Pubmed abstracts for Protein-Protein Interaction search result :

Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
NA
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.8868564
Purified EGFR was phosphorylated in vitro with EGF in the presence of various synthetic peptides . 0.8868564^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.52155556
Interaction of heparin binding EGF like growth factor ( HB EGF ) with the epidermal growth factor receptor : modulation by heparin , heparinase , or synthetic heparin binding HB EGF fragments . 0.52155556^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.89485457
This correspondence supports the principal suitability of PSS 1 and suggests that EGF binds to EGF R at least in part by means of HC contacts besides using , most probably , also `` classical ' ' ( i . e . non HC type ) contacts ( e . g . charge interactions or hydrophobic bonds ) . . 0.89485457^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.51067846
ARAC was quantified by Thompson and Siiterii ' s method , EGFR was quantified with a two point assay method using radioactive iodine ( 125I ) EGF as ligand , and ER was measured by the Scatchard method using 3H E 2 . 0.51067846^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.7299986
We demonstrated unequivocally that EGF / TGF alpha interaction with EGFR is not an obligatory event in mediating estrogen stimulated cell proliferation . . 0.7299986^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.63825437
Serum starved NIH 3T3 cells expressing an epidermal growth factor receptor ( EGF R ) / neu construct encoding a hybrid receptor protein were stimulated with EGF and the activation of the neu tyrosine kinase and stimulation of growth factor inducible genes were followed at the mRNA , protein , and activity levels , and compared to the corresponding responses in the neu proto oncogene and oncogene expressing cells . 0.63825437^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.62433072
An inverse relationship between EGF r and ER was found ( chi 2= 7 . 81 , P less than 0 . 01 ) with a higher incidence of EGF r positive tumours in the metastatic group ( chi 2 = 14 . 51 , P less than 0 . 001 ) . 0.62433072^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.97037843
These results indicate the complex interactions between EGF and EGFR and their relevance in modifying tumour cell behaviour . 0.97037843^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.61260827
Mechanistic studies suggest that EGF binds to a single EGFR , triggering dimerization with another like receptor molecule . 0.61260827^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.72529375
The mechanism of tyrosine phosphorylation can be accounted for by the action of EGF to stimulate a protein kinase activity that is associated with the kinase negative EGF R . 0.72529375^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.61725133
We show that in various cells ErbB 2 can form heterodimers with both EGF receptor ( ErbB 1 ) and NDF receptors ( ErbB 3 and ErbB 4 ) , suggesting that it may affect the action of heterologous ligands without the involvement of a direct ErbB 2 ligand . 0.61725133^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.56891117
These results suggested that adhesion between blastocysts and cells synthesizing HB EGF TM was mediated via interaction with both blastocyst EGFR and heparan sulfate proteoglycan ( HSPG ) . 0.56891117^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.5140743
Whereas ErbB 1 binds to the epidermal growth factor ( EGF ) , both ErbB 3 and ErbB 4 bind to the Neu differentiation factors ( NDFs , or neuregulins ) , and ErbB 2 , the most oncogenic family member , is an orphan receptor whose function is still unknown . 0.5140743^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.61685702
Interactions of uterine EGF R with EGF like ligands have been examined , but limited information is available regarding the status of other receptor subtypes . 0.61685702^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :1.1916121
In contrast , EGF activated SOS as shown by the enhanced association of SOS with EGFR in co immunoprecipitation experiments . 1.1916121^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.64905359
This model system allowed the comparison of EGF activated ErbB 1 with ErbB 1 activated by Neu differentiation factor ( NDF ) induced heterodimerization with ErbB 4 . 0.64905359^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.57893007
EGF also stimulated PLC gamma 1 translocation from cytosol to a cytoskeletal compartment where PLC gamma 1 interacted with EGFR . 0.57893007^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :1.3534
In A 431 cells , epidermoid carcinoma cells which overexpress EGFR , CrkII was tyrosine phosphorylated and associated with the EGFR in an EGF dependent manner . 1.3534^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.59281198
We propose that this dynamic quenching takes place because EGF bound probes interact with tryptophan residues in the extracellular domain of the EGF EGFR complex . 0.59281198^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.60108939
More than 80 % of the reconstituted EGFR possessed right side out orientation with the EGF binding side facing the medium . 0.60108939^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.66047575
We show that EGFR was initially polyubiquitinated to the same extent upon incubation with EGF and TGF alpha , whereas the ubiquitination was more sustained by incubation with EGF than with TGF alpha . 0.66047575^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.56624853
Similarly , in MCF 7 breast cancer cells that have natural expression of ER and EGFR , EGF promoted acute phosphorylation of serine and tyrosine residues in ER , and a direct interaction between ER and EGFR after treatment with EGF was found . 0.56624853^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.56365047
This is the first report to identify the solution structure of the EGF family ligand monomers that interact with both ErbB 1 and ErbB 4 . 0.56365047^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.69869004
To further dissect the ligand binding selectivity of the ErbB network , we have applied the phage display technique to examine the role of the linear N terminal region in EGF for interaction with ErbB 2 / ErbB 3 heterodimers . 0.69869004^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.50755761
Each member of the group formed by BTC , heparin binding EGF ( HB EGF ) and epiregulin ( EP ) can interact with both the EGF receptor ( EGFR ) and heregulin receptors ( ErbB 3 and ErbB 4 ) , and are hence called `` bispecific ' ' ligands . 0.50755761^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.64773699
The stimulation of human tumor cells overexpressing epidermal growth factor receptor ( EGFR ) with EGF enhances tumor development and malignancy . 0.64773699^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.77471456
This observation could be explained by the fact that the PLCgamma 1 association sites in the EGFR , tyrosine residues 992 and 1173 , were phosphorylated to a lower degree when the receptor was stimulated with EGF dextran as compared to with EGF . . 0.77471456^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :1.111601
Accumulated evidence reveals the association between EGF activated EGFR and c Src that leads to activation of both kinases . 1.111601^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
TGF alpha and EGFR , but not EGF , are expressed in normal gastric mucosa . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Similar internalization is shown by a chimeric molecule EGFR / erbB 2 in response to EGF . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
We also investigated the level of EGF R mRNA expression by using a sensitive RNase protection analysis . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
An increased EGFR expression indicates an important role of EGF in ulcer healing and scar formation . . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
We also observed that EGF down regulated epidermal growth factor receptor while it up regulated estrogen receptor . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Blocking monoclonal antibodies directed against the EGF receptor ( EGFr ) can prevent this augmentation . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
UM EC 2 cells express b 2 microglobulin , the epidermal growth factor receptor ( EGF ) , and the H blood group antigen . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Several groups have recently demonstrated EGF induced , EGFR mediated phosphorylation of p185c neu . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Human gastric cancer with expression of CEA , ER , E 2 , EGF and EGF R ] . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
The EGF receptor is the product of the c erb B proto oncogene ( also known as EGFR ) . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
The neu gene : an erbB homologous gene distinct from and unlinked to the gene encoding the EGF receptor . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
The transforming capacity of the normal and mutant human EGF receptor ( EGFR ) was investigated in primary chicken cells . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Extract of NIH3T3 mouse fibroblasts contains a protease which can cleave epidermal growth factor receptor ( EGF receptor ) . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
On the other hand , the erbB gene encodes a protein which resembles the receptor for EGF . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Two mouse transformed cell lines of different origins , PG 19 and B 82 , were found to lack EGF receptors ( EGFR ) . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
In this study , we examined the localization of EGF , TGF alpha and their receptor ( EGFR ) . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
One of these substrates , a 55 kDa protein , was shown to associate with the receptor for EGF ( EGFR ) . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
EGF causes hyperproliferation and apoptosis in T51B cells : involvement of high and low affinity EGFR binding sites . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
These results suggest that the rounding of A 431 cells by EGF was induced via the high affinity binding sites of EGFR . . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
In tissue culture neither addition of EGF nor expression of the mutant EGFR affected the rate of cell growth . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
The level of EGFR on cell lines was determined by [ 125I ] EGF competitive binding assays . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
The EGF receptor ( EGFR ) upon activation signals increased cell movement . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Neither c erbB 2 , EGF R , p 53 nor any of the other factors showed any correlation to survival . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Restoration of the response by EGFR / LckF505 required EGF binding to the chimeric kinase . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
TPA did not induce the degradation of related receptors ( ErbB 1 , ErbB 2 , and ErbB 3 ) in the EGF receptor family . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
In these cells , EGF induced tyrosine phosphorylation of the EGFR and several substrates was greatly reduced . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
RG 13022 significantly inhibited TGF alpha induced phosphorylation of EGF receptor ( EGFR ) . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
These findings indicate an increased number of EGF receptors ( EGFR ) in the hypertensive LH strain . 2 . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
EGF receptors ( EGF R ) were demonstrated on cumulus oocytes complexes ( COCs ) by immunofluorescence . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
A strong immunostaining of EGFRs was observed in these SMCs , suggesting a close association of HB EGF and EGFR expression . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Finally , TNF alpha , at a dose range that stimulated PAI 1 , enhanced EGFR mRNA levels and EGF binding . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Epidermal growth factor ( EGF ) and its receptors ( EGFR ) play important roles in tumorigenesis . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Both the EGF R and the c met proto oncogene receptor , to which HGF binds , were immunoprecipitated from H 441 cells . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
We examined the effects of TC 45 on EGFR signaling and observed that it did not modulate EGF induced activation of p42Erk2 . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
EGFR was determined by a radioligand assay using [ 125I ] EGF . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Protein p 66 is associated to the EGF R molecule on 992 tyrosine . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
The effect of EGFR on migration is dependent on the addition of EGF to the cells . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Consistently , we found more rapid dephosphorylation of the EGFR and less induction of p21 / CIP1 by TGFalpha than by EGF . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Intercellular signaling through the EGF receptor ( EGFR ) patterns the Drosophila egg . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Moderate EGF and EGFR immunoreactivity was found in three and one meningioma , respectively . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Epidermal growth factor ( EGF ) receptor tyrosine kinases include ErbB 1 , ErbB 2 , ErbB 3 and ErbB 4 . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
The APP modifying action of EGF receptor ( EGFR ) was characterized in HepG 2 cells . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Overexpression of cbl b results in a shortened duration of EGFR activation upon EGF stimulation . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
ErbB signaling increases protein levels of multiple EGF like growth factors in epithelial cells . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Flow cytometry experiments showed that PMA produced only a slight reduction in the surface expression of EGF R . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
This suggests a role for the EGF receptor ( EGFR ) in this process . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
In labeled EGF is selectively radiotoxic to human breast cancer cells overexpressing EGFR . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
The EGF receptor , and the related ErbB family of receptor tyrosine kinases , have been much implicated in human cancer . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
The data also showed that exposure of tumour cell lines expressing EGFr to EGF resulted in suppression of ALP expression . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
In control tissue and regenerative hepatic nodules , EGF receptor ( EGFR ) mRNA transcripts were expressed constitutively . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
EGF induced EGFR stimulation did not affect the association of integrin alpha 2 beta 1 and EGFR . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
The EGF receptor ( EGFR ) is required for skin development and is implicated in epithelial tumor formation . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
This pathway involves at least two distinct receptor kinases : EGF receptor ( ErbB 1 ) and ErbB 2 . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
In this study , we investigated the binding of EGF dextran ( 99m ) Tc to the EGFR . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
It is possible that interactions of these sequences with EGF receptors ( EGFR ) affect actin filament organization . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
There was no aberrant expression of EGF , TGF alpha , and EGFR by atypical lymphocytes . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Epidermal growth factor ( EGF ) influences the cell by activation of its specific cell receptor ( EGFR ) . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Here we asked the question whether anoikis is affected by signaling through the EGF receptor ( EGFR ) . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Overexpression of EGF receptor ( EGFR ) was observed in many types of cancer cells . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Both in vitro and in vivo , this glycosphingolipid inhibits the kinase activity of the EGF receptor ( EGFR ) . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Upon EGF stimulation Mig 6 binds to the EGFR involving a highly acidic region between amino acids 985 995 . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Egf ligand increased MT 1 MMP mRNA by tenfold in lung fibroblasts from wild type , but not from Egfr ( / ) mice . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
The retroviral oncogene S 3 5 erbB is a transduced , truncated form of the avian EGF ( ErbB 1 ) receptor . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Immunohistochemical detection of EGF receptor ( EGFR ) was performed using a streptoavidin biotin method . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
We further studied the genetic interaction between DE cadherin and the Drosophila EGF receptor homolog , EGFR . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
We tested whether IFN gamma inhibits Cl ( ) secretion via EGF receptor ( EGFr ) activation . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
DAB389EGF is selectively toxic to EGF receptor ( EGFR ) overexpressing cells . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
EGF and the active EGF receptor ( EGFR ) are expressed in the interbud regions . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Bile acids transactivate the EGF receptor ( EGFR ) in cholangiocytes . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
A phase 3 failure of Iressa , an inhibitor of the EGF receptor ( EGFR ) , is viewed as a surprise . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
The presence of the EGF receptors EGFR , ErbB 2 , and ErbB 3 was confirmed through Western blot analysis of cell lysates . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
BTC induced phosphorylation of all four EGF receptors present on HTASMCs : ErbB 1 , ErbB 2 , ErbB 3 , and ErbB 4 . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Both radiolabeled anti EGFR antibodies and the natural ligand EGF are candidate agents for targeting . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Heregulin alpha 1 and beta 1 , two EGF related factors , had no effect on erbB 2 or EGFR phosphorylation . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Epidermal growth factor ( EGF ) and TGFalpha significantly increased EGFR / MAPK pathway activity in both cell lines . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Addition of silibinin was shown to inhibit EGFR activation by EGF in 9L EGFR cells . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Its dominance results from the majority consumption of the common precursor ( ( EGF EGFR * ) 2 GAP ) by this pathway . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
The presence of the receptor for EGF ( EGFR ) correlates with lack of response towards antiestrogen therapy . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
We found that fetal membranes at term ( days 18 22 of gestation ) expressed EGF R . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
EGFR protein expression was downregulated at high and upregulated at low EGF concentrations . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
We recently observed that the EGF family hormone NRG2beta is a potent agonist for ErbB 4 . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Epidermal growth factor ( EGF ) is known to signal through tyrosine kinase receptors of the ErbB family . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
This was reflected in part by rapid loss of EGFR upon exposure to EGF . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
I recombinant human EGF has antitumor effects against MCF 7 human breast cancer xenografts with low levels of EGFR . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
The EGF receptor is the prototype for four highly related receptors constituting the ErbB family . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
The mechanism of UV radiation induced EGF receptor ( EGFR ) internalization remains to be established . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
PTTG induction by EGF receptor ( EGFR ) ligands could be blocked by the specific EGFR inhibitor , AG 1478 . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
The EGF receptor ( EGFR ) is therefore a potential target for anticancer therapy . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
The activation results in reduced EGFR phosphorylation after EGF stimulation . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
The EGF receptor ( EGFR ) has been reported to activate both MEK and PI3K . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Inhibition of the epidermal growth factor ( EGF ) receptor ( EGFR ) has become a promising anticancer treatment strategy . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
The EGFR DNR significantly reduced the ability of EGF to induce cell signaling through the MAPK pathway . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
By Western blotting , EGF receptor ( EGFR ) phosphorylation and EGFR expression were analyzed . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
In contrast to EGF , decorin targets the EGFR to caveolae , but not to early or recycling endosomes . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Finally , we demonstrated co immunoprecipitation between EGFR and Fas within 15 min following EGF stimulation . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
We demonstrated that HRS expression reduced EGFR abundance and EGF mediated Stat 3 activation . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
In summary , 31 compounds remained as potential EGFR dimerization or EGF stimulation inhibitors . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
No induction was seen with the EGF receptor ( EGFR ) . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Production of ROS resulted in EGF receptor ( EGFR ) and Akt 1 phosphorylation in HB EGF expressing cells . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
In wild type EGFR expressing Ba / F3 cells , the major EGF mediated signaling pathways were still intact . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
However , there have been inconsistent data on a similar proposed role for the Egf receptor ( Egfr ) . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
We demonstrate that increased expression of EGFR enhanced its association with PI3K C2beta following stimulation with EGF . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
The number of viable cells , DNA synthesis and activity of EGF R , PKB / Akt and NF ? ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Similarly , inhibition of EGF receptor ( EGFR ) tyrosine kinase activity abrogated Ang 2 stimulated UB branching . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
EGFR antibody could completely compromise the stimulatory effects of EGF in both cell lines . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
The CD 44 LARG complex also interacts with the EGF receptor ( EGFR ) . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Second , we investigated the effect of antibody against the EGF receptor ( EGFR ) on MDA MB 231 chemotaxis . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
PGCs express the EGF receptor ( EGFR ) ligand Spitz , which is required for IC survival . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
In the present study , 1 have investigated the ultrastructural localization of the EGF receptor ( EGF r ) at CIDEP . ^^^ Immunoreactivity for the EGF r in immature capillaries was located strictly at the CIDEP in large numbers , at the coated pits and vesicles of endothelial cells , and at some lysosome like structures of the endothelial cells and the pericytes . ^^^ On the other hand , immunoreactivity for EGF r was absent in mature capillaries . ^^^ At the CIDEP , EGF r immunoreactivity was present at the cell membrane and a few cytoplasmic elements at the tip of pericyte cytoplasmic projections , but it was completely absent at the corresponding endothelial membrane indentation . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
The expression of the transcription factor Sp 1 and EGF receptor ( EGFR ) was examined on human gastric carcinoma cell lines and gastric carcinoma tissues as well as corresponding normal mucosa in order to clarify the mechanism of overexpression of EGFR gene without gene amplification . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Expression of mRNA for transforming growth factor alpha ( TGF alpha ) , epidermal growth factor ( EGF ) and the epidermal growth factor receptor ( EGF R ) during early pig development was evaluated by reverse transcription PCR . ^^^ In the unfertilised pig oocyte , maternal transcripts for EGF , but not for TGF alpha or the EGF R , were detected . ^^^ EGF R mRNA was detected at all stages of conceptus development analysed . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Many of these effects are exerted through EGF and TGF alpha action on their common receptor ( EGFR ) . ^^^ The aim of the present study was to determine the effect of chronic alcohol administration on cell proliferation and gastric mucosal expression and distribution of EGF , TGF alpha and EGFR . ^^^ Chronic administration of ethanol ( 1 ml , 50 % ethanol , twice daily ) significantly increased the extent of gastric mucosal mucous and proliferative cell zones , the number of proliferating ( DNA synthesizing ) cells and mucosal expression of EGF , TGF alpha and EGFR by 13 , 6 , and 20 fold , respectively . ^^^ Thus , adaptation of gastric mucosa to chronic alcohol administration is associated with increased cell proliferation and increased expression of mucosal EGF , TGF alpha and EGFR . . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
The relative levels of endogenous EGF and EGF receptor ( EGFR ) transcripts were determined in both enamel organ epithelia and dental ectomesenchyme by reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction ( RT PCR ) assays . ^^^ EGF and EGFR were localized by immunohistochemistry ; both antigenic determinants were demonstrated on the same odontogenic cells in cultured tooth explants . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Immunoperoxidase localization of epidermal growth factor receptors ( EGFR ) and epidermal growth factor ( EGF ) itself was examined in rat first and second mandibular molars postnatally from day 0 to 12 . ^^^ The ameloblasts stained more intensely for EGF than for EGFR . ^^^ Because injections of EGF cause premature eruption of teeth and because the presence of a dental follicle is necessary for eruption , this study suggests that EGF could have its effect on the follicle as seen by the presence of EGFR receptors on the follicle . ^^^ Moreover , because EGF exerts its effects early ( day 0 3 ) to cause eruption and because the influx of monocytes into the follicle to form osteoclasts for bone resorption for eruption occurs early , the heavy staining for EGFR in the follicle early followed by the absence of staining at day 10 correlates chronologically with the key molecular and cellular events of eruption . ^^^ Thus , the localization of EGFR and EGF in the dental follicle coupled with the chronology of localization suggests that EGF could play a physiological role in tooth eruption . . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
To investigate functional relationships between EGF ( EGF like growth factors ) and oncogenes we have characterized the expression of the epidermal growth factor receptor ( EGFr ) in H Ras , 5 Myc , and H Ras 5 Myc transformed Balb / 3T3 cells . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
IK cell possessed Estrogen receptor ( ER ) , Progesterone receptor ( PR ) , Epidermal growth factor ( EGF ) and its receptor ( EGFR ) . ^^^ HEC cell had PR , EGF , and EGFR , however HEC cell did not keep ER . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
In 19 patients with advanced gastric cancer the expression of epidermal growth factor receptor and epidermal growth factor ( EGF ) were studied using immunohistochemical techniques . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
These include : ( 1 ) EGF in the normal urine of rats promotes chemically initiated TCC ; ( 2 ) EGF in normal human urine stimulates the clonal growth of human TCC cells in vitro ; ( 3 ) EGF stimulates the in vitro growth of human TCC cells , but not normal human urothelial cells ; ( 4 ) the density and distribution of the EGF receptor ( EGF R ) on human urothelial tissues permits significant access of premalignant , dysplastic , and malignant cells to EGF ; and ( 5 ) the concentration of EGF in the voided urine of patients with TCC is reduced , implying that EGF may be `` extracted ' ' from urine by the greater number of EGF Rs in patients with urothelial malignancy . ^^^ Abnormal expression of the urothelial EGF R and / or altered excretion of EGF may well precede overt evidence of TCC and thus may serve as markers of risk or exposure . ^^^ Similarly , reversion of EGF R expression or the return of excreted EGF to normal levels may provide a marker of response for preventive and therapeutic strategies . ^^^ Interference with the EGF / EGF R interaction through dietary or pharmacological manipulations of the urine , or via targeting strategies employing intravesical administration of conjugated toxins or isotopes is already being employed in experimental and clinical studies . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
The carboxyl terminal domain of the epidermal growth factor receptor ( EGFR ) is an important regulatory region in mediating the tyrosine kinase dependent biological effects of EGF . ^^^ EGFR and c ' 1022 EGFR displayed similar EGF stimulated in vitro tyrosine kinase activities ; however , kd EGFR was 5 to 10 fold more active in vitro than kd c ' 1022 EGFR . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
In cells expressing high levels of EGFR plus HPV 16 E 5 we found a dramatically increased proliferative activity in soft agar assays in the presence of EGF . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
The human epidermal growth factor receptor ( EGF R ) is a 170 kDa transmembrane glycoprotein that mediates the mitogenic response of cells to EGF and transforming growth factor alpha . ^^^ Culture conditions have been developed for the large scale expression of the cytoplasmic domain of the EGF R in insect cells using a recombinant baculovirus . ^^^ From 61 Sf 9 cells , grown to high density using a bioreactor , 20 mg of the EGF R kinase was purified to greater than 95 % purity . ^^^ Purification , which was carried out in the absence of detergents using classical purification methods , yielded an EGF R protein that was not phosphorylated on tyrosine . ^^^ This procedure has enabled us to produce high quality enzyme for both structural and biochemical studies on the EGF R kinase . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Epidermal growth factor ( EGF ) treatment of cells expressing the human EGF receptor ( EGFr ) results in rapid tyrosine phosphorylation of several cellular proteins including mitogen activated protein ( MAP ) kinase . ^^^ EGF treatment of cells expressing a tyrosine kinase inactive EGFr failed to induce the tyrosine phosphorylation of endogenous substrates in response to EGF ; however , the tyrosine phosphorylation and activation of MAP kinase did occur . ^^^ Because EGF does not stimulate cells expressing the inactive EGFr to proliferate , phosphorylation of MAP kinase may not be sufficient for the EGF dependent mitogenesis . . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
The melanoma determining Tu locus of the teleost Xiphophorus contains an accessory gene , 10 erbB * a , which is closely related to the EGF receptor gene family , and is probably oncogenic . 10 erbB * a exists in allelic forms that are specific for distinct Tu loci , and shows high homology to a non allelic non oncogenic counterpart 10 erbB * i which is transcribed into mRNA of 4 . 6 kb in non tumorous and tumorous tissues of fish harboring and lacking Tu . ^^^ The expression of the xiphophorine EGF receptor gene ( 10 erbB ) was detected in almost all tumors , is strongly enhanced in carcinoma , and is positively correlated with the degree of malignancy of melanoma and fibrosarcoma . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
The ability of monoclonal antibody ( MAb 108 ) , an immunoglobulin G ( IgG ) 2a against the epidermal growth factor receptor ( EGF R ) , to interact with lung cancer cell lines was investigated . 125I EGF bound with high affinity to non small cell lung cancer ( NSCLC ) cells , and MAb 108 inhibited specific binding of nine NSCLC cell lines in a dose dependent manner ( IC 50 = 0 . 3 3 micrograms per ml ) . 125I MAb 108 bound with high affinity ( kd = 2 nM ) to a single class of sites ( Bmax = 70 , 000 per cell ) using NSCLC neuroendocrine cell line NCI H 460 . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
This cell line has an amplified , native EGFR gene , correspondingly overexpresses the EGFR , and its growth in culture is inversely related to the EGF concentration . ^^^ In contrast , however , there is no evidence that GAP is either phosphorylated on tyrosine residues or forms a complex with the activated EGFR in EGF treated MDA 468 cells . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
In addition , we showed that AR , like EGF or TGF alpha stimulated the phosphorylation of the epidermal growth factor receptor ( EGF R ) on tyrosine residues . ^^^ This indicates that the AR intracellular signalling pathway involves the activation of EGF R kinase . . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Epidermal growth factor ( EGF ) and its receptor ( EGF R ) were identified by immunohistochemical method ( 4 layer PAP ) in the renal tissue specimens obtained from 11 normal kidneys and 17 cases of acute renal failure ( ARF ) . ^^^ The quantitative EGF and EGF R in the tissue were expressed as positive tubules per mm 2 . ^^^ The amount of EGF and EGF R in renal tissue was markedly increased in cases of ARF than in normal persons . ^^^ However , no obvious difference was noted in the distribution of EGF R between normal and ARF specimens . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Each of these cell lines expressed epidermal growth factor receptor ( EGFR ) as determined by [ 125I ] EGF competitive binding and Scatchard analysis and by phosphorylation . ^^^ Cell lysates and spent media competed for EGFR binding with EGF , thus demonstrating production of TGF alpha like activity . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
To gain insight into the mechanisms which control the mitogenic response to epidermal growth factor ( EGF ) , we have partially purified and characterized several intracellular proteins which are phosphorylated on tyrosine residues following activation of the epidermal growth factor receptor ( EGFR ) . ^^^ All of these proteins became specifically phosphorylated on tyrosine after EGF treatment of intact cells , as assessed by phosphoamino acid analysis , and none of them represented an EGFR degradation product . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
The expressions of epidermal growth factors ( EGF ) , epidermal growth factor receptors ( EGFR ) , and the c erbB 2 oncoprotein were immunohistochemically examined in 25 cases of human pancreatic carcinoma and epineoplastic pancreatitis and in 10 non cancerous / non inflammatory pancreatic tissues . ^^^ The positive rates of EGF , EGFR , and the c erbB 2 oncoprotein in cancer tissues were 72 % , 36 % , and 28 % , respectively . ^^^ In the EGF , EGFR , and c erbB 2 positive cancer tissues , some stromal cells , that is fibroblasts and endothelial cells , were also positive . ^^^ These results suggest that the coexpression of EGF and EGFR and the expression of the c erbB 2 oncoprotein are related to the existence of the invasion of human pancreatic cancer . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
The latter samples were disaggregated and labelled with antibodies to epidermal growth factor ( EGF ) , transforming growth factor alpha ( TGF alpha ) , and epidermal growth factor receptor ( EGF R ) . ^^^ All seven adenocarcinoma had many more cells expressing EGF , TGF alpha , and EGF R than normal gastric mucosa ( p less than 0 . 01 ) . ^^^ We conclude that flow cytometric evaluation of EGF R can help in the understanding of the pathogenesis of Barrett ' s oesophagus . . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Immunohistochemical studies on oncogene products ( EGF R , c erbB 2 ) and growth factors ( EGF , TGF alpha ) in human breast cancer : their relationship to oestrogen receptor status , histological grade , mitotic index and nodal status . ^^^ In this investigation , 83 human mammary carcinomas were examined for the expression of oestrogen receptor ( ER ) , epidermal growth factor receptor ( EGF R ) , epidermal growth factor ( EGF ) , transforming growth factor alpha ( TGF alpha ) , c erbB 2 , histological grade , mitotic index and nodal status , all of which are reportedly prognostically significant factors ( Bloom and Richardson 1957 ; Baak et al . 1985 ; Wright et al . 1989 ) . ^^^ ER expression was biochemically recognized in 43 . 4 % of mammary carcinomas , and EGF R , EGF , TGF alpha and c erbB 2 were histochemically recognized in 25 . 3 , 14 . 5 , 27 . 7 and 18 . 0 % of mammary carcinomas examined respectively , using conventional sections of buffered formalin fixed , paraffin embedded tissue and monoclonal or polyclonal antibodies . ^^^ There were significant relationships between negative ER and positive EGF R or TGF alpha ; positive EGF R and TGF alpha ; positive EGF R and c erbB 2 ; and positive c erbB 2 and TGF alpha . ^^^ Co expression of EGF R and TGF alpha correlated with positive nodal status . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
The erbB oncogene encodes an altered form of the epidermal growth factor ( EGF ) receptor that lacks the extracellular ligand binding domain . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
We show that in response to EGF , wild type EGFR and various EGFR mutants were able to undergo heterodimerization with HER 2 . ^^^ Addition of EGF to transfected cells co expressing HER 2 with a kinase negative point mutant of EGFR ( K721A ) stimulated heterodimer formation , tyrosine phosphorylation of K721A and HER 2 , and tyrosine phosphorylation of one of their known substrates , phospholipase C gamma . ^^^ However , the binding of EGF to transfected cells co expressing HER 2 together with another EGFR mutant CD 533 ( a deletion mutant lacking most of the cytoplasmic domain of EGFR ) caused heterodimerization and inhibition of tyrosine kinase activity . ^^^ It appears therefore that EGF induced heterodimerization of EGFR and HER 2 can promote either stimulatory or inhibitory influences on kinase activity . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
To address these issues , we utilized a chimeric molecule encompassing the extracellular domain of the epidermal growth factor ( EGF ) receptor ( EGFR ) fused to the transmembrane and intracellular domains of the erbB 2 product . ^^^ In this EGFR / erbB 2 chimera , erbB 2 kinase activity is regulated by EGF binding . ^^^ An EGFR / erbB 2 mutant bearing multiple Tyr Phe substitutions at erbB 2 autophosphorylation sites ( EGFR / erbB 2 5P ) displayed markedly reduced phosphotyrosine content following EGF stimulation in comparison with the non mutated chimera . ^^^ When expressed in NR 6 cells , the EGFR / erbB 2 5P mutant was unable to deliver a sizeable mitogenic signal when activated by EGF at physiological levels . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
The epidermal growth factor ( EGF ) receptor ( EGFR ) and the erbB 2 gene product , gp185erbB 2 , exhibit distinct abilities to stimulate mitogenesis in different target cells . ^^^ This mutant , designated EGFRThr 662 , displayed affinity for EGF binding and catalytic properties that were indistinguishable from those of the wild type EGFR . ^^^ Moreover , significant differences were detected in the pattern of intracellular proteins phosphorylated on tyrosine in vivo by EGFR and EGFRThr 662 in response to EGF . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
The epidermal growth factor receptor ( EGFr ) is a cell surface receptor for EGF and transforming growth factor alpha which is overexpressed by a number of human tumours . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
The effect of 1 . 25 dihydroxyvitamin D 3 ( 1 , 25 ( OH ) 2D3 ) on the number of epidermal growth factor receptors ( EGF R ) in the BT 20 human mammary carcinoma cell line ( which is known to possess a very high number of EGF R ) has been evaluated with this method . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
This study examined the immunohistochemical localization of EGF receptor ( EGF R ) in burn wound margins , adjacent proliferating epithelium , and closely associated sweat ducts , sebaceous glands , and hair follicles . ^^^ In the early postburn period ( days 2 4 ) , prominent staining for EGF R was found in undifferentiated , marginal keratinocytes , adjacent proliferating , hypertrophic epithelium , and both marginal and nonmarginal hair follicles , sweat ducts , and sebaceous glands . ^^^ During the late postburn period ( days 5 16 ) , EGF R was depleted along leading epithelial margins ; however , immunoreactive EGF R remained intensely positive in the hypertrophic epithelium and all skin appendages . ^^^ Increased detection of immunoreactive EGF R and the presence of [ 125I ] EGF binding in the hypertrophic epithelium correlated positively with proliferating cell nuclear antigen distributions . ^^^ Thus , the presence of EGF R in the appropriate keratinocyte populations suggests a functional role for this receptor during wound repair . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Several oncoproteins ( c myc , c Ha ras , c erbB 2 ) and growth factors / receptors ( EGF , EGF R , TGF alpha ) were immunostained . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
We have previously found that EGF can induce the expression of erb B1 / EGFR gene in normal and 3H TdR transformed C3H / 10T1 / 2CL8 mouse embryo fibroblast cells i . e . ^^^ Thus , the expression of both erbB 1 / EGFR gene and erbB 2 / neu oncogene can be induced by EGF . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
We apply a mathematical model for receptor mediated cell uptake and processing of epidermal growth factor ( EGF ) to analyze and predict proliferation responses to fibroblastic cells transfected with various forms of the EGF receptor ( EGFR ) to EGF . ^^^ The underlying conceptual hypothesis is that the mitogenic signal generated by EGF / EGFR binding on the cell surface , via stimulation of receptor tyrosine kinase activity , is attenuated when the receptors are downregulated and growth factor is depleted by endocytic internalization and subsequent intracellular degradation . ^^^ The mathematical model consists of kinetic equations for binding , internalization , degradation , and recycling of EGF and EGFR , along with an expression relating DNA synthesis rate to EGF / EGFR complex levels . ^^^ We show that this model can successfully interpret literature data for EGF dependent growth of NR 6 fibroblasts transfected with wild type EGFR . ^^^ Moreover , it successfully predicts the literature observation that NR 6 cells transfected with a delta 973 truncation mutant EGFR , which is kinase active but internalization deficient , require an order of magnitude lower EGF concentration than cells with wild type EGFR for half maximal proliferation rate . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
After the intraportal injection of EGF , the EGF receptor ( EGFR ) is rapidly internalized into hepatic endosomes where it remains largely receptor bound ( Lai et al . , 1989 . ^^^ However , the EGFR was also highly phosphorylated in endosomes reaching levels of tyrosine phosphorylation significantly higher than those of the cell surface receptor at 5 and 15 min after EGF injection . ^^^ A 55 kD tyrosine phosphorylated polypeptide ( pyp 55 ) was observed in association with the EGFR at the cell surface within 30 s of EGF injection . ^^^ Limited proteolysis of isolated endosomes indicated that the tyrosine phosphorylated domains of the EGFR and associated pyp 55 were cytosolically oriented while internalized EGF was intraluminal . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Moreover Dex growth inhibition occurs in JA 1 cells , an ovarian cancer cell line which expresses unfunctional EGFR and which is unresponsive to EGF . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Particularly salient are the following : ( 1 ) gene amplification is related to increasing grade of human glioma malignancy and occurs in approximately 40 % of the most common and most malignant variety of glioma , glioblastoma multiforme ( GBM ) , ( 2 ) by far the most commonly amplified gene in glioblastomas is the epidermal growth factor receptor ( EGFR ) gene , which is amplified in about one third of GBMs , ( 3 ) a small percentage of GBMs amplify N myc or the novel sequence gli , ( 4 ) the EGFR gene is rearranged in at least half of gliomas in which it is amplified , and ( 5 ) EGFR gene rearrangement results in external domain deletions that yield truncated EGF receptors . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
It has been proposed that the acute desensitization of epidermal growth factor receptor ( EGF R ) function can be accounted for , in part , by the effect of EGF to increase phosphorylation of the receptor at Ser1046 / 7 ( Countaway , J . ^^^ Here , we show that the mutational removal of this phosphorylation site causes an activation of EGF R function and a potentiation of signal transduction . ^^^ The mechanism of potentiation results from 1 ) defective down regulation of the EGF R when cells are incubated with high concentrations of EGF ; and 2 ) increased EGF stimulated tyrosine phosphorylation . ^^^ Together , these data strongly support the hypothesis that Ser1046 / 7 is a biologically significant site of regulatory phosphorylation of the EGF R . . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Solid phase ELISAs for the determination of EGF receptor ( EGF R ) and pp60c src tyrosine protein kinase activity are described . ^^^ The methods were developed and optimized using purified recombinant EGF R intracellular domain ( ICD ) and pp60c src tyrosine protein kinases . ^^^ To enable a comprehensive comparison , IC 50 values obtained in the ELISA were compared with values obtained in radioactive assays using both the holo EGF R and EGF R ICD kinases . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Tyrosine phosphorylated pp 170 was identified as the EGF receptor ( EGFR ) . ^^^ The tyrosine phosphorylated pp 55 substrate appeared to be associated with EGFR ; both pp 55 and EGFR were adsorbed to EGF Affi Gel , wheat germ lectin Sepharose , and anti EGFR antibodies bound to protein A Sepharose . pp 55 was not immunoreactive with anti EGFR antiserum by Western blot analysis , indicating that it was not a fragment of the receptor . ^^^ Increased amounts of 32P labeled pp 170 and pp 55 were detected in anti EGFR immunoprecipitates from liver extracts of EGF treated animals as compared with controls . ^^^ Phospho amino acid analysis of the 32P labeled phosphoproteins revealed that EGF stimulated both serine and tyrosine phosphorylation in pp 55 as well as in EGFR . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
In a number of recent studies it has been shown that in vivo part of the EGF receptor ( EGFR ) population is associated to the actin filament system . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Immunohistochemical study of epidermal growth factor ( EGF ) , epidermal growth factor receptor ( EGFR ) and transforming growth factor alpha ( TGF alpha ) expression was performed on paraffin embedded tissue specimens of 12 follicular carcinomas , 15 papillary carcinomas and 15 adenomas of the thyroid gland . ^^^ The tumors were placed in one of the following eight groups , according to the results of EGF , TGF alpha and EGFR expression : group 1 : none , group 2 : only EGFR , group 3 : EGFR and TGF alpha , group 4 : EGFR and EGF , group 5 : TGF alpha , and EGF , group 6 : all three , group 7 : only TFG alpha and , finally , group 8 : only EGF . ^^^ These results suggest that thyroid carcinomas expressing the systems EGF / EGFR , TGF alpha / EGFR or TGF alpha / EGF / EGFR display pathologic features of more aggressive disease . ^^^ Furthermore , the synchronous expression of EGF , TGF alpha and EGFR indicates that these carcinomas may regulate their growth by an autocrine and / or paracrine mechanism . . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
The expression of epidermal growth factor ( EGF ) and epidermal growth factor receptor ( EGFr ) in developing teeth has been immunohistochemically studied in rat embryos ( E 16 to E 21 ) . ^^^ Both EGF and EGFr showed a similar pattern of distribution . ^^^ In developed , but not erupted teeth , a moderate immunoreactivity for EGF and EGFr was present in the odontoblasts , in the ameloblasts and in the internal epithelial cells , but it was stronger in the dentine . ^^^ In addition , the presence of EGF / EGFr was also observed in the intercalated ducts of salivary glands , primarily the submaxillary gland , in the maxillary bone cells , and in the cells of the peripheral and central nervous system . ^^^ Moreover , EGF / EGFr seem to participate in the maturation and differentiation of other embryonic tissues such as tissues of the nervous system and bone . . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
EGF and EGF receptor ( EGF R ) in 4 5 weeks placenta were localized to C cell , whereas EGF and EGF R in 6 12 weeks placenta were localized to S cell . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
However , in spite of reported EGF effects on neurons , the expression of the EGF receptor ( EGF R ) has not yet been unambiguously demonstrated in these cells . ^^^ The identity of the synaptosomal EGF binding activity with the 170 kDA EGF R protein was demonstrated by cross linking experiments . ^^^ Furthermore , EGF Affi Prep affinity chromatography adsorbs a 170 kDa protein with EGF R immunoreactivity from whole homogenates of adult rat brain . ^^^ Phosphorylation assays made in freeze thawed or intact synaptosomes showed EGF induced tyrosine phosphorylation in the range of 170 , 126 150 , 124 , 113 , 98 , and 70 kDa proteins including the EGF R . ^^^ Thus , the EGF R / EGF regulatory system could have a role in synaptic function that remains to be explored . . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
The prognostic significance of the epidermal growth factor receptor status ( EGF R status ) for certain human tumors requires the development of antibodies useful for clinical application . ^^^ We used purified receptor preparations to generate monoclonal antibodies immunoreactive with the EGF R purified from placenta membranes and A 431 tumors . ^^^ Antibody R 3 was shown to display the following properties : it binds with a KD value of about 10 ( 9 ) 10 ( 10 ) M to the receptor , a half maximal inhibition of EGF binding is achieved at 5 10 10 ( 8 ) M , and in Western blots of cell membranes R 3 specifically detects the EGF R at 0 . 1 micrograms / ml . ^^^ Moreover , R 3 also detects EGF R in paraffin embedded tissue sections taken from human salivary gland , term placenta , and adult skin and mammary carcinomas . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
EGF and EGF receptor ( EGF R ) in 4 5 weeks placenta were almost exclusively localized to cytotrophoblasts , whereas EGF and EGF R in 6 12 weeks placenta were predominantly localized to syncytiotrophoblasts . ^^^ In the second and third trimester placentas , EGF was mainly localized to cytotrophoblasts , while EGF R was predominantly localized to syncytiotrophoblasts . ^^^ It is of great interest that the cytologic localization of EGF and EGF R in human placenta varies according to the age of gestation . ^^^ The fact that mitotically active cytotrophoblasts in 4 5 weeks placenta were positive for both EGF and EGF R expression suggests that EGF and EGF R may be involved in the control of multiplication of cytotrophoblasts very early in the first trimester . ^^^ On the other hand , the fact that mitotically inactive syncytiotrophoblasts in 6 12 weeks placenta were positive for both EGF and EGF R expression suggests that EGF and EGF R may play a role in the induction of differentiated function of trophoblast in 6 12 weeks gestation . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Chimeric receptors composed of the human epidermal growth factor receptor ( EGF R ) extracellular domain fused to wild type and truncated platelet derived growth factor receptor ( PDGF R ) intracellular sequences were stably expressed in NIH 3T3 cells devoid of endogenous EGF Rs . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
The epithelial growth factors , EGF and TGF alpha , which share the same receptor , EGFR , may play a pivotal role in the development and maintenance of head and neck cancer ; preliminary studies concerning TGF beta and IL 2 are inconclusive . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Immunoreactive EGF ( IR EGF ) and EGF receptors ( EGF R ) were histochemically identified in formalin fixed tissues of the upper digestive tract of 1 , 3 , 7 , 14 , 21 , and 28 day old pigs . ^^^ Immunoreactive EGF R were identified in the esophageal epithelium of all pigs , and in the nonglandular gastric and glandular gastric mucosa of all pigs , except for two 7 day old pigs and one 7 day old pig , respectively . ^^^ Immunoreactive EGF R were detected in the duodenal , jejunal , and ileal enterocytes of pigs of all ages examined . . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Results of previous studies suggested that responses of mouse blastocysts to TGF alpha / EGF treatment are mediated by EGF receptors ( EGFR ) located on the apical surface of the trophectoderm ( TE ) . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Quantitative determination of EGF R during epidermal wound healing . ^^^ A simplified model of wounding ( tape stripping to remove the stratum corneum ) was used to study the role of epidermal growth factor receptors ( EGF R ) in this process . ^^^ Although the dynamics of EGF R in epidermal wound healing have not been determined , the immunoreactive EGF R that are present presumably play an active role . ^^^ Prior studies show that 1 ) EGF R are present in increased numbers in proliferative skin diseases ; 2 ) a hypertrophic epidermis , closely resembling normal wound healing , is induced in mouse skin by EGF injections ; and 3 ) exogenous topical EGF potentiates wound healing . ^^^ This early increase in the levels of EGF R was followed by a sharp decline in EGF R and subsequent decline in epidermal thickness ( hypertrophy ) , total protein , and DNA levels . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
In addition , the basolateral and luminal EGFR staining in the epididymis and vas deferens suggest that these cells respond to an EGF , or EGF like , source both at the basal , luminal or at both sides of the cells , or that these tissues serve as sites of EGF transcytosis across the epithelium . . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Laryngeal squamous cell carcinomas from 15 consecutive preoperatively irradiated patients were investigated for the expression of epidermal growth factor receptor ( EGF receptor ) . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Epidermal growth factor ( EGF ) induced down regulation of its receptor is an obligatory pathway for cellular regulation of EGF specific receptor ( EGF R ) in normal and malignant cells . ^^^ BNER 4 cells are mouse Balb / 3T3 cells transfected with the human EGF R complementary DNA ( cDNA ) . ^^^ Polyoma middle T antigen transfectants of BNER 4 , B4 / MT 2 , B4 / MT 13 , B4 / MT 23 , and B4 / MT 24 , showed diminished down regulation of cell surface human EGF R in response to EGF relative to the parental BNER 4 cells . ^^^ Also , the 5 src transfectants B4 / SRC 13 and B4 / SRC 24 showed much less down regulation than BNER 4 cells , whereas H ras transfectants of BNER 4 , B4 / RAS 24 and B4 / RAS 25 , showed EGF induced down regulation of the cell surface EGF R similar to that of BNER 4 . ^^^ Transfection of human EGF R cDNA into MO 5 leads to the expression of high levels of human EGF R in MNER 31 . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Establishment of EGF , EGF R and FN R positive human adenocarcinoma cell line ( GAC 1 ) ] . ^^^ Immunohistochemical demonstration of GAC 1 cells revealed positive staining of TGF alpha , EGF , EGF R , FN R , laminin and negative staining of fibronectin . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Effects of EGF , anti EGF and anti EGFR antibodies on the growth of human cancer cells ] . ^^^ In this study , 3 human pancreatic adenocarcinoma cell lines ( PC 1 , PC 2 and PC 3 ) and 3 other human cancer cell lines ( adenocarcinoma of lung , LETP ; gastric carcinoma , SGL 7901 ; and breast carcinoma , BCP 37 ) were investigated by adding EGF , anti EGF antiserum and anti EGFR monoclonal antibody into culture medium . ^^^ Anti EGF and anti EGFR antibodies inhibited the proliferation of PC 1 , LETP and SGL 7901 cells . ^^^ EGF may exert stimulating or inhibiting effects on cancer cell proliferation , or it may have no effect at all , even though the EGFR gene was expressed in these cell lines . . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
By the method of indirect immunofluorescence with anti EGF R monoclonal antibody it is found that following a 1 h incubation of cells at 37 degrees C in the presence of EGF a bright staining of endosomes appears in the intranuclear region , while after incubation of the cells at 4 degrees only margins of cells are stained . ^^^ It is concluded that primaquine inhibits the recycling of EGF R in A 431 cells . . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
The major site of epidermal growth factor receptor ( EGF R ) serine phosphorylation is located within the COOH terminal domain of the receptor at Ser1046 / 7 . ^^^ We have previously demonstrated that this phosphorylation site accounts for the acute desensitization of the EGF R observed in EGF treated cells . ^^^ Here we show that the mutational removal of this negative regulatory phosphorylation site causes potentiation of signal transduction by the EGF R . ^^^ This potentiation can be accounted for in part by a block in the EGF stimulated down regulation of the EGF R . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
To elucidate the role of epidermal growth factor ( EGF ) in the maintenance and repair of airway epithelial cells in adult humans , we investigated immunohistochemically whether EGF receptor ( EGFR ) is expressed in these cells . ^^^ Thus , it appears unlikely that the EGF / EGFR system plays an important role in either maintenance or repair of airway epithelial cells in adult humans . . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
In addition , some proto oncogenes such as the EGF receptor ( erbB ) and the M CSF receptor ( fms ) are expressed along with their respective ligands in some ovarian cancers . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Expression of EGF , TGF alpha and EGFR in squamous cell lung carcinomas . ^^^ Immunohistochemical study of epidermal growth factor ( EGF ) , epidermal growth factor receptor ( EGFR ) and transforming growth factor alpha ( TGF alpha ) expression was performed on paraffin embedded tissue specimens of 70 squamous cell lung carcinomas . ^^^ The carcinomas were placed to one of the following eight groups , according to the results of EGF , TGF alpha and EGFR expression : group 1 : none , group 2 : only EGFR , group 3 : EGFR and TGF alpha , group 4 : EGFR and EGF , group 5 : TGF alpha and EGF , group 6 : all three , group 7 : only TGF alpha and finally group 8 : only EGF . ^^^ We also examined whether EGF receptors were truncated with the use of two monoclonal antibodies directed against different portions of the receptor ( EGFR 1 and F 4 ) . ^^^ These results suggest that lung carcinomas expressing the molecules EGF / EGFR , TFG alpha / EGFR or TGF / alpha / EGF / EGFR display pathologic features of more aggressive disease . . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Since positive correlation between the expression of EGF receptors and an increased dosage of chromosome 7 has been reported for malignant melanomas and the gene for EGFR has been mapped to band 7p12 p 13 , this phenomenon might be of importance for the proliferation of malignant melanoma . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Estrogen ( ER ) , progesterone ( PR ) , and EGF receptors ( EGF R ) have been detected in both mammary epithelial and stromal cells , and the relative roles of the various cells types in hormone dependent growth regulation are not known . ^^^ The present studies were undertaken to determine if E and / or P influence EGF action by exerting a regulatory effect on EGF R levels and which cell types are affected . ^^^ The comparative effects of ovariectomy and hormone treatments on EGF R levels were examined in immature , pubertal 5 week old and sexually mature 10 week old female mice . ^^^ EGF R were characterized as a single class of high affinity sites and EGF R concentration was 2 fold higher in glands of 5 week old mice . ^^^ Ovariectomy had no significant effect on EGF R concentration in either age group , and treatment with E and / or P had no effect on EGF R levels in either epithelial or stromal cells in 5 week old mice . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Immunohistochemical study on the expression of epidermal growth factor receptor ( EGF R ) in invasive cervical cancer of the uterus ] . ^^^ We have investigated the expression of epidermal growth factor receptor ( EGF R ) in invasive cervical cancer tissue of the uterus to determine whether there is a relationship between the expression of EGF R and lymph node metastasis . ^^^ Consequently , the expression of EGF R was detected in all cancer tissues as well in some normal tissue such as basal cell layers of epidermis . ^^^ The expression of EGF R was related inversely with lymph node metastasis by Wilcoxon rank sum test ( p less than 0 . 05 ) . ^^^ These findings suggest that the expression of EGF R in cervical cancer does not always lead to tumor growth or tumor invasion , although it does in some types of cancer . . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Scintillation Proximity Assay ( SPA ) , which does not require the physical separation of receptor bound and free ligand , was applied to study the interaction of Epidermal Growth Factor ( EGF ) with its receptor ( EGFR ) in membrane preparations from human placenta . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Immunohistochemical study of EGF and EGF R on the esophageal carcinomas from a standpoint of depth of invasion ] . ^^^ We performed immunohistochemical stainings for epidermal growth factor ( EGF ) and epidermal growth factor receptor ( EGF R ) on 63 resected esophageal carcinomas without preoperative treatment and 12 cases with preoperative radiation to clarify a relationship between positivity and depth of invasion . ^^^ EGF and EGF R showed a similar positivity ( 75 % of early cases and 88 . 9 % of advanced ones invaded beyond submucosa ) . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
There is evidence for functional interactions between RA and the EGF receptor ( EGFR ) . ^^^ RA enhances the proliferative response of cultured keratinocytes to EGF , increases the number of EGFRs on the surface of some cells , and induces EGFR promoter activity in most cells . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
This diversity of EGFR represents no binding activity of EGF , or loss of EGFR in the tumor cell upon EGFR mediated growth in odontogenic tumors was suggested a different tumor cell growth factor status or microenvironment in cell proliferation mechanism at the cellular level in cysts and tumors of odontogenic origin . . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Increased EGF binding and EGFR mRNA expression in rat aorta with chronic administration of pressor angiotensin 2 . ^^^ This study examines the changes in the mRNA expression of epidermal growth factor ( EGF ) , EGF receptor ( EGFR ) , platelet derived growth factor ( PDGF B ) , and transforming growth factor beta ( TGF beta 1 ) before and after sustained pressor infusion of angiotensin 2 ( Ang 2 ) for 4 weeks . ^^^ The specific binding of 125I labeled EGF to aortic membranes also increased ( 11 , 429 + / 728 vs 8630 + / 420 cpm / mg protein , P less than 0 . 05 ) with a parallel increase in the protein tyrosine kinase activity of the membranes indicating that the enhanced EGFR mRNA expression resulted in increased activity of a functional receptor . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
The altered distribution of epidermal growth factor receptors ( EGF R ) in hyperproliferative skin lesions such as psoriasis vulgaris , seborrheic keratoses , acanthosis nigricans , ichthyosis , and others implies aberrant control of growth / proliferation by epidermal growth factor ( EGF ) , transforming growth factor alpha ( TGF alpha ) , and other growth factors / cytokines . ^^^ Whether overexpression of EGF R : 1 ) correlates with epidermal proliferation , 2 ) serves as a hallmark of specific dermatoses , or 3 ) is due to modulation by multiple growth factors remains unclear . ^^^ To correlate distributions of EGF R with in vivo proliferative status , two benign diseases of unknown etiology , seborrheic keratoses and acrochordons ( skin tags ) , were examined using EGF R immunolocalization and 125I EGF binding techniques . ^^^ To correlate distributions of EGF R to specific dermatoses , skin diseases of viral etiology ( verruca vulgaris and molluscum contagiosum ) were also probed by EGF R immunolocalization and 125I EGF binding . ^^^ Elevated immunostaining for EGF R and 125I EGF binding sites were associated with actively growing seborrheic keratoses and skin tags whereas normal patterns of immunostaining and 125I EGF binding were seen in nongrowing seborrheic keratoses and skin tags . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Stimulation via cytokine receptors such as IL 2 and IL 3 receptors , but not by the EGF receptor ( EGFR ) , induces cells of the BAF B 03 hematopoietic cell line to transit the cell cycle . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
In contrast , the epidermal growth factor receptor ( EGFR ) has intrinsic cytoplasmic tyrosine kinase catalytic activity that is activated upon EGF binding . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Scatchard analysis of 125I EGF binding revealed that there is a single type of EGF receptor ( EGF R ) in granulosa cells and that the number of EGF R increases as the follicle matures . ^^^ These results suggested that EGF is produced by granulosa cells which contain abundant EGF R . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Active psoriatic lesions have increased EGF / TGF alpha receptors , historically known as the EGF R . ^^^ When psoriatic lesions in patients resolve due to therapy with different modalities , the EGF R persistently expressed in the outer layers of the epidermis either disappear or resume a basal location presumably due to receptor downregulation . ^^^ To test whether EGF could downregulate EGF R and biologically affect psoriatic epidermis , split thickness skin grafts of active psoriatic lesions were sutured onto the dorsal surface of nude mice . ^^^ Immunostaining showed persistent EGF R in all epidermal layers in the untreated , placebo , and 10 micrograms / ml EGF treated groups . ^^^ Those grafts receiving a high dose of EGF ( 50 micrograms / ml ) showed either no immunoreactive EGF R or faint basilar staining . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
The expression of epidermal growth factor receptor ( EGF R ) was examined in 27 primary human brain tumors ( 7 glioblastomas , 10 astrocytomas , 5 oligodendrogliomas , 1 schwannoma , 1 ganglioneuroma , 1 medulloblastoma , 1 ependymoma , 1 histiocytic lymphoma ) , in 6 brain metastases from lung carcinomas and in 20 meningiomas . ^^^ A good correlation between binding and total amount of EGF R protein detected by Western Blot was also observed . . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
However , since high amounts of EGF receptors found in one glioma were not the result of gene amplification , several systems of deregulation in EGFr production may exist and could be located at translational and / or post translational levels . . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Epidermal growth factor ( EGF ) and its receptor ( EGF R ) were immunohistochemically localized in trophoblast during human implantation from intrauterine and ectopic pregnancies . ^^^ Immunostaining for the EGF R was absent to light in the CT and moderate to intense in the IT . ^^^ Immunostaining for the EGF R was intense in the ST , with moderate staining in the cytoplasm and intense staining in the plasma membrane . ^^^ Additionally , EGF R immunostaining could be demonstrated on nuclear membranes . ^^^ The increase in the intensity of the immunostaining for both EGF and EGF R noted in CT , IT , and ST suggests a differentiated expression of this receptor ligand system in human trophoblast and provides evidence for an autocrine / paracrine role for EGF in trophoblast function . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
