Pubmed abstracts for Protein-Protein Interaction search result :


Interacting proteins: P02778 and P49682 Pubmed SVM Score :0.0
Since chemokine receptors CXCR 3 and CCR 5 are preferentially expressed on Th 1 cells , we tested the expression and regulation of several chemokines , including those that signal through CXCR 3 ( interferon gamma inducible protein of 10 kDa , IP 10 , CXCL 10 ; and monokine induced by interferon gamma , Mig , CXCL 9 ) and CCR 5 ( macrophage inflammatory protein ( Mip ) 1 alpha , CCL 3 ; and Mip 1 beta , CCL 4 ) in RA synovial fluids , synovial tissues , and blood . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P02778 and P49682 Pubmed SVM Score :0.0
Serial analysis of allografts showed that intragraft expression of the three chemokine ligands for the CXC chemo kine receptor CXCR 3 was induced in the order of interferon ( IFN ) gamma inducible protein of 10 kD ( IP 10 , or CXCL 10 ) , IFN inducible T cell alpha chemoattractant ( 1 TAC ; CXCL 11 ) , and then monokine induced by IFN gamma ( Mig , CXCL 9 ) . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P02778 and P49682 Pubmed SVM Score :0.0
Cxcr 3 and its ligand CXCL 10 are expressed by inflammatory cells infiltrating lung allografts and mediate chemotaxis of T cells at sites of rejection . ^^^ Immunohistochemical examination showed that areas characterized by acute cellular rejection ( grades 1 to 4 ) and active obliterative bronchiolitis ( chronic rejection , Ca ) were infiltrated by T cells expressing CXCR 3 , i . e . , the specific receptor for CXCL 10 . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P02778 and P49682 Pubmed SVM Score :0.0
Here , the biological activity and expression patterns of murine CXCL 11 relative to CXCL 9 ( MIG ) and CXCL 10 ( IP 10 / crg 2 ) , the other two CXCR 3 ligands , were assessed . ^^^ Calcium mobilization and chemotaxis experiments demonstrated that murine CXCL 11 stimulated murine CXCR 3 at much lower doses than murine CXCL 9 or murine CXCL 10 . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P02778 and P49682 Pubmed SVM Score :0.0
Differential expression of CXCR 3 targeting chemokines CXCL 10 , CXCL 9 , and CXCL 11 in different types of skin inflammation . ^^^ As CXCR 3 activating chemokines CXCL 10 ( IP 10 ) , CXCL 9 ( Mig ) , and CXCL 11 ( IP 9 / I TAC ) specifically attract activated T cells , this study addressed the question of whether differences in the expression of these chemokines correlate with the site and cellular composition of the skin infiltrates in different types of inflammatory skin disease . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P02778 and P49682 Pubmed SVM Score :0.0
Increased expression of the chemokine receptor CXCR 3 and its ligand CXCL 10 in peripheral airways of smokers with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease . ^^^ To investigate the expression of CXCR 3 and its ligand interferon induced protein 10 / CXCL10 in COPD , we counted the number of CXCR 3 ( + ) cells and analyzed the expression of CXCL 10 in the peripheral airways of 19 patients undergoing lung resection for localized pulmonary lesions . ^^^ Immunoreactivity for the CXCR 3 ligand CXCL 10 was present in the bronchiolar epithelium of smokers with COPD but not in the bronchiolar epithelium of smoking and nonsmoking control subjects . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P02778 and P49682 Pubmed SVM Score :0.0
Type 2 T cells have been shown to be preferentially recruited by the chemokines eotaxin ( CCL 11 ) , macrophage derived chemokine ( MDC , CCL 22 ) , and thymus activation regulated chemokine ( CCL 17 ) through their interaction with CCR 3 and CCR 4 , respectively , whereas type 1 T cells are mainly recruited by IFN gamma induced protein 10 ( CXCL 10 ) through CXCR 3 binding . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P02778 and P49682 Pubmed SVM Score :0.0
Multiple sclerosis : a study of CXCL 10 and CXCR 3 co localization in the inflamed central nervous system . ^^^ These data suggest a critical role for CXCL 10 and CXCR 3 in the accumulation of T cells in the CNS of MS patients . . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P02778 and P49682 Pubmed SVM Score :0.0
Induction of gene expression of CXCL9 / Mig and CXCL 10 and their receptor CXCR 3 was confirmed in the draining LN in EAE rats . ^^^ These findings suggest that CXCL 10 produced in the LN plays a specific inhibitory role in the development of Th 1 mediated diseases such as EAE by holding sensitized and activated Th1s expressing CXCR 3 in the draining LN . . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P02778 and P49682 Pubmed SVM Score :0.0
The fact that osteoblasts did not express CXCR 3 mRNA , whereas T lymphocytes can express high levels of this receptor , suggests that osteoblast derived CXCL 10 may recruit T lymphocytes to the sites of bone infections . . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P02778 and P49682 Pubmed SVM Score :0.0
Using neutralizing mAbs to IFN induced protein 10 ( CXCL 10 ) , monokine induced by IFN gamma ( CXCL 9 ) , and IFN inducible T cell alpha chemoattractant ( 1 TAC ; CXCL 11 ) , we found that even though 1 TAC was secreted from IFN gamma activated HSVEC to lower levels than IFN induced protein 10 or the monokine induced by IFN gamma , it was the principal chemokine responsible for CXCR 3 internalization . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P02778 and P49682 Pubmed SVM Score :0.0
Concentrations of CXCL 10 were significantly greater in patients with relapsing remitting compared with secondary progressive MS and correlated significantly with CXCR 3 expression on CSF CD 4 ( + ) T cells from patients with MS . ^^^ Correlation of CXCL 10 with CD 4 ( + ) T cell expression of CXCR 3 was consistent with its chemoattractant role for activated lymphocytes . ^^^ Thus CXCL 10 neutralising agents and CXCR 3 receptor antagonists may be therapeutic targets in MS . . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P02778 and P49682 Pubmed SVM Score :0.0
CXCL 10 was constitutively expressed by basal crypts in mouse colon , but the expression of CXCL 10 as well as CXCR 3 was enhanced in the epithelium in the proliferative zone after oral administration of dextran sulfate sodium . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P02778 and P49682 Pubmed SVM Score :0.0
CXCR 3 and heparin binding sites of the chemokine IP 10 ( CXCL 10 ) . ^^^ The chemokine IP 10 ( interferon inducible protein of 10 kDa , CXCL 10 ) binds the G protein coupled receptor CXCR 3 , which is found mainly on activated T cells and NK cells , and plays an important role in Th 1 type inflammatory diseases . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P02778 and P49682 Pubmed SVM Score :0.0
In contrast to CXCR 4 , the expression levels of the chemokine receptor CXCR 3 and the migration of cells in response to CXCL 9 and CXCL 10 increased after IL 2 treatment . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P02778 and P49682 Pubmed SVM Score :0.0
Real time , quantitative reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction analysis demonstrates that the CXCR 3 ligands , interferon ( IFN ) inducible protein 10 ( CXCL 10 ) and IFN inducible T cell alpha chemoattractant ( CXCL 11 ) , are among the many chemokines induced in the adjuvant treated peritoneum . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P02778 and P49682 Pubmed SVM Score :0.0
Analysis of the expression of the CXCL 10 receptor , CXCR 3 , by the brain infiltrating leukocytes from immunized GF CXCL 10 transgenic mice revealed a significant enrichment for CXCR 3 positive cells in the CNS compared with spleen . ^^^ Finally , the accumulation of neutrophils in the brain of GF CXCL 10 transgenic mice is apparently independent of CXCR 3 and involves an unknown mechanism . . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P02778 and P49682 Pubmed SVM Score :0.0
Type 1 chemokines CXC chemokine ligand ( CXCL ) 9 and CXCL 10 ( monokine induced by IFN gamma and IFN gamma inducible protein of 10 kDa : CXCR 3 ligands ) , and type 2 chemokines CC chemokine ligand ( CCL ) 11 ( eotaxin : CCR 3 ligand ) , CCL 17 ( thymus and activation regulated chemokine : CCR 4 ligand ) and CCL 22 ( monocyte derived chemokine : CCR 4 ligand ) were readily detectable in the plasma of most participants . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P02778 and P49682 Pubmed SVM Score :0.0
CXCL 10 ( IP 10 ) acting on CXCR 3 expressed on activated Th 1 cells , and CCL 22 ( MDC ) acting on CCR 4 and 8 expressed on activated Th 2 cells . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P02778 and P49682 Pubmed SVM Score :0.0
Functional assays to evaluate CXCR 3 and CXCR 5 demonstrated that their ligands CXCL 10 and CXCL 13 , respectively significantly induce the release of beta N acetylhexosaminidase , an enzyme involved in endochondral ossification and bone remodeling able to degrade important extracellular matrix components . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P02778 and P49682 Pubmed SVM Score :0.0
We evaluated CXCR 3 expression on T cells and levels of its ligand CXCL 10 in blood and cerebrospinal fluid ( CSF ) of 22 patients with relapsing remitting multiple sclerosis ( RR MS ) in association with magnetic resonance imaging ( MRI ) disease activity . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P02778 and P49682 Pubmed SVM Score :0.0
CCR 3 functional responses are regulated by both CXCR 3 and its ligands CXCL 9 , CXCL 10 and CXCL 11 . ^^^ The chemokine receptor CXCR 3 is predominantly expressed on T lymphocytes , and its agonists CXCL 9 , CXCL 10 and CXCL 11 are IFN gamma inducible chemokines that promote Th 1 responses . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P02778 and P49682 Pubmed SVM Score :0.0
High CXCR 3 expression in synovial mast cells associated with CXCL 9 and CXCL 10 expression in inflammatory synovial tissues of patients with rheumatoid arthritis . ^^^ These experiments revealed that Cys 10 Cys receptor ( CXCR ) 1 , CXCR 2 and CXCR 3 mRNAs , as well as Cys 10 Cys ligand ( CXCL ) 9 ( monokine induced by IFN gamma ) and CXCL 10 ( IFN gamma inducible protein 10 ) mRNAs , were significantly upregulated in RA as compared with OA disease . ^^^ These findings suggest that substantial expression of CXCR 3 protein on mast cells within synovial tissue from RA patients plays a significant role in the pathophysiology of RA , accompanied by elevated levels of the chemokines CXCL 9 and CXCL 10 . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P02778 and P49682 Pubmed SVM Score :0.0
These results coincided with reduced ICAM 1 and CXCR 3 transcript expression , macrophage inflammatory protein 1alpha and CXCL 10 levels , and corneal pathology but increased viral titers in the stroma and trigeminal ganglion . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P02778 and P49682 Pubmed SVM Score :0.0
In addition , the relative roles of the chemokines that bind CXCR 3 ( CXCL 9 , CXCL 10 , CXCL 11 ) and CCR 5 ( CCL 3 , CCL 4 , CCL 5 ) in this process are unknown . ^^^ T lymphoblasts migrated in vitro to CXCR 3 ligands with a relative potency of CXCL 10 > CXCL 11 > CXCL 9 , but these cells demonstrated much less chemotaxis to the CCR 5 ligands . ^^^ Thus , CXCR 3 ligands are more chemotactic than CCR 5 ligands in vitro ; however , in vivo , CXCL 10 and CCL 5 have comparable T cell recruiting activities to cutaneous sites and are more potent than the other CXCR 3 and CCR 5 chemokines . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P02778 and P49682 Pubmed SVM Score :0.0
