in the rabbit , we measured dialysate Epi and NE concentrations as indices of myocardial interstitial Epi and NE levels , respectively . ^^^ Local administration of sodium cyanide ( 30 mM ) through the dialysis probe increased both Epi and NE levels ( from 11 . 3+ / 2 . 3 to 32 . 3+ / 4 . 4 pg / ml and from 33 . 6+ / 6 . 1 to 389 . 0+ / 71 . 8 pg / ml , respectively , mean+ / S . ^^^ Local desipramine ( 100 microM ) administration suppressed the cyanide induced NE response without affecting the Epi response . ^^^ In contrast , local omega conotoxin GVIA ( 10 microM ) administration partially suppressed the cyanide induced NE response and totally abolished the Epi response . ^^^ In conclusion , cyanide intoxication causes N type Ca ( 2+ ) channel dependent exocytotic Epi release as well as inducing N type Ca ( 2+ ) channel independent non exocytotic NE release . . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P10646 and P08246	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
The small conductance Ca ( 2+ ) activated K ( + ) ( SK ( Ca ) ) channel blocker apamin ( 10 100 nM ) enhanced the transmural electrical stimulation ( ES ; 1 10 Hz ) and 1 , 1 dimethyl 4 phenyl piperazinium ( DMPP ; 5 40 microM ) induced increases in norepinephrine ( NE ) output , whereas it did not affect the epinephrine ( Epi ) responses . ^^^ These results suggest that SK ( Ca ) channels play an inhibitory role in adrenal catecholamine secretion mediated by muscarinic receptors and also in the nicotinic receptor mediated secretion of NE , but not of Epi . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P10646 and P08246	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Plasma levels of norepinephrine ( NE ) , epinephrine ( EPI ) , adrenocorticotropic hormone ( ACTH ) , beta endorphin ( beta EP ) , cortisol ( CORT ) , growth hormone ( GH ) , prolactin ( PRL ) and testosterone ( Te ) were measured immediately before the beginning of the tests and 30 min later at their end . ^^^ There was no difference in NE , EPI , CORT and Te prestress levels in the two groups . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P10646 and P08246	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Plasma vasoactive hormone concentrations [ epinephrine ( p ( Epi ) ) , norepinephrine ( p ( NE ) ) , ANG 2 ( p ( ANG 2 ) ) , vasopressin ( p ( VP ) ) , endothelin 1 ( p ( ET 1 ) ) ] and plasma renin activity ( p ( RA ) ) were measured periodically and compared during lower body negative pressure ( LBNP ) to test the hypothesis that responsiveness of the renin angiotensin system , the latter being one of the most powerful vasoconstrictors in the body , is of major importance for LBNP tolerance . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P10646 and P08246	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
In young individuals , orthostatic intolerance is associated with marked increases in plasma epinephrine ( EPI ) concentrations and attenuated rises in plasma norepinephrine ( NE ) concentrations . ^^^ This study investigated the cardiovascular , EPI and NE responses of healthy elderly males during orthostatic stress . ^^^ Blood samples obtained during supine rest and 90 degrees HUT were analyzed for changes in EPI and NE concentrations , hematocrit , hemoglobin and plasma volume . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P10646 and P08246	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
In conclusion , in the conscious dog , the direct effects of NE and EPI on HGP are predominantly mediated through alpha ( 1 ) and beta ( 2 ) adrenergic receptors , respectively . . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P10646 and P08246	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
In all instances , the time of peak plasma Epi and NE preceded peak GH release . ^^^ Plasma concentrations of Epi and NE always peaked at 20 min after the onset of Ex , whereas times to peak for GH were 54 + / 6 ( SE ) , 44 + / 5 , 38 + / 4 , 38 + / 4 , and 37 + / 2 min after the onset of Ex for 0 . 25 1 . 75LT , respectively . ^^^ ANOVA revealed that intensity of exercise did not affect the foregoing time delay between peak NE or Epi and peak GH ( range 17 24 min ) , with the exception of 0 . 25LT ( P < 0 . 05 ) . ^^^ Furthermore , within subject multiple regression analysis indicated that the significant GH increment associated with an antecedent rise in NE ( P = 0 . 02 ) could not be explained by changes in Epi alone ( P = 0 . 77 ) . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P10646 and P08246	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Darkened eyespots reflect rapid changes in plasma NE , DA , and Epi that may signal dominant social status . . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P10646 and P08246	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Plasma concentrations of norepinephrine ( NE ) , epinephrine ( EPI ) , adrenocorticotropic hormone ( ACTH ) , cortisol ( CORT ) and prolactin ( PRL ) were measured immediately before the beginning of the tests and at their end , 30 min later , on both experimental days . ^^^ For the total group , NE , EPI , ACTH , and CORT levels were significantly elevated , and PRL levels were significantly decreased , after stress exposure on day 1 . ^^^ In contrast , NE and EPI responses to stress were not significantly blunted , and PRL response was unchanged on day 8 . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P10646 and P08246	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Fasting blood was sampled daily ( 0700 ) in males ( n = 8 ) and on alternating days in females ( n = 8 ) for measurements of leptin , insulin , norepinephrine ( NE ) , epinephrine ( Epi ) , growth hormone ( GH ) , cortisol , nonesterified fatty acid ( NEFA ) , and glucose . ^^^ GH , NE , Epi , and cortisol levels were unaltered . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P10646 and P08246	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
We examined the relationship between energy expenditure ( in kcal ) and epinephrine ( Epi ) , norepinephrine ( NE ) , and growth hormone ( GH ) release . ^^^ From 0700 to 1300 , blood was sampled and assayed for GH , Epi , and NE . ^^^ The relationship between exercise intensity and CHO expenditure during exercise could not be explained by either Epi ( P = 1 . 00 ) or NE ( P = 0 . 922 ) , whereas fat expenditure during recovery increased with Epi and GH independently of exercise intensity ( P = 0 . 028 ) . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P10646 and P08246	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Binding of ISO , EPI , and NE revealed two affinity states of the betaAR ; the high affinity state was eliminated by adding Gpp ( NH ) p , a nonhydrolyzable GTP analogue . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P10646 and P08246	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Tissue concentrations of norepinephrine ( NE ) , epinephrine ( Epi ) , DA , DOPA , and 3 , 4 dihydroxyphenylacetic acid ( DOPAC ) , as measured by reverse phase HPLC with electrochemical detection , were studied in fed and 4 day fasted Wistar rats as well as in sympathectomized and adrenodemedullated rats . ^^^ Sympathectomy and adrenal demedullectomy decreased tissue concentrations of NE and Epi , respectively , but had no effect on the level of tissue DOPA . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P10646 and P08246	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Because presynaptic cholinergic neuron numbers are substantially reduced in Alzheimer ' s disease ( AD ) , we predicted decreased responsiveness in AD of plasma norepinephrine ( NE ) , an estimate of SN activity , and of epinephrine ( EPI ) , an estimate of SAM activity , to central cholinergic stimulation by the cholinesterase inhibitor physostigmine ( 0 . 0125 mg / kg i . v . ) . ^^^ Because previous studies have demonstrated that normal human aging increases SN activity but not SAM activity , we specifically hypothesized : ( 1 ) a smaller NE response to physostigmine in subjects with mild to moderate AD ( n=11 ; age 72+ / 2 yrs ; mini mental state exam [ MMSE ] scores of 19+ / 2 ) than in healthy older subjects ( n=20 ; age 71+ / 1 yrs ) ; and ( 2 ) a smaller EPI response in AD subjects than in either healthy older or healthy young subjects ( n=9 ; age 27+ / 2 yrs ) . ^^^ Unexpectedly , the plasma NE increase following physostigmine only achieved significance in AD subjects and plasma EPI responses were greater in both AD and older subjects than in young subjects . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P10646 and P08246	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Epinephrine ( EPI ) and norepinephrine ( NE ) , secretion patterns evoked by reflex ( to hypotension and hypoglycemia ) and direct neural stimulation of the adrenal medulla were measured in pentobarbital anesthetized male Sprague Dawley rats . ^^^ Similarly , in response to stimulation of the splanchnic nerve , frequency related increments in EPI and NE were elicited with EPI release being greater than NE at all frequencies . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P10646 and P08246	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