This receptor ( EGF R ) has been recently studied in breast tumor biopsies and its detectability reported as a prognostic indicator . ^^^ This suggests that the standard measurement of EGF R by binding assay should reflect only the number of non occupied receptor sites . ^^^ Based on this observation , the presence of occupied sites ( EGF R 2 ) has been assessed in 216 human mammary tumor biopsies simultaneously with the direct measurement of non occupied EGF receptor sites ( EGF R 1 ) and the results compared to estrogen and progesterone receptor status ( ER , PGR ) . ^^^ EGF R 1 and EGF R 2 were evaluated by 2 separate ( 125I ) EGF binding assays performed on 2 aliquots of tumor crude membrane fraction , the first one directly , the other after dissociation of the endogenously bound ligand . ^^^ It is found that EGF R 1 and EGF R 2 are detectable in 54 and 90 % of the cases , indicating that EGF R is masked by endogenous ligand in 36 % of the tumors . ( ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS ) . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
The epidermal growth factor ( EGF ) receptor ( EGFR ) promoter is negatively regulated by thyroid hormone and retinoic acid . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Findings of increased numbers of epidermal growth factor receptors ( EGF R ) and increased expression of transforming growth factor alpha ( TGF alpha ) in surgical specimens of human renal cell carcinoma have led to the proposal that growth of these tumors may be regulated by TGF alpha in an autocrine manner . ^^^ We demonstrated that both SKRC 4 and SKRC 29 cells were growth stimulated by greater than 35 % when cultured in the presence of TGF alpha or EGF and were inhibited by 29 % to 46 % if cultured in the presence of anti EGF R monoclonal antibody 225 . ^^^ Treatment of cells with TGF alpha enhanced the levels of expression of EGF R mRNA and TGF alpha mRNA . ^^^ Our findings suggest that proliferation of human renal carcinoma cells may be regulated by endogenously produced TGF alpha and that this regulatory pathway can be interrupted using antibody to its receptor , EGF R . . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Exogenous EGF down regulated the expression of functional EGF R , selectively in transformed cells . ^^^ TGF alpha failed to modulate EGF R . ^^^ In contrast , HC strongly stimulated the expression of EGF R while depressing MHC class 1 molecules . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Introduction of a polyclonal antibody to EGF or the EGF receptor ( EGF R ) caused a specific retardation of acinar cell proliferation when injected along with the growth factor . ^^^ Meanwhile , only the antibody to EGF R caused a dose dependent retardation of proliferation on co administration with isoprenaline both in vivo and in vitro . ^^^ When cells were incubated in the presence of EGF , plasma membranes from isoprenaline treated and control animals showed phosphorylation of the EGF R tyrosine moieties and transient increases in membrane associated phospholipase C gamma . ^^^ Isoprenaline did not stimulate phosphorylation of the EGF R in isolated plasma membranes . ^^^ Immunopurified EGF R demonstrated variations in reactivity with two different lectins after treatment of the cells with the beta agonist as well as increased galactosyltransferase substrate capacity in vitro . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
In those 3 cases , levels of EGFR synthesis and human EGF ( hEGF ) binding capacity were varied : HOC 605 and HOC 815 had slightly increased levels of hEGF binding capacity and EGFR synthesis , respectively . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Binding assay for epidermal growth factor receptor ( EGFR ) was performed using single saturating concentration of 125I EGF incubated with membrane preparations in the presence or absence of unlabelled EGF . ^^^ A median value of 3 fmol EGF binding capacity per mg of membrane was obtained and then selected as the threshold value to define positive and negative EGFR tumour samples . ^^^ Prognostic value of epidermal growth factor receptor in a series of 303 breast cancers . 125I EGF ( epidermal growth factor ) binding assay was used in tumoral specimens concerning 303 clinical T 1 T2 , N 0 N1 breast carcinoma diagnosed between May 1987 and October 1989 . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Epidermal growth factor ( EGF ) is a 6000 kDa peptide which exerts its biological effects by binding to a specific cell membrane receptor ( EGF R ) . ^^^ Extensive studies on EGF R in breast tumors have demonstrated the prognostic value of such assays . ^^^ EGF R measurement is also reportedly potentially useful in other tumors . ^^^ Classically , the EGF R content of tumor cell membrane preparations is evaluated by competition between a given concentration of labeled ligand and various concentrations of unlabeled ligand . ^^^ The large quantity of tumor tissue required ( approx . 0 . 5 g ) is a serious limitation for wide spread use of EGF R assays . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
The epidermal growth factor receptor ( EGF R ) C terminus contains three conserved tyrosines ( Y 1068 , Y 1148 , Y 1173 ) which are phosphorylated upon EGF activation . ^^^ The EGF R kinase activity is affected by tyrosine substitution since in vitro phosphorylation of exogenous substrates is reduced in the double and triple mutants . ^^^ We conclude , therefore , that the tyrosines at the extreme C terminus positively regulate the biological and transforming activity of the EGF R , probably via autophosphorylation . . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
After 2 h of exposure , EGF receptor ( EGFR ) was reduced by 43 % . ^^^ FRH grown in medium containing EGF exhibited down regulated EGFR with loss of high affinity EGF binding sites . ^^^ With TGF beta 1 exposure , high affinity EGFR was not down regulated by EGF . ^^^ Since down regulation of EGFR involves internalization , the kinetics of EGF receptor mediated endocytosis were examined . ^^^ Despite inhibition of growth , receptor down regulation , and EGF endocytosis after TGF beta 1 exposure , EGF induced receptor autophosphorylation was preserved as demonstrated by [ 32P ] phosphate labeling of immunoprecipitated EGFR . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
This significantly reduced ( up to 80 % inhibition ) dephosphorylation of insulin receptor ( IR ) , EGF receptor ( EGF R ) and glycogen synthase ( GS ) . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
The binding of epidermal growth factor ( EGF ) to its cell surface receptor ( EGF R ) results in a number of intracellular responses including the activation of the receptor intracellular tyrosine kinase . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Treatment of normal human fibroblasts with epidermal growth factor ( EGF ) results in the rapid ( 0 . 5 min ) and simultaneous tyrosine phosphorylation of the EGF receptor ( EGFr ) and several other proteins . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
The erbB 2 gene product , gp185erbB 2 , unlike the structurally related epidermal growth factor ( EGF ) receptor ( EGFR ) , exhibits constitutive kinase and transforming activity . ^^^ We used a chimeric EGFR / erbB 2 expression vector to compare the mitogenic signaling pathway of the erbB 2 kinase with that of the EGFR , at similar levels of expression , in response to EGF stimulation . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
EGF R as a hemopoietic growth factor receptor : the c erbB product is present in chicken erythrocytic progenitors and controls their self renewal . c erbB , encoding the EGF receptor ( EGF R ) , was originally identified as the cellular homolog of a chicken leukemia oncogene . ^^^ In humans , EGF R is distributed widely except in hemopoietic tissues , and its amplification is associated with epidermal and glial malignancies . ^^^ Cells that contain high affinity EGF R are at approximately the BFU E stage , and their long term renewal can be induced by TGF alpha . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
In the breast cancer cell line BT 20 which displays a high number of Epidermal Growth Factor Receptors ( EGF R ) , we have previously observed that 1 , 25 dihydroxyvitamin D 3 ( 1 , 25 ( OH ) 2D3 ) at low concentration ( 0 . 1 nM ) significantly reduces the proliferation rate while it upregulates the EGF binding capacity . ^^^ The aim of the present investigation was to analyze EGF R mRNA expression in 1 , 25 ( OH ) 2D3 treated BT 20 cells . ^^^ It is found that in cells treated for several days , the EGF R mRNA levels are increased in relation to the dose from 0 . 01 to 1 nM . ^^^ The data suggest that the stimulation of EGF R mRNA expression is dose and time dependent . ^^^ Therefore , the increased EGF binding capacity previously demonstrated can be related to the increase of EGF R transcript levels . . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
In this review 1 summarize the experimental data in favor of the notion that control of epidermal growth factor ( EGF ) receptor ( R ) and / or c erbB 2 protooncogene expression by specific autocrine growth factors and certain classical endocrine hormones serves as a transducer of extracellular signals that ultimately lead to growth responses in breast carcinoma cells . 1 summarize some new results on the role of epidermal growth factor ( EGF ) , transforming growth factor ( TGF ) alpha , and TGF beta in the control of EGF R protooncogene expression in human breast carcinoma cells . ^^^ Furthermore , the data embracing the hypothesis that the growth actions of hormone receptors that are homologous to the 5 erbA oncogene ( estrogens , progesterone , thyroid hormones , retinoic acid , and vitamin D ) are mediated , in part , by modulating EGF R and / or c erbB 2 protooncogene transcription are reviewed . ^^^ Finally , 1 develop the theme that cooperation of certain c erb A related , c erbB 2 and / or EGF R gene products contribute to the uncontrolled growth of human mammary carcinoma cells . ^^^ From the evidence reviewed , one can infer that elucidation of the molecular control of EGF R / c erbB 2 gene expression by c erbA related gene products may lead to both a better understanding of breast carcinogenesis and a new therapeutic approach directed at controlling the transcriptional responses of EGF R / c erbB 2 genes . . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
EGF and transforming growth factor a ( TGF a ) bound to the mutant EGFR with high affinity and enhanced the intrinsic mutant EGFR kinase activity . ^^^ The mutant EGFR was capable of transducing EGF stimulated glioma cell proliferation and invasiveness in an in vitro three dimensional spheroid model . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
We have generated and characterized three rabbit polyclonal antibodies that recognize different regions of the epidermal growth factor receptor ( EGF R ) and used them to study the degradation of the receptor in the isolated perfused rat liver . ^^^ These findings suggest that movement of EGF Rs from the limiting membrane of endosomes to the lumen of lysosomes permits the degradation of the entire EGF R molecule within lysosomes . . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Interleukin 1 or tumor necrosis factor alpha can cause a transient down modulation of epidermal growth factor ( EGF ) binding to quiescent fibroblast monolayers ; the effect results from a reduction in EGF receptor ( EGF R ) affinity and appears to be mediated by a protein kinase C ( PKC ) independent mechanism . ^^^ Here we show transient increases in EGF R serine / threonine phosphorylation which are temporally coordinated with the effects on EGF binding ; we also demonstrate that the cytokine mediated phosphorylations , unlike those caused by PKC activators , have little discernible effect upon intrinsic EGF R associated tyrosine kinase activity . ^^^ Cytokine mediated EGF R phosphorylation is resistant to staurosporine , an extremely potent inhibitor of PKC . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Binding sites for epidermal growth factor ( EGF ) had been described previously in NSCL , therefore we found erbB homologue transcripts coding for the EGF receptor in all NSCLC cell lines . ^^^ However , transcriptional activation of a proto oncogene like erbB , ras , raf , src , and c myc , which are all involved in the progression pathway of EGF , may be a common feature of NSCLC . . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
To evaluate the distribution and density of epidermal growth factor ( EGF ) receptors ( EGF Rs ) on urothelium , immunohistological studies using a monoclonal antibody to the binding portion of the human EGF R were performed on frozen specimens of normal urothelium ( N = 20 ) , urothelium from patients with nonurothelial urological malignancies ( N = 15 ) and inflammatory diseases ( N = 8 ) , low grade superficial transitional cell carcinomas ( TCC ) ( N = 13 ) , high grade superficial or invasive TCC ( N = 28 ) , and endoscopically normal appearing urothelium from patients with low grade superficial ( N = 5 ) or high grade ( N = 21 ) TCC elsewhere in the bladder ( or ipsilateral renal pelvis / ureter ) . ^^^ Scatchard plots demonstrated that varying pH from 5 . 0 to 7 . 5 did not significantly change the total number of receptors , but EGF R affinity was reduced approximately 20 fold as pH decreased from 7 . 5 to 5 in each TCC target . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
The mitogenic activity of epidermal growth factor ( EGF ) is mediated by a cell surface receptor ( EGF R ) which has been identified in human prostate tissues . ^^^ Because of conflicting reports on the relative levels of EGF R in prostate tumors as measured by binding of radiolabelled EGF , we have examined EGF R expression at the level of the specific messenger RNA using a sensitive RNase protection assay . ^^^ Expression of the mRNA for EGF R was higher in carcinoma ( CaP , N = 38 ) than in benign prostatic hyperplasia ( BPH , N = 35 ) samples ( p less than 0 . 01 ) . ^^^ The highest levels of EGF R mRNA were found in the human prostatic carcinoma cell lines , PC 3 and DU 145 . ^^^ Among the CaP samples , there was an association of higher EGF R mRNA levels with higher tumor extent and dedifferentiation . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
The immunohistochemical localization of epidermal growth factor receptors ( EGF R ) was studied in human fetal skin because this receptor modulates all known actions of EGF and TGF alpha . ^^^ EGF R are present in developing skin as early as the 42nd day of gestation . ^^^ Immunoreactive EGF R are present in keratinocytes , endothelial , and skeletal muscle cells . ^^^ In contrast to normal adult human skin in which the EGF R are primarily restricted to the basal and immediately suprabasal keratinocytes , the fetal epidermis showed a persistent expression of EGF R in all cell layers . ^^^ The absence of EGF R on the outer , apical surface of periderm cells that are exposed to amniotic fluid was unexpected and may reflect down regulation of EGF R by EGF / TGF alpha or related fetal growth factors present in amniotic fluid . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
The mechanism of epidermal growth factor receptor ( EGF R ) autophosphorylation in intact A 431 cells was studied . ^^^ We detected epidermal growth factor ( EGF ) induced tyrosine phosphorylation of EGF R not occupied with ligand . ^^^ Subsequent immunoprecipitation with antiphosphotyrosine antibodies resulted in precipitation of both EGF R complexes with EGF and EGF R with unoccupied ligand binding site . ^^^ The fact of precipitation of EGF R with unoccupied ligand binding site in conjunction with our finding of rapid dephosphorylation of EGF R after EGF extraction by acidic treatment , strongly supports the interpretation that cross phosphorylation of EGF R may take place in intact cells . . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Transforming growth factor alpha ( TGF alpha ) is frequently coexpressed with its receptor , epidermal growth factor receptor ( EGF R ) , in several types of carcinoma and sarcoma . ^^^ We have found that TGF alpha and EGF R / c erbB RNAs were co expressed at significantly higher levels in papillary thyroid carcinomas and their lymph node metastases than in non neoplastic thyroid tissues . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
The EGFR in these clones were functionally normal since EGF could increase their autophosphorylation and since EGF could enhance the transphosphorylation of p185erbB 2 . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
CA 19 9 was positive in 58 % of the papillary carcinomas , EGF in 73 % of papillary carcinomas , 67 % of anaplastic carcinomas , and 33 % of follicular carcinomas , while EGF R was found in 73 % of the papillary carcinomas , and 33 % of the follicular carcinomas . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
EGFR autophosphorylation was detected using antiphosphotyrosine antibodies after 5 min exposure to EGF . ^^^ EGF binding induced rapid EGFR internalization ( t1 / 2 = 9 min ) and mobilization of transferrin receptors to the cell surface within 1 min . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Tyrosine phosphorylated proteins were similar but not identical in epidermal growth factor ( EGF ) stimulated cells expressing the human EGF receptor ( EGFR ) or a chimeric EGFR / neu receptor but differed from phosphotyrosyl proteins constitutively expressed in neu oncogene transformed cells . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
During both postnatal development and epidermal differentiation , responsiveness to elevated TGF alpha seemed to correlate with existing epidermal growth factor ( EGF ) receptor levels , and we saw no evidence for TGF alpha mediated control of EGF receptor ( EGFR ) expression . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
However , prostatic growth may be mediated by epidermal growth factor ( EGF ) and the expression of the EGF receptor ( EGFR ) may be influenced by the androgenic milieu . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
AR is also functionally related to this family of growth regulatory molecules and is able to bind and activate the 170 kDa EGF receptor ( EGFR ) . ^^^ Human EGFR 3 ( HER 3 ) / ERBB3 is a recently identified protein related to the EGFR that is widely expressed in breast carcinomas and is a candidate receptor for EGF like growth factors . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Murine epidermal growth factor ( EGF ) binds with approximately 250 fold higher binding affinity to the human EGF receptor ( EGFR ) than to the chicken EGFR . ^^^ This difference in binding affinity enabled the identification of a major ligand binding domain for EGF by studying the binding properties of various chicken / human EGFR chimera expressed in transfected cells lacking endogenous EGFR . ^^^ Here , we analyze the binding properties of novel chicken / human chimera to further delineate the contact sequences in domain 3 and to assess the role of other regions of EGFR for their contribution to the display of high affinity EGF binding . ^^^ In addition , the binding of various human specific anti EGFR monoclonal antibodies that interfere with EGF binding is also compared . ^^^ It is concluded that noncontiguous regions of the EGFR contribute additively to the binding of EGF . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Metabolic labeling of MDA 468 cells with [ 35S ] methionine followed by immunoprecipitation of the EGF receptor ( EGFR ) indicated that the amount of total receptor protein was decreased . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
We examined 35 primary human ovarian adenocarcinomas for the presence of epidermal growth factor ( EGF ) receptor ( EGFR ) in plasma membranes from cancer tissues by using 125I EGF as a ligand . ^^^ Northern analysis in polyadenylated RNA from 15 EGFR ( + ) cancers using pretransforming growth factor alpha ( pre TGF alpha ) , prepro EGF complementary DNA , and pE 7 , a complementary DNA clone of human EGFR , as probes revealed that pre TGF alpha and EGFR mRNAs but not prepro EGF mRNA were expressed in all cases examined . ^^^ Immunocytochemical studies using monoclonal antibodies ( mAbs ) against TGF alpha , EGF , and EGFR showed that TGF alpha and EGFR but not EGF proteins were present on ovarian cancer cells in all cases . ^^^ Moreover , the addition of mAbs against TGF alpha and EGFR but not EGF inhibited [ 3H ] thymidine incorporation dose dependently in EGFR ( + ) cancer cells . ^^^ On the other hand , in primary cultures from EGFR ( ) cancers , TGF alpha and anti TGF alpha , EGFR , and EGF mAbs did not show any effects on [ 3H ] thymidine incorporation . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
IFN alpha blocks EGF stimulated proliferation of these cells and down regulates EGF receptors ( EGFR ) by inhibiting EGFR synthesis . ^^^ Although EGF stimulates the proliferation of RC cells resistant to the antiproliferative action of IFN alpha , IFN alpha treatment does not block the EGF stimulated proliferation of these cells and has no effect on EGFR expression . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Although transforming growth factor ( TGF ) alpha and epidermal growth factor ( EGF ) receptor ( EGFR ) autocrine mechanism is widely demonstrated in many kinds of cancers , its biological significances still remain circumstantial . ^^^ Northern blot analysis in polyadenylated RNA isolated from cells by using 32P labeled pre TGF alpha , EGRF , and prepro EGF complementary DNAs as probes revealed that pre TGF alpha and EGFR but not prepro EGF gene transcripts were expressed in the cell . ^^^ TGF alpha and EGFR but not EGF proteins were observed by immunocytochemical stainings , using monoclonal antibodies against human TGF alpha , EGFR , and EGF , respectively . ^^^ Although 0 . 1 , 1 . 0 , and 10 nM concentrations of TGF alpha did not show significant growth promotion , monoclonal antibodies against TGF alpha and EGFR but not EGF significantly inhibited cell growth . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Using the indirect immunoperoxidase method , we investigated frozen sections of 15 epiretinal membranes in PVR for the presence of epidermal growth factor receptor ( EGFR ) , which is commonly utilized by epidermal growth factor ( EGF ) and transforming growth factor alpha ( TGF alpha ) . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
The chimeric EK receptor ( EK R ) , consisting of the epidermal growth factor receptor ( EGF R ) extracellular binding domain and p145c kit cytoplasmic signal generating sequences , was fully functional in forming high and low affinity EGF binding sites and in ligand regulated receptor and substrate phosphorylation activities . ^^^ Relative to EGF R , EK R activation stimulated kit characteristic phosphorylation of human 293 fibroblast substrate polypeptides . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Two monoclonal antibodies of the IgG 2 subclass , designated A 01 and B 11 , were prepared against two synthetic peptides corresponding to the COOH terminal sequence of the human epidermal growth factor receptor ( EGF R ) , in order to detect EGF R in a radioimmunometric assay and by immunohistochemistry . ^^^ Thus , A 01 and B 11 are directed against an antigenic site on the human EGF R . ^^^ With Western blot analysis and immunostaining , A 01 was shown to be EGF R specific . ^^^ In addition to the EGF R , B 11 recognized two unidentified soluble proteins present in the cytoplasm of the SKBR 3 cell line but different from the c erb B 2 oncoprotein expressed by these cells . ^^^ Mabs A 01 and B 11 were used in an IRMA for the determination of EGF R using the A 431 cell line as a source of EGF R . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
In situ cross linking and autophosphorylation studies showed that EGF receptor ( EGF R ) in Day 4 mouse blastocysts is a protein of approximately 170 kDa that is phosphorylated when exposed to EGF and ATP . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
This antibody was found to preferentially recognize the ligand activated EGFr as detected by immunoprecipitation , Western blotting and immunocytochemical techniques . mAb 74 did not recognize other tyrosine phosphorylated proteins and was not inhibited by phosphotyrosine , suggesting that it is recognizing an epitope specific for the ligand activated EGF receptor . ^^^ The reactivity of mAb 74 towards EGFr was closely correlated with the EGF dependent tyrosine phosphorylation of endogenous substrates . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Changes in the expression rate of epidermal growth factor receptor ( EGFR ) mRNA with age in the liver of rats were examined to assess the contribution of EGF to the proliferation of hepatocytes in younger animals . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
We have reported previously that human group C adenoviruses down regulate the epidermal growth factor ( EGF ) receptor ( EGF R ) ( C . ^^^ We show here that EGF R down regulation is accelerated in cells which overexpress the receptor when these cells are infected with virus mutants that overproduce the 13 . 7 kDa protein compared with wild type virus . ^^^ This is in contrast to EGF stimulation , for which others have shown that high concentrations of ligand are associated with low rates of receptor internalization in EGF R overexpressing cells ( D . ^^^ Moreover , while mature membrane bound EGF R is down regulated , the precursor of the membrane bound form is not . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
EGF receptors ( EGFR ) coimmunolocalized with EGF in the primitive airways . ^^^ We conclude that early mouse embryo lungs express EGF transcripts and corresponding EGF peptides in a specific position restricted distribution which coimmunolocalizes with EGFR in the primitive airways , while stimulatory and inhibitory studies indicate a functional role for the transduced EGF signal in the epigenetic regulation of lung branching morphogenesis . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Quantitative dissociation between EGF effects on c myc and c fos gene expression , DNA synthesis , and epidermal growth factor receptor tyrosine kinase activity . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
EGF R antisense RNA blocks expression of the epidermal growth factor receptor and suppresses the transforming phenotype of a human carcinoma cell line . ^^^ Initial experiments performed in vitro , showed that antisense RNA complementary to the entire coding region ( AS FL ) or to parts of the EGF R mRNA ( AS 3 ' , AS 5 ' , and AS K ) effectively blocked translation of EGF R mRNA . ^^^ In addition , upon microinjection into KB cells , the in vitro synthesized antisense RNAs were able to inhibit transiently the synthesis of EGF R . ^^^ Transfection of the same EGF R antisense RNA constructs into the human epidermoid carcinoma KB cell line gave rise to several clones stably expressing elevated levels of antisense RNA and resulting in low residual levels of EGF receptor . ^^^ In addition the severity of the phenotype was directly proportional to the residual amount of EGF R expressed . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
The EGF independence of S 2 was accompanied by an overexpression of the mRNAs for epidermal growth factor receptor ( EGF R ) , transforming growth factor alpha , and c erb B 2 as compared to the EGF dependent subline ( S 1 ) . ^^^ Moreover , by application of a blocking anti EGF R antibody , growth of S 2 cells in EGF free medium was inhibited significantly , indicating that EGF R was involved in an autocrine loop probably with transforming growth factor alpha as ligand . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
The present study was undertaken to compare the relationship between response to exogenous epidermal growth factor ( EGF ) and the expression of the EGF receptor ( EGF R ) in an androgen sensitive ( LNCaP ) and insensitive ( DU 145 ) prostate cancer cell line . ^^^ Although both cell lines demonstrated a single EGF R binding site of similar high affinities ( mean dissociation constant ( Kd ) + / S . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Experiments reported herein were designed to determine whether , in addition to inducing TGF alpha , UVC might also induce changes in the levels of EGFR on HeLa S 3 cells [ 125I ] EGF binding to HeLa S 3 cells was inhibited 8 h after exposure to 7 J / m2 UVC radiation followed by increased [ 125I ] EGF binding 16 32 h after irradiation . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
An immunohistological study of epidermal growth factor ( EGF ) and epidermal growth factor receptor ( EGFR ) was made with 157 specimens of stomach cancer . ^^^ EGF stained positively in 70 specimens ( 45 % ) , and EGFR in 53 specimens ( 34 % ) . ^^^ The cancers were classified into three groups ; Group 1 with neither EGF nor EGFR staining positively ( 67 tumors ) ; Group 2 with either EGF or EGFR staining positively ( 57 tumors ) ; and Group 3 with both EGF and EGFR staining positively ( 33 tumors ) . ^^^ Patients with synchronous expression of EGF and EGFR ( Group 3 ) had the poorest prognosis . ^^^ From the results , it may be concluded that tumors with synchronous expression of EGF and EGFR have the highest malignant potentials and this phenomenon may cause autocrine secretion for self replication . . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
In this work a new monoclonal antibody ( mAb ) , designated MGR 1 , which recognizes the epidermal growth factor receptor ( EGF R ) binding site , is described . ^^^ The main characteristic of this mAb is its ability to discriminate between cells that express normal levels of EGF R from cells with overexpression , the detectability threshold by immunocytochemical tests being 5 10 10 ( 4 ) receptors / cell of 10 microns diameter . ^^^ MGR 1 exerted an inhibitory effect on both the in vitro and in vivo growth of cells with EGF R overexpression , but had no effect on cells with a normal expression of the receptor . ^^^ MGR 1 therefore seems to be an adequate reagent for the development of immunotherapeutical approaches suitable for the treatment of tumours with EGF R overexpression . . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Moreover , EGF receptor ( EGF R ) activation and autophosphorylation results in binding of PLC gamma to the tyrosine phosphorylated carboxy terminus of the receptor . ^^^ To gain further insights into the mechanisms and interactions regulating these processes , we have analyzed transfected NIH 3T3 cells expressing two EGF R carboxy terminal deletion mutants ( CD 63 and CD 126 ) with reduced capacity to stimulate PI hydrolysis , Ca2+ rises , and DNA synthesis . ^^^ It is clear , however , that the carboxy terminal region of EGF R is involved in regulation of interactions with cellular targets and therefore plays a crucial role in postreceptor signaling pathways . . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Double immunofluorescence microscopy reveals that epidermal growth factor ( EGF ) treatment of A 431 cells results in more apparent co localization of EGF receptor ( EGFR ) and actin filaments , as compared to control cells . ^^^ This indicates that EGF induces actin polymerization as well as additional association of the EGFR with similar sites on the membrane skeleton . ^^^ Interestingly , EGF treatment of intact cells results in increased immunoprecipitation of cytoskeleton associated EGFR as well as of F actin , while actin does not co precipitate with the non ionic detergent solubilized EGFR . ^^^ EGF induces additional formation of protein complexes , containing the EGFR and F actin and a limited set of other unidentified proteins . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
By utilizing the carboxy terminal tail of EGF receptor ( EGFR ) as a probe to screen lambda gt 11 expression libraries , several EGFR binding proteins have been cloned ; two have been analyzed and contain unique SH 2 and SH 3 domains . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
To determine the domains of the low affinity nerve growth factor ( NGF ) receptor required for appropriate signal transduction , a series of hybrid receptors were constructed that consisted of the extracellular ligand binding domain of the human epidermal growth factor ( EGF ) receptor ( EGFR ) fused to the transmembrane and cytoplasmic domains of the human low affinity NGF receptor ( NGFR ) . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Since elevated expression levels of the epidermal growth factor receptor ( EGF R ) , in addition to that of c Ha ras , have been correlated with transitional cell carcinoma progression , we sought to determine whether up regulation of the EGF R had occurred in the invasive high ras expressors and if so , what functional significance this might have . ^^^ Our results show that invasive cell lines which overexpress the c Ha ras gene also have increased epidermal EGF R expression . ^^^ This was found to occur at both the protein and mRNA levels , and analysis of the EGF R promoter / enhancer sequences has revealed a putative AP 1 site which may possibly enhancer sequences has revealed a putative AP 1 site which may possibly serve as a ras response element . ^^^ In addition , we found that the cells overexpressing the EGF R had acquired a positive sensitivity to the stimulatory mitogenic effects of EGF . ^^^ Hence , the results obtained suggest a role for either a normal or a mutated overexpressing Ha ras in up regulating the surface EGF R , possibly through an AP 1 site during human bladder carcinoma progression ; they also highlight the potential that EGF may have in cooperating with this EGF R up regulation to help mediate enhanced tumor growth . . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
All EGFR positive cases was synchronous positive for the expression of EGF . ^^^ These results suggest that EGFR may play an important role in tumor progression in cooperation with EGF . . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Recent data suggest that epidermal growth factor and epidermal growth factor receptors ( EGF / EGF R ) are present and functional in neurons within the central nervous system . ^^^ Also , EGF R was documented in discrete locations in normal adult human brain , as well as in senile plaques associated with Alzheimer ' s disease . ^^^ Using two polyclonal sera , anti EGF and anti EGF R , in conjunction with immunohistochemical staining , we examined formalin fixed , paraffin embedded neural tissues from 10 autopsied , human brains . ^^^ Immunostaining for EGF and EGF R was detected in hippocampal pyramidal cells . ^^^ It appears that EGF and / or EGF R may play a role during maturation and differentiation of the human central nervous system . . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
In EGFR T 17 cells , pretreatment with cis unsaturated ( oleic and palmitoleic acids ) NEFA , but not with saturated or trans unsaturated NEFA , inhibited the epidermal growth factor ( EGF ) induced increases in cytosolic [ Ca2+ ] , membrane potential and Ins ( 1 , 4 , 5 ) P 3 generation . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Capping of the EGF receptor ( EGF R ) on the surface of suspended and adherent epidermoid carcinoma cells , A 431 , is studied . ^^^ Two processes appear to take place at 20 degrees C : redistribution of the EGF R with cortical actin into the caps within 15 30 min and reconstruction of cytoplasmic actin bundles over 45 60 min . ^^^ Dihydrocytochalasin B prevented cap formation in adherent cells , but small patches of EGF R colocalized with actin aggregates under plasma membrane were observed . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
The 125I labeled EGF preparations were distinguished by analyzing the binding of the radioligand to the EGF receptor ( EGFR ) containing human placental membranes . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
The epidermal growth factor receptor ( EGF r ) and its ligands are involved in the control of proliferation of both normal and neoplastic thyroid epithelium . ^^^ We have therefore examined an archival series of thyroid tumours and non neoplastic pathologies for expression of the EGF r and 2 of its ligands , transforming growth factor alpha ( TGF alpha ) and epidermal growth factor ( EGF ) , using immunohistochemistry . ^^^ We found evidence of expression of both the EGF r and the TGF alpha in the majority of thyroid tumours , with a trend to higher expression in more malignant neoplasms . ^^^ We also found variable levels of expression of EGF r and TGF alpha in all cases of thyroiditis examined . ^^^ We conclude that there is a potential autocrine loop involving the EGF r system in both neoplastic and non neoplastic conditions of the human thyroid . . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
We showed that TE cells expressed EGF receptors ( EGF R ) in vitro and in vivo , and that treatment of TE cells with EGF or TGF alpha increased IL 1 and IL 6 biological activity and mRNA levels for IL 1 alpha , IL 1 beta , and IL 6 . ^^^ By indirect immunofluorescence assay , TGF alpha was localized in medullary TE cells and thymic Hassall ' s bodies while EGF R was localized to TE cells throughout the thymus . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Of the examined tumors , 67 % showed a high expression of transforming growth factor alpha ( TGF alpha ) ; 50 % for epidermal growth factor ( EGF ) , 45 % for EGF receptor ( EGFR ) , and 30 % for urokinase type plasminogen activator ( uPA ) . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
We hypothesize that the actions of epidermal growth factor ( EGF ) may be modulated by changes in cell surface EGF receptor ( EGF R ) expression under endocrine influences . ^^^ During ontogenesis , both sexes showed a significant increase ( P less than 0 . 005 ) in hepatic EGF R numbers at puberty ; however , males demonstrated significantly higher levels than females ( P less than 0 . 005 ) . ^^^ Gonadectomy of adult males and females resulted in a significant ( P less than 0 . 05 ) decrease and increase , respectively , in hepatic EGF R expression . ^^^ Prepubertal gonadectomy in both sexes resulted in EGF R levels similar to those observed in adult females . ^^^ Adrenalectomy of adult animals of both sexes had no effect on hepatic EGF R numbers , but gonadectomy plus adrenalectomy virtually obliterated EGF R expression . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
The transforming gene product of avian erythroblastosis virus , 5 erbB , is derived from the epidermal growth factor ( EGF ) receptor but has lost its extracellular ligand binding domain and was mutated in its cytoplasmic portion , which is thought to be responsible for biological signal generation . ^^^ We have repaired the deletion of extracellular EGF binding sequences and investigated the functional consequences of cytoplasmic erbB mutations . ^^^ Within the resulting EGF receptors , the autophosphorylation activities of the cytoplasmic domains of 5 erbB H and 5 erbB ES 4 were fully ligand dependent in intact cells . ^^^ However , the mitogenic and transforming signaling activities of an EGF receptor carrying 5 erbB ES 4 ( but not 5 erbB H ) cytoplasmic sequences remained ligand independent , whereas those of a receptor with a 5 erbB H cytoplasmic domain were regulated by EGF or transforming growth factor alpha . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
The Drosophila epidermal growth factor receptor homolog ( DER ) displays sequence similarity to both the epidermal growth factor ( EGF ) receptor and the neu vertebrate proteins . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
The EGFR of these cells displayed three affinity states for EGF : low ( Kd , approximately 10 ( 9 ) M ) , high ( Kd , 10 ( 9 ) to 10 ( 10 ) M ) , and very high ( Kd , 10 ( 11 ) M ) , as determined by Scatchard analyses . ^^^ Relatively small levels of EGF had a dramatic biological effect on cells expressing very high affinity EGFR . ^^^ EGF and TPA had differential effects on down modulation of the EGFR in cells that express either one or both species of receptor proteins . . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
The erbB 1 and erbB 2 protooncogenes encode homologous membrane receptors that respectively bind epidermal growth factor ( EGF ) and a still incompletely characterized ligand . ^^^ The formation of the latter species is absolutely dependent on the presence of EGF receptor and thus appears to represent a heterodimer of the erbB 1 and erbB 2 receptors . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
We have examined the expression of mRNAs for epidermal growth factor ( EGF ) , transforming growth factor alpha ( TGF alpha ) , EGF receptor ( EGFR ) , PDGF A chain ( PDGFA ) , PDGF B chain ( PDGFB ) and PDGF receptor ( PDGFR ) genes in seven human colorectal carcinoma cell lines and 18 human colorectal carcinomas . ^^^ Of the five tumors expressing EGF , four expressed EGFR mRNA and showed a tendency to invade veins and lymphatics . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
The EGF receptor ( EGF R ) , a 170 KD transmembrane glycoprotein , is found at a high level in the BT 20 human mammary carcinoma cell line ( 1 + / 0 . 4 10 10 ( 6 ) sites per cell ) . ^^^ In this study , we examined the expression of the EGF R gene in BT 20 cell line by in situ hybridization at the light and electron microscopic level using a human cDNA , corresponding to EGF R transmembrane and protein kinase domains , labeled with [ 3H ] , [ 35S ] , or [ 32P ] d ATP . ^^^ EGF R mRNA was observed principally at the cytoplasmic level , on organelles involved in the protein synthesis process . ^^^ Labeling was also located on the microvilli which extend into the intercellular space , suggesting that some mRNA would be located in sites where EGF R is utilized . ^^^ This study demonstrates that post embedding in situ hybridization , after quick freezing and cryosubstitution , is a powerful EM in situ hybridization procedure to study the expression of the EGF R gene . . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Antibodies to epidermal growth factor receptor ( EGF ) and transforming growth factor alpha ( TGF alpha ) were used to determine the role of endogenous TGF alpha in the growth of 2 human colon carcinoma cell lines . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Unregulated or increased expression of epidermal growth factor receptor ( EGF R ) is a common event in neoplastic transformation ; modulation of such a receptor by physiological agents could be , therefore , of clinical interest . ^^^ We have studied the binding ability , the availability at cell surface , and the synthesis of EGF R in the A 431 and KB human epidermoid cancer cell lines after treatment with recombinant alpha interferon ( IFN alpha ) . ^^^ After 48 h of treatment , IFN alpha induces , in both cell lines , growth inhibition and enhances class 1 major histocompatibility HLA complex expression , which is a common marker of IFN action . [ 125I ] EGF total binding assessed after 48 h of treatment with IFN alpha shows a dose dependent upregulation of EGF R binding capacity . ^^^ Saturation plots of the binding data show that IFN alpha treatment does not dramatically alter the affinity of the EGF R and indicate that IFN alpha only increases the number of low affinity receptors . ^^^ Electron microscopy analysis has confirmed an increase of EGF R proteins at cell surface without major changes in the morphology of the cells . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Orchiectomy resulted in 39 % and 41 % reductions in the levels of EGFR mRNA and EGF binding , respectively , within 2 weeks . ^^^ The hepatic levels of EGFR mRNA and EGF binding in females were 37 % and 36 % of those in males , respectively , and were not affected by ovariectomy , whereas treatment of females with TP ( 100 micrograms / mouse . day ) increased EGFR to normal male levels within 1 week . ^^^ The heptic levels of EGFR mRNA and EGF binding in orchiectomized mice were restored to normal male levels by intrasplenic implantation of TP ( 1 . 0 mg ) pellets . ^^^ This treatment also increased the hepatic levels of EGFR mRNA and EGF binding in female mice by 61 % and 68 % , respectively . ^^^ In addition , sialoadenectomy , which reduced plasma EGF , as well as EGF antiserum treatment did not affect the androgen dependent increase in EGFR levels in the liver , suggesting that endogenous EGF is not involved in the androgenic regulation of hepatic EGFR levels . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
The objective of this study is to examine and characterize epidermal growth factor receptor ( EGF R ) binding in inhaled plutonium induced canine lung tumor tissue and to compare it with that in normal canine lung tissue . ^^^ Scatchard plot analysis from the displacement assay revealed that there was no statistical difference in the binding affinity but significantly higher concentration of EGF R sites in the lung tumor tissue ( 619 fmol / mg ) than in normal lung tissue ( 53 fmol / mg ) . ^^^ The increase in EGF R number in plutonium induced dog lung tumors does not seem to correlate with increase in the initial lung burden exposure to plutonium . ^^^ Our results demonstrate that there is a significant increase in EGF R binding in inhaled plutonium induced dog lung tumors . . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Growth of MH 85 in culture was stimulated by epidermal growth factor ( EGF ) and inhibited by monoclonal antibody 108 to human EGFR , which recognizes the extracellular domain of the EGF receptor . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Little EGF receptor ( EGFR ) activity was detected in normal or benign tumour tissues except for meningioma ( positive in 95 % samples ) , but EGFR were present in 43 % of 131 breast tumours and 75 % of 55 primary cerebral tumours . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Epidermal growth factor ( EGF ) stimulates the growth of several types of epithelial tissues and possesses a strong mitogenic activity that is mediated through its cell surface receptor ( EGFR ) . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
The C terminus of the epidermal growth factor receptor ( EGF R ) contains three tyrosines ( Y 1068 , Y 1148 , and Y 1173 ) which correspond to the major autophosphorylation sites . ^^^ To investigate the role of the tyrosines in internalization and down regulation of the EGF R , mutational analysis was performed with receptors in which 1 , 2 , or all 3 tyrosines were changed to phenylalanines . ^^^ The triple point mutant EGF R , expressed in NIH 3T3 , exhibited low autophosphorylation in vivo , low biological and reduced kinase activities . ^^^ Single and double point mutants were down regulated , as well as wild type EGF R in response to EGF showing a half life of about 1 h . ^^^ EGF dependent down regulation of surface receptors was decreased in the triple point mutant EGF R as was internalization and degradation of EGF . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
The immunohistochemical localizations of human epidermal growth factor ( hEGF ) and EGF receptor ( EGFr ) in oral tissues , including normal mucosa , leukoplakia and squamous cell carcinoma were examined by the use of monoclonal antibodies to hEGF and EGFr . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
While murine and human EGF receptor ( EGF R ) bind mammalian EGF with high affinity their chicken counterpart has approximately 300 fold reduced binding affinity towards mammalian EGF . ^^^ We now cloned and sequenced the extracellular ligand binding domain of murine EGF R in order to define the amino acids which comprise the binding site for EGF . ^^^ Comparison of human , murine and chicken EGF R allows the identification of amino acid substitutions which are conservative and would not affect EGF binding , substitutions which are responsible for the low affinity binding of EGF to chicken EGF R and those responsible for the high affinity binding of EGF to mammalian EGF R . ^^^ This analysis will enable future design of point mutations in the EGF R which will restore the high affinity binding for EFG typical of human or murine EGF R . . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
The epidermal growth factor receptor ( EGFR ) level in 56 esophageal cancer tissues was measured by 125I EGF binding assay to elucidate its role in tumor progression . ^^^ Patients with both high EGFR level and EGF immunoreactivity had a much worse prognosis than if both were low . ^^^ Furthermore , the mitotic index was higher in groups with both high EGFR and EGF than if both were low ( 16 . 39 + / 5 . 35 versus 6 . 90 + / 3 . 31 ) . ^^^ These results suggest that EGF and EGFR in the autocrine system may play an important role in tumor progression in esophageal cancer and their expression could be of prognostic significance . . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Exposure of cultured rat fetal hepatocytes ( RFH ) to ethanol in concentrations above 1 mg / ml , causes a blockade of EGF dependent cell replication along with an overexpression of surface EGF receptors ( EGF R ) . ^^^ Caffeine ( 10 micrograms / ml ) alone had no effect on EGF R expression , while ethanol ( 2 mg / ml ) increased it by almost 200 % . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
The human epidermal growth factor receptor ( hEGF R ) was introduced into murine P 19 embryonal carcinoma ( EC ) cells , which do not express endogenous EGF R . ^^^ These cells express functional EGF R , exhibiting characteristic biphasic EGF binding and intrinsic tyrosine protein kinase activity . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
The presence and morphologic distribution of epidermal growth factor receptor ( EGF R ) were investigated in a variety of genetic disorders that affect human epidermis . ^^^ The distribution of EGF R was detected by immunohistochemical techniques . ^^^ Increased staining of immunoreactive EGF R was frequently , but not always , seen in lesions with experimental or clinical evidence of hyperproliferation , suggesting an increased potential to respond to endogenous levels of either transforming growth factor alpha or EGF . ^^^ The finding that EGF R levels are not always increased in congenital epidermal disorders indicated that the presence of this receptor pathway is not simply a marker for aberrant epidermis . . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
A retrospective study was performed on 109 human breast tumors stored in liquid nitrogen in order to assess the prognostic value of epidermal growth factor receptor ( EGF R ) ( median patient follow up 5 years ) . ^^^ A significant inverse relationship was observed between EGF R and both estrogen ( ER ) and progesterone receptors ( PR ) . ^^^ Univariate analysis showed a trend towards a shorter metastasis free survival both in the overall population and in node negative patients with EGF R positive tumors . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Overexpression of EGF , TGF alpha and EGF receptor ( EGFR ) by tumor cells is closely correlated with the tumor invasion and patient prognosis . ^^^ This is substantiated by the facts that EGF and TGF alpha act as autocrine growth factors and then induce the expression of mRNAs for multi growth factors and their receptors ( EGF , TGF alpha , EGFR , ERBB 2 , PDGF ) . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Cultured NIH 3T3 cells were transfected with cDNA constructs encoding human epidermal growth factor receptor ( EGF R ) * and two deletion mutants in the extracellular portion of the receptor molecule . ^^^ Both mutant EGF Rs bind EGF with a 10 fold lower affinity than that of the solubilized wild type EGF R . ^^^ These results provide further evidence that the region flanked by the two cysteine rich domains plays a crucial role in defining ligand binding specificity of EGF R . . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
The expressions of mRNA for epidermal growth factor ( EGF ) , transforming growth factor alpha ( TGF alpha ) and EGF receptor ( EGFR ) genes were examined in 7 human gastric carcinoma cell lines and 15 gastric carcinoma tissues and the corresponding normal mucosas . ^^^ Production of EGF , TGF alpha and EGFR protein by gastric carcinoma cell lines was also confirmed by EGF and TGF alpha specific monoclonal antibody binding . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
The possible relationship between the effects of alpha 2 , beta and gamma interferons ( IFNs ) on the growth of alveolar 2 pulmonary tumor cells ( A 549 ) maintained in tridimensional organotypic culture ( nodules ) and the modulation of epidermal growth factor receptor ( EGF R ) expression was investigated . ^^^ Scatchard analysis of the EGF binding data indicated that a 48 hour exposure period resulted in an increase in the apparent number of cell surface EGF R but did not significantly alter receptor affinity . ^^^ Results from Northern blot analysis showed that the enhanced expression of EGF R on the A 549 nodule cells treated with IFN beta correlates with an increase in mRNA for EGF R . ^^^ No modification of the EGF R mRNA expression was observed in nodules treated with IFN alpha 2 or IFN gamma . ^^^ In this model , our results suggest a relationship between resistance to antiproliferative effect of IFN beta and modulation of EGF R . . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
The steady state level of EGF r mRNA increased significantly ( p less than 0 . 001 ) in the cultured fibroblasts derived from the non responder but decreased ( p less than 0 . 05 ) in the responder patient following PHT therapy . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
There was no relation between presence or absence of EGF binding sites and distribution of IC 50 , but for cells with measurable EGFR there was a weak but significant correlation between the number of EGF binding sites per cell and the corresponding IC 50 ( r = 0 . 53 , P = 0 . 021 ) . . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
The gene amplification and expression of transforming growth factor alpha ( TGF alpha ) and the epidermal growth factor receptor ( EGF R ) in human gliomas was determined by Southern blot analysis and a receptor binding study . ^^^ Amplification of the EGF R gene was demonstrated in 3 of 11 tumors examined . ^^^ These results suggest a differential expression of EGF R and TGF alpha genes among untreated and recurrent malignant gliomas . . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Finally , in 71 SS R positive primary tumors , 18 tumor samples were found to have simultaneously Epidermal Growth Factor receptors ( EGF R ) ; in 12 of these 18 cases , the 2 receptor types were not topographically overlapping . ^^^ Whereas SS R were located on tumor tissue , EGF R were often seen on adjacent normal lobules and ducts . ^^^ Their location does not coincide with that of EGF R . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
We examined the effects of epidermal growth factor ( EGF ) and transforming growth factor alpha ( TGF alpha ) on EGF receptor ( EGFR ) phosphorylation and the expression of mRNAs for oncogenes , growth factors , their receptors and metalloproteinase genes by MKN 28 gastric carcinoma cells which express EGF , TGF alpha and EGFR genes . ^^^ Both EGF and TGF alpha stimulated EGFR phosphorylation , EGF and TGF alpha induced FOS , MYC and ERBB 2 oncogene expression . ^^^ Interestingly , EGF increased the expression of mRNAs for TGF alpha and EGFR . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Regulation of cell membrane associated uPA activity by EGF and its influence on uPA R expression in A 431 cells , which possess an unusually large number of EGF R ( greater than 10 ( 6 ) ) , and in an EGF R expression variant ( A431 / A5 ) , which contains 20 fold fewer cell surface EGF R , were assessed . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
With threshold values of 5 fmol / mg and 10 fmol / mg for EGF R and steroid receptors respectively , we noted an inverse relationship between the expression of EGF R , and ER and PR . ^^^ EGF R expression is decreased with tumor differentiation . . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
The epidermal growth factor ( EGF ) receptor ( EGFR ) can efficiently couple with mitogenic signaling pathways when it is transfected into interleukin 3 ( IL 3 ) dependent 32D hematopoietic cells . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
In 22 esophageal carcinomas and 10 normal esophageal mucosae , EGF receptor ( EGFR ) contents were measured by the competitive binding assay . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
The membrane inserted receptor kinase binds EGF or TGF alpha at high and low affinities , but how these are related to the pleiotropic activities of the EGF R is unknown . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Although there have been some studies of the localization of EGF and the EGF R in the embryo , which are discussed in Chapter 1 of this volume , there is a need for more detailed studies of the relative distribution of cells that synthesize the receptor and its ligand at various stages of organogenesis . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Staining with three monoclonal antibodies recognizing two different epitopes of EGF receptor ( EGF R ) was positive in tissues of 2 normal subjects and 15 patients with glomerular diseases . ^^^ EGF R was found along the glomerular capillary walls , in peritubular capillaries , and within the epithelial cells of distal tubules and collecting ducts . ^^^ Immunoelectron microscopy with colloidal gold staining showed that EGF and EGF R were localized in the plasma membrane of glomerular endothelial cells . ^^^ Immunofluorescence with or without acid urea denaturation showed coexpression of EGF and EGF R in glomeruli of 1 normal subject and 12 patients . ^^^ This study demonstrated the presence of EGF and EGF R in human glomeruli . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Transforming growth factor alpha ( TGF alpha ) and epidermal growth factor ( EGF ) were considered growth factors with epidermal growth factor receptor ( EGFR ) as the receptor . ^^^ Of these tumors , 87 ( 66 % ) showed a high expression of TGF alpha , 66 ( 50 % ) showed a high expression of EGF , and 55 ( 42 % ) were positive for EGFR reactivity . ^^^ In contrast , in the EGFR negative cases , there was no statistical difference between the 5 year survival rates of patients with either high TGF alpha or EGF and low TGF alpha or EGF . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
We investigated immunohistochemical expressions of the epidermal growth factor ( EGF ) and the epidermal growth factor receptor ( EGFR ) in 25 cases of pancreatic carcinoma , including 13 cases of metastatic lymph nodes . ^^^ EGF and EGFR were stained mainly in the cytoplasm and on the surface of some pancreatic carcinoma cells , with positive rates of 18 / 25 ( 72 % ) and 9 / 25 ( 36 % ) respectively . ^^^ In all cases EGFR was noted only when EGF was also detected . ^^^ EGF and EGFR were stained frequently in differentiated types . ^^^ In metastatic lymph nodes , EGF and EGFR were found in 54 % and 15 % respectively , and they were detected only when they were also noted in the same patient ' s primary lesions . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
An antibody to EGFR abolished the tyrosine phosphorylation induced by EGF and transforming growth factor alpha ( TGF alpha ) but only partially blocked that produced by gp 30 in SK BR 3 breast cancer cells . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
A sharp decrease in the number of epidermal growth factor receptors ( EGF R ) in the rat liver plasma membranes had been found at different stages of diethylnitrosamine induced carcinogenesis . ^^^ The complete loss of high affinity binding sites for EGF did not prevent EGF dependent autophosphorylation of EGF R . ^^^ Hepatocytes from the rat liver tumors in the primary culture had two classes of EGF R : high and low affinity ones , though their number had been twice less than in the normal hepatocytes . ^^^ The dynamics of internalization and down regulation of EGF R was very similar in the primary culture of transformed and normal hepatocytes . ^^^ It testifies that there are some factors of microenvironment in the liver during carcinogenesis which cause the loss of EGF R ( down regulation ) and a decrease of their affinity ( activation of protein kinase C ) . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
It expresses an average of 2 . 4 10 10 ( 5 ) EGF receptor ( EGFR ) sites per cell when cultures are assayed using a radioreceptor assay . ^^^ When EGF receptor sites were localized immunocytochemically in PMC 42 , they were found to be variably expressed on the membrane of cells grown in the absence of EGF , with discrete areas of strong and weak cells of different morphological appearances ; flow cytometry indicated a 10 fold range in EGFR levels between individual cells . ^^^ Cultures maintained in the presence of EGF were less heterogeneous in their morphology and had a predominantly cytoplasmic , relatively uniform localization of EGFR with down regulation of membrane EGFR levels . ^^^ EGF stimulated cultures were stained simultaneously for the presence of EGFR and the proliferation related antigen Ki 67 and analyzed by both flow cytometry and immunocytochemistry . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Epidermal growth factor receptors ( EGF R ) have been measured in human tumors of the Central Nervous System ( CNS ) by 125I EGF ligand binding . ^^^ The phosphotyrosine kinase activity associated with the EGF R was evaluated by measuring the incorporation of gamma 32P ATP , after immunoprecipitation of the receptor with the monoclonal antibody EGFRI . ^^^ A good relationship was observed between the EGF binding capacity and the autophosphorylation of the receptor , indicating that in most cases functional molecules of EGF R were expressed on the tumor membranes . ^^^ In the group of meningiomas , no relationship could be established between the EGF R level and the histopathology of the tumors . ^^^ In this group , our observations indicate a positive relationship between the EGF R level and phosphokinase activity and the degree of malignancy . . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Epidermal growth factor receptor ( EGF R ) of fibroblasts from 3 patients with scleroderma ( progressive systemic sclerosis , PSS ) was studied by radioiodinated EGF binding assay . ^^^ The binding was 60 . 9 + / 4 . 0 % of normal fibroblasts , and the Scatchard plots showed a decrease in the affinity for EGF , not in the number of EGF R . ^^^ PSS fibroblasts expressed higher levels ( 1 . 15 2 . 45 fold ) of RNA for the 5 erbB ( EGF R gene ) . ^^^ All transretinoic acid ( retinoid ) had little effect on EGF R , 5 erbB gene expression and the proliferation of PSS fibroblasts . ^^^ These data concerning the abnormality in the EGF R may all constitute a feature of PSS fibroblasts . . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
The expression of epidermal growth factor receptor ( EGF R ) , transforming growth factor alpha ( TGF alpha ) and the c myc oncogene was investigated in different specimens of gynecologic carcinomas . ^^^ There is a positive correlation between the EGF R binding assay , immunohistochemistry and the relative amounts of mRNA by Northern blotting . ^^^ Whereas , a positive correlation between the c myc and TGF alpha expression was noticed , no correlation existed between EGF R and c myc expression . ^^^ Progressive disease ( PD ) of ovarian carcinomas after chemotherapy was mainly noticed in the group of EGF R tumors and those with high amounts of c myc mRNA . ^^^ However , similar survival times existed between the EGF R+ and EGF R group and the survival times of patients having responded to the treatment was reduced in the EGF R+ group . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Initial studies performed to determine the usefulness of this antibody as a probe of the murine EGFR in testis employed two murine cell lines , TM 4 and MA 10 , of Sertoli cell and Leydig cell origin , respectively , in which a physiological response of EGF and specific binding of iodinated EGF has been demonstrated . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
EGF and TGF alpha , the ligands of hyperproduced EGFR in human esophageal carcinoma cells , act as autocrine growth factors . ^^^ In order to ascertain autocrine growth factors in esophageal carcinomas , we analysed expression of mRNAs and proteins for epidermal growth factor ( EGF ) , transforming growth factor alpha ( TGF alpha ) and epidermal growth factor receptor ( EGFR ) in 6 esophageal carcinoma cell lines . ^^^ Furthermore , anti EGF ( KEM 10 ) and anti TGF alpha ( WA 3 ) monoclonal antibodies ( MAbs ) inhibited spontaneous uptake of tritiated thymidine ( 3H TdR ) by TE 1 cells which expressed EGF , TGF alpha and EGFR mRNA and protein . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
To gain insight into the nature of these hormonally regulated growth factors , we tested the ability of two monoclonal antibodies ( MAb 425 and 528 ) directed against the epidermal growth factor receptor ( EGF R ) to inhibit the colony stimulating effects of conditioned media ( CM ) obtained from E 2 , oPrl , and Pg treated NMU rat mammary tumors . ^^^ Since both MAbs are specific for human EGF R , MCF 7 breast cancer cells grown in soft agar in the absence of serum were used as our indicator system . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
We compared the internalization and intracellular sorting of epidermal growth factor receptor ( EGF R ) and point mutant kinase negative EGF R separately expressed in NIH 3T3 cells lacking endogenous receptor . ^^^ Hence unlike wild type receptor , kinase negative EGF R recycles . ^^^ Wild type EGF R , destined for degradation , localized to internal vesicles , while kinase negative EGF R , destined for recycling , localized to surface membranes of the MVBs and moved to small tubulovesicles . ^^^ We conclude that sorting of internalized receptor for degradation or recycling can occur through spatial segregation within the MVB , and sorting of EGF R is controlled by tyrosine kinase activity . . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Immunocytochemical analysis of EGF receptor ( EGFr ) was carried out on frozen sections in 134 primary breast cancer patients . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Epidermal growth factor receptor was measured by biochemical competitive binding assay using iodine 125 epidermal growth factor ( 125I ) EGF . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Immunohistochemical study for epidermal growth factor ( EGF ) and epidermal growth factor receptor ( EGFR ) was performed on 222 specimens of gastric carcinoma . ^^^ The authors placed each carcinoma into one of the following three groups : group 1 , neither EGF nor EGFR was stained ( 123 cases ) ; group 2 , either EGF or EGFR was stained ( 64 cases ) ; and group 3 , both EGF and EGFR were stained ( 35 cases ) . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
NA
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
NA
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
NA
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
NA
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
NA
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
A previous study from this laboratory ( Koga et al . , Cancer Res . , 48 : 2734 2739 , 1988 ) demonstrated that the growth inhibitory effect of 1 , 25 dihydroxyvitamin D 3 in human breast cancer cells in vitro was associated with a decline in the concentration of epidermal growth factor receptor ( EGF R ) . ^^^ In the present study experiments were undertaken with the phorbol ester , 12 O tetradecanoyl phorbol 13 acetate ( TPA ) , an agent known to decrease EGF R binding , in order to further define the relationship between changes in EGF R binding and changes in growth rates in 10 human breast cancer cell lines . ^^^ In ER+ cell lines , 2 h treatment with 10 nM TPA resulted in a marked reduction in the number of high affinity EGF R sites and a significant decrease in binding affinity . ^^^ Among this group of cell lines there was a significant positive correlation between the ability of TPA to decrease cell growth and the TPA induced decrease in the number of EGF R sites / cell ( r = 0 . 82 , P less than 0 . 03 ) . ^^^ In ER cell lines , TPA induced growth inhibition and the minor changes in EGF R concentration were unrelated . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Epidermal growth factor ( EGF ) has an in vitro inhibitory effect on tumor cells which exhibit a high number of EGF receptors ( EGFR ) . ^^^ Studies were performed in order to delineate the effects of EGF on glucose metabolism of MDA 468 human breast cancer cells , which have a large number of EGFR . ^^^ Glucose consumption and lactate production were found to be substantially increased in MDA 468 cells following EGF exposure , while no such effects were detected in MCF 7 breast cancer cells , which have a very low number of EGFR . ^^^ The profound effects of EGF on glucose metabolism in cells with very high numbers of EGFR and the lack of toxicity in the perfused system may indicate that the growth inhibitory effect is confined to the in vitro cultured cells . . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
The potential significance of cell cell interactions on EGF receptor ( EGFR ) activity was investigated in cultured adherent A 431 cells seeded as single cell suspensions with different initial cell densities . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
We studied the binding of EGF receptors ( EGF R ) in 19 basal cell carcinomas , 8 squamous cell carcinomas , and 9 malignant melanomas . ^^^ Specific binding of EGF R was detected in 10 of the basal cell carcinomas , and in all the 8 squamous cell carcinomas . ^^^ None of the malignant melanomas showed EGF R binding . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