Because IFN gamma inducible chemokines , Mig ( CXCL 9 ) , IP 10 ( CXCL 10 ) , 1 TAC ( CXCL 11 ) and their receptor , CXCR 3 , are critical molecules in T cell trafficking and generation of effector T cells , we examined their expression in the muscle biopsies of patients with sporadic inclusion body myositis ( s IBM ) and disease controls . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P02778 and P49682 Pubmed SVM Score :0.0
Human microvascular endothelial cell line 1 ( HMEC 1 ) , transfected with either the known CXCR 3 ( renamed CXCR 3 A ) or CXCR 3 B , bound CXCL 9 , CXCL 10 , and CXCL 11 , whereas CXCL 4 showed high affinity only for CXCR 3 B . ^^^ Remarkably , primary cultures of human microvascular endothelial cells , whose growth is inhibited by CXCL 9 , CXCL 10 , CXCL 11 , and CXCL 4 , expressed CXCR 3 B , but not CXCR 3 A . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P02778 and P49682 Pubmed SVM Score :0.0
Lesional keratinocytes also overexpressed the ligands of CXCR 3 , namely , MIG / CXCL9 , CXCL 10 , and 1 TAC / CXCL11 . ^^^ Furthermore , the presence of CCL 5 and CXCL 10 in the cytolytic granules of tissue infiltrating CD 8 ( + ) T cells expressing CCR 5 and CXCR 3 reveals a potential self recruiting mechanism involving activated effector cytotoxic T cells . . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P02778 and P49682 Pubmed SVM Score :0.0
Therefore , we analyzed the expression of CXC chemokine receptors ( CXCR 1 , CXCR 2 , CXCR 3 , CXCR 4 and CXCR 5 ) and ligands ( CXCL 8 , CXCL 10 , CXCL 12 and CXCL 13 ) both at molecular and protein levels , in human OCs grown on plastic or calcium phosphate coated slides at different stages of differentiation . ^^^ Immunocytochemistry showed that OCs grown on plastic expressed CXCR 3 , CXCR 4 , CXCR 5 , CXCL 8 and CXCL 12 , while they were negative for CXCR 1 , CXCR 2 and CXCL 10 . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P02778 and P49682 Pubmed SVM Score :0.0
As a control , the BAL fluids were also analyzed for levels of interferon inducible protein 10 ( IP 10 ) ( CXCL 10 ) , an IFN gamma induced chemokine active on CXCR 3 , a chemokine receptor that is preferentially expressed on TH 1 lymphocytes . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P02778 and P49682 Pubmed SVM Score :0.0
Among the potent Th 1 type chemokines inhibited were the CXCR 3 ligands CXCL 9 and CXCL 10 , which could directly inhibit vector mediated gene expression in myoblasts , although targeting CXCR 3 or its ligands did not prolong allograft survival with vIL 10 gene transfer . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P02778 and P49682 Pubmed SVM Score :0.0
CXCR 3 binding chemokine CXCL 10 ( IP 10 ) markedly enhances antigen specific Th 1 recall responses in healthy humans , suggesting a role for this pathway in maintenance of clinical tolerance to environmental allergens as well as a potential therapeutic role for CXCR 3 ligands in re balancing the Th 2 dominated responses that underlie generation and maintenance of allergic disorders . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P02778 and P49682 Pubmed SVM Score :0.0
CXCR 3 , predominately expressed on memory / activated T cells , is a receptor for both interferon gamma inducible protein 10 / CXC ligand 10 ( CXCL 10 ) and monokine induced by interferon gamma / CXCL9 . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P02778 and P49682 Pubmed SVM Score :0.0
The expression of the CXCR 3 ligands CXCL 9 and CXCL 10 was significantly higher than the other chemokines investigated . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P02778 and P49682 Pubmed SVM Score :0.0
CXCR 3 is a chemokine receptor predominantly expressed on T lymphocytes , and binds the chemokines CXCL 9 ( Mig ) , CXCL 10 ( IP 10 ) and CXCL 11 ( 1 TAC ) . ^^^ In contrast , the N terminus and first extracellular loop of CXCR 3 play some role in CXCL 10 and CXCL 11 mediated activation but are dispensable for CXCL 9 induced signaling . ^^^ The third extracellular loop of CXCR 3 is important only for CXCL 9 and CXCL 10 induced chemotaxis . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P02778 and P49682 Pubmed SVM Score :0.0
The ELR negative CXC chemokines CXCL 9 , CXCL 10 , and CXCL 11 ) are potent chemoattractants for mononuclear cells and act through their shared receptor , CXCR 3 . ^^^ We performed studies in a rat orthotopic lung transplantation model of acute rejection , and demonstrated increased expression of CXCL 9 and CXCL 10 paralleling the recruitment of mononuclear cells and cells expressing CXCR 3 to the allograft . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P02778 and P49682 Pubmed SVM Score :0.0
We now show that islet allograft rejection is associated with a steady increase in intragraft expression of the chemokines CCL 8 ( monocyte chemoattractant protein 2 ) , CCL 9 ( monocyte chemoattractant protein 5 ) , CCL 5 ( RANTES ) , CXCL 10 ( IFN gamma inducible protein 10 ) , and CXCL 9 ( monokine induced by IFN gamma ) and their corresponding chemokine receptors CCR 2 , CCR 5 , CCR 1 , and CXCR 3 . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P02778 and P49682 Pubmed SVM Score :0.0
Using GTPgammaS binding , Ca ( 2+ ) mobilization , and chemotaxis assays , we demonstrate that the C terminally truncated CXCL 10 variant is a potent ligand for CXCR 3 . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P02778 and P49682 Pubmed SVM Score :0.0
The effects of two regulatory cytokines , TNFalpha and IFNgamma , on the expression of CD 54 ( ICAM 1 ) and CD 106 ( VCAM 1 ) adhesion molecules and the CXCR 3 ligands ( CXCL 9 , CXCL 10 , CXCL 11 ) , were assessed in a primary culture of human OB by real time PCR , flow cytometry , and immunohistochemistry . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P02778 and P49682 Pubmed SVM Score :0.0
In this study , we investigated the production of the CXCR 3 agonistic chemokines CXCL 9 , CXCL 10 , and CXCL 11 by synovial tissue cells and synovial fibroblast cell lines ( fourth or fifth passage ) from RA patients . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P02778 and P49682 Pubmed SVM Score :0.0
We also tested the acute effect of recombinant CXCL 10 applied to slices from normal C57Bl / 6J mice , CXCL 10 TG mice and CXCR 3 knock out ( KO ) mice . ^^^ The effect was probably receptor mediated because CXCL 10 induced inhibition of LTP was not observed in CXCR 3 KO mice . ^^^ Our findings suggest that acute exposure to CXCL 10 alters synaptic plasticity via CXCR 3 in mouse hippocampus . . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P02778 and P49682 Pubmed SVM Score :0.0
The expression of the chemokine receptor CXCR 3 and its ligand , CXCL 10 , in human breast adenocarcinoma cell lines . ^^^ The present study focuses on CXCL 10 , a CXC chemokine that was recently suggested to have anti malignant properties , and its corresponding receptor CXCR 3 . ^^^ Unlike many other chemokine receptors , CXCR 3 expression was not down regulated by exposure to high concentrations ( 500ng / ml ) of its ligand , CXCL 10 , but rather was promoted . ^^^ CXCL 10 induced up regulation of CXCR 3 expression in the three cell lines was inhibited by cycloheximide , indicating that de novo protein synthesis is required for this process . ^^^ In addition to CXCR 3 , the secretion of CXCL 10 was noted in the MDA MB 231 , MCF 7 and T47D cells . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P02778 and P49682 Pubmed SVM Score :0.0
The lymphocyte chemoattractant CXCL 10 and its receptor , CXCR 3 , are expressed by the CNS and by CNS infiltrating lymphocytes , respectively , only in patients with ongoing CNS inflammation , suggesting an important role for these molecules in the pathogenic process . ^^^ Finally , it will define directions for future analyses of CXCL 10 and CXCR 3 in CNS inflammation so that their potential therapeutic utility can be more completely determined . . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P02778 and P49682 Pubmed SVM Score :0.0
In the present study we identified a link between CXCL 10 overexpression in the brain and human immunodeficiency virus dementia and demonstrated the presence of the chemokine CXCL 10 and its receptor , CXCR 3 , in the neurons in the brains of macaques with simian human immunodeficiency virus encephalitis . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P02778 and P49682 Pubmed SVM Score :0.0
Importantly , such a stimulation of metastasis was largely suppressed when CXCR 3 expression in B16F10 cells was reduced by antisense RNA or when mice were treated with specific antibodies against CXCL 9 and CXCL 10 . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P02778 and P49682 Pubmed SVM Score :0.0
We also show that CXCR 3 and CXCR 4 are expressed by both blood derived pDCs and pDCs isolated from RA and PA SF and that CXCL 10 , CXCL 11 , and CXCL 12 present in RA and PA SF stimulate chemotaxis of blood derived pDCs . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P02778 and P49682 Pubmed SVM Score :0.0
CSF concentrations of CXCL 10 correlated with the CSF leucocyte count in ON patients , and CXCR 3 expressing cells were significantly enriched in the CSF . ^^^ CONCLUSION : These data show that the CSF concentration of the CXCR 3 ligand CXCL 10 is selectively increased in CSF from ON patients , and CXCR 3 positive cells are recruited to the subarachnoid space . . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P02778 and P49682 Pubmed SVM Score :0.0
This is associated with a failure of CD 4 cells to differentiate into effector cells and to up regulate the IFN gamma dependent chemokine receptor CXCR 3 , which confers the ability to respond to pancreatic islet derived CXCL 10 . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P02778 and P49682 Pubmed SVM Score :0.0
Most impressively , mRNA for CXCR 3 , the receptor for CXCL 9 and CXCL 10 , was massively up regulated in the lungs of SARS CoV infected mice . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P02778 and P49682 Pubmed SVM Score :0.0
We recently identified CXCR 3 , the corresponding receptor for CXCL 10 , in microglia and demonstrated that this receptor system controls microglial migration . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P02778 and P49682 Pubmed SVM Score :0.0
Expression of the CXCR 3 chemokine receptor supports a direct effect of CXCL 10 on hippocampal neurons . . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P02778 and P49682 Pubmed SVM Score :0.0
T lymphocytes are the most important effectors of immunity , and the CXCR 3 ligands CXCL 9 and CXCL 10 may play an important role in the T cell mediated clearance of rickettsiae from the infected vasculature as suggested by recent expression studies . ^^^ Here we showed that antibody mediated neutralization of CXCL 9 and CXCL 10 , and CXCR 3 gene knockout , had no effect on survival or bacterial loads of mice infected with rickettsiae . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P02778 and P49682 Pubmed SVM Score :0.0
We have also found that uNK cells and blood NK cells express the receptor for CXCL 10 and CXCL 11 , CXCR 3 , with the highest expression found on uNK cells and CD 56 ( bright ) blood NK cells . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P02778 and P49682 Pubmed SVM Score :0.0
Human interferon inducible protein 10 ( IP 10 ; HGMW approved gene symbol CXCL 10 ) is an ELR ( ) CXC chemokine that contains binding domains for both the chemokine receptor CXCR 3 and glycosaminoglycans . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P02778 and P49682 Pubmed SVM Score :0.0
The CXCR 3 ligands , CXCL 9 ( monokine induced by IFN gamma ) and CXCL 10 ( IFN inducible protein , 10 kDa ) , are IFN gamma inducible , Th 1 type chemokines . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P02778 and P49682 Pubmed SVM Score :0.0
CXCL 11 ( ITAC ) is one of three chemokines known to bind the receptor CXCR 3 , the two others being CXCL 9 ( Mig ) and CXCL 10 ( IP 10 ) . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P02778 and P49682 Pubmed SVM Score :0.0
Because both CXCL 10 and CXCR 3 were , unexpectedly , coexpressed on insulin producing cells , CXCL 10 was considered to affect mature and premature beta cells in an autocrine and / or paracrine fashion . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P02778 and P49682 Pubmed SVM Score :0.0
CXCL 10 binds to CXCR 3 receptor ( a G protein coupled receptor ) and acts via Gialpha protein . ^^^ The purpose of the present study was to determine the effects of overexpression of CXCL 10 by transfection experiments in MA 10 cells on cell growth , CXCR 3 expression , progesterone synthesis and steroidogenic acute regulatory protein ( StAR D 1 , a key regulatory factor in steroidogenesis ) gene expression . ^^^ The production of CXCL 10 mRNA ranged from 30 50 fold more ( n=6 ) in the transfected cells than the control cells , as determined by semiquantitative and real time RT PCR . 8 Br cAMP downregulated CXCL 10 mRNA expression and stimulated CXCR 3 mRNA expression . ^^^ Interestingly , overexpression of CXCL 10 induced the expression of its receptor CXCR 3 gene , as determined by RT PCR and fluorescence activated cell sorter ( FACS ) analysis . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P02778 and P49682 Pubmed SVM Score :0.0
Cellular characteristics of neuroblastoma cells : regulation by the ELR CXC chemokine CXCL 10 and expression of a CXCR 3 like receptor . ^^^ Altogether , these results suggest that CXCL 10 interacts with a CXCR 3 like receptor in neuroblastoma cell lines , raising the possibility that following the homing of the tumor cells to the bone marrow ( through a CXCL 10 independent mechanism ) , CXCL 10 may partly inhibit neuroblastoma cell growth at this site . . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P02778 and P49682 Pubmed SVM Score :0.0
In this study , we evaluated the roles of the chemokines MIG ( CXCL 9 ) , IP 10 ( CXCL 10 ) , and 1 TAC ( CXCL 11 ) and their common receptor , CXCR 3 . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P02778 and P49682 Pubmed SVM Score :0.0
Ischemia induced by femoral artery ligature improved the number of CXCR 3 expressing cells and the level of its ligand , CXCL 10 . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P02778 and P49682 Pubmed SVM Score :0.0
METHODS : Using flow cytometry , immunohistochemistry , confocal microscopy analysis and chemotaxis assays we evaluated whether CXCL 10 and its receptor CXCR 3 regulate the trafficking of CD 8 ( + ) T cells in HP lung . ^^^ However , T cells accumulating in the BAL of HP were CXCR 3 ( + ) / IFNgamma ( + ) Tc 1 cells exhibiting a strong in vitro migratory capability in response to CXCL 10 . ^^^ Alveolar macrophages expressed and secreted , in response to IFN gamma , definite levels of CXCL 10 capable of inducing chemotaxis of the CXCR 3 ( + ) T cell line . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P02778 and P49682 Pubmed SVM Score :0.0
IFNgamma inducible protein 10 ( CXCL 10 ) and its receptor , CXCR 3 . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P02778 and P49682 Pubmed SVM Score :0.0
The three CXCR 3 ligands CXCL 9 , CXCL 10 , and CXCL 11 are produced at sites of inflammation and elicit migration of pathological Th 1 cells . ^^^ NBI 74330 demonstrated potent inhibition of [ ( 125 ) 1 ] CXCL 10 and [ ( 125 ) 1 ] CXCL 11 specific binding ( K ( 1 ) of 1 . 5 and 3 . 2 nM , respectively ) and of functional responses mediated by CXCR 3 , such as ligand induced guanosine 5 ' O ( 3 [ ( 35 ) S ] thio ) triphosphate ( [ ( 35 ) S ] GTPgammaS ) binding , calcium mobilization , and cellular chemotaxis ( IC ( 50 ) of 7 to 18 nM ) . ^^^ There was a striking difference in potencies among the three CXCR 3 ligands , with CXCL 11 > > CXCL 10 > CXCL 9 . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P02778 and P49682 Pubmed SVM Score :0.0
We demonstrate that infection of primary cultures of human airway epithelial cells , or of the BEAS 2B human bronchial epithelial cell line , with human rhinovirus type 16 ( HRV 16 ) induces expression of CXCL 10 [ IFN gamma inducible protein 10 ( IP 10 ) ] , a ligand for the CXCR 3 receptor found on activated type 1 T lymphocytes and natural killer cells . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P02778 and P49682 Pubmed SVM Score :0.0
The chemokines ( CXCL 9 , CXCL 10 and CXCL 11 ) and associated CXCR 3 receptor are expressed during the inflammatory process from multiple sclerosis , atherosclerosis or organ transplantation resulting in the recruitment of lymphocytes leading to tissue damage . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P02778 and P49682 Pubmed SVM Score :0.0
Of the 12 chemokines analyzed , mRNAs for two , CXCL 10 and CXCL 11 , ligands for the chemokine receptor CXCR 3 , were up regulated in both cell types upon infection by HIV 1 . ^^^ Because CCR 5 on CD4+ T cells is found predominantly on cells that also express CXCR 3 , these data implicate CXCL 10 and CXCL 11 in the recruitment of susceptible T cells to HIV 1 infected lymph nodes , macrophages , and dendritic cells . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P02778 and P49682 Pubmed SVM Score :0.0
The present study investigated the role of the receptor for CXCL 9 and CXCL 10 in the host response to HSV 1 infection using mice deficient in CXCR 3 expression ( CXCR 3 / ) . ^^^ Coinciding with the increase in virus titer , CCL 5 , CXCL 9 , CXCL 10 and IFN gamma protein levels were enhanced in the trigeminal ganglion and / or brain stem of the CXCR 3 / mice associated with a 2 fold increase in the percentage of CD3+CD8+ T lymphocytes in the trigeminal ganglion . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P02778 and P49682 Pubmed SVM Score :0.0
The chemokine IFN gamma inducible protein 10 ( IP 10 ; CXCL 10 ) , a CXC chemokine , and its receptor , CXCR 3 , were found to be overexpressed in lymph node cells of EAMG rats . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P02778 and P49682 Pubmed SVM Score :0.0
From each blood sample PBMCs were separated and gene expression levels for chemokines CCL 3 , CCL 4 , CCL 5 , CXCL 10 , and their receptors CCR 1 , CCR 5 , and CXCR 3 , were determined using real time quantitative PCR . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P02778 and P49682 Pubmed SVM Score :0.0
Similar kinetics of expression were found for the chemokines CCL 5 , CCL 4 , CCL 3 and CXCL 10 and for the receptors CCR 5 and CXCR 3 , all of them linked to the Th 1 type pattern . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P02778 and P49682 Pubmed SVM Score :0.0
RESULTS : In the present study , we identified the CXCR 3 ligands CXCL 9 ( interferon gamma [ IFNgamma ] induced monokine ) , CXCL 10 ( IFNgamma inducible protein 10 ) , and CXCL 11 ( IFN inducible T cell alpha chemoattractant ) as being the most abundantly expressed chemokine family members in cutaneous LE . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P02778 and P49682 Pubmed SVM Score :0.0
Increased expression of CXCR 3 and CCR 5 on memory CD4+ T cells migrating into the cerebrospinal fluid of patients with neuroborreliosis : the role of CXCL 10 and CXCL 11 . ^^^ The aim of this study was to evaluate the contribution of chemokine receptor CXCR 3 and the corresponding ligands CXCL 10 and CXCL 11 to the recruitment of peripheral blood ( PB ) memory CD4+ T cells into the cerebrospinal fluid ( CSF ) of patients with acute neuroborreliosis . ^^^ Our results suggest that CXCL 10 and CXCL 11 create a chemokine gradient between the CSF and serum and recruite CXCR 3 expressing memory CD4+ T cells into the CSF of neuroborreliosis patients and that CCR 5 also plays a role in this process . . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P02778 and P49682 Pubmed SVM Score :0.0
Gene and protein expression of CXCL 10 , CXCL 9 , and CXCR 3 was significantly lower in IFN gamma / compared with DBA / 1 WT thyroids . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P02778 and P49682 Pubmed SVM Score :0.0
Through analysis of mononuclear cell infiltration in WT and IL 6 deficient mice during peritoneal inflammation , we now report that IL 6 selectively governs T cell infiltration by regulating chemokine secretion ( CXCL 10 , CCL 4 , CCL 5 , CCL 11 , and CCL 17 ) and chemokine receptor ( CCR 3 , CCR 4 , CCR 5 , and CXCR 3 ) expression on the CD3+ infiltrate . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P02778 and P49682 Pubmed SVM Score :0.0
The chemokine IP 10 ( CXCL 10 ) and its cellular receptor CXCR 3 are upregulated in the lung during murine gammaherpesvirus 68 ( MHV 68 ) infection . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P02778 and P49682 Pubmed SVM Score :0.0
The IFN gamma inducible and CXCR 3 targeting human CXC chemokines CXCL 9 ( Mig ) and CXCL 10 ( IP 10 ) have potent antitumor activity through attraction of cytotoxic T lymphocytes and inhibition of angiogenesis . ^^^ The more recently identified CXCR 3 targeting chemokine CXCL 11 ( 1 TAC / IP9 ) proved to be a more potent chemokine than CXCL 9 and CXCL 10 in vitro , both in chemotaxis assays with CXCR3+ T lymphocytes and in calcium mobilization experiments . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P02778 and P49682 Pubmed SVM Score :0.0
Here we demonstrate that in response to WNV infection , neurons secrete the chemokine CXCL 10 , which recruits effector T cells via the chemokine receptor CXCR 3 . ^^^ Neutralization or a genetic deficiency of CXCL 10 leads to a decrease in CXCR 3 ( + ) CD 8 ( + ) T cell trafficking , an increase in viral burden in the brain , and enhanced morbidity and mortality . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P02778 and P49682 Pubmed SVM Score :0.0
Thus , further study is needed to determine how CXCL 10 neutralizing agents or CXCR 3 receptor antagonists might be applied to treating human disease . . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P02778 and P49682 Pubmed SVM Score :0.0
Targeting the chemokine receptor CXCR 3 and its ligand CXCL 10 in the central nervous system : potential therapy for inflammatory demyelinating disease . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P02778 and P49682 Pubmed SVM Score :0.0
The functionality of the chemokine receptors CXCR 3 and CXCR 4 was demonstrated by transmigration assays with the chemokines CXCL 10 and CXCL 12 , respectively . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P02778 and P49682 Pubmed SVM Score :0.0
CXCR 3 is a Galpha ( 1 ) protein coupled receptor that binds the proinflammatory chemokines CXCL 9 , CXCL 10 , and CXCL 11 , which are released from the intestinal epithelium . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P02778 and P49682 Pubmed SVM Score :0.0
Serum ELISAs were performed to detect the CCR 5 ligands CCL 5 , CCL 3 ; the CXCR 3 ligands CXCL 10 , CXCL 9 ; and the CCR 4 ligand , CCL 17 before and after administration of the TNFalpha blocking agent infliximab . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P02778 and P49682 Pubmed SVM Score :0.0
MEASUREMENTS : We evaluated the expression of CXCR 3 and CCR 4 in blood and bronchoalveolar lavage ( BAL ) T lymphocytes by flow cytometry and the chemokine CXCL 10 , CXCL 11 and CCL 17 BAL concentration by singular immunoassay . ^^^ CXCL 10 levels correlated with the expression of CXCR 3 on BAL CD 4 cells . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P02778 and P49682 Pubmed SVM Score :0.0
Moreover , serum CXCL 10 level was associated with CXCL 10 and CXCR 3 mRNA level in pancreatic LN . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P02778 and P49682 Pubmed SVM Score :0.0