The current study examined whether or not the activation of Bezold Jarisch reflex with administration of phenylbiguanide ( PBG , 100 microg / kg ) into right atrium elicits differential responses in the two populations of adrenal sympathetic preganglionic neurons ( SPNs ) regulating the release of epinephrine ( EPI ADR SPNs ) and norepinephrine ( NE ADR SPNs ) , respectively , from adrenal medullary chromaffin cells . ^^^ Twenty three EPI ADR SPNs and 25 NE ADR SPNs were antidromically activated by stimulation of left adrenal nerve and orthodromically activated by rostral ventrolateral medulla ( RVLM ) stimulation . ^^^ At a mean arterial pressure ( MAP ) of 99 . 6+ / 2 . 8 mmHg , the mean spontaneous discharge rates of EPI ADR SPNs and NE ADR SPNs were 6 . 2+ / 0 . 5 and 4 . 3+ / 0 . 5 spikes / s , respectively . ^^^ Intra atrial PBG markedly inhibited 96 % of EPI ADR SPNs ( by 3 . 8+ / 0 . 4 spikes / s ; n=22 ) and 76 % of NE ADR SPNs ( by 2 . 9+ / 0 . 5 spikes / s ; n=19 ) with hypotensive responses ( DeltaMAP=33 . 2+ / 5 . 3 and 26 . 4+ / 5 . 0 mmHg , respectively ) . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P10646 and P08246	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
CLN or EPI injection produced a significant increase in NE sampled from the AMYG . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P10646 and P08246	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Adrenal NE and epinephrine ( EPI ) content were not altered by the treatments at 4 degrees C or 22 degrees C . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P10646 and P08246	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
The prolonged exercise resulted in increases ( p < 0 . 05 ) in plasma vasopressin ( AVP ) , plasma rennin activity ( PRA ) , aldosterone ( ALD ) , atrial naturetic peptide ( alpha ANP ) , and the catecholamines norepinephrine ( NE ) and epinephrine ( EPI ) . ^^^ PVX blunted the increases ( p < 0 . 05 ) in AVP , PRA , ALD , NE and EPI , during the exercise itself . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P10646 and P08246	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Changes in body temperature and in the plasma concentrations of corticosterone , norepinephrine ( NE ) , and epinephrine ( Epi ) induced by restraint or lipopolysaccharide ( LPS ) induced stress were examined . ^^^ Although restraint stress induced significant increases in NE and Epi in the control and 30 min stress groups , the plasma levels of these catecholamines did not increase in the 240 min stress group . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P10646 and P08246	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Blood was taken for lactate concentration ( [ LA ] ) , epinephrine concentration ( [ Epi ] ) , norepinephrine concentration ( [ NE ] ) , plasma renin activity ( PRA ) , human growth hormone concentration ( [ hGH ] ) , testosterone , and cortisol determination . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P10646 and P08246	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Using a cardiac microdialysis technique , we measured dialysate norepinephrine ( NE ) and epinephrine ( Epi ) concentrations as indices of myocardial interstitial NE and Epi levels . respectively , in rabbits with chronic adriamycin treatment ( ADR ) ( 4 mg / kg / week , 6 weeks , n = 8 ) and in control rabbits ( CNT ) ( n = 6 ) . ^^^ Basal levels of NE and Epi did not differ between the ADR and CNT groups ( NE , 11 . 6 + / 6 . 6 vs . 20 . 4 + / 17 . 2 pg / ml ; Epi , 4 . 0 + / 0 . 1 vs . 4 . 6 + / 1 . 7 pg / ml : mean + / SD ) . ^^^ The exocytotic release was suppressed in the ADR compared with the CNT group ( NE , 191 . 4 + / 144 . 7 vs . 760 . 5 + / 337 . 8 pg / ml ; p < 0 . 05 : Epi , 4 . 2 + / 0 . 4 vs . 20 . 8 + / 9 . 9 pg / ml ; p < 0 . 05 ) . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P10646 and P08246	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Epi and norepinephrine ( NE ) increased 60 and 3 fold , respectively . ^^^ However , the gain of the reflex increase in plasma Epi ( Deltaplasma Epi / Deltaplasma glucose ) and the overall Epi and NE responses were similar in all groups . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P10646 and P08246	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Plasma concentrations of norepinephrine ( NE ) , epinephrine ( EPI ) , adrenocorticotropic hormone ( ACTH ) and cortisol ( CORT ) , heart rate ( HR ) and systolic blood pressure ( SBP ) were measured immediately before the beginning of the tests and at their end , 30 min later , on both experimental days . ^^^ NE , EPI , ACTH , and CORT levels were significantly elevated after stress exposure on day 1 and day 8 in PBO group subjects . ^^^ After PVG treatment , on day 8 , ACTH , CORT , NE and EPI responses to stress were significantly blunted , together with HR and SBP , in PVG group subjects . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P10646 and P08246	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
The timing of elevated plasma and lymph concentrations of Epi and norepinephrine ( NE ) corresponded with the increased lymph flow . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P10646 and P08246	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Adrenal epinephrine ( EPI ) and norepinephrine ( NE ) as well as CA synthesizing and degrading enzymes were not significantly changed in the animals after flight on COSMOS 782 . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P10646 and P08246	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
However , when MAP was increased within comparable magnitude , NE MCR was decreased during NE and increased during epinephrine ( Epi ) infusion . ^^^ At variance with humans , very high plasma Epi concentrations have to be induced to increase NE SOR in resting rats . ^^^ Within the range of Epi concentrations with no effect on NE SOR , an increase of NE release was revealed when the presynaptic alpha ( 2 ) adrenoreceptors were partially inhibited by yohimbine . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P10646 and P08246	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
For the catecholamines norepinephrine ( NE ) and epinephrine ( EPI ) only NE was higher during exercise with DIU compared to CON ( p < 0 . 05 ) . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P10646 and P08246	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
We elucidated the functional contribution of voltage dependent calcium channels ( VDCCs ) and adenylate cyclase to epinephrine ( Epi ) and norepinephrine ( NE ) secretion induced by pituitary adenylate cyclase activating polypeptide ( PACAP ) in the isolated perfused rat adrenal gland . ^^^ PACAP increased Epi and NE output , which was inhibited by perfusion with calcium free solution or by nifedipine , an L type VDCC blocker . ^^^ MDL 12330A , an adenylate cyclase inhibitor , inhibited the PACAP induced increase in Epi , but not NE , output . ^^^ These results suggest that opening of L type VDCCs is responsible for adrenal catecholamine secretion induced by PACAP and that activation of adenylate cyclase is involved in the PACAP induced Epi , but not NE , secretion . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P10646 and P08246	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