EGF like factors ( EGF F ) in tissue extracts make use of the EGF receptor system ( EGF R ) in order to transmit biological signals . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
At high cell density , where paracrine as well as autocrine effects of these growth factors would be evident , TGF alpha transfectants displayed at least as high or higher levels of EGF receptor ( EGFR ) tyrosine phosphorylation than preproEGF transfectants . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
In the fusing palate of day 14 fetuses , the cells forming the midline epithelial seam were continuously positive for EGF R immunoreactivity . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Assays for receptor expression showed that acute infection resulted in rapid , constitutive down regulation of the EGF R via a pathway that appears to be endosome mediated . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Differences in human skin between the epidermal growth factor receptor distribution detected by EGF binding and monoclonal antibody recognition . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
The epidermal growth factor receptor ( EGF R ) on human epidermoid carcinoma cells , A 431 , was found to be predominantly associated with the detergent insoluble cytoskeleton , where it retained both a functional ligand binding domain and an intrinsic tyrosine kinase activity . ^^^ The EGF R was constitutively associated with the A 431 cytoskeleton ; this association was not a consequence of adventitious binding . ^^^ The EGF R was associated with cytoskeletal elements both at the cell surface , within intracellular vesicles mediating the internalization of the hormone receptor complex , and within lysosomes . ^^^ The EGF R became more stably associated with cytoskeletal elements after its internalization . ^^^ The cytoskeletal association of the EGF R was partially disrupted on suspension of adherent cells , indicating that alteration of cellular morphology influences the structural association of the EGF R , and that the EGF R is not intrinsically insoluble . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
An antibody against the human epidermal growth factor receptor ( EGF ) , capable of activating its tyrosine kinase has been produced . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
To investigate the mechanism of EGF mediated inhibition of cell growth , variants displaying alternate responses to EGF were isolated from two squamous cell carcinoma lines , NA and Ca 9 22 ; these cell lines possess high numbers of the EGF receptor and an amplified EGF receptor ( EGFR ) gene . ^^^ CER 1 cells had higher numbers of EGF receptor than parental Ca 9 22 but similar EGFR gene copy number . ^^^ These data suggest two independent mechanisms by which EGF receptor hyperproducing cells escape EGF mediated growth inhibition : one mechanism is common and involves the loss of the amplified EGFR genes , and another is novel and involves the efficient down regulation of the cell surface receptor . . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
The presence of specific and high affinity epidermal growth factor receptors ( EGF R ) has been demonstrated in human prostate cancer ( CaP ) . ^^^ Comparison of the concentrations of EGF R in tissues from 19 patients with CaP with those measured in a group of 18 patients with benign prostatic hyperplasia ( BPH ) reveal that the expression of EGF R was significantly higher in BPH ( mean + / s . d . = 125 + / 7 fmol mg protein 1 ) than in CaP ( 52 + / 11 fmol mg protein 1 ; P less than 0 . 01 ) . ^^^ Furthermore , in CaP the expression of EGF R varied according to the histological grade of the cancer : well differentiated tumours demonstrated more receptors ( 84 + / 13 fmol mg protein 1 ) than poorly differentiated tumours ( 22 + / 5 fmol mg protein 1 ; P less than 0 . 01 ) . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
NA
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
NA
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Recent evidence suggests that TNF action on tumor cells may be antagonized by epidermal growth factor ( EGF ) and other EGF receptor modulatory peptides implicating a role for EGF R in the process of TNF induced cytotoxicity . ^^^ In TNF sensitive ME 180 cervical carcinoma cells , TNF ( 20 ng / ml ) stimulated the tyrosine protein kinase activity of the EGF receptor ( EGF R ) fivefold when measured by receptor autophosphorylation in an immune complex kinase assay . ^^^ TNF activation of EGF R kinase activity in ME 180 was measurable 10 min after TNF incubation and enzymatic activity remained elevated 20 min after TNF addition . ^^^ Activation of the receptor by TNF correlated with increased 32P incorporation into EGF R protein when receptor was immunoprecipitated from 32P equilibrated cells following a 20 min incubation with TNF . ^^^ Acid hydrolysis of EGF R protein isolated from TNF treated ME 180 cells demonstrates an increase in the phosphotyrosine content of EGF R when compared to receptor isolated from untreated cells . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
The receptor for epidermal growth factor ( EGF R ) was characterized on membrane fractions from human benign prostatic hyperplasia ( BPH ) . ^^^ Saturation analysis of EGF R , performed by incubating the membranes with 0 . 0156 15 nM [ 125I ] EGF in the presence and in the absence of 100 fold excess of cold EGF for 60 min , revealed the presence of two classes of binding sites with high and low affinities ( Kd = 0 . 35 + / 0 . 23 and 9 . 60 + / 2 . 87 nM respectively ) . ^^^ The simultaneous determination of EGF R and that of estradiol ( ER ) , progesterone ( PR ) and androgen receptors ( AR ) was performed using the same buffer to homogenate the tissues and to obtain cellular membranes . ^^^ There was a significant negative correlation between nuclear SR and binding capacity of EGF R . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
The sequence of the 10 chromosomal 4 . 9 kb fragment shows minor but significant differences to that of the invariably present autosomal xiphophorine erbB ( 10 erbB ) fragment of 5 . 5 kb , indicating that at least two different 10 erbB genes coding for different EGF receptors can exist in the fish . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Expression of epidermal growth factor receptor ( EGF R ) in non small cell lung cancer . ^^^ A total of 152 non small cell lung cancers ( NSCLC ) were studied retrospectively to determine the relationship between epidermal growth factor receptor ( EGF R ) status and the histological type , tumour size , nodal status and prognosis . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
NA
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
NA
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
NA
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
NA
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
NA
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
NA
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
NA
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
NA
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
NA
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
NA
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
NA
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
NA
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
NA
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
NA
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Many cell types display two classes of epidermal growth factor receptor ( EGFR ) as judged from EGF binding studies ; i . e . , a major class of low affinity EGFR and a minor class of high affinity EGFR . ^^^ We have studied their respective contribution to the cascade of events elicited by EGF in human A 431 carcinoma cells , using anti EGFR mAb 2E9 . ^^^ This antibody specifically blocks EGF binding to low affinity EGFR , without activating receptors in intact cells , and thus enables us to study the effects of exclusive EGF binding to high affinity EGFR . ^^^ We show that blocking of low affinity EGFR by mAb 2E9 has almost no effect on the activation of the receptor protein tyrosine kinase by EGF , suggesting that EGFR kinase activation occurs exclusively through the subclass of high affinity EGFR ( 5 10 % ) . ^^^ We conclude , therefore , that the activation of the EGFR signal transduction cascade can occur completely through exclusive binding of EGF to the subclass of high affinity EGFR . . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
EGFR expression and EGF stimulation of proliferation in human liver carcinoma cells ] . ^^^ Epidermal growth factor receptor ( EGFR ) gene expression and growth stimulation of EGF on human hepatoma cells of cell lines BEL 7404 and SMMC 7721 were studied . 125I EGF binding assay was used to measure the binding characteristics and the amounts of EGFR on these cells . ^^^ The results suggest that EGFR is actively expressed in human hepatoma 7404 and 7721 cells and EGF may be one of the mitogens needed for the growth of hepatoma cells . . ^^^ Epidermal growth factor receptor ( EGFR ) gene expression and growth stimulation of EGF on human hepatoma cells of cell lines BEL 7404 and SMMC 7721 were studied . 125I EGF binding assay was used to measure the binding characteristics and the amounts of EGFR on these cells . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Overexpression of erbB 2 or EGF receptor proteins present in early stage mammary carcinoma is detected simultaneously in matched primary tumors and regional metastases . ^^^ Membrane protein levels of erbB 2 and epidermal growth factor ( EGF ) receptor as well as gene aberrations affecting these proto oncogenes in human mammary cancer were determined in primary and metastatic lesions . ^^^ In 7 patients , expression level and gene copy numbers of erbB 2 or EGF receptor were similarly altered in the primary tumor and metastatic lesions derived from the same patient . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
The neu oncogene , characterized by Weinberg and colleagues , is a transforming gene found in ethylnitrosourea induced rat neuro / glioblastomas ; its human proto oncogene homologue has been termed erbB 2 or HER 2 because of its close homology with the epidermal growth factor receptor ( EGF R ) gene ( c erbB 1 ) . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
NA
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
NA
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
NA
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
NA
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
NA
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
NA
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
NA
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
NA
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
NA
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Northern blot analysis showed normal 10 and 5 . 6 kb of EGFR gene related mRNA species . 125I EGF binding revealed 2 distinct EGF binding sites on KU 1 cells : high affinity sites 5 . 7 10 10 ( 5 ) receptors per cell with 1 . 1 nM Kd and low affinity sites 2 . 3 10 10 ( 6 ) receptors per cell with 7 . 4 nM Kd . ^^^ Unlike other cell lines with amplified and over expressed EGFR gene , anchorage dependent growth of KU 1 was stimulated but not inhibited by EGF . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
In cultured Sertoli cells of immature rats , grown in the absence of epidermal growth factor ( EGF ) , the EGFR was randomly distributed at the cell surface , whereas after the addition of EGF the receptor became aggregated into distinct focal regions . ^^^ In addition , EGFR of cultured Sertoli cells exhibited autophosphorylation activity upon stimulation with EGF , but failed to transcytose iodinated EGF across a permeability barrier formed by the cultured cells . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
To define possible mechanisms for this growth arrest , we determined the effects of ethanol on EGF binding and EGF receptor ( EGF R ) levels . ^^^ Total RNA , beta actin mRNA , and EGF R mRNA were increased 50 70 % in ethanol exposed cells . ^^^ However , direct measurements of EGF R synthesis rates by [ 35S ] methionine incorporation revealed no differences between control and ethanol exposed cells . ^^^ Internalization of EGF R was significantly altered by ethanol exposure . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
The EGF receptor ( EGF R ) was not detected in any of the melanomas studied , nor in breast adenocarcinoma cell lines which were producers of EGF or TGF alpha . . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
The expression of the epidermal growth factor receptor ( EGF R ) and the c myc oncogene was investigated in different specimens of ovarian and cervical carcinomas . ^^^ The biochemical determination of EGF R demonstrated that EGF specific binding sites were detected in 36 % of ovarian ( n = 140 ) and 81 % of cervical carcinomas ( n = 42 ) . ^^^ High amounts of EGF R ( greater than 10 fmol / mg specific binding ) were found in 8 % of the ovarian and 41 % of the cervical carcinomas . ^^^ Increased expression of EGF R specific mRNA was detectable in 7 / 21 ovarian and in 5 / 7 cervical carcinomas . ^^^ A positive correlation between the amounts of EGF R mRNA , the EGF R binding data and the staining index of EGF R immunohistochemistry was found . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
NA
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
NA
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
NA
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Receptor downregulation and DNA synthesis are modulated by EGF and TPA in cells expressing an EGFR / neu chimera . ^^^ EGF was used to stimulate a chimeric receptor consisting of the epidermal growth factor receptor ( EGFR ) extracellular , transmembrane , and protein kinase C substrate domains linked to the intracellular tyrosine kinase and carboxyl terminal domains of the rat neu protein in NIH / 3T3 cells . ^^^ EGF bound to the cells was rapidly internalized in a complex with the EGFR / neu protein , as shown by loss of EGF binding and EGFR antigens from the cell surface . ^^^ These results show that the chimeric EGFR / neu receptor undergoes typical downregulation upon ligand binding and TPA pretreatment and is capable of transducing an EGF induced mitogenic signal . . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
EGF receptor ( EGFR ) has been localized to villous syncytiotrophoblast , but expression by other human trophoblast populations has not been reported . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
In particular , the EGF receptor ( EGFR ) molecule has been found overexpressed in a number of human tumors , and TGF alpha is produced by a large array of tumor cells . ^^^ Moreover , high levels of EGF independent tyrosine phosphorylation of the EGFR were detected both in NIH EGFR expressing TGF alpha and in high EGFR and TGF alpha coexpressing human tumor cell lines . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Rat hepatocytes express large numbers of high and low affinity surface membrane receptors ( EGFR ) for epidermal growth factor ( EGF ) but the roles of EGF and EGFRs in hepatocyte proliferation in vivo are unclear . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
We have characterized the expression of transforming growth factor alpha ( TGF alpha ) and its receptor , the epidermal growth factor receptor ( EGF R ) , in normal and malignantly transformed human mammary epithelial cells . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Dexamethasone acts as a negative regulator of epidermal growth factor receptor synthesis in fetal rat lung cells . 125I Epidermal growth factor ( EGF ) binding capacity in fetal rat lung cells is decreased by approximately 50 % following 24 h dexamethasone treatment . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
The effects of 1 , 25 dihydroxyvitamin D 3 ( 1 , 25 ( OH ) 2D3 ) on epidermal growth factor receptor ( EGF R ) level regulation was investigated on a human breast cancer cell line ( BT 20 ) . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
NA
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
NA
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
NA
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
NA
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Recent studies have implicated the involvement of pituitary factor ( s ) in the regulation of hepatic epidermal growth factor receptor ( EGF R ) levels . ^^^ In the present study the possible role of GH as a regulator of EGF R has been examined by measuring hepatic EGF R mRNA and EGF binding in intact and GH deficient rats and mice before and after administration of GH . ^^^ Using a human EGF R probe , 10 . 5 and 6 . 0 kb transcripts were detected in mouse and rat liver by Northern gel analysis . ^^^ EGF R mRNA was quantified by solution hybridization , and EGF binding determined by incubation of 125I labelled EGF with a low density membrane fraction . ^^^ Levels of hepatic EGF R mRNA and binding of EGF in female rats were about two thirds of those in male rats . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Epidermal growth factor receptors ( EGFr ) have been measured on primary human bladder tumor membranes by 125I EGF ligand binding . ^^^ Tumors classified as invasive on the basis of muscle invasion had higher EGFr levels [ EGF binding , 99 + / 252 ( SD ) fmol / mg protein ; median , 21 ; n = 24 ] than superficial tumors ( 12 + / 12 fmol / mg protein ; median , 11 ; n = 23 ) or normal bladder mucosa ( 9 + / 12 fmol / mg protein ; median , 6 ; n = 6 ) ( P = 0 . 05 ) . ^^^ EGFr may be a target for selective therapy with EGF linked drugs in a subset of invasive bladder cancers . . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Receptors for epidermal growth factor ( EGF ) , which also bind the autocrine growth factor , alpha transforming growth factor , are present on a number of breast cancer cell lines and it has previously been shown that T 47D and MCF 7 cells respond to progestins with an increase in the concentration of EGF receptors ( EGF R ) . ^^^ Detailed binding studies revealed that the increase in EGF binding was accompanied by an increase in the concentration of EGF R . ^^^ Further studies demonstrated that the increases in EGF binding following ORG 2058 and dexamethasone treatment were accompanied by increases in EGF R mRNA levels . ^^^ Our data illustrate that the binding of EGF by some human breast cancer cells can be regulated by both progestins and glucocorticoids acting via their respective receptors and inducing increases in EGF R mRNA levels . . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
The biological effects of 1 . 25 ( OH ) 2D3 on epidermal growth receptor ( EGF R ) and on EGF internalization were examined in human mammary carcinoma BT 20 cells . ^^^ These data suggest that 1 . 25 ( OH ) 2D3 is a regulator of EGF R level in BT 20 cell line , but it can not affirmed whether this effect is direct or mediated by other parameters . . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
EGFr binds the mitogenic polypeptide hormone epidermal growth factor ( EGF ) as well as EGF related transforming growth factor alpha ( TGF alpha ) . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
NA
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
NA
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
NA
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
NA
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
NA
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
NA
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
The epidermal growth factor ( EGF ) receptor is the proto oncogene of erbB ; both possess intrinsic protein tyrosine kinase activity , a property shared by several retroviral onc genes . ^^^ The EGF receptor is a transmembrane glycoprotein with an external EGF binding domain and a cytoplasmic region that is homologous with other tyrosine kinases . erbB lacks the EGF binding and carboxyl terminal regions , which are thought to be important in regulation . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Simultaneous detection of epidermal growth factor receptor ( EGF R ) , epidermal growth factor ( EGF ) and ras p 21 in cholangiocarcinoma by an immunocytochemical method . ^^^ Expression of the epidermal growth factor ( EGF ) , EGF receptor ( EGF R ) and ras oncogene product p 21 was simultaneously examined in 37 cases with intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma ( CC ) by means of an immunocytochemical method . ^^^ While normal livers were all negative for any of the antigens at the concentration of the antibodies used , EGF R was positive in 12 ( 32 . 4 % ) CCs , EGF in 22 ( 59 . 5 % ) , and ras p 21 in 33 ( 89 . 2 % ) . ^^^ However , the number of EGF R and ras p 21 positive tumor cells decreased with progressing histologic tumor grade , but the expression of EGF was not associated with the tumor grade . ^^^ Simultaneous expression of the three antigens was seen only in 4 CCs , and that of EGF R and EGF in 4 , EGF R and ras p 21 in 12 , and EGF and ras p 21 in 20 . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
However , when the same cells overexpress the cloned human EGF receptor ( EGFR T 17 cells ) , they display EGF dependent transformation . ^^^ In EGFR T 17 cells ( but not in the parental NIH 3T3 cells ) , EGF is shown here to trigger polyphosphoinositide hydrolysis as well as the generation of the ensuing intracellular signals , the increase in the cytosolic Ca2+ concentration ( [ Ca2+ ] 1 ) and pH . ^^^ In contrast with previous observations in human A 431 cells , the concentration dependence of the EGF triggered [ Ca2+ ] 1 increase in EGFR T 17 cells paralleled that of [ 3H ] thymidine incorporation . ^^^ Large stimulation of DNA synthesis and proliferation by EGF in EGFR T 17 cells could be due to a synergistic interplay between the two signal pathways initiated by tyrosine phosphorylation and polyphosphoinositide hydrolysis . . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
The epidermal growth factor ( EGF ) receptor is the functional target of the mitogen EGF and the cellular homolog of the avian erythroblastosis virus erbB oncogene product . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Southern blot analysis revealed that the structural region of the EGFR gene is methylated to various degrees regardless of the expression of EGF receptor on the surface . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
NA
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
NA
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
NA
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
NA
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
NA
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
NA
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
NA
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
NA
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
NA
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Using a polyclonal antibody directed against the cytoplasmic domain of the EGF receptor ( EGF R ) , we examined the fate of the receptor after PMA treatment . ^^^ Immunofluorescent and electron microscopic localization of the EGF R after PMA treatment demonstrated that about 50 % of the receptor became internalized into endocytic vesicles ( receptosomes ) and Golgi associated structures . ^^^ Unlike EGF induced internalization , PMA induced internalization did not cause delivery of EGF R to lysosomes or receptor degradation . ^^^ No stimulation of EGF R synthesis was observed after 1 hr of PMA treatment . ^^^ Loss of cell surface binding correlated with the internalization of the EGF R observed morphologically . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Using Staphylococcus aureus anticlathrin antibody and [ 35S ] methionine labeled KB cells , the kinetics of association of the epidermal growth factor ( EGF R ) and transferrin receptors ( TF R ) with coated membranes were directly examined . ^^^ The accumulation of EGF R in coated pits at the cell surface was dependent upon EGF binding . ^^^ EGF R then passed sequentially through a compartment which did not react with anticlathrin antibody and a second clathrin coated compartment . ^^^ The EGF R was degraded in lysosomes with a half life of approximately 41 55 min . ^^^ The tumor promoter , 4 beta phorbol 12 myristate 13 acetate , appears to mimic the action of EGF in inducing EGF R accumulation in coated pits at the cell surface and receptor internalization . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
There are two genes related to the viral erbB gene in the human genome . c erbB 1 is the same as the gene for the epithelial growth factor ( EGF ) receptor , and c erbB 2 encodes a receptor like protein very similar to , but distinct from , the EGF receptor . ^^^ Hybridisation analysis of DNA from 101 fresh human malignant tumours showed that the c erbB 2 gene was amplified in 5 of 63 adenocarcinomas and none of 38 other types of tumours , whereas the c erbB 1 / EGF receptor gene was amplified only in 1 of 8 squamous cell carcinomas . ^^^ Thus , the protein products of the amplified c erbB 2 gene may have a role in the evolution of adenocarcinomas , as does the EGF receptor in some squamous cell carcinomas . . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
The erbB gene and the EGF receptor . ^^^ The 5 erbB transforming gene of avian erythroblastosis virus is derived , by retroviral transduction , from the gene ( c erbB ) which encodes the avian EGF receptor . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
The EGF induced effect requires interaction of the EGFR and its cognate ligand because cell lines that lack EGFR can not be shown to phosphorylate p 185 , even when exposed to large amounts of EGF . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
NA
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
NA
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
NA
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
NA
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
NA
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
NA
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
NA
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
The epidermal growth factor receptor ( EGF R ) and the erbB 2 proto oncogene product protein are closely related by their structural homology and their shared enzymatic activity as autophosphorylating tyrosine kinases . ^^^ Phosphorylation of erbB 2 does not occur in cells lacking the EGF R ( MDA MB 453 ) . ^^^ This result suggests that the erbB 2 protein is a substrate of the EGF R and indicates the possibility of communication between these two proteins early in the signal transduction process . . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Interaction of epidermal growth factor ( EGF ) with its specific receptor ( EGFR ) was explored in the intact rat small intestine and in highly purified isolated enterocyte membrane preparations . ^^^ Instead , binding of EGF to the EGFR was confined to other membrane populations , and correlation of ligand interaction with the laterobasal membranes ( LBM ) was nearly perfect ( p less than 0 . 001 ) across a special equilibrium gradient enriched in brush border and LBM but devoid of intracellular membranes . ^^^ Thus , despite the secretion of EGF into the intestinal lumen , the growth and maturational effects of EGF probably result from a specific interaction between EGF and EGFR solely at the laterobasal surface of the enterocyte . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
A kinase negative mutant EGFR ( K721A ) , in which Lys 721 in the ATp binding site was replaced by an alanine residue , was shown to be phosphorylated in an EGF dependent manner by an enzymatically active EGFR deletion mutant lacking two autophosphorylation sites . ^^^ A mutant EGFR lacking the EGF binding domain as well as the phosphorylation sites also phosphorylated the kinase negative mutant . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
The epidermal growth factor receptor ( EGFR ) gene was analyzed by in situ hybridization using a squamous cell carcinoma line NA , which has high numbers of EGF receptors and carries a 20 fold amplification of EGFR genes . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Incubation of T 47D human breast cancer cells with the synthetic progestin , medroxyprogesterone acetate ( MPA ) , resulted in a time and dose dependent increase in epidermal growth factor receptor ( EGF R ) mRNA . ^^^ Concentrations of MPA as low as 1 nM resulted in a greater than five fold increase in EGF R mRNA . ^^^ A significant increase ( 2 3 fold ) in EGF R mRNA was apparent 12 hr after exposure to MPA and a further increase was seen 12 48 hr after addition of MPA to the cultures . ^^^ From these studies it is concluded that the increased EGF binding in progestin treated T 47D cells results at least in part from increased EGF R gene expression . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
The splice acceptor site at the beginning of the only open reading frame for 5 erbB is also present and functional in c erbB when expressed to generate a truncated EGF ( epidermal growth factor ) receptor . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Since the sequences of the erbB translation product and the EGF receptor are closely related , the relationship between mos and pro EGF suggests that pro EGF and the EGF receptor have evolved from a common ancestor . . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
NA
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
A member of the SRC gene family , the c erbB 1 gene , is closely related to the EGF receptor gene ] . ^^^ Recently in has been suggested has the 5 erbB protein is a part of the chicken EGF ( epidermal growth factor ) receptor . ^^^ Using antibody against either 5 erbB protein or EGF receptor , we also demonstrated close similarity between the two proteins . ^^^ Further studies on human genomic DNA revealed that the c erbB 1 gene , a proto oncogene of the 5 erbB gene , is the EGF receptor gene . ^^^ We were also able to identify the c erbB 2 gene that seems to code for a EGF receptor like protein with a domain for tyrosine kinase . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
The transforming protein erbB of avian erythroblastosis virus ( AEV ) has considerable sequence homology with the epidermal growth factor ( EGF ) and appears to represent a truncated form of this receptor . ^^^ The antiserum is shown to immunoprecipitate the erbB protein from AEV transformed chicken fibroblasts and also recognizes the EGF receptor protein . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
The results of an immunocytochemical study of the epidermal growth factor receptor ( EGFR ) in 35 human soft tissue sarcomas , using a murine monoclonal antibody ( MAb ) EGF R 1 , are reported . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
The epidermal growth factor ( EGF ) receptor gene is the cellular homolog of the avian erythroblastosis virus erbB oncogene . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Cellular responsiveness to epidermal growth factor ( EGF ) and the structure of the receptor for epidermal growth factor ( EGF R ) were compared in young and senescent human fibroblast ( HF ) cells . ^^^ Biosynthetic labeling of HF cells with [ 35S ] methionine followed by immunoprecipitation with EGF R antibody revealed the presence of Mr 170 000 EGF R in cells from both stages . ^^^ Autophosphorylation of EGF R in response to EGF was identical in young and senescent cells . ^^^ Phosphoamino acid analysis of the autophosphorylated EGF R indicated that tyrosine residues were phosphorylated in each preparation . ^^^ Two dimensional peptide mapping of [ 125I ] EGF R from young and senescent cells showed essentially the same pattern , indicating that EGF R does not apparently undergo detectable changes in senescent human fibroblasts . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
NA
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
NA
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
NA
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
NA
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
NA
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
NA
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
NA
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
NA
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
NA
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
NA
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
NA
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
NA
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
NA
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
NA
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
NA
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
NA
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
NA
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Characterization of site specific antibodies to the erbB gene product and EGF receptor : inhibition of tyrosine kinase activity . ^^^ Site specific antibodies were generated against the erbB protein and epidermal growth factor ( EGF ) receptor by immunizing rabbits with a synthetic peptide corresponding to amino acid residues 285 296 of the predicted AEV H erbB protein sequence . ^^^ This peptide region lies within the tyrosine kinase domain of erbB and EGF receptor . ^^^ Antibodies directed against this region readily identified native and denatured forms of the erbB gene product and EGF receptor as demonstrated by immuneprecipitation and immunoblot analysis . ^^^ This site specific antisera should be useful for understanding the role of EGF receptor and erbB tyrosine kinase activity and their link with cell proliferation . . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
It is concluded that EGF R tyrosine kinase activity as well as substrate specificity can be modulated by ligands other than EGF , even if they bind to sites distinct from the EGF binding domain ; activation of the receptor tyrosine kinase , receptor clustering and induction of the ionic signals are causally unrelated events ; and tyrosine kinase activation and receptor cross linking are not sufficient for stimulation of DNA synthesis . . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
A region of the primary amino acid sequence of the epidermal growth factor receptor ( EGF ) protein tyrosine kinase , which is involved in ATP binding , was identified using chemical modification and immunological techniques . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Epidermal growth factor ( EGF ) plays an important role outside the central nervous system ( CNS ) through interaction with its specific receptor , EGF R . ^^^ Using an antibody to EGF R ( three step immunoperoxidase staining ) in conjunction with fluorescence staining , we found that the majority of NP from patients with pathologically confirmed AD as well as those few NP in the normal aging brain showed intense EGF R immunoreactivity . ^^^ Tissue sections from AD cases were also reacted with antibodies to both glial fibrillary acidic protein ( GFAP ) and paired helical filaments ( PHF ) in an attempt to identify which component of the NP was reactive for EGF R . ^^^ We conclude that the neuron and its processes although not exclusively may be the site of EGF R immunoreactivity . ^^^ An EGF / EGF R system within the CNS may play an important part in scar formation in response to neuronal injury and death or it may function as a trophic factor important in axonal or dendritic sprouting . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
NA
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
NA
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
NA
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
NA
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
NA
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
NA
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
NA
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
NA
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
NA
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
NA
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
NA
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
NA
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
NA
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
NA
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
The human epidermal growth factor receptor ( EGF R ) was introduced into primary mouse bone marrow cells ( BMC ) , utilizing retrovirus mediated gene transfer . ^^^ Cultivation of infected BMC in the presence of interleukin 3 ( IL 3 ) led to the outgrowth of IL 3 dependent myeloid cells , which efficiently expressed functional EGF R , exhibiting its two characteristic affinity states . ^^^ In contrast , EGF was able to maintain proliferation of a factor dependent hemopoietic cell line ( FDC P 1 ) infected with the EGF R retrovirus in the absence of IL 3 , but these cells did not respond to EGF in the presence of IL 3 . ^^^ No influence of EGF on IL 3 induced mast cell differentiation of BMC expressing the EGF R could be observed by histological criteria . ^^^ These data show that the expression of EGF R alone is not sufficient to induce or maintain cell proliferation in IL 3 dependent bone marrow derived cells , although it can do so in established hemopoietic cell lines . . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Alternative 5 ' exons and tissue specific expression of the Drosophila EGF receptor homolog transcripts . cDNA clones of the Drosophila epidermal growth factor receptor homolog ( DER ) gene were isolated and sequenced . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
To study such interactions , we have measured the lateral mobility and rate of endocytosis of epidermal growth factor receptor in three transfected NIH 3T3 cell lines ( HER 84 , HER 22 , and HER 82 ) expressing 2 10 10 ( 4 ) , 2 10 10 ( 5 ) and 1 . 5 10 10 ( 6 ) EGF receptors per cell , respectively . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
The dual effects of EGF on A 431 growth and expression of the oncogenes , EGF receptor ( EGFR ) and Ha ras , were evaluated with or without gamma IFN . ^^^ A mitogenic level ( 10pM ) of EGF had no effect on expression of EGFR 10 kb mRNA or protein . gamma IFN combined with 10pM EGF caused an initial drop in EGFR mRNA not reflected at the protein level ; at 72 hours , the level of EGFR 10kb mRNA rose and inhibition of cell growth was observed . ^^^ Treatment with a cytostatic amount ( 10nM ) of EGF resulted in decreased expression of EGFR 10kb mRNA and protein within 24 hours ; combined treatment with gamma IFN caused rapid cell death . ^^^ Expression of Ha ras mRNA paralleled that of EGFR mRNA upon treatment with 10pM EGF and / or gamma IFN , but differed with 10nM EGF . . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Since overexpression of epidermal growth factor ( EGF ) cell surface receptors ( EGFr ) often occurs in other squamous carcinoma cell lines , it was predicted that 584A2 might overexpress EFGr . ^^^ This was confirmed by : ( 1 ) metabolic labeling , with subsequent immunoprecipitation of EGFr and comparing autoradiographs to a cell line without an HSR and fewer copies of chromosome 7 , and ( 2 ) performing EGF binding assays with Scatchard analysis . ^^^ Since overexpression of EGFr correlates with an inhibitory effect of EGF on cell culture , the biological effects of EGF on 584A2 were examined in this study . ^^^ We concluded that , unlike other squamous carcinoma lines with elevated EGFr , EGF stimulates rather than inhibits 584A2 cell proliferation . . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
NA
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Fifty five primary breast tumors and 7 lymph node metastases were simultaneously assayed for the presence of EGF receptors ( EGFR ) , estrogen receptors ( ER ) , and progesterone receptors ( PR ) . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
To test this possibility , we investigated the status of epidermal growth factor receptors ( EGF r ) and transforming growth factor alpha ( TGF alpha ) production in F 4 , G 2 and G 5 cells . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Epidermal growth factor receptor ( EGF R ) were assayed by 125I EGF binding in 28 surgical samples of human meningiomas . ^^^ High affinity EGF R were found in 26 / 28 tumors ( 92 p . 100 ) at concentrations ranging from 20 to 410 femtomoles per mg of membrane protein ( fmol / mg prot . mb . ) . ^^^ In 18 / 26 cases ( 64 p . 100 ) , the EGF R concentration was between 95 and 230 fmol / mg prot . mb . ^^^ No relationship was found between the EGF R level and the site or histopathology of the tumor . ^^^ The only noticeable observations were the low levels of EGF R in the 3 anaplasic meningiomas as compared to the whole population and the undetectable level of EGF R in the angiomatous tumors . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
The EGF receptor ( EGF R ) is a transmembrane glycoprotein with intrinsic protein tyrosine kinase ( TK ) activity . ^^^ To explore the importance of the receptor TK in the action of EGF , we have used transfected NIH 3T3 cells expressing either the normal human EGF R or a receptor mutated at Lys 721 , a key residue in the presumed ATP binding region . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Estrogen receptor ( ER ) , epidermal growth factor ( EGF ) and epidermal growth factor receptor ( EGFR ) were examined by immunocytochemical and biochemical assays in 86 breast carcinomas . ^^^ EGFR was evaluated as positive in 12 out of 38 cases ( 31 . 6 % ) by immunocytochemical assay and in 13 out of 38 ( 34 . 4 % ) by biochemical competitive binding assay using 125I labeled EGF , respectively . ^^^ EGF expression was observed in all EGFR positive tumors . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
NA
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
NA
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
NA
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
NA
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
NA
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
NA
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
NA
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
NA
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
NA
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
NA
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
NA
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
NA
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
NA
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
NA
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
NA
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
NA
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
NA
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
NA
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
NA
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
NA
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
NA
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
NA
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
NA
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
NA
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
This study was conducted to determine how extraordinarily high numbers of epidermal growth factor receptors ( EGF R ) affected the binding and internalization of EGF in the transformed cell line A 431 . 1 found that at low EGF concentrations , the kinetics of binding behaved as a nonsaturable , first order process showing no evidence of multiple affinity classes of receptors . ^^^ The saturation of EGF R endocytosis was specific since internalization of transferrin receptors was not affected by high concentrations of either transferrin or EGF . ^^^ Saturation of EGF R endocytosis probably involves a specific component of the endocytic pathway since fluid phase endocytosis increased coordinately with EGF R occupancy . 1 conclude that there are several aspects of EGF R dynamics on A 431 cells are neither similar to the behavior of EGF R in other cell types nor similar to the reported behavior of other hormone receptors . ^^^ Although A 431 cells have an extraordinary number of EGF R , they do not seem to have corresponding levels of at least two other crucial cell surface components : one that mediates EGF induced rapid receptor internalization and one that attenuates EGF induced membrane responses . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
These results indicate that EGF binding sites and EGFR production increase in human placentas throughout the gestational period . . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
We here report the effect of B TGF on proliferation and epidermal growth factor receptor ( R EGF ) expression in a human glioblastoma cell line named T MG 1 . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
At least half of malignant human gliomas ( MHG ) express high levels of the EGF receptor ( EGFR ) , which are above those detected in normal brain . ^^^ We have measured the growth effects of EGF and an anti EGFR monoclonal antibody , 528 ( Ab 528 ) , on four well characterized human malignant glioma cell lines , D 263 MG , D 247 MG , U 343 MGa Cl 2 : 6 , and D 37 MG , with 2 . 9 10 10 ( 4 ) , 1 . 5 10 10 ( 5 ) , 8 . 6 10 10 ( 5 ) and 1 . 59 10 10 ( 6 ) EGFRs per cell , respectively . ^^^ These studies demonstrate that , although Ab 528 alone has little antiproliferative activity on MHG , it successfully competes with EGF to reduce the biological effects of EGF EGFR binding . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Tetrachlorodibenzo p dioxin causes an increase in protein kinases associated with epidermal growth factor receptor in the hepatic plasma membrane . 2 , 3 , 7 , 8 Tetrachlorodibenzo p dioxin ( TCDD ) , administered to male rats at a single intraperitoneal ( IP ) injection dose of 25 micrograms / kg causes down regulation of epidermal growth factor ( EGF ) receptor in the plasma membrane of rat liver which starts after two days and continues throughout the experimental period ( 20 days ) . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
NA
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
NA
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Epidermal growth factor is a well defined peptide which stimulates cell growth and elicits cell responses in a variety of tissues by binding to specific receptors , EGF R . ^^^ A specific antiserum against the EGF receptor , which has previously been used to characterize EGF R in human skin , fibroblasts , and smooth muscle , was used to survey the distribution of EGF R in human nervous system . ^^^ Portions of formalin fixed , paraffin embedded autopsy specimens were examined by use of immunohistochemical staining ( PAP technique ) with EGF R antiserum . ^^^ Many types of nerve cells , e . g . , cerebral cortical pyramidal cells , hippocampal pyramidal cells , Purkinje cells , anterior horn cells , and dorsal root ganglion neurons , contained immunoreactive EGF R . ^^^ However , immunoreactive EGF R were not detected in astrocytes , oligodendrogliocytes , and other small neurons such as granule cells . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
The half time for acquisition of EGF or insulin binding activity is 30 40 min and of tyrosine kinase activity ( EGFR ) , is 10 15 min . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Dynamics of compartmentalization of epidermal growth factor ( EGF ) in human carcinoma A 431 cells during the first hour after initiation of endocytosis was examined by methods of the organelle fractionation on a 20 % Percoll gradient and of the microfluorimetric visualization of endocytosis of rhodamine labeled EGF ( EGF R ) . ^^^ By one hour after initiation of endocytosis , EGF R was accumulated in perinuclear zone , in a trans Golgi region , as numerous big luminous centres that were apparently MB endosomes and had the same density in Percoll as did small peripheral endosomes . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Thirty four biopsies were EGF receptor ( EGF R ) positive with dissociation constants ( KD ) of 0 . 5 12 10 10 ( 9 ) M and binding capacities ( Bmax ) of 2 250 fmol / mg . ^^^ The correlation of EGF R status with clinical parameters showed no significant differences in primary , metastatic , or recurrent tumors , histological subtype , tumor differentiation , and tumor residual after primary surgery . ^^^ As an inverse correlation , EGF R positive tumors are 39 % and EGF R negative tumors 60 % progesterone receptor positive . ^^^ A response to chemotherapy was noticed in 50 % of EGF R positive ovarian carcinomas with a mean survival time of patients of 28 months . ^^^ The response rate of EGF R negative ovarian carcinomas was 12 % with a mean survival time of 16 months . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
The localization and time of appearance of EGFR IR did not appear consistent with a direct mitogenic role of the EGF domain in astroglia proliferation during development . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
NA
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
By using Southern blot analysis , we found that in two cases of human glioblastoma multiforme , cells carried amplified c erbB genes which bore short deletion mutations within the ligand binding domain of the epidermal growth factor ( EGF ) receptor . ^^^ The products of these mutated c erbB genes were about 30 kilodalton ( kDa ) smaller than the normal 170 kDa EGF receptor , and the tumor cell membrane fractions containing the 140 kDa abnormal EGF receptor showed a significant elevation of tyrosine kinase activity without its ligand . ^^^ In view of the similarity to the activated viral and cellular erbB genes in the avian system , these mutated and overexpressed EGF receptors might play a role in the onset or development of human glioblastoma cells . . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Human breast cancer cell lines , as well as human breast cancer biopsies , possess specific high affinity epidermal growth factor receptors ( EGF r ) . ^^^ However , reports on the presence of EGF r in human breast cancer biopsies are still controversial , especially concerning the relationship between EGF r and other biological variables whose prognostic relevance is well known , such as the estrogen ( ER ) and progesterone ( PgR ) receptors . ^^^ In the present study , the EGF r content was estimated in a series of 136 unselected breast cancer primaries along with cytoplasmic ( ERc ) and nuclear ( ERn ) ER and cytoplasmic PgR . ^^^ We observed a strong inverse association between EGF r and ERc ( p less than 0 . 001 ) ; in fact , about two thirds of the tumors were ERc positive / EGF r negative or ERc negative / EGF r positive . ^^^ The same type of association was found between EGF r and either ERn or PgR . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Electron microscopic evidence for epidermal growth factor receptor ( EGF R ) like immunoreactivity associated with the basolateral surface of gastric parietal cells . ^^^ We recently demonstrated EGF receptor ( EGF R ) like immunoreactivity on human gastric parietal cells by light microscopy . ^^^ To reveal further the localization of this reaction an immuno electron microscopical study was performed . 528IgG , an anti EGF R murine monoclonal antibody and a polyclonal anti EGF antibody were employed for immunostaining using the avidin biotin method . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
That this insensitivity to EGF was probably due to a decrease in the expression of EGF receptors ( EGFR ) on the cell surface was shown using an EGFR cDNA probe to detect a 68 % to 85 % decrease relative to parental cells in the amount of EGFR mRNA in the EGF resistant clones . ^^^ A corresponding decrease in surface EGFR levels was also detected in EGF resistant clones as measured by 125I EGF binding . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
NA
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
NA
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
NA
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
A chimeric , ligand binding 5 erbB / EGF receptor retains transforming potential . ^^^ Comparison of amino acid sequences from human epidermal growth factor ( EGF ) receptor and avian erythroblastosis virus erbB oncogene product suggests that 5 erbB represents a truncated avian EGF receptor gene product . ^^^ Although both proteins are transmembrane tyrosine kinases , the 5 erbB protein lacks most of the extracellular ligand binding domain and a 32 amino acid cytoplasmic sequence present in the human EGF receptor . ^^^ To test the validity of the proposed origin of 5 erbB and to investigate the functional significance of the deleted extracellular sequences , a chimeric gene encoding the extracellular and the transmembrane domain of the human EGF receptor joined to sequences coding for the cytoplasmic domain of the avian erbB oncogene product was constructed . ^^^ When expressed in Rat 1 fibroblasts , this reconstituted gene product ( HER erbB ) was transported to the cell surface and bound EGF . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Approximately equal amounts of 125I mAb 225 ( a monoclonal antibody recognizing the human epidermal growth factor receptor ) and 125I labeled epidermal growth factor ( 125I EGF ) were bound by HeLa cells . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Recently hormone dependent mammary carcinoma cell lines were shown to exhibit in vitro significantly lower protein kinase C ( PKC ) activities and epidermal growth factor receptor ( EGF R ) as compared to hormone independent cell lines . ^^^ Measurements of EGF R levels in primary human breast cancer biopsies were determined by [ 125I ] EGF binding . ^^^ These data suggest an inverse relationship between the EGF R or the phorbol ester receptor and the steroid receptor system in human breast cancer . . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
The epidermal growth factor ( EGF ) receptor gene EGFR has been placed in a retrovirus vector to examine the growth properties of cells that experimentally overproduce a full length EGF receptor . ^^^ NIH 3T3 cells transfected with the viral DNA or infected with the corresponding rescued retrovirus developed a fully transformed phenotype in vitro that required both functional EGFR expression and the presence of EGF in the growth medium . ^^^ Therefore , the EGFR retrovirus , which had a titer on NIH 3T3 cells that was greater than 10 ( 7 ) focus forming units per milliliter , can efficiently transfer and express this gene , and increased numbers of EGF receptors can contribute to the transformed phenotype . . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
NIH 3T3 EGFR clonal lines , which expressed the EGF at 500 to 1000 fold levels over control NIH 3T3 cells , demonstrated a marked increase in DNA synthesis in response to EGF . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Similarity between the carboxyl terminal portion of the human epidermal growth factor ( EGF ) receptor and the deduced protein sequence of the chicken derived oncogene 5 erbB , of avian erythroblastosis virus strain H , has suggested that the chicken cellular erbB locus , c erbB , might be part of a longer EGF receptor gene in the chicken , whose entire coding capacity remained to be defined . ^^^ We show here that human EGF receptor cDNA and chicken genomic DNA share homology not only within the c erbB locus but also within a 25 . 1 kbp DNA region situated 5 ' to this locus . ^^^ The 3 ' region of the EGF receptor overlaps , in sequence homology , the c erbB locus . ^^^ The EGF receptor / c erbB locus in chicken generates six related but distinctly different mRNAs of sizes 12 , 9 , 5 , 3 . 6 , 3 . 2 and 2 . 6 kb . ^^^ The 12 kb and 9 kb transcripts , which have already been shown to contain the sequences coding for the 5 erbB , were found to possess , in addition , sequences that encode the entire chicken EGF receptor . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
The complementary DNA sequence of the human insulin receptor is similar to those of the EGF receptor ( erbB oncogene ) and products of the src family of oncogenes . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Phorbol ester induced threonine phosphorylation of the human epidermal growth factor receptor occurs within the EGF binding domain . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Antiserum to a defined region ( residues 373 383 ) of the erbB oncogene product immunoprecipitated a 170 , 000 dalton protein that was phosphorylated in an EGF sensitive fashion as well as the 125I EGF receptor complex from A 431 human epidermoid carcinoma cells . ^^^ These results suggest immunological similarity between the erbB gene product and the EGF receptor . . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
The development of a radioimmunoassay ( RIA ) for the human epidermal growth factor receptor solubilized with nonionic detergents which employs iodinated epidermal growth factor ( 125I EGF ) as the specific ligand is described . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
In the present study , we produced two series of human mouse cell hybrids by fusing mouse A 9 cells that are deficient in EGFR with the human diploid fibroblast lines GM 1356 , 46 , 20 , t ( 1 ; 7 ) ( p 34 ; p 13 ) , and GM 2068 , 46 , 20 , t ( 6 ; 7 ) ( q 27 ; q 22 ) , both of which possess EGF receptors . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Since the ability to internalize and degrade bound EGF was unaffected , the change presumably reflected a decrease in EGFR availability . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
The cell membrane receptor for epidermal growth factor ( EGF ) appears to be a glycoprotein of Mr 170 , 000 and mediates the mitogenic and metabolic responses of cells with EGF receptors ( EGF R ) . ^^^ Normal rat kidney ( NRK ) have about 3 10 10 ( 5 ) EGF R per cell . ^^^ Membranes from NRK and KNRK cells were included in EGF dependent phosphorylation reactions to search for evidence of the EGF R . ^^^ The Mr 170 , 000 protein was identified to be EGF R by immunoprecipitation with monoclonal antibody to the receptor . ^^^ These data indicate that the EGF R is present in KNRK cells with apparently the same protein structure as the NRK counterpart . . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Properties of a monoclonal antibody to epidermal growth factor receptor with implications for the mechanism of action of EGF . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Tumor promoting phorbol diesters mediate phosphorylation of the epidermal growth factor receptor . 4 beta Phorbol 12 beta myristate 13 alpha acetate ( PMA ) markedly inhibited the binding of low concentrations ( less than 10 ( 9 m ) of 125I epidermal growth factor ( EGF ) to A 431 human epidermoid carcinoma cells . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Epidermal growth factor receptors ( EGF R ) were measured in a series of breast tumors to determine what percentage of breast tumors express EGF R and whether EGF R was independent of expression of estrogen receptor and progestin receptor . ^^^ Approximately 20 % of the tumors in the study were EGF R positive and ER negative , suggesting that the growth of these tumors may be regulated predominantly by a peptide hormone ( EGF ) rather than a steroid hormone ( estrogen ) . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Epidermal growth factor ( EGF ) secretion and EGF receptor ( EGFR ) expression were studied by a combination of reverse hemolytic plaque assay ( RHPA ) , which identifies the EGF secreting cells , and immunocytochemical detection of EGFR . ^^^ Our results showed that 19 % of total rat anterior pituitary ( AP ) cells secrete EGF and 48 % of total AP cells possess EGFR . ^^^ In addition , most of the EGF secreting cells ( 73 % ) possess EGFR . ^^^ By measuring the size of plaques surrounding EGF secreting cells , we found that EGF secretion per cell is significantly higher in cells that did not express EGFR ( 1930 + / 92 microns 2 ) than in EGFR expressing cells ( 1551 + / 89 microns 2 ) . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
EGFR function was inhibited in transgenic skin keratinocytes , since in vivo and in vitro autophosphorylation of EGFR was almost completely abolished on EGF stimulation . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Epidermal growth factor ( EGF ) receptor ( EGFR ) can induce cell growth and transformation in a ligand dependent manner . ^^^ The wild type and mutant receptors were stably expressed in a NIH 3T3 variant cell line that expresses an extremely low level of endogenous EGFR and does not grow with EGF . ^^^ However , mutant receptors still could induce EGF dependent DNA synthesis , morphological transformation , and anchorage independent growth , although the extent of these was significantly reduced when compared with wild type EGFR . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
To analyze the functional role of this pathway in T cells , we expressed an epidermal growth factor receptor ( EGF ) or platelet derived growth factor ( PDGF ) receptor ( EGF R or PDGF R ) , both of which are known to directly activate PLC gamma 1 in fibroblasts , into a murine T cell hybridoma . ^^^ While EGF stimulation did not either cause phosphorylation of PLC gamma 1 or induce Ca2+ mobilization in the EGF R transfectant in this system , PDGF treatment induced tyrosine phosphorylation of PLC gamma 1 and Ca2+ mobilization in the PDGF R transfectant . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Findings 3 and 4 suggest that deNAcGM 3 strongly promotes serine phosphorylation ( in addition to Tyr phosphorylation ) of EGF R and may function as a second messenger in the process of cell growth stimulation . . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Differential expression of epidermal growth factor receptor ( EGF R ) gene and regulation of EGF R bioactivity by progesterone and estrogen in the adult mouse uterus . ^^^ The present study examined several aspects of epidermal growth factor receptor ( EGF R ) in the mouse uterus during the peri implantation period and after ovarian hormone treatment of adult ovariectomized mice . ^^^ Affinity cross linking studies ascertained the size of the EGF R , and its bioactivity was examined by determining EGF dependent subcellular protein tyrosine kinase activity and receptor autophosphorylation . ^^^ In the intact uterus and separated cell types , EGF R was detected in the stroma , deciduum , and myometrium , but not in the luminal or glandular epithelium . ^^^ Uterine EGF R mRNA transcript profiles showed some differences between pregnant and ovariectomized mice regardless of steroid hormone treatments . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Enhanced expression of the epidermal growth factor receptor ( EGFR ) or its ligands , epidermal growth factor ( EGF ) and transforming growth factor alpha ( TGF alpha ) can increase signalling via receptor mediated pathways which may lead to excessive proliferation and cellular transformation . ^^^ In the present study , we investigate the dosage , structure and expression of EGF , TGF alpha and EGFR genes in a series of 34 human prostate samples and 3 prostate cancer cell lines . ^^^ The androgen responsive prostatic carcinoma cell line , LNCaP , expressed high levels of EGF mRNA while the androgen independent DU 145 and PC 3 cell lines expressed high levels of TGF alpha mRNA and EGFR mRNA . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Using immunoelectron microscopy of both isolated nuclei and whole cells , epidermal growth factor receptor ( EGF R ) was found to be associated with the chromatin and , to a lesser extent , with the inner surface of the nuclear membrane . ^^^ Tyrosine phosphorylation of proteins other than EGF R was particularly notable in the nucleoli . ^^^ These observations suggest that EGF R may exert some of its physiological functions by directly inducing tyrosine phosphorylation of specific nuclear proteins . ^^^ Translocation of EGF R to the nucleus may provide a vital link between plasma membrane signalling and gene activation . . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
We now show that mutant Neu proteins resulting from a point mutation at the ATP binding site ( N 757 ) or cytoplasmic domain deletions ( N691stop ) are still able to undergo EGF induced heterodimerization with EGFR . ^^^ N 757 can be transphosphorylated by associated EGFR upon EGF stimulation . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
We describe here that EGF receptor ( EGFR ) is localized in the head of bull spermatozoa and that epidermal growth factor ( EGF ) can induce the occurrence of the AR in its typical dose dependent manner . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
The structural requirements of substrates for two recombinant protein tyrosine phosphatases ( PTPases ) are probed using various sized synthetic phosphotyrosine ( pY ) containing peptides corresponding to the autophosphorylation site in EGF receptor ( EGFR ) at Y 992 . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
The morphological evaluation was in each case combined with immunofluorescence ( to detect immunoglobulins and complement fractions ) and immunohistochemistry with a wide panel of monoclonal antibodies for T cells ( CD 2 , CD 3 , CD 4 , CD 8 , gamma delta ) , B cells ( CD 20 , CD 22 ) , macrophages ( CD 68 , MAC 387 ) NK cells ( leu 7 , CD 16 ) , activation markers ( IL 2 R , Ki 67 , transferrin R ) , MHC antigens ( HLA ABC , HLA DR ) , adhesion molecules ( ICAM 1 , VCAM 1 , ELAM 1 , PADGEM , VLA 4 , LFA 1 alpha / beta ) , and growth factors ( EGF , TGF alpha , EGF R ) . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
We analyzed the binding site ( s ) for Grb 2 on the epidermal growth factor ( EGF ) receptor ( EGFR ) , using cell lines overexpressing EGFRs containing various point and deletion mutations in the carboxy terminal tail . ^^^ Since Grb 2 also binds Shc after EGF stimulation , we investigated whether Y 1173 is a binding site for the SH 2 domain of Shc on the EGFR . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
To study the relationship between the tyrosine kinase c Src and the epidermal growth factor receptor ( EGF R ) , we used the breast cancer cell line ZR 75 1 , which was transfected with the EGF R . ^^^ The EGF R transfected cell line expressed 60 times more EGF R than a control cell line transfected with the empty vector . ^^^ In the presence of EGF , the EGF R over expressing cell line grew much faster than the control cell line . ^^^ However , the cell line over expressing the EGF R showed a twofold enhancement of c Src kinase activity after EGF stimulation . ^^^ The activation of c Src kinase by EGF was confirmed in other EGF R expressing cell types . . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
The EGFR specific tyrosine kinase inhibitor tyrphostin 25 selectively prevents EGFR autophosphorylation thereby preventing the EGF induced FG cell migration response on vitronectin without affecting constitutive migration on collagen . ^^^ In this case , PKC activation appears to be associated with and downstream of EGFR signaling since calphostin C , an inhibitor of PKC , blocks FG cell migration on vitronectin induced by either PKC or EGF . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
The aim of this study was to isolate and quantify the epidermal growth factor receptor in prostatic tissue and indirectly determine the growth factors acting on it ( EGF , TGF alpha , PDGF , NGF , IGF ) . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
We have studied the expression of epidermal growth factor ( EGF ) and EGF receptors ( EGF R ) in isolated human trophoblast cells at various stages of differentiation and also the biological significance of the EGF / EGF R autocrine and paracrine mechanism . ^^^ The expression of EGF and EGF R protein and mRNA was studied in trophoblast cells cultured for 0 5 days , using immunocytochemical staining , and reverse transcription and polymerase chain reaction . ^^^ Monoclonal antibodies ( mAbs ) against EGF and EGF R showed specific staining in trophoblast cells at all stages of differentiation . ^^^ Both EGF and EGF R gene transcripts were detected in RNA samples isolated from trophoblast cells at all stages . ^^^ These data suggest the presence of an EGF / EGF R autocrine and paracrine mechanism in human trophoblast cells . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
The ability of the immunosuppressive agent FK 506 to affect growth of the epidermal growth factor receptor ( EGF R ) overexpressing cell line , A 431 , was compared with that of the structurally unrelated immunosuppressive compound , cyclosporin A ( CyA ) . ^^^ Both were shown to inhibit growth , although neither of them caused down regulation of the EGF R or affected epidermal growth factor ( EGF ) induced tyrosine phosphorylation of the EGF R . ^^^ Inhibition of growth was not specific to EGF R pathways , as both FK 506 and CyA also inhibited EGF and platelet derived growth factor ( PDGF ) induced DNA synthesis in fibroblasts . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
NA
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
However , these factors do not directly bind ErbB 2 , and its activation is likely to be mediated via transmodulation by other members of the type I / EGF receptor ( EGFR ) related family of receptor tyrosine kinases . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
The combined immunohistochemical analysis of overexpression of EGFR , EGF and TGF alpha with LOH on chromosome 10 showed that chromosome 10 deletions are not exclusively bound to EGFR overexpression . . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
The receptor ( EGFR ) for epidermal growth factor ( EGF ) and transforming growth alpha ( TGF alpha ) is often overexpressed in certain types of human malignancy and high levels of expression of the receptor and / or coexpression of growth factors . ^^^ Our results showed that treatment of human tumor xenografts with a combination of two anti EGFR MAbs that bind to two distinct epitopes on the external domain of EGF receptor was not as effective as treatment with ICR 62 alone , which binds to epitope C on the EGFR and is of IgG2b isotype . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Furthermore , after approximately 24 h , KGF as well as TGF alpha induced EGFR down regulation based on Western blot analysis and 125I EGF binding . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
This EGF receptor ( EGF R ) binding property was abolished by an antiserum to heparin binding EGF like growth factor ( HB EGF ) that specifically blocks binding of HB EGF to the EGF R . ^^^ Reverse phase HPLC resulted in the purification of two EGF R binding activities correlated with 13 , 500 and 17 , 000 M ( r ) proteins that reacted with an antiserum raised against residues 9 26 of human HB EGF . ^^^ Uterine extracts also contained an EGF R binding factor that was eluted from heparin by 1 . 0 M NaCl and was antagonized by HB EGF antiserum . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
We examined menstrual cycle dependent changes in the expression of human endometrial epidermal growth factor ( EGF ) , transforming growth factor alpha ( TGF alpha ) , and epidermal growth factor receptor ( EGFR ) and their mRNA using immunoblot analysis , 125I EGF binding , and competitive reverse transcription and polymerase chain reaction ( RT PCR ) . ^^^ Immunohistochemical examination showed that EGF , TGF alpha , and EGFR were localized to the endometrial epithelium . ^^^ Immunoblot analysis revealed that endometrial EGF , TGF alpha , and EGFR levels were significantly ( p < 0 . 01 ) increased at the late follicular and luteal stages compared to the early follicular stage . 125I EGF specific binding levels at the late follicular and luteal stages were significantly ( p < 0 . 01 ) higher than at the early follicular stage , consistent with the results of immunoblot analysis . ^^^ Competitive RT PCR revealed that EGF , TGF alpha , and EGFR mRNA levels were significantly ( p < 0 . 01 ) higher at the late follicular and luteal stages than at the early follicular stage . ^^^ Changes in EGF , TGF alpha , and EGFR mRNA levels were consistent with changes in protein levels . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Moreover , in established cell lines expressing elevated levels of EGFR , EGF stimulation results in transphosphorylation of Neu and formation of complexes between c Src and tyrosine phosphorylated Neu . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
In LNCaP cell lines , R 1881 added to DCC FCS medium increases DNA , epidermal growth factor ( EGF ) and EGF receptor ( EGFR ) levels : the antiandrogen hydroxy flutamide prevents the increase of the growth factor and increases its receptor . ^^^ Moreover , androgens and EGF downregulate EGFR , which is probably internalized into the cell and degraded by lisosomes : in fact , a negative linear correlation between EGF , nuclear AR and the high and low affinity binding of EGFR is observed . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Expression of EGF , EGFR and PCNA in laryngeal lesions . ^^^ The expression of EGF / EGFR in 47 laryngeal surgical specimens from 44 patients was examined . ^^^ EGFR failed to show a significant correlation with tumour behaviour , but EGF expression was statistically significantly higher in malignant ( SCC ) than in non malignant tissues ( pre cancerous and normal tissues ) ( p < 0 . 006 ) , and PCNA also showed a statistically significant difference ( p < 0 . 016 ) between the two . ^^^ In malignant tissues when EGF / EGFR in ' double positive ' and ' double negative ' cases was compared , a statistically significant difference in PCNA was found ( p < 0 . 029 ) ; but this was not seen in non malignant tissues . ^^^ Our results support the hypothesis that an autocrime mechanism exists in laryngeal cancer and in this mechanism EGF may play an important role in tumour progression , especially when EGFR is overexpressed . . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
The level of epidermal growth factor receptor ( EGFR ) expression in OCUM 2D cells was about twice that of OCUM 2M cells and the growth of OCUM 2D cells was stimulated more by epidermal growth factor ( EGF ) than that of OCUM 2M cells . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
The levels of estrogen receptor ( ER ) , epidermal growth factor ( EGF ) receptor ( EGF R ) and GH receptor ( GHR ) in the mammary glands of the animals were also measured . ^^^ We hypothesize that the reduction in the circulating concentration of GH caused the reduced susceptibility of parous rats to mammary carcinogenesis possibly by decreasing the levels of ER and / or EGF R in the mammary gland . . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Prostate carcinomas often present an autocrine stimulatory loop in which the transformed cells both express the EGF receptor ( EGFR ) and produce activating ligands ( TGF alpha and EGF forms ) . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
For 58 patients ( 51 men , 7 women ; mean age : 59 . 1 + / 9 . 3 years ) , clinical response to chemoradiation was correlated with the findings of flow cytometry ( ploidy , % of cells in S phase ) and immunohistochemistry ( p 53 , EGF R , Ki 67 ) . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
The products of five distinct loci , Egf , Tgfa , Areg , Btc , and Hegfl act as ligands for the epidermal growth factor receptor . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Epidermal growth factor ( EGF ) and hydrocortisone stimulated growth with or without serum , but not autocrine growth stimulation via the epidermal growth factor receptor was detected . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
The present study was undertaken to determine the expression of genes for epidermal growth factor ( EGF ) and its receptor ( EGF R ) in various components of medium sized porcine ovarian follicles by reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction ( RT PCR ) , and to localize their peptides during folliculogenesis by immunocytochemistry . ^^^ In contrast , a very strong EGF R mRNA signal was observed in cumulus , granulosa , and theca cells , whereas the signal in the oocyte was very weak . ^^^ EGF R immunostaining was observed in the oocytes of primordial and primary follicles , and in cumulus , granulosa , and theca cells of all stages of follicle , including atretic follicles . ^^^ No immunostaining was observed when the primary antibody was replaced with preimmune serum ( EGF ) , or preabsorbed with the control peptide ( EGF R ) , confirming the specificity of the staining procedures . ( ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS ) . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Upon binding to its receptor , the EGF receptor ( EGFR ) , TGF alpha can exert diverse biological activities , such as induction of cell proliferation or differentiation . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
In addition , radioligand competition binding studies revealed a 2 fold increase in EGFR EGF binding affinity in the PC 3 hAR cells after DHT treatment . ^^^ Our observations suggest that DHT increases both EGFR number and receptor ligand affinity in androgen sensitive prostate cancer cells and that these effects correlate with increased EGF binding and an enhanced mitogenic response to EGF . . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Immunohistochemical detection of epidermal growth factor receptor ( EGF R ) in paraffin sections of breast carcinoma tissue : correlation and clinical significance ] . ^^^ Analyses of the level of expression of the epidermal growth factor receptor ( EGF R ) of breast cancer tumours may add independent information about the prognosis for individual patients . ^^^ Furthermore , the use of monoclonal antibodies directed against EGF R as therapeutic tools ( e . g . , Mab 425 ) requires a reliable evaluation of the individual EGF R content . ^^^ Various analytical methods have been published , including ( 1 ) biochemical detectonn of EGF R by a radiolabelled physiological ligand , ( 125I ) EGF , ( 2 ) enzymatic analyses of EGF R content ( IEMA ) , ( 3 ) immunological analyses of EGF R content with a monoclonal antibody ( ELISA ) , and ( 4 ) immunohistochemical EGF R detection . ^^^ Studies with immunohistochemical analyses of EGF R overexpression in formalin fixed , paraffin embedded tumour samples are rare . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Alkylamino ) methyl ] acrylophenones : potent and selective inhibitors of the epidermal growth factor receptor protein tyrosine kinase . [ ( Alkylamino ) methyl ] acrylophenones and ( alkylamino ) propiophenones , bearing a spacer moiety such as the benzyloxy or ( benzoylsulfonyl ) oxy group in the 4 position , represent a novel class of inhibitors of the epidermal growth factor ( EGF ) receptor protein tyrosine kinase with a high degree of selectivity versus other tyrosine and serine / threonine kinases . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
In order to quantitate epidermal growth factor receptors ( EGFR ) in human renal cell carcinoma ( RCC ) tissues , the binding of isotope labeled epidermal growth factor ( 125I EGF ) to pooled membrane samples from human RCC was studied . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
We have characterized 24 hypopharyngeal squamous cell carcinomas and 5 normal hypopharyngeal tissues by immunostaining with antibodies against epidermal growth factor ( EGF ) , EGF Receptor ( EGFR ) , p 53 , 5 erb B , and ras p 21 . ^^^ EGF and EGFR tended to be expressed more strongly in carcinoma [ EGF : 29 . 1 % ( well differentiated : 30 % , moderately differentiated : 28 . 6 % , poorly differentiated : 28 . 6 % ) ; EGFR : 50 % ( well differentiated : 60 % , moderately differentiated : 42 . 9 % , poorly differentiated : 42 . 9 % ) ] than in normal mucosa ( EGF : 0 % , EGFR : 20 % ) . ^^^ These data suggest that genetic mutations of p 53 probably play an important role at an early stage of tumorigenesis , and that the networks of EGF , EGFR and 5 erb B probably are involved in the development of hypopharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma . . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Since the discovery that epidermal growth factor ( EGF ) can accelerate opening of the eyelids , the EGF receptor ( EGF R ) has been extensively studied and is now considered to be a prototype tyrosine kinase receptor . ^^^ Although it is not found on haematopoietic cells , the EGF R is widely expressed in mammals and has been implicated in various stages of embryonic development . ^^^ Here we investigate the developmental and physiological roles of this receptor and its ligands by inactivating the gene encoding EGF R . ^^^ We find that EGF R / mice survive for up to 8 days after birth and suffer from impaired epithelial development in several organs , including skin , lung and gastrointestinal tract . . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
We explored the regulation of epidermal growth factor ( EGF ) mediated activation of EGF receptor ( EGF R ) phosphorylation by curcumin ( diferuloyl methane ) , a recently identified kinase inhibitor , in cultured NIH 3T3 cells expressing human EGF R . ^^^ Treatment of cells with a saturating concentration of EGF for 5 15 min induced increased EGF R tyrosine phosphorylation by 4 to 11 fold and this was inhibited in a dose and time dependent manner by up to 90 % by curcumin , which also inhibited the growth of EGF stimulated cells . ^^^ There was no effect of curcumin treatment on the amount of surface expression of labeled EGF R and inhibition of EGF mediated tyrosine phosphorylation of EGF R by curcumin was mediated by a reversible mechanism . ^^^ These findings demonstrate that curcumin is a potent inhibitor of a growth stimulatory pathway , the ligand induced activation of EGF R , and may potentially be useful in developing anti proliferative strategies to control tumor cell growth . . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Cell differentiation was examined immunocytochemically by staining monolayer cultures for thyroglobulin ( Tg ) and EGF receptor ( EGFr ) as well as morphologically by microscopical evaluation of monolayer cultures . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
We examined the expression of epidermal growth factor ( EGF ) , transforming growth factor alpha ( TGF alpha ) , epidermal growth factor receptor ( EGFR ) and p185c erbB 2 immunohistochemically and correlated the expression with growth in 66 cases of human gastric carcinoma . ^^^ Expression of EGF was detected in 41 cases ( 62 . 1 % ) , TGF alpha in 42 cases ( 63 . 6 % ) , EGFR in 34 cases ( 51 . 5 % ) , and p185c erbB 2 in 37 cases ( 56 . 1 % ) . ^^^ The BrdU labeling index was higher in tumors that coexpressed EGF and EGFR or TGF alpha and EGFR than in tumors without expression or in tumors that expressed growth factors or the receptors ( p < 0 . 01 ) . ^^^ Tumors with simultaneous expression of EGF , TGF alpha , EGFR and p185c erbB 2 had an association with a high BrdU labeling index . ^^^ These results suggest that the expressions of EGF , TGF alpha , EGFR and p185c erbB 2 are closely related and then play an important role in the growth of human gastric carcinomas . . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
TGF alpha , like EGF , exerts its effect on cells through binding to the EGF Receptor ( EGF R ) . ^^^ Here we review the molecular and cell biology of TGF alpha before proceeding to describe our own work on signaling molecules induced in response to activation of the EGF R . . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Changes in the concentrations and affinities of receptors for oestrogen ( ER ) , progesterone ( PR ) and epidermal growth factor ( EGF R ) were studied in mammary glands of healthy bitches with regard to age , the location in the mammary chain and the stage of the oestrous cycle . ^^^ ER , PR and EGF R were detected by biochemical assays using increasing concentrations of tritiated ( steroids ) or iodinated ( EGF ) ligands . ^^^ No significant correlation was found between the steroid receptors and EGF R concentrations . ^^^ Mammary EGF R were not significantly higher in the early or mid luteal phase than in pro oestrus or anoestrus . ^^^ Mammary EGF R concentrations may be linked , as in other species , to cellular proliferation and / or to the serum progesterone concentrations . . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
EGF effects in vitro and in vivo on a carcinoma cell line rich in EGFR . ^^^ The EGF detached tumour cells however , did not differ from the tumour cells which remained adherent after EGF exposure with regard to parameters such as growth in soft agar , growth response to EGF , tumour necrosis factor alpha , interferon gamma , and carmustin ( BCNU ) , level of EGFR gene expression and EGFR gene amplification , S phase fraction , and amount of DNA . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
In this report , the effects of EGCase on epidermal growth factor ( EGF ) dependent tyrosine specific EGF receptor ( EGFR ) phosphorylation of A 431 cells are described . ^^^ EGF dependent phosphorylation of EGFR of A 431 cells was inhibited by the reduction of cell surface GSLs by EGCase when either intact A 431 cells or their plasma membrane fractions were used , while EGF binding to their receptors was not changed . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
We have engineered ecotropic Moloney murine leukemia virus derived envelopes targeted to cell surface molecules expressed on human cells by the N terminal insertion of polypeptides able to bind either Ram 1 phosphate transporter ( the first 208 amino acids of amphotropic murine leukemia virus surface protein ) or epidermal growth factor receptor ( EGFR ) ( the 53 amino acids of EGF ) . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
The present study investigated the cellular distribution of the EGF receptor ( EGF R ) in the rat corpus luteum ( CL ) by immunocytochemical staining , and the effects of EGF and TGF alpha on progesterone and 20 alpha dihydroprogesterone ( 20 alpha OH P ) production in cultures of luteal cells . ^^^ Using a primary antibody directed against the human EGF R peptide , specific EGF R staining was obtained in the CL . ^^^ Both small and large luteal cells had EGF R staining . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
The way cells interpret pleiotropic signals such as TGF alpha is influenced by the level of expression of epidermal growth factor receptor ( EGF R ) in some cell lines . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
The delayed implantation model was used to study epidermal growth factor receptor ( s ) ( EGF R ) in the mouse blastocyst . ^^^ Immunostaining of EGF R , autoradiographic detection of 125I labeled EGF binding , and measurement of EGF inducible subcellular protein tyrosine phosphorylation demonstrated the loss of EGF R from blastocysts ( dormant ) recovered 24 h after ovariectomy or on the 3rd day of P 4 maintained delay . ^^^ However , increased EGF R levels were detected in blastocysts ( activated ) recovered 12 or 24 h after E 2 injection . ^^^ Blastocyst EGF R mRNA levels were quantitated by reverse transcriptase ( RT ) PCR and distribution of this mRNA was examined by in situ hybridization . ^^^ To provide a homologous probe for these studies , a mouse EGF R partial cDNA was cloned and used as the template for synthesis of antisense and sense strand EGF R RNA . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Using bacterially expressed fusion proteins containing the SH 2 domain of the abl tyrosine kinase , we have quantitated the binding of these domains to the activated epidermal growth factor ( EGF ) receptor ( EGFR ) . ^^^ A 35S labeled abl SH 2 fusion protein binds to the human EGFR immunoprecipitated from EGF treated NIH3T3 cells that overexpress the receptor . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
The ability of AR to elicit in vivo phosphorylation of the EGF receptor ( EGFR ) and p185erbB2 was studied in four human epithelial cell lines which expressed either or both of the receptor tyrosine kinases . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Endometrial samples were collected after the removal of uterus and were used for immunohistochemical evaluation of EGF , EGF receptor ( EGFr ) and IGF 1 and also for Northern blot analysis of IGF 1 gene expression . ^^^ The immunohistochemical scores ( HSCORES ) for EGF , EGFr and IGF 1 were significantly higher in groups A and B than in group C . ^^^ Independently from the menstrual history , significantly higher HSCORES of EGF , EGFr and IGF 1 were present in hyperplastic endometrium than in those which were proliferative and atrophic . ^^^ Higher levels of D 4 A were also significantly correlated ( P < 0 . 05 ) with higher HSCORES of EGF , EGFr and IGF 1 . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Athymic mice bearing xenografts of human tumours that overexpress the receptor ( EGFR ) for EGF and TGF alpha have been used to evaluate the therapeutic potential of three new rat monoclonal antibodies ( mAbs ) directed against two distinct epitopes on the extracellular domain of the human EGFR . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Epidermal growth factor ( EGF ) mediated tyrosine phosphorylation of EGFR was decreased in situ in a time and dose dependent manner in P Tyr treated cells . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
EGF evoked these changes in a concentration and time dependent fashion , in both the presence and absence of serum and most likely through interactions with the epidermal growth factor receptor , inasmuch as similar effects were achieved by treating the cells with transforming growth factor alpha . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
In vitro experiments with glioma cell lines revealed a consistent and reliable relation between EGFr activation and VEGF production ; namely , EGF ( 1 20 ng / ml ) stimulation of glioma cells resulted in a 25 125 % increase in secretion of bioactive VEGF . ^^^ Specifically , EGF activation of EGFr expressed on glioma cells leads to enhanced secretion of VEGF by glioma cells . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Epidermal growth factor ( EGF ) and its receptor ( EGF R ) have been demonstrated in human implantation sites . ^^^ Transforming growth factor alpha ( TGF alpha ) , a protein with extensive sequence homology to EGF and with equal affinity for the EGF R , was localized immunohistochemically in early intrauterine and ectopic pregnancies . ^^^ The known presence of the EGF R suggests an autocrine / paracrine role for TGF alpha during human implantation . . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
For this reason , we comprehensively examined the coexpression and differential expression of EGFR and its ligands , TGF alpha , epidermal growth factor ( EGF ) , and amphiregulin ( AR ) , by Northern analysis , in paired samples of primary tumors and uninvolved lung . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
We have analyzed the effects of EGFR activation on keratin gene transcription by transfecting DNAs containing keratin promoters linked to a reporter gene into primary cultures of human epidermal keratinocytes in the presence or absence of EGF or transforming growth factor alpha ( TGF alpha ) , two growth factors that activate EGFR . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
An expression cloning method which allows direct isolation of cDNAs encoding substrates for tyrosine kinases was applied to the study of the epidermal growth factor ( EGF ) receptor ( EGFR ) signaling pathway . ^^^ Antibodies specific for the eps 15 gene product recognize two proteins : a major species of 142 kDa and a minor component of 155 kDa , both of which are phosphorylated on tyrosine following EGFR activation by EGF in vivo . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Human benign prostatic hyperplasia ( BPH ) samples were analyzed to evaluate the presence of immunoreactive epidermal growth factor ( irEGF ) and EGF receptor ( EGFR ) . ^^^ Two groups of samples can be identified : the first showing high irEGF concentrations and low levels of EGF binding sites ; the second low irEGF and high concentrations of EGFR . ^^^ The inverse relationship between EGF and the two sites of EGFR lead one to hypothesize that EGF itself could play a central role in determining receptor cell surface availability . . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Ligand induced translocation of epidermal growth factor receptors ( EGF R ) to the nucleus of NR6 / HER fibroblasts has been studied by immunoelectron microscopy . ^^^ Following treatment of NR6 / HER cells with epidermal growth factor ( EGF ) for 1 h , there was a decrease in EGF R labeling at the plasma membrane and a corresponding increase in EGF R in the nucleus . ^^^ EGF R translocation into the nucleus was completely prevented by 18 h serum starvation prior to treatment with EGF . ^^^ These results indicate that translocation of EGF R to the nucleus is a controlled process and they suggest that EGF R may directly influence nuclear function . . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
EGF receptor ( EGF R ) tyrosine kinase is required for the down regulation of activated EGF R . ^^^ However , controversy exists as to whether ligand induced activation of the EGF R tyrosine kinase is required for internalization or for lysosomal targeting . ^^^ We have addressed this issue using a cell free assay that selectively measures the recruitment of EGF R into coated pits . ^^^ Sequestration of deletion mutants of the EGF R that lack autophosphorylation sites also requires an active tyrosine kinase . ^^^ This suggests that a tyrosine kinase substrate ( s ) other than the EGF R itself , is required for its efficient ligand induced recruitment into coated pits . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
The EGF independent endocytosis of mono AB gold EGF R complexes was examined that may be considered as a constitutive endocytosis . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
In situ hybridization with a cRNA probe was used to determine the cellular expression of mRNA for the epidermal growth factor receptor ( EGF R ) within the rat dopaminergic nigrostriatal system . ^^^ Hybridization for EGF R mRNA was distributed throughout the ventral mesencephalon within cells of the substantia nigra pars compacta and ventral tegmental area ( VTA ) . ^^^ Unilateral lesion of the nigrostriatal pathway with the neurotoxin 6 hydroxydopamine resulted in substantial elimination of EGF R cRNA hybridization in the ipsilateral substantia nigra and VTA . ^^^ EGF R mRNA was also demonstrated within a population of striatal somata , with highest levels of expression detected neonatally . ^^^ These results indicate that a subpopulation of ventral midbrain dopaminergic neurons , as well as striatal perikarya , express the EGF R and , thus , may be directly responsive to endogenous EGF , transforming growth factor alpha , or another EGF R ligand in vivo . . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
As clinicopathological features may not be sufficient to predict the progression of thymoma , we have carried out what we believe to be the first immunohistochemical study describing the relationship between the different types of thymoma and the tumour stage , on the one hand , and the expression of epidermal growth factor ( EGF ) , EGF receptor ( EGFR ) , p 53 , 5 erb B and ras p 21 , on the other . ^^^ These data suggest that p 53 may be implicated in the initial stages of tumorigenesis and that increased expression of EGF and EGFR may play a role in thymoma progression . . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
This study was undertaken to see if estrogen and thyroid hormone affected EGF receptor ( EGF R ) expression , proliferative activity and intracellular SCC levels in uterine cervical squamous carcinoma cells . ^^^ Effects of E 2 or T 3 on the characteristics of EGF R were assessed by the Scatchard analysis of the binding assay with 125I EGF . ^^^ Cellular levels of EGF R expression were examined by the immunoperoxidase method with a monoclonal antibody to EGF R . ^^^ The scatchard analysis of 125I EGF binding to CaSki cells showed that the addition of E 2 or T 3 had little effect on the affinity of EGF R for CaSki cells but increased the capacity of EGF R for the cells . ^^^ Immunocytochemical staining with anti EGF R antibody demonstrated that EGF R expression in the CaSki cells was augmented by the addition of E 2 or T 3 . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
The authors ' investigations demonstrate that the function of the EGFR in glioblastomas is distinct from that in other human cancers because it does not appear to mediate the primary growth promoting effect of EGF . ^^^ Findings show that the level of EGFR expression does not directly predict the growth response to EGF , with growth stimulated in some cells but inhibited in others when cells were cultured in plastic dishes . ^^^ On the other hand , when human glioblastoma cells were placed in soft agar cultures , the cell line expressing the highest levels of the EGFR demonstrated considerable colony formation in response to EGF treatment . ^^^ These observations suggest that even though the overexpression of the EGFR did not confer a distinct growth advantage to glioma cells cultured on flat culture dishes , the ability of these cells to maintain anchorage independent growth in soft agar especially in response to EGF and retinoic acid is facilitated . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Our earlier investigations of the biology of the epidermal growth factor receptor ( EGFR ) in human gliomas demonstrated that the level of EGFR expression did not directly predict the glioma growth response to EGF , suggesting that the function of the EGFR in glioblastomas might not be limited to mediating the growth effects of EGF . ^^^ These investigations show that the EGFR mediates the stimulative effects of EGF on glial process extension and glial fibrillary acidic protein ( GFAP ) expression . ^^^ Our results suggest that the EGFR in gliomas may participate in mediating the process extension and GFAP stimulative effects of both EGF and other differentiation promoting agents . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
The expression of epidermal growth factor receptor ( EGFR ) , epidermal growth factor ( EGF ) , transforming growth factor alpha ( TGF alpha ) and the labeling index of proliferating cell nuclear antigen ( PCNA LI ) were examined immunohistochemically in 288 gastric cancer patients , and the relationships between these results and the lymph node metastasis were studied . ^^^ To investigate the relation between the expression of EGFR and PCNA LI , we divided the patients into the following three groups according to the immunohistochemical findings : group A , EGFR ( + ) ; group B , EGFR ( ) , and EGF ( + ) or TGF alpha ( + ) ; group C , EGFR ( ) , EGF ( ) and TGF alpha ( ) . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Two ligands for the epidermal growth factor receptor ( EGF R ) , EGF and transforming growth factor alpha ( TGF alpha ) , have recently been shown to influence the proliferation , differentiation or survival of diverse populations of fetal and neonatal neuronal and glial cells in culture . ^^^ These findings suggest that EGF , TGF alpha , or another EGF R ligand play a role in the regulation of similar cellular developmental events in vivo . ^^^ In the present study , in situ hybridization with an 35S labeled cRNA probe was used to determine if mRNA for EGF R is expressed in two principal germinal zones of the postnatal rat brain , the forebrain ventricular / subventricular zone and the cerebellar external granule layer . ^^^ Cells labeled with the EGF R cRNA were distributed throughout the subventricular zone , particularly in the dorsolateral aspect , from birth to adulthood , although the numbers of labeled cells as well as the density of hybridization diminished during development . ^^^ In the developing cerebellum , virtually all cells in the external granule layer were densely labeled with the EGF R cRNA , as were numerous perikarya throughout the molecular layer . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
The epidermal growth factor ( EGF ) induced endocytosis of its receptor is an obligatory pathway for the cellular regulation of the EGF specific receptor ( EGF R ) . ^^^ BNER 4 is a mouse Balb / 3T3 cell line transfected with human EGF R complementary DNA ( cDNA ) . ^^^ Indirect immunofluorescence study demonstrated that EGF R was mostly localized at the perinuclear region in BNER 4 cells at 60 min after EGF addition , whereas it was diffusely distributed throughout the cytoplasm in its 5 src transfectants . ^^^ Double indirect immunofluorescence study further confirmed that EGF R was localized in lysosomes in BNER 4 and B4 / src 13 cells at 60 min after EGF addition . ^^^ Nocodazole , which depolymerizes microtubules , altered the distribution of the lysosomes and EGF R in BNER 4 cells . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Therefore , renal expression of EGF receptor ( EGFR ) protein and mRNA was examined in an animal model for ARPKD , the C57BL / 6Jcpk / cpk ( CPK ) mouse . ^^^ EGFR mislocalization and overexpression may be mechanisms whereby the EGF like factors in cyst fluid stimulate cystogenesis through an autocrine paracrine cycle in ARPKD . . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
The oligonucleotides were a phosphodiester 15 mer antisense to the EGF receptor ( EGFR ) gene stop codon ( AEGFR 2 ) , the same sequence with three phosphorothioate linkages at each terminus ( AEGFR2S ) , a randomized 15 mer control of similar base composition to AEGFR 2 ( RC 15 ) , a 14 mer control derived from a symmetrized Escherichia coli lac operator ( LACM ) , and the 5 ' fluorescein labeled homologs of several of the above . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
However , we have previously described that IFN alpha induced growth inhibition of human epidermoid carcinoma cells is paralleled by up regulation of epidermal growth factor receptor ( EGF R ) . ^^^ Here we report that an increase in EGF R synthesis is detectable after 3 hr of exposure to cytostatic concentration of IFN alpha in epidermoid KB tumor cells . ^^^ In these experimental conditions IFN alpha does not depress and even potentiates EGF R function . ^^^ IFN alpha treated KB cells retain sensitivity to the cytotoxic activity of the anti EGF R 225 monoclonal antibody ( MAb ) , which acts through receptor blockade , and are sensitized to the growth promoting effect of EGF . ^^^ EGF induced tyrosine ( tyr ) phosphorylation both of total cellular protein extracts and of the immunoprecipitated EGF R is increased in IFN alpha treated cells . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Neu differentiation factor ( NDF , or heregulin ) and epidermal growth factor ( EGF ) are structurally related proteins that bind to distinct members of the ErbB family of receptor tyrosine kinases . ^^^ The extent of inhibition correlated with both receptor saturation and affinity of different NDF isoforms , and it was abolished upon overexpression of either EGF receptor or ErbB 2 . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
EGF acts on its placental target cells , i . e . the trophoblasts , via a specific receptor ( EGFR ) which belongs to the tyrosine kinase receptor family . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
This reagent was found in vitro to increase the drug toxicity on the epidermoid carcinoma cell line A 431 , which overexpresses the EGF R and , at the same time , to reduce DXR cytotoxicity on EGF R negative cells . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
EGF induced actin polymerization depends upon EGF receptor ( EGFR ) tyrosine kinase activity , since the selective tyrosine kinase inhibitor AG 213 abolishes EGF induced actin polymerization . ^^^ These data demonstrate that EGF induced actin polymerization localizes to the activated EGFR in the membrane skeleton , independent of the cytosolic free calcium transient . . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
EGFR was determined , before treatment ; in tumors biopsies obtained from 109 consecutive patients with head and neck cancer ( 100 men and nine women ) , using iodine labelled recombinant EGF . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Human colon cancer ( Moser ) cells produce and secrete epidermal growth factor ( EGF ) and respond to EGF via an autocrine / paracrine mode through the cell surface EGF receptor ( EGFR ) . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
To delineate the intracellular mechanisms mediating these growth factor effects , we studied the specific role of the epidermal growth factor receptor ( EGF R ) , the common receptor for both ligands , as an activated tyrosine kinase in TC formation and nephrogenesis . ^^^ Fetal murine metanephric explants were incubated for 120 hours in control , and EGF ( 15 ng / ml ) / TGF alpha ( 10 ng / ml ) supplemented medium with and without EGF R blocking monoclonal antibody ( 50 mg / ml ) , or tyrosine kinase inhibitor . ^^^ EGF R tyrosine kinase inhibition was achieved by incubation with a synthetic tyrphostin ( TP B 42 ) ( 0 . 1 microM ) or genestein ( 5 . 5 micrograms / ml ) . ^^^ Inhibiting the ligand EGF R interaction with EGF R blocking monoclonal antibody abolished all growth factor induced effects and resulted in increased amounts of undifferentiated mesenchyme and decreased distal nephron differentiation . ^^^ Inhibition of EGF R tyrosine kinase activity with either Tyrphostin B 42 or genestein blocked TC formation and produced nodular blastemal hyperplasia and decreased distal nephron differentiation . . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Increased expression of EGF receptor ( EGFR ) in metastases of human mammary carcinoma as compared to cells of the primary cancer suggests a contribution of EGFR to mammary carcinoma metastasis . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Only 2 ( 9 % ) were PDGF R alpha type positive , 13 ( 59 % ) were EGF R positive . ^^^ EGF R was present in almost half and progesterone receptor in most of the meningiomas . ^^^ There was no correlation between the expression of either PDGF , PDGF R or EGF R and the expression of progesterone receptor protein . . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
We studied a patient with the incomplete form of pachydermoperiostosis , assessing epidermal growth factor receptor ( EGF R ) and sex hormone steroid receptors ( SR ) in the affected skin , and also evaluating the urinary excretion of EGF . ^^^ EGF R was also undetectable , and the urinary excretion of EGF was elevated . ^^^ The SR EGF R system could therefore be involved in determining hypertrophy of the affected tissues . . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
The epidermal growth factor receptor ( EGF R ) is a 170 , 000 dalton glycoprotein which binds equally to EGF and transforming growth factor alpha ( TGF alpha ) , a constituent closely homologous to EGF . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Inhibition of EGF induced c fos expression by microgravity occurs downstream of the initiation of EGF induced signal transduction , i . e . , EGF binding and EGFR redistribution . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Unregulated expression of epidermal growth factor receptor ( EGF R ) is a common event in neoplastic transformation and has been shown to be associated with melanocytic tumor progression . ^^^ We have studied EGF R expression , its response to epidermal growth factor ( EGF ) and modulation effects by interferon gamma ( IFN gamma ) on human melanoma cells . ^^^ Addition of EGF , anti EGF and anti EGF R antibodies had no effect on proliferation of six melanoma cell lines tested . ^^^ We report in this communication that EGF R expression on human melanoma cells can be modulated by IFN gamma . ^^^ In the melanoma cell lines treated with IFN gamma , proliferative behavior was not affected ; however , we demonstrate a downregulation of EGF R expression on the protein level , by immunohistochemistry and flow cytometric analysis , and an accumulation of EGF R mRNA by Northern blot analysis . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Gene amplification of erbB genes in human malignant gliomas was restricted to the EGF receptor ( EGFR ) gene , erbB 1 . ^^^ Expression of the ERBB 2 protein was present in 54 % ( 20 / 37 ) but immunoreactivity was much weaker than for EGF receptor and in most cases barely detectable by Western analysis and immunocytochemistry . ^^^ Of the three erbB genes only gene amplification and overexpression of the EGF receptor seems to have an impact on tumor progression of human gliomas . ^^^ Our data from immunohistochemistry indicate that ERBB 2 expression in GBM is closely correlated with EGF receptor levels and is therefore not useful as an independent prognostic parameter . . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Deduced amino acid sequence of mouse EGF receptor ( EGFr ) shows a 92 % and 76 % homology to corresponding regions in the human and the chicken EGFr , respectively . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
EGF , TGF alpha and EGFR expression in human preimplantation embryos . ^^^ Epidermal growth factor ( EGF ) and transforming growth factor alpha ( TGF alpha ) through their common receptor , epidermal growth factor receptor ( EGFR ) are known to enhance mitogenesis , development and implantation in several species . ^^^ To study the role of EGF , TGF alpha and EGFR in early human development , two methods applicable for analysis of expression at the single embryo level have been employed . ^^^ Monoclonal TGF alpha and polyclonal EGF and EGFR primary antibodies were used . ^^^ Transcripts for EGF , TGF alpha and EGFR were detected in unfertilized oocytes and embryos between 8 cell and blastocyst stages on day 3 to 6 post insemination . ( ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS ) . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
This study examined the effect of exogenous IGF 1 on the DNA synthesis and EGF receptor ( EGF R ) activation in postischemic rat kidneys . ^^^ EGF R tyrosine phosphorylation ( which reflects receptor activation ) increased in postischemic kidneys in both NS Tx ( n = 5 ) and IGF 1 Tx ( n = 3 ) groups 1 day after the injury as compared with nonischemic contralateral kidneys . ^^^ In the IGF 1 Tx group there was also increased iodine 125 labeled EGF binding and EGF R protein . ^^^ Furthermore , they suggest that EGF R activation is involved in tubular regeneration and that IGF 1 may enhance EGF R activation by increasing EGF R expression . . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Stimulation of LMP 1 expressing C33A cells with epidermal growth factor ( EGF ) caused rapid tyrosine phosphorylation of the EGFR ( pp 170 ) as well as several other proteins , including pp 120 , pp 85 , pp 75 , and pp 55 , indicating that the EGFR induced by LMP 1 is functional . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
The constitutive tyrosine kinase activity of the epidermal growth factor receptor from rat liver , isolated by calmodulin affinity chromatography , was activated by concanvalin A ( ConA ) , and wheat germ agglutinin ( WGA ) to a similar extent as the measured enhancement induced by EGF . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Gene expression of growth factors including epidermal growth factor ( EGF ) , transforming growth factor alpha ( TGF alpha ) , epidermal growth factor receptor ( EGFR ) , oncogenes such as c myc , N ras , c erbB 2 and tumor suppressor gene P 53 were studied in 4 human lung cancer cell lines using Northern blot technique . ^^^ After treating the cancer cells with EGF , anti EGF and anti EGFR antibodies , EGF was found to exert a mild stimulating effect on the growth of one cell line , but no effect on the other cell lines . ^^^ Anti EGF and anti EGFR antibodies inhibited the cell growth on all cell lines . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
We studied the modification of the expression of epidermal growth factor ( EGF ) , of its receptor ( EGF R ) , and of androgen receptor ( AR ) in the LNCaP cell line , under basal conditions and during androgen ( R 1881 ) and antiandrogen hydroxy flutamide ( OH FLU ) treatment . ^^^ The Scatchard plot analysis of EGF R binding revealed two classes of binding sites with high and low affinity . ^^^ Both androgen and antiandrogen administration led to a significant increase of the EGF R high affinity component . ^^^ Our data show that EGF R binding capacity is the only parameter constantly raised in cell proliferation with respect to quiescent cells , and highlights the nonunivocal action of OH FLU on androgen induced effects . . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
The present study is the first to quantify and compare alterations in hepatic EGFR levels in female Sprague Dawley rats 7 days after a single oral gavage dose of TCDD ( 0 , 1 , 5 , 25 , and 50 micrograms / kg ) using three different techniques : ( 1 ) equilibrium receptor binding , ( 2 ) EGF induced receptor autophosphorylation , and ( 3 ) Western blot detection with a rabbit anti rat EGFR polyclonal antibody . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Serum oestradiol , prolactin and progesterone levels , tumour epidermal growth factor receptor ( EGFR ) levels , tumour epidermal growth factor ( EGF ) levels and flow cytometry were measured . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
To determine if immunohistochemical detection of growth factors and / or their receptors correlates with morphological alterations in proliferative lesions of thyroid , we examined the localization of epidermal growth factor ( EGF ) , transforming growth factor alpha ( TGF alpha ) and their common receptor , EGF receptor ( EGF R ) , insulin like growth factor 1 ( IGF 1 ) , IGF 1 receptor ( IGF R ) and IGF binding proteins ( IGFBP ) 1 , 2 , 3 , and 4 , nerve growth factor ( NGF ) , and its receptor NGF receptor ( NGF R ) , transforming growth factor beta ( TGF beta ) , and basic fibroblast growth factor ( bFGF ) , in normal thyroid tissue and various thyroid tumors . ^^^ EGF , TGF alpha , and their receptor EGF R were widely expressed in normal thyroid and in all the thyroid lesions examined . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
A 431 cells were pretreated with the monoclonal antibody mAb 2E9 that specifically blocks EGF binding to the predominant population of low affinity EGFR ( 15 ) . ^^^ These results are in accordance with prior studies indicating that binding of EGF leads to a fast and temperature dependent microclustering of EGFR , but suggest in addition that the high affinity functional subclass of receptors on quiescent A 431 cells are present in a predimerized or oligomerized state . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Constitutive phosphorylation of eps 8 in tumor cell lines : relevance to malignant transformation . eps 8 , a recently identified tyrosine kinase substrate , has been shown to augment epidermal growth factor ( EGF ) responsiveness , implicating it in EGF receptor ( EGFR ) mediated mitogenic signaling . ^^^ In NIH 3T3 cells overexpressing EGFR ( NIH EGFR ) , eps 8 becomes rapidly phosphorylated upon EGF stimulation . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Following ligand binding , the epidermal growth factor receptor ( EGF R ) autophosphorylates itself on tyrosine residues located in its carboxyl terminus ; in vitro , three sites are highly phosphorylated , while two other sites are phosphorylated to lesser extents . ^^^ In vitro , both of these proteins were found to bind to Src phosphorylated EGF R with approximately 100 fold greater affinity than to autophosphorylated EGF R , demonstrating that Src creates new sites for SH 2 binding . ^^^ Furthermore , Csk inactivated Src was activated by interaction with Src phosphorylated EGF R but not by autophosphorylated EGF R . ^^^ Upon EGF treatment of MCF 7 or three colorectal carcinoma cell lines ( WiDr , DLD 1 , and LS174T ) , the EGF R coimmunoprecipitated with both p 85 alpha and Src . ^^^ Evidence is also presented that suggests that an EGF R related protein , ErbB 2 , may be involved in similar Src mediated interactions . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Epidermal growth factor ( EGF ) treatment causes autophosphorylation of the epidermal growth factor receptor ( EGFR ) leading to increased guanine nucleotide exchange factor ( GEF ; Sos ) activity and enhanced formation of p21ras GTP . ^^^ Similarly , more Grb 2 was associated with Shc than with EGFR after EGF stimulation . ^^^ Immunoprecipitation of Shc from EGF stimulated cells removed almost all EGFR associated Grb 2 . ^^^ Furthermore , immunodepletion of Shc proteins from membrane fractions of EGF stimulated cells removed 93 % of the ras GEF activity , whereas , precipitation of EGFR had only a small effect on ras GEF activity . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
The purpose of this study was to determine the presence of epidermal growth factor receptor and its potential ligands epidermal growth factor ( EGF ) and transforming growth factor alpha ( TGF alpha ) in the tissues of the maturing follicles in the ovary of laying ISA Brown hens using peptide specific immunohistochemical methods . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Finally , neurons from this area also exhibit two different EGF R types with dissociation constants similar to those described for astrocytes . ^^^ These EGF R bearing cells may be potential targets for this growth factor or for transforming growth factor alpha in this brain area . . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
The association of phosphoinositide specific phospholipase C gamma and 66 kDa protein to EGFR was observed in the A 431 cells with or without the EGF treatment . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
BACKGROUND : The epidermal growth factor receptor ( EGFr ) binds both epidermal growth factor ( EGF ) and transforming growth factor alpha ( TGF alpha ) , which are currently considered among putative growth factors playing a role in the nervous system . ^^^ CONCLUSIONS : Present results demonstrate that human cutaneous nerves and sensory corpuscles express EGFr suggesting a role for peptides able to bind EGFr , i . e . , EGF and TGF alpha , in the human peripheral nervous sensory system . . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Primary and metastatic ovarian cystadenocarcinomas , carcinomas of low malignant potential ( borderline tumors ) , benign ovarian cystadenomas , and normal ovaries were compared for immunoperoxidase detection of the ligands epidermal growth factor ( EGF ) , transforming growth factor alpha ( TGF alpha ) , amphiregulin ( AR ) , cripto , and the receptors , epidermal growth factor receptor ( EGF R ) , and c erbB 2 . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Epidermal growth factor ( EGF ) , its related peptide transforming growth factor ( TGF alpha ) and their common receptor ( EGFR ) have been implicated in the control of cell proliferation and differentiation in the gastrointestinal epithelium and may play an important role in gastric carcinogenesis . ^^^ We observed : ( 1 ) increased and extended expression of TGF alpha in normal mucosa and hyperplasia in carcinoma fields compared with non cancer controls ; ( 2 ) increased expression of EGFR in intestinal metaplasia ( IM ) from carcinoma fields compared with controls ; ( 3 ) EGF expression was not detected in normal mucosa and only weakly in IM ; ( 4 ) coexpression of TGF alpha / EGFR and EGF / EGFR was higher in intestinal metaplasia in carcinoma fields than in non cancer controls . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
The FET cell line requires exogenous TGF alpha / EGF for optimal growth and has a classical TGF alpha autocrine loop which is disrupted by TGF alpha or epidermal growth factor receptor ( EGFr ) antibodies . ^^^ The HCT 116 cell line is not dependent on exogenous TGF alpha / EGF and exhibits a nonclassical TGF alpha autocrine loop which is not disrupted by neutralizing antibodies to either TGF alpha itself or the EGFr . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Because epidermal growth factor ( EGF ) , transforming growth factor alpha ( TGF alpha ) , and epidermal growth factor receptor ( EGFR ) have been implicated in the regulation of adrenocortical function , we used immunohistochemistry and in situ hybridization of EGF and TGF alpha to study 41 specimens of human adrenal cortex , including 10 normal specimens , 15 aldosteronomas , five Cushing ' s adenomas , six adrenocortical incidentalomas , and five carcinomas to determine what role these growth factors play in controlling human adrenocortical function . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Parental NR 6 cells , which lack endogenous EGFr , and a derivitive cell line NR6M721 , which expresses EGFr lacking tyrosine kinase activity , showed low levels of E cadherin expression with or without stimulation with EGF . ^^^ In contrast , the derivative NR6c ' 973 cell line , which expresses an active EGFr defective in EGF induced internalization and down regulation and NR 6 cells expressing wild type EGFr showed strong E cadherin expression . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Epidermal growth factor ( EGF ) is a mitogenic peptide that binds to surface membrane receptors ( EGFR ) of breast cancer cells . ^^^ The activity of the EGF / EGFR system can be modulated by a variety of chemically unrelated compounds including cytostatic agents . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Other members of the spitz group and the EGF receptor also interact with sev rho , in a pattern that suggests a model in which rhomboid can act as a mediator of a ligand receptor interaction between spitz and Egfr in the developing eye . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Initial time course and dose response studies showed that epidermal growth factor ( EGF ) induced autophosphorylation of the EGF receptor ( EGF R ) in these cells was maximal 5 min after exposure to 75 ng / ml EGF . ^^^ Mammary epithelial cells displaying little or no growth during their first 2 days in primary culture cells were found to contain low levels of EGF R . ^^^ However , EGF induced autophosphorylation of the EGF R in these cells was extremely intense . ^^^ Subsequent studies demonstrated that during the proliferative and plateau phases of growth , EGF R levels progressively increased , while conversely EGF induced autophosphorylation of the EGF R decreased over time in primary culture . ^^^ These results demonstrate that EGF R levels and autophosphorylation do not show a direct correlation with mammary epithelial cell mitogen responsiveness . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
NA
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
NA
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
NA
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
NA
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
To ascertain whether a related receptor could also trigger this response , the epidermal growth factor ( EGF ) receptor ( EGFR ) was introduced into adipocytes . 3T3 L 1 fibroblasts were infected by a retroviral construct encoding either the full length ( WT ) or a carboxy terminal truncated ( c ' 973 ) human EGFR ; truncation of the amino acids distal to 973 removes all autophosphorylation motifs . ^^^ Glucose transport in the WT EGFR adipocytes was stimulated equivalently by insulin and EGF ; exposure to insulin and EGF in combination did not result in augmented transport . ^^^ Glucose transport in the c ' 973 EGFR adipocytes was stimulated by insulin , but not by EGF . ^^^ GLUT 4 was translocated to the plasma membrane to a similar extent in response to insulin or EGF in the WT EGFR adipocytes ; only insulin caused a significant GLUT 4 translocation in the parental or c ' 973 EGFR adipocytes . ^^^ These data suggest that the insulin and EGF signaling pathways that lead to glucose transport converge in these adipocytes down stream of the insulin receptor , and that activation of this pathway requires signaling motifs in the carboxy terminus of the EGFR . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Epidermal growth factor ( EGF ) is a potent mitogen for sheep pituitary cells but the factors controlling the binding and expression of EGF and its receptor ( EGFR ) in the pituitary are poorly understood . ^^^ Regulation of EGF binding and EGFR gene expression may determine cellular responsiveness to EGF and could play a role in neoplastic development . ^^^ Exposure of the cultured cells to some target gland hormones of the pituitary ( oestrogen , tri iodothyronine and hydrocortisone ) , pituitary growth factors ( EGF , basic fibroblast growth factor , transforming growth factor beta ) and a tumour promoting phorbol ester ( TPA ) resulted in an increase in the binding affinity of the high affinity receptors while reducing the receptor number and also a reduction of EGFR mRNA levels , shown by Northern blot analysis . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
The effects of cytostatic agents on proliferation and epidermal growth factor receptor ( EGF R ) expression were examined in the ovarian carcinoma cell line OVCAR 3 . ^^^ Treatment of OVCAR 3 cells with cisplatin , etoposide or epirubicin for two hours resulted in a marked augmentation of EGF R expression and growth inhibition , on the other hand , incubation with substances blocking RNA or protein synthesis , actinomycin D and cycloheximide , resulted in a reduction of both EGF R expression and growth rate . ^^^ An up regulation of EGF R has thus been shown only for DNA affecting agents , but not for those inhibiting transcription or translation . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Oleic acid blocks EGF induced [ Ca2+ ] 1 release without altering cellular metabolism in fibroblast EGFR T 17 . ^^^ EGFR T 17 cells were pretreated with oleic acid and 5 10 minutes later stimulated with EGF , to study if early ionic signals are instrumental in inducing metabolic cellular response . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
NA
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
NA
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Heparin binding EGF ( HB EGF ) , a newly discovered member of the EGF family of mitogens , binds to the EGF receptor ( EGFR ) and to heparan sulfate proteoglycans on the cell surface . ^^^ Here , we show that the binding of HB EGF to the EGFR is inhibited by mAbs which prevent the interaction of EGF and TGF alpha with the receptor . ^^^ Also , we show that , like EGF and TGF alpha , treatment with HB EGF inhibits the growth in vitro of tumours ( HN 5 , HSC 4 ) that overexpress the EGFR . ^^^ We conclude that mAbs which act as EGF and TGF alpha antagonists should also be effective therapeutic agents for blocking the growth of EGFR overexpressing tumours induced by HB EGF . . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Epidermal growth factor receptor antibodies ( 1 microgram / ml ) abolished EGF mediated stimulation of invasion and growth completely and that of TGF alpha by 93 % . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Human adenocarcinomas are frequently characterized by over expression of members of the epidermal growth factor ( EGF ) receptor family ( ErbB 1 , 2 , 3 and 4 ) , when compared with normal cells . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Gene expression of EGFR , EGF and TGF alpha in human colonic carcinoma cell lines ] . ^^^ Gene expression of epidermal growth factor receptor ( EGFR ) , epidermal growth factor ( EGF ) and transforming growth factor alpha ( TGF alpha ) in human colonic carcinoma cell lines ( HT 10 , LST 174 and Lovo ) was studied by using Northern blot technique . ^^^ Total RNAs were isolated from these cell lines , separated by 1 % agarose gel electrophoresis , transferred onto a membrane and hybridized with EGFR , EGF and TGF alpha probes . ^^^ EGF and EGFR mRNAs were found in all three cell lines , and TGF alpha mRNA was seen in LST 174 and HT 10 cell lines but not in Lovo . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Mouse EGF ( mEGF ) , human EGF ( hEGF ) , and transforming growth factor alpha ( TGF alpha ) bind to the human EGF receptor ( EGFR ) with similar affinities at pH 7 . 4 . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
The role of products of c erbB 1 ( 170 kDa , receptor for epidermal growth factor [ EGF ] ) and c abl proto oncogenes ( 150 kDa ) was examined by in vitro culturing murine embryos in the presence of monoclonal antibodies to respective protein products and by co culturing with EGF , the ligand for EGF receptor ( EGF R ) . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Overexpression of the EGF receptor in breast cancer correlates with poor prognosis and failure on endocrine therapy for both ER / EGFR+ and ER+ / EGFR+ tumors , suggesting a role for EGFR in the progression to hormone independence . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
NA
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
NA
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
NA
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
NA
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
To elucidate the effect of ionizing radiation on the membrane anchored signal transduction , the binding of 125I epidermal growth factor ( EGF ) to its receptor ( EGF R ) and the EGF dependent EGF R tyrosine phosphorylation were examined in a human squamous cell carcinoma cell line , A 431 . ^^^ In contrast , the level of EGF dependent EGF R tyrosine phosphorylation was not decreased , compared with non irradiated cells . ^^^ These results suggest that ionizing radiation may modulate the function of EGF / EGF R interaction through the direct activation of protein kinase C . . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
In NIH 3T3 or NR 6 cells transfected with wild type EGF R and incubated at 37 degrees C or heat shocked at 46 degrees C , EGF binds to its receptor and stimulates receptor autophosphorylation to equivalent extents . ^^^ When cells containing chimeric receptors composed of the EGF R extracellular domain and intracellular domain of erbB 2 were heat stressed , 125I EGF bound to the receptors , but did not stimulate receptor autophosphorylation . ^^^ Insertion of the erbB 2 tyrosine kinase domain into the EGF R confers heat stress sensitivity to the resultant chimeric receptor . ^^^ Thus , although the EGF R and erbB 2 kinase domains show a high degree of homology , the secondary / tertiary structures of these domains would seem to be stabilized in distinct manners . . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Expression of the growth factors ( EGF , EGFR , and TGF alpha ) and PCNA in superspreading and penetrating types of gastric carcinomas ] . ^^^ Expression of EGF , EGFR , TGF alpha , and PCNA in resected gastric carcinomas ( 15 cases of superspreading type and 25 cases of penetrating type ) was immunohistochemically studied to understand biological features of these two types of gastric carcinomas . ^^^ EGF , EGFR , and TGF alpha positive cases were preferentially found in the penetrating type rather than in the superspreading type ( p < 0 . 05 ) . ^^^ One case of the superspreading type and 13 cases of the penetrating type were either EGF ( + ) or TGF alpha ( + ) , and EGFR ( + ) , and the incidence in the latter type was significantly higher than that in the former type ( p < 0 . 05 ) , suggesting that growth and invasion of carcinoma cells , especially in the penetrating type , may depend on `` autocrine mechanism ' ' . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
The SV 40 T antigen transfected human thyroid cell line SGHTL 34 was used to investigate the effect of thyrotropin ( TSH ) , insulin like growth factor 1 ( IGF 1 ) and epidermal growth factor ( EGF ) on c fos and c erbB / EGF receptor ( EGF R ) mRNA expression and their role in human thyroid cell proliferation . ^^^ SGHTL 34 cells produced high levels of transforming growth factor alpha ( TGF alpha ) and c erbB / EGF R mRNA , also seen in thyroid papillary carcinomas . ^^^ Our data show that the c erbB / EGF R mRNA level is regulated by growth factors and hormones in the SGHTL 34 cell line . ^^^ The SGHTL 34 cells may therefore represent a useful model system for studying the role of TGF alpha and EGF R in thyroid carcinogenesis . . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
NA
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Moreover , the normal responses of EGFR to ligand were significantly suppressed , e . g . , loss of EGF dependent transformation , reduced rate of receptor endocytosis and turnover , diminished DNA synthesis , and decreased EGF binding affinity . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Immunohistochemical studies were performed to clarify the significance of the expression or overexpression of epidermal growth factor ( EGF ) , EGF receptor ( EGFR ) , p 53 , 5 erb B , ras p 21 in 23 cases each of tubular adenoma and adenocarcinoma . ^^^ The expression of EGF , EGFR , p 53 , 5 erb B , and ras p 21 in paraffin embedded tissues , from 46 patients with colorectal tumors ( adenoma : 23 cases ; 14 mild dysplasia , six moderate dysplasia , three severe dysplasia , adenocarcinoma : 23 cases ; 17 well differentiated , two moderately differentiated , three poorly differentiated , one mucinous carcinoma was analyzed immunohistochemically using anti EGF , EGFR , p 53 , 5 erb B and ras p 21 antibodies . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Hyperplastic nodules ( HPN ) predominantly consisting of cells with cytoplasmic type staining showed expansive growth with more abundant expression of EGF receptors ( EGFR ) and proliferating cell nuclear antigen ( PCNA ) than those with the membranous localization . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
A method for the purification , conjugation , and use of EGF R antibody to quantify EGF receptors on tumour cells by flow cytometry is described . ^^^ The quantification of both internal and external EGF receptors was determined by treatment with saponin , rendering the cells permeable to the EGF R antibody . ^^^ Using QCS bead standards , the number of EGF R binding sites per cell was assessed . ^^^ Results were compared with conventional EGF R quantification using a radio ligand binding assay . ^^^ The flow cytometric method for EGF R quantification described is simple , rapid , and reproducible . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
In order to study this binding interaction in detail , we produced the extracellular domain of the EGF receptor ( EGFR ) using the baculovirus expression system . ^^^ The apparent dissociation constant ( Kd ) of the secreted EGFR extracellular domain for EGF and transforming growth factor alpha ( TGF alpha ) , as determined using an immobilized receptor binding assay , was approximately 200 nM . ^^^ The stoichiometry of binding of the EGFR extracellular domain to EGF and TGF alpha was examined by band shift analysis on non denaturing PAGE and was estimated to be 1 : 1 . ^^^ However , these residues do not contribute directly to ligand binding since the affinity of the mutated EGFR extracellular domain for EGF and TGF alpha was unaffected . . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
The kinetics of the EGF receptor ( EGFR ) autophosphorylation and of the phosphorylation by EGFR of a fusion protein ( Fp ( SH 2 ) ) derived from PLC gamma 1 with two SH 2 domains were studied employing purified EGFR or membrane bound preparations of native and truncated EGFR . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
The presence of EGF receptors ( EGF R ) was investigated in ductal PD and PI tumor lines and compared with 8 PI tumor lines of lobular origin . ^^^ A significant difference in EGF R content was found between lobular and ductal tumors . ^^^ No increase in EGF R was noted when ductal tumors became autonomous . ^^^ EGF R did not correlate with tumor growth rate and there was an inverse correlation between EGF R and steroid receptors . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Epidermal growth factor ( EGF ) and type alpha transforming growth factor ( TGF alpha ) bind to a specific region in subdomain 3 of the extracellular portion of the EGF receptor ( EGFR ) . ^^^ We compared the binding and biological actions of EGF and TGF alpha in Chinese hamster ovary ( CHO ) cells expressing either wild type human EGFR ( HER497R ) or a variant EGFR that has an arginine to lysine substitution in the extracellular domain at codon 497 ( HER497K ) within subdomain 4 of EGFR . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
The reduced concentration of EGF in voided urine supports previous evidence that the urinary EGF / urothelial EGF R interaction is important for TCC development and growth , and has the potential to serve as a marker of tumor persistence , recurrence , and therapeutic response . . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Immunoprecipitation and immunoblotting revealed the expression of two possible receptor molecules , EGF R and p185erbB 2 , in HSG cells . ^^^ Northern blotting also revealed the co expression of 5 . 6 kb EGF R mRNA and 4 . 6 kb c erb B 2 mRNA . ^^^ When the purified EGF like molecule was added to the cultures , EGF R but not p185erbB 2 was autophosphorylated . ^^^ These results suggest that , although both EGF R and p185erbB 2 are co expressed in HSG cells , the EGF R is the genuine receptor for the EGF like molecule . ^^^ This possibility was examined by using specific antibodies to human EGF R ( hEGF R ) , p185erbB 2 , and EGF to inhibit the functions of these molecules . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Malignant cells frequently acquire a certain independency of exogenous growth factors via the coexpression of epidermal growth factor receptor ( EGFR ) and epidermal growth factor ( EGF ) related molecules . ^^^ Four well characterised cell lines are analysed for their responsiveness to exogenous EGF and transforming growth factor alpha ( TGF alpha ) as well as for coexpression of EGFR and EGF / TGF alpha . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
The cell line was shown to possess a single , high affinity binding site for epidermal growth factor receptor ( EGF ) with a Kd of 3 . 09 + / 1 . 39 nM ( mean + / SD , n = 6 ) and binding of 845 + / 311 fmol / mg protein ( mean + / SD , n = 6 ) . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
The aim of this study was to determine the potential role of epidermal growth factor ( EGF ) , transforming growth factor alpha ( TGF alpha ) , and their receptor ( EGF R ) in PDR development . ^^^ Immunostaining for EGF , TGF alpha , and EGF R was compared between normal retina , PDR retina , and PDR preretinal membranes . ^^^ Weak staining for EGF and EGF R was observed throughout the neural retina from non diabetic eyes while weak to moderate staining for TGF alpha was observed in the ganglion cell layer and the inner and outer nuclear layers . ^^^ In contrast , intense staining for EGF and TGF alpha and moderate staining for EGF R were observed throughout the PDR retina . ^^^ Immunoreactivity for EGF , TGF alpha , and EGF R was seen in the majority of the 11 excised membranes studied and , though variable , was generally greater than that observed in normal retinas . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Expression of EGF , TGF alpha , EGFR and c erbB 2 genes and their gene products in human pancreatic carcinoma cell lines . ^^^ The expression of mRNA for epidermal growth factor ( EGF ) , transforming growth factor alpha ( TGF alpha ) , EGF receptor ( EGFR ) and c erbB 2 genes and the immunoreactivity to these gene products were examined in 3 newly established human pancreatic carcinoma cell lines and their corresponding in vivo tumor lines using the Northern blot technique and the immunohistochemical method . ^^^ All 3 cell lines expressed TGF alpha , EGFR and 2 of the 3 lines expressed EGF and c erbB 2 mRNAs . ^^^ The immunohistochemical study showed immunoreactivity to EGF , TGF alpha and EGFR in all these 3 cell lines and their corresponding in vivo tumor lines . ^^^ These results indicate that the autocrine loop of EGF and / or TGF alpha / EGFR in pancreatic carcinoma cells may be one of the important reasons for the uncontrolled growth of the pancreatic carcinoma . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
We investigated the potential role of epidermal growth factor ( EGF ) related growth factors in regulating uterine and embryonic development in this species by studying the status of EGF receptor ( EGF R ) in these tissues during delayed implantation and resumption of embryonic development . ^^^ The cell specific distribution of EGF binding sites and the expression of EGF R mRNA were assayed by autoradiography and Northern blot analysis , respectively . ^^^ The size of EGF R was determined by affinity cross linking studies , and its bioactivity was examined by determining EGF dependent subcellular protein tyrosine kinase ( PTK ) activity . ^^^ As examined by Northern blot hybridization , a cRNA probe specific to mouse EGF R hybridized to poly ( A ) + RNA of skunk uteri . ^^^ Transcripts similar to those of mouse uterine EGF R were identified . [ 125I ] EGF was cross linked to a 170 kDa protein both in the uterus and in blastocysts collected during the delayed implantation and periimplantation periods . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
It is proposed that acid pretreatment , freshly prepared membranes , addition of aprotinin and the use of hydroxylapatite , for the separation of bound and free radiolabelled EGF , should be used in order to standardize the EGFR assay in clinical laboratories . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Down regulation of Drosophila Egf r mRNA levels following hyperactivated receptor signaling . ^^^ In the case of the EGF Receptor ( EGF R ) , exposure to EGF or TGF alpha results in internalization of up to 95 % of the surface receptor pool within 5 minutes of exposure to ligand . ^^^ In this report , we show that levels of Drosophila Egf r mRNA are strongly down regulated in epidermal cells likely to have recently undergone high levels of EGF R signaling . ^^^ The cells in which Egf r mRNA levels are down regulated express the rhomboid gene , which is thought to locally amplify EGF R signaling . ^^^ Widespread Egf r mRNA down regulation can be induced by ubiquitous expression of rhomboid or by eliminating the Gap 1 gene . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Its receptor ( EGFR or c erbB 1 ) , a cellular homologue of a viral oncoprotein erbB , is knonw to be overexpressed in many tumors , but little is known about the expression of EGF and EGFR in pituitary tumors . ^^^ Immunocytochemical analyses of EGF , EGFR , and c erbB 2 ( an EGFR related oncoprotein ) were carried out on paraffin embedded sections of 54 pituitary tumors . ^^^ EGF was coexpressed in the same NFT samples that stained positively for EGFR and was also found in 2 / 19 GH , 2 / 4 PRL , and 1 / 2 of TSH secreting tumors . ^^^ Because the overexpression of structurally intact EGFR was confined to NFT , the response of the tumor cells to EGF in vitro was examined . ^^^ EGF also stimulated EGFR messenger RNA levels , shown by Northern blot analysis . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Transforming growth factor alpha ( TGF alpha ) and epidermal growth factor ( EGF ) are structurally related peptides which bind to the same receptor , EGF R , and also exert similar effects . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
We recently have demonstrated that EGF receptor ( EGFR ) induced cell motility requires receptor kinase activity and autophosphorylation ( P . ^^^ Exposure to EGF ( 25 nM ) augmented PLC activity in all five EGFR mutant cell lines which also responded by increased cell movement . ^^^ All kinase active EGFR stimulated mitogen activated protein ( MAP ) kinase activity , regardless of whether the receptors induced cell movement ; this EGF induced MAP kinase activity was not affected by U 73122 at concentrations that depressed the motility response . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Epidermal growth factor ( EGF ) , a polypeptide with a potent mitogen activity , and its receptor [ EGFR ] have been previously identified in the kidney , but their expression in normal and diseased kidneys has not been fully elucidated . ^^^ The increased incidence of EGFR expression in FSG , in chronic rejection , in small adhesions with Bowman ' s capsule and fibrocellular crescents suggest that EGF / EGFR may be correlated with a disturbed extracellular matrix production resulting in formation of early sclerotic lesions . . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Androgen receptor ( AR ) and epidermal growth factor receptor ( EGF R ) content of each cell line was also investigated . ^^^ Furthermore , high levels of both EGF R and TGF alpha , and a fairly high amount of EGF , were found in DU 145 cells and , to a lesser extent , in LNCaP cells ; in contrast , PC 3 cells exhibited low expression levels of both receptors ( EGF R ) and ligands ( EGF , TGF alpha ) , but displayed remarkable TGF beta binding and relatively high levels of endogenous TGF beta . ^^^ Overall , these results suggest a differential sensitivity to TGF alpha and TGF beta by prostate cancer cells ; TGF alpha response seems not to be proportional to the EGF R content of individual cell lines . . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
The roles of epidermal growth factor ( EGF ) and epidermal growth factor receptor ( EGF R ) in the proliferation and progression of the epithelium of middle ear cholesteatoma were studied . ^^^ An attempt was made to elucidate the site and degree of localization of the EGF mRNA and EGF R mRNA in the epithelium of the cholesteatoma by means of the non radioactive in situ hybridization method . ^^^ The signal of the EGF R mRNA was observed along the basal cell layer in five of the six control specimens , while the signal was strongly expressed in all layers of the cholesteatoma epithelium in all ten specimens . ^^^ These findings suggest the possibilities that abnormal expression of the EGF R mRNA in nearly entire epithelial layers of cholesteatoma is due to overexpression of EGF R gene , and that there is a mechanism of epithelial basal cell proliferation through an autocrine regulatory system via EGF and EGF R . . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
EGF and TGF alpha ( EGF like peptide ) are produced in variable amounts and both bind to the EGF receptor ( EGF R ) . ^^^ Previous investigation in the laboratory measuring free and occupied EGF R sites by differential ligand binding assays had demonstrated that non occupied and total binding sites were present in 54 and 90 % of 216 breast tumor biopsies respectively . ^^^ EGF R appeared to be totally masked by endogenous ligand in 40 and 21 % of estrogen receptor positive and negative tumors respectively . ^^^ The aim of the present study was to check by a molecular method the expression of the EGF R gene . ^^^ Both signals were present in 88 of the 94 samples while the presence of EGF R was detected in 74 of them when assessed by radioligand assay . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
We detect the expression of epidermal growth factor ( EGF ) and epidermal growth factor receptor ( EGFR ) in 104 specimens of gastric cancer by avidin biotin peroxides complex technique ( ABC ) . ^^^ The positive rates of EGF , EGFR and synchronous EGF and EGFR were 35 . 6 % , 42 . 3 % , 30 . 8 % respectively . ^^^ The positive expression of EGF and EGFR to gastric cancer tissue was inclined to occur in patients who were in advanced stages , of poorly differentiated types , Borrmann 3 , 4 types , scirrhous type , seroinvasive type or lymph node metastasic types . ^^^ The patients with synchronous expression of EGF and EGFR had the worst prognosis . ^^^ It is indicated that EGF and EGFR could serve as biological indicators of gastric cancer malignancy and an index for evaluating , the prognosis of the patients with gastric cancer . . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Exponential monolayers showed decrease of EGFR content after 20 min pulses with 10 ng / ml EGF in medium , as detected with the antibody EGFR 1 in a double staining technique with propidium iodide for DNA evaluation . ^^^ Absolute receptor numbers were determined by Scatchard analysis with radioactive EGF and resulted in relatively low receptor numbers for both cell lines ( approximately 3 4 10 10 ( 4 ) EGFR / cell ) , as well as one affinity class . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
When wild type mouse embryo cells are stably transfected with a plasmid constitutively overexpressing the epidermal growth factor ( EGF ) receptor ( EGFR ) , the resulting cells can grow in serum free medium supplemented solely with EGF . ^^^ However , when the same EGFR expression plasmid is introduced and overexpressed in cells derived from littermate embryos in which the insulin like growth factor 1 ( IGF 1 ) receptor genes have been disrupted by homologous recombination , the resulting cells are unable to grow or to be transformed by the addition of EGF . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
A variety of cellular regulators , such as EGF , TGF alpha , phorbol esters , and steroid hormones , are capable of altering the level of EGFR expression in breast cells . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
In a retrospective study of 319 primary breast cancers , we show that an immunoenzymatic assay of a solubilized fraction of EGF receptors indicates a prognostic value for EGFR which is in contradiction with some ( but not all ) other studies . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
This study , therefore , attempts to define and correlate the physiological processes in the rat uterus following estrogen and tamoxifen administration with temporal events manifested by mRNA expression of protooncogenes ( m myc , c ras , c fos , c jun ) , growth factors and / or inhibins ( IGF 1 , IGF 2 , IGF 2 Exon 1 and Exon 2 ) , EGF , TGFB 1 , 2 , 3 ) , growth factor or inhibin receptors ( EGFr , TGFB 2r , TGFB 3r ) , and estrogen induced differentiative proteins including estrogen receptor ( ER ) , progesterone receptor ( PR ) . ^^^ Estrogen treatment resulted in rapid elevation of both EGF and EGFr mRNA levels , both of which were suppressed after tamoxifen treatment . ^^^ Tamoxifen may exert its antiestrogenic effects by inhibiting EGF and EGFr , and myc protooncogene activity on the one hand , and by overexpression of the TGFB isotypes and their receptors on the other hand . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction ( RT PCR ) revealed that the Fallopian tubes express epidermal growth factor ( EGF ) , transforming growth factor ( TGF alpha ) , and EGF receptor ( EGF R ) mRNA . ^^^ Immunohistochemically , EGF , TGF alpha , and EGF R were localized in Fallopian tubes by use of specific antibodies to human EGF , mature fragments of human TGF alpha , and monoclonal antibodies to the extracellular binding domain of EGF R . ^^^ The tubal epithelial cells were the primary site of immunoreactive EGF , TGF alpha , and EGF R , which were present to a lesser extent in the stromal cells , smooth muscle cell layers , fibroblasts of serosal tissue , and arterial endothelial and smooth muscle cells . ^^^ The ciliated and nonciliated epithelial cells in the ampullary and isthmus regions immunostained with similar intensity for EGF , TGF alpha , and EGF R . ^^^ The immunostaining for EGF , TGF alpha , and EGF R was cycle dependent , was considerably higher during late proliferative and early to mid secretory phases than during early proliferative and late secretory phases of the menstrual cycle , and was reduced during the postmenopausal period . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
HB EGF can bind to two loci on cell surfaces , heparan sulphate proteoglycans and EGF receptor ( EGF R ) , and either one or both of these interactions could play a role in cell cell interactions . ^^^ In vitro studies showed that HB EGF induced blastocyst EGF R autophosphorylation , and promoted blastocyst growth , zona hatching and trophoblast outgrowth . ^^^ These results suggest possible interactions between the uterine HB EGF and blastocyst EGF R very early in the process of implantation , earlier than any other embryo uterine interactions defined to date at the molecular level . . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
The 2 AAF induced growth inhibition was accompanied by downregulation of the number of epidermal growth factor ( EGF ) binding sites and decreased levels of EGFR transcripts , whereas no changes in the transforming growth factor alpha ( TGF alpha ) mRNA levels were observed . ^^^ The initial EGFR mRNA levels and number of EGF binding sites in nodules before 2 AAF administration was about 605 that of control livers and was slightly reduced by 2 AAF feeding . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Functional characterization of an EGF receptor with a truncated extracellular domain expressed in glioblastomas with EGFR gene amplification . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
NA
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
To understand how glomerular epithelial cell ( GEC ) proliferation may be regulated in health and disease , we studied the effects of type 1 collagen extracellular matrices ( ECM ) on EGF receptor ( EGF R ) activation in cultured rat GEC . ^^^ Significant and prolonged EGF R tyrosine autophosphorylation ( which reflects receptor kinase activation ) was induced by EGF in GEC adherent to collagen , but EGF did not stimulate EGF R autophosphorylation in GEC on plastic ( at 37 degrees C ) . ^^^ However , EGF R autophosphorylation increased significantly in plastic adherent GEC that were stimulated with EGF at 4 degrees C or in the presence of vanadate , an inhibitor of phosphotyrosine phosphatases . ^^^ Furthermore , dephosphorylation of EGF R was enhanced in GEC on plastic as compared with collagen . ^^^ At 4 degrees C , [ 125I ] EGF binding was not different between substrata , and there was negligible accumulation of intracellular [ 125I ] EGF ( which reflects EGF R internalization ) . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
The distribution of epidermal growth factor ( EGF ) and EGF receptor ( EGFR ) in adult human lung was examined by immunohistochemistry and immunoelectron microscopy . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
As a first approach to understanding the molecular basis by which HKc / GFI have lost their requirement for EGF , we compared EGF uptake and EGF receptor ( EGFR ) numbers in normal HKc , HKc / HPV16 , and HKc / GFI . ^^^ HKc / GFI exhibit increased EGF uptake and increased EGFR numbers compared to HKc / HPV16 . ^^^ A neutralizing antibody against the extracellular domain of the EGFR dramatically inhibited clonal growth of HKc / GFI , indicating that signaling through the EGFR must be important for the ability of HKc / GFI to proliferate in the absence of EGF . ^^^ In addition , while in the absence of EGF normal HKc and HKc / HPV16 exhibited no detectable EGFR tyrosine phosphorylation , the EGFRs in HKc / GFI were tyrosine phosphorylated in the absence of EGF and hyperphosphorylated in the presence of EGF . ^^^ Thus , while overexpression and constitutive activation of the EGFR appear to be important features of HKc / GFI , enhanced secretion of TGF alpha or other ligands for the EGFR does not explain the proliferation of HKc / GFI in the absence of EGF and BPE . . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
NA
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
NA
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
NA
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
NA
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
The prognostic value of epidermal growth factor receptor ( EGF R ) was prospectively assessed in a series of 229 clinical T 1 T2 , N 0 N1 breast carcinomas diagnosed between May 1987 and October 1989 . ^^^ EGF R expression was determined by measuring the specific Bmax of 125I EGF to tumor plasma membrane preparations . ^^^ Tumor with a Bmax > or = 3 fmol / mg of protein were considered positive with regard to EGF R expression . ^^^ With a median follow up of 34 months , the 3 year overall and disease free survivals are respectively 92 % and 88 % for EGF R < or = 3 , and 91 % and 86 % EGF R > 3 fmol , showing no significant difference , even when comparing axillary lymph node status . ^^^ We did not succeed in finding an EGF R cut off value which might be significant in univariate analysis . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Defects in the locus Egfr , encoding the Drosophila EGF receptor homologue ( DER ) , affect the development of the Malpighian tubules . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Amphiregulin is a heparin binding epidermal growth factor ( EGF ) related peptide that binds to the EGF receptor ( EGF R ) with high affinity . ^^^ Androgen is known to enhance EGF R expression in the androgen sensitive LNCaP human prostate carcinoma cell line , and it has been suggested that androgenic stimuli may regulate proliferation , in part , through autocrine mechanisms involving the EGF R . ^^^ We also show that ligand dependent EGF R stimulation induces amphiregulin expression and that androgenic effects on amphiregulin synthesis are mediated through this EGF R pathway . ^^^ Parallel studies using the estrogen responsive breast carcinoma cell line , MCF 7 , suggest that regulation of amphiregulin by estrogen may also be mediated via an EGF R pathway . ^^^ Together , these results implicate an androgen regulated autocrine loop composed of amphiregulin and its receptor in prostate cancer cell growth and suggest that the mechanism of steroid hormone regulation of amphiregulin synthesis may occur through androgen upregulation of the EGF R and subsequent receptor dependent pathways . . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
The cells exhibited both epidermal growth factor ( EGF ) and epidermal growth factor receptor ( EGFR ) immunoreactivities , and also secreted EGF . ^^^ These results suggest that the possible presence of an EGF / EGFR autocrine growth mechanism is expressed in the TSG 6 cells . ^^^ These data indicate that EGF may be a potent agent as a biological response modifier for 5 FU against the tumors which express the EGF / EGFR autocrine mechanism , and that the TSG 6 cell line is useful in furthering our understanding of the interaction between anticancer drugs and EGF . . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
This aim requires the standardization of methods : the radioligand assay ( RLA ) for the quantification of EGF binding sites was performed on membrane pellets from 261 breast cancer samples ( ligand binding and hydroxylapatite separation as recommended by the EORTC Receptor Study Group ) ; the immunocytochemical assay ( ICA ) for the staining of EGFR antigenic sites was performed on fine needle aspiration ( FNA ) cytology or touch imprints from 97 surgical specimens . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
EGF and EGF receptor ( EGFr ) transcripts are expressed in the mouse embryonic first branchial arch and derivatives from E 9 through E 15 . ^^^ EGF and EGFr proteins co localize to the same cells suggesting an autocrine regulation . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Our primary objectives were to : 1 ) develop a system for the study of prostatic tumor evolution ; and 2 ) examine the role of the epidermal growth factor / epidermal growth factor receptor ( EGF / EGFR ) pathway in prostate tumor progression . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
These peptides all bind to the EGF receptor ( EGFr ) . ^^^ TGF alpha , AR , HB EGF , and EGF were equipotent in stimulating [ 3H ] thymidine incorporation by RIE 1 cells and bound the EGFr with equivalent affinity . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
We have utilized a transient cotransfection model system in epidermal growth factor ( EGF ) responsive cultured GH 4 rat pituitary neuroendocrine cells to investigate the role of Ras in coupling EGF receptor ( EGF R ) and 5 Src tyrosine kinase signals to the activation of a cell specific promoter for the rat ( r ) prolactin ( PRL ) gene . ^^^ These observations emphasize that , despite current biochemical data linking the EGF R and Ras pathways , the functional significance of such an interaction should be analyzed in a biologically relevant manner and may differ as a function of cell type . . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
These results demonstrate the existence of EGF receptors in the prepubertal female rat hypothalamus and suggest that changes in EGFR gene expression and biologically active EGFR protein contributes to the neuroendocrine process underlying the first preovulatory surge of gonadotropins . ( ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS ) . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Antibodies to epidermal growth factor ( EGF ) , transforming growth factors alpha and beta ( TGF alpha and beta ) and epidermal growth factor receptor ( EGFR ) were applied to paraffin sections of 16 cases of formalin fixed normal or benignly abnormal ovarian tissue . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
We report that the increase in EGF binding is accompanied by an increase in EGF receptor ( EGFR ) protein and activation of EGFR tyrosine kinase . ^^^ Endogenous tyrosine phosphorylation of EGFR ( reflecting receptor activation ) was 30 fold higher in fetal kidney membranes than in adult ( 3 to 7 fold higher when adjusted for differences in EGF binding or EGFR protein content ) . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
The A 431 cells that over express EGFR , display in vitro ambivalent growth properties in response to EGF , since stimulation induced by low concentrations ( 10 ( 12 ) M 10 ( 10 ) M ) is reversed with increasing concentrations ( 10 ( 9 ) M 10 ( 8 ) M ) . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Using the breast carcinoma cell line MDA MB 468 as immunogen , we have produced six new rat monoclonal antibodies ( mAbs ) against the human EGF receptor ( EGFR ) and are investigating their use for diagnostic and therapeutic applications in cancer patients whose tumours overexpress these receptors . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Adenovirus appears to utilize a nonsaturable intracellular pathway since it causes EGF R down regulation even in cells that significantly overexpress EGF R . ^^^ Molecular recognition of class 1 and class 2 RTKs during adenovirus infection may not be due strictly to amino acid structure , however , since EGF R but not p185c neu is down regulated in cells where it is significantly overexpressed . . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
We analyzed by immunohistochemistry 19 typical lung carcinoids for the expression of the epidermal growth factor ( EGF ) , transforming growth factor alpha ( TGF alpha ) , EGF receptor ( EGFr ) , and EGFr related c erbB 2 protein ( p 185 ) . ^^^ Thirteen tumors ( 68 % ) were positive for TGF alpha , 11 for EGFr ( 58 % ) , three for EGF ( 16 % ) , and four for p 185 ( 21 % ) . ^^^ The following patterns of coexpression could be documented : TGF alpha , EGFr , EGF , and p 185 : two cases ( 11 % ) ; TGF alpha , EGFr , and EGF : one case ( 5 % ) ; TGF alpha , EGFr , and p 185 : two cases ( 11 % ) ; TGF alpha and EGFr : six cases ( 32 % ) ; TGF alpha by itself : two cases ( 11 % ) . ^^^ Thus , EGFr was coexpressed with its ligands , TGF alpha and EGF , and the receptor encoded by c erbB 2 was detected in carcinoids positive for EGFr and TGF alpha . ^^^ Therefore , alterations of EGF / EGFr related growth control pathways may be implicated in the pathogenesis of pulmonary carcinoids via the establishment of autocrine growth promoting circuits , as documented in adenocarcinomas and squamous cell carcinomas of the lung . . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Immunohistochemical staining for EGF , EGFR , c erbB 2 , p 53 , K ras and PCNA was performed on the formalin fixed , paraffin embedded sections of resected gastric carcinomas . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
In order to evaluate the growth and / or proliferative capabilities of cyst epithelia , epidermal growth factor ( EGF ) , epidermal growth factor receptor ( EGFR ) and c erb B 2 gene product were determined in cyst epithelia , adenoma and adenocarcinoma . ^^^ Co expression of EGF and EGFR was observed in 40 . 3 % of cyst with single layered epithelia and in 67 . 1 % of cyst with multi layered epithelia . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
In RCT ( + ) cells , EGF stimulated the invasiveness through Matrigel , the attachment to extracellular matrix components and the degradation of type 4 collagen through high affinity EGF receptors ( EGFR ) , with Kd of pM order , while the migration to the matrix was not influenced by EGF . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Treatment of nonirradiated cultures with epidermal growth factor ( EGF ) , which acts through the receptor tyrosine kinase EGF R , produced a 4 fold increase in PGE 2 synthesis . ^^^ Furthermore , anti phosphotyrosine immunoblot analysis revealed UVB induced phosphorylation of tyrosine residues of EGF R , an indicator of receptor activation . ^^^ The antioxidant N acetylcysteine decreased UVB induced EGF R tyrosine phosphorylation and PGE 2 synthesis to near basal levels . ^^^ Conversely , treatment of unirradiated cultures with the potent oxidant tert butyl hydroperoxide ( 100 microM ) increased both PGE 2 synthesis and EGF R phosphorylation . ^^^ Collectively , these data suggest that antioxidant depletion induced by UV results in tyrosine phosphorylation and activation of the EGF R . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
The biological activity of epidermal growth factor ( EGF ) is mediated through the intrinsic tyrosine kinase activity of the EGF receptor ( EGFR ) . ^^^ In numerous cell types , binding of EGF to the EGFR stimulates the tyrosine kinase activity of the receptor eventually leading to cell proliferation . ^^^ In tumor derived cell lines , which overexpress the EGFR , however , growth inhibition is often seen in response to EGF . ^^^ By 125I EGF binding analysis and [ 35S ] methionine labeling of EGFR , it was found that the total number of EGFR on the cell surface of APC 10 was not decreased relative to PC 10 . ^^^ No difference between PC 10 and APC 10 was seen in EGF binding affinity to the EGFR . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
It recognizes with high affinity and specificity a specific single stranded DNA sequence located in the S 1 nuclease sensitive site of the EGF receptor ( EGFR ) 5 ' flanking region . ^^^ Retroviral gene transfer of EGFR into HL 60 cells resulted in induction of ERDBP 1 by EGF to levels comparable to those found in human keratinocytes . . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
To explore the role of tyrosine kinase activity and phosphatidylinositol turnover in this activation process , we caused oocytes to express three types of human epidermal growth factor receptor ( EGF R ) , which differ in their ability to stimulate these biochemical processes . ^^^ Occupancy of the wild type EGF R in progesterone matured oocytes resulted in full egg activation as indicated by an activation potential , increased intracellular free Ca2+ ( [ Ca2+ ] 1 ) , fertilization envelope liftoff , and cortical contraction . ^^^ Matured oocytes expressing the c ' 973 EGF R , which possesses kinase activity but only weakly stimulates phosphatidylinositol turnover , responded differently to EGF addition . ^^^ However , phosphatidylinositol hydrolysis appears necessary for both amplification and propagation of signals generated locally by activated EGF R . . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Because the wa 2 mutation was mapped previously to the vicinity of the EGF / TGF alpha receptor ( EGFR ) gene on mouse chromosome 11 , we hypothesized that the wa 2 phenotype might result from a defect in either the expression or activity of EGFR , or both . ^^^ EGF induced tyrosine phosphorylation , including that of EGFR itself , is also diminished in skin , particularly at lower dose of exogenous EGF . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Intratumoral regional differences in DNA ploidy patterns , and expression of epidermal growth factor ( EGF ) and EGF receptor ( EGF R ) were studied to evaluate the biological and clinical significance of intratumoral DNA heterogeneity in 23 cases of esophageal carcinoma . ^^^ Expression of EGF and EGF R within a single tumor was observed in 69 . 6 % and 73 . 9 % of the lesions examined , respectively . ^^^ A positive correlation was noted between the expression of EGF and that of the EGF R . ^^^ Furthermore , the autocrine mechanism of EGF and EGF R could be one of the contributory factors on the development of DNA abnormalities during tumor proliferation . . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Complex and conflicting relationships between epidermal growth factor ( EGF ) , estrogens ( E ) , androgens ( A ) , and related receptors ( EGF R , E R , A R ) have been reported in different biological situations associated with cell proliferation . ^^^ A significant and progressive decrease of A R and EGF R was observed starting from the 20th week , while no change of E R occurred throughout the experiment . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
We studied human placental microvillous EGF receptor ( EGFR ) and its relationship with maternal and placental features in 14 cases of intrauterine growth retardation . ^^^ Specific [ 125I ] EGF binding and Scatchard plots of the binding data showed a decreased number of EGFR in 6 of the 12 cases , with a mean maximal binding capacity of 1 . 09 + / 0 . 32 pmol / mg for high affinity sites ( mean control value = 2 . 30 + / 0 . 23 pmol / mg ) . ^^^ Five showed a 175 kD EGFR species when probed by [ 125I ] EGF cross linking and Western blotting with RK 2 and C Term , two polyclonal anti EGFR antibodies , suggesting abnormal transduction of the EGF induced signal . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Using 125I EGF as a ligand , the maximum binding of EGF in membrane preparations from RCC ( EGFR content ) was studied by Scatchard analysis . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
We conclude that antibodies which block the binding of EGF and transforming growth factor alpha to the EGFR can inhibit the growth of EGFR overexpressing tumors by directing terminal differentiation and that a further therapeutic benefit may be obtained via immunological mechanisms with rat IgG2b mAbs such as ICR62 . . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
According to slot blot DNA analyses , the secretion of high levels of TGF alpha is not associated with amplification of the TGF alpha gene , and hyperproduction of the EGF R is correlated with receptor gene amplification . ^^^ Our results are consistent with an autocrine role for TGF alpha and EGF R in oesophageal carcinogenesis and support the possibility that c myc overexpression may be required for the in vivo tumourigenicity of cells that produce high levels of TGF alpha and the EGF R . . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Populations of the epidermal growth factor receptor ( EGFR ) with both high and low affinity for EGF are found on the surface of cells . ^^^ The mutation resulted in ligand induced appearance of covalently linked EGF receptor dimers and , in parallel , increased the number of high affinity receptors present on the surface of cells expressing the mutated EGFR . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
The Kd value of EGF receptor ( EGFR ) and BTC is 0 . 5 nM as determined on Balb / c 3T3 cells . ^^^ In addition , human mammary carcinoma MDA MB 453 cells , which express multiple members of the EGFR family , were found to possess 2 . 7 10 10 ( 3 ) BTC binding sites / cell , and the binding was readily quenched by EGF . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Phosphorylation of EGFR may be responsible for decreased binding of EGF to its receptor . . ^^^ UVB radiation induces phosphorylation of the epidermal growth factor receptor , decreases EGF binding and blocks EGF induction of ornithine decarboxylase gene expression in SV 40 transformed human keratinocytes . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
We assessed the inhibitory effect of anti EGF receptor ( EGFR ) , anti FGF , and anti PDGF monoclonal antibodies ( MoAbs ) on the growth of U251MG cells using the MTT assay and 3H thymidine uptake . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
This study investigated the presence of interleukin 1 ( IL 1 ) , transforming growth factor alpha ( TGF alpha ) , epidermal growth factor ( EGF ) , and epidermal growth factor receptor ( EGF R ) in the mucosa rests as well as the expression of an activation marker , 4F2 . ^^^ Cholesteatoma epithelium showed a high staining intensity of IL 1 , TGF alpha , and EGF R . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Little is known about the regulation of EGF receptor ( EGF R ) trafficking following endocytosis . ^^^ We investigated this by using a series of EGF R with altered cytoplasmic tails and comparing their ability to undergo recycling and lysosomal targeting in both the occupied and empty state . ^^^ We found that 2 3 % of empty EGF R are internalized each minute , but rapidly recycle ( t1 / 2 approximately 5 min ) . ^^^ Occupied EGF R , in contrast , displayed a much slower rate of recycling ( t1 / 2 between 10 23 min ) due to retention within recycling endosomes . ^^^ Endosomal retention of different EGF R correlated with lysosomal targeting of EGF . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
NA
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
NA
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
In 68 cases of surgically resected gastric carcinomas , expression of human epidermal growth factor ( EGF ) and its receptor ( EGFR ) were examined immunohistologically using the Avidin Biotin Peroxidase Complex Method , and their relation with DNA contents and nuclear protein synthesis in the tumor progression were studied by measuring DNA ploidy patterns and nucleolar organizer regions ( NORs ) , respectively with cytofluorometry and AgNO 3 stain method . ^^^ EGF and EGFR expression were respectively found only in 2 ( 7 % ) and 1 ( 4 % ) in 28 early cancers , and significantly increased in advanced cancers , 25 ( 63 % ) and 9 ( 23 % ) out of 40 cases . ^^^ EGF and EGFR respectively expressed in 19 ( 51 % ) and 9 ( 23 % ) in 37 aneuploid cancers , significantly more frequent than 8 ( 26 % ) and 1 ( 3 % ) in 31 diploid cancers . ^^^ These results suggested that expression of EGF and EGFR in the gastric carcinomas increases during the tumor progression from the early to advanced stage , stimulates synthesis of DNA and nuclear protein , and consequently enhances ( strengthens , heightens , or intensifies ) the proliferative activity of the tumors . . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
The kinetics of inhibition of the epidermal growth factor ( EGF ) receptor ( EGFR ) tyrosine kinase ( TK ) activity by erbstatin , tyrphostins , and lavendustin derivatives were studied in a system that employs poly ( Glu6Ala3Tyr ) ( GAT ) and ATP as substrates , after preactivation with EGF . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Transforming growth factor a ( TGF a ) appears to be the primary physiological ligand for the EGF receptor ( EGFR ) , promoting normal cell renewal , and TGF a / EGFR are part of an autocrine loop in many intestinal cancers . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Binding characteristics of a monovalent bispecific monoclonal antibody ( bsMoAb ) , which recognizes both epidermal growth factor receptor ( EGF R ) and drug doxorubicin ( DXR ) were compared with those of the parental bivalent MoAb directed against the EGF R binding site . ^^^ Scatchard analysis indicated that both MoAbs bound to EGF R overexpressing A 431 cells with the same affinity . ^^^ These data suggest that MoAb bivalency is required for EGF R down modulation and in vitro cell growth inhibition . . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Intracellular trafficking of the epidermal growth factor receptor ( EGF R ) is regulated by receptor occupancy . ^^^ Using a cell line transfected with EGF R variants , we found that the fraction of internalized EGF . ^^^ EGF R complexes sorted to lysosomes was a function of the number of intracellular complexes and required sequences in the cytoplasmic domain of the receptor . ^^^ Transforming growth factor alpha , which dissociates from the EGF R at endosomal pH , was degraded to a uniform extent of approximately 50 % at all intracellular ligand concentrations . ^^^ Our results indicate that the default pathway of internalized receptors is rapidly recycling and that lysosomal targeting of occupied EGF R is due to endosomal retention that is both specific and saturable . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
NA
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
NA
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
NA
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
NA
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Selective toxicity of TGF alpha PE 40 to EGFR positive cell lines : selective protection of low EGFR expressing cell lines by EGF . ^^^ Toxicity varied widely , correlated with epidermal growth factor receptor ( EGFR ) levels ( P = 0 . 01 ) and was greatly reduced by EGF , indicating that binding of TGF alpha PE 40 to EGFR is important in mediating toxicity . ^^^ Cell lines expressing low EGFR levels were most highly protected by EGF , indicating that normal ( low EGFR expressing ) tissue may be selectively protected by EGF in vivo . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
In contrast , we now report striking differences in EGF receptor ( EGFR ) number , affinity , and rate of EGF / EGFR internalization in early passage dermal fibroblasts derived from newborn versus young adult versus old adult donors . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
The induction of these differentiation characteristics correlates with novel alterations in epidermal growth factor receptor ( EGF R ) . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
EGFR protein level assessed by cross linking and immunoblotting and EGFR biological activity assessed by measuring its EGF induced autophosphorylation were increased 2 and 2 . 5 fold , respectively , when cells were treated for 24 h with 0 . 1 microM PTHrP or PTH compared to control cells . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Epidermal growth factor ( EGF ) and its receptor ( EGFr ) constitute an important and well characterized mitogenic system in various ectodermal tissues . ^^^ The immunohistochemical study employing the F 4 and EGF R 1 monoclonal antibodies , directed against the intra and extra cellular portion of the receptor respectively , showed EGFr over expression in 89 % of the SCLC cases examined . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Epidermal growth factor receptor ( EGF r ) has been identified on basilar cells of stratified squamous epithelia and skin adnexa in man . ^^^ Recent studies have mapped EGF r to various oral cells in animals ; however , complete mapping of EGF r in normal human oral mucosa has not been done . ^^^ Normal tissues from eight sites in human oral mucosa were examined for their expression of EGF r using avidin biotin peroxidase complex with mouse anti EGF r monoclonal antibody . ^^^ Epidermal growth factor receptor ( EGF r ) has been identified on basilar cells of stratified squamous epithelia and skin adnexa in man . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
PRL treatment ( 8 h ) also decreased EGF R mRNA levels . ^^^ An EGF stimulated increase in EGF R mRNA observed 2 4 h after treatment was decreased when PRL was added to the cultures . ^^^ Furthermore , levels of EGF stimulated tyrosine phosphorylation of the EGF R ( 170 kDa ) and phospholipase C gamma ( 145 kDa ) are dramatically decreased in cells treated with PRL . ^^^ We conclude that PRL is acting to down regulate the EGF R , thus limiting EGF stimulated cell signaling in mammary tissue . . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
NA
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
NA
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
NA
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Recent findings have suggested that certain ligand dependent responses to EGF may be propagated in a manner that is not dependent on the intrinsic tyrosine kinase activity of the epidermal growth factor receptor ( EGF R , Campos Gonzalez , R . , and Glenney , J . ^^^ Chem . 267 , 14535 14538 ) or , alternatively , that these responses may occur through the interaction of the human tyrosine kinase deficient EGF R with an as yet unidentified kinase ( Selva , E . , Raden , D . ^^^ In parental cells ( NIH 3T3 2 . 2 ) that express low levels of endogenous murine EGF R , there was no demonstrable EGF dependent coupling to MAP 2 kinase . ^^^ In NIH 3T3 2 . 2 cells transfected with tyrosine kinase negative human EGF R , there was unexpected EGF dependent phosphorylation of MAP 2 kinase . ^^^ Analysis of the tyrosine kinase negative human EGF R in these cells revealed significant tyrosine phosphorylation of the EGF R . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
An EGFR / ErbB 3 chimera was expressed on the surface of NIH 3T3 transfectants as two classes of receptors possessing epidermal growth factor ( EGF ) binding affinities comparable to those of the wild type EGF receptor ( EGFR ) . ^^^ EGF induced autophosphorylation in vivo of the chimeric receptor and DNA synthesis of EGFR / ErbB 3 transfectants with a dose response similar to that of EGFR transfectants . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
A chimeric expression vector which encoded for a molecule encompassing the extracellular domain of the epidermal growth factor ( EGF ) receptor ( EGFR ) and the intracellular domain of the ret kinase ( EGFR / ret chimera ) was generated . ^^^ Upon ectopic expression in mammalian cells , the EGFR / ret chimera was correctly synthesized and transported to the cell surface , where it was shown capable of binding EGF and transducing an EGF dependent signal intracellularly . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Since EGF , TGF alpha , and EGF receptor ( EGFr ) transcripts are expressed in the mouse first branchial arch and derivatives , experimental strategies were employed to investigate the consequences of down regulation of EGF translation and inhibition of EGF receptor during embryonic mandibular morphogenesis . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Elevated levels of epidermal growth factor ( EGF ) and epidermal growth factor receptor ( EGF R ) have been demonstrated in prostate cancer cell lines and clinical specimens suggesting a role for polypeptide growth factors in prostate tumor cell growth and invasion . ^^^ No statistical differences were noted in the growth of PC 3 cells under serum free conditions when EGF ( 10 ( 10 ) M 10 ( 8 ) M ) or monoclonal anti EGF R antibody ( 10 ( 11 ) M 10 ( 8 ) M ) were added . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
NA
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
NA
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
NA
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
NA
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
NA
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
NA
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
NA
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
NA
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
NA
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Epidermal growth factor ( EGF ) and transforming growth factor alpha ( TGF alpha ) regulate cell proliferation and functional maturation through the EGF receptor ( EGF R ) . ^^^ We studied the expression of EGF , TGF alpha and EGF R in human fetal teeth ( cap stage to early hard tissue formation ) and various odontogenic tumors . ^^^ EGF R mRNA and immunoreactive cells were mostly located in odontogenic epithelium . ^^^ EGF R expression was subject to temporospatial variation at different stages of tooth development . ^^^ In odontogenic tumors , EGF R mRNA and immunoreactivity were confined to neoplastic epithelium . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
To examine the interrelationship and clinical relevance of TGF alpha and EGFR in breast carcinoma , methanol fixed cryostat sections from 73 patients were immunostained with monoclonal antibodies to epidermal growth factor ( EGF ) , EGFR , and TGF alpha . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Cells expressing EGFR grew only poorly in response to EGF , whereas cells expressing either of the EGFR / EPOR hybrid receptors or EPOR grew robustly in epidermal growth factor or erythropoietin , respectively . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
EGF and EGF r immunoexpression in Sjgren ' s syndrome secondary to rheumatoid arthritis . ^^^ Minor labial salivary gland biopsies from 25 patients with secondary Sjgren ' s syndrome ( SS ) suffering from rheumatoid arthritis and from 11 patients complaining of ocular dryness associated with rheumatoid arthritis without proven SS , were studied for the immunohistochemical expression of Epidermal Growth Factor ( EGF ) and its receptor ( EGF r ) . ^^^ In 16 / 25 cases of secondary SS the epithelial duct cells expressed both EGF and EGF r , particularly in the areas of lymphoepithelial lesion and tissue destruction . ^^^ In contrast , only 3 / 11 patients with ocular dryness and 2 / 11 cases from the group of healthy individuals showed immunoreactivity for EGF / EGF r . ^^^ These results indicate that EGF and EGF r may play a crucial role in the evolution of the disease under the constant influence of EBV , which seems to up regulate the expression of the EGF / EGF r system . . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
EGF and transforming growth factor alpha , TGF alpha ) may be included in membrane preparations from human breast tumors , either complexed or not to EGFR . ^^^ Assessment of EGFR in human placental membranes ( HPM ) after preincubation with human EGF ( hEGF ) or human TGF alpha ( hTGF alpha ) indicated that the presence of these ligands in a membrane preparations did not affect the apparent number of binding sites , but only resulted in an increased apparent dissociation constant ( Kd ) . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Epidermal growth factor ( EGF ) and transforming growth factor alpha ( TGF alpha ) are polypeptides which bind to the EGF receptor ( EGFr ) and may play a role in cell growth and carcinogenesis . ^^^ Our study investigated the content of EGF , TGF alpha , and EGFr in tumors of the stomach and the colon in comparison with the surrounding mucosa . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Immunohistochemical analysis for the epidermal growth factor receptor ( EGFR ) , EGF and transforming growth factor alpha ( TGF alpha ) was performed in 87 human pancreatic carcinomas . ^^^ Expression frequencies for EGFR , EGF , and TGF alpha were 43 % , 46 % and 54 % , respectively . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
We now demonstrate that interferon increases tyrosine phosphorylation of EGFR in the human breast carcinoma cell line MDA 468 , in the presence of EGF . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Expression of epidermal growth factor ( EGF ) and epidermal growth factor receptor ( EGFR ) in gastric and colorectal carcinomas . ^^^ Immunohistochemical study for epidermal growth factor ( EGF ) and epidermal growth factor receptor ( EGFR ) was performed on paraffin embedded tissue specimens from 39 colorectal and 24 gastric carcinomas . ^^^ The carcinomas were placed in one of the following 3 groups : group 1 , neither EGF nor EGFR was stained ( 11 gastric and 21 colorectal carcinomas ) ; group 2 , either EGF or EGFR was stained ( 4 gastric and 4 colorectal carcinomas ) ; and group 3 , both EGF and EGFR were stained ( 9 gastric and 14 colorectal carcinomas ) . ^^^ In contrast , no significant differences were found between the EGF and / or EGFR expression and histological differentiation of carcinomas . ^^^ These results suggest that gastrointestinal carcinomas expressing both EGF and EGFR display pathological features of more aggressive disease . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
We then examined their EGF concentrations and EGF secretion rates under standardized conditions in stimulated and unstimulated saliva and studied the expression of EGF receptor ( EGF R ) in their gingival tissues . ^^^ Immunofluorescence microscopy ( IF ) of gingival samples from JP patients and their controls revealed no quantitative or qualitative differences in the expression of EGF R . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Their initial growth is probably promoted by deregulated autocrine growth factors ( EGF , GRP , IGF 1 ) , or their receptors ( EGF R ) . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
We have tested one aspect of the allosteric dimerization model for the activation of EGF receptor ( EGFR ) by EGF : whether EGF binding favors dimerization of the receptor . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
NA
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
NA
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
NA
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
NA
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
NA
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
NA
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
NA
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
NA
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
NA
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
NA
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
NA
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
NA
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
NA
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
NA
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
NA
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
NA
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
NA
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
NA
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Murine embryonal carcinoma cells do not express detectable cell surface epidermal growth factor receptors ( EGF R ) but after 2 days of differentiation induced by retinoic acid ( RA ) increasingly express mRNA and protein encoded by the EGF receptor gene ( Joh et al . , Cell Growth and Differentiation 3 , 315 , 1992 ) . ^^^ The presence of either construct should lead to the reduction of EGF R expression by either the dominant negative effects of a truncated protein or the inhibition of endogenous EGF R mRNA production / translation by complementary RNA , respectively . ^^^ After RA addition , changes in gene expression included induction of both the exogenous truncated constructs and endogenous EGF R . ^^^ Differentiation was gauged by the expression of tissue type plasminogen activator and intermediate filament protein markers of neural tissues , as well as EGF R . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
This study sought to understand the role of epidermal growth factor receptor ( EGF R ) in periodontal ligament ( PDL ) fibroblasts . ^^^ Also , the synthesis of EGF R protein and the expression of mRNA for EGF R were measured by immunoprecipitation and Northern blot analysis , respectively . ^^^ Scatchard analysis demonstrated that PDL fibroblastic cells have both high and low affinity forms of EGF R , while ROS cells did not have any detectable EGF R . ^^^ Treatment of PDL cells with Dex for 2 days decreased the synthesis of EGF R protein , the expression of EGF R mRNA and the number of EGF R . ^^^ In contrast , EGF treatment increased the expression of EGF R mRNA . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
With both antibodies , we were able to detect EGF R in breast tumours . ^^^ We examined 80 tumours . 15 respectively 21 % were EGF R rich . 25 % of the tumours were classified EGF R poor . ^^^ In 64 ( 54 % ) we were not able to detect EGF R . ^^^ The judgement of the EGF R status by the different antibodies was identical in 80 % . ^^^ We did not find a significant accumulation of EGF R positive tissues in the group of ER negative tumours ( 11 / 28 respectively 16 / 32 ) . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
NA
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
NA
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
NA
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
NA
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
NA
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
NA
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
NA
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
NA
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
NA
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
NA
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
NA
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
NA
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
NA
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
NA
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
NA
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
NA
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
NA
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
NA
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
NA
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Using intact cells or isolated plasma membranes , the EGF receptor ( EGF R ) was specifically radiolabeled with [ 14C ] Galactose following ISO treatment . ^^^ Injection of a polyclonal antibody monospecific for rat EGF R also inhibited proliferation in a dose dependent manner . ^^^ The immunoaffinity purified receptor demonstrated altered lectin binding and increased in vitro Gal Tase substrate capacity following beta agonist treatment when compared with EGF R isolated from control animals . ^^^ When acinar cells were incubated in the presence of EGF , plasma membranes from control and ISO treated animals showed autophosphorylation of EGF R tyrosine moieties , transient increases in membrane associated phospholipase C gamma , and increased cellular levels of cAMP . ^^^ The results suggest that cell surface Gal Tase interacts with a form of the EGF R , having altered carbohydrate moieties to promote intracellular signaling for acinar cell proliferation . . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
The addition of inhibitory monoclonal antibodies against TGF alpha and EGFR , but not those against either EGF or IGF IR , significantly inhibited growth of the cells . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Mab 5 125 reacting with a site of the extracellular EGFR domain blocked EGF binding and cell proliferation in vitro , as well as tumor growth in vivo . ^^^ In contrast , mab 5 D 43 , also defined by an SDS sensitive epitope and reacting with an extracellular EGFR site , did not block EGF binding but was readily internalized after binding to EGFR of untreated A 431 cells . ^^^ Since interaction of mab 5 D 43 with EGFR induced most EGF specific functions , although it did not bind to the EGF specific site of EGFR , we have to assume that binding of mab 5 D 43 to EGFR induced a conformational shift that activated the cytoplasmic EGFR kinase site . ^^^ Blocking of the EGFR kinase site by mab 1 594 also abolished EGF induced tyrosine phosphorylation of endogenous cellular substrates with molecular masses of 145 , 97 , 85 , 37 , and 32 kDa , as well as of exogenous substrates such as GAT copolymer . . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Torso , a receptor tyrosine kinase required for embryonic pattern formation , shares substrates with the sevenless and EGF R pathways in Drosophila . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Conditioned medium from FRTL 5 did not inhibit the specific binding of [ 125I ] EGF to HeLa cell which has EGF receptors ( EGF R ) . ^^^ Two bands of 170KD and 80KD obtained by immunoprecipitation with solubilized FRTL 5 and anti EGF R monoclonal antibody indicated autophosphorylation activity . ^^^ These data indicate that FRTL 5 possesses unique EGF R with low affinity to EGF and that the tyrosine kinase of the receptor is activated during cell proliferation . . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
The epidermal growth factor receptor ( EGF R ) has been purified from human epidermoid carcinoma A 431 cells by affinity chromatography in a single step using a monoclonal antibody ( 528 ) which competes with EGF for receptor binding . ^^^ The purified EGF R exhibits EGF inducible tyrosine kinase and autophosphorylation activity . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
We have recently shown that beta adrenergic agonist , isoproterenol induced parotid acinar cell proliferation is in part mediated by elevated levels of surface galactosyltransferase which undergoes interaction with the EGF R . ^^^ There was an increase in tyrosine phosphorylation of the holoenzyme and association of the p 85 subunit of phosphatidylinositol 3 kinase with EGF R in response to both isoproterenol and EGF treatments . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Two classes of EGF binding sites with a Kd of 0 . 055 nM and 2 . 3 nM respectively , and one class of transferrin binding sites with a Kd of about 4 nM are detected on both untreated and Ara C treated KB cells . [ 3H ] Thymidine uptake is clearly stimulated on KB cells by nanomolar concentrations of EGF and transferrin , whereas in Ara C treated cells [ 3H ] thymidine uptake is not increased by EGF and transferrin under conditions where maximal EGFR and TrfR up regulation occurs . ^^^ The enhanced EGF and transferrin binding is paralleled by a twofold increase of in vitro targeting of Ara C treated KB and A 549 cells with anti EGFR 108 . 1 mAb and anti TrfR OKT 9 mAb . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
To define the calcium and / or D 3 sensitive mechanisms associated with liver growth , a study of the initial events transduced by EGF was initiated by probing EGF receptor ( EGFR ) density and affinity , its subsequent autophosphorylation , and the level of its steady state transcript . ^^^ Hypocalcemia , regardless of the vitamin D status , decreases epidermal growth factor receptor density and autophosphorylation in rat livers . 1 , 25 Dihydroxyvitamin D 3 [ 1 , 25 ( OH ) 2D3 ] is known to influence cell proliferation / maturation , whereas epidermal growth factor ( EGF ) is a potent stimulant of proliferation . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Sixty three primary lung carcinomas were examined immunohistochemically for the presence of epidermal growth factor receptors ( EGF R ) . ^^^ Of these tumors 35 ( 55 . 5 % ) were positive for EGF R . ^^^ A positive correlation between overexpression of EGF R , on the one hand , and high metastatic rate , poor tumor differentiation and high rate of tumor proliferation , on the other hand , was found . ^^^ From one tumor with an extremely high amount of EGF R a primary cell culture was established . ^^^ The addition of anti EGF R serum to this culture decreased cell proliferation . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
To characterize their mechanism of action , we investigated their effects on the kinase activity of the intracellular domain of the EGF receptor ( EGFR IC ) . ^^^ EGFR IC ( 67 kDa ) lacking the extracellular domain and transmembrane segment of the EGF receptor , but retaining kinase and autophosphorylation domains , was produced and purified as a soluble , cytoplasmic protein from Sf 9 insect cells infected with a recombinant baculovirus . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
NA
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
NA
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
NA
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
NA
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
NA
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
NA
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
The expression of the cellular gene coding for the epidermal growth factor ( EGF ) receptor ( EGF R ) was assayed in the presence of hepatitis B virus ( HBV ) gene expression under different experimental conditions in human hepatoma derived cells . ^^^ First , transfection experiments of the well differentiated HepG 2 human hepatoma cell line using different expression vectors of the HBV 10 region demonstrated that the 10 gene product is capable of inducing EGF R gene overexpression ; in addition , by using a stable in vitro expression system for HBV , it was shown that EGF R gene expression in these cells is greater than in the uninfected parent cells , and that this results in a three fold increase in 125I EGF binding . ^^^ Finally , a CAT expression assay was performed , indicating that regulatory regions of the EGF R gene are target sequences for 10 protein trans activation . . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
This assay provides a novel means to identify the molecular bases for these biochemical distinctions and to elucidate the mechanisms involved in ligand induced recruitment of EGF R into coated pits . . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
The decrease in plasma membrane EGFR determined by equilibrium binding was confirmed quantitatively by EGF stimulation of EGFR autophosphorylation as well as qualitatively by immunohistochemical detection in control and treated rats . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
The product of the eps 8 gene is tyrosine phosphorylated in vivo following EGF stimulation of intact cells and associates with the EGFR , despite the lack of a functional SH 2 domain . ^^^ Adoptive expression of the eps 8 cDNA in fibroblastic or hematopoietic target cells expressing the EGFR resulted in increased mitogenic response to EGF , implicating the eps 8 gene product in the control of mitogenic signals . . ^^^ Eps 8 , a substrate for the epidermal growth factor receptor kinase , enhances EGF dependent mitogenic signals . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
The effect is , in part , produced by stimulation of EGFR expression , with the resulting amplification of the cellular response to EGF or other EGFR ligands . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
We examined the extent of EGF consumption by EGFR in A 431 cells . ^^^ The amounts of 125I EGF consumed were much greater than available EGFR on the A 431 cells , by a factor of 6 . 5 in low density cultures and 5 . 8 in high density cultures . ^^^ When the concentration of 125I EGF was increased in low density cultures , further consumption of 125I EGF by the A 431 cells was greatly reduced , partially due to a rapid down regulation of EGFR . ^^^ EGF consumption was far in excess of the number of EGFR down regulated or degraded . ^^^ Only a minor portion of the EGFR could have been replaced during the assay period by synthesis of new EGFR or from the intracellular pool of EGFR , and the fluid phase uptake of EGF is only temporarily increased by exposure to EGF . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
NA
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
NA
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
NA
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
NA
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
NA
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
We report epidermal growth factor ( EGF ) like and epidermal growth factor receptor ( EGFR ) like immunoreactivity in the buccopharyngeal mucous glands of Xenopus laevis larvae . ^^^ The presence of EGF like immunoreactivity in the oral mucous glands of 10 . laevis larvae , as well as the presence of EGFR like immunoreactivity in the gut wall of this tadpole , satisfies many of the criteria for Wassersug ' s regulatory agent . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Time and dose dependent alterations in epidermal growth factor receptor ( EGF R ) ligand binding and protein kinase activity were observed in hepatic plasma membranes of TCDD treated rainbow trout . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Transcriptional and post transcriptional regulation of hepatic expression of the epidermal growth factor receptor ( EGF R ) and its autocrine ligand , transforming growth factor alpha ( TGF alpha ) , were analyzed during liver regeneration . ^^^ The EGF R mRNA levels were about twofold induced at 3 h after hepatectomy , caused by transcriptional activation . ^^^ The distinct and coordinate regulation of the two interactors , EGF R and TGF alpha , suggests that the EGF receptor system may be functionally involved in the different phases of the prereplicative growth stimulatory process during liver regeneration . . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Both bind to EGF receptor ( EGF R ) to carry out their function in a variety of tissues and cell lines . ^^^ Expression of TGF alpha and EGF R is reported here for the first time during the development of the chicken kidney . ^^^ Similarly , EGF R was found in mesonephric proximal tubule cells from day 7 to day 18 of embryonic development and in metanephric proximal tubule cells from day 13 of embryonic development up to adult stages . ^^^ The coexistence of both TGF alpha and EGF R from the onset of development of mesonephros and metanephros supports their possible role in mechanisms of proliferation and differentiation of the cells of these organs . . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
This article is a review of aspects of the expression of the regulatory peptides ; epidermal growth factor ( EGF ) , transforming growth factor alpha ( TGF alpha ) , and their receptor ( EGF R ) in the epithelium of the human oesophagus and stomach in health and disease . ^^^ EGF R is normally expressed on all gastro intestinal epithelia , but its expression is increased in Barrett ' s epithelium , as well as in adenocarcinomas of the oesophagus and the stomach . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
However , the highest levels of EGF receptor ( EGF R ) were found in poorly differentiated squamous cell carcinomas . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
The EGF receptor ( EGF R ) capacity was inversely related to the histological grade ( p < 0 . 05 ) and was reduced in highly differentiated tumours . ^^^ The measurement of EGF R capacity and EGF A provides new and additional information for the prediction of the prognosis in cervical cancer . . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Time and dose dependent alterations in epidermal growth factor receptor ( EGF R ) ligand binding and protein kinase activity were observed in hepatic plasma membranes of TCDD treated rainbow trout . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
RESULTS : Epidermal growth factor receptor ( EGF R ) was highly expressed in the basal layer of the epidermis , hair follicles , eccrine sweat glands , and the capillary system of normal skin . ^^^ In the majority of cholesteatoma samples , expression of EGF R was not confined to the basal layer but persisted in suprabasal cells of the stratum spinosum and stratum granulosum . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
We report that a chimeric protein in which the extracellular and transmembrane domains of CD 45 are replaced with those of the EGF receptor ( EGFR ) is able to restore TCR signaling in a CD 45 deficient cell . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
The expression of mRNAs for epidermal growth factor ( EGF ) , transforming growth factor alpha ( TGF alpha ) , EGFR , platelet derived growth factor ( PDGF ) A and B chain , PDGF receptor ( PDGFR ) , transforming growth factor beta ( TGF beta ) , erbB 2 and estrogen receptor ( ER ) genes was first examined in 6 human esophageal carcinoma cell lines , 6 xenoplanted and 15 surgically resected esophageal carcinomas . ^^^ The expression of EGF mRNA was detected in 8 ( 29 . 6 % ) of 27 tumors including the cell lines , whereas the TGF alpha and EGFR genes were expressed in 21 ( 77 . 8 % ) and 24 ( 88 . 9 % ) tumors respectively . ^^^ TGF alpha increased the accumulation of mRNAs for EGF , TGF alpha , EGFR , PDGF A and B chain and the erbB 2 gene . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Furthermore the androgen reduction , more remarkable in male than female patients , is responsible for an up regulation of EGF R . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
The karyotype , the expression of EGF receptor ( EGFR ) and transforming growth factor ( TGF ) alpha at the mRNA level remained unchanged . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
We have performed immunocytochemical analysis of the expression of epidermal growth factor receptor ( EGF R or proto oncogen c erbB 1 ) and estrogen receptor ( ER ) in 70 cases of human breast carcinoma . ^^^ We found an inverse relationship between the expression of EGF R and ER ( Kendall ' s tau b = 0 . 1997 , P < 0 . 03 ) , which prompts us to conclude that ER ( ) breast carcinomas may grow in a hormone independent manner through the over expression of the proto oncogene c erbB 1 , which is the receptor for epidermal ( EGF ) and alpha transforming ( TGFalfa ) growth factors . . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
NA
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
NA
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
NA
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
NA
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Epidermal growth factor ( EGF ) and its receptor ( EGFR ) were measured in 60 breast cancers ( BC ) , 6 benign mammary tumors ( BM ) , 8 samples of normal breast ( NB ) , 6 endometrial carcinomas ( EC ) and 30 lung cancers ( LC ) . ^^^ No significant correlation between EGF and EGFR was found in BC . ^^^ In LC there was an inverse relationship between EGF and EGFR ( rs = 0 . 36 ; P = 0 . 09 ) , which disappeared in normal lung . ^^^ It is concluded that EGF may play a role in malignant transformation ; however , the weak correlation between EGF and EGFR lessens the importance of EGF in either autocrine or paracrine stimulation of tumor growth . . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
A potential autocrine loop involving transforming growth factor alpha ( TGF alpha ) and the epidermal growth factor ( EGF ) receptor ( EGFR ) in benign placental cytotrophoblasts was examined . ^^^ EGFR were localized to villous cytotrophoblasts and syncytiotrophoblasts in frozen sections throughout gestation using immunoperoxidase ( IP ) and autoradiography with 125I EGF . ^^^ EGF and TGF alpha stimulated uptake of [ 3H ] thymidine in cultured cytotrophoblasts from first and second trimester placentae , demonstrating both functional EGFR and the mitogenic ability of either growth factor in these cells . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
From the results of specific immunoprecipitation / Western blot analyses , the 180 kDa EGF sensitive protein could be identified as the EGF receptor ( EGF R ) . ^^^ These findings strongly suggest that authentic EGF R and IGF 1 R on RDP 4 1 cells are coupled to complex , tyrosine kinase mediated , intracellular signalling systems that are sensitive to a PKC dependent mechanism . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
We have investigated the role of the hydrolysis of glycosyl phosphatidylinositol ( GPI ) as one of the signalling pathways elicited after interaction of epidermal growth factor ( EGF ) with its specific plasma membrane receptor ( EGFR ) . ^^^ Incubation of EGFR T 17 cells with EGF , produced a rapid and transient hydrolysis of GPI . ^^^ These agents were able to significantly inhibit EGF mediated cell proliferation , EGF dependent hydrolysis of GPI and EGF regulated autophosphorylation of the EGFR . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Recently , we have shown that an EGF R mutant lacking the autophosphorylation sites phosphorylates Shc and retains mitogenic activity . ^^^ To investigate the mechanism of tyrosine phosphorylation of Shc by EGF R , we carried out in vitro kinase assays using immunoprecipitated EGF R and bacterially expressed Shc proteins as substrates . ^^^ The EGF R phosphorylated Shc , but not the Shc SH 2 mutant , lacking binding ability for phosphotyrosine . ^^^ We microinjected the Shc SH 2 domain into NIH3T3 cells overexpressing the EGF R . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
NA
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
One event that occurs rapidly following EGF binding is the covalent modification of the EGF receptor ( EGF R ) by phosphorylation on Ser , Thr , and Tyr residues . ^^^ However , treatment with EGF caused a rapid increase in EGF R ubiquitination . ^^^ In contrast , no EGF stimulated ubiquitination was found in experiments using cells that express a mutant tyrosine kinase negative EGF R . ^^^ Similarly , ubiquitination of the EGF R was not observed at 4 degrees C or if the cells are depleted of intracellular K+ . ^^^ Together , these data establish ubiquitination as a form of EGF stimulated covalent modification of the EGF R . . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
This antibody effectively blocks the binding of EGF , transforming growth factor ( TGF ) alpha and HB EGF to the EGFR , inhibits the growth in vitro of tumour cell lines which overexpress the EGFR and eradicates such tumours when grown as xenografts in athymic mice . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
The production , secretion , and localization of epidermal growth factor ( EGF ) and the distribution of the EGF receptor ( EGF R ) were examined in the isthmus ( 1 ) and ampulla ( A ) of the oviducts from cyclic ( C ) and early pregnant ( P ) gilts . ^^^ The presence of EGF R was shown by incubating tissue imprints and frozen sections with EGF erythrosin isothiocyanate , which revealed that EGF R were distributed mainly on the membranes of epithelial cells . ^^^ The study indicates that EGF and EGF R are present in oviductal epithelial cells in both C and P gilts , with the highest concentration of EGF in C gilts . ( ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS ) . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
BACKGROUND : After stimulation of a cell by the mitogenic epidermal growth factor ( EGF ) , the EGF receptor ( EGF R ) is cleared from the cell surface in order to turn off receptor signaling . ^^^ It is believed that clathrin associated protein complexes or adaptors ( APs ) link the entrapment of EGF R and other nutrient and growth factor receptors to the formation of the clathrin coated pit . ^^^ Activated EGF R associates with AP 2s at the plasma membrane , but the mechanism responsible for this association is not known . ^^^ Here , we investigate , in vivo and in vitro , three aspects of the interaction between APs and EGF R : firstly , we ask whether EGF R at the plasma membrane distinguishes between AP 1 and AP 2 ; secondly , we ask which part of the receptor ' s cytoplasmic tail is responsible for binding ; finally , we ask whether autophosphorylation by EGF R is essential for the interaction . ^^^ RESULTS : We demonstrate that EGF R displays a selective association for AP 2 over AP 1 in vivo , and that this preferential interaction can also be detected using surface plasmon resonance in vitro . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Freshly isolated colonocytes as well as detergent solubilized colonic mucosa and lectin purified receptor enriched mucosal preparations were utilized to compare ligand induced activation of EGF receptor ( EGF R ) tyrosine kinase ( Tyr k ) activity between young ( 4 months ) and aged ( 24 months ) rats . ^^^ In all three mucosal preparations , EGF and TGF alpha produced a significantly greater stimulation in EGF R Tyr k activity in aged than in young rats , when compared with the corresponding basal levels . ^^^ This was observed in spite of a significantly higher basal EGF R Tyr k activity in the colonic mucosa of aged rats than in young animals . ^^^ Neither in young nor in aged rats did bombesin cause any significant change in EGF R Tyr k activity in the colonic mucosa . ^^^ In aged rats , TGF alpha also caused a stimulation in tyrosine phosphorylation of EGF R and autophosphorylation of the 165 kDa band ( a molecular mass that corresponds to EGF R ) and several other mucosal proteins ( M , 120 , 110 , 70 , 60 , 55 and 50 kDa ) . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
The expression of both epidermal growth factor ( EGF ) and platelet derived growth factor ( PDGF ) , and of their receptors ( EGFR and PDGFR ) was immunohistochemically examined in 37 cases of osteosarcoma . ^^^ EGFR ( 81 % ) expressed more often than EGF ( 51 % ) and the expression of EGF and EGFR , and PDGF and PDGFR were recognized in 49 % and 38 % , respectively . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Phosphorylation of PLC gamma 1 on tyrosine residues could not be detected in tumor promoter treated mouse epidermis when the phosphotyrosine content of the EGFr was elevated or in cultured keratinocytes exposed to exogenous EGF . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
A 150 bp epidermal growth factor ( EGF ) cDNA fragment and a 1024 bp epidermal growth factor receptor ( EGFR ) cDNA fragment were inserted into 5 . 05 kb pBabe puro retroviral vectors between BamH 1 and EcoR 1 sites in 3 ' 5 ' and / or 5 ' 3 ' orientation . ^^^ The vectors were ligated with EGF and EGFR fragments by T 4 Ligase . ^^^ The resultant transformant cell lines : PC 7 / AS EGF , PC 7 / S EGFR , PC 7 / AS EGFR and PC 7 / pBabe were tested for their endogenous EGF and EGFR mRNA expressions , cell growth rate , 3H TdR incorporation rate , soft agar colony formation and tumorigenicity in nude mice . ^^^ The results showed that there were noticeable inhibitions of cell growth , 3H TdR incorporation rate , soft agar colony formation and tumorigenicity in nude mice in PC 7 / AS EGF and PC 7 / AS EGFR transformant cell lines . ^^^ The endogenous EGF mRNA expression was blocked in PC 7 / AS EGF cell line and the endogenous EGFR mRNA was significantly down regulated in PC 7 / AS EGFR cell line . . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Cells predominantly of the ' contractile ' phenotype expressed low numbers of high affinity EGF and bFGF receptors ( EGFr : 1 . 09 + / 0 . 18 fmol / 10 ( 6 ) cells ; bFGFr : 0 . 32 + / 0 . 07 fmol / 10 ( 6 ) cells ) . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Epidermal growth factor ( EGF ) and transforming growth factor alpha ( TGF alpha ) are two closely related peptides that interact with cell surface epidermal growth factor receptors ( EGFR ) to induce receptor tyrosine phosphorylation and activation of intracellular signal transduction pathways . ^^^ The EGF related peptides and EGFR are also present in neoplastic prostatic tissues . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
The data are compiled from 150 astrocytic , oligodendroglial , and mixed gliomas that were assessed for genomic alterations characteristic of these neoplasms , i . e . , loss of portions of chromosomes 1p , 9p , 10 , 17p , 17q , and 19q , mutations of the p 53 tumor suppressor gene , and amplification of the EGF receptor ( EGFR ) gene . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
The main ligand for the intestinal EGF receptor ( EGFR ) may in fact be TGF alpha , and there is evidence that EGF itself may act as a surveillance factor in adults , only having an effect if the mucosa is damaged . . ^^^ Epidermal growth factor ( EGF ) and transforming growth factor alpha ( TGF alpha ) are part of a large family of ligands that bind to the epidermal growth factor receptor . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Expression of EGF related proteins including EGF , transforming growth factor alpha ( TGF alpha ) , cripto ( CR ) , amphiregulin ( AR ) , and EGF receptor ( EGFR ) were immunohistochemically examined . ^^^ EGFR , EGF , TGF alpha , and CR immunoreactivities were observed in 58 . 3 % , 66 . 7 % , 91 . 6 % , and 66 . 7 % of normal endometrial specimens ; 100 % , 15 . 4 % , 100 % , and 30 . 8 % of endometrial hyperplasia specimens ; and 67 . 5 % , 32 . 5 % , 65 . 0 % , and 65 . 0 % of endometrial carcinoma specimens , respectively . ^^^ There was a significant correlation between EGFR and TGF alpha expression , and between EGF and TGF alpha . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Epidermal growth factor ( EGF ) and transforming growth factor alpha ( TGF alpha ) elicit quantitatively different cell proliferation responses even though they act via a common receptor , the epidermal growth factor receptor ( EGFR ) . ^^^ For a given initial amount of growth factor , TGF alpha is a weaker stimulus than EGF in cells expressing either form of the EGFR . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Epidermal growth factor ( EGF ) is a potent growth factor for human normal bronchial epithelial ( HBE ) cells and lung cancer cells , which often demonstrate an EGF receptor ( EGFR ) autocrine loop . ^^^ We have found that HBE cells are capable of proliferating in basal medium without EGF supplementation , and this suggests the probable presence of an active EGFR autocrine loop in non neoplastic HBE cells . ^^^ Northern blot hybridization shows that the parental and immortalized HBE cells express comparable and high levels of mRNA for EGFR , transforming growth factor alpha ( TGF alpha ) , and amphiregulin ( AR ) , but not EGF . ^^^ Thus , several EGF family ligands appear to be involved functionally in the EGFR autocrine growth loop in HBE cells . . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
We have followed the transfer of EGF EGF receptor ( EGFR ) complexes from endosomal vacuoles that contain transferrin receptors ( TfR ) to lysosome vacuoles identified by their content of HRP loaded as a 15 min pulse 4 h previously . ^^^ EGF EGFR complexes are delivered to these lysosomes intact and are then rapidly degraded . ^^^ Preactivating the HRP contained within the preloaded lysosomes inhibits the delivery of EGFR and degradation of EGF , and results in the accumulation of EGFR containing multivesicular bodies ( MVB ) . ^^^ Together our observations suggest that the transfer of EGF EGFR complexes from the TfR containing endosome compartment to the lysosomes that degrade them employs a single vacuolar intermediate , the maturing MVB , and can be achieved by a single heterotypic fusion step . . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
UVC irradiation causes the tyrosine phosphorylation of EGF receptor ( EGFR ) in mouse NIH 3T3 fibroblasts and HC 11 mouse mammary cells . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Hence , we investigated whether the TSU pr 1 cell line expresses a functional EGF receptor ( EGFR ) , which when antagonized reduces EGF mediated chemomigration of this cell line . ^^^ Addition of human EGF ( hEGF ) to the TSU pr 1 cells for 5 min stimulated the dose dependent biphasic phosphorylation of the EGFR , with maximal stimulation of EGFR phosphorylation occurring at 2 ng / ml hEGF . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
To assess the role of EGF further , we examined EGF receptor ( EGFR ) expression during Wolffian duct differentiation and determined whether inhibition of EGFR results in inhibition of Wolffian duct differentiation . ^^^ Anti EGFR also blocked the development of the Wolffian duct in the female explant , induced by exogenous EGF . ^^^ Thus , a role of EGFR mediating the effect of EGF during male reproductive tract differentiation is demonstrated . . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Levels of EGF and TGF alpha did not correlate with levels of EGF receptor ( EGFR ) as determined by a radioligand binding method but levels of TGF alpha > 10 ng gm 1 of tumour tissue did correlate with EGFR positivity defined using immunohistochemistry . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
The chimeric protein , designated p 210 CH5 , localized to the surface of these cells as determined by immunofluorescent staining with MAb EGFR , and it bound 125I EGF . p210 CH 5 coprecipitated with protein species p 170 , p 120 , p 88 , p 60 , p 44 , p 34 , and p 25 . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Four transmembrane tyrosine kinases constitute the ErbB receptor family : the epidermal growth factor ( EGF ) receptor , ErbB 2 , ErbB 3 , and ErbB 4 . ^^^ We have measured the endocytic capacities of all four members of the EGF receptor family , including ErbB 3 and ErbB 4 , which have not been described previously . ^^^ EGF responsive chimeric receptors containing the EGF receptor extracellular domain and different ErbB cytoplasmic domains ( EGFR / ErbB ) have been employed . ^^^ In contrast to the EGF receptor , all EGFR / ErbB receptors show impaired ligand induced rapid internalization , down regulation , degradation , and AP 2 association . ^^^ Despite the substantial differences in ligand induced receptor trafficking between the EGF and ErbB 4 receptors , EGF and heregulin have equivalent capacities to stimulate DNA synthesis in quiescent cells . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
EGF , TGF alpha , and EGF receptor ( EGF R ) colocalized in airway epithelium in normal fetal and in postnatal human lung . ^^^ Large numbers of alveolar macrophages immunostained for EGF , TGF alpha , and EGF R in lungs with late stages of BPD . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
A bivalent single chain antibody toxin specific for ErbB 2 and the EGF receptor . ^^^ ErbB 2 and EGF receptors are often co expressed in human tumors and have been shown to synergize in the transformation of cells in experimental model systems . ^^^ Transactivation of ErbB 2 can occur via ligand induced heterodimerization with EGF receptor or other members of the ErbB family of receptor tyrosine kinases . ^^^ We have previously described the potent anti tumoral activity of the monospecific single chain antibody toxins scFv ( FRP 5 ) ETA and scFv ( 225 ) ETA binding to , respectively , ErbB 2 and the EGF receptor . ^^^ The fusion protein consists of 2 scFv domains specific for ErbB 2 and the EGF receptor linked to a modified Pseudomonas exotoxin A . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
To assess the potential role of HB EGF in human gastric carcinomas , the expression of HB EGF and EGF receptor ( EGF R ) was examined in normal and cancerous gastric tissues and cultured gastric cancer cell lines . ^^^ There was a concomitant 3 . 9 fold increase in EGF R mRNA levels in these cancers . ^^^ Immunostaining revealed co localization in 72 % of the cancer cells of HB EGF and EGF R . ^^^ By Northern blot analysis , HB EGF , TGF alpha , AR , BTC and EGF R mRNA moieties were co expressed in KATO 3 and NCI N 87 gastric cancer cell lines . ^^^ Our findings suggest that HB EGF is relatively abundant in human gastric cancers and that co expression of the EGF ligand family may lead to excessive activation of EGF R in this disorder . . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
In 8 of 13 cell lines expressing SDGF mRNA , the EGF receptor ( EGFR ) gene , the product of which is regarded as a functional receptor of SDGF , was co expressed . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
When the MEN 2B point mutation was introduced into the epidermal growth factor ( EGF ) receptor ( M857T EGFR ) , the intrinsic tyrosine kinase activity of the mutant receptor was similar to that of wild type EGF receptor and remained ligand dependent . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
PURPOSE : The purpose of this study was to investigate the expression of EGF receptor ( EGF R ) in human granulosa cells undergoing luteinization and progesterone production by these cells in response to EGF an TGF alpha alone or in combination with luteinizing hormone ( LH ) . ^^^ EGF receptor was localized in cells by means of immunoperoxidase staining using a polyclonal primary antibody directed against the human EGF R . ^^^ RESULTS : Specific EGF R staining was observed in the cultured cells compared to those incubated with antibody that was preabsorbed with a 10 fold excess of EGF . ^^^ Furthermore , tyrphostin , an EGF R specific tyrosine kinase inhibitor , inhibited both basal and growth factor stimulated progesterone production . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Progesterone ( PR ) , estradiol ( ER ) , and EGF receptor ( EGFR ) content was measured by radioligand competitive methods in surgically excised tumors from 26 patients with primary endometrial cancer . ^^^ An inverse relationship was revealed between EGFR content and the percentage of EGF induced stimulation of phospholipid turnover in endometrial cancer cells ( r = 0 . 6 ; P = 0 . 15 ) and between EGFR content in EGFR positive samples and the extent of progesterone suppression of EGF induced turnover ( r = 0 . 77 ; P = 0 . 04 ) . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Recent observations suggest that transforming growth factor alpha ( TGF alpha ) , which binds to the epidermal growth factor ( EGF ) receptor ( EGFR ) , may induce neoplastic growth of the colonic mucosa through an autocrine mechanism . ^^^ To assess the functional role of TGF alpha in colonic carcinogenesis the present investigation examines the changes in TGF alpha and EGF induced activation of intrinsic tyrosine kinase ( Tyr k ) activity of EGFR in the colonic mucosa of rats after administration of the colonic carcinogen azoxymethane ( AOM ; 20 mg / kg body wt ) . ^^^ Despite this rise in basal EGFR Tyr k activity , exposure of isolated colonocytes or detergent solubilized colonic mucosa from AOM treated animals to either 1 10 10 ( 8 ) M TGF alpha or EGF caused a further 90 160 % increase in EGFR Tyr k activity over the corresponding basal levels . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
NA
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
NA
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
NA
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Using immunohistochemistry , Northern blotting and a semi quantitative PCR technique , epidermal growth factor ( EGF ) , transforming growth factor alpha ( TGF alpha ) and epidermal growth factor receptor ( EGFR ) expression were studied in the pancreas of N nitrosobis ( 2 oxopropyl ) amine ( BOP ) treated hamsters . ^^^ Moreover , the post initiation treatments did not cause differences in EGF , TGF alpha or EGFR peptide or mRNA levels , except for a significantly lower expression of TGF alpha mRNA in hamsters fed a high fat diet when compared with those fed a low fat diet . ^^^ Also , in ductular adenocarcinomas TGF alpha and EGFR ( but not EGF ) mRNA levels were significantly higher than in normal pancreatic homogenates . ^^^ The present results indicate that TGF alpha ( but not EGF ) might act in a paracrine or autocrine manner in pancreatic tumours in BOP treated hamsters via simultaneously expressed EGFR . ^^^ However , TGF alpha , EGF and EGFR do not seem to be involved in the modulating effects of a high fat diet or caerulein treatment on pancreatic carcinogenesis in BOP treated hamsters . . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Numerous epidermal growth factor ( EGF ) related peptide binding members of the ErbB family of receptor tyrosine kinases have been described . ^^^ While several EGF agonists bind and activate ErbB 1 / EGF receptor , neu differentiation factor ( NDF ) functions as a ligand for ErbB 3 and ErbB 4 . ^^^ We show that all the EGF agonists , but not NDF , stimulated tyrosine phosphorylation of ErbB 1 . ^^^ In contrast , all the EGF related factors except amphiregulin were able to induce tyrosine phosphorylation of ErbB 2 . ^^^ The ability to induce tyrosine phosphorylation of ErbB 3 varied dramatically among the different EGF related peptides . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
EGF stimulated Shc phosphorylation as well as the formation of wild type EGFR . ^^^ In contrast , EGF stimulated Shc phosphorylation without formation of Delta 973 EGFR . ^^^ EGF markedly increased ErbB 2 tyrosine phosphorylation in wild type EGFR cells . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Betacellulin ( BTC ) , a recently discovered member of the EGF family that is produced by certain tumour cells , is thought to be involved in autocrine growth by activating the EGF receptor ( EGFR ) . ^^^ We have investigated whether monoclonal antibodies ( mAbs ) to the EGFR which act as EGF , TGF alpha and HB EGF antagonists could also be effective as BTC antagonists by blocking its binding to the EGFR . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
No evidence for direct binding of CT to EGFr was found , although pretreatment with EGF was able to partially suppress the anti proliferative activity of CT . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Patterned expression of the Drosophila rhomboid ( rho ) gene is thought to promote signaling by the EGF receptor ( EGFR ) in specific cell types . ^^^ We discuss clustering of Rho in plasma membrane patches with respect to the proposed role of Rho in promoting EGF R signaling . . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
NA
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
The group of subtype 1 transmembrane tyrosine kinases includes the epidermal growth factor ( EGF ) receptor ( ErbB 1 ) , an orphan receptor ( ErbB 2 ) , and two receptors for the Neu differentiation factor ( NDF / heregulin ) , namely : ErbB 3 and ErbB 4 . ^^^ By using the generated mAbs , we found that the major NDF receptor on mammary epithelial cells is a heterodimer of ErbB 3 with ErbB 2 , whereas an ErbB 1 / ErbB 2 heterodimer , or an ErbB 1 homodimer , is the predominant species that binds EGF . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Additional studies showed that treatment with 1 2 nM PMA caused an increase , whereas treatment with 5 100 nM PMA caused a dose related decrease in EGF dependent EGF receptor ( EGF R ) autophosphorylation , In summary , these findings suggest that submitogenic doses of PMA potentiate EGF induced cell growth by enhancing EGF R mitogenic signaling , whereas the mitogenic effects of high doses of PMA alone appear to be mediated through PKC and EGF independent mechanisms . . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Here , we observed tyrosine phosphorylation of C cbl in cells expressing epidermal growth factor receptor depending on EGF stimulation and in 5 src transformed cells . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Previous studies from our laboratory have shown that epidermal growth factor ( EGF ) stimulates cAMP accumulation in the heart via a process involving Gsalpha and the EGF receptor ( EGFR ) protein tyrosine kinase activity ( Nair , B . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Epidermal growth factor and its receptor ( EGF R ) in human pituitary adenomas : EGF R correlates with tumor aggressiveness . ^^^ We investigated the potential role of the EGF receptor ( EGF R ) system in pituitary tumorigenesis by examining the expression of EGF and EGF R in the different types of human pituitary adenomas . ^^^ No measurable quantities of EGF were present in conditioned culture medium from all 35 adenomas examined , consistent with the rapid uptake of EGF by unoccupied functional EGF R sites . ^^^ Using a specific monoclonal antibody that recognizes the extracellular ligand binding domain of the human EGF R , we found EGF R in cells in the normal pituitary and in some functional and nonfunctional adenomas with extremely variable intensity . ^^^ By RT PCR , EGF R messenger RNA ( mRNA ) expression was also identified , with marked variation in all 48 adenomas examined and in the nontumorous pituitary . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Nitric oxide : a modulator for the epidermal growth factor receptor expression in developing ovarian granulosa cells . the present study was designed to assess the involvement of nitric oxide ( NO ) in the regulation of the epidermal growth factor ( EGF ) receptor during development of rat granulosa cells , which were prepared by puncturing ovaries of diethylstilbestrol treated rats . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
The binding of epidermal growth factor ( EGF ) to epidermal growth factor receptor ( EGF receptor ) induces dimerization of the receptor and activation of its protein tyrosine kinase . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
NA
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Alterations in the expression of the epidermal growth factor ( EGF ) receptor ErbB family are frequently encountered in a number of human cancers . ^^^ The biological responses to HRG were also compared to EGF and to the growth inhibitory anti ErbB 2 antibody , 4D5 . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
The cell line shows synthesis of EGF receptors and TGF alpha but not EGF , and exhibits constitutive phosphorylation of the 170 kDa EGFR . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Mouse preimplantation embryos express at least two functional cell surface growth factor receptors that are radiosensitive in other cell types , the epidermal growth factor receptor ( EGF receptor ) and the insulin like growth factor 1 receptor ( IGF 1 receptor ) . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
The transcriptional factor CF 2 is a mediator of EGF R activated dorsoventral patterning in Drosophila oogenesis . ^^^ This is initiated by the transmission of a `` dorsal signal ' ' from the oocyte to the anterior dorsal follicle cells by the EGF receptor ( EGF R ) pathway and is followed by transmission of a second signal from the ventral follicle cells back to the embryo . ^^^ CF 2 is suppressed by EGF R signaling in the anterior dorsal follicle cells . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Fibroblasts from HED patients had a two to eightfold decrease in binding capacity for ( 125 ) 1 labeled EGF , a decreased expression of the immunoreactive 170 kD EGF receptor ( EGFR ) protein , and a corresponding reduction in EGFR mRNA . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
EGF R protein expression was detected in glomerular endothelial cells , in peritubular capillaries and arteriolar walls , as well as along the thick ascending limb of Henle ' s lop and distal convoluted tubule , where it colocalized with Tamm Horsfall protein . ^^^ Immunohistochemical analysis of tubular profiles revealed that EGF R was located especially along the basolateral membrane of tubular cells and within the basal part of cytoplasm . ^^^ Kidneys with acute tubulointerstitial injury exhibited a dramatic decrease of EGF expression , whereas EGF R showed only minor modifications . ^^^ Interestingly , EGF R was localized to both apical and antiluminal membranes of positive tubular cells . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Coupling of the c Cbl protooncogene product to ErbB 1 / EGF receptor but not to other ErbB proteins . ^^^ The ErbB family of transmembrane tyrosine kinases includes the receptor for EGF ( ErbB 1 ) , two receptors for NDF / heregulin ( ErbB 3 and ErbB 4 ) and an orphan receptor ( ErbB 2 ) . ^^^ Despite rapidity of the EGF effect , we observed no association of c Cbl with activated ErbB 1 , implying that the interaction is indirect . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
NA
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
NA
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
The C terminal region of Sos binds an adaptor protein , Grb 2 , which in turn binds to activated receptors including the EGF receptor ( EGFR ) . ^^^ Therefore , we investigated whether the ability of Sos 1 to form complexes with Grb 2 and with the EGF receptor ( EGFR ) changes following EGF stimulation , as a possible mechanism for regulating Sos activity . ^^^ We find that following EGF stimulation , the Sos 1 protein associated with the EGFR is markedly less phosphorylated than the majority of the Sos 1 within the cell and there was reduced binding of Grb 2 with phosphorylated Sos 1 protein in a direct binding assay . ^^^ A time course analysis showed that Sos 1 dissociates from the EGFR more rapidly than does Grb 2 following EGF stimulation . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Treatment of mammalian cells with EGF caused decreased binding of ZPR 1 to the EGFR and the accumulation of ZPR 1 in the nucleus . ^^^ The effect of EGF to regulate ZPR 1 binding is dependent on tyrosine phosphorylation of the EGFR . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
When tumors were divided into two groups according to size ( > 4 . 2 mm 3 and < / = 4 . 2 mm 3 ) , expression of EGF receptor ( EGF R ) was found in 24 of 25 `` large ' ' tumors as compared with 5 of 17 `` small ' ' tumors ( P < 0 . 0001 ) . ^^^ The results of in situ hybridization for EGF R correlated well with those of immunohistochemical study . ^^^ These data suggest the possibility that recurrences of low grade superficial bladder tumors are related to the continuing presence of EGF in the urine , and that blocking of EGF R should be evaluated as a tumor inhibitor . . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Although the responsiveness to EGF between the two cultures at different densities was distinct , neither the number nor the affinity of EGF receptor ( EGFR ) in the two cultures significantly differed . ^^^ A significant difference between the two cultures was the responsiveness of EGFR to EGF . ^^^ The intrinsic tyrosine kinase activity and dimerization of the EGFR in cells at low density were induced by EGF , whereas those in cells at saturated density were not . ^^^ Incubation of cells at saturated density with an antibody to E cadherin followed by adding EGF resulted in the stimulation of DNA synthesis , which was preceded by autophosphorylation but not dimerization of the EGFR . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
The epidermal growth factor receptor ( EGFR ) is regulated by at least two mechanisms involving protein kinase C ( PKC ) , inhibition of EGF binding and inhibition of EGF stimulated tyrosine kinase activity . ^^^ The results indicate that 1 ) PKC down regulates EGFR tyrosine kinase activity by an MEK dependent mechanism presumably involving MAPK ; 2 ) the inhibition by PKC is not a direct result of phosphorylation of the EGFR by PKC or MAPK ; 3 ) activation of MAPK is not sufficient to regulate EGFR kinase activity ; and 4 ) PKC mediated down regulation of EGF binding and EGFR kinase activity occur by different mechanisms . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Although binding of epidermal growth factor ( EGF ) and transforming growth factor alpha ( TGFalpha ) to the EGF receptor ( EGFR ) is mutually competitive , their binding is not identical , and their biological activities are not always equivalent . ^^^ We propose that EGFR ligands can be subclassified into TGFalpha like and EGF like and that this is of functional significance , identifying a potential mechanism whereby EGFR can discriminate between its ligands . . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Formalin fixed , paraffinembedded specimens were immunostained for epidermal growth factor ( EGF ) , transforming growth factor alpha ( TGFalpha ) , cripto , EGF receptor ( EGFR ) and c ERBB 2 gene product . ^^^ Of the 68 early colorectal carcinomas , EGF , TGF alpha , cripto , EGFR and c ERBB 2 products were detected at various degrees 24 ( 35 % ) , 50 ( 74 % ) , 31 ( 46 % ) , 11 ( 16 % ) , and 34 ( 50 % ) , respectively . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Epidermal growth factor receptors ( EGFR ) have been investigated in the tumors of 166 breast cancer patients and concentrations of their ligands ( alpha TGF and EGF ) were measured in 104 tumors by radioimmunoassay . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
The EGF RNase conjugate retained potent RNase activity and competed with 125I EGF for binding to EGFR to the same extent as unconjugated EGF . ^^^ Both the human and murine EGF RNase conjugates showed dose dependent cytotoxicity against EGFR overexpressing A 431 human squamous carcinoma cells with IC 50 values of 3 10 10 ( 7 ) M and 6 10 10 ( 7 ) M , respectively , whereas free RNase had an IC 50 of 10 ( 4 ) M . ^^^ Against the EGFR deficient small cell lung cancer cell line H 69 , the EGF RNase conjugate had no cytotoxic effect . ^^^ The Human EGF RNase conjugate showed dose dependent cytotoxicity against other squamous carcinoma cell lines ( TE 5 , TE 1 ) and breast cancer cell lines ( BT 20 , SK BR 3 , MCF 7 ) and the cytotoxicity of the conjugate correlated positively with the level of expression of EGFR by each cell line . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
In vitro cell attachment assays on hyaluronate coated plates demonstrated similar basal level of binding ( approximately 33 % ) for murine NR 6 parental cells devoid of endogenous EGFR ( P ) or expressing wild type EGFR ( WT ) , while a time dependent increase in binding was observed in WT cells stimulated with EGF . ^^^ After 24 h exposure to exogenous EGF , an increase in CD 44 protein and mRNA expression was found in WT cells , but not in P cells , supporting the contention that a functional EGFR signaling pathway is required for CD 44 regulation . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
The present study was undertaken to determine the expression of the genes for epidermal growth factor receptor ( EGF R ) , and two of its ligands , epidermal growth factor ( EGF ) and transforming growth factor alpha ( TGF alpha ) in isolated large ( LLC ) and small ( SLC ) porcine luteal cells by reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction ( RT PCR ) , and to localize their peptides in whole corpora lutea ( CL ) as well in isolated LLC and SLC by immunocytochemistry . ^^^ RT PCR revealed strong cDNA signals for EGF R and EGF in both LLC and SLC , and for TGF alpha in LLC . ^^^ Immunocytochemistry revealed intense EGF R staining in LLC and SLC in both isolated and intact CL preparations . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
The presence of epidermal growth factor receptors ( EGF R ) and the ligands epidermal growth factor / transforming growth factor alpha ( EGF / TGF alpha ) have been reported in mammalian ovaries where they are implicated in folliculogenesis and steroidogenesis . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
BACKGROUND : Transforming growth factor alpha ( TGF alpha ) is a polypeptide that is structurally similar to epidermal growth factor ( EGF ) that binds to the epidermal growth factor receptor ( EGFR ) and has been implicated in the development of several types of human tumours . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
We have studied the effect of the EGFr ligands EGF and transforming growth factor alpha ( TGFalpha ) , alone and with insulin like growth factors IGF 1 and IGF 2 on BPC growth . ^^^ EGFr may be expressed in BPCs , but TGFalpha exhibits a more potent growth stimulus than EGF . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Epidermal growth factor ( EGF ) and transforming growth factor alpha ( TGF alpha ) stimulate cellular proliferation , whereas epidermal growth factor receptor ( EGFR ) and c erb B 2 oncoprotein are involved in the regulation of cellular growth . ^^^ The present study investigated the prognostic value of these growth factors ( EGF and TGF alpha ) and oncogene products ( EGFR and c erb B 2 ) in TCC UUT . ^^^ Immunohistochemically , EGF was recognized as positive in 50 . 4 % of the samples , TGF alpha in 27 . 8 % , EGFR in 41 . 3 % , and c erb B 2 oncoprotein in 6 . 8 % . ^^^ The immunoreactivity for EGF and c erb B 2 oncoprotein was significantly ( P < 0 . 05 ) correlated with both stage and grade , whereas TGF alpha correlated only with stage and EGFR only with grade . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
To determine the localisation of the EGF receptor , purified cell populations were immunolabelled with anti EGFR antibody and an FITC labelled second antibody for fluorescence light microscopy and colloidal gold labelled antibody for scanning electron microscopy ( SEM ) . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
It may be that a switch in the production of the predominant EGFr ligand from EGF to TGF alpha is an important feature in the development and maintenance of the malignant phenotype . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
The expression of epidermal growth factor receptor ( EGF R ) , transforming growth factor alpha ( TGFalpha ) , and epidermal growth factor ( EGF ) was evaluated in a series of prostate cancer ( CaP ; n = 55 ) and benign prostate hyperplasia ( BPH ; n = 44 ) specimens using immunocytochemistry ( ICC ) and Northern blotting . ^^^ Elevated levels of EGF R and TGFalpha , mRNA , and protein were observed in carcinoma cells compared with benign , secretory epithelium using in situ hybridization and immunocytochemistry . ^^^ In carcinoma specimens evidence of an autocrine growth loop is provided by a correlation between EGF R and TGFalpha , mRNA ( P < . 0001 ) , and protein expression ( P < . 01 ) . ^^^ A trend toward increased expression of EGF R and TGFalpha protein with dedifferentiation and a similar trend in the growth fraction suggest a role in tumor progression . ^^^ Although there was a correlation between EGF R and the proliferative index ( P < . 01 ) , no relationship was found between this latter parameter and TGFalpha immunoreactivity ( P > . 05 ) , indicating that this growth factor may be linked with other aspects of malignant activity rather than directly stimulating proliferation . . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Since alpha6beta4 is expressed in a variety of tissues regulated by the EGF receptor ( EGFR ) , we have examined the effect of EGF on the cytoskeletal and signaling functions of alpha6beta4 . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Immunoprecipitation indicated that 170 kd EGFR was expressed in each of the tumors , and showed normal down regulation following treatment with EGF . ^^^ Stimulated migration of the cells was frequently seen and was also concentration dependent on EGF ; the magnitude of response was related to the relative level of 170 kd EGFR expression in the cells . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
To explore the role played by a member of the Jak family , Jak 2 , in hematopoietic cell growth signaling , we constructed a chimeric cDNA coding for the Jak 2 tyrosine kinase domain linked to the extracellular and transmembrane regions of the epidermal growth factor ( EGF ) receptor ( EGFR ) and expressed the chimera in an interleukin ( IL ) 3 dependent cell line , 32D . ^^^ EGF stimulation of the transfectants induced dose dependent tyrosine phosphorylation of the EGFR / Jak2 chimera and Stat 5 , which correlated with the EGF dose dependence of cell proliferation . ^^^ In addition , because EGF induces homodimerization of the EGFR to activate its tyrosine kinase activity , the present study , which shows EGF dependent activation of the EGFR / Jak2 chimera , implies that Jak 2 may also become activated by homodimerization . . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
EGF , TGF alpha , AR , and HB EGF all stimulated qualitatively similar patterns of erbB family receptor tyrosine phosphorylation and coupling to physiologic responses . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
NA
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
One pathway for the initiation of DNA synthesis is EGF receptor ( EGF R ) signaling through Ras and mitogen activated protein kinase ( MAPK ) . ^^^ Because Ras activation by EGF involves EGF stimulated association of EGF R with Grb 2 , the EGF R was immunoprecipitated and a Western blot was probed for Grb 2 . ^^^ As expected we found that EGF stimulated an association of EGF R with Grb 2 , PRL , however , blocked this association . ^^^ When we looked at the ability of Shc to associate with the EGF R , we found that PRL and EGF had little effect on this association . ^^^ The studies demonstrate that PRL either directly or indirectly inhibits the ability of EGF to induce EGF R association with Grb 2 , to activate Ras , and to activate and phosphorylate MAPK . . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Gelsolin anti sense oligonucleotide ( 20 microM ) treatment of NR 6 cells expressing the motogenic full length ( WT ) and truncated c ' 1000 EGFR decreased endogenous gelsolin by 30 60 % ; this resulted in preferential reduction of EGF ( 25 nM ) induced cell movement by > 50 % with little effect on the basal motility . ^^^ EGF treatment decreased the gelsolin mass associated with the membrane fraction in motogenic WT and c ' 1000 EGFR NR 6 cells but not in cells expressing the fully mitogenic , but nonmotogenic c ' 973 EGFR . ^^^ In vivo expression of a peptide that is reported to compete in vitro with gelsolin in binding to PIP 2 dramatically increased basal cell motility in NR 6 cells expressing either motogenic ( WT and c ' 1000 ) or nonmotogenic ( c ' 973 ) EGFR ; EGF did not further augment cell motility and gelsolin mobilization . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Also analyzed was the expression of the growth factors TGF alpha , EGF , and insulin as well as the EGF receptor ( EGF R ) , p 53 and the putative anti metastasis gene nm 23 H1 . ^^^ Benign pancreatic B cell hyperplasias were slightly or moderately positive for N ras and TGF alpha , and were weakly positive for EGF R . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
CG 5 estrogen sensitive human breast cancer cells contain specific Epidermal Growth Factor receptors ( EGF R , Kd = 0 . 09 0 . 17 nM ) and respond to the mitogenic effect of EGF . ^^^ When cells were exposed to 100 IU / ml of natural beta interferon ( n beta IFN ) the binding of EGF to the cell membrane was reduced after 72 hours of treatment , while the exposure of CG 5 cells to 1000 IU / ml of n beta IFN resulted in an EGF R reduction which started after 48 hours and became statistically significant after 72 120 hours . ^^^ Our results indicate that IFN treatment down regulates EGF R in estrogen sensitive breast cancer cells and suggests that this down regulation may be involved in the inhibitory action of IFN on cell growth . . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Upon EGF binding , clustering and internalization of EGF receptor ( EGF R ) complexes are observed . ^^^ Under conditions , when 40 % EGF R complexes were internalized their activity consisted of 46 % of the total after inactivation 60 % surface bound receptors . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
NA
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Epidermal growth factor receptor ( EGF R ) in human middle ear cholesteatoma : an analysis of protein production and gene expression . ^^^ Previous studies have shown an altered epithelial cell proliferation in middle ear cholesteatoma , reporting an aberrant expression of epidermal growth factor receptor ( EGF R ) glycoprotein by immunohistochemistry . ^^^ In this study , we quantified the presence of EGF R using enzyme linked immunosorbent assays ( ELISAs ) on tissue extracts , as well as the EGF R gene expression by in situ hybridization on frozen sections . ^^^ The amounts of EGF R glycoprotein in cholesteatoma were very similar to those in human skin . ^^^ Human skin showed EGF R messenger RNA ( mRNA ) only in the basal layer . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Epidermal Growth Factor ( EGF ) is a mitogenic peptide that binds to surface membrane receptors ( EGFR ) of breast cancer cells . ^^^ The activity of the EGF / EGFR system can be modulated by a variety of chemically unrelated compounds including cytostatic agents . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
In the present study we followed the different steps of epidermal growth factor receptor ( EGF R ) endocytosis in freshly isolated rat hepatocytes . ^^^ Binding of labeled EGF to hepatocytes permeabilized by digitonin shows that 75 % of the total EGF R are localized at the cell surface . ^^^ The internalization rate constants measured as a function of a range 125I EGF concentrations ( 0 . 01 5 nM ) involving various degrees of EGF R occupancy show superimposable curves . ^^^ This indicates that the specific internalization rate of EGF R complex is independent of receptor occupancy . ^^^ Streptozotocin induced diabetes reduces the number of low affinity EGF R to 50 , 000 and produces a complete loss of high affinity sites . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
In situ hybridization for epidermal growth factor receptor ( EGF R ) after RHPA for mPL 1 indicated that giant cells releasing mPL 1 express EGF R mRNA . ^^^ Giant cells releasing mPL 1 express EGF R mRNA , suggesting direct regulation of giant cell differentiation by EGF and TGF alpha at midpregnancy . . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
To study the role played by this growth factor circuit in the proliferation and differentiation of myogenic neoplastic cells , human rhabdomyosarcoma EGF R expressing cells ( RD / 18 clone ) have been transfected with a plasmid containing a fragment of the EGF R cDNA in the antisense orientation . ^^^ A reduced EGF R membrane expression was found in AS clones by decreased immunofluorescence with an anti EGF R monoclonal antibody . ^^^ The role played by EGF R in the proliferation of human rhabdomyosarcoma cells suggests that this receptor could constitute a target for a therapeutic approach . . ^^^ Human rhabdomyosarcoma cells express membrane epidermal growth factor receptor ( ECF R ) , which could confer responsiveness to EGF and transforming growth factor alpha ( TGF alpha ) of autocrine or paracrine origin . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
NA
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
NA
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Similar biologic responses in EGF R levels have been demonstrated within human psoriatic skin grafted onto mice . ^^^ We tested the hypothesis that flaky skin mice ( fsn / fsn ) , one proposed genetic animal model of psoriasis , would display EGF R levels comparable to human psoriatic epidermis and show similar biologic responses . ^^^ EGF R levels were characterized in unperturbed sites in fsn / fsn skin and + / . skin by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay , 125I EGF binding , and immunostaining . ^^^ Altered EGF R levels were noted after mild trauma ( tape stripping ) or under resolving conditions ( 30 doses of 50 mJ / CM2 ultraviolet B , 2 . 5 mg / kg oral cyclosporin A , or daily 30 microg / ml topical EGF ) . ^^^ Increased EGF R immunostaining was observed in involved flaky epidermal sites before treatment . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
By means of northern blot analysis we demonstrated expression of the genes encoding basic fibroblast growth factor ( bFGF ) , transforming growth factor beta ( TGF beta 1 ) , vascular endothelial growth factor ( VEGF ) , FGF receptor 1 ( flg type ) and epidermal growth factor receptor ( EGF receptor ) by both differentiated and dedifferentiated human corneal endothelial cells . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Epidermal growth factor receptor ( EGF r ) , a membrane bound glycoprotein activated by EGF , is important in maintaining the integrity and function of the prostate . ^^^ To investigate EGF r presence in the prostate of the rhesus monkey , monoclonal antibody immunohistochemical examination was performed . ^^^ The distribution patterns of EGF r in the prostatic epithelial cells were quite different between the cranial and caudal lobes . ^^^ In the caudal lobe , EGF r was seen in both secretory and basal cells , whereas , in the cranial lobe , the EGF r was seen exclusively in the basal cells . ^^^ The stromal cells of both lobes did not show EGF r . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
This study is an attempt to identify and localize transforming growth factor alpha ( TGF alpha ) , epidermal growth factor ( EGF ) , and EGF receptor ( EGF R ) in human fetal ovaries . ^^^ We examined the sections microscopically using the specific antibodies against TGF alpha , EGF , and EGF R . ^^^ These results combined with our previous demonstration of messenger ribonucleic acid for these growth factors suggest roles for TGF alpha , EGF , and EGF R in human fetal ovarian development . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
In breast cancer , epidermal growth factor ( EGF ) receptor ( EGFR ) expression is inversely correlated with expression of estrogen receptor ( ER ) and predicts the prognosis and failure of endocrine therapy . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Gastric biopsies from oxyntic and antral mucosa were studied by histology and by histochemistry for proliferating cell nuclear antigen ( PCNA ) , epidermal growth factor ( EGF ) , transforming growth factor alpha ( TGF alpha ) , and epidermal growth factor receptor ( EGFr ) . ^^^ ASA treatment did not change the expression of EGF and EGFr significantly . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
NA
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
The inhibitory effect of stearate on cell proliferation was dose and time dependent and independent of EGF receptor ( EGFR ) tyrosine phosphorylation . ^^^ Pretreatment of cells with pertussis toxin ( 0 . 1 microgram / ml for 24 hours ) inhibited the EGF induced cell growth by 50 + / 8 % , also independent of EGFR tyrosine phosphorylation . ^^^ Pretreatment of cells with 0 . 15 mmol / L stearate from 0 to 6 hours inhibits , in parallel , both the EGF induced cell proliferation and pertussis toxin catalyzed ADP ribosylation of the G protein associated with the EGFR . ^^^ These studies suggest that long chain saturated fatty acids inhibit EGF induced breast cancer cell growth via a mechanism involving an EGFR G protein signaling pathway . . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
The expression patterns of various cytokeratin protein types such as 10 / 11 , 13 & 16 , 19 , 18 , 14 and pancytokeratin , involucrin , ras p 21 , epidermal growth factor ( EGF ) and its receptor ( EGFR ) were assessed immunohistochemically in various stages of tumor progression in oral mucosa . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
TGF beta 1 increased expression of RNAs encoding the EGF R and amphiregulin , and also increased numbers of cell surface EGF Rs without altering their affinity . ^^^ Growth stimulation by TGF beta 1 could be blocked by a monoclonal antibody that competes for binding to the EGF R or by a mixture of monoclonal antibodies that neutralize amphiregulin activity , confirming the importance of this autocrine pathway . ^^^ Thus , partial abrogation of the growth inhibitory response to TGF beta 1 sensitizes HPV immortalized keratinocytes to a growth stimulatory signal mediated by an EGF R dependent pathway involving autocrine stimulation by amphiregulin . . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
The effects are exerted through the epidermal growth factor receptor ( EGF receptor ) , which is present on many different kinds of cells . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Herbimycin A suppressed the tyrosine autophosphorylation of EGFR and IL 6 mRNA expression and production , all of which were stimulated by EGF . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Because neonatal estrogen treatment results in permanent changes in the female mouse genital tract ( permanent vaginal cornification , cervical adenosis and tumors , changed growth control mechanisms in uterus ) , it was of interest to study possible acute and permanent effects of such treatment on distribution and levels of EGF , its receptor ( EGF r ) , and c fos and to relate such changes to morphological development and appearance of epithelial abnormalities . ^^^ EGF r and c fos occurred in both uterine epithelium and stroma and in the vaginal epithelium ; levels and distribution pattern were affected by estrogen . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
We analyzed expression of transforming growth factor ( TGF ) alpha , epidermal growth factor ( EGF ) and their receptor , EGF receptor ( EGFR ) , by immunohistochemistry in the human testis to determine the possible roles of these growth factors in human testicular function . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
NA
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
NA
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
NA
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
NA
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Injections of epidermal growth factor ( EGF ) enhanced the expression of EGFR mRNA but not EGF mRNA through day 5 postnatally in the follicle . ^^^ By day 7 postnatally , the amount of EGFR mRNA was dramatically reduced and EGF injection at that time or later did not enhance its expression . ^^^ Cultured dental follicle cells were also shown to contain both EGFR mRNA and EGF mRNA , but only EGFR mRNA expression was enhanced after incubation of the cells with EGF . ^^^ This enhancement of EGFR mRNA in the dental follicle cells by EGF may be a necessary prelude to the mitogenic effect of EGF on the cultured cells because incubating the dental follicle cells in EGF over 6 days resulted in almost a doubling in their number as compared to controls . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Animals harboring strong mutations of either grk or EGF receptor tyrosine kinase ( Egfr ) or doubly mutant for brn and weak grk or Egfr mutations produce ovarian follicles with multiple sets of nurse cell oocyte complexes . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
METHODS : Northern hybridization of the transcript expression of type 1 cytokine receptors ( EGFR , IL 1R , and PDGFR beta ) , type 2 cytokines ( bFGF , LIF , and TGF beta 1 ) , and type 3 cytokines ( HGF and KGF ) by human corneal and limbal fibroblasts was conducted under the modulation of TGF alpha , PDGF BB , IL 1 beta , and EGF ( type 1 cytokines ) . ^^^ Unlike EGF , TGF alpha upregulated additional EGFR , PDGFR beta , bFGF , and TGF beta 1 , suggesting that although they share the same EGFR , TGF alpha , which is produced by epithelium , is more effective in activating fibroblasts than EGF , which is present in tears . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
The aim of this study was to determine whether peripheral blood monocytes of glioma patients release EGF , the appropriate ligand of gliomacell membrane bound EGFR . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Immunisation of allogeneic but not syngeneic mice with antihuman epidermal growth factor receptor ( EGF R ) MAb MINT 5 or anti HER 2 / neu MGR 6 MAb elicited a detectable titre of circulating antibodies , particularly when the MAb was coupled with the keyhole limpet haemocyanin and administered together with Freund ' s adjuvant . ^^^ We analysed whether a possible recognition of murine EGF R by MAb MINT 5 or a mimicry of EGF by the MAb idiotype prevented or delayed the development of an idiotypic cascade in mice . ^^^ MINT 5 inhibited human and murine EGF binding to the human EGF R , whereas the anti Ab 1 response competed with MINT 5 but not with murine EGF binding to A 431 human epidermoid carcinoma cells . ^^^ Moreover , MINT 5 did not recognise the murine EGF R . ^^^ The ability of MAb MINT 5 to block human EGF R function , together with its low immunogenicity in patients , raise the possibility of its application in carcinoma immunotherapy . . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
NA
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
NA
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
NA
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
NA
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
NA
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
NA
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
NA
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Inhibition of PLC gamma activation by U 73122 ( 1 microM ) augmented the EGF induced [ 3H ] thymidine incorporation by 23 55 % in two transduced NR 6 fibroblast lines expressing motility responsive EGFR ; increased cell division and mitosis was observed in parallel . ^^^ Cells expressing these PKC resistant EGFR constructs demonstrated EGF induced motility comparable to cells expressing the threonine containing EGFR . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
We show that treatment of A 431 cells with 10 nM EGF induced a 15 fold increase in EGF R autophosphorylation , leading to inhibition of cell proliferation and morphological features of apoptosis . ^^^ However , at a lower concentration of EGF ( 0 . 01 nM ) , there is a 2 fold increase in EGF R autophosphorylation and increased cell proliferation when compared to untreated cells . ^^^ When A 431 cells were simultaneously treated with 10 nM EGF and EGF R antibody , there was a significant reduction in EGF R autophosphorylation that was associated with increased cell proliferation . ^^^ Based on these results , we postulate that overexpression of EGF R could allow for selective growth advantage for tumor cells in the presence of normal or decreased ligand availability . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Since the mitogenic action of EGF is mediated by ligand induced autophosphorylation of the EGF receptor ( EGFR ) , and EGFR is commonly overexpressed in solid human tumours , inhibitors of receptor tyrosine kinase activity ( RTK ) could prove to be effective antitumour agents . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
We investigated the effect of epidermal growth factor ( EGF ) on amino acid transport in the rat placenta and the hormonal and nutritional regulation of hepatic expression of epidermal growth factor receptor ( EGFR ) . ^^^ This result indicated that there is hormonal regulation of EGF binding to hepatocytes and that changes of some hormone levels may affect hepatic EGFR expression . . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
BACKGROUND : This study was designed to determine whether transforming growth factor alpha ( TGF alpha ) , epidermal growth factor ( EGF ) , and their common receptor ( EGFR ) are involved in the recovery of the gastric mucosa after exposure to water immersion and restraint stress . ^^^ Sections were stained immunohistochemically for proliferating nuclear antigen ( an index of cellular proliferation ) and TGF alpha , EGF , and EGFR . ^^^ During the recovery phase a marked increase in the expression of EGF peaked at 4 h , whereas the expression of EGFR peaked 6 h after stress . ^^^ Thereafter the labelling indices for EGF and EGFR decreased , whereas DNA synthesis showed a gradual increase starting after about 6 h and peaking 12 h after the stress . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
In parallel paraffin sections we performed immunostaining for epidermal growth factor ( EGF ) , transforming growth factor alpha ( TGF alpha ) and epidermal growth factor receptor ( EGFr ) using a biotin streptavidin method . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
NA
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
NA
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
The aims of the present study were a ) to compare the lateral mobility of epidermal growth factor receptors ( EGF R ) in cultured human keratinocytes and human foreskin fibroblasts , b ) to investigate effects of ultraviolet B radiation on the mobility of EGF R in these cells , and c ) study the response of EGF R on addition of antioxidant enzymes . ^^^ The epidermal growth factor receptors were labeled with rhodaminated EGF , the lateral diffusion was determined and the fraction of mobile EGF R assessed with the fluorescence recovery after photobleaching ( FRAP ) . ^^^ We found that human keratinocytes display a higher basal level of EGF R mobility than human skin fibroblasts , viz . with diffusion coefficients ( D + / standard error of the mean , SEM ) of 4 . 2 + / 0 . 2 10 10 ( 10 ) cm2 / s , and 1 . 8 + / 0 . 2 10 10 ( 10 ) cm2 / s , respectively . ^^^ In both cell types the percentage of EGF R fluorescence recovery after photobleaching , i . e . the fraction of mobile receptors , was significantly increased after irradiation . ^^^ It is concluded that UVB radiation of fibroblasts and keratinocytes can affect their biophysical properties of EGF R . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Transforming growth factor alpha ( TGF alpha ) , epidermal growth factor ( EGF ) , and epidermal growth factor receptor ( EGFR ) were immunolocalized in the paraffin embedded sections of the uteri at 0600 hr on day 5 pc . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Stimulation of NRG receptors , erbB 3 and erbB 4 initiates oligomerization between these receptors or between these receptors and other members of the epidermal growth factor ( EGF ) receptor family , resulting in stimulation of their associated tyrosine kinase activities . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
The effect of the anthranoids , anthralin and hypericin , on epidermal growth factor receptor ( EGF R ) activation and their degree of specificity was examined . ^^^ Hypericin , but not anthralin , was found to inhibit binding of [ 125I ] labelled epidermal growth factor ( EGF ) to HN 5 squamous carcinoma cells that overexpress EGF R . ^^^ This effect was a result of dose and time dependent reduction of EGF R number and affinity . ^^^ Neither compound directly inhibited EGF induced tyrosine phosphorylation of the EGF R in HN 5 cells . ^^^ When tested in proliferation assays using cells expressing differing numbers of EGF R , the growth inhibitory effects of both compounds were independent of EGF R number . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
EGF receptor ( EGF R ) and c erbB 2 are homologous tyrosine kinase transmembrane receptors . ^^^ We studied the location of EGF R and c erbB 2 in 100 samples of normal breast with standard immunohistochemical methods and double labelling techniques . ^^^ EGF R was mainly expressed on the stroma and myoepithelial cells , whereas c erbB 2 expression was exclusively epithelial . ^^^ EGF R and c erbB 2 expression on epithelial cells was stronger during the luteal phase than the follicular phase ( p < 0 . 01 for EGF R ) . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
NA
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
The specific immunolabeling of layer 5 neurons in the adult cortex with anti c neu and anti EGFr suggests that the p185c neu ligand and EGF regulate the activity of corticofugal systems . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
We now report that EGF receptor ( EGFR ) mediated signals can induce incorporation of glucose into glycogen and lipids in these cells . ^^^ Incorporation into lipids was stimulated to similar levels by insulin or EGF in adipocytes expressing full length ( wild type ) EGFR ( 2 . 05 + / 0 . 26 fold for insulin vs . 2 . 28 + / 0 . 15 fold for EGF ) . ^^^ Thus , domains in the COOH terminal tail of the EGFR , which are necessary for stimulating glucose transport , are not required for signaling EGF induced glucose storage . ^^^ EGF induced glucose storage did not require de novo protein synthesis , suggesting that EGFR signaling uses existing pathways in the adipocytes . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Heparin binding epidermal growth factor like growth factor ( HB EGF ) is a recently described member of the EGF family that binds to and stimulates phosphorylation of the EGF receptor ( EGFR ) . ^^^ In view of the wide expression of its cognitive receptor , EGFR , in central nervous system neurons , our results suggest that HB EGF is an endogenous ligand for EGFR in the central nervous system and may play an important role in physiological conditions . . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Carcinomas of the prostate and other lineages often present an autocrine stimulatory loop acting via the EGF receptor ( EGFR ) . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
METHODS : The expression of transforming growth factor alpha ( TGF alpha ) , epidermal growth factor ( EGF ) , EGF receptor ( EGFR ) and interleukin 6 ( IL 6 ) were studied in surgically obtained RCC ( n = 17 ) , cultured RCC ( n = 10 ) , and autologous cultured RTC ( n = 15 ) . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Epidermal growth factor ( EGF ) and its receptor ( EGF R ) have been implicated as mediators for estrogen induced cellular growth . ^^^ This study examines whether the action of the estrogenic pesticide methoxychlor ( MXC ) parallels the action of 17 beta estradiol ( E 2 ) on uterine EGF R . ^^^ Rats were treated with E 2 , MXC , or vehicle plus 100 micrograms actinomycin D ( ACT D ) or 100 micrograms cycloheximide ( CYCLO ) per rat to determine if mRNA transcription and translation are involved in the increased EGF R binding following estrogenic treatment . ^^^ Only ACT D inhibited the estrogenic stimulation of EGF R binding , resulting in a 44 % decrease when given concurrently with E 2 or MXC , suggesting transcription is required . ^^^ When EGF R binding data were analyzed by the method of Scatchard , both E 2 and MXC , at maximal dosages , elevated uterine EGF R binding sites by over 200 % after 12 h as measured by maximal binding ( Bmax ) with no significant difference in dissociation constant ( Kd ) values . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
NA
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Although the factors that regulate this process in vivo are not known , recent in vitro studies demonstrated that members of the epidermal growth factor ( EGF ) family including transforming growth factor alpha ( TGF alpha ) and EGF are highly potent in promoting the proliferation of progenitor cells , suggesting a role for the EGF receptor ( EGFR ) , which is the molecular receptor for both mitogens . ^^^ These results suggest that EGFR mediates the mitogenic effect of TGF alpha and / or EGF on the quiescent basal cells to initiate the cell cycle . . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Further , substrate ( EGFR ) and phosphatase have been separated : a membrane preparation of cells that have been treated with epidermal growth factor ( EGF ) and whose dephosphorylating enzymes have been permanently destroyed by iodoacetamide can be mixed with a membrane preparation from untreated cells which re establishes EGFR dephosphorylation . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Since mutant differentiated cultures had slower growth rates and increased levels of cell death , we concluded that : ( 1 ) inactive EGFR does not allow some cell types to survive and / or proliferate ; ( 2 ) tissues that do not require EGFR for their survival , development or function predominate in long term mutant cultures ; ( 3 ) EGFR activity is not necessary for cardiac and skeletal muscle or endoderm formation and ( 4 ) Impaired survival of EGF dependent lineages leads to preferential selection of muscle in differentiating ES cells . . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
These studies have suggested a `` cross talk ' ' model in which EGF receptor ( EGF R ) signaling results in activation of nuclear estrogen receptor ( ER ) and its target genes in an estrogen independent manner . ^^^ The EGF R levels , autophosphorylation , and c fos induction were observed at equivalent levels in both genotypes indicating that removal of ER did not disrupt the EGF responses . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
The purposes of the study were to characterize the expression patterns of EGF and TGF alpha and their receptor , EGF receptor ( EGF R ) , and to analyze regional patterns of cell proliferation during primary palate morphogenesis when facial primordia outgrow and fuse to form the premaxillary and upper lip regions . ^^^ EGF , TGF alpha , and EGF R were found to have similar distribution patterns at all stages examined . ^^^ BrdU and PCNA were found to have distribution patterns similar to those of EGF , TGF alpha , and EGF R , with intense staining at the tips and peripheral regions of the facial prominences . ^^^ These results show that EGF , TGF alpha , and their receptor were expressed more intensely in regions of the developing primary palate where cell proliferation was most pronounced , and suggest that EGF , TGF alpha , and EGF R may play a role in cell proliferation during morphogenesis of the primary palate . . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
NA
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Treatment of MG cells with GG ( GM 1 , GT1b ) and asialoGM 1 resulted in modifications of several aspects of cellular responses to EGF and FGF receptor ( R ) activation : mitogenesis , cell migration , tyrosine phosphorylation of the EGF R and FGF R and even their cellular substrates were particularly influenced by GG . ^^^ Indeed GG caused modifications of EGF R and FGF R autophosphorylation kinetics . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Epidermal growth factor ( EGF ) stimulated Ras activation involves specific interactions between the EGF receptor ( EGFR ) , the adaptor proteins Grb 2 and Shc , and the nucleotide exchange factor Sos 1 . ^^^ Consequently , this intracellular peptide inhibited EGF induced EGFR / Grb2 associations but not EGFR / Shc or Shc / Grb2 associations . ^^^ These results indicate that the binding of Grb 2 to the phosphorylated Tyr 1068 of EGFR is crucial to the EGF induced Ras / mitogen activated protein kinase signaling pathway . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
The adhesion of different epidermal growth factor ( EGF ) receptor ( EGFR ) expressing cell lines to various extracellular matrix ( ECM ) proteins is influenced by EGF . ^^^ To investigate a putative receptor crosstalk between EGFR and integrins we chose two cell lines for a more detailed analysis : the highly metastatic rat mammary carcinoma clone MTLn 3 that showed increased adhesion to a panel of ECM proteins in the presence of 10 ng / ml EGF and the nonmetastatic human vulva carcinoma cell line A 431 which showed a decreased adhesion under the same conditions . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Blocking the EGF receptor ( EGFR ) with monoclonal anti receptor antibody completely abolished the dedifferentiating effects of EGF and also significantly reduced the mitogenic effect of the peptide . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
The epidermal growth factor ( EGF ) , the transforming growth factor alpha ( TGFalpha ) and the epidermal growth factor receptor ( EGFr ) have been immunolocalized , ( 1 ) during the testicular postnatal development ( i . e . at the perinatal , prepubertal and adult periods ) , and ( 2 ) during the seminiferous epithelium cycle in the different germ cell types . ^^^ Furthermore , identification of EGFr in different testicular cell types indicates that during postnatal development and spermatogenesis , testicular cells are potentially responsive to EGF in that they express EGFr . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
NA
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
TGF beta , EGF receptor ( EGF R ) , are known to be modulated by CORT , we postulate that CORT modulation of growth factor ( or receptor ) gene expression is a key mechanism involved in CORT induced cleft palate . ^^^ To test this hypothesis , we analyzed the steady state levels ( Northern and RNase protection ) and developmental expression ( in situ hybridization ) of four CORT responsive genes TGF Beta 1 , TGF beta 2 , TGF beta 3 , and EGF receptor ( EGF R ) in developing mouse palates in the presence or absence of exogenous CORT . ^^^ During mouse palate development , significant increases in TGF beta 1 and TGF beta 3 mRNA levels , as well as significant decrease in TGF beta 2 mRNA levels , are detected ; no significant difference in EGF R transcript level is observed with progressive development . ^^^ In CORT exposed palates , we demonstrate no significant differences in the direction or magnitude of change with time in TGF beta 1 , TGF beta 3 , and EGF R mRNA levels compared to controls . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
To study the potential growth regulatory role of soluble EGF receptors , we have isolated cDNA clones encoding a truncated , secreted form of the human EGFR . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
To add information on the mechanism of action of EGF and transforming growth factor alpha ( TGF alpha ) , a peptide correlated to EGF , and the EGF receptor ( EGF R ) in the human prostate , we studied the expression and cellular localization of messenger ribonucleic acid ( RNA ) encoding EGF , EGF R , and TGF alpha in BPH tissue . ^^^ Reverse transcriptase PCR of total RNA extracted from BPH tissues documented the presence of specific transcripts for EGF , EGF R , and TGF alpha . ^^^ In situ hybridization with specific RNA probes synthesized from the respective complementary DNA demonstrated that EGF , EGF R , and TGF alpha messenger RNAs were mainly localized in the epithelial cells . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Little is known about the role of the N linked oligosaccharides in the function of the epidermal growth factor ( EGF ) receptor ( EGF R ) . ^^^ Consistent with the inhibitory effects on the EGF R , phenotypic events that depend on EGF R signaling , such as cell spreading and proliferation , were also found to be modified . ^^^ The effect of this lectin seems to be specific because leukoagglutinating phytohemagglutinin lectin from P . vulgaris ( L PHA ) , an isolectin of E PHA , had no effect on EGF R activity or the biological functions of these cells even though L PHA was able to bind to the EGF R . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
NA
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
NA
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
NA
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
NA
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
NA
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
NA
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
NA
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
NA
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
NA
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
NA
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
NA
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Expression of epidermal growth factor receptor ( EGF R ) antisense RNA results in a drastic reduction of EGF R levels in the human carcinoma KB cell line and induces a reversion of their transformed phenotype ( Moroni , M . ^^^ We used parental and EGF R antisense KB clones as a genetic system to study , in the same cell line , the role of transforming growth factor alpha ( TGF alpha ) in the establishment and maintenance of the transformed phenotype . ^^^ In addition , the decrease in TGF alpha parallels the levels of residual EGF R in the various antisense clones , indicating a direct correlation between receptors and growth factor levels . ^^^ We conclude that the autocrine loop responsible for the transformed phenotype of the human carcinoma KB cell line is dependent on both elevated levels of EGF R and the presence of TGF alpha . ^^^ In addition , TGF alpha is able to induce its own mRNA via a signal due to activation of the EGF R acting predominantly at the post transcriptional level . . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
It has been assumed that substitution of homologous regions of transforming growth factor alpha ( TGF alpha ) into epidermal growth factor ( EGF ) can be used to probe ligand receptor recognition without detrimental effects on ligand characteristics for the human EGF receptor ( EGFR ) . ^^^ Thus , when EGFR autophosphorylation was measured , mEGF / TGF alpha 44 50 was more potent than EGF , despite its low affinity . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Epidermal growth factor ( EGF ) stimulation leads to autophosphorylation of the epidermal growth factor receptor ( EGFR ) and tyrosine phosphorylation of Shc . ^^^ Therefore , EGF treatment potentially results in the formation of several multimeric signaling complexes , including EGFR Grb 2 mSos1 , EGFR Shc Grb 2 mSos1 , and Shc Grb 2 mSos1 , linking the receptor to activation of the Ras GTPase . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Stimulation by epidermal growth factor ( EGF ) of NIH3T3 cells overexpressing the EGF receptor ( EGFR ) results in a release of Ca2+ from internal stores . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
PATIENTS AND METHODS : We studied the expression of transforming growth factor alpha ( TGF alpha ) , epidermal growth factor ( EGF ) and EGF receptor ( EGF R ) at the gene message and the protein level in parathyroid tissue obtained from six patients with primary hyperparathyroidism , 15 patients with secondary uraemic hyperparathyroidism and five subjects with normal parathyroid tissue , using in situ hybridization and / or immunostaining technique . ^^^ A marked expression of EGF R mRNA and protein was also found in four of five tissue samples of primary parathyroid adenoma , in 13 of 15 tissue samples of secondary parathyroid hyperplasia and in most samples of normal parathyroid gland tissue . ^^^ CONCLUSION : Since TGF alpha is known to bind to the EGF R , the finding of an increased expression of TGF alpha at the gene message and the protein level , together with a strong expression of EGF R , in hyperplastic and adenomatous parathyroid glands suggests that this growth factor interacts with its receptor to promote parathyroid cell proliferation , perhaps by an autocrine mechanism . . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
NA
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
BACKGROUND : Evidence exists that estrogens influence the action of epidermal growth factor ( EGF ) and its receptor ( EGF R ) at multiple levels . ^^^ Estrogen and antiestrogen action on gastric and other gastrointestinal malignancies has been evaluated by several groups with conflicting results , and EGF R has been implicated in the current growth factor mediated models for gastric cancer progression . ^^^ ER ( + ) gastric tumors were closely associated with the intestinal type ( P < 0 . 01 ) , whereas EGF R ( + ) tumors were significantly correlated with poor differentiation status and ER ( + ) expression ( P < 0 . 01 ) . ^^^ Of EGF R ( + ) tumors , 85 % were also ER ( + ) . ^^^ EGF R and ER co expression was demonstrated in 17 tumors ( 32 % of the group ) . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Defined sequences from the EGF like domain of human heregulin beta 1 ( HRGbeta 1 ) were recombined with a synthetic gene for human epidermal growth factor ( hEGF ) in an attempt to locate receptor specific determinants within the HRGbeta 1 molecule that blocks its inappropriate association with the EGF receptor ( EGFR ) . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
One therapeutic strategy for overcoming EGF autocrine control of tumour growth is inhibition of EGFR protein tyrosine kinase ( PTK ) . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Human epidermal growth factor [ hEGF ( 1 53 ) ] has been thought to be cleared mainly via an EGF receptor ( EGFR ) endocytosis pathway . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Benzylidenemalononitrile ( BMN ) tyrphostins were previously found to be potent inhibitors of EGF receptor ( EGFR ) tyrosine kinase activity . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Moreover , monoclonal antibodies to the EGF receptor ( EGFR ) sensitize cells to radiation by facilitating radiation induced apoptosis . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
The present study was designed to investigate the messenger ribonucleic acid ( mRNA ) expression of transforming growth factor ( TGF ) alpha , TGF beta 1 , TGF beta 2 , TGF beta 3 , keratinocyte growth factor ( KGF ) , epidermal growth factor ( EGF ) , EGF receptor ( EGF R ) , and KGF receptor ( KGF R ) in human fetal and adult prostatic tissues and cancer cell lines by reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction ( RT PCR ) using specific oligonucleotide primers . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
NA
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
NA
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
NA
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
NA
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
NA
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
NA
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
NA
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
NA
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
NA
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
NA
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
NA
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
NA
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
NA
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
NA
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
NA
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
NA
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
NA
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
NA
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
The epidermal growth factor receptor ( EGF R ) is present on the basolateral , but not the apical , surface of enterocytes in the human gastrointestinal tract . ^^^ If EGF is important in maintaining normal gut growth , the EGF receptor ( EGF R ) should be present on the apical ( luminal ) surface in addition to the basolateral surface . ^^^ AIMS / SUBJECTS / METHODS : This study examined the distribution of the EGF R in the epithelium throughout the human gastro intestinal tract using immunohistochemistry , electron microscopy , and western blotting of brush border preparations . ^^^ RESULTS : Immunostaining of the oesophagus showed circumferential EGF R positivity in the cells of the basal portions of the stratified squamous epithelium but surface cells were EGF R negative . ^^^ EGF R positivity within the small intestine appeared to be almost entirely restricted to the proliferative ( crypt ) region . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Human pancreatic cancers over express the epidermal growth factor receptor ( EGF R ) and all 5 known ligands of the EGF family , including EGF , transforming growth factor alpha ( TGF alpha ) , amphiregulin , betacellulin and heparin binding EGF like growth factor ( HB EGF ) . ^^^ The aim of the present study was to confirm the presence of EGF R dependent autocrine loops in a human pancreatic cancer cell line and to explore the possibility that interrupting EGF R activation by introducing a truncated receptor abrogates pancreatic cancer cell growth . ^^^ PANC 1 cells were then either transfected with an expression plasmid encoding a kinase deficient EGF R cDNA ( HER 653 ) or infected with the same EGF R cDNA using a retroviral vector . ^^^ Multiple transfected and infected clones co expressed the truncated EGF R and endogenous EGF R as revealed by Northern blot analysis and immunoblots . ^^^ In these clones , there was a marked attenuation in EGF and TGF alpha mediated EGF R tyrosine phosphorylation and c fos induction . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Transforming growth factor alpha ( TGF alpha ) is one of a group of structurally related growth factors ( the epidermal growth factor family of ligands ) that interact with one or other members of the epidermal growth factor family of protein tyrosine kinase receptors ( EGF R ' s ) . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
The biologic significance of epidermal growth factor ( EGF ) related proteins and EGF receptor ( EGFR ) in the development and progression of human ovarian carcinoma was studied in 7 ovarian cystadenomas , 6 mucinous tumors of low malignant potential ( LMP ) , and 25 invasive adenocarcinomas by immunohistochemistry . ^^^ EGF , cripto , and EGFR expression was significantly higher in mucinous cystadenocarcinomas than in mucinous cystadenomas or mucinous tumors of LMP . ^^^ Coexpression of more than two of the EGF related proteins or EGFR significantly correlated with increased surgical stage in serous and clear cell carcinoma . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
NA
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Our working hypothesis was that feedback signals from the villus to cells in the crypt regulate proliferation , and that the growth factors EGF and TGF alpha with their common receptor EGF R are involved in stimulation of proliferation , while the growth factors TGF beta 1 3 with their receptors TGF beta RI and TGF beta RII are involved in inhibition of proliferation during this regulation . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
A bispecific fusion protein ( H 22 EGF ) that binds simultaneously to the epidermal growth factor receptor ( EGF R ) and to the high affinity receptor for the Fc portion of human IgG , Fc gammaRI ( CD 64 ) , has been successfully constructed and expressed . ^^^ For this construction , genomic DNA encoding the Fd fragment of humanized anti Fc gammaRI mAb , H 22 , which binds Fc gammaRI at an epitope that is distinct from the Fc binding site , was fused to cDNA encoding human epidermal growth factor ( EGF ) , a natural ligand for EGF R . ^^^ Using a novel bispecific flow cytometry binding assay , we demonstrated that the purified bispecific fusion protein , H 22 EGF , was able to bind simultaneously to soluble Fc gammaRI and EGF R expressing cells . ^^^ H 22 EGF inhibited the growth of EGF R overexpressing tumor cells and mediated dose dependent cytotoxicity of these cells in the presence of Fc gammaRI bearing cytotoxic effector cells . ^^^ These results suggest that this fusion protein may have therapeutic utility for EGF R overexpressing malignancies . . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
EGF R , ErbB 3 , and ErbB 4 were not detected in the CHK immunoprecipitates or in the precipitates of the GST SH 2 fusion proteins of CHK , suggesting that the association of CHK with ErbB 2 upon heregulin stimulation is receptor specific ( ErbB 2 ) and ligand specific ( heregulin ) . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
A chimeric epidermal growth factor receptor ( EGFR ) / RET receptor was constructed which contained the extracellular and transmembrane domains of the EGF receptor fused to the intracellular domain of RET . ^^^ Whereas the EGF receptor exhibited both high and low affinity binding sites for 125I EGF , the EGFR / RET chimera exhibited only low affinity binding of 125I EGF . ^^^ Pulse chase experiments indicated that EGF stimulated the degradation of the wild type EGF receptor but had no effect on the rate of degradation of the EGFR / RET receptor . ^^^ However , phorbol 12 myristate 13 acetate treatment had only a limited effect on EGF binding and EGF stimulated tyrosine kinase activity in cells expressing EGFR / RET chimeras . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
In a total of 113 cases of endometrial neoplasm , we studied the immunohistochemical expression of estradiol ( E 2 ) , epidermal growth factor ( EGF ) , transforming growth factor alpha ( TGFalpha ) , and epidermal growth factor receptor ( EGFR ) . ^^^ Positive immunoreactivity for EGF or EGFR was found in 25 . 6 % or 53 . 1 % of the neoplasms , respectively . ^^^ Simultaneous expression of E 2 , EGF and EGFR , or E 2 , TGFalpha and EGFR was found in 6 . 8 % and 15 . 9 % of endometrial carcinomas , respectively . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
We have studied the acute changes ( up to 30 days ) in the expression of epidermal growth factor ( EGF ) and its receptor ( EGFr ) in the kidneys of adult male Wistar rats made diabetic by a single intravenous injection of streptozotocin ( 55 mg / kg ) using a combination of immunocytochemical staining and in situ hybridization histochemistry . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Immunohistochemical data suggested that EGF , TGFalpha and EGFR were aprocine secretory products of the normal DLP , with TGFalpha and EGF localized to the supranuclear complexes and EGFR to the apical membranes of epithelial cells . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Thus , the possibility of an EGF receptor directed antiproliferative treatment was investigated in vitro using a monoclonal antibody ( alpha EGFR ior egf / r3 ) against the human EGF receptor and gangliosides which are known to possess antiproliferative and anti tyrosine kinase activity . ^^^ The moderate growth inhibitory effect of alpha EGFR ior egf / r3 was strongly potentiated by the addition of monosialoganglioside GM 3 . ^^^ Likewise , the combination of alpha EGFR ior egf / r3 and GM 3 inhibited EGF receptor autophosphorylation activity in H 125 cells more strongly than either agent alone . ^^^ A synergistic inhibition of EGF receptor autophosphorylation by alpha EGFR ior egf / r3 and GM 3 was also observed in the human epidermoid carcinoma cell line A 431 . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
The presence of specific receptors was confirmed by [ 125I ] EGF binding and that of EGF and EGF receptor ( EGF R ) mRNA by reverse transcription and the polymerase chain reaction . ^^^ The EGF induced effect on deoxynucleic acid synthesis was inhibited by transforming growth factor beta and tyrphostin , a tyrosine kinase inhibitor that blocks the phosphorylation of tyrosine residues on EGF R . ^^^ Cultured cells contained EGF mRNA and EGF R mRNA . ^^^ Incubation of cells with EGF for 24 h decreased the EGF mRNA transcripts and increased the EGF R mRNA levels . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
BACKGROUND : Growth factors such as epidermal growth factor ( EGF ) and transforming growth factor alpha ( TGF alpha ) have been shown to share common receptor ( EGFR ) and to accelerate ulcer healing due to stimulation of cell proliferation , but the time sequence of expression of EGF and TGF alpha during ulcer healing has not been investigated . ^^^ The mucosal sections with gastric ulcer were immunostained for proliferating cell nuclear antigen ( PCNA ) and for immunoexpression of EGF , TGF alpha , and EGFR . ^^^ The expression of EGF , TGF alpha , and EGFR was negligible on day 0 but increased significantly during the healing , reaching maximum on day 4 . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
NA
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
NA
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
The EGF system ( EGF , TGF alpha , and their shared receptor , EGFR ) also regulates expression of integrins and their ligands in the extracellular matrix . ^^^ Using total RNA isolated from pooled SMGs taken from intact mouse fetuses , mRNA transcripts for EGF , TGF alpha , and EGFR were detected by reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction ( RT PCR ) , and age dependent variations in the levels of these mRNA were quantitatively determined by nuclease protection assays . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Murine antibodies which recognize the epidermal growth factor receptor ( EGF r ) are good candidates for therapy and diagnosis of tumors overexpressing this receptor . ^^^ Here we report the isolation of the variable regions from a murine monoclonal antibody anti EGF r ( Mint 5 ) , the procedure to obtain the mouse / human chimeric antibody ( chMint 5 ) and its expression in COS , NS 0 and CHO cells . ^^^ In fact , the affinity of the chimeric antibody for EGF r was nearly the same as that of the parental murine antibody . ^^^ Mint 5 was shown to be a good candidate for the targeting of EGF r overexpressing tumours . chMint 5 is expected to be less immunogenic than murine antibody and therefore , could be useful for human treatment . . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
The epidermal growth factor ( EGF ) , which induces TK activity of EGFR , and monoclonal antibody Mab 108 , which does not , have been exploited as ligands to stimulate endocytosis of EGFR . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
We examined four choriocarcinoma cell lines , NaUCC 1 , NaUCC 3 , NaUCC 4 and BeWo , for the presence of epidermal growth factor ( EGF ) by enzyme immunoassay and reverse transcription and polymerase chain reaction , and for EGF receptor ( EGFR ) by 125I EGF binding assay . ^^^ These results prompted us to assess the significance of EGF / EGFR autocrine mechanism in NaUCC 4 cells . ^^^ Low doses of exogenous EGF stimulated 3H thymidine incorporation , and monoclonal antibodies against EGF or EGFR dose dependently inhibited 3H thymidine incorporation . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Two EGF molecules contribute additively to stabilization of the EGFR dimer . ^^^ The proposed model of EGF induced sEGFR dimerization suggests possible mechanisms for both ligand induced homo and heterodimerization of the EGFR ( or erbB ) family of receptors . . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Molecular biological analyses of the induced lesions revealed point mutations in the p 53 gene in 60 . 9 % of HCCs , and elevated expression of mRNAs for p 53 , c myc , c fos , TGF alpha , TGF beta 1 , alpha fetoprotein , GST P , and GGT , and decreased mRNA expression of EGF and EGFR in HCCs when compared to controls . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
An intercross of mice mutant for Sos 1 and the EGF receptor ( EGFR ) demonstrated that a heterozygous mutation in Sos 1 dominantly enhanced the phenotype of a weak allele of the EGFR allele ( wa 2 ) . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
EGFR blocking and TGF alpha neutralizing antibodies inhibited JAr proliferation whereas an EGF neutralizing antibody did not . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
DNA synthesis by the HPC cell line was induced by stimulation with a low concentration of EGF and the amount of EGFR on these HPC cells was very high . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
All SUM 102PT cells require EGF receptor ( EGFR ) activation for continuous growth , because incubation of the cells with EGFR neutralizing antibodies or with EGFR kinase inhibitors blocks growth of these cells . ^^^ SUM 102PT cells cultured in EGF free , progesterone containing medium express high levels of constitutively active EGFR . ^^^ Thus , EGFR activation in SUM 102PT cells is mediated , at least in part , by autocrine / juxtacrine stimulation by HB EGF . ^^^ Thus , SUM 102PT is a new human breast cancer cell line that expresses activated EGFR as a result of an autocrine / juxtacrine interaction with HB EGF which , in turn , results in activation of STAT 3 . . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
OBJECTIVE : To determine whether alterations in epidermal growth factor ( EGF ) , which plays a major role both in the masculinization of the genitourinary tract and in wound healing , or EGF receptor ( EGFR ) expression are associated with hypospadias . ^^^ Immunoperoxidase staining was carried out for EGF and EGFR and the density of the staining quantified using image cytometry by an operator unaware of the diagnosis . ^^^ RESULTS : The median EGF density in foreskins obtained by circumcision was 75 % ( mean 73 , SE 2 . 1 ) compared with 54 % ( mean 52 , SE 3 . 9 ) for tissue samples from patients with hypospadias ( P < 0 . 001 ) ; the mean EGFR was similar in both materials . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
EGF binds to and activates the EGF receptor ( EGFR ) , which initiates intracellular signalling and subsequent effects . ^^^ Studies of cloned pheochromocytoma PC 12 cells and cultured cerebral cortical neurons have suggested that the EGF induced neurotrophic actions are mediated by sustained activation of the EGFR and mitogen activated protein kinase ( MAPK ) in response to EGF . ^^^ The sustained intracellular signalling correlates with the decreased rate of EGFR down regulation , which might determine the response of neuronal cells to EGF . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Taken together , our data suggest that sorting of internalized EGF receptor complexes depends on the basal TK activity level of EGFR . . ^^^ The dependence of the type of endocytosis of EGF receptor complexes on the basal level of tyrosine kinase activity in the epidermal growth factor receptor ] . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
NA
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
NA
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Functional interactions between protein kinase A ( PKA ) and epidermal growth factor receptor ( EGF R ) signalling pathways have been suggested . ^^^ Unlike the type 2 isoform of PKA ( PKAII ) , the type 1 ( PKAI ) and / or its regulatory subunit RIalpha are generally overexpressed in cancer cells and are induced following transforming growth factor alpha ( TGF alpha ) / EGF R dependent transformation . ^^^ Downregulation of RIalpha / PKAI inhibits TGF alpha expression and EGF R dependent signalling . ^^^ Here we demonstrate a direct interaction of PKAI , but not of PKAII , with the activated EGF R , that occurs within 5 min following EGF treatment of MCF 10A cells . ^^^ Moreover , induction of mitogen activated protein kinase ( MAPK ) activity following EGF R activation is mimicked by PKAI overexpression and inhibited by downregulators of PKAI . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
We investigated the possible etiologic association between EGF receptor ( EGF R ) expression and epithelial induction in a prospective series of 20 cases of DF compared to entities such as granular cell tumor , scar tissue , and nevus sebaceus similarly showing epithelial hyperplasia . ^^^ Immunohistochemical staining for EGF R showed strong dermal staining of dendritic spindle cells and overlying hyperplastic keratinocytes in each of the DF cases . ^^^ Immunohistochemical staining for EGF R was absent within all dermal loci of granular cell tumor ( n = 3 ) , nevus sebaceus ( n = 6 ) , and scar tissue ( n = 12 ) . . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
BACKGROUND : Epidermal growth factor receptor ( EGF R ) perturbation by receptor ligand ( s ) , e . g . , epidermal growth factor ( EGF ) and transforming growth factor alpha ( TGF alpha ) , or receptor specific antibodies accentuates cisplatin induced toxicity in tumor cells . ^^^ This sensitization occurs only in tumor cells with high expression of EGF R but not in those with low expression of EGF R . ^^^ PURPOSE : Therefore , we have studied the role of EGF R expression on cisplatin mediated cytotoxicity . ^^^ METHODS : MDA 468 human breast cancer cells were stably transfected with a p chloramphenicol acetyl transferase ( pact [ p ] CAT ) vector containing a 4 . 1 kilobase full length antisense EGF R complementary DNA . ^^^ EGF R content was assessed by 125I EGF binding and EGF R immunoblot assays . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
To determine whether this effect is receptor mediated , and whether the receptor number changes during the estrus cycle , in this study we have evaluated the total and occupied EGF receptor ( EGFr ) concentrations and receptor binding characteristics in adult rat ovaries collected at diestrus and early estrus . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
CONCLUSIONS : The present results provide evidence for the occurrence of EGFr in the VNO of the adult horse , suggesting a role for their ligands ( EGF and transforming growth factor alpha ) in this organ , probably in continuous cell replacement , during the adult life span . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
NA
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Significant and prolonged EGF receptor ( R ) tyrosine autophosphorylation ( which reflects EGF R kinase activation ) was induced by EGF only in GEC adherent to collagen . ^^^ Thus , adhesion to ECM enables EGF to induce proliferation of GEC , by facilitating activation of EGF R and the p 42 MAP kinase pathway . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Several investigators have reported that suramin has antiproliferative activity against cancer cells that express EGF receptors ( EGF R ) , and that it acts by blocking the binding of the ligand to its receptor . ^^^ In this study , we analyzed the antitumor effect of suramin using two lines of lung cancer cells ( A 549 and PC 13 ) , which express EGF R , and a variety of assays . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
The epidermal growth factor receptor ( EGF R ) is known to transmodulate the activity and level of the erbB 2 / neu protein in several epithelial cell lines . ^^^ We therefore determined which structural features of the EGF R were important in transmodulating erbB 2 . ^^^ We found that the addition of EGF to nontransformed epithelial cells resulted in down regulation of erbB 2 with the same kinetics and similar extent as the EGF R . ^^^ By using cells expressing a series of EGF R modified by site directed mutagenesis , we found that EGF R tyrosine kinase activity was not necessary for down regulation of erbB 2 , but receptor sequences between 899 and 958 in the EGF R were required . ^^^ Again , phosphorylation of erbB 2 following EGF addition did not require the intrinsic tyrosine kinase activity of the EGF R , but did require sequences between 899 and 958 . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Recently , Sli 1 , a Caenorhabditis elegans homologue of c Cbl , was found to be a negative regulator of let 23 mediated vulval induction pathway , suggesting that c Cbl may negatively regulate EGF receptor ( EGFR ) mediated signaling . ^^^ In this study , by an antisense RNA approach , we examined the effects of expression level of c Cbl on EGFR signaling and showed that overexpression of c Cbl reduces and antisense repression of c Cbl enhances autophosphorylation of EGF receptors and activation of the JAK STAT pathway . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Epidermal growth factor receptor ( EGF R ) expression was seen in 86 % of cases and had no prognostic significance . c erbB 2 was expressed in 50 % of cases and was inversely related to a poor prognosis . ^^^ Epidermal growth factor receptor ( EGF R ) expression was seen in 86 % of cases and had no prognostic significance . c erbB 2 was expressed in 50 % of cases and was inversely related to a poor prognosis . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Human EGF displayed on fd filamentous phage presented an activity similar to soluble EGF when tested for binding to the EGFR , for induction of cell cycle progression or in the luciferase assay . ^^^ EGF mutants displayed on phage were screened in parallel for binding to the EGFR using an ELISA assay and for transducing activity using the luciferase assay . ^^^ For the more crucial 41 position , only the wild type EGF was able to bind the EGFR . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
NA
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
In EGFr positive U87MG human glioblastoma cells , expression of the Neu ectodomain inhibits EGF , but not platelet derived growth factor , induced DNA synthesis ; inhibits cell proliferation in the presence of EGF , but not platelet derived growth factor ; inhibits the ability of U87MG to form colonies in soft agar ; and inhibits transforming efficiency in athymic mice . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Cross reaction between antibodies raised against the last 20 C terminal amino acids of BRCA 1 ( C 20 ) and human EGF and EGF R in MCF 10a human mammary epithelial cell line . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
With repeated insults of ulcerogens such as stress aspirin , Hp derived gastrotoxins , especially ammonia , a long term adaptation develops which is mediated mainly by overexpression of EGF and TGF alpha and their common receptor ( EGFR ) with subsequent increase of mucosal cell proliferation and enhanced healing of mucosal lesions . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
The following markers were selected on their putative role in the process of metastasis and were studied using immunohistochemical and / or Southern blot techniques : proliferating cell nuclear antigen ( PCNA ) , p 53 , retinoblastoma tumor suppressor gene ( Rb ) , myc , bcl 2 ( inhibitor of apoptosis ) , epidermal growth factor ( EGF ) , EGF receptor ( EGFR ) , neu , nm 23 ( also known as NME 1 , putative metastasis suppressor ) , desmoplakin , neuron cell adhesion molecule ( N CAM ) , epithelial cell adhesion molecule ( Ep CAM ) , E cadherin , cyclin D 1 ( CCND 1 ) , and EMS 1 . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Gene defect in hypodontia : exclusion of EGF , EGFR , and FGF 3 as candidate genes . ^^^ Here we report the exclusion of EGF , EGFR , and FGF 3 loci as possible sites for gene mutation causing incisor premolar hypodontia in our family material . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
These responses may be modulated by changes in expression of EGF receptors ( EGFR ) , especially during the estrous cycle . ^^^ Dual labeling for EGFR and LHbeta or FSHbeta messenger RNAs ( mRNAs ) showed a significant increase in the percentages of pituitary cells with LHbeta mRNA and EGFR ( to 5 . 7 % of pituitary cells ) , but there were no increases in the EGF target cells bearing FSHbeta mRNA . ^^^ The peak expression of EGFR by gonadotropes during diestrus and proestrus suggests that EGF may be involved in the development of the gonadotropes as they approach surge secretory activity . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
The MMP sensitive vector and control MMP insensitive vectors could bind , via their displayed EGF domains , to EGF receptors on A 431 cells but were unable to infect them because the EGF receptor ( EGFR ) does not support postbinding steps required for retroviral entry . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Epidermal growth factor ( EGFR ) , expression was evaluated by immunohistochemistry using monoclonal antibody , and quantified using the 125I EGF binding assay . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
NA
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
NA
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
NA
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
NA
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
NA
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
NA
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
To define the Shc pathway further , we used NIH 3T3 cells expressing the previously characterized mutant EGF receptor ( EGF R ) which lacks all known autophosphorylation sites but retains EGF stimulated mitogenesis with selective phosphorylation of Shc . ^^^ We constructed wild type ( WT ) or mutant Shc cDNAs in which Y 317 or / and Y 239 and Y 240 are replaced with phenylalanine ( F ) and introduced them into NIH 3T3 cells expressing WT or mutant EGF R . ^^^ In the WT EGF R expressing cells , the Y239 / 240 / 317F Shc , but not Y317F or Y239 / 240F Shc , decreased EGF stimulated cell growth . ^^^ In the mutant EGF R expressing cells , Y317F Shc or Y239 / 240F Shc decreased EGF stimulated cell growth significantly , though Y317F was a little more potent than Y239 / 240F . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
We explored the effects of chronic EGF stimulation on cellular PA in NIH3T3 cells expressing intact EGFR a mutant EGFR ( EGFRvIII ) . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
We have analyzed ErbB receptor interplay induced by the epidermal growth factor ( EGF ) related peptides in cell lines naturally expressing the four ErbB receptors . ^^^ Down regulation of cell surface ErbB 1 or ErbB 2 by intracellular expression of specific antibodies has allowed us to delineate the role of these receptors during signaling elicited by : EGF and heparin binding EGF ( HB EGF ) , ligands of ErbB 1 ; betacellulin ( BTC ) , a ligand of ErbB 1 and ErbB 4 ; and neu differentiation factor ( NDF ) , a ligand of ErbB 3 and ErbB 4 . ^^^ Furthermore , EGF and BTC induced activation of ErbB 3 is impaired in the absence of ErbB 2 , suggesting that ErbB 2 has a role in the lateral transmission of signals between other ErbB receptors . ^^^ Finally , ErbB 1 activated by all EGF related peptides ( EGF , HB EGF , BTC and NDF ) couples to SHC , whereas only ErbB 1 activated by its own ligands associates with and phosphorylates Cbl . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
In recent work we showed that the EGF receptor ( EGFr ) was activated in tumor promoter treated mouse epidermis ( Cell Growth & Differentiation , 6 : 1447 1455 , 1995 ) . ^^^ Furthermore , an increase in erbB 2 : EGFr heterodimer formation was also induced by EGF . ^^^ In contrast to the results with erbB 2 , EGF did not induce tyrosine phosphorylation , the degradation of erbB 3 , or erbB 3 : EGFr heterodimer formation in cultured keratinocytes . ^^^ In cultured mouse keratinocytes , EGF stimulated rapid tyrosine phosphorylation of erbB 2 followed by a time dependent degradation of erbB 2 protein . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
PURPOSE : The expression of genes for TGF alpha , epidermal growth factor ( EGF ) , and the EGF receptor ( EGFR ) in mouse blastocysts was evaluated by the reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction ( RT PCR ) . ^^^ CONCLUSIONS : Our present observations suggest that TGF alpha / EGF and the EGFR may be involved in regulating embryonic development . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
NA
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
NA
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Since EGF and TGF alpha exert their physiological actions by activating the intrinsic tyrosine kinase ( Tyr k ) activity of their common receptor , the EGF R , studies have been performed to assess the role of EGF R Tyr k in regulating mucosal reparative processes during aging . ^^^ Recent data suggest that the age related decline in mucosal repair after acute injury could in part be due to decreased activation of EGF R Tyr k . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
We have demonstrated that epidermal growth factor ( EGF ) up regulates the cell surface adhesion molecule CD 44 at both the mRNA and protein levels on mouse fibroblasts expressing full length wild type EGFR ( NR 6 WT ) but not on EGFR deficient cells ( NR 6 P ) . ^^^ Differential EGF inducibility was found among different cell lines chosen , indicating a 3 . 2 and 1 . 8 fold enhancement in DU 145 cells carrying exogenous wild type EGFR and in MCF 7 cells , respectively , while minimal EGF induction was found in cervical cancer HeLa cells . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Differential activation of total and EGF receptor ( EGF R ) tyrosine kinase ( tyr k ) in the rectal mucosa in patients with adenomatous polyps , ulcerative colitis and colon cancer . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Urinary epidermal growth factor ( EGF ) levels and epidermal growth factor receptor ( EGF R ) expression in human cerebral tumors . ^^^ EGF Receptor ( EGF R ) was determined by an immunohistochemical method on specimens of the same tumor . ^^^ The preliminary results on EGF R expression suggest the existence of a correlation between EGF levels and the receptor expression . ^^^ These preliminary data suggest the reliability of EGF levels / EGF R determination in the diagnosis and follow up of patients with cerebral tumors particularly for those of glial origin . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
PURPOSE : The epidermal growth factor receptor ( EGF R ) is overexpressed frequently in breast cancer and other solid tumors . ^^^ After binding to EGF R , the drug is internalized , the toxin is released , and inhibition of protein synthesis and cell death ensue . ^^^ MATERIALS AND METHODS : Protein synthesis , monolayer growth , and anchorage independent growth were studied in human breast cancer cell lines expressing low , intermediate , or high EGF R concentrations . ^^^ Specificity of cellular cytotoxicity was assessed by reversing the effects with excess native EGF and by investigating the activity of two mutant analogs of DAB389EGF that either lack diphtheria toxin enzymatic activity or EGF R binding activity . ^^^ Cell lines with low EGF R levels were relatively resistant to the drug , while lines with intermediate to high receptor levels were very sensitive . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
NA
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
NA
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
NA
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Gastric biopsies for routine histology , Helicobacter pylori detection , quantification of intestinal metaplasia and EGF R expression analysis were performed . ^^^ A 30mer EGF R specific oligonucleotide was end labeled and used to probe a dot blot filter containing the RNA from the bioptic samples . ^^^ RESULTS : Though all the gastric samples transcribed the EGF R gene to a detectable level , overexpression of the EGF R gene was found in the metaplastic mucosa in a minority of patients . ^^^ CONCLUSIONS : These preliminary findings suggest that overexpression of the EGF R gene is infrequent in the metaplastic gastric mucosa . . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
AIM : To assess gastric acid secretion , plasma gastrin concentrations , mucosal content of EGF and TGF alpha , and mucosal expression of these peptides and their receptor ( EGFr ) as well as salivary and gastric luminal release of EGF under basal conditions and after pentagastrin stimulation in 10 healthy subjects and in 25 H pylori positive patients with duodenal ulcer before and after two weeks of triple anti H pylori therapy and four weeks after the termination of this therapy . ^^^ Mucosal contents of immunoreactive EGF and TGF alpha and mucosal expression of EGF , TGF alpha , and EGFr in H pylori positive patients with duodenal ulcer were significantly higher than those in healthy H pylori negative controls and this increase persisted after eradication of H pylori . ^^^ CONCLUSIONS : ( 1 ) H pylori infection in patients with duodenal ulcer was accompanied by enhanced plasma gastrin and increased mucosal content and expression of TGF alpha , EGF , and EGFr ; ( 2 ) H pylori eradication resulted in ulcer healing , reduction in plasma gastrin , and enhancement of gastric ( but not salivary ) luminal release of EGF , particularly after pentagastrin stimulation ; and ( 3 ) enhanced mucosal content and expression of TGF alpha , EGF , and EGFr and increased luminal release of EGF may contribute to ulcer healing after eradication of H pylori . . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
BSN cells expressed hepatocyte growth factor ( HGF ) and transforming growth factor beta 1 mRNAs , and its conditioned medium ( BSN CM ) contained factors capable of activating the epidermal growth factor ( EGF ) receptor ( EGFR ) . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Phosphorothioate oligodeoxynucleotides bound to the cell surface , as demonstrated by fluorescence activated cell sorter analyses ( FACS ) , and perturbed receptor activation in the presence and absence of cognate ligands , EGF ( EGFR ) and vascular endothelial growth factor ( flk 1 ) , in phosphorylation assays . ^^^ They stimulated EGFR phosphorylation in the absence of EGF but antagonized ligand mediated activation of EGFR and flk 1 . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
The purpose of the present study was to develop a method for labeling EGF with 99mTc and to determine whether the resulting radioligand would localize , following intracerebral injection , in rats bearing EGFR positive gliomas . ^^^ In the present study , EGF has been labeled with either 131I or 99mTc , and in vitro uptake of the resulting radioligand has been investigated using C6EGFR rat glioma cells , which had been transfected with the EGFR gene . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
NA
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Tyrosine phosphorylation of EGF receptor ( EGFR ) , Shc , and phospholipase C gamma 1 ( PLC gamma ) , and growth factor receptor binding protein 2 ( Grb 2 ) coprecipitation with EGFR and Shc were analyzed by Western blotting . ^^^ RESULTS : EGFR autophosphorylation was suppressed at all EGF concentrations in ethanol fed cells compared with pair fed cells , without significant differences in total EGFR protein or EGFR tyrosine kinase activity detected in cell lysates , suggesting that intracellular factors suppressed EGFR function . ^^^ Grb 2 binding to EGFR was suppressed , but EGF induced Shc tyrosine phosphorylation and Grb 2 association with Shc were not significantly decreased . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Recent studies with the C . elegans Cbl homologue , sli 1 , have suggested that Cbl proteins may act as negative regulators of EGF receptor ( EGFR ) signalling . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Previous studies reported that the overexpression of the epidermal growth factor receptor ( EGF R ) and reduced expression of E cadherin and alpha catein were associated with lymph node metastasis of the esophageal cancer . ^^^ In the present study , we examined that epidermal growth factor ( EGF ) caused in part the dysfunction of cadherin mediated cell cell adhesion using the human esophageal cancer cell line ( TE 2R ) , which expressed E cadherin and EGF R . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
The adenocarcinoma cell line derived from an intercalated ductal epithelium of a human salivary gland ( HSG ) proliferates autonomously mediated by an epidermal growth factor ( EGF ) like molecule with a molecular weight of 46 kDa and an EGF receptor ( EGFR ) . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
New EGF R selective tyrosine kinase inhibitor reveals variable growth responses in prostate carcinoma cell lines PC 3 and DU 145 . ^^^ The effect of an EGF R selective tyrosine kinase inhibitor ZM 252868 was evaluated on the proliferation of PC 3 and DU 145 prostate cancer cell lines , which are purported to utilize an EGF R mediated autocrine pathway for regulation of cell growth . ^^^ Additionally , the distribution of immunoreactive EGF R varied between DU 145 and PC 3 cells , with EGF R being predominately located on the cell membrane and in the cytoplasm , respectively . . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
MATERIALS AND METHODS : EGF , transforming growth factor alpha ( TGF alpha ) , EGF receptor ( EGF R ) , and c erb B 2 were determined immunohistochemically in formalin fixed paraffin embedded tumor samples of 30 patients with locally confined RCCs . ^^^ On the contrary , there was a significant correlation between EGF and TGF alpha ( p < 0 . 001 ) , EGF and EGF R ( p = 0 . 028 ) , EGF R and c erb B 2 ( p = 0 . 0009 ) , and inversely related between TGF alpha and tumor stage ( p = 0 . 047 ) and between EGF R and malignancy grade ( p = 0 . 03 ) . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
NA
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
NA
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
PD 089828 was found to inhibit human full length fibroblast growth factor ( FGF ) receptor 1 ( FGFR 1 ) , platelet derived growth factor ( PDGF ) receptor beta subunit ( PDGFR beta ) , Src nonreceptor tyrosine kinase ( c Src ) and epidermal growth factor ( EGF ) receptor ( EGFR ) tyrosine kinases with half maximal inhibitory potencies ( IC 50 values ) of 0 . 15 + / 0 . 02 ( n = 4 ) , 0 . 18 + / 0 . 04 ( n = 3 ) , 1 . 76 + / 0 . 28 ( n = 4 ) and 5 . 47 + / 0 . 78 ( n = 6 ) microM , respectively . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
They operate through binding to and activation of a common membrane receptor , defined as EGF R . ^^^ After it was shown by previous investigation in this laboratory that EGF R could be detected in 90 % of the tumours , but was masked by endogenous ligand in 36 % of them , the question was raised as to the level of the ligand ' s expression in tumour tissue biopsies . ^^^ Moreover , TGF alpha mRNA expression negatively correlated with the number of EGF R binding sites measured by the standard method ( P = 0 . 02 ) , and it was significantly related to the number of sites occupied by endogenous ligand . ^^^ The correlation between the presence of ER / PGR sites , high level of TGF alpha / EGF mRNA and EGF R occupancy by endogenous ligand is in favour of ER mediated control of TGF alpha and EGF production . . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
The expression of EGF receptor ( EGF r ) ( p 185 ) and o erb B 2 protein , and tyrosine phosphorylation of p125FAK were examined in cancerous lung tissues and normal lung tissues . ^^^ In these cancerous tissues , no clear amplification of EGF r and c erb B 2 protein expression was observed . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Expression of members of the epidermal growth factor family , including epidermal growth factor ( EGF ) , transforming growth factor alpha ( TGF alpha ) , amphiregulin ( AR ) , and Cripto , as well as their putative receptor , epidermal growth factor receptor ( EGFR ) , was studied immunohistochemically in human gastric mucosa to evaluate their possible roles in cell proliferation of normal and regenerative gastric mucosa . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
The EGF receptor ( EGFr ) , which transduces the mitogenic stimulus to the cell , may be regulated by a number of factors including extracellular matrix , cell cell contact , and other peptides . ^^^ Exposure of cells to PMA resulted in a decrease in the EGF stimulated EGFr phosphotyrosine content from 96 + / 5 U in control to 66 + / 6 U in PMA ( P < 0 . 01 ) . ^^^ Further , exposure to PMA in the absence of EGF caused a gel shift of the EGFr band consistent with a nontyrosine phosphorylation of the protein . ^^^ We demonstrate that activation of PK C results in a modification of the EGFr coincident with inhibition of EGF stimulated receptor tyrosine kinase activity . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
NA
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
EGF receptor ( EGFR ) responsiveness to EGF is mediated by the surface expression of high affinity EGFR , which is associated with the cytoskeleton ( CSK ) . ^^^ In the nontransformed intestinal cell line IEC 6 , expression of EGFR , Src homology and collagen protein ( SHC ) , phospholipase C gamma 1 ( PLC gamma ) , and their tyrosine phosphorylation in response to EGF was assayed by immunoblot . ^^^ Confluent but not subconfluent IEC 6 cells demonstrated a cascade of EGF mediated events consisting of a transient CSK association of PLC gamma with EGFR , a brief expression of tyrosine phosphorylated PLC gamma , a brief increase in PLC gamma CSK association , and a prolonged soluble association of PLC gamma with the EGFR . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
We previously found that interferon alpha 2 recombinant ( IFNalpha ) increases the expression of epidermal growth factor receptor ( EGF R ) in the human epidermoid cancer KB cell line . ^^^ We also studied the effects of IFNalpha on the cytotoxicity of the recombinant toxin TP 40 , which inhibits elongation factor 2 through EGF R binding and internalization . ^^^ In conclusion , IFNalpha , which affects protein synthesis machinery and increases EGF R expression , enhances the tumoricidal activity of TP 40 and hence could be useful in the setting of anti cancer therapy . . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Ligand induced autophosphorylation and downstream signaling of EGFR were tightly suppressed in M phase due to a decrease in ligand binding affinity and the inability of epidermal growth factor ( EGF ) to induce receptor dimerization . ^^^ Hyperphosphorylation ( due to serine and / or threonine phosphorylation ) correlates with the unresponsiveness of cells to EGF mediated stimulation of tyrosine phosphorylation in cells that express the normal or basal level of EGFR . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
The observations that conditioned medium from Ras , but not Raf , transfected RIE 1 cells , as well as exogenous transforming growth factor alpha ( TGFalpha ) , promoted morphological transformation of parental RIE 1 cells prompted us to identify epidermal growth factor ( EGF ) receptor ( EGFR ) ligands produced by Ras transformed RIE 1 cells responsible for this autocrine effect . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
To determine whether a relationship exists between expression of epidermal growth factor receptor ( EGFR ) and clinicopathological characteristics of hepatocellular carcinoma ( HCC ) , EGFR was examined in 25 patients surgically treated for HCC using [ 125I ] 1 labeled EGF binding assay . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Tyrosine phosphorylation of beta catenin was concomitantly induced with association of beta catenin with EGF receptor ( EGFR ) when quiescent cells at confluence were dissociated into single cells by tryptic digestion , being accompanied by dissociation of alpha catenin from E cadherin . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
NA
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
NA
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
In Syrian hamster embryo ( SHE ) fibroblasts , epidermal growth factor receptor ( EGFR ) tyrosine kinase activity regulates the metabolism of endogenous linoleic acid to ( 13S ) hydroperoxyoctadecadienoic acid ( 13S ) HPODE ) . ( 13S ) HPODE stimulates EGF dependent mitogenesis in a SHE cell phenotype , which expresses tumor suppressor genes ( supB+ ) , but was not effective in a variant that does not express these suppressor genes ( supB ) . ^^^ Treatment of quiescent SHE cells with EGF produced a rapid , transient increase in the tyrosine phosphorylation of EGFR . ^^^ Dependence on EGF concentration for EGFR tyrosine phosphorylation was similar in both SHE cell lines , but a more prolonged phosphorylation was detected in the supB variant . ^^^ Incubation of supB+ cells with ( 13S ) HPODE and EGF increased EGFR autophosphorylation and tyrosine phosphorylation on several signaling proteins with Src homology 2 domains including GTPase activating protein . ^^^ However , the addition of ( 13S ) HPODE to supB+ cells extended the tyrosine phosphorylation of the EGFR in response to EGF . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
While epidermal growth factor ( EGF ) has been shown to augment this response , the mechanism and role of EGF and its intestinal receptor ( EGF R ) during adaptation are not known . ^^^ The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of massive SBR and adaptation on intestinal expression of EGF R . ^^^ Expression of EGF R protein was studied by Western blotting . ^^^ Expression of EGF R mRNA was determined by quantitative reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reactions normalized to beta actin . ^^^ RESULTS : When compared with sham , SBR resulted in a modest ( 32 % ) increase in the expression of EGF R mRNA at 1 week ( P < 0 . 003 ) . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Human pancreatic cancers overexpress the epidermal growth factor ( EGF ) receptor ( EGFR ) and all 5 ligands that bind to this receptor , including amphiregulin . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
The distribution and abundance of three growth regulatory peptides ( epidermal growth factor receptor ( EGFR ) , epidermal growth factor ( EGF ) , and transforming growth factor ( TGF ) alpha ) was determined immunochemically during repair of this acute bronchiolar injury . ^^^ Immediately after naphthalene injury ( 1 to 2 days ) , EGFR , EGF , and TGF alpha are expressed in increased abundance in squamous epithelial cells of the injury target zone , distal bronchioles . ^^^ This down regulation of EGFR is not reflected in a corresponding decrease in EGF and TGF alpha protein expression , indicating that control of cell proliferation is regulated at the receptor level . ^^^ The coincident localization within terminal bronchioles of EGFR , EGF , and TGF alpha to groups of squamous epithelial cells 2 days after naphthalene injury suggests that these peptides are important in up regulating cell proliferation after Clara cell injury in the mouse . . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Our results point to an important role for the ABD of the EGFR in EGF induced tissue invasion . . ^^^ The actin binding domain of the epidermal growth factor receptor is required for EGF stimulated tissue invasion . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
NA
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
The present study was designed to test the hypothesis that desmin , epidermal growth factor ( EGF ) , and transforming growth factor alpha ( TGF alpha ) and their cognate receptor , epidermal growth factor receptor ( EGFr ) , are co expressed during tongue myogenesis and define specific developmental stages of tongue muscle cell differentiation . ^^^ To test this hypothesis , we performed studies to analyze the timing , position , and concentration of desmin , TGF alpha , EGF , and EGFr from embryonic day 9 ( E 9 ) through birth in Swiss Webster mouse tongue development . ^^^ Desmin , TGF alpha , EGF , and EGFr co localized to cells of myogenic lineage in the four occipital somites and subsequently in myoblasts and myotubes from E 9 through E 17 . ^^^ Concomitantly , the patterns and increases in TGF alpha , EGF , and EGFr showed significant increases during the same developmental period . ^^^ The temporal and positional co localization of TGF alpha , EGF , and EGFr support the hypothesis that autocrine and paracrine regulation of desmin by actions of growth factor ligand and receptor defines critical stages of tongue myogenesis . . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Since recent studies suggest that activation of phospholipase C ( PLC ) could increase the phosphorylation of P gp , and activation of the EGFR would also activate PLC , we investigated whether the effect of epidermal growth factor ( EGF ) on the phosphorylation of P gp was mediated through PLC . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
EGF precursor ( proEGF ) is a member of the family of membrane anchored EGF like growth factors that bind with high affinity to the epidermal growth factor receptor ( EGFR ) . ^^^ Unlike the fate of TGFalpha in MDCK cells , the soluble 170 kD EGF species accumulates in the medium , does not interact with the EGFR , and is not processed to the mature 6 kD peptide . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
There was no remarkable difference between Crk 2 and Crk 2 23 in EGF dependent binding to EGF receptor ( EGFR ) . ^^^ They bound to EGFR from EGF stimulated NIH 3T3 cells in vitro to a similar extent . ^^^ From these results , it could be concluded that persistent signaling through Crk 2 23 bound to EGFR is responsible for the suppression of transformation by EGF and TGF beta . . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
As TNF alpha has been shown to up regulate EGF receptor ( EGFR ) expression and function in other systems , the present studies were undertaken to determine whether TNF alpha action in MEC was indirect through stimulation of the EGFR . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
The authors assessed the expression of EGF R on the surface of HMC with ABC immune histochemical method and tested the proliferation extent of HMC treated with EGF at different time and dosage levels with 3H thymidine incorporation method . ^^^ The results showed that EGF R existed on the surface of HMC and EGF could stimulate the proliferation of HMC . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
We studied the dimerization of the recombinant soluble extracellular domain of the epidermal growth factor receptor ( sEGFR ) in response to EGF binding using multi angle laser light scattering with size exclusion chromatography ( SEC MALLS ) . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Correlations between two samples obtained from the same man within 12 months were highly significant ( EGF r = 0 . 89 , TGF alpha r = 0 . 71 ) . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
In a similar fashion , EGF receptor ( EGFR ) agonists induce heterodimers of EGFR and ErbB 2 . ^^^ None of the EGFR agonists tested ( EGF , beta cellulin , or heparin binding EGF ) inhibited growth of ErbB 2 overexpressing cells . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Monoclonal antibodies generated against EGFR which inhibit binding of ligands like EGF to their receptor have anti tumor activity and hence therapeutic application . ^^^ It also inhibited the binding of Epidermal Growth Factor ( EGF ) to its receptor on MDA MB 468 breast cancer cells rich in EGFR as revealed by competitive binding assay using 125I EGF , indicating its anti tumor activity . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Transforming growth factor alpha ( TGF alpha ) , a member of the epidermal growth factor ( EGF ) family that binds to the EGF receptor ( EGFR ) , is thought to function in an autocrine manner in non small cell lung cancers ( NSCLC ) . ^^^ Heparin binding EGF like growth factor ( HB EGF ) , a novel member of the EGF family , also binds to EGFR . ^^^ To compare the expression of HB EGF , TGF alpha and EGFR genes in NSCLC and normal lung tissue , we measured the levels of messenger RNA ( mRNA ) for these genes in human NSCLC and normal lung tissues by Northern hybridization , reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction ( RT PCR ) , and in situ hybridization . ^^^ HB EGF was not expressed in either tumor tissue or normal lung tissue , while EGFR and TGF alpha were expressed in all samples . ^^^ Our results showed that HB EGF plays no role in the growth of NSCLC , and that there was no significant overexpression of EGFR in tumor tissue . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
To identify the mechanisms by which cells enhance their proliferative rate in response to clinically used doses of ionizing radiation ( IR ) we have studied human mammary and squamous carcinoma cells which are autocrine growth regulated by the epidermal growth factor receptor ( EGFR ) and its ligands , transforming growth factor alpha and EGF . ^^^ Both EGF and IR induced EGFR autophosphorylation , comparable levels of phospholipase C gamma activation as measured by inositol 1 , 4 , 5 triphosphate production , and as a consequence oscillations in cytosolic [ Ca2+ ] . ^^^ All these responses to EGF and IR were dependent upon activation of EGFR as judged by the use of the specific inhibitor of EGFR autophosphorylation , tyrphostin AG 1478 . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
We show that the epidermal growth factor receptor ( EGFR ) , a single transmembrane receptor tyrosine kinase , becomes catalytically active and dimerized through an m 1 mAChR regulated pathway that requires protein kinase C , but is independent of EGF . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Bivalence of EGF like ligands drives the ErbB signaling network . ^^^ Signaling by epidermal growth factor ( EGF ) like ligands is mediated by an interactive network of four ErbB receptor tyrosine kinases , whose mechanism of ligand induced dimerization is unknown . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Cross linking SMC beta 3 integrins replicates the effect of TN C on EGF R clustering and tyrosine phosphorylation . ^^^ In turn , alpha 5 beta 3 interactions with TN C alter SMC shape and increase EGF R clustering and EGF dependent growth . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Exploiting an assay that employs kidney epithelial cells ( murine inner medullary collecting duct , mIMCD 3 ) seeded in collagen cocultured with the embryonic kidney , we found that a tyrosine kinase inhibitor that is highly specific for the epidermal growth factor ( EGF ) receptor ( EGFR ) , tyrphostin AG 1478 , inhibited mIMCD 3 cell process formation ( an early step in branching tubulogenesis ) by 40 % , whereas high concentrations of neutralizing anti HGF antibodies had a lesser effect ( 20 % inhibition ) , suggesting that EGFR ligands account for a larger fraction of branching morphogens secreted by the embryonic kidney than HGF . ^^^ All EGFR ligands tested , including EGF , transforming growth factor alpha , heparin binding EGF , betacellulin , and amphiregulin , induced mIMCD 3 cell tubulogenesis . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
In vitro assay , EGCG strongly inhibited the protein tyrosine kinase ( PTK ) activities of EGF R , PDGF R , and FGF R , and exhibited an IC 50 value of 0 . 5 1 microgram / ml . ^^^ In an in vivo assay , EGCG could reduce the autophosphorylation level of EGF R by EGF . ^^^ Phosphoamino acid analysis of the EGF R revealed that EGCG inhibited the EGF stimulated increase in phosphotyrosine level in A 431 cells . ^^^ The results of further studies suggested that the inhibition of proliferation and suppression of the EGF signaling by EGCG might mainly mediate dose dependent blocking of ligand binding to its receptor , and subsequently through inhibition of EGF R kinase activity . . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
In the present study we investigated the effects of anti EGF R antibody ( Mab 4253 both as monolayers and spheroids of an oxyphilic , non iodine metabolizing , papillary thyroid carcinoma cell line ( ONCO DG 1 ) and roughly characterized their EGF R . ^^^ Scatchard analysis with 1 125 labeled EGF demonstrated a low number of 1 . 5 10 10 ( 4 ) EGF R per monolayer cell ( KD 4 . 1 10 10 ( 10 ) M ) and only 6 10 10 ( 3 ) EGF R per spheroids cell ( KD 5 . 0 10 10 ( 10 ) M ) . ^^^ Proliferathe activity and EGF R were found to be regularly distributed throughout the spheroids . ^^^ The results show that the anti EGF R antibody ( Mab 425 ) alone is not effective enough for therapeutical use , but it could be of clinical value in conjugation with radionuclides ( e . g . 1 131 ) in order to reach metastases not metabolizing iodine . . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
NA
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
NA
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
NA
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
NA
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
NA
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
NA
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
NA
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
NA
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
NA
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
NA
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
NA
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
OBJECTIVE : Epidermal growth factor ( EGF ) and transforming growth factor alpha ( TGF alpha ) affect cells through binding to a shared EGF receptor ( EGF R ) , which is a transmembrane protein with tyrosine kinase activity . ^^^ We compared the localization of EGF , TGF alpha , and EGF R in labial salivary glands in SS and in healthy controls . ^^^ METHODS : Labial salivary gland tissues of 12 patients with SS and 7 healthy controls were stained with the immunohistochemical peroxidase antiperoxidase method for EGF , TGF alpha , and EGF R . ^^^ EGF R was found in endothelial , acinar , and salivary duct epithelial cells . ^^^ There was no difference in the expression of EGF R between diseased and healthy specimens , but both EGF and TGF alpha were diminished in SS . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Our data indicate that direct i . t . injection can selectively deliver BSD EGF to EGFR positive gliomas and suggest that intracerebral administration may be the most effective way for delivering EGF based bioconjugates to EGFR positive brain tumors . . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
C Src is also overexpressed and / or activated in many of the same human carcinomas that overexpress members of the EGF receptor ( EGFR ) family , suggesting that the two types of tyrosine kinases can cooperate during the genesis of human tumors . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Human epidermal growth factor receptor 4 ( HER 4 ) is a member of the epidermal growth factor ( EGF ) receptor subfamily of receptor tyrosine kinases that is activated by neuregulins ( NRG ) , betacellulin ( BTC ) , and heparin binding EGF like growth factor . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Our results favor the possibility that the Drosophila EGF receptor DER / Egfr expressed by the EMA cells functions as a receptor for Vein . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
The binding of epidermal growth factor ( EGF ) to epidermal growth factor receptor ( EGF receptor ) results in the dimerization and self phosphorylation of the receptor . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Ontogeny of epidermal growth factor ( EGF ) , EGF receptor ( EGFR ) and basic fibroblast growth factor ( bFGF ) mRNA levels in pancreas , liver , kidney , and skeletal muscle of pig . ^^^ Epidermal growth factor ( EGF ) , EGF receptor ( EGFR ) , and basic fibroblast growth factor ( bFGF ) messenger RNA ( mRNA ) levels were examined by Northern blot analysis in four tissues ( pancreas , liver , kidney , and skeletal muscle ) of pig from fetal 90 d to postnatal 180 d of age . ^^^ Pancreatic EGFR mRNA level parallelled its EGF mRNA , whereas in the kidney and skeletal muscle , patterns of EGFR mRNA were reversed to their EGF mRNA levels . ^^^ In the liver , EGFR mRNA was abundant but EGF mRNA was undetected . ^^^ These results show that EGF , EGFR , and bFGF mRNA levels are developmentally and tissue specifically regulated in pig . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
A novel member of the epidermal growth factor ( EGF ) family , the neural and thymus derived activator for ErbB kinases ( NTAK ) , has been purified and cloned . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
When the EGFr and Kv1 . 3 are coexpressed in HEK 293 cells , acute treatment of the cells with EGF during a patch recording can suppress the Kv1 . 3 current within tens of minutes . ^^^ Pretreatment of EGFr and Kv1 . 3 cotransfected cells with EGF before patch recording also results in a decrease in peak Kv1 . 3 current . ^^^ In addition to depressing peak Kv1 . 3 current , EGF treatment produces a speeding of C type inactivation , while pretreatment with the alpha EGFr slows C type inactivation . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
To study the role of the EGF receptor ( EGFR ) in mammary development , we developed a transgenic mouse model in which a C terminal truncated mouse EGFR ( EGFR TR ) was expressed in the mouse mammary epithelium under the control of the mouse mammary tumor virus long terminal repeat . ^^^ In cultured cells , we show that it acts in a dominant negative manner in EGF signaled EGFR autophosphorylation . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Primary ( de novo ) glioblastomas are characterized by amplification / overexpression of the EGF receptor ( EGFR ) and , less frequently , of the MDM 2 gene . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
The expression of genes involved in mitotic signal pathway ( EGF , TGF alpha , EGF R , erbB 2 , erbB 3 , c myc and c H ras ) was determined immunocytochemically . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Previous studies have demonstrated a requirement for the nonreceptor tyrosine kinase , cellular Src ( c Src ) , in epidermal growth factor ( EGF ) induced mitogenesis and a synergistic interaction between c Src and EGF receptor ( EGFR ) in tumorigenesis . ^^^ Although endocytic internalization of EGFR may be thought to attenuate EGF stimulated signaling , recent evidence suggests that signaling through Ras can be amplified by repeated encounters of endosome localized , receptor . ^^^ Our results show that overexpression of c Src causes no change in EGFR half life but does produce an increase in the internalization rate constant of EGF . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
To analyze the clinically different behaviors of both epithelia , we used immunohistochemical methods to study the distribution and expression of interleukin 1 ( Il 1 ) , transforming growth factor alpha ( TGF alpha ) , epidermal growth factor ( EGF ) , epidermal growth factor receptor ( EGF R ) , the proliferation marker MIB 1 , c myc proto oncogene product and activation marker 4F2 . ^^^ Middle ear epithelial cells showed no immunoreactivity for TGF alpha , EGF R , Il 1 and c myc in contrast to the markedly positive immunoreactivity found in cholesteatoma matrix . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Inhibition of phosphoinositide 3 kinase did not affect GPCR induced stimulation of EGFR tyrosine phosphorylation , but inhibited MAPK stimulation , upon treatment with both GPCR agonists and low doses of EGF . ^^^ Furthermore , the Src tyrosine kinase inhibitor PP 1 strongly interfered with LPA and EGF induced tyrosine phosphorylation and MAPK activation downstream of EGFR . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
However , EGF could enhance the mRNA expressions of c myc , c erbB 2 and EGFR to various extents , but inhibit that of TGF beta 1 gene . . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
NA
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Overexpression of surrogate receptors [ epidermal growth factor ( EGF ) receptor ( EGFR ) and platelet derived growth factor receptor ] in adipocytes has demonstrated that multiple signaling pathways may lead to GLUT 4 mediated glucose uptake . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Gonadotropes increase their expression of EGF receptors ( EGFR ) during diestrus to reach a peak on the morning of proestrus . ^^^ Similarly , adding 1 : 100 anti EGF to the serum containing media did not affect expression of EGFR by LH cells . ^^^ Finally , when 10 ng / ml EGF was added to metestrous populations in serum free media there was a 1 . 4 1 . 5 fold increase in percentages of LH or FSH cells with EGFR . ^^^ Furthermore , EGF itself may be among the factors that up regulate EGFR in gonadotropes . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Because the mRNAs for EGF and EGFR are detectable in RNA of SMG rudiments isolated directly from fetuses , the EGF system probably operates physiologically as a regulator of SMG morphogenesis . ^^^ Affinity labeling with [ 125I ] EGF of the membrane fraction of E 18 SMG also revealed a prominent band at 170 kD , showing that this EGFR protein can bind specifically to its ligand . ^^^ Incubation of SMG membranes from E 18 fetuses with EGF in the presence of [ gamma 32P ] ATP , followed by immunoprecipitation with anti phosphotyrosine antibody also showed a single band at 170 kD , demonstrating autophosphorylation of the EGFR in response to binding of its ligand . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
The epidermal growth factor receptor ( EGFR ) is activated by a variety of ligands including EGF and transforming growth factor alpha ( TGFalpha ) , whereas no ligand for the homologous ErbB 2 oncoprotein has yet been identified . ^^^ Here we use both an ErbB 2 phosphoantibody ( aPY 1222 ) and an activation specific EGFR antibody to show that low concentrations of EGF induce more efficient tyrosine phosphorylation of ErbB 2 in A 431 cells than does equimolar TGFalpha , while EGFR is more potently activated by TGFalpha . ^^^ Co precipitation studies confirm that heterodimerization of activated EGFR and transphosphorylated ErbB 2 is readily induced by EGF but not TGFalpha . ^^^ EGFR downregulation is also more efficiently induced by EGF , suggesting that ligand dependent modification of ErbB 2 may be required to terminate EGFR signalling in cells expressing both receptor types . ^^^ These findings indicate that EGF and TGFalpha differ in their abilities to induce tyrosine phosphorylation and heterodimerization of ErbB 2 , and raise the possibility that ErbB 2 exerts its oncogenic effect in part by impairing TGFalpha dependent EGFR downregulation . . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
All of the compounds were evaluated for their ability to inhibit the tyrosine phosphorylating action of EGF stimulated full length EGFR enzyme . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Dimerized and enzymatically active epidermal growth factor receptor , in the presence of saturating epidermal growth factor ( EGF ) , was passed over a column containing an immunoadsorbent for EGF . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
This is induced and specified along the dorsoventral axis by an epidermal growth factor receptor signalling pathway , which includes a localised transforming growth factor alpha like molecule , Gurken , in the oocyte and the Drosophila EGF receptor homologue , Torpedo , in the surrounding somatic follicle cells . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
This fusion protein , or ' adenobody ' , bound both to the fibre protein of the adenovirus and to the EGF receptor ( EGFR ) on human cells , and was able to direct adenoviral binding to the new receptor . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
BACKGROUND : Transforming growth factor alpha ( TGF alpha ) and its receptor ( EGF R ) may regulate normal and malignant epithelial cell growth by an autocrine mechanism . ^^^ METHODS : TGF alpha and EGF R levels were measured in 7 SCC cell lines and 14 SCC biopsies by RIA , Scatchard , and Western analysis . ^^^ TGF alpha autocrine stimulation of DNA synthesis in SCC cell lines was assessed by incubation with TGF alpha neutralizing antibodies and tyrphostin AG 1478 , a selective and potent inhibitor of EGF R kinase . ^^^ RESULTS : All SCC cell lines synthesized TGF alpha and expressed elevated EGF R levels compared to normal keratinocytes . ^^^ Twelve of the 14 SCC biopsies contained TGF alpha protein and 8 had specific EGF R . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
OBJECTIVE : We studied the relation between epidermal growth factor ( EGF ) / epidermal growth factor receptor ( EGFR ) and CA 125 production in WISH cells . ^^^ Four day and 8 day cells exposed to EGF demonstrated a loss of both CA 125 and EGFR staining . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
The objective of this study was to determine whether the baboon oviduct contains epidermal growth factor ( EGF ) , transforming growth factor alpha ( TGF alpha ) , and EGF receptor ( EGF R ) and whether changes in their expression are correlated with various hormonal states . ^^^ Ampullary regions were fixed in Bouin ' s fixative and embedded in paraffin for immunocytochemistry using rabbit polyclonal antibodies against EGF and EGF R , and mouse monoclonal antibody against TGF alpha . ^^^ RESULTS : Both EGF and EGF R were present in all tissue compartments ( most strongly in the epithelium , followed by smooth muscle and stroma ) at all reproductive stages and showed similar staining patterns . ^^^ CONCLUSION : In summary , EGF , TGF alpha , and EGF R are present in the ampulla of the baboon oviduct . ^^^ These data are consistent with the concept that EGF , TGF alpha , and EGF R may be regulated by E 2 and P and thus may play a role in cell differentiation and function . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
NA
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
NA
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Because epidermal growth factor ( EGF ) expression has been associated with proliferation in the human and mouse endometrium , we hypothesized that EGF , transforming growth factor alpha ( TGF alpha ) , and EGF receptor ( EGF R ) expression in baboon endometrium may be modulated by the early invasive trophoblast and play a role in decidualization of the endometrial stroma . ^^^ The tissue was fixed in Bouin ' s solution and embedded in paraffin for immunocytochemistry using polyclonal antibodies against EGF and EGF R and a monoclonal antibody to TGF alpha . ^^^ RESULTS : Endometrial staining was located almost entirely in the glandular epithelium for TGF alpha and EGF R in the follicular phase animals , whereas EGF staining was strongest in the periglandular stroma . ^^^ There appeared to be little difference in endometrial staining between the late follicular and mid luteal phase for TGF alpha and EGF R . ^^^ In the endometrium from pregnant animals , EGF , TGF alpha , and EGF R intensely stained the glandular epithelium on days 18 , 25 , and 32 . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Epiregulin is a member of the epidermal growth factor ( EGF ) family , and has certain characteristics that are different from that of EGF , including mitogenic responses and binding to EGF receptor ( EGFR ) . ^^^ Our findings indicate that ErbB 4 and EGFR are receptors for epiregulin , and suggest that EGF related ligands transduce signals for different biological responses by the hierarchical mechanism . . ^^^ The pattern of activation of ErbB family receptors was different from that of other EGF related ligands . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
This effect has been associated with reduced EGF induced EGF receptor ( EGFR ) tyrosine phosphorylation , Grb 2 association , and Ras activation . ^^^ EGFR isolated by wheat germ agglutinin affinity chromatography from nontreated cells exhibited substantial ligand induced phosphorylation , and EGFR isolated from prolactin treated cells displayed minimal EGF induced EGFR phosphorylation , as well as decreased kinase activity toward exogenous substrates . ^^^ The observed decrease in ligand induced EGFR phosphorylation could not be attributed to either differential amounts of EGFR , decreased EGF binding affinity , or the presence of a phosphotyrosine phosphatase or ATPase . ^^^ Therefore , these results suggest that prolactin antagonizes EGF signaling by increasing EGFR threonine phosphorylation and decreasing EGF induced EGFR tyrosine phosphorylation . . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
The expression of epidermal growth factor ( EGF ) and its receptor ( EGF R ) was examined immunohistochemically in 60 primary and 26 metastatic lesions of pancreatic carcinoma . ^^^ EGF was stained mainly in the cytoplasm of tumor cells , and EGF R was stained mainly on the surface of cells . ^^^ The expression rates of EGF and EGF R were 28 % and 43 % for primary lesions , and 46 % and 46 % for metastatic lesions , respectively . ^^^ The expression of EGF and EGF R alone did not correlate with any clinicopathological factors such as clinical stage , tumor size , nodal involvement , histology , etc . ^^^ On the other hand , the median survival period was 22 . 7 months for patients with EGF R ( + ) cancers and 25 . 0 months for those with EGF R ( ) cancers . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
The aim of this study was to investigate the correlation between expression of the EGF receptor ( EGF r ) and proliferative activity ( PCNA labeling index ) in gastric cancer by immunohistochemical analysis . ^^^ Our preliminary results on 56 gastric cancers indicate that the PCNA labeling index correlates with EGF r immunoreactivity . ^^^ Furthermore , survival was significantly lower in patients with EGF r positive tumors and a high PCNA labeling index . ^^^ These in situ observations suggest that EGF r may play an important role in the growth regulation of human gastric carcinomas . . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
These include the epidermal growth factor ( EGF ) receptor ( EGFR ) and related receptors , multiple ligands that bind to EGFR , certain fibroblast growth factors ( FGF ) receptors ( FGFR ) and ligands , and insulin like growth factor 1 ( IGF 1 ) and its receptor . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Epidermal growth factor receptor ( EGF ) variant type 3 ( EGFRvIII ) is a constitutively active , naturally occurring mutation of the EGF receptor that is found in many types of human tumors . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
We find that EGF treatment of NR 6 fibroblasts presenting full length WT EGF receptors ( EGFR ) reduces the fraction of cells presenting focal adhesions from approximately 60 % to approximately 30 % within 10 minutes . ^^^ EGFR kinase activity is required as cells expressing two kinase defective EGFR constructs retain their focal adhesions in the presence of EGF . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
To determine a role for ligand mediated receptor activation in sarcoma progression , the relative expression and function of EGF R , IGF 1 R , and several other molecular determinants implicated in the progression of mesenchymal neoplasms were evaluated in human sarcoma cells established from surgical specimens of primary and metastatic tumors . mRNA blot analyses demonstrated the expression of c Met , p 53 , and MDM 2 specific transcripts . ^^^ Analysis of STS cells # 23 , # 26 , and # 50 originating from an unclassified sarcoma lung metastasis , a malignant fibrous histiocytoma lung metastasis , and a dedifferentiated chondrosarcoma , respectively demonstrated high steady state levels of EGF R and IGF 1 R mRNA transcripts and protein correlating with receptor specific tyrosine kinase activity and autophosphorylation in response to ligand . ^^^ These data support the involvement of EGF R and IGF 1 R in the growth and metastasis of human soft tissue sarcoma and may offer new targets for therapeutic intervention in the management of this disease . . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Immunocytochemistry of the transferrin receptor ( used as a marker for the endocytic pathway ) revealed an abnormal distribution of the EGF receptor ( EGFR ) 10 min after binding EGF . ^^^ Polyamine deficiency depleted the cells of interior microfilaments , thickened the actin cortex , and prevented the prompt association of EGF bound EGFR with actin . ^^^ EGF stimulated 170 kDa protein tyrosine phosphorylation and the kinase activity of purified membrane EGFR were reduced by 50 % . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Epidermal growth factor ( EGF ) family members and its receptor ( EGFR ) are thought to have an important role in the proliferation of epidermal keratinocytes . ^^^ In this report , we investigated the EGF / EGFR system in primary keratinocytes derived from normal and psoriatic lesional skin . ^^^ These results suggest that the EGF / EGFR system is involved in the growth of NHKs and PLKs and that IL 6 potentiates NHK growth partly through the induction of EGFR . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Our results reveal that Argos has structural requirements that differ from all known EGFR activating ligands ; domains flanking the EGF domain are essential for its function . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
The aim of this study was to determine whether the stage of the oestrous cycle ( day 1 , n = 5 ; day 6 , n = 5 ; day 12 , n = 3 gilts ) has an influence on the expression and activity of epidermal growth factor receptor ( EGF R ) in the pig oviduct and uterus . ^^^ Histochemistry , cross linking of 125I labelled EGF to isolated oviductal and endometrial membranes or on cryostat sections , and EGF R binding assay were used to demonstrate the presence of the EGF R in a qualitative and quantitative manner . ^^^ The bioactivity of the EGF R in the oviduct was estimated by means of a protein tyrosine kinase activity assay . ^^^ This study suggests that EGF R is widely distributed both in glandular and stromal cells of the endometrium and in epithelial cells of the oviduct in pigs . ^^^ The concentrations of EGF R were higher in oviductal membranes on day 1 ( 22 . 4 + / 8 . 7 fmol mg 1 protein ) in comparison with day 6 ( 11 . 0 + / 0 . 42 fmol mg 1 protein ; P < 0 . 05 ) , but not on day 12 ( 16 . 0 + / 2 . 9 fmol mg 1 protein ) . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Tumor cells expressing EGFR either endogenously ( MDA MB 231 , MTLn 3 ) or , for the human EGFR , ectopically ( MTC HER1 / 1 ) in intermediate amounts exhibited , upon EGF addition , increased cellular adhesion to various ECM proteins , such as fibronectin , collagens and vitronectin . ^^^ Both increased as well as reduced EGF dependent adhesion could be blocked using either ligand blocking monoclonal antibody 14E1 or the potent EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitor PD 153035 . ^^^ Our data indicate that signals downstream of EGFR activation are responsible for the opposing effects of EGF on cellular adhesion since both can be prevented by EGFR inhibition . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Anti EGFR monoclonal antibodies which act as EGF , TGF alpha , HB EGF and BTC antagonists block the binding of epiregulin to EGFR expressing tumours . ^^^ We found that MAb ICR 9 , which enhances the binding of EGF , TGF alpha , HB EGF and betacellulin to the EGFR , also increases the binding of 125I epiregulin to a number of EGFR expressing tumour cell lines , including EJ , SKBR 3 , SKOV 3 , MDA MB 468 and HN 5 . ^^^ In addition , anti EGFR MAbs ICR 15 , ICR 16 , ICR 61 , ICR 62 and ICR 80 , which block the binding of 125I EGF to the EGFR , inhibit the binding of 125I epiregulin to these tumour cell lines . ^^^ Like EGF , we found that both the epiregulin induced growth inhibition of HN 5 and MDA MB 468 cells and tyrosine phosphorylation of the 170 kDa EGFR on HN 5 cells are reversed in the presence of anti EGFR MAbs ICR 62 and ICR 80 . ^^^ The low level of binding of epiregulin compared with EGF to EJ cells suggests that the EGFR may not be the primary receptor for epiregulin . . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
The antibody ior egf / r3 is a MAb against human epidermal growth factor receptor ( hEGF r ) , and we have developed a method for optimum labeling of this MAb with 99mTc . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Epidermal growth factor ( EGF ) is a potent mitogen for human mesothelial cells , and autophosphorylation of the EGF receptor ( EGF R ) occurs in these cell types after exposure to asbestos , a carcinogen associated with the development of mesothelioma . ^^^ Here , the intensity and distribution of EGF R protein was documented by immunocytochemistry in a human mesothelial cell line ( MET5A ) exposed to various concentrations of crocidolite asbestos and man made vitreous fibers ( MMVF 10 ) . ^^^ Whereas cells in contact with or phagocytizing shorter asbestos fibers ( < 60 microm length ) or MMVF 10 at a range of concentrations showed no increase in EGF R protein as determined by immunofluorescence , elongated cells phagocytizing and surrounding longer fibers ( > or =60 microm ) showed intense staining for EGF R . ^^^ In contrast , human A 549 lung carcinoma cells showed neither elongation nor increased accumulation of EGF R protein in response to long fibers . ^^^ Patterns of aggregation and increases in EGF R protein in mesothelial cells phagocytizing long asbestos fibers were distinct from diffuse staining of phosphotyrosine residues observed in asbestos exposed cultures . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
We previously reported that retroviral vectors displaying epidermal growth factor ( EGF ) as part of a chimeric envelope glycoprotein are sequestered upon binding to EGF receptor ( EGFR ) positive target cells , leading to loss of infectivity . ^^^ When EGFR positive cancer cells and Kit positive hematopoietic cells were mixed and exposed to the different engineered vector particles , the cancer cells were selectively transduced by the SCF displaying vector and the hematopoietic cells were selectively transduced by the EGF displaying vector . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Gel filtration confirmed the correct size , sandwich ELISAs demonstrated bispecific functionality , and SPR biosensor measurements determined binding to EGF R in comparison to bivalent constructs . ^^^ Bispecific anti EGF R / anti CD 2 miniantibodies are candidates for the immunotherapy of cancer . . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
In this report , we used mice with a null mutation in their EGF receptor ( EGFR ) to examine the role of EGFR signaling in growth of the uterus and vagina and in estrogen induced uterine and vaginal epithelial proliferation . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
The expression of epidermal growth factor receptor ( EGFR ) , which is the receptor of TGF alpha and EGF , also may be regulated by androgen . ^^^ EGFR mRNA levels were stimulated by EGF and keratinocyte growth factor treatment and inhibited by testosterone treatment in epithelial cells . ^^^ TGF alpha mRNA levels were influenced by EGF in stromal cells only , and EGFR mRNA levels were influenced by testosterone , EGF , and keratinocyte growth factor in epithelial cells . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Potent mitogens such as epidermal growth factor ( EGF ) and transforming growth factor alpha ( TGF a ) mediate their growth responses through the common transmembrane glycoprotein receptor , EGFR . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Specificity within the EGF family / ErbB receptor family signaling network . ^^^ Recent years have witnessed tremendous growth in the epidermal growth factor ( EGF ) family of peptide growth factors and the ErbB family of tyrosine kinases , the receptors for these factors . ^^^ Here we discuss several characteristics of hormone receptor interactions and receptor coupling that contribute to specificity : 1 ) a single EGF family hormone can bind multiple receptors ; 2 ) a single ErbB family receptor can bind multiple hormones ; 3 ) there are three distinct functional groups of EGF family hormones ; 4 ) EGF family hormones can activate receptors in trans , and this heterodimerization diversifies biological responses ; 5 ) ErbB 3 requires a receptor partner for signaling ; and 6 ) ErbB family receptors differentially couple to signaling pathways and biological responses . . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
By electron microscopy using immunocytochemical reactions on actin and EGF R with mild glycerinization it became possible to reveal a thick layer of actin filaments under the apical membrane within the first minutes of the impact of EGF on A 431 cells . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
In this study , we present evidence suggesting a direct interaction between the epidermal growth factor ( EGF ) receptor ( EGFR ) and the platelet derived growth factor beta ( PDGFbeta ) receptor ( PDGFbetaR ) , members of different receptor tyrosine kinase subfamilies . ^^^ We also demonstrate that the fraction of PDGFbetaR bound to the EGFR in R1hER cells undergoes an EGF induced mobility shift on Western blots indicative of phosphorylation . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
We investigated the hypothesis that is differential activity and expression of the epidermal growth factor receptor ( EGF R ) in fetal lung fibroblasts during the canalicular stage of lung development mediates EGF effects . ^^^ To test this hypothesis , we examined fetal rat lung fibroblasts ( FLFs ) and type 2 cells of late gestation ( canalicular and saccular stages ; 17 22 days ) by EGF R binding techniques , SDS PAGE , and Western blot analysis . ^^^ SDS PAGE and Western blot analysis revealed a predominant 170 kDa EGF R band in fibroblasts that increased with gestation ( peak = 19 days ) , and was stronger in females . ^^^ We also examined whole fetal lung sections by immunohistochemistry to determine cell specific expression of the EGF R in vivo . ^^^ Immunohistochemistry revealed specific EGF R staining in columnar and cuboidal epithelia of small conducting airways and in mesenchyme of epithelial mesenchymal borders ( including subepithelial mesenchyme ) . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Similarly , EGF treatment of A 431 cells induces concomitant hetero oligomerization of active ErbB 2 with inactive EGFR , of active EGFR with inactive ErbB 2 , and of inactive ErbB 2 with kinase defective ErbB 3 . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
These were evaluated for their ability to inhibit the tyrosine phosphorylating action of EGF stimulated full length EGFR enzyme and for inhibition of autophosphorylation of the EGFR in A 431 human epidermoid carcinoma cells in culture . ^^^ Marginal activity was seen in an EGFR transfected tumor model , suggesting that while this cell line requires EGF for clone formation in soft agar , other growth factors may be able to replace EGF in vivo . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
While only VIT and PMFG follicles were responsive to EGF , Western blotting with an antibody to the human EGF receptor ( EGF R ) suggests that all three classes of follicle may possess the receptor protein . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
BACKGROUND & AIMS : Previous studies have shown that gastric ulceration stimulates epithelial cell proliferation and overexpression of epidermal growth factor ( EGF ) and EGF receptor ( EGF R ) in the mucosa bordering necrosis . ^^^ METHODS : We studied EGF R levels , EGF R phosphorylation levels , and ERK 1 and ERK 2 activity in normal and ulcerated rat gastric mucosa . ^^^ We also examined the effect of Tyrphostin A 46 ( potent inhibitor of EGF R and EGF R kinase dependent proliferation ) on the above parameters . ^^^ RESULTS : During the initial stages of healing ( 3 and 7 days ) , ulcerated mucosa showed significant increase ( vs . controls ) in protein tyrosine kinase activity , EGF R levels ( 510 % and 550 % ) , EGF R phosphorylation levels , ERK 1 activity ( 430 % and 880 % ) , and ERK 2 activity ( 550 % and 990 % ) . ^^^ Tyrphostin A 46 treatment significantly inhibited ulcer healing and reduced EGF R levels , EGF R phosphorylation , and ERK 1 and ERK 2 activity . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Several studies have indicated that activation of the EGFr by exogenous EGF stimulates TGFalpha expression . ^^^ Exogenous treatment of exponentially growing cells with either EGF or EGFr blocking antibody enhanced release of TGFalpha protein into the conditioned medium . ^^^ This indicated that the release of TGFalpha into the conditioned medium by exogenous EGF was at least partially due to the displacement of TGFalpha from the TGFalpha / EGFr complexes . ^^^ Similarly to exponentially growing cells , the EGFr blocking antibody and EGF also enhanced TGFalpha release into the medium of CBS 4 cells after release from quiescence . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Normal prostatic epithelial cells expressed EGFR but did not exhibit detectable levels of EGFR phosphorylation when cultured in the absence of exogenous EGF . ^^^ Addition of EGF stimulated EGFR phosphorylation and induced proliferation of normal cells . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Betacellulin ( BTC ) is a member of the EGF ligand family that directly binds to both EGFR and HER 4 and induces the growth of certain epithelial cell types . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
In RINm5F cells a spectrum of erbB gene expression was detected ( EGF receptor / erbB 1 , erbB 2 / neu , and erbB 3 ) , whereas INS 1 cells showed only expression of EGF receptor . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
We have previously shown that epidermal growth factor ( EGF ) positively influences this process , and that EGF receptor ( EGF R ) binding in fetal rat lung fibroblasts peaks on d 18 19 of gestation , just before the onset of augmented surfactant synthesis . ^^^ This regulation of EGF R in late gestation fetal lung fibroblasts may control the timing of mesenchymal epithelial cell communication leading to surfactant synthesis . ^^^ Hormones and growth factors exert positive and negative influences on lung development , but whether they regulate the EGF R is unknown . ^^^ We hypothesized that positive [ EGF , cortisol , retinoic acid ( RA ) ] and negative [ transforming growth factor beta 1 ( TGF beta 1 ) , dihydrotestosterone ( DHT ) ] regulators of lung cell development regulate the EGF R in the fetal lung . ^^^ We studied EGF R binding and protein abundance in sex specific fetal rat lung fibroblasts cultured at d 17 , d 19 , and d 21 . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Next , we investigated the tyrosine phosphorylation of NGF receptor TrkA and the EGF receptor ( EGFR ) as well as mitogen activated protein kinase ( MAPK ) , which is a key protein in the intracellular signal transduction pathway . ^^^ It was found that MS 430 prolonged the EGF induced phosphorylation of EGFR and MAPK compared to that without MS 430 . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
The interruption of signaling cascades in intact cells through the introduction of nonpermeant compounds inferred by in vitro studies to specifically inhibit epidermal growth factor ( EGF ) receptor ( EGF R ) function is described . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
The ErbB 1 receptor tyrosine kinase binds to six different growth factors , whose prototype is the epidermal growth factor ( EGF ) . ^^^ Here we report that at high concentrations , EGF can induce cell growth and differentiation in the absence of ErbB 1 . ^^^ When singly expressed , neither ErbB 3 nor ErbB 2 can mediate signaling by EGF . ^^^ In addition , when co expressed , blocking either receptor by using site specific antibodies inhibited EGF and betacellulin activities , indicating strict cooperativity between ErbB 3 and ErbB 2 . ^^^ Through analysis of chimeras between EGF and TGFalpha , we identified the middle portion of EGF ( loop B ) as the site that enables activation of ErbB 2 / ErbB 3 . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
BACKGROUND : The relationship between the expression of epidermal growth factor ( EGF ) and transforming growth factor alpha ( TGF alpha ) and that of their receptor ( EGF R ) in the Helicobacter pylori infected gastric mucosa has not been completely elucidated . ^^^ METHODS : By means of a solid phase enzyme linked immunosorbent assay EGF , TGF alpha , and EGF R levels and interleukin 1beta ( IL 1beta ) content , which is considered a marker of chronic inflammation , were evaluated in the antral mucosa of 24 H . pylori positive patients before and 8 weeks after eradication therapy . ^^^ On the other hand , in the five patients in whom the bacterium was not eradicated EGF , TGF alpha , and EGF R levels were quite similar to those assayed before therapy , whereas IL 1beta content was still high . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Dorsoventral ( D / V ) patterning in Drosophila oogenesis is initiated by the transmission of a TGF alpha like ligand , Gurken ( Grk ) , from the oocyte to the anterodorsal follicle cells , activating the EGF receptor ( Egfr ) signaling pathway . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
The ErbB signaling network consists of four transmembrane receptor tyrosine kinases and more than a dozen ligands sharing an epidermal growth factor ( EGF ) motif . ^^^ By employing a set of factor dependent cell lines engineered to express individual ErbBs or their combinations , we found that epiregulin is the broadest specificity EGF like ligand so far characterized : not only does it stimulate homodimers of both ErbB 1 and ErbB 4 , it also activates all possible heterodimeric ErbB complexes . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
The epidermal growth factor receptor ( EGF R ) is perhaps the best studied member of tyrosine kinase receptors . ^^^ The mildest form of EGF R inactivation leads to epithelial immaturity and postnatal death due to respiratory failure and necrotizing enterocolitis like lesions in the intestine . ^^^ The respiratory failure of the EGF R ( / ) mice results from impaired branching of the alveolar tree and leads to decreased surface for gas exchange . ^^^ Intestinal changes seen in the EGF R ( / ) mice vary in severity , the end point being severe mucosal lesions and necroses . ^^^ Although deficient EGF R function is not the reason for these prematurity associated diseases it may nevertheless exacerbate them . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
In fact , overexpression of EGF related growth factors such as transforming growth factor alpha and amphiregulin and / or their specific receptor , the EGF receptor ( EGFR ) , has been detected in several types of human cancers , including breast , lung , and colorectal cancers . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Recombinant human EGF was conjugated to the soybean derived PTK inhibitor genistein ( Gen ) to construct an EGF R directed cytotoxic agent with PTK inhibitory activity . ^^^ The EGF Gen conjugate was capable of binding to and entering EGF R positive MDA MB 231 and BT 20 breast cancer cells ( but not EGF R negative NALM 6 or HL 60 leukemia cells ) via its EGF moiety , and it effectively competed with unconjugated EGF for target EGF R molecules in ligand binding assays . ^^^ EGF Gen inhibited the EGF R tyrosine kinase in breast cancer cells at nanomolar concentrations , whereas the IC 50 for unconjugated Gen was > 10 microM . ^^^ The EGF Gen induced apoptosis was EGF R specific because cells treated with the control granulocyte colony stimulating factor Gen conjugate did not become apoptotic . ^^^ Thus , the EGF Gen conjugate is a > 100 fold more potent inhibitor of EGF R tyrosine kinase activity in intact breast cancer cells than unconjugated Gen and a > 100 fold more potent cytotoxic agent against EGF R+ human breast cancer cells than unconjugated Gen . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Members of the type 1 receptor tyrosine kinase family , including epidermal growth factor ( EGF ) receptor ( EGFR ) and ErbB 2 / neu , are often overexpressed in various human cancer cells , including breast . ^^^ Continuous i . p . administration of EGF like domain of HRGbeta 1 PE38KDEL for 7 days via a miniosmotic pump at a dose of 40 microg / kg / day inhibited the growth of ErbB 4 receptor positive but not ErbB 4 receptor negative cell lines in athymic nude mice . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Heregulins ( HRGs ) are epidermal growth factor ( egf ) domain containing polypeptide growth factors that bind and activate several members of the ErbB receptor family . ^^^ The HRGbeta egf domain was displayed on the surface of M 13 phage to facilitate mutagenic analysis and optimize for binding to a homodimeric ErbB 3 immunoglobulin ( IgG ) fusion . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
In this paper we review the morphological and biological features of progestin induced tumors , such as estrogen receptor ( ER ) and progesterone receptor ( PR ) patterns of expression , hormone dependence and epidermal growth factor receptors ( EGF R ) we also examine our data concerning the systemic effects of medroxyprogesterone acetate ( MPA ) as regards its stimulating EGF synthesis in salivary glands and its subsequent increase in serum . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Epidermal growth factor ( EGF ) and its receptor ( EGFR ) are involved in many aspects of the development of carcinomas , including tumor cell growth , vascularization , invasiveness , and metastasis . ^^^ It competed with EGF for binding to EGFR and inhibited EGFR activation and cell proliferation induced by this growth factor . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Furthermore , stimulation of EGFR signaling through two natural ligands , transforming growth factor ( TGF ) alpha and epidermal growth factor ( EGF ) , increased the expression of Bcl XL in quiescent keratinocytes and HaCaT cells . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Human epidermal growth factor ( EGF ) and human transforming growth factor alpha ( TGF alpha ) are structurally related polypeptide growth factors that exert their mitogenic activity through interaction with a common cell surface receptor , the epidermal growth factor receptor ( EGFR ) . ^^^ In this study , we have compared EGF , TGF alpha and ten previously described chimaeras of these two ligands in terms of their ability to generate a mitogenic response in cells carrying the human EGFR , and observed that three of the mutant growth factors ( E3T , E4T and T3E4T ) are mitogenic at concentrations 10 fold lower than that of either wild type EGF or TGF alpha . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
The expression of fibroblast growth factor type 2 ( FGF 2 ) , epidermal growth factor ( EGF ) , and their respective receptors FGFR 1 and EGFR , as well as the proliferation marker Ki 67 , was studied in both constituents of adamantinoma in serial sections of 25 cases by immunohistochemistry . ^^^ Comparing osteofibrous dysplasia ( OFD ) like adamantinoma with classic epithelial cell rich adamantinoma , the expression of FGF 2 , EGF , and EGFR was more intense and in a higher percentage of cells in classic adamantinoma . ^^^ The data indicate that during progression , the epithelial cells acquire expression of FGF 2 , EGF , and EGFR , accompanied by a higher proliferative activity . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
OBJECTIVES : To investigate the correlation of epidermal growth factor receptor ( EGFR ) expression and its ligands EGF and transforming growth factor alpha ( TGF alpha ) with disease outcome in a cohort of patients with superficial bladder cancer . ^^^ METHODS : Tumor samples of 21 patients with transitional cell carcinoma of the bladder were analyzed by immunohistochemistry for expression of EGFR , EGF , and TGF alpha . ^^^ RESULTS : All Stage pT 1 transitional cell carcinomas expressed EGFR , and 10 of 21 ( 48 % ) tumors showed focal areas of strong EGF and / or TGF alpha expression . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
EGF receptor ( EGFR ) is a transmembrane glycoprotein with trosine kinase activity that is overexpressed in many human cancers , including lung . ^^^ In the present study , we evaluated the effect of EGF and genistein , a tyrosine kinase inhibitor , on cell proliferation , EGFR phosphorylation and its downstream signal MAP kinase activation and investigated the involvement of these processes in programmed cell death in a human pulmonary adenosquamous carcinoma cell line , NCI H 596 . ^^^ Treatment with EGF resulted in phosphorylation of EGFR , activation of MAP kinase , phosphorylation of ERK 2 ( an isoform of MAP kinase ) , increased cell proliferation and induction of cross linked envelope ( CLE ) competence . ^^^ Genistein abolished the ability of EGF to induce EGFR phosphorylation , to activate MAP kinase and to increase cell proliferation . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
This fusion protein entered cells , formed a complex with phosphorylated EGF receptor ( EGFR ) , and inhibited EGF induced EGFR Grb 2 association and mitogen activated protein kinase activation . . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
NA
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Concentrating on ErbB 1 and two of its ligands , epidermal growth factor ( EGF ) and transforming growth factor alpha ( TGF alpha ) , and the Neu differentiation factor ( NDF / neuregulin ) and one of its receptors , ErbB 3 , we show that ligand binding variably accelerates endocytosis of the respective ligand receptor complex . ^^^ However , unlike the EGF activated ErbB 1 , which is destined primarily to degradation in lysosomes , NDF and TGF alpha direct their receptors to recycling , probably because these ligands dissociate from their receptors earlier along the endocytic pathway . ^^^ In conclusion , alternative endocytic trafficking of ligand ErbB complexes may tune and diversify signal transduction by EGF family ligands . . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
EGF receptors ( EGFR ) were determined in the purified membrane fraction of tumors from control and ovariectomized ( OVX ) animals and no significant differences were found in either maximal binding capacities ( Q ) or dissociation constants ( Kd ) between them . ^^^ In order to test the ability of EGFR to trigger a biological response we measured the production of second messengers inositol triphosphates ( IP 3 ) and cAMP levels ; we found that EGF increases IP 3 production in a dose dependent way , while cAMP levels were not affected . ^^^ In conclusion , the autocrine loop EGFR EGF / TGF alpha present in all tumors is hormonally regulated , possibly by Pg , but is not related to the tumor response to ovariectomy . . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
METHODS : In situ hybridyzation and immunochemistry were used to locate EGF , transforming growth factor alpha ( TGF alpha ) and their receptor ( EGFR ) in 10 normal ovarian specimens and in 5 granulosa cell samples obtained from IVF egg retrieval procedure . ^^^ RESULTS : ( 1 ) EGF was not detected in the ovary , while EGFR and TGF alpha were found to be present in human granulosa cells . ( 2 ) Serum EGFs levels increased with the development of follicles , and EGFs levels in the follicular fluid were higher than those of the matched plasma . ^^^ CONCLUSIONS : TGF alpha but not EGF might be synthesized locally , acting on the granulosa cells in an autocrine fashion through EGFR in granulosa cells . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Human vascular SMCs and endothelial cells were cultured and FGF receptor 1 ( FGFR 1 ) and EGF receptor ( EGFR ) expression were detected by immunohistochemical staining . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
We designed an adenovirus vector to transiently express human epidermal growth factor receptor ( EGFR ) , which is known to transduce only a mitogenic , but not a differentiation signal to mouse bone marrow cells on human purified CD34+ peripheral blood ( PB ) cells , and tried to expand these cells with EGF ex vivo . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
To study the biochemical difference , cDNAs of the wild type CrkII and the CrkII 23 mutant were introduced stably into NIH 3T3 cells expressing EGF receptor ( EGFR ) . ^^^ Whereas the wild type CrkII bound to EGFR only after EGF stimulation , CrkII 23 bound to EGFR from before stimulation . ^^^ These results suggest that persistent signalling from CrkII 23 bound to EGFR suppresses transformation by EGF and TGF beta in NRK 23 cells . . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
NA
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
We conclude that the ability of ErbB 4 to mediate signal transduction through EGF like ligands is broader than previously assumed and can be profoundly altered by the concomitant expression of ErbB2 . . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
The epidermal growth factor receptor ( EGF R ) is a 170 kDa transmembrane protein , of which a truncated 100 kDa form ( trEGF R ) lacking the cytoplasmic and the transmembrane domains , and an oncogenic 68 kDa form ( 5 erb ) lacking the extracellular domain have been described . ^^^ Employing differential immunohistochemistry , we found the extracellular domain , but not the cytoplasmic domain , of the EGF R in porcine endometrium on Days 9 11 of pregnancy . ^^^ We conclude that 1 ) the trEGF R is the only EGF R form present in porcine endometrium , and 2 ) growth factors of the EGF family in porcine uterine fluids can exert their function via the EGF R only on blastocysts , not on the endometrium . . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Exposure of these cells to EGF resulted in increased expression and phosphorylation of the EGF receptor ( EGF R ) , increased ERK 2 activity and phosphorylation , and increased c fos protein levels . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
As epidermal growth factor ( EGF ) has been shown to mediate estrogen action and to play a crucial role in regulating leiomyoma growth , we also investigated the effects of sex steroids on the expression of EGF and EGF receptor ( EGF R ) in cultured leiomyoma cells . ^^^ Furthermore , immunocytochemical analysis with a monoclonal antibody to human EGF R demonstrated that the treatment with E 2 augmented EGF R expression in the cells compared to that in untreated cells , but P 4 did not . ^^^ These results indicate that P 4 up regulates the expression of PCNA and immunoreactive EGF in leiomyoma cells , whereas E 2 up regulates the expression of PCNA and EGF R in those cells . ^^^ As it is evident that EGF plays a crucial role as a local factor in regulating leiomyoma growth , the P 4 induced increase in PCNA expression in leiomyoma cells may be mediated by P 4 induced enhanced expression of EGF like proteins in the cells , whereas the E 2 induced increase in PCNA expression in leiomyoma cells may be mediated by E 2 induced enhanced expression of EGF R in those cells . ^^^ It is , therefore , conceivable that P 4 and E 2 act in combination to stimulate the proliferative potential of leiomyoma cells through the induction of EGF like proteins and EGF R expression in uterine leiomyoma . . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
The EGF P 154 conjugate was able to bind to and enter target glioblastoma cells within 10 30 min via receptor ( R ) mediated endocytosis by inducing internalization of the EGF R molecules . ^^^ In vitro treatment with EGF P 154 resulted in killing of glioblastoma cells at nanomolar concentrations with an IC 50 of 813 + / 139 nM , whereas no cytotoxicity against EGF R negative leukemia cells was observed , even at concentrations as high as 100 microM . ^^^ Thus , targeting WHI P 154 to the EGF R may be useful in the treatment of glioblastoma multiforme . . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
NA
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
The xenografts were from Chinese hamster ovary cells transfected with the gene for the human EGF receptor ( CHO EGFR ) , and these cells expressed the EGFR . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Both homo and hetero dimers of ErbB receptor tyrosine kinases mediate signaling by a large group of epidermal growth factor ( EGF ) like ligands . ^^^ We addressed the mechanism underlying these two features of signal tuning by using three ligands : EGF ; transforming growth factor alpha ( TGFalpha ) ; and their chimera , denoted E4T , which act on cells singly expressing ErbB 1 as a weak , a strong , and a very strong agonist , respectively . ^^^ Co expression of ErbB 2 , a developmentally important co receptor whose expression is frequently elevated in human cancers , specifically potentiated EGF signaling to the level achieved by TGFalpha , an effect that was partially mimicked by ErbB 3 . ^^^ Analysis of the mechanism underlying this trans potentiation implied that EGF driven homodimers of ErbB 1 are destined for intracellular degradation , whereas the corresponding heterodimers with ErbB 2 or with ErbB 3 , dissociate in the early endosome . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
This superactivation must be a result of heterodimer formation between EGFR and ErbB 2 , since EGF is not a ligand for ErbB 2 . ^^^ Finally , treatment of E 5 expressing cells with HB EGF shows no increased phosphorylation of the ErbB 4 receptor , suggesting a specific effect of E 5 on the activation of the different members of the EGFR family . . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
BACKGROUND : There is evidence of a relationship between epidermal growth factor ( EGF ) and tumor cell proliferation , such as the overexpression of EGF receptor ( EGF R ) in different human tumors , which makes this system an interesting target for cancer treatment . ^^^ Up to now , passive immunotherapy with monoclonal antibodies against the EGF R has been assayed in clinics . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Transcripts for ErbB 3 ( a member of the EGF R subfamily ) , and bFGF R were present in all stages of oocyte maturation , after fertilization up to the 2 cell stage , and the blastocyst stage . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
We have previously reported that certain tyrphostins which block EGF R phosphorylation in cell free systems fail to do so in intact cells . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
EGF induced autophosphorylation of the EGFR on ice was strongly reduced in cells overexpressing mutant dynamin , and consistently , binding analyses showed that high affinity EGFRs were lost . ^^^ At 4 degreesC EGF EGFR localized mainly outside coated pits regardless of expression of mutant dynamin . ^^^ Thus , expression of mutant dynamin disrupts high affinity binding of EGF , but not ligand induced recruitment of EGFR to clathrin coated pits . . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
EGF signals through EGFR , whereas heregulin ( HRG ) signaling is initiated through binding to either ErbB 3 or ErbB 4 . ^^^ Dominant negative forms of SHP 2 had no effect on EGF stimulated interaction of GRB 2 with EGFR or SHC , nor did they influence phosphorylation of SHC and SHC / EGFR association . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
In the present study , we report the involvement of epidermal growth factor receptor ( EGF R ) in Ang 2 induced extracellular signal regulated kinase ( ERK ) activation , c fos gene expression , and DNA synthesis in cardiac fibroblasts . ^^^ Ang 2 induced a rapid tyrosine phosphorylation of EGF R in association with phosphorylation of Shc protein and ERK activation . ^^^ Specific inhibition of EGF R function by either a dominant negative EGF R mutant or selective tyrphostin AG 1478 completely abolished Ang 2 induced ERK activation . ^^^ Induction of c fos gene expression and DNA synthesis were also abolished by the inhibition of EGF R function . ^^^ Calmodulin or tyrosine kinase inhibitors , but not protein kinase C ( PKC ) inhibitors or downregulation of PKC , completely abolished transactivation of EGF R by Ang 2 or the Ca2+ ionophore A 23187 . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
For example , the linoleic acid metabolite 13 ( S ) HpODE enhances EGF dependent growth by inhibiting de phosphorylation of the EGFR which leads to activation of the MAP kinase pathway . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
A search for SCAMP kinase activities has shown that SCAMPs 1 and 3 , but not SCAMP 2 , are tyrosine phosphorylated in EGF stimulated murine fibroblasts overexpressing the EGF receptor ( EGFR ) . ^^^ EGF catalyzes the progressive phosphorylation of the SCAMPs up to 1 h poststimulation and may enhance colocalization of the EGFR and SCAMP 3 within the cell interior . ^^^ EGF also induces SCAMP EGFR association , as detected by coimmunoprecipitation , and phosphorylation of SCAMP 3 is stimulated by the EGFR in vitro . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
RESULTS : Human lens epithelial B 3 cells expressed the growth factor receptors HGF R , EGF R , and PDGF Rbeta , but not PDGF Ralpha , and also expressed the oncogenes H ras and raf and the growth inhibitor transforming growth factor beta 1 . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
These include production of epidermal growth factor ( EGF ) receptors ( EGFR ) and their ligands which are important auto / paracrine regulation of lung tissue formation in health and tumor growth . ^^^ Active studies of EGFR and EGF like peptides ( mainly , EGF and alpha TGF ) have failed to gain an insight into their role in the pathogenesis of NSCCL . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Thus , exogenous EGF induced stage dependent transphosphorylation of ERBB 2 4 as well as ERBB 1 , whereas endogenous phosphorylation of all four receptors peaked in late pregnancy and lactation . . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
The high level of expression of the EGFR provides an important target for therapy and we and others have shown that monoclonal antibodies ( mAbs ) which block the activation of the receptor by the EGF family of ligands inhibit the growth of EGFR overexpressing tumours in vitro and induce the regression of established tumours grown as xenografts in athymic mice . ^^^ We found that both the anti EGFR mAbs and the TK inhibitor produce similar biological changes namely , they inhibit the EGF and TGF induced tyrosine phosphorylation of the receptor and the growth in culture of HN 5 cells . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
NA
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
EGF activation of the EGF receptor ( EGF R ) induces intrinsic tyrosine kinase activity which results in EGF R autophosphorylation and tyrosine phosphorylation of other intracellular substrates involved in EGF R signal transduction . ^^^ Therefore , studies were conducted to determine the effects of genistein and erbstatin on EGF dependent proliferation , and EGF R levels and autophosphorylation in normal mouse mammary epithelial cells grown in primary culture and maintained in serum free media . ^^^ Additional studies showed that acute treatment with 6 . 25 400 microM genistein did not affect EGF R levels or EGF induced EGF R autophosphorylation , while acute treatment with 1 64 microM erbstatin caused a slight reduction in EGF R levels , but had no effect on EGF dependent EGF R autophosphorylation in these cells . ^^^ In contrast , chronic treatment with similar doses of genistein or erbstatin resulted in a large dose responsive decrease in EGF R levels , and a corresponding decrease in total cellular EGF R autophosphorylation intensity . ^^^ These results demonstrate that the inhibitory effects of chronic genistein and erbstatin treatment on EGF dependent mammary epithelial cell proliferation is not due to a direct inhibition of EGF R tyrosine kinase activity , but results primarily from a down regulation in EGF R levels and subsequent decrease in mammary epithelial cell mitogenic responsiveness to EGF stimulation . . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
The proliferation of cells expressing these chimeric receptors was EGF dependent , and cells expressing EGFR / Y882F chimeric receptors were less responsive to EGF stimulation than those expressing EGFR / neu receptors . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
EGF , TGF alpha , and EGF R in human colorectal adenocarcinoma . ^^^ The over expression of epidermal growth factor receptor ( EGF R ) , EGF and transforming growth factor alpha ( TGFalpha ) could be a mechanism for colorectal tumor cells to escape normal growth controls . ^^^ Our aims were : ( 1 ) to evaluate EGF , TGFalpha , and EGF R concentrations in neoplastic tissue and surrounding mucosa from 40 patients with colorectal adenocarcinoma , and ( 2 ) to assess the expression of these growth factors and their receptor in relation to the tumor site . ^^^ EGF , TGFalpha , and EGF R were detected in either colorectal neoplastic tissue or surrounding mucosa . ^^^ Significantly increased levels of EGF and EGF R were present in neoplastic samples compared to surrounding mucosa . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
A correlation was noted between reduced EGFR and decreased anchorage independent growth , with the transfected clones losing the ability to grow in agarose and responsiveness to exogenous EGF . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
BACKGROUND / AIMS : In order to evaluate the role of epidermal growth factor ( EGF ) and transforming growth factor alpha ( TGF alpha ) in colorectal cancer , the present investigation examines changes in EGF and TGF alpha mediated activation of overall and EGF receptor ( EGF R ) associated tyrosine kinase activity in isolated rat colonocytes after administration of the colonic carcinogen azoxymethane . ^^^ METHODOLOGY : Five days after a single injection of azoxymethane ( 20 mg / kg ) or saline solution to 3 4 month old Fischer 344 rats , colonocytes were isolated , exposed for 2 minutes to 1 10 10 ( 8 ) M EGF and TGF alpha , and assessed for overall and EGF R associated tyrosine kinase and phospholipase C activity . ^^^ In addition , EGF and TGF alpha activated EGF R tyr k by 40 60 % in controls and by 84 85 % in AOM treated animals . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Using an in vitro assay , we investigated whether EGF / EGFR complexes internalised by endocytosis in A 431 cells can initiate signalling in the ERK 2 pathway . ^^^ At 0 degrees C , binding of EGF induced tyrosine phosphorlyation of EGFR and , when the cells were subsequently broken by scraping and warmed in the presence of exogenous cytosol , activation of ERK 2 occurred . ^^^ When cells containing internalised EGF / EGFR complexes were first washed in low pH media at 0 degrees C and then broken and incubated in exogenous cytosol , substantial activation of ERK 2 occurred . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
An epidermal growth factor ( EGF ) dependent association between the EGF receptor ( EGFR ) and EAST was shown by reciprocal immunoprecipitation / immunoblotting studies with specific antibodies . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Species specific reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction SC ( RT PCR ) analysis of the tissue recombinants was performed to separately examine the expression of epidermal growth factor ( EGF ) , transforming growth factor alpha ( TGF alpha ) , epidermal growth factor receptor ( EGFR ) , TGF beta 1 , and TGF beta 3 in the epithelium , stroma and host components of the graft . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
The expression of endogenous EGFR also appeared to be regulated by TAF ( 2 ) 250 the maximum binding capacity of ts 13 cells for 125I labeled EGF decreased approximately twofold when incubated for 2 days at the nonpermissive temperature . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Human colon cancer cells utilize the epidermal growth factor ( EGF ) family of growth factors and the receptor for these growth factors ( EGFR ) in sustaining their malignant phenotype . ^^^ Disrupting EGFR expression by expressing antisense EGFR RNA ( through transfection with an appropriate antisense EGFR expression vector under metallothionein promoter control ) downregulated the malignant behavior of human colon cancer Moser cells and blocked the ability of exogenous EGF in stimulating malignant cell behavior . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Among these phosphorylated proteins were three isoforms of the proto oncoprotein Shc as well as the EGF receptor ( EGFR ) . ^^^ Down regulation of EGFR expression through pretreatment of cells with EGF also attenuated ERK activation and Shc tyrosine phosphorylation in response to arsenite treatment . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
K ras mutation did not significantly affect the level of the EGF receptor ( EGFR ) expressed in these carcinoma cells . ^^^ Taken together , these results suggest that mutated K ras causes a loss of responsiveness to EGF stimulation and that EGFR function is dispensable for the growth of mutant Ras positive endometrial carcinoma cells . . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Evidence from a number of laboratories suggests a potential role for the epidermal growth factor ( EGF ) transforming growth factor alpha epidermal growth factor receptor ( EGF R ) axis in promoting epithelial hyperplasia and cyst formation in autosomal recessive polycystic kidney disease ( ARPKD ) . ^^^ As previously reported , in the C57BL 6Jcpk / cpk ( CPK ) , BALB / c bpk / bpk ( BPK ) , and C3H orpk / orpk ( ORPK ) murine models of ARPKD , as well as in human ARPKD and human ADPKD , the EGF R is mislocated to the apical surface of cystic collecting tubule ( CT ) epithelial cells . ^^^ The present studies demonstrate that cells from cystic and control CTs can be isolated and that these cells maintain their in vivo EGF R phenotype in vitro . ^^^ Domain specific high affinity ligand binding was assessed by standard Scatchard analysis , and selective ligand stimulation of apical vs . basolateral EGF R in these cells was followed by measurement of receptor autophosphorylation and determination of cell proliferation . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
During embryonic mouse tongue formation , transforming growth factor alpha ( TGF alpha ) , epidermal growth factor ( EGF ) , and their cognate receptor ( EGFR ) are co expressed spatially and temporally with desmin , a muscle specific structural protein . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Under these conditions , EGF induces enhanced EGF receptor ( EGFR ) tyrosine kinase activity , as well as superinduction of the c fos proto oncogene . ^^^ These data suggest that EGF induced actin polymerization may be important for negative feedback regulation of signal transduction by the EGFR . ^^^ A synthetic peptide , corresponding to the regions flanking Thr 654 of the EGFR , is used to analyze EGF stimulated PKC activity by incorporation of 32P into the peptide . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
A series of untreated ( n = 24 ) , regressed ( n = 15 ) , and endocrine therapy resistant ( n = 10 ) prostatic adenocarcinomas were analyzed using immunohistochemistry with regard to cytokeratin 5 and 18 , androgen receptor ( AR ) , and epidermal growth factor receptor ( EGF R ) expression in tumor cells . ^^^ Similarly , the proportion of EGF R positive tumor cells increased in the treated cases , whereas the proportion of AR positive tumor cells dropped in regressed carcinomas and increased in hormone refractory cancers . ^^^ Changes in the proportion of cytokeratin 5 and EGF R positive tumor cells suggests that during androgen deprivation an enlarged subpopulation of tumor cells with combined features of basal and secretory phenotypes arises . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Growth factor analysis was done by analysing for expression of epidermal growth factor ( EGF ) , epidermal growth factor receptor ( EGF R ) and transforming growth factors alpha and beta ( TGFalpha , TGFbeta ) . ^^^ Expression of EGF and EGF R also showed significant pre treatment correlations with the final disease outcome ( r=0 . 248 , P=0 . 031 and r=0 . 503 , P=0 . 0000 respectively ) . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
EGF exerts its actions by binding to its receptor ( EGF R ) , which is a transmembrane protein tyrosine kinase . ^^^ This paper is intended to provide an overview of signaling pathways triggered by EGF R activation and on this background to summarize current knowledge pertaining to involvement of EGF R signaling pathways in gastric mucosal repair and ulcer healing . . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Since epidermal growth factor ( EGF ) and its receptor ( EGF R ) play important roles in mucosal protection and ulcer healing , we studied whether rebamipide treatment affects expression of EGF and EGF R in normal and ulcerated gastric mucosa in rats . ^^^ Ulcer size was measured under a dissecting microscope ; mucosal sections were stained with H & E or immunostained with specific antibodies against EGF and EGF R . ^^^ Rebamipide significantly accelerated ulcer healing , produced a significant increase in EGF and EGF R expression in normal gastric mucosa ( both P < 0 . 001 ) , and increased expression of EGF and EGF R in regenerating glands of the ulcer scar . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
In order to better understand their role in developing small intestine EGF , TGF alpha and EGF R steady state mRNA levels and transcript stability were determined . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
We examined the immunohistochemical localization of transforming growth factor alpha ( TGF alpha ) , epidermal growth factor ( EGF ) and epidermal growth factor receptor ( EGF R ) in 18 human ovaries . ^^^ Immunoreactivity for EGF R was observed only in the granulosa cells of antral follicles . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
The neuregulins comