| Interacting proteins: P01116 and P04049 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| The remaining genes ( fra 1 , p 53 , jun D , c Ha ras , c Ki ras , c raf , beta actin , ornithine decarboxylase , and histone 2B ) were detected after culture with either IL 3 or PMA . ^^^ |
|
| Interacting proteins: P01116 and P04049 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| Gene expression analysis showed measurable levels of mRNA for c Ki ras , erb B , erb B 2 , hck , src , lyn , vav , trk , raf 1 , l myc , c jun , c yes , c myc , c abl , and p 53 . ^^^ |
|
| Interacting proteins: P01116 and P04049 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| Permanent conversion of NIH3T3 cells transformed by activated c Ha ras , c Ki ras , N ras , or c raf , and of human pancreatic adenocarcinoma containing activated c Ki ras to apparently normal cells by treatment with the antibiotic azatyrosine . ^^^ |
|
| Interacting proteins: P01116 and P04049 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| We have analyzed the expression of 12 protooncogenes , c Ha ras , c Ki ras , N ras , c myc , N myc , c fos , c abl , c fes , c fms , c raf , c erbB 1 , and c erbB 2 , in tissues of human renal cell carcinomas and in adjacent normal kidneys . ^^^ |
|
| Interacting proteins: P01116 and P04049 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| Treatment with azatyrosine caused similar conversion of NIH 3T3 cells transformed by activated c Ki ras , N ras , or c raf to apparently normal cells , but NIH 3T3 cells transformed by hst or ret were not exclusively converted by azatyrosine . ^^^ |
|
| Interacting proteins: P01116 and P04049 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| This location demonstrates that Dsi 1 is different from 16 of the known proto oncogenes ( c abl , c erbA c erbB , c ets 1 , c ets 2 , c fes , c fos , c myb , c myc , c raf , A raf , c Ha ras , c Ki ras , N ras , c sis , and c src ) and 12 cellular regions of tumor associated integrations in retrovirus induced tumors ( c erbB , Fis 1 , int 1 , int 2 , Mis 1 / pvt 1 , Mlvi 1 , Mlvi 2 , c mos , c myb , c myc , Pim 1 , and c Ha ras ) . ^^^ |
|
| Interacting proteins: P01116 and P04049 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| RAR beta and RAR gamma mRNA were not expressed . mRNA expression of c raf , c myc and c Ki ras remained constant before and after exposure to all inducers of differentiation . ^^^ |
|
| Interacting proteins: P01116 and P04049 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| Levels of expression of c myc , c Ha ras , c Ki ras , c N ras c raf , c src and cytoskeletal actin were similar and in distinguishable in both sarcoma groups . c yes , c erbB and c sis transcripts were not detected in either . ^^^ |
|
| Interacting proteins: P01116 and P04049 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| A poly ( ADP ribose ) polymerase inhibitor , benzamide ( BA ) , was found to induce flat revertants of NIH 3T3 cells that had been transformed by human Ha ras , rat Ki ras , rat c raf , and human ret 2 . ^^^ |
|
| Interacting proteins: P01116 and P04049 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| Elevated expression of protooncogenes c myc , c fos , Ha ras 1 , Ki ras 2 , N myc and Raf 1 was observed in carcinomas of human stomach . ^^^ |
|
| Interacting proteins: P01116 and P04049 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| The transcriptional levels of the type 4 collagenase and the type 4 procollagen gene in the oncogene ( Ha ras , ki ras , raf and myc ) transformed human bronchial epithelial cell lines were compared with the properties of invasiveness in vitro , of tumorigenicity and of metastatic ability in athymic nude mice . 5 Ha ras gene enhanced invasion and metastasis , whereas 5 ki ras , c raf and c myc had lesser effects on these malignant phenotypes . ^^^ |
|
| Interacting proteins: P01116 and P04049 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| NIH3T3 cell transformants obtained by introducing activated c raf , ret 2 or Ki ras oncogenes also showed high levels of PP2A alpha transcripts . ^^^ |
|
| Interacting proteins: P01116 and P04049 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| Northern blot analysis reveals spontaneous overexpression of the oncogenes c myc , Ki ras and c raf and of the tumour suppressor gene p 53 as a consequence of SV 40 transformation . ^^^ |
|
| Interacting proteins: P01116 and P04049 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| Increased expression of Ki ras and c raf in the non metastatic BSp73AS cells seems to confer tumorigenicity but not permissivity for gene amplification . . ^^^ |
|
| Interacting proteins: P01116 and P04049 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| Thus , Ki Ras both recruits Raf 1 to the plasma membrane more efficiently than Ha Ras and is a more potent activator of membrane recruited Raf 1 than Ha Ras . ^^^ Interestingly , the ability of Ha Ras to recruit Raf 1 to the plasma membrane is significantly increased when the Ha Ras hypervariable region is shortened so that the spacing of the Ha Ras GTPase domains from the inner surface of the plasma membrane mimicks that of Ki Ras . ^^^ |
|
| Interacting proteins: P01116 and P04049 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| The hierarchies were as follows : for Raf 1 activation , Ki Ras 4B > Ki Ras 4A > > > N Ras > Ha Ras ; for focus formation , Ha Ras > / = Ki Ras 4A > > > N Ras = Ki Ras 4B ; for anchorage independent growth , Ki Ras 4A > / = N Ras > > > Ki Ras 4B = Ha Ras = no growth ; and for cell migration , Ki Ras 4B > > > Ha Ras > N Ras = Ki Ras 4A = no migration . ^^^ |
|
| Interacting proteins: P01116 and P04049 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| However , in contrast to the dominant active mutant of Ki Ras , which interacts with Raf 1 , recruits it to the plasma membrane from the cytosol , and activates it , MAGUIN 1 neither activates Raf 1 nor recruits it to the plasma membrane . ^^^ |
|
| Interacting proteins: P01116 and P04049 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| One hypothesis is that Ki ras mutation and / or a Ki ras p 21 increase could enhance Ki ras p 21 GTP and cell cycle stimulation through raf 1 and extracellularly regulated protein kinases ( Erks ) . ^^^ We examined lung tumors 1 7 mm in largest dimension initiated in male Swiss mice by N nitrosodimethylamine for pathologic type , Ki ras mutations and levels of total Ki ras p 21 , Ki ras p 21 bound to GTP , raf 1 , Erk 1 and Erk 2 and their phosphorylated ( activated ) forms , and proliferating cell nuclear antigen . ^^^ |
|
| Interacting proteins: P01116 and P04049 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| To elucidate the regulatory mechanisms of c jun expression by Ki ras , protein kinase C ( PKC ) and c Raf were examined at serum starved and serum stimulated conditions . ^^^ These results suggested that serum responsiveness of c jun may be suppressed by activated Ki ras through PKC rather than c Raf pathway in colon cancer cells . . ^^^ |
|
| Interacting proteins: P01116 and P04049 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| Analysis of cellular oncogenes showed that myc and fps were amplified approximately tenfold and threefold , respectively , in this cell line , whereas N myc , L myc , N ras , K ras , H ras , abl , erbB 2 , Blym , src , raf 1 , myb , and sis were not changed significantly . ^^^ |
|
| Interacting proteins: P01116 and P04049 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| Nine of these genes ( H ras , c myc , c fos , c jun , junB , N myc , c abl , c yes , and p 53 ) were expressed in epithelial cells , whereas two ( RB 1 and N ras ) were not . expression of four other genes ( c src , K ras , c raf , and c myb ) was observed , but the intensity of these bands was too low for densitometric analysis . ^^^ |
|
| Interacting proteins: P01116 and P04049 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| Since 75 to 90 % of all human pancreatic ductal adenocarcinomas harbor activating mutations at codon 12 of the K ras oncogene it was our belief that Raf 1 MEK MAPK will be activated in the majority of human pancreatic cancers . ^^^ The aim of this study was to confirm activation of Raf 1 in K ras mutant human pancreatic cancer . ^^^ Additionally , we sought to determine if Raf 1 activation differed in K ras mutant and nonmutant pancreatic cancer . ^^^ There was no difference in expression of the 74 kDa activated form of Raf 1 in K ras mutant vs K ras nonmutant cell lines . ^^^ We conclude that Raf 1 is expressed in its active form in human pancreatic cancer regardless of K ras status . ^^^ |
|
| Interacting proteins: P01116 and P04049 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| We have developed a yeast based assay in which the Saccharomyces cerevisiae mating pheromone induced MAPK pathway relied on co expression of K Ras and Raf 1 . ^^^ |
|
| Interacting proteins: P01116 and P04049 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| Stimulation of cells with epidermal growth factor ( EGF ) or fetal calf serum ( FCS ) resulted in activation of N Ras , but not K Ras , as well as activation of c Raf , MEK 1 , and p 42 MAPK . ^^^ |
|
| Interacting proteins: P01116 and P04049 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| Special features of tumors with mutant K ras included small size of carcinomas compared with carcinomas lacking this mutation , and correlation of proliferating cell nuclear antigen with raf 1 . ^^^ |
|
| Interacting proteins: P01116 and P04049 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| Three different membrane targeting motifs from K Ras , Fyn , and Src proteins were fused to the N or C terminus of Raf 1 . ^^^ |
|
| Interacting proteins: P01116 and P04049 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| General serine threonine phosphatase inhibitors such sodium fluoride , or ss glycerophosphate and sodium pyrophosphate , or specific PP 1 and PP2A inhibitors including microcystin LR , protein phosphatase 2A inhibitor 1 ( 1 ) or protein phosphatase inhibitor 2 all abrogate H Ras and K Ras dependent Raf 1 activation in vitro . ^^^ |
|
| Interacting proteins: P01116 and P04049 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| Finally , pull down assays using the Ras binding domain of Raf 1 demonstrated that OSM directly activates K Ras in fetal hepatocytes . ^^^ |
|
| Interacting proteins: P01116 and P04049 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| Decrease in K ras p 21 and increase in Raf 1 and activated Erk 1 and 2 in murine lung tumors initiated by N nitrosodimethylamine and promoted by 2 , 3 , 7 , 8 tetrachlorodibenzo p dioxin . ^^^ Levels of K ras p 21 , raf 1 , mitogen activated protein kinases Erk 1 and 2 , the phosphorylated activated forms of Erk 1 and 2 ( Erk 1P and 2P ) , and proliferating cell nuclear antigen ( PCNA ) were measured by immunoblotting in mouse lung tumors ( 5 to 9 mm in size ) caused by N nitrosodimethylamine ( NDMA ) and in control lungs . ^^^ A significantly greater decrease in membrane associated K ras p 21 and increase in total and membrane associated raf 1 occurred in the NDMA / TCDD tumors compared with the NDMA only tumors . ^^^ These results suggest a possible tumor suppressive function for K ras p 21 in lung and a positive role for raf 1 and Erk 1 / 2 in lung tumorigenesis . ^^^ TCDD may promote tumors by contributing to downregulation of K ras and stimulation of raf 1 . . ^^^ |
|
| Interacting proteins: P01116 and P04049 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| Inhibition of endocytosis by dominant interfering dynamin K44A blocked H Ras but not K Ras mediated PC 12 cell differentiation and selectively inhibited H Ras but not K Ras mediated Raf 1 activation in BHK cells . ^^^ H Ras but not K Ras mediated Raf 1 activation was also selectively dependent on phosphoinositide 3 kinase activity . ^^^ Expression of wild type Rab 5 or Rab 5 Q79L increased the specific activity of K Ras activated Raf 1 but did not result in any redistribution of K Ras from the plasma membrane to endosomes . ^^^ |
|
| Interacting proteins: P01116 and P04049 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| Co transfectants of K Ras / galectin 3 , but not of H Ras / galectin 3 , exhibited enhanced and prolonged epidermal growth factor stimulated increases in Ras GTP , Raf 1 activity , and PI 3 K activity . ^^^ Thus , unlike galectin 1 , which prolongs Ras activation of ERK and inhibits PI 3 K , K Ras GTP / galectin 3 interactions promote , in addition to PI 3 K and Raf 1 activation , a third inhibitory signal that attenuates active ERK . ^^^ |
|
| Interacting proteins: P01116 and P04049 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| Segregation of Rho specific DNA fragment differences among 50 animals from an interspecific backcross ( C57BL / 6J 10 Mus spretus ) 10 C57BL / 6J indicates that the Rho locus is 4 . 0 + / 2 . 8 map units distal to the locus for the proto oncogene Raf 1 and 18 . 0 + / 5 . 4 map units proximal to the locus for the proto oncogene Kras 2 . ^^^ |
|
| Interacting proteins: P01116 and P04049 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| Lod scores for close linkage of each candidate sequence to breast cancer were 19 . 6 for HRAS , 12 . 3 for KRAS 2 , 1 . 0 for NRAS , 6 . 0 for MYC , 6 . 1 for MYB , 8 . 2 for ERBA 2 , 7 . 9 for INT 2 , and 5 . 1 for RAF 1 . ^^^ |
|
| Interacting proteins: P01116 and P04049 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| DNA probes for the NRAS , HRAS , KRAS 2 , LCK , RAF 1 , MET , MYCL 1 , MYCN , MYB , ERBB 2 , FOS , CSF1R , and SRC protooncogene loci ; the retinoblastoma gene locus ( RB 1 ) ; the tumor virus integration sites INT 2 , PVT 1 , and MLV 12 ; and the locus of the tumor specific antigen T1A were used to screen mouse genomic DNAs from RF / J , CAST / Ei , MOLF / Ei , Mus musculus musculus , M . m . poschiavinus , and M . spretus . ^^^ |
|
| Interacting proteins: P01116 and P04049 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| However , whereas constitutively activated mutants of Ras [ H Ras ( 61L ) and K Ras4B ( 12V ) ] and Raf 1 ( DeltaRaf 22W and Raf CAAX ) caused indistinguishable morphologic and growth ( in soft agar and nude mice ) transformation of NIH 3T3 fibroblasts , only mutant Ras caused morphologic transformation of RIE 1 rat intestinal cells . ^^^ |
|
| Interacting proteins: P01116 and P04049 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| NA |
|
| Interacting proteins: P01116 and P04049 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| NA |
|
| Interacting proteins: P01116 and P04049 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| NA |
|
| Interacting proteins: P01116 and P04049 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| NA |
|
| Interacting proteins: P01116 and P04049 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| NA |
|
| Interacting proteins: P01116 and P04049 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| NA |
|
| Interacting proteins: P01116 and P04049 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| NA |
|
| Interacting proteins: P01116 and P04049 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| NA |
|
| Interacting proteins: P01116 and P04049 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| NA |
|
| Interacting proteins: P01116 and P04049 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| NA |
|
| Interacting proteins: P01116 and P04049 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| NA |
|
| Interacting proteins: P01116 and P04049 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| NA |
|
| Interacting proteins: P01116 and P04049 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| NA |
|
| Interacting proteins: P01116 and P04049 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| NA |
|
| Interacting proteins: P01116 and P04049 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| NA |
|
| Interacting proteins: P01116 and P04049 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| NA |
|
| Interacting proteins: P01116 and P04049 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| NA |
|
| Interacting proteins: P01116 and P04049 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| NA |
|
| Interacting proteins: P01116 and P04049 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| NA |
|
| Interacting proteins: P01116 and P04049 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| NA |
|
| Interacting proteins: P01116 and P04049 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| NA |
|
| Interacting proteins: P01116 and P04049 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| NA |
|
| Interacting proteins: P01116 and P04049 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| NA |
|