This study tested the hypothesis that exogenous infusion of angiotensin 2 ( ANG 2 ) leads to the release of catecholamines [ norepinephrine ( NE ) and epinephrine ( EPI ) ] into the cardiac interstitial fluid ( ISF ) space of dogs with adrenals intact ( AI ) ( n = 7 ) and with adrenals clamped ( AC ) ( n = 5 ) . ^^^ However , during ANG 2 infusions , aorta plasma EPI levels increased fourfold in AI dogs , whereas in AC dogs , CS NE and EPI levels were unaffected during ANG 2 infusions . ^^^ Nevertheless , baseline ISF NE and EPI did not differ and increased to a similar extent during ANG 2 infusions in AI versus AC dogs . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P10646 and P08246	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Some of the specific loci involved are dopamine genes DRD 2 , DRD 4 , DRD 5 , and the dopamine transporter ; norepinephrine ( NE ) and epinephrine ( EPI ) genes dopamine beta hydroxylase , ADRA2A , ADRA2C , PNMT , norepinephrine transporter , MAOA , COMT ; serotonin genes TDO 2 , HTR1A , HTR1DA , serotonin transporter ; GABA genes GABRB 3 ; androgen receptor and other genes . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P10646 and P08246	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Blood samples were drawn for glucose , glucose kinetics , free fatty acids ( FFA ) , glycerol , insulin , epinephrine ( EPI ) , and norepinephrine ( NE ) determination . ^^^ At exhaustion , glucose , insulin , FFA , glycerol , EPI , NE , RER , and muscle glycogen were not different between trials . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P10646 and P08246	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Epinephrine ( EP ) , nor epinephrine ( NE ) , dopamine ( DA ) , and L dopa ( LD ) were determined by using coloring oxidization to aminochromes by sodium metaperiodate . ^^^ The relative standard deviations for 10 microg mL ( 1 ) solution were 1 . 08 , 2 . 18 , 2 . 2 , and 2 . 5 % for EP , NE , DA , and LD , respectively . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P10646 and P08246	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Adrenal sympathetic preganglionic neurons ( ADR SPNs ) regulating the chromaffin cell release of epinephrine ( Epi ADR SPNs ) and those controlling norepinephrine ( NE ADR SPNs ) secretion have been distinguished on the basis of their responses to stimulation in the rostral ventrolateral medulla , to glucopenia produced by 2 deoxyglucose , and to activation of the baroreceptor reflex . ^^^ The mean spontaneous discharge rates of 38 NE ADR SPNs and 51 Epi ADR SPNs were 4 . 4 + / 0 . 4 and 5 . 6 + / 0 . 4 spikes / s at mean arterial pressures of 98 + / 3 and 97 + / 3 mmHg , respectively . ^^^ These observations suggest that the network controlling the spontaneous discharge of NE ADR SPNs is more sensitive to brief arterial chemoreceptor reflex activation than is that regulating the activity of Epi ADR SPNs . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P10646 and P08246	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Short term fractal scaling exponent ( alpha 1 ) along with spectral components of HR variability were analysed during the following pharmacological interventions in healthy subjects : ( 1 ) noradrenaline ( NE ) infusion ( n=22 ) , ( 2 ) NE infusion after phentolamine ( PHE ) ( n=8 ) , ( 3 ) combined NE + adrenaline ( EPI ) infusion ( n=12 ) , ( 4 ) vagal blockade with high dose of atropine ( n=10 ) , ( 5 ) and vagal activation by low dose of atropine ( n=10 ) . ^^^ Combined NE + EPI infusion and vagal activation with a low dose atropine did not result in any changes in alpha 1 , and alpha adrenergic blockade by PHE did not completely reverse the effects of NE on alpha 1 . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P10646 and P08246	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
The 60 , 90 , and 120 minute GDR correlated significantly with serum high density lipoprotein ( HDL ) cholesterol ( r= . 59 , r= . 50 , and r= . 53 , respectively ) , heart rate ( HR ) during MST ( r = . 65 , r = . 64 , and r = . 58 , respectively ) and plasma epinephrine ( Epi ) ( r = . 55 , r= . 58 , and r = . 56 , respectively ) and norepinephrine ( NE ) ( r = . 52 , r = . 49 , and r = . 48 , respectively ) 1 minute after announcement of the MST ( all P < . 05 ) . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P10646 and P08246	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
The effects of reserpine , serotonin ( 5 HT ) , norepinephrine ( NE ) , epinephrine ( EP ) , both alone and in combination , were studied . ^^^ Strial K+ NPPase activity was decreased after reserpine or dopamine treatment , and was increased after 5 HT , NE , and EP treatment . ^^^ After reserpinization , repeated treatment with 5 HT , NE , or EP led to detectable strial enzyme activity . ^^^ Thus , exogenous 5 HT , NE , and EP were able to restore strial K+ NPPase activity in the reserpine treated animals . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P10646 and P08246	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
The effects of EPI and NE on the aggregation response may contribute to the mechanism of increased thrombotic risk present in certain pathophysiological and disease states . . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P10646 and P08246	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
The nighttime fall in both norepinephrine ( NE ) and epinephrine ( EPI ) excretion rates was reduced in nondippers compared with dippers ( NE dip 9 . 3 5 13 . 1 microg / mg ; EPI dip 2 . 7 5 4 . 0 microg / mg ; both P < . 05 ) . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P10646 and P08246	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Dopamine ( DA ) , 5 hydroxytryptophan ( 5 HTP ) , serotonin ( 5 HT ) , 5 hydroxy indole acetic acid ( 5 HIAA ) , norepinephrine ( NE ) and epinephrine ( EPI ) contents were assayed in the hypothalamus and cerebral cortex regions . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P10646 and P08246	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
During the experimentally induced aggressiveness , plasma adrenocorticotropic hormone ( ACTH ) , cortisol ( CORT ) and growth hormone ( GH ) concentrations increased significantly less and norepinephrine ( NE ) and epinephrine ( EPI ) levels , together with heart rate ( HR ) , significantly more in methadone subjects than in healthy subjects . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P10646 and P08246	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
By the end of experiment , blood and hypothalamus samples were collected to measure plasma insulin ( 1 ) concentrations , insulin sensitivity index ( ISI ) , plasma norepinphine ( NE ) , epinphin ( EPI ) and beta endorphin ( beta EP ) concentrations . ^^^ There was significant difference in plasma NE and EPI concentrations among groups , and Group A showed marked increase . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P10646 and P08246	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
No difference was found in norepinephrine ( NE ) and epinephrine ( EPI ) basal levels of the two groups . ^^^ During the experimentally induced aggressiveness , plasma ACTH concentrations increased significantly less and NE and EPI levels , together with heart rate ( HR ) , increased significantly more in Ecstasy users than in healthy subjects . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P10646 and P08246	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Phenylethanolamine N methyltransferase ( PNMT ) , the terminal enzyme of the catecholamine biosynthesis pathway , catalyzes the conversion of norepinephrine ( NE ) to epinephrine ( EPI ) . ^^^ PNMT is known to map to a region identified in two genome screens for MS and it directly regulates the amounts of NE and EPI , both of which play a significant role in the modulation of the innate immune response . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P10646 and P08246	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Forced immobilization is a simple and effective stressor which produces large increases in heart rate ( HR ) , blood pressure ( BP ) , and plasma levels of norepinephrine ( NE ) and epinephrine ( EPI ) . ^^^ Blood ( for HPLC determination of NE and EPI ) , mean BP , and HR were sampled at rest and during the immobilization stress at 15 , 30 , 60 , 90 , 120 , 150 , and 180 min . ^^^ Electroacupuncture at HT 3 and PC 6 points but not at control points ( TE 5 , LI 11 , and tail ) significantly reduced the expected increases in BP , HR , and attenuated plasma levels of NE and EPI in response to 3 h of immobilization stress . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P10646 and P08246	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
According to Kaplan Meier estimations , patients with higher levels of dopamine , norepinephrine ( NE ) and aromatic l amino acid decarboxylase as well as lower ratios of EPI / EPI+NE , had significantly shorter metastases free intervals . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P10646 and P08246	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
DOPAC levels , but not norepinephrine ( NE ) and epinephrine ( EPI ) levels , increased upon exposure to these stresses . ^^^ The NE and EPI levels in plasma measured using the decapitation method were much higher than those using the catheter method under basal conditions . ^^^ In contrast , differences in the levels of DOPAC in plasma were smaller than those of NE and EPI under basal conditions using in both methods ; furthermore parallel changes in plasma DOPAC levels occurred during restraint and water immersion stresses . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P10646 and P08246	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
The effects of Epi on the sympathetic nervous system ( SNS ) activity assessed by plasma NE levels and spectral analysis of systolic BP and heart rate variability and on plasma levels of glycerol , non esterified fatty acids , glucose , and insulin and on energy expenditure were evaluated . ^^^ The beta and alpha adrenergic sensitivity of fat cells were not modified by HDBR nor were plasma NE levels and spectral variability of systolic BP induced by Epi infusion . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P10646 and P08246	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Tyrosine hydroxylase ( TH ) catalyzes the rate limiting step in the biosynthesis of these biogenic amines ( dopamine ( DA ) , norepinephrine ( NE ) , and epinephrine ( EPI ) ) . ^^^ The following concentrations were found in the intracellular region and in the medium , respectively : NE = 284 + / 31 and 134 + / 22 , EPI = 75 + / 14 and 22 + / 5 , and DA = 42 + / 14 , 40 + / 20 pg / mg cell protein . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P10646 and P08246	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
This new system was applied for analysis of catecholamine related compounds in pig brain , since pigs are a widely used animal model for transgenic manipulation of neural genes , and MHPG ( or VMA ) , DOPAC , DOPA , NE , EP , DA , 5HTP and 5HIAA were quantified . . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P10646 and P08246	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Males viewing an opponent with eyespots painted black exhibited higher plasma epinephrine ( Epi ) , norepinephrine ( NE ) , and dopamine ( DA ) levels than males with eyespots hidden with green paint and isolated controls . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P10646 and P08246	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
These results indicate that the synthesis and ( or ) metabolism of NE , DA , EPI and 5 HT , and the levels of ASP , GLU and GABA in rat brains were differentially regionally altered by JS , which may contribute to the central manifestations of JS treatment . . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P10646 and P08246	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Concentrations of norepinephrine ( NE ) and EPI were relatively constant throughout a nesting season , and not significantly related to restraint time , reproductive investment or nesting habitat . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P10646 and P08246	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Ang 2 stimulates norepinephrine ( NE ) , epinephrine ( EP ) and NPY release from perifused chromaffin cells by 3 , 2 and 12 fold , respectively . ^^^ We found that the receptor AT ( 2 ) agonist , T ( 2 ) ( Ang 2 4 8 ) ( 2 ) has no effect on NE , EP and NPY release from chromaffin cells . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P10646 and P08246	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Concentrations of NE = 57 + / 8 , EPI = 82 + / 10 , and DA = 52 + / 9 pg / mg protein ( 10 + / SEM ) were found in the cell homogenate . ^^^ The culture medium showed concentrations of NE = 25 + / 3 , EPI = 33 + / 3 , and DA = 62 + / 15 pg / mg protein . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P10646 and P08246	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
METHODS : Antecubital venous blood drawn via an indwelling cannula with the subject supine was assayed for catecholamines ( NE , epinephrine [ EPI ] ) , dihydroxyphenylglycol ( DHPG ) , and metanephrines ( normetanephrine [ NMN ] and metanephrine [ MN ] ) in patients with PAF , PD + NOH , or MSA + NOH . ^^^ The PAF group had low NE , DHPG , NMN , EPI , and MN levels , the group with MSA + NOH had generally normal levels , and the PD + NOH group low NMN levels and low DHPG levels for given NE levels but normal mean NE , EPI , and MN levels . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P10646 and P08246	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Blockade of EPI synthesis with i . p . 2 , 3 dichloro alpha methylbenzylamine ( DCMB ) or LY 134046 was found to produce marked behavioral inactivity which could be significantly reversed by intraventricular injection of EPI and by three other alpha ( 1 ) adrenoceptor agonists , norepinephrine ( NE ) , 6 fluoronorepinephrine ( 6FNE ) , and phenylephrine ( PE ) , as well as by serotonin ( 5HT ) . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P10646 and P08246	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
If norepinephrine ( NE ) plus epinephrine ( Epi ) infusion during ME produces the plasma levels and R ( a ) of IE , this would prove them capable of mediating these responses . ^^^ Male subjects underwent 40 min of 53 % O ( 2max ) exercise , eight each with saline ( control [ CON ] ) , or with combined NE + Epi ( combined catecholamine infusion [ CCI ] ) infusion from min 26 40 . ^^^ In CON and CCI , NE levels reached 7 . 3 + / 0 . 7 and 33 . 1 + / 2 . 9 nmol / l , Epi 0 . 94 + / 0 . 08 and 7 . 06 + / 0 . 44 nmol / l , and R ( a ) 3 . 8 + / 0 . 4 and 12 . 9 + / 0 . 8 mg . kg ( 1 ) . min ( 1 ) ( P < 0 . 001 ) , respectively , at 40 min . ^^^ Comparing CCI data to those from 14 min IE ( n = 16 ) , peak NE ( 33 . 6 + / 5 . 1 nmol / l ) , Epi ( 5 . 32 + / 0 . 93 nmol / l ) , and R ( a ) ( 13 . 0 + / 1 . 0 mg . kg ( 1 ) . min ( 1 ) ) were comparable . ^^^ The induced increments in NE , Epi , and R ( a ) , all of the same magnitude as in IE , strongly support that circulating catecholamines can be the prime regulators of R ( a ) in IE . . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P10646 and P08246	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
METHODS : Before and after exercise , blood pressure ( BP ) , impedance derived cardiovascular measures , and plasma norepinephrine ( NE ) and epinephrine ( EPI ) were assessed during mental arithmetic and active speech tasks , and beta adrenergic receptor responsivity was assessed using a standard isoproterenol challenge procedure . ^^^ RESULTS : After exercise , BP , NE , and EPI responses to stress were reduced ( 0 . 0001 < P < 0 . 08 ) , preejection period ( PEP ) was elongated ( P < 0 . 0001 ) , and beta ( 1 ) and beta ( 2 ) receptor responsivity ( P < 0 . 02 ) was enhanced . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P10646 and P08246	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
We investigated whether the valence of the stimuli differentially affected neuroendocrine responses by comparing neutral , pleasant and unpleasant pictures on heart rate ( HR ) , systolic ( SBP ) and diastolic blood pressure ( DBP ) , methyl OH phenyl glycol ( MHPG ) , norepinephrine ( NE ) , epinephrine ( EPI ) , adrenocorticotrophic hormone ( ACTH ) and cortisol ( CORT ) plasma levels . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P10646 and P08246	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Subjective ratings of craving and anxiety , cardiovascular measures , and plasma levels of adrenocorticotrophic hormone ( ACTH ) , cortisol , prolactin , norepinephrine ( NE ) and epinephrine ( EPI ) were assessed . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P10646 and P08246	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
BACKGROUND : This study tested the hypothesis that beta 1 adrenoreceptor blockade modulates the angiotensin 2 ( Ang 2 ) evoked neural release of norepinephrine ( NE ) and epinephrine ( Epi ) into the cardiac interstitial fluid ( ISF ) space in experimentally induced mitral regurgitation ( MR ) in the dog . ^^^ Ang 2 infusion into the left atrium produced increases in ISF NE and Epi in normal dogs , which were further increased in 2 and 4 week MR dogs but were restored to normal in 4 week MR+beta1 RB dogs . ^^^ Ang 2 infusion produced 4 fold increases in circulating NE and Epi in 2 and 4 week MR dogs that returned to normal in 4 week+beta1 RB dogs . ^^^ CONCLUSIONS : beta 1 RB decreases renin angiotensin system sympathostimulation and activation by attenuating the Ang 2 mediated NE and Epi release into the cardiac ISF and circulation and by decreasing left ventricular angiotensin converting enzyme expression in the early phases of volume overload . . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P10646 and P08246	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Withdrawal symptoms , mood changes , cardiovascular indexes ( heart rate , blood pressure ) , norepinephrine ( NE ) , epinephrine ( EPI ) , adrenocorticotropic hormone ( ACTH ) and cortisol ( CORT ) were evaluated during naloxone naltrexone administration on the second day of detoxification treatment . ^^^ Slight and transient withdrawal symptoms and mood changes were demonstrated on the second day in the whole sample of patients , in association with a significant , but moderate , elevation of heart rate , blood pressure , NE ( two fold ) , EPI ( five fold ) , ACTH ( two fold ) and CORT ( two fold ) plasma levels , in response to opioid receptor antagonist administration . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P10646 and P08246	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Norepinephrine ( NE ) and epinephrine ( Epi ) help maintain normal blood glucose levels by stimulating glucagon release , glycogenolysis , and food consumption , and by inhibiting insulin release . ^^^ The absence of NE and Epi in dopamine beta hydroxylase null ( Dbh / ) mice results in chronically low blood glucose levels , an impaired glucagon response to hypoglycemia , and elevated insulin levels . ^^^ However , these animals compensate for NE / Epi mediated glycogenolysis and feeding . . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P10646 and P08246	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
We used mice deficient in dopamine beta hydroxylase [ Dbh ( / ) ] and their littermate controls [ Dbh ( + / ) ] to examine the role of epinephrine ( Epi ) and norepinephrine ( NE ) in the maintenance of cardiovascular parameters during 7 days of caloric restriction and acute exposure to environmental stress . ^^^ These data suggest a primary role of Epi and NE in mediating the hypotension induced by dieting . ^^^ Furthermore , Epi and NE play a smaller , but still significant , role in the bradycardia induced by caloric restriction . ^^^ In contrast , Epi and NE are required for the tachycardia in an open field but are not required for the increase in blood pressure . . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P10646 and P08246	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
The monoamine oxidase ( MAO ) metabolites of norepinephrine ( NE ) or epinephrine ( EPI ) and of dopamine ( DA ) are 3 , 4 dihydroxyphenylglycolaldehyde ( DOPEGAL ) and 3 , 4 dihydroxyphenylacetaldehyde ( DOPAL ) , respectively . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P10646 and P08246	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
RESULTS : Both tasks induced significant increases in plasma epinephrine ( EPI ; P < . 05 ) and norepinephrine ( NE ; P < . 001 ) levels . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P10646 and P08246	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
An international collaborative study was conducted of a high performance liquid chromatography ( HPLC ) UV method for the determination of the major ( ephedrine [ EP ] and pseudoephedrine [ PS ] ) and minor ( norephedrine [ NE ] , norpseudoephedrine [ NP ] , methylephedrine [ ME ] , and methylpseudoephedrine [ MP ] ) alkaloids in selected dietary supplements representative of the commercially available products . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P10646 and P08246	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
In NG 108 cells , alpha ( 2B ) AR desensitization and down regulation require treatment with 20 microM EPI or NE ; GRK expression was not changed . ^^^ In BN 17 cells expressing beta ( 2 ) ARs , the threshold EPI concentration for alpha ( 2B ) AR desensitization and down regulation was reduced to 0 . 3 microM ; 10 microM NE was required for the same effect . ^^^ Furthermore , 24 h EPI or NE treatments that produced desensitization also resulted in a selective 2 fold up regulation of GRK 3 ; GRK 2 was unchanged . ^^^ The beta AR antagonist alprenolol ( 1 microM ) and GRK 3 antisense ( but not sense ) DNA blocked 0 . 3 microM EPI and 10 microM NE induced desensitization and down regulation of the alpha ( 2B ) AR as well as GRK 3 up regulation . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P10646 and P08246	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
The effects of four nAChR agonists , nicotine ( NIC ) , 1 , 1 dimethyl 4 phenylpiperzinium iodide ( DMPP ) , cytisine ( CYT ) and epibatidine ( EPI ) were investigated on [ 3H ] norepinephrine ( NE ) , [ 3H ] dopamine ( DA ) and [ 3H ] serotonin ( 5 HT ) release from rat prefrontal cortical ( PFC ) slices . ^^^ Similarly , all four agonists also increased [ 3H ] NE release , but with a differing rank order of potency of EPI > > CYT approximately DMPP > NIC . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P10646 and P08246	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
During the experimentally induced aggressiveness , plasma adrenocorticotropic hormone ( ACTH ) and cortisol ( CORT ) concentrations increased less significantly , and norepinephrine ( NE ) and epinephrine ( EPI ) levels , together with heart rate ( HR ) , increased more significantly in abstinent heroin dependent subjects than in healthy subjects . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P10646 and P08246	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
The mnemonic effects of EPI are attributed almost exclusively to actions on amygdala noradrenergic ( NE ) systems . ^^^ EPI also increases neuronal activity in the locus coeruleus ( LC ) , the primary source of NE to other limbic structures that process memory such as the hippocampus ( HIPP ) . ^^^ The actions of EPI on the LC suggest that its mnemonic properties may also be mediated by influencing NE output in the HIPP . ^^^ NE levels sampled 20 min after EPI injection were significantly larger than baseline and continued to show significant peaks for 60 min . ^^^ EPI injection did not increase NE levels sampled from the HIPP of rats given lidocaine into the NTS . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P10646 and P08246	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Norepinephrine ( NE ) and epinephrine ( Epi ) concentrations rise in response to stresses , such as exercise , that challenge blood glucose homeostasis . ^^^ Plasma concentrations of NE and Epi were determined during 90 min of rest and 90 min of exercise at 55 % of peak O 2 consumption ( VO 2 peak ) two times with exogenous lactate infusion ( lactate clamp , LC ) and two times without LC ( CON ) . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P10646 and P08246	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
We assessed the responses of epinephrine ( EPI ) , norepinephrine ( NE ) , cortisol , changes in lymphocytes subpopulations , and percentages of CD11a+ , CD11b+ , and CD62L+ lymphocytes to a 20 min treadmill exercise of an intensity equal to 80 % of the individual ' s Vo ( 2 ) max . ^^^ We did not observe any significant changes in the basal levels of EPI , NE , and cortisol in the plasma , nor in the immune parameters after ET and HDBR . ^^^ The exercise test led to a significant ( P < . 001 ) elevation of EPI and NE levels after both ET and HDBR , a significant elevation ( P < . 01 ) of cortisol after HDBR , an increase in the absolute numbers of leukocytes , granulocytes , monocytes , CD3+ , CD4+ , CD8+ , CD16+ , CD19+ lymphocytes , percentage of CD11a+ and CD11b+ lymphocytes , and to a decrease of CD62L1 before , after ET , and after HDBR . ^^^ In conclusion , repeated stress induced elevation of EPI and NE was not associated with an alteration in immune cell redistribution found in response to the single bout of exercise . . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P10646 and P08246	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Changes in plasma levels of epinephrine ( EPI ) and norepinephrine ( NE ) were investigated in humans exposed to physical exercise ( WL ) , to psychic stressor ( mental arithmetic test , MAT ) , and to oral glucose administration ( oGTT ) before and during a stay in microgravity ( real space flight , SF ) or in simulated microgravity ( head down bed rest , HDBR ) . ^^^ Plasma EPI , NE , dihydroxyphenylglycol ( DHPG ) , and dihydroxyphenylalanine ( DOPA ) levels were measured by the high pressure liquid chromatography ( HPLC ) method . ^^^ Basal plasma EPI , NE , DHPG , and DOPA levels were found within the range of control values during SF . ^^^ Preflight WL produced high increase in plasma NE and moderate elevation of plasma EPI , DHPG , and DOPA levels . ^^^ Exaggerated exercise induced increases in plasma NE , DHPG , EPI , and DOPA levels were demonstrated in real microgravity . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P10646 and P08246	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
ITT led to a pronounced increase in EPI levels and moderate increase in NE in preflight studies . ^^^ Post flight changes in EPI and NE did not differ from those of preflight values , since SF was relatively short ( 8 days ) and the readaptation to Earth ' s gravitation was fast . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P10646 and P08246	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
This experimental study was designed to examine how cytokine ( tumour necrosis factor ( TNF ) alpha , interleukin ( IL ) 6 , IL 12 and IL 1ra ( receptor antagonist ) ) and hormone ( epinephrine ( Epi ) , norepinephrine ( NE ) , growth hormone ( GH ) and cortisol ( CORT ) ) responses are modified when the exercise induced rise in core temperature is attenuated or exacerbated by immersion in a water bath . ^^^ Increases in circulating NE ( > 350 % ) , Epi ( > 500 % ) , GH ( > 900 % ) , IL 12 ( > 150 % ) and TNF alpha ( > 90 % ) were greatest after 40 min exercise in the heat . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P10646 and P08246	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Sympathetic activity also decreased as indicated by the norepinephrine ( NE ) and epinephrine ( EPI ) content of adrenals and also in the plasma . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P10646 and P08246	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
OBJECTIVES : Norepinephrine ( NE ) , dopamine ( DA ) , epinephrine ( Epi ) , and 5 hydroxytryptamine ( 5 HT ) all modulate pancreatic exocrine secretion , yet their concentrations in specific tissues of the exocrine pancreas are unknown . ^^^ Ducts and ampullae contained NE ( 314 + / 74 and 156 + / 24 pmol / mg protein ) , DA ( 43 + / 14 and 13 + / 4 pmol / mg protein ) , Epi ( 63 + / 29 and 39 + / 6 pmol / mg protein ) , and 5 HT ( 696 + / 151 and 3563 + / 288 pmol / mg protein ) . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P10646 and P08246	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
From baseline to the end of hypoglycaemia ( 170 min ) , the sympatho adrenal reactivity was mapped by invasive continuous blood pressure monitoring and repeated measurements of FBF ( forearm blood flow ) , arterial and venous concentrations of glucose , catecholamines [ EPI ( adrenaline ) and NE ( noradrenaline ) ] , renin , ANG 2 and aldosterone . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P10646 and P08246	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
In contrast , plasma epinephrine ( Epi ) and norepinephrine ( NE ) were not influenced by L DOPA treatment , although they were elevated following the consumption of the cricket . ^^^ Central serotonin , NE , and Epi systems were not affected in any brain region by oral L DOPA treatment . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P10646 and P08246	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Twenty four hour urine collections were assayed for epinephrine ( EPI ) , norepinephrine ( NE ) and cortisol ( CORT ) . ^^^ EPI , NE and CORT were indexed by body surface area to control for individual differences in body size . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P10646 and P08246	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
CSF samples were assayed for CRH , AA , norepinephrine ( NE ) and epinephrine ( EPI ) . ^^^ Plasma was assayed for ACTH , cortisol , NE , and EPI . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P10646 and P08246	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Second filial generation rats ( n = 189 ) derived from a cross of the hHTg rat and the Brown Norway rat had plasma norepinephrine ( NE ) and epinephrine ( Epi ) levels , indices of activation of the sympathoneural and adrenal medulla components , respectively , measured in the resting state and in response to an immobilization stress . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P10646 and P08246	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Concentrations of glucose , adrenocorticotropic hormone ( ACTH ) , cortisol , Delta 4 androstenedione ( ASD ) , dehydroepiandrosterone ( DHEA ) , dehydroepiandrosterone sulphate ( DHEAS ) , 17alpha hydroxyprogesterone ( 17OHP ) , epinephrine ( EPI ) , norepinephrine ( NE ) , interleukin 6 ( IL 6 ) , and tumour necrosis factor alpha ( TNFalpha ) were analysed in plasma . ^^^ Patients with RA had lower EPI ( p = 0 . 005 ) and NE ( p < 0 . 001 ) responses to hypoglycaemia . ^^^ Significantly lower responses of EPI and NE to hypoglycaemia may suggest sympathoadrenal hyporeactivity in patients with RA . . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P10646 and P08246	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
In other rats , dopamine ( DA ) , epinephrine ( EPI ) , norepinephrine ( NE ) and serotonin in the striatum were assessed using in vivo microdialysis ( N = 35 ) . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P10646 and P08246	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
PURPOSE : The aims of this study were to examine the plasma dopamine response to a controlled bout of short duration high intensity exercise and investigate the magnitude of the plasma dopamine ( DA ) , norepinephrine ( NE ) , and epinephrine ( EPI ) responses to this exercise after induced alkalosis . ^^^ Peak plasma NE and EPI concentrations occurred immediately postexercise [ NE PLAC 4 . 6 + / 2 . 1 ES = 1 . 2 , 0 . 3CIT 4 . 2 + / 1 . 8 ES = 1 . 5 , 0 . 5CIT 4 . 6 + / 2 . 2 nmol . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P10646 and P08246	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Leptin had little effect on EPI weight or norepinephrine ( NE ) content , but denervation of one EPI pad decreased the effect of leptin on intact EPI , inguinal and retroperitoneal ( RP ) fat and increased the size of the mesenteric fat pad . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P10646 and P08246	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
METHODS : Urine epinephrine ( EPI ) and norepinephrine ( NE ) excretion from severely injured patients was assessed via enzyme linked immunoadsorbent assay ( ELISA ) . ^^^ In vitro doses of NE , EPI , and isoproterenol ( ISO ) exerted a stimulatory effect on BFU E colony growth in BMNCs ( expressed as percentage of control : 324 + / 30 , 272 + / 16 , 212 + / 95 , vs . 100 % ) , but had no effect on stroma depleted BM . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P10646 and P08246	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Sympathetic activity was decreased as indicated by the significantly decreased norepinephrine ( NE ) and epinephrine ( EPI ) level ( P < 0 . 001 and P < 0 . 05 ) in the plasma of 72 h pancreatectomised rats . 5 HT ( 1A ) receptor density and affinity was decreased in the CC ( P < 0 . 01 ) and BS ( P < 0 . 01 ) . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P10646 and P08246	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
We previously reported MUC 1 was a cell surface receptor for Pseudomonas aeruginosa , and binding of bacteria to cells was significantly reduced by pretreatment with neutrophil elastase ( NE ) ( Lillehoj EP , Hyun SW , Kim BT , Zhang XG , Lee DI , Rowland S , and Kim KC . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P10646 and P08246	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
In severely depressed patients before and after electroconvulsive therapy ( ECT ) , we measured cerebrospinal fluid ( CSF ) NE , plasma NE , plasma epinephrine ( EPI ) , and plasma cortisol hourly for 30 h . ^^^ Severely depressed patients had significant increases in mean around the clock levels of CSF NE ( P < 0 . 02 ) , plasma NE ( P < 0 . 02 ) , plasma EPI ( P < 0 . 02 ) , and plasma cortisol ( P < 0 . 02 ) . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P10646 and P08246	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
A capillary electrophoresis / mass spectrometry method for the simultaneous chiral analysis of enantiomers of methamphetamine ( MA ) , amphetamine ( AP ) , dimethylamphetamine ( DMA ) , ephedrine ( EP ) , norephedrine ( NE ) and methylephedrine ( ME ) in urine has been developed . ^^^ The detection limits were 0 . 01 microg mL ( 1 ) for the enantiomers of MA , AP , DMA , EP and ME , and 0 . 02 microg mL ( 1 ) for the enantiomers of NE using selected ion monitoring . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P10646 and P08246	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Plasma epinephrine ( EPI ) and norepinephrine ( NE ) levels clearly showed that these stressors specifically activate the aforementioned systems . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P10646 and P08246	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Acute myocardial ischemia increased dialysate norepinephrine ( NE ) levels ( 20 , 453+ / 7186 pg / ml ) , epinephrine ( EPI ) levels ( 1724+ / 706 pg / ml ) , and dopamine ( DA ) levels ( 1807+ / 800 pg / ml ) at the last 15 min of coronary occlusion . ^^^ Inhibition of COMT activity by entacapone augmented the ischemia induced NE levels ( 54 , 306+ / 6618 pg / ml ) , EPI levels ( 2681+ / 567 pg / ml ) , and DA ( 3551+ / 710 pg / ml ) levels at the last 15 min of coronary occlusion . ^^^ Myocardial ischemia evoked NE , EPI , and DA accumulation in the myocardial interstitial space . ^^^ The inhibition of COMT activity augmented these increments in NE , EPI , and DA . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P10646 and P08246	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Subjects underwent a 24 hour urine collection which was analyzed for Na , norepinephrine ( NE ) , epinephrine ( Epi ) , and dopamine ( DA ) ; a posture study with analysis of blood pressure ( BP ) , PRA , Aldo , NE , Epi , DA , and cortisol ; and a 0 . 9 % NaCl infusion study ( 500 mL / hr for 3 hrs ) with analysis of BP , PRA , Aldo , cortisol , and digitalis like factor ( DLF ) . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P10646 and P08246	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
In vitro assays showed that ( S ) FCZ has an affinity for beta receptors that is 3900 and 9500 times higher than those of norepinephrine ( NE ) and epinephrine ( EPI ) , respectively . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P10646 and P08246	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
To investigate the interaction of forced physical activity and restraint stress on central dopamine ( DA ) , norepinephrine ( NE ) , and epinephrine ( Epi ) , we measured these catecholamines and their metabolites in select brain regions of stressed and exercised male Anolis carolinensis lizards . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P10646 and P08246	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Humoral variables included : serum lactate , epinephrine ( EP ) , norepinephrine ( NE ) , NPY , ET 1 and ANP plasma concentrations . ^^^ The highest increase was for NE ( 28 fold ) and EP ( 25 fold ) . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P10646 and P08246	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
OBJECTIVE : Signaling through adrenergic receptors ( ARs ) by norepinephrine ( NE ) and epinephrine ( Epi ) regulates weight gain when mice are fed a high fat diet ( HFD ) by controlling diet induced thermogenesis . ^^^ Thus , one would predict that mice unable to make NE / Epi because of inactivation of the dopamine beta hydroxylase gene ( Dbh null mice ) would have a propensity to become obese . ^^^ DISCUSSION : Complete lack of NE / Epi does not predispose to obesity . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P10646 and P08246	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
The results also showed that TAK 147 increased Epi : NE ratio prior to and for 120 min following the last dose , whereas E 2020 increased the ratio only before the last dose . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P10646 and P08246	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
The cytokines interferon gamma ( IFN gamma ) , IL 4 , and IL 6 were determined by ELISA following coincubation with high dose ( 10 ( 5 ) M ) and low dose ( 10 ( 9 ) M ) epinephrine ( EPI ) and norepinephrine ( NE ) . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P10646 and P08246	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
The aim of this study was to evaluate the association of plasma epinephrine ( EPI ) and norepinephrine ( NE ) responses to insulin induced hypoglycemia ( ITT ) 3 weeks before the space flight ( SF ) , on the 5th day of SF , on the 2nd and 16th days after the landing in the first Slovak astronaut , and before and on the 5th day of prolonged subsequent head down ( 6 degrees ) bed rest ( BR ) in 15 military aircraft pilots . ^^^ ITT led to a pronounced increase in EPI levels and moderate increase in NE in pre flight studies . ^^^ Post flight changes in EPI and NE levels did not significantly differ from those of pre flight since SF was relatively short ( 8 days ) and the readaptation to Earth gravitation was fast . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P10646 and P08246	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
A capillary electrophoresis method with ultraviolet ( UV ) detection was developed and optimized for the enantiomer separation of norepinephrine ( NE ) , epinephrine ( EP ) and isoprenaline ( IP ) using dual cyclodextrins ( CDs ) of 2 hydroxypropyl beta CD ( HP beta CD ) and heptakis ( 2 , 6 di o methyl ) beta CD ( DM beta CD ) as chiral selectors . ^^^ The recoveries of NE and EP in serum and IP in drug were ranged from 90 to 110 % . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P10646 and P08246	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
METHODS : Normal human BM mononuclear cells were isolated and erythropoiesis was assessed by the growth of GEMM CFU , BFU E and CFU E in the presence of adrenergic agonists , norepinephrine ( NE ) and epinephrine ( EPI ) , at increasing concentrations . ^^^ Similarly , normal BM stroma cells were grown to confluence then incubated with NE and EPI . ^^^ RESULTS : Under physiologic conditions ( 10 ( 7 ) M ) , NE and EPI increase BFU E and CFU E growth ( 374 % and 177 % versus 100 % control ) . ^^^ At severe stress levels ( 10 ( 3 ) M ) , NE and EPI completely inhibited BFU E and CFU E growth ( 5 % and 4 % versus 100 % control ) . ^^^ GEMM CFU growth was increased by NE and not EPI at 10 ( 7 ) M . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P10646 and P08246	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Under the optimum conditions , the detection limits of dopamine ( DA ) , epinephrine ( EP ) , norepinephrine ( NE ) and catechol ( CA ) were determined to be 0 . 18 mciroM 0 . 39 microM 0 . 48 microM and 0 . 09 microM , respectively . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P10646 and P08246	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
At the end of the experiment , levels of serum leptin and corticosterone , and plasma epinephrine ( Epi ) and norepinephrine ( NE ) were determined . ^^^ The level of Epi , NE , and corticosterone increased in the Holder group , but such increase in the level of aforementioned stress hormones was not observed in the EA group . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P10646 and P08246	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
The method was validated in the range 0 . 3 10 microg / mg for EP , 0 . 06 2 . 5 microg / mg for PE and NPE and 0 . 04 1 microg / mg NE and MPE . ^^^ The quantification limits were 0 . 3 microg / mg for EP , 0 . 06 microg / mg for PE , 0 . 04 microg / mg for NPE , NE and MPE . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P10646 and P08246	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
OBJECTIVES : To study the effects of dopamine ( DA ) , norepinephrine ( NE ) , epinephrine ( EP ) , and serotonin ( 5 HT ) on melanocyte cytotoxicity and apoptosis . ^^^ METHODS : Primary cultures of normal human melanocytes established from the foreskins of normal individuals were treated with different concentrations of DA , NE , EP and 5 HT for 5 and 7 days . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P10646 and P08246	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
The effect of leukocyte elastase on tissue factor pathway inhibitor . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P10646 and P08246	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
This was most likely mediated by inactivation of tissue factor pathway inhibitor through leukocyte elastase . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P10646 and P08246	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
OBJECTIVE : To determine the precise relationship among tissue factor , tissue factor pathway inhibitor ( TFPI ) , and neutrophil elastase in sepsis , as well as to test the hypothesis that low TFPI concentrations are not sufficient to prevent tissue factor dependent intravascular coagulation , leading to multiple organ dysfunction syndrome and death . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P10646 and P08246	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
INTRODUCTION : To evaluate the pathogenetic role of tissue factor ( TF ) , tissue factor pathway inhibitor ( TFPI ) , and neutrophil elastase in acute respiratory distress syndrome ( ARDS ) , as well as to test the hypothesis that TFPI levels modified by neutrophil activation are not sufficient to prevent TF dependent intravascular coagulation , leading to sustained systemic inflammatory response syndrome ( SIRS ) and multiple organ dysfunction syndrome ( MODS ) , which determine the prognosis of these patients . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P10646 and P08246	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Plasma epinephrine ( Epi ) ; norepinephrine ( NE ) ; corticosterone ( Cort ) ; prolactin ( PRL ) ; adrenomedullary gene expression of catecholamine biosynthetic enzymes tyrosine hydroxylase ( TH ) , dopamine beta hydroxylase ( DBH ) , and phenylethanolamine N methyl transferase ( PNMT ) ; and TH protein levels were measured . ^^^ Ethanol fed rats had two to threefold higher basal plasma Epi and NE and tended to have increased Cort compared to adlib fed or pair fed rats . ^^^ Immo increased Epi and NE in ethanol fed rats more than twofold above those observed in controls , and also increased Cort more in ethanol fed than in control rats . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P10646 and P08246	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Mitral regurgitation ( MR ) is associated with increased neuronal release of norepinephrine ( NE ) and epinephrine ( EP ) into myocardial interstitial fluid ( ISF ) that may be necessary in sustaining left ventricular ( LV ) function via activation of cardiomyocyte beta adrenergic receptors ( ARs ) . ^^^ We measured the effects of chronic beta receptor blockade ( beta RB ) on ISF NE and EP release using in vivo microdialysis in open chest anesthetized dogs after 4 wk of MR with or without extended release of metoprolol succinate ( 100 mg / day ) as well as in control dogs . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P10646 and P08246	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
In order to cast light on the significance of lipid peroxidation products for carcinogenesis , the lacI mutant frequency ( MF ) , micronucleus induction and cell proliferation were analyzed in lacI transgenic mice treated with trans 4 hydroxy 2 nonenal ( HNE ) , a typical example . ^^^ The HNE treatment did not increase lacI MF in the liver , kidney and lung and no significant increase in micronucleus induction or cell proliferation in major organs was found in either treatment . ^^^ Our results thus indicate that HNE lacks in vivo genotoxicity in lacI transgenic mice even when lethal doses are applied . . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P10646 and P08246	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
The effect of human neutrophil elastase and cathepsin G on recombinant tissue factor pathway inhibitor ( TFPI ) was investigated . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P10646 and P08246	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Based on the clastogenic activity of DOX , the effects of TFP and the selective calmodulin inhibitor 1 , 3 dihydro 1 [ 1 [ 4 methyl 4H , 6H pyrrolo [ 1 , 2 a ] [ 4 , 1 ] benzoxazepin 4 yl methyl ] 4 piperidinyl ] 2H benzimidazol 2 o ne ( 1 : 1 ) maleate ( CGS9343B ) on DOX induced chromosomal damage and its relationship to cytotoxicity were evaluated in sensitive and progressively DOX resistant L 1210 cells . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P10646 and P08246	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
When mice were treated with W 7 or TFP together with serotonin ( 5 HT ; 15 nmol / mouse , IVT ) , dopamine ( DA ; 30 nmol / mouse , IVT ) or norepinephrine ( NE ; 30 nmol / mouse , IVT ) , the sleeping time induced by ethanol and calcium was enhanced . ^^^ This finding suggests that W 7 and TFP selectively inhibit the synthesis of 5 HT , DA and NE , but they do not affect other neuronal functions of these biogenic amines . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P10646 and P08246	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
No significant inhibition of glandular kallikrein , urinary plasminogen activator , tissue plasminogen activator , human activated protein C , human factor Xa , human thrombin , or leukocyte elastase was observed when these proteases were incubated with TFPI 2 in the absence of heparin . . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P10646 and P08246	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P10646 and P08246	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P10646 and P08246	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P10646 and P08246	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P10646 and P08246	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P10646 and P08246	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P10646 and P08246	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P10646 and P08246	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P10646 and P08246	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P10646 and P08246	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P10646 and P08246	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P10646 and P08246	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P10646 and P08246	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P10646 and P08246	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P10646 and P08246	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P10646 and P08246	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P10646 and P08246	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P10646 and P08246	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P10646 and P08246	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P10646 and P08246	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P10646 and P08246	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P10646 and P08246	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P10646 and P08246	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P10646 and P08246	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P10646 and P08246	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P10646 and P08246	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P10646 and P08246	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P10646 and P08246	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P10646 and P08246	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P10646 and P08246	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P10646 and P08246	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P10646 and P08246	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P10646 and P08246	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P10646 and P08246	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P10646 and P08246	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P10646 and P08246	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P10646 and P08246	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P10646 and P08246	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P10646 and P08246	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P10646 and P08246	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P10646 and P08246	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P10646 and P08246	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P10646 and P08246	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P10646 and P08246	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P10646 and P08246	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P10646 and P08246	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P10646 and P08246	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P10646 and P08246	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P10646 and P08246	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P10646 and P08246	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P10646 and P08246	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P10646 and P08246	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P10646 and P08246	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P10646 and P08246	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P10646 and P08246	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P10646 and P08246	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P10646 and P08246	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P10646 and P08246	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P10646 and P08246	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P10646 and P08246	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P10646 and P08246	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P10646 and P08246	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P10646 and P08246	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P10646 and P08246	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P10646 and P08246	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P10646 and P08246	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P10646 and P08246	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P10646 and P08246	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P10646 and P08246	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P10646 and P08246	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P10646 and P08246	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P10646 and P08246	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P10646 and P08246	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P10646 and P08246	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P10646 and P08246	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P10646 and P08246	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P10646 and P08246	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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