CXCR 3 mediated opposite effects of CXCL 10 and CXCL 4 on TH 1 or TH 2 cytokine production . ^^^ BACKGROUND : Two variants of the CXCR 3 receptor exist , one ( CXCR 3 A ) reactive with CXCL 9 , CXCL 10 , and CXCL 11 and the other ( CXCR 3 B ) also reactive with CXCL 4 . ^^^ The opposite effects of CXCL 10 and CXCL 4 on TH 1 and TH 2 cytokine production were inhibited by an anti CXCR 3 antibody able to neutralize both CXCR 3 A and CXCR 3 B and were apparently related to the activation of distinct signal transduction pathways . ^^^ CONCLUSION : CXCL 10 and CXCL 4 exert opposite effects on the production of human TH 1 and TH 2 cytokines , likely through their respective interaction with CXCR 3 A or CXCR 3 B and the consequent activation of different signal transduction pathways . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P02778 and P49682 Pubmed SVM Score :0.0
RESULTS : The 22 genes that were up regulated in the 21 F 2 samples relative to the 18 F 1 samples mainly encoded genes involved in cytoskeleton ( KRT 19 and SCG 10 ) , growth factors / cytokines ( CXCL 6 , interleukin 8 [ IL 8 ] , IL1A , IL 2 , and CXCL 10 ) , or growth factor receptors ( CCR 2 , CXCR 3 , and CXCR 4 ) , or were involved in extracellular matrix production ( COL1A1 , CHI3L , and SPP 1 ) , in extracellular matrix remodeling ( TIMP 1 , MMP 7 , and MMP 9 ) , and in cell junction ( ITGA 2 and CLDN 4 ) . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P02778 and P49682 Pubmed SVM Score :0.0
CXCR 3 and its ligands , CXCL 11 , CXCL 10 , and CXCL 9 , play a major role in T helper 1 ( Th 1 ) dependent inflammatory responses . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P02778 and P49682 Pubmed SVM Score :0.0
The data suggest that CNS infection provides strong stimuli to recruit ASC into the inflamed tissue through sustained up regulation of the CXCR 3 ligands CXCL 9 and CXCL 10 . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P02778 and P49682 Pubmed SVM Score :0.0
IL 16 / CD4 stimulation does not result in surface modulation of CXCR 3 or changes in CXCL 10 binding affinity . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P02778 and P49682 Pubmed SVM Score :0.0
The functional contribution of the CXCL 10 receptor CXCR 3 in host defense and disease in response to MHV infection was evaluated . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P02778 and P49682 Pubmed SVM Score :0.0
To understand the physiological role CXCR 3 plays in regulating endothelial function , we analyzed the ability of a CXCR 3 ligand , IP 10 ( CXCL 10 ) , to influence endothelial cell tube formation . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P02778 and P49682 Pubmed SVM Score :0.0
CXCR 3 , the receptor for CXCL 10 , CXCL 9 , and CXCL 11 , is preferentially expressed on activated Th 1 T cells and has been proposed to govern the migration of lymphocytes into the inflamed CNS during multiple sclerosis and EAE . ^^^ Unexpectedly , CXCL 10 deficient mice were susceptible to EAE , leaving uncertain what the role of CXCR 3 and its ligands might play in this disease model . ^^^ Taken with prior findings , our data show that CXCL 10 is the most relevant ligand for CXCR 3 in EAE . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P02778 and P49682 Pubmed SVM Score :0.0
CXCL 10 replacement partially restored Th 1 cell trafficking in STAT 1 deficient mice in vivo , and deficiency in CXCR 3 , the receptor for CXCL 9 , CXCL 10 , and CXCL 11 , impaired the trafficking of adoptively transferred Th 1 cells in wild type mice . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P02778 and P49682 Pubmed SVM Score :0.0
In addition to the chemokine , interferon gamma inducible protein 10 kDa ( IP 10 , CXCL 10 ) , the chemokine receptor , CXCR 3 , also recognizes two other chemokines ; monokine induced by IFN gamma ( MIG , CXCL 9 ) and IFN inducible T cell alpha chemoattractant ( 1 TAC , CXCL 11 ) . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P02778 and P49682 Pubmed SVM Score :0.0
Immunohistochemical studies revealed a decrease in the accumulation of CD4+ T cells , whereas quantitative polymerase chain reaction analysis of lesion rich aortic arches demonstrated a marked reduction in mRNA for CXCR 3 , the CXCL 10 chemokine receptor . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P02778 and P49682 Pubmed SVM Score :0.0
The chemokine receptor CXCR 3 and two of its ligands , CXCL 9 and CXCL 10 , have been identified as important mediators of OB . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P02778 and P49682 Pubmed SVM Score :0.0
In contrast , CD8+CCR7 CXCR3+ thymocytes lacked CD62L but exhibited CD 103 , similar to intraepithelial lymphocytes ( IELs ) present in the gut mucosa where the CXCR 3 ligand , CXCL 10 , and the CD 103 ligand , E cadherin , are highly and consistently expressed . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P02778 and P49682 Pubmed SVM Score :0.0
Three gamma interferon inducible chemokines activate CXCR 3 : CXCL 9 ( Mig ) , CXCL 10 ( IP 10 ) , and CXCL 11 ( 1 TAC ) . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P02778 and P49682 Pubmed SVM Score :0.0
We demonstrate that treatment of fetal neuronal cultures with exogenous CXCL 10 produced elevations in intracellular Ca ( 2+ ) and that this effect was modulated via the binding of CXCL 10 to its cognate receptor , CXCR 3 . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P02778 and P49682 Pubmed SVM Score :0.0
CXCL 10 is the key ligand for CXCR 3 on CD8+ effector T cells involved in immune surveillance of the lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus infected central nervous system . ^^^ Expression of both CXCL 10 and CXCR 3 are observed during immunopathological diseases of the CNS , and this receptor / ligand pair is thought to play a central role in regulating T cell mediated inflammation in this organ site . ^^^ However , analysis of the susceptibility of CXCL 10 deficient mice to lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus induced meningitis revealed that these mice just like CXCR 3 deficient mice were partially resistant to this disease , whereas wild type mice invariably died . ^^^ Thus , taken together these results indicate a central role for CXCL 10 in regulating the accumulation of effector T cells at sites of CNS inflammation , with no apparent compensatory effect of other CXCR 3 ligands . . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P02778 and P49682 Pubmed SVM Score :0.0
In contrast to CXC chemokine ligand 8 ( CXCL 8 ) , no CXC chemokine receptor 3 ( CXCR 3 ) ligand ( ie CXCL 9 , CXCL 10 and CXCL 11 ) was induced by bacterial TLR ligands in human microvascular endothelial cells ( HMVEC ) . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P02778 and P49682 Pubmed SVM Score :0.0
Interaction of CXCR 3 ligands , CXCL 9 , CXCL 10 , and CXCL 11 , with CXCR 3 on the highly malignant murine mammary tumor cell line 66 . 1 resulted in intracellular calcium mobilization and chemotaxis in vitro . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P02778 and P49682 Pubmed SVM Score :0.0
CXC chemokine receptor 3 ( CXCR 3 ) , predominately expressed on memory / activated T lymphocytes , is a receptor for both IFN gamma inducible protein 10 ( gamma IP 10 ) and monokine induced by IFN gamma ( Mig ) . ^^^ We report a novel finding that CXCR 3 is also expressed on eosinophils . gamma IP 10 and Mig induce eosinophil chemotaxis via CXCR 3 , as documented by the fact that anti CXCR 3 mAb blocks gamma IP 10 and Mig induced eosinophil chemotaxis . gamma IP 10 and Mig induced eosinophil chemotaxis are up and down regulated by IL 2 and IL 10 , respectively . ^^^ Correspondingly , CXCR 3 protein and mRNA expressions in eosinophils are up and down regulated by IL 2 and IL 10 , respectively , as detected using flow cytometry , immunocytochemical assay , and a real time quantitative RT PCR technique . gamma IP 10 and Mig act eosinophils to induce chemotaxis via the cAMP dependent protein kinase A signaling pathways . ^^^ The fact that gamma IP 10 and Mig induce an increase in intracellular calcium in eosinophils confirms that CXCR 3 exists on eosinophils . ^^^ These results indicate that CXCR 3 gamma IP 10 and Mig receptor ligand pairs as well as the effects of IL 2 and IL 10 on them may be especially important in the cytokine / chemokine environment for the pathophysiologic events of allergic inflammation , including initiation , progression , and termination in the processes . . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P02778 and P49682 Pubmed SVM Score :0.0
CXC chemokine receptor 3 ( CXCR 3 ) , which is known to be expressed predominately on memory and activated T lymphocytes , is a receptor for both interferon gamma ( IFN gamma ) inducible protein 10 ( gamma IP 10 ) and monokine induced by IFN gamma ( Mig ) . ^^^ Freshly isolated CD 34 ( + ) progenitors expressed low levels of CXCR 3 messenger RNA , but this expression was highly up regulated by GM CSF , as indicated by a real time quantitative reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction technique . gamma IP 10 and Mig induced chemotaxis of GM CSF stimulated CD 34 ( + ) progenitors by means of CXCR 3 , since an anti CXCR 3 monoclonal antibody ( mAb ) was found to block gamma IP 10 induced and Mig induced CD 34 ( + ) progenitor chemotaxis . ^^^ These chemotactic attracted CD 34 ( + ) progenitors are colony forming units granulocyte macrophage . gamma IP 10 and Mig also induced GM CSF stimulated CD 34 ( + ) progenitor adhesion and aggregation by means of CXCR 3 , a finding confirmed by the observation that anti CXCR 3 mAb blocked these functions of gammaIP 10 and Mig but not of chemokine stromal cell derived factor 1 alpha . gamma IP 10 induced and Mig induced up regulation of integrins ( CD49a and CD49b ) was found to play a crucial role in adhesion of GM CSF stimulated CD 34 ( + ) progenitors . ^^^ Moreover , gamma IP 10 and Mig stimulated CXCR 3 redistribution and cellular polarization in GM CSF stimulated CD 34 ( + ) progenitors . ^^^ These results indicate that CXCR 3 gamma IP 10 and CXCR 3 Mig receptor ligand pairs , as well as the effects of GM CSF on them , may be especially important in the cytokine / chemokine environment for the physiologic and pathophysiologic events of differentiation of CD 34 ( + ) hematopoietic progenitors into lymphoid and myeloid stem cells , subsequently immune and inflammatory cells . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P02778 and P49682 Pubmed SVM Score :0.0
CXCR 3 , known to have four ligands ( IFN gamma inducible protein 10 ( gamma IP 10 ) , monokine induced by IFN gamma ( Mig ) , 1 TAC , and 6Ckine ) , is predominantly expressed on memory / activated T lymphocytes . ^^^ We recently reported that GM CSF induces CXCR 3 expression on CD 34 ( + ) hemopoietic progenitors , in which gamma IP 10 and Mig induce chemotaxis and adhesion . ^^^ Thus , GM CSF binds to its receptor CD 116 , and consequently activates Syk phosphorylation , which leads to induce CXCR 3 expression . gamma IP 10 and Mig can induce Syk , Cbl , and Cbl b phosphorylation in CD 34 ( + ) progenitors by means of CXCR 3 . gamma IP 10 or Mig has induced neither chemotaxis nor adhesion in GM CSF stimulated Cbl b blocked CD 34 ( + ) hemopoietic progenitors , whereas SDF 1alpha induces both chemotaxis and adhesion in these cells . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P02778 and P49682 Pubmed SVM Score :0.0
IFNbeta markedly upregulated CXCR 3 ligand chemokines ( SCYB 11 , SCYB 10 and SCYB 9 ) chiefly active on effector T helper type 1 ( Th 1 ) T cells , and CCR 2 ligand chemokines ( SCYA 8 and SCYA 2 ) effective on monocytes , whereas it downregulated CXCR 2 ligand chemokines ( SCYB 2 , SCYB 1 and IL 8 ) primarily active on neutrophils . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P02778 and P49682 Pubmed SVM Score :0.0
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CXC chemokine receptor 3 ( CXCR 3 ) , predominately expressed on memory / activated T lymphocytes , is a receptor for both IFN gamma inducible protein 10 ( gamma IP 10 ) and monokine induced by IFN gamma ( Mig ) . ^^^ We report a novel finding that CXCR 3 is also expressed on eosinophils . gamma IP 10 and Mig induce eosinophil chemotaxis via CXCR 3 , as documented by the fact that anti CXCR 3 mAb blocks gamma IP 10 and Mig induced eosinophil chemotaxis . gamma IP 10 and Mig induced eosinophil chemotaxis are up and down regulated by IL 2 and IL 10 , respectively . ^^^ Correspondingly , CXCR 3 protein and mRNA expressions in eosinophils are up and down regulated by IL 2 and IL 10 , respectively , as detected using flow cytometry , immunocytochemical assay , and a real time quantitative RT PCR technique . gamma IP 10 and Mig act eosinophils to induce chemotaxis via the cAMP dependent protein kinase A signaling pathways . ^^^ The fact that gamma IP 10 and Mig induce an increase in intracellular calcium in eosinophils confirms that CXCR 3 exists on eosinophils . ^^^ These results indicate that CXCR 3 gamma IP 10 and Mig receptor ligand pairs as well as the effects of IL 2 and IL 10 on them may be especially important in the cytokine / chemokine environment for the pathophysiologic events of allergic inflammation , including initiation , progression , and termination in the processes . . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P49682 and P02778 Pubmed SVM Score :0.0
CXC chemokine receptor 3 ( CXCR 3 ) , which is known to be expressed predominately on memory and activated T lymphocytes , is a receptor for both interferon gamma ( IFN gamma ) inducible protein 10 ( gamma IP 10 ) and monokine induced by IFN gamma ( Mig ) . ^^^ Freshly isolated CD 34 ( + ) progenitors expressed low levels of CXCR 3 messenger RNA , but this expression was highly up regulated by GM CSF , as indicated by a real time quantitative reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction technique . gamma IP 10 and Mig induced chemotaxis of GM CSF stimulated CD 34 ( + ) progenitors by means of CXCR 3 , since an anti CXCR 3 monoclonal antibody ( mAb ) was found to block gamma IP 10 induced and Mig induced CD 34 ( + ) progenitor chemotaxis . ^^^ These chemotactic attracted CD 34 ( + ) progenitors are colony forming units granulocyte macrophage . gamma IP 10 and Mig also induced GM CSF stimulated CD 34 ( + ) progenitor adhesion and aggregation by means of CXCR 3 , a finding confirmed by the observation that anti CXCR 3 mAb blocked these functions of gammaIP 10 and Mig but not of chemokine stromal cell derived factor 1 alpha . gamma IP 10 induced and Mig induced up regulation of integrins ( CD49a and CD49b ) was found to play a crucial role in adhesion of GM CSF stimulated CD 34 ( + ) progenitors . ^^^ Moreover , gamma IP 10 and Mig stimulated CXCR 3 redistribution and cellular polarization in GM CSF stimulated CD 34 ( + ) progenitors . ^^^ These results indicate that CXCR 3 gamma IP 10 and CXCR 3 Mig receptor ligand pairs , as well as the effects of GM CSF on them , may be especially important in the cytokine / chemokine environment for the physiologic and pathophysiologic events of differentiation of CD 34 ( + ) hematopoietic progenitors into lymphoid and myeloid stem cells , subsequently immune and inflammatory cells . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P49682 and P02778 Pubmed SVM Score :0.0
Serial analysis of allografts showed that intragraft expression of the three chemokine ligands for the CXC chemo kine receptor CXCR 3 was induced in the order of interferon ( IFN ) gamma inducible protein of 10 kD ( IP 10 , or CXCL 10 ) , IFN inducible T cell alpha chemoattractant ( 1 TAC ; CXCL 11 ) , and then monokine induced by IFN gamma ( Mig , CXCL 9 ) . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P49682 and P02778 Pubmed SVM Score :0.0
Cxcr 3 and its ligand CXCL 10 are expressed by inflammatory cells infiltrating lung allografts and mediate chemotaxis of T cells at sites of rejection . ^^^ Immunohistochemical examination showed that areas characterized by acute cellular rejection ( grades 1 to 4 ) and active obliterative bronchiolitis ( chronic rejection , Ca ) were infiltrated by T cells expressing CXCR 3 , i . e . , the specific receptor for CXCL 10 . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P49682 and P02778 Pubmed SVM Score :0.0
Here , the biological activity and expression patterns of murine CXCL 11 relative to CXCL 9 ( MIG ) and CXCL 10 ( IP 10 / crg 2 ) , the other two CXCR 3 ligands , were assessed . ^^^ Calcium mobilization and chemotaxis experiments demonstrated that murine CXCL 11 stimulated murine CXCR 3 at much lower doses than murine CXCL 9 or murine CXCL 10 . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P49682 and P02778 Pubmed SVM Score :0.0
Differential expression of CXCR 3 targeting chemokines CXCL 10 , CXCL 9 , and CXCL 11 in different types of skin inflammation . ^^^ As CXCR 3 activating chemokines CXCL 10 ( IP 10 ) , CXCL 9 ( Mig ) , and CXCL 11 ( IP 9 / I TAC ) specifically attract activated T cells , this study addressed the question of whether differences in the expression of these chemokines correlate with the site and cellular composition of the skin infiltrates in different types of inflammatory skin disease . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P49682 and P02778 Pubmed SVM Score :0.0
CXCR 3 , known to have four ligands ( IFN gamma inducible protein 10 ( gamma IP 10 ) , monokine induced by IFN gamma ( Mig ) , 1 TAC , and 6Ckine ) , is predominantly expressed on memory / activated T lymphocytes . ^^^ We recently reported that GM CSF induces CXCR 3 expression on CD 34 ( + ) hemopoietic progenitors , in which gamma IP 10 and Mig induce chemotaxis and adhesion . ^^^ Thus , GM CSF binds to its receptor CD 116 , and consequently activates Syk phosphorylation , which leads to induce CXCR 3 expression . gamma IP 10 and Mig can induce Syk , Cbl , and Cbl b phosphorylation in CD 34 ( + ) progenitors by means of CXCR 3 . gamma IP 10 or Mig has induced neither chemotaxis nor adhesion in GM CSF stimulated Cbl b blocked CD 34 ( + ) hemopoietic progenitors , whereas SDF 1alpha induces both chemotaxis and adhesion in these cells . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P49682 and P02778 Pubmed SVM Score :0.0
Since chemokine receptors CXCR 3 and CCR 5 are preferentially expressed on Th 1 cells , we tested the expression and regulation of several chemokines , including those that signal through CXCR 3 ( interferon gamma inducible protein of 10 kDa , IP 10 , CXCL 10 ; and monokine induced by interferon gamma , Mig , CXCL 9 ) and CCR 5 ( macrophage inflammatory protein ( Mip ) 1 alpha , CCL 3 ; and Mip 1 beta , CCL 4 ) in RA synovial fluids , synovial tissues , and blood . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P49682 and P02778 Pubmed SVM Score :0.0
The fact that osteoblasts did not express CXCR 3 mRNA , whereas T lymphocytes can express high levels of this receptor , suggests that osteoblast derived CXCL 10 may recruit T lymphocytes to the sites of bone infections . . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P49682 and P02778 Pubmed SVM Score :0.0
Using neutralizing mAbs to IFN induced protein 10 ( CXCL 10 ) , monokine induced by IFN gamma ( CXCL 9 ) , and IFN inducible T cell alpha chemoattractant ( 1 TAC ; CXCL 11 ) , we found that even though 1 TAC was secreted from IFN gamma activated HSVEC to lower levels than IFN induced protein 10 or the monokine induced by IFN gamma , it was the principal chemokine responsible for CXCR 3 internalization . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P49682 and P02778 Pubmed SVM Score :0.0
Concentrations of CXCL 10 were significantly greater in patients with relapsing remitting compared with secondary progressive MS and correlated significantly with CXCR 3 expression on CSF CD 4 ( + ) T cells from patients with MS . ^^^ Correlation of CXCL 10 with CD 4 ( + ) T cell expression of CXCR 3 was consistent with its chemoattractant role for activated lymphocytes . ^^^ Thus CXCL 10 neutralising agents and CXCR 3 receptor antagonists may be therapeutic targets in MS . . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P49682 and P02778 Pubmed SVM Score :0.0
Increased expression of the chemokine receptor CXCR 3 and its ligand CXCL 10 in peripheral airways of smokers with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease . ^^^ To investigate the expression of CXCR 3 and its ligand interferon induced protein 10 / CXCL10 in COPD , we counted the number of CXCR 3 ( + ) cells and analyzed the expression of CXCL 10 in the peripheral airways of 19 patients undergoing lung resection for localized pulmonary lesions . ^^^ Immunoreactivity for the CXCR 3 ligand CXCL 10 was present in the bronchiolar epithelium of smokers with COPD but not in the bronchiolar epithelium of smoking and nonsmoking control subjects . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P49682 and P02778 Pubmed SVM Score :0.0
Type 2 T cells have been shown to be preferentially recruited by the chemokines eotaxin ( CCL 11 ) , macrophage derived chemokine ( MDC , CCL 22 ) , and thymus activation regulated chemokine ( CCL 17 ) through their interaction with CCR 3 and CCR 4 , respectively , whereas type 1 T cells are mainly recruited by IFN gamma induced protein 10 ( CXCL 10 ) through CXCR 3 binding . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P49682 and P02778 Pubmed SVM Score :0.0
Multiple sclerosis : a study of CXCL 10 and CXCR 3 co localization in the inflamed central nervous system . ^^^ These data suggest a critical role for CXCL 10 and CXCR 3 in the accumulation of T cells in the CNS of MS patients . . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P49682 and P02778 Pubmed SVM Score :0.0
Induction of gene expression of CXCL9 / Mig and CXCL 10 and their receptor CXCR 3 was confirmed in the draining LN in EAE rats . ^^^ These findings suggest that CXCL 10 produced in the LN plays a specific inhibitory role in the development of Th 1 mediated diseases such as EAE by holding sensitized and activated Th1s expressing CXCR 3 in the draining LN . . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P49682 and P02778 Pubmed SVM Score :0.0
Analysis of the expression of the CXCL 10 receptor , CXCR 3 , by the brain infiltrating leukocytes from immunized GF CXCL 10 transgenic mice revealed a significant enrichment for CXCR 3 positive cells in the CNS compared with spleen . ^^^ Finally , the accumulation of neutrophils in the brain of GF CXCL 10 transgenic mice is apparently independent of CXCR 3 and involves an unknown mechanism . . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P49682 and P02778 Pubmed SVM Score :0.0
Type 1 chemokines CXC chemokine ligand ( CXCL ) 9 and CXCL 10 ( monokine induced by IFN gamma and IFN gamma inducible protein of 10 kDa : CXCR 3 ligands ) , and type 2 chemokines CC chemokine ligand ( CCL ) 11 ( eotaxin : CCR 3 ligand ) , CCL 17 ( thymus and activation regulated chemokine : CCR 4 ligand ) and CCL 22 ( monocyte derived chemokine : CCR 4 ligand ) were readily detectable in the plasma of most participants . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P49682 and P02778 Pubmed SVM Score :0.0
CXCL 10 ( IP 10 ) acting on CXCR 3 expressed on activated Th 1 cells , and CCL 22 ( MDC ) acting on CCR 4 and 8 expressed on activated Th 2 cells . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P49682 and P02778 Pubmed SVM Score :0.0
Functional assays to evaluate CXCR 3 and CXCR 5 demonstrated that their ligands CXCL 10 and CXCL 13 , respectively significantly induce the release of beta N acetylhexosaminidase , an enzyme involved in endochondral ossification and bone remodeling able to degrade important extracellular matrix components . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P49682 and P02778 Pubmed SVM Score :0.0
We evaluated CXCR 3 expression on T cells and levels of its ligand CXCL 10 in blood and cerebrospinal fluid ( CSF ) of 22 patients with relapsing remitting multiple sclerosis ( RR MS ) in association with magnetic resonance imaging ( MRI ) disease activity . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P49682 and P02778 Pubmed SVM Score :0.0
CXCL 10 was constitutively expressed by basal crypts in mouse colon , but the expression of CXCL 10 as well as CXCR 3 was enhanced in the epithelium in the proliferative zone after oral administration of dextran sulfate sodium . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P49682 and P02778 Pubmed SVM Score :0.0
CXCR 3 and heparin binding sites of the chemokine IP 10 ( CXCL 10 ) . ^^^ The chemokine IP 10 ( interferon inducible protein of 10 kDa , CXCL 10 ) binds the G protein coupled receptor CXCR 3 , which is found mainly on activated T cells and NK cells , and plays an important role in Th 1 type inflammatory diseases . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P49682 and P02778 Pubmed SVM Score :0.0
In contrast to CXCR 4 , the expression levels of the chemokine receptor CXCR 3 and the migration of cells in response to CXCL 9 and CXCL 10 increased after IL 2 treatment . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P49682 and P02778 Pubmed SVM Score :0.0
Real time , quantitative reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction analysis demonstrates that the CXCR 3 ligands , interferon ( IFN ) inducible protein 10 ( CXCL 10 ) and IFN inducible T cell alpha chemoattractant ( CXCL 11 ) , are among the many chemokines induced in the adjuvant treated peritoneum . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P49682 and P02778 Pubmed SVM Score :0.0
Human microvascular endothelial cell line 1 ( HMEC 1 ) , transfected with either the known CXCR 3 ( renamed CXCR 3 A ) or CXCR 3 B , bound CXCL 9 , CXCL 10 , and CXCL 11 , whereas CXCL 4 showed high affinity only for CXCR 3 B . ^^^ Remarkably , primary cultures of human microvascular endothelial cells , whose growth is inhibited by CXCL 9 , CXCL 10 , CXCL 11 , and CXCL 4 , expressed CXCR 3 B , but not CXCR 3 A . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P49682 and P02778 Pubmed SVM Score :0.0
Lesional keratinocytes also overexpressed the ligands of CXCR 3 , namely , MIG / CXCL9 , CXCL 10 , and 1 TAC / CXCL11 . ^^^ Furthermore , the presence of CCL 5 and CXCL 10 in the cytolytic granules of tissue infiltrating CD 8 ( + ) T cells expressing CCR 5 and CXCR 3 reveals a potential self recruiting mechanism involving activated effector cytotoxic T cells . . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P49682 and P02778 Pubmed SVM Score :0.0
CCR 3 functional responses are regulated by both CXCR 3 and its ligands CXCL 9 , CXCL 10 and CXCL 11 . ^^^ The chemokine receptor CXCR 3 is predominantly expressed on T lymphocytes , and its agonists CXCL 9 , CXCL 10 and CXCL 11 are IFN gamma inducible chemokines that promote Th 1 responses . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P49682 and P02778 Pubmed SVM Score :0.0
High CXCR 3 expression in synovial mast cells associated with CXCL 9 and CXCL 10 expression in inflammatory synovial tissues of patients with rheumatoid arthritis . ^^^ These experiments revealed that Cys 10 Cys receptor ( CXCR ) 1 , CXCR 2 and CXCR 3 mRNAs , as well as Cys 10 Cys ligand ( CXCL ) 9 ( monokine induced by IFN gamma ) and CXCL 10 ( IFN gamma inducible protein 10 ) mRNAs , were significantly upregulated in RA as compared with OA disease . ^^^ These findings suggest that substantial expression of CXCR 3 protein on mast cells within synovial tissue from RA patients plays a significant role in the pathophysiology of RA , accompanied by elevated levels of the chemokines CXCL 9 and CXCL 10 . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P49682 and P02778 Pubmed SVM Score :0.0
These results coincided with reduced ICAM 1 and CXCR 3 transcript expression , macrophage inflammatory protein 1alpha and CXCL 10 levels , and corneal pathology but increased viral titers in the stroma and trigeminal ganglion . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P49682 and P02778 Pubmed SVM Score :0.0
In addition , the relative roles of the chemokines that bind CXCR 3 ( CXCL 9 , CXCL 10 , CXCL 11 ) and CCR 5 ( CCL 3 , CCL 4 , CCL 5 ) in this process are unknown . ^^^ T lymphoblasts migrated in vitro to CXCR 3 ligands with a relative potency of CXCL 10 > CXCL 11 > CXCL 9 , but these cells demonstrated much less chemotaxis to the CCR 5 ligands . ^^^ Thus , CXCR 3 ligands are more chemotactic than CCR 5 ligands in vitro ; however , in vivo , CXCL 10 and CCL 5 have comparable T cell recruiting activities to cutaneous sites and are more potent than the other CXCR 3 and CCR 5 chemokines . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P49682 and P02778 Pubmed SVM Score :0.0
Because IFN gamma inducible chemokines , Mig ( CXCL 9 ) , IP 10 ( CXCL 10 ) , 1 TAC ( CXCL 11 ) and their receptor , CXCR 3 , are critical molecules in T cell trafficking and generation of effector T cells , we examined their expression in the muscle biopsies of patients with sporadic inclusion body myositis ( s IBM ) and disease controls . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P49682 and P02778 Pubmed SVM Score :0.0
Therefore , we analyzed the expression of CXC chemokine receptors ( CXCR 1 , CXCR 2 , CXCR 3 , CXCR 4 and CXCR 5 ) and ligands ( CXCL 8 , CXCL 10 , CXCL 12 and CXCL 13 ) both at molecular and protein levels , in human OCs grown on plastic or calcium phosphate coated slides at different stages of differentiation . ^^^ Immunocytochemistry showed that OCs grown on plastic expressed CXCR 3 , CXCR 4 , CXCR 5 , CXCL 8 and CXCL 12 , while they were negative for CXCR 1 , CXCR 2 and CXCL 10 . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P49682 and P02778 Pubmed SVM Score :0.0
As a control , the BAL fluids were also analyzed for levels of interferon inducible protein 10 ( IP 10 ) ( CXCL 10 ) , an IFN gamma induced chemokine active on CXCR 3 , a chemokine receptor that is preferentially expressed on TH 1 lymphocytes . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P49682 and P02778 Pubmed SVM Score :0.0
Among the potent Th 1 type chemokines inhibited were the CXCR 3 ligands CXCL 9 and CXCL 10 , which could directly inhibit vector mediated gene expression in myoblasts , although targeting CXCR 3 or its ligands did not prolong allograft survival with vIL 10 gene transfer . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P49682 and P02778 Pubmed SVM Score :0.0
CXCR 3 binding chemokine CXCL 10 ( IP 10 ) markedly enhances antigen specific Th 1 recall responses in healthy humans , suggesting a role for this pathway in maintenance of clinical tolerance to environmental allergens as well as a potential therapeutic role for CXCR 3 ligands in re balancing the Th 2 dominated responses that underlie generation and maintenance of allergic disorders . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P49682 and P02778 Pubmed SVM Score :0.0
CXCR 3 , predominately expressed on memory / activated T cells , is a receptor for both interferon gamma inducible protein 10 / CXC ligand 10 ( CXCL 10 ) and monokine induced by interferon gamma / CXCL9 . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P49682 and P02778 Pubmed SVM Score :0.0
We now show that islet allograft rejection is associated with a steady increase in intragraft expression of the chemokines CCL 8 ( monocyte chemoattractant protein 2 ) , CCL 9 ( monocyte chemoattractant protein 5 ) , CCL 5 ( RANTES ) , CXCL 10 ( IFN gamma inducible protein 10 ) , and CXCL 9 ( monokine induced by IFN gamma ) and their corresponding chemokine receptors CCR 2 , CCR 5 , CCR 1 , and CXCR 3 . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P49682 and P02778 Pubmed SVM Score :0.0
The expression of the CXCR 3 ligands CXCL 9 and CXCL 10 was significantly higher than the other chemokines investigated . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P49682 and P02778 Pubmed SVM Score :0.0
CXCR 3 is a chemokine receptor predominantly expressed on T lymphocytes , and binds the chemokines CXCL 9 ( Mig ) , CXCL 10 ( IP 10 ) and CXCL 11 ( 1 TAC ) . ^^^ In contrast , the N terminus and first extracellular loop of CXCR 3 play some role in CXCL 10 and CXCL 11 mediated activation but are dispensable for CXCL 9 induced signaling . ^^^ The third extracellular loop of CXCR 3 is important only for CXCL 9 and CXCL 10 induced chemotaxis . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P49682 and P02778 Pubmed SVM Score :0.0
The ELR negative CXC chemokines CXCL 9 , CXCL 10 , and CXCL 11 ) are potent chemoattractants for mononuclear cells and act through their shared receptor , CXCR 3 . ^^^ We performed studies in a rat orthotopic lung transplantation model of acute rejection , and demonstrated increased expression of CXCL 9 and CXCL 10 paralleling the recruitment of mononuclear cells and cells expressing CXCR 3 to the allograft . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P49682 and P02778 Pubmed SVM Score :0.0
The lymphocyte chemoattractant CXCL 10 and its receptor , CXCR 3 , are expressed by the CNS and by CNS infiltrating lymphocytes , respectively , only in patients with ongoing CNS inflammation , suggesting an important role for these molecules in the pathogenic process . ^^^ Finally , it will define directions for future analyses of CXCL 10 and CXCR 3 in CNS inflammation so that their potential therapeutic utility can be more completely determined . . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P49682 and P02778 Pubmed SVM Score :0.0
In the present study we identified a link between CXCL 10 overexpression in the brain and human immunodeficiency virus dementia and demonstrated the presence of the chemokine CXCL 10 and its receptor , CXCR 3 , in the neurons in the brains of macaques with simian human immunodeficiency virus encephalitis . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P49682 and P02778 Pubmed SVM Score :0.0
Importantly , such a stimulation of metastasis was largely suppressed when CXCR 3 expression in B16F10 cells was reduced by antisense RNA or when mice were treated with specific antibodies against CXCL 9 and CXCL 10 . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P49682 and P02778 Pubmed SVM Score :0.0
Using GTPgammaS binding , Ca ( 2+ ) mobilization , and chemotaxis assays , we demonstrate that the C terminally truncated CXCL 10 variant is a potent ligand for CXCR 3 . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P49682 and P02778 Pubmed SVM Score :0.0
The effects of two regulatory cytokines , TNFalpha and IFNgamma , on the expression of CD 54 ( ICAM 1 ) and CD 106 ( VCAM 1 ) adhesion molecules and the CXCR 3 ligands ( CXCL 9 , CXCL 10 , CXCL 11 ) , were assessed in a primary culture of human OB by real time PCR , flow cytometry , and immunohistochemistry . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P49682 and P02778 Pubmed SVM Score :0.0
In this study , we investigated the production of the CXCR 3 agonistic chemokines CXCL 9 , CXCL 10 , and CXCL 11 by synovial tissue cells and synovial fibroblast cell lines ( fourth or fifth passage ) from RA patients . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P49682 and P02778 Pubmed SVM Score :0.0
We also tested the acute effect of recombinant CXCL 10 applied to slices from normal C57Bl / 6J mice , CXCL 10 TG mice and CXCR 3 knock out ( KO ) mice . ^^^ The effect was probably receptor mediated because CXCL 10 induced inhibition of LTP was not observed in CXCR 3 KO mice . ^^^ Our findings suggest that acute exposure to CXCL 10 alters synaptic plasticity via CXCR 3 in mouse hippocampus . . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P49682 and P02778 Pubmed SVM Score :0.0
The expression of the chemokine receptor CXCR 3 and its ligand , CXCL 10 , in human breast adenocarcinoma cell lines . ^^^ The present study focuses on CXCL 10 , a CXC chemokine that was recently suggested to have anti malignant properties , and its corresponding receptor CXCR 3 . ^^^ Unlike many other chemokine receptors , CXCR 3 expression was not down regulated by exposure to high concentrations ( 500ng / ml ) of its ligand , CXCL 10 , but rather was promoted . ^^^ CXCL 10 induced up regulation of CXCR 3 expression in the three cell lines was inhibited by cycloheximide , indicating that de novo protein synthesis is required for this process . ^^^ In addition to CXCR 3 , the secretion of CXCL 10 was noted in the MDA MB 231 , MCF 7 and T47D cells . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P49682 and P02778 Pubmed SVM Score :0.0
This is associated with a failure of CD 4 cells to differentiate into effector cells and to up regulate the IFN gamma dependent chemokine receptor CXCR 3 , which confers the ability to respond to pancreatic islet derived CXCL 10 . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P49682 and P02778 Pubmed SVM Score :0.0
Most impressively , mRNA for CXCR 3 , the receptor for CXCL 9 and CXCL 10 , was massively up regulated in the lungs of SARS CoV infected mice . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P49682 and P02778 Pubmed SVM Score :0.0
We recently identified CXCR 3 , the corresponding receptor for CXCL 10 , in microglia and demonstrated that this receptor system controls microglial migration . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P49682 and P02778 Pubmed SVM Score :0.0
Human interferon inducible protein 10 ( IP 10 ; HGMW approved gene symbol CXCL 10 ) is an ELR ( ) CXC chemokine that contains binding domains for both the chemokine receptor CXCR 3 and glycosaminoglycans . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P49682 and P02778 Pubmed SVM Score :0.0
The CXCR 3 ligands , CXCL 9 ( monokine induced by IFN gamma ) and CXCL 10 ( IFN inducible protein , 10 kDa ) , are IFN gamma inducible , Th 1 type chemokines . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P49682 and P02778 Pubmed SVM Score :0.0
CXCL 11 ( ITAC ) is one of three chemokines known to bind the receptor CXCR 3 , the two others being CXCL 9 ( Mig ) and CXCL 10 ( IP 10 ) . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P49682 and P02778 Pubmed SVM Score :0.0
We also show that CXCR 3 and CXCR 4 are expressed by both blood derived pDCs and pDCs isolated from RA and PA SF and that CXCL 10 , CXCL 11 , and CXCL 12 present in RA and PA SF stimulate chemotaxis of blood derived pDCs . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P49682 and P02778 Pubmed SVM Score :0.0
CSF concentrations of CXCL 10 correlated with the CSF leucocyte count in ON patients , and CXCR 3 expressing cells were significantly enriched in the CSF . ^^^ CONCLUSION : These data show that the CSF concentration of the CXCR 3 ligand CXCL 10 is selectively increased in CSF from ON patients , and CXCR 3 positive cells are recruited to the subarachnoid space . . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P49682 and P02778 Pubmed SVM Score :0.0
Expression of the CXCR 3 chemokine receptor supports a direct effect of CXCL 10 on hippocampal neurons . . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P49682 and P02778 Pubmed SVM Score :0.0
T lymphocytes are the most important effectors of immunity , and the CXCR 3 ligands CXCL 9 and CXCL 10 may play an important role in the T cell mediated clearance of rickettsiae from the infected vasculature as suggested by recent expression studies . ^^^ Here we showed that antibody mediated neutralization of CXCL 9 and CXCL 10 , and CXCR 3 gene knockout , had no effect on survival or bacterial loads of mice infected with rickettsiae . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P49682 and P02778 Pubmed SVM Score :0.0
We have also found that uNK cells and blood NK cells express the receptor for CXCL 10 and CXCL 11 , CXCR 3 , with the highest expression found on uNK cells and CD 56 ( bright ) blood NK cells . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P49682 and P02778 Pubmed SVM Score :0.0
Because both CXCL 10 and CXCR 3 were , unexpectedly , coexpressed on insulin producing cells , CXCL 10 was considered to affect mature and premature beta cells in an autocrine and / or paracrine fashion . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P49682 and P02778 Pubmed SVM Score :0.0
CXCL 10 binds to CXCR 3 receptor ( a G protein coupled receptor ) and acts via Gialpha protein . ^^^ The purpose of the present study was to determine the effects of overexpression of CXCL 10 by transfection experiments in MA 10 cells on cell growth , CXCR 3 expression , progesterone synthesis and steroidogenic acute regulatory protein ( StAR D 1 , a key regulatory factor in steroidogenesis ) gene expression . ^^^ The production of CXCL 10 mRNA ranged from 30 50 fold more ( n=6 ) in the transfected cells than the control cells , as determined by semiquantitative and real time RT PCR . 8 Br cAMP downregulated CXCL 10 mRNA expression and stimulated CXCR 3 mRNA expression . ^^^ Interestingly , overexpression of CXCL 10 induced the expression of its receptor CXCR 3 gene , as determined by RT PCR and fluorescence activated cell sorter ( FACS ) analysis . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P49682 and P02778 Pubmed SVM Score :0.0
Cellular characteristics of neuroblastoma cells : regulation by the ELR CXC chemokine CXCL 10 and expression of a CXCR 3 like receptor . ^^^ Altogether , these results suggest that CXCL 10 interacts with a CXCR 3 like receptor in neuroblastoma cell lines , raising the possibility that following the homing of the tumor cells to the bone marrow ( through a CXCL 10 independent mechanism ) , CXCL 10 may partly inhibit neuroblastoma cell growth at this site . . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P49682 and P02778 Pubmed SVM Score :0.0
In this study , we evaluated the roles of the chemokines MIG ( CXCL 9 ) , IP 10 ( CXCL 10 ) , and 1 TAC ( CXCL 11 ) and their common receptor , CXCR 3 . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P49682 and P02778 Pubmed SVM Score :0.0
Ischemia induced by femoral artery ligature improved the number of CXCR 3 expressing cells and the level of its ligand , CXCL 10 . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P49682 and P02778 Pubmed SVM Score :0.0
METHODS : Using flow cytometry , immunohistochemistry , confocal microscopy analysis and chemotaxis assays we evaluated whether CXCL 10 and its receptor CXCR 3 regulate the trafficking of CD 8 ( + ) T cells in HP lung . ^^^ However , T cells accumulating in the BAL of HP were CXCR 3 ( + ) / IFNgamma ( + ) Tc 1 cells exhibiting a strong in vitro migratory capability in response to CXCL 10 . ^^^ Alveolar macrophages expressed and secreted , in response to IFN gamma , definite levels of CXCL 10 capable of inducing chemotaxis of the CXCR 3 ( + ) T cell line . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P49682 and P02778 Pubmed SVM Score :0.0
IFNgamma inducible protein 10 ( CXCL 10 ) and its receptor , CXCR 3 . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P49682 and P02778 Pubmed SVM Score :0.0
The three CXCR 3 ligands CXCL 9 , CXCL 10 , and CXCL 11 are produced at sites of inflammation and elicit migration of pathological Th 1 cells . ^^^ NBI 74330 demonstrated potent inhibition of [ ( 125 ) 1 ] CXCL 10 and [ ( 125 ) 1 ] CXCL 11 specific binding ( K ( 1 ) of 1 . 5 and 3 . 2 nM , respectively ) and of functional responses mediated by CXCR 3 , such as ligand induced guanosine 5 ' O ( 3 [ ( 35 ) S ] thio ) triphosphate ( [ ( 35 ) S ] GTPgammaS ) binding , calcium mobilization , and cellular chemotaxis ( IC ( 50 ) of 7 to 18 nM ) . ^^^ There was a striking difference in potencies among the three CXCR 3 ligands , with CXCL 11 > > CXCL 10 > CXCL 9 . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P49682 and P02778 Pubmed SVM Score :0.0
The present study investigated the role of the receptor for CXCL 9 and CXCL 10 in the host response to HSV 1 infection using mice deficient in CXCR 3 expression ( CXCR 3 / ) . ^^^ Coinciding with the increase in virus titer , CCL 5 , CXCL 9 , CXCL 10 and IFN gamma protein levels were enhanced in the trigeminal ganglion and / or brain stem of the CXCR 3 / mice associated with a 2 fold increase in the percentage of CD3+CD8+ T lymphocytes in the trigeminal ganglion . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P49682 and P02778 Pubmed SVM Score :0.0
The chemokine IFN gamma inducible protein 10 ( IP 10 ; CXCL 10 ) , a CXC chemokine , and its receptor , CXCR 3 , were found to be overexpressed in lymph node cells of EAMG rats . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P49682 and P02778 Pubmed SVM Score :0.0
From each blood sample PBMCs were separated and gene expression levels for chemokines CCL 3 , CCL 4 , CCL 5 , CXCL 10 , and their receptors CCR 1 , CCR 5 , and CXCR 3 , were determined using real time quantitative PCR . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P49682 and P02778 Pubmed SVM Score :0.0
Similar kinetics of expression were found for the chemokines CCL 5 , CCL 4 , CCL 3 and CXCL 10 and for the receptors CCR 5 and CXCR 3 , all of them linked to the Th 1 type pattern . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P49682 and P02778 Pubmed SVM Score :0.0
RESULTS : In the present study , we identified the CXCR 3 ligands CXCL 9 ( interferon gamma [ IFNgamma ] induced monokine ) , CXCL 10 ( IFNgamma inducible protein 10 ) , and CXCL 11 ( IFN inducible T cell alpha chemoattractant ) as being the most abundantly expressed chemokine family members in cutaneous LE . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P49682 and P02778 Pubmed SVM Score :0.0
We demonstrate that infection of primary cultures of human airway epithelial cells , or of the BEAS 2B human bronchial epithelial cell line , with human rhinovirus type 16 ( HRV 16 ) induces expression of CXCL 10 [ IFN gamma inducible protein 10 ( IP 10 ) ] , a ligand for the CXCR 3 receptor found on activated type 1 T lymphocytes and natural killer cells . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P49682 and P02778 Pubmed SVM Score :0.0
The chemokines ( CXCL 9 , CXCL 10 and CXCL 11 ) and associated CXCR 3 receptor are expressed during the inflammatory process from multiple sclerosis , atherosclerosis or organ transplantation resulting in the recruitment of lymphocytes leading to tissue damage . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P49682 and P02778 Pubmed SVM Score :0.0
Of the 12 chemokines analyzed , mRNAs for two , CXCL 10 and CXCL 11 , ligands for the chemokine receptor CXCR 3 , were up regulated in both cell types upon infection by HIV 1 . ^^^ Because CCR 5 on CD4+ T cells is found predominantly on cells that also express CXCR 3 , these data implicate CXCL 10 and CXCL 11 in the recruitment of susceptible T cells to HIV 1 infected lymph nodes , macrophages , and dendritic cells . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P49682 and P02778 Pubmed SVM Score :0.0
The IFN gamma inducible and CXCR 3 targeting human CXC chemokines CXCL 9 ( Mig ) and CXCL 10 ( IP 10 ) have potent antitumor activity through attraction of cytotoxic T lymphocytes and inhibition of angiogenesis . ^^^ The more recently identified CXCR 3 targeting chemokine CXCL 11 ( 1 TAC / IP9 ) proved to be a more potent chemokine than CXCL 9 and CXCL 10 in vitro , both in chemotaxis assays with CXCR3+ T lymphocytes and in calcium mobilization experiments . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P49682 and P02778 Pubmed SVM Score :0.0
Here we demonstrate that in response to WNV infection , neurons secrete the chemokine CXCL 10 , which recruits effector T cells via the chemokine receptor CXCR 3 . ^^^ Neutralization or a genetic deficiency of CXCL 10 leads to a decrease in CXCR 3 ( + ) CD 8 ( + ) T cell trafficking , an increase in viral burden in the brain , and enhanced morbidity and mortality . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P49682 and P02778 Pubmed SVM Score :0.0
Thus , further study is needed to determine how CXCL 10 neutralizing agents or CXCR 3 receptor antagonists might be applied to treating human disease . . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P49682 and P02778 Pubmed SVM Score :0.0
Targeting the chemokine receptor CXCR 3 and its ligand CXCL 10 in the central nervous system : potential therapy for inflammatory demyelinating disease . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P49682 and P02778 Pubmed SVM Score :0.0
The functionality of the chemokine receptors CXCR 3 and CXCR 4 was demonstrated by transmigration assays with the chemokines CXCL 10 and CXCL 12 , respectively . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P49682 and P02778 Pubmed SVM Score :0.0
Increased expression of CXCR 3 and CCR 5 on memory CD4+ T cells migrating into the cerebrospinal fluid of patients with neuroborreliosis : the role of CXCL 10 and CXCL 11 . ^^^ The aim of this study was to evaluate the contribution of chemokine receptor CXCR 3 and the corresponding ligands CXCL 10 and CXCL 11 to the recruitment of peripheral blood ( PB ) memory CD4+ T cells into the cerebrospinal fluid ( CSF ) of patients with acute neuroborreliosis . ^^^ Our results suggest that CXCL 10 and CXCL 11 create a chemokine gradient between the CSF and serum and recruite CXCR 3 expressing memory CD4+ T cells into the CSF of neuroborreliosis patients and that CCR 5 also plays a role in this process . . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P49682 and P02778 Pubmed SVM Score :0.0
Gene and protein expression of CXCL 10 , CXCL 9 , and CXCR 3 was significantly lower in IFN gamma / compared with DBA / 1 WT thyroids . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P49682 and P02778 Pubmed SVM Score :0.0
Through analysis of mononuclear cell infiltration in WT and IL 6 deficient mice during peritoneal inflammation , we now report that IL 6 selectively governs T cell infiltration by regulating chemokine secretion ( CXCL 10 , CCL 4 , CCL 5 , CCL 11 , and CCL 17 ) and chemokine receptor ( CCR 3 , CCR 4 , CCR 5 , and CXCR 3 ) expression on the CD3+ infiltrate . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P49682 and P02778 Pubmed SVM Score :0.0
The chemokine IP 10 ( CXCL 10 ) and its cellular receptor CXCR 3 are upregulated in the lung during murine gammaherpesvirus 68 ( MHV 68 ) infection . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P49682 and P02778 Pubmed SVM Score :0.0
CXCR 3 is a Galpha ( 1 ) protein coupled receptor that binds the proinflammatory chemokines CXCL 9 , CXCL 10 , and CXCL 11 , which are released from the intestinal epithelium . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P49682 and P02778 Pubmed SVM Score :0.0
Serum ELISAs were performed to detect the CCR 5 ligands CCL 5 , CCL 3 ; the CXCR 3 ligands CXCL 10 , CXCL 9 ; and the CCR 4 ligand , CCL 17 before and after administration of the TNFalpha blocking agent infliximab . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P49682 and P02778 Pubmed SVM Score :0.0
MEASUREMENTS : We evaluated the expression of CXCR 3 and CCR 4 in blood and bronchoalveolar lavage ( BAL ) T lymphocytes by flow cytometry and the chemokine CXCL 10 , CXCL 11 and CCL 17 BAL concentration by singular immunoassay . ^^^ CXCL 10 levels correlated with the expression of CXCR 3 on BAL CD 4 cells . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P49682 and P02778 Pubmed SVM Score :0.0
Moreover , serum CXCL 10 level was associated with CXCL 10 and CXCR 3 mRNA level in pancreatic LN . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P49682 and P02778 Pubmed SVM Score :0.0
CXCR 3 mediated opposite effects of CXCL 10 and CXCL 4 on TH 1 or TH 2 cytokine production . ^^^ BACKGROUND : Two variants of the CXCR 3 receptor exist , one ( CXCR 3 A ) reactive with CXCL 9 , CXCL 10 , and CXCL 11 and the other ( CXCR 3 B ) also reactive with CXCL 4 . ^^^ The opposite effects of CXCL 10 and CXCL 4 on TH 1 and TH 2 cytokine production were inhibited by an anti CXCR 3 antibody able to neutralize both CXCR 3 A and CXCR 3 B and were apparently related to the activation of distinct signal transduction pathways . ^^^ CONCLUSION : CXCL 10 and CXCL 4 exert opposite effects on the production of human TH 1 and TH 2 cytokines , likely through their respective interaction with CXCR 3 A or CXCR 3 B and the consequent activation of different signal transduction pathways . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P49682 and P02778 Pubmed SVM Score :0.0
RESULTS : The 22 genes that were up regulated in the 21 F 2 samples relative to the 18 F 1 samples mainly encoded genes involved in cytoskeleton ( KRT 19 and SCG 10 ) , growth factors / cytokines ( CXCL 6 , interleukin 8 [ IL 8 ] , IL1A , IL 2 , and CXCL 10 ) , or growth factor receptors ( CCR 2 , CXCR 3 , and CXCR 4 ) , or were involved in extracellular matrix production ( COL1A1 , CHI3L , and SPP 1 ) , in extracellular matrix remodeling ( TIMP 1 , MMP 7 , and MMP 9 ) , and in cell junction ( ITGA 2 and CLDN 4 ) . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P49682 and P02778 Pubmed SVM Score :0.0
CXCR 3 and its ligands , CXCL 11 , CXCL 10 , and CXCL 9 , play a major role in T helper 1 ( Th 1 ) dependent inflammatory responses . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P49682 and P02778 Pubmed SVM Score :0.0
The data suggest that CNS infection provides strong stimuli to recruit ASC into the inflamed tissue through sustained up regulation of the CXCR 3 ligands CXCL 9 and CXCL 10 . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P49682 and P02778 Pubmed SVM Score :0.0
IL 16 / CD4 stimulation does not result in surface modulation of CXCR 3 or changes in CXCL 10 binding affinity . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P49682 and P02778 Pubmed SVM Score :0.0
The functional contribution of the CXCL 10 receptor CXCR 3 in host defense and disease in response to MHV infection was evaluated . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P49682 and P02778 Pubmed SVM Score :0.0
To understand the physiological role CXCR 3 plays in regulating endothelial function , we analyzed the ability of a CXCR 3 ligand , IP 10 ( CXCL 10 ) , to influence endothelial cell tube formation . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P49682 and P02778 Pubmed SVM Score :0.0
We demonstrate that treatment of fetal neuronal cultures with exogenous CXCL 10 produced elevations in intracellular Ca ( 2+ ) and that this effect was modulated via the binding of CXCL 10 to its cognate receptor , CXCR 3 . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P49682 and P02778 Pubmed SVM Score :0.0
CXCL 10 is the key ligand for CXCR 3 on CD8+ effector T cells involved in immune surveillance of the lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus infected central nervous system . ^^^ Expression of both CXCL 10 and CXCR 3 are observed during immunopathological diseases of the CNS , and this receptor / ligand pair is thought to play a central role in regulating T cell mediated inflammation in this organ site . ^^^ However , analysis of the susceptibility of CXCL 10 deficient mice to lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus induced meningitis revealed that these mice just like CXCR 3 deficient mice were partially resistant to this disease , whereas wild type mice invariably died . ^^^ Thus , taken together these results indicate a central role for CXCL 10 in regulating the accumulation of effector T cells at sites of CNS inflammation , with no apparent compensatory effect of other CXCR 3 ligands . . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P49682 and P02778 Pubmed SVM Score :0.0
CXCR 3 , the receptor for CXCL 10 , CXCL 9 , and CXCL 11 , is preferentially expressed on activated Th 1 T cells and has been proposed to govern the migration of lymphocytes into the inflamed CNS during multiple sclerosis and EAE . ^^^ Unexpectedly , CXCL 10 deficient mice were susceptible to EAE , leaving uncertain what the role of CXCR 3 and its ligands might play in this disease model . ^^^ Taken with prior findings , our data show that CXCL 10 is the most relevant ligand for CXCR 3 in EAE . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P49682 and P02778 Pubmed SVM Score :0.0
CXCL 10 replacement partially restored Th 1 cell trafficking in STAT 1 deficient mice in vivo , and deficiency in CXCR 3 , the receptor for CXCL 9 , CXCL 10 , and CXCL 11 , impaired the trafficking of adoptively transferred Th 1 cells in wild type mice . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P49682 and P02778 Pubmed SVM Score :0.0
In addition to the chemokine , interferon gamma inducible protein 10 kDa ( IP 10 , CXCL 10 ) , the chemokine receptor , CXCR 3 , also recognizes two other chemokines ; monokine induced by IFN gamma ( MIG , CXCL 9 ) and IFN inducible T cell alpha chemoattractant ( 1 TAC , CXCL 11 ) . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P49682 and P02778 Pubmed SVM Score :0.0
Immunohistochemical studies revealed a decrease in the accumulation of CD4+ T cells , whereas quantitative polymerase chain reaction analysis of lesion rich aortic arches demonstrated a marked reduction in mRNA for CXCR 3 , the CXCL 10 chemokine receptor . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P49682 and P02778 Pubmed SVM Score :0.0
IFNbeta markedly upregulated CXCR 3 ligand chemokines ( SCYB 11 , SCYB 10 and SCYB 9 ) chiefly active on effector T helper type 1 ( Th 1 ) T cells , and CCR 2 ligand chemokines ( SCYA 8 and SCYA 2 ) effective on monocytes , whereas it downregulated CXCR 2 ligand chemokines ( SCYB 2 , SCYB 1 and IL 8 ) primarily active on neutrophils . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P49682 and P02778 Pubmed SVM Score :0.0
The chemokine receptor CXCR 3 and two of its ligands , CXCL 9 and CXCL 10 , have been identified as important mediators of OB . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P49682 and P02778 Pubmed SVM Score :0.0
In contrast , CD8+CCR7 CXCR3+ thymocytes lacked CD62L but exhibited CD 103 , similar to intraepithelial lymphocytes ( IELs ) present in the gut mucosa where the CXCR 3 ligand , CXCL 10 , and the CD 103 ligand , E cadherin , are highly and consistently expressed . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P49682 and P02778 Pubmed SVM Score :0.0
Three gamma interferon inducible chemokines activate CXCR 3 : CXCL 9 ( Mig ) , CXCL 10 ( IP 10 ) , and CXCL 11 ( 1 TAC ) . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P49682 and P02778 Pubmed SVM Score :0.0
In contrast to CXC chemokine ligand 8 ( CXCL 8 ) , no CXC chemokine receptor 3 ( CXCR 3 ) ligand ( ie CXCL 9 , CXCL 10 and CXCL 11 ) was induced by bacterial TLR ligands in human microvascular endothelial cells ( HMVEC ) . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P49682 and P02778 Pubmed SVM Score :0.0
Interaction of CXCR 3 ligands , CXCL 9 , CXCL 10 , and CXCL 11 , with CXCR 3 on the highly malignant murine mammary tumor cell line 66 . 1 resulted in intracellular calcium mobilization and chemotaxis in vitro . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P49682 and P02778 Pubmed SVM Score :0.0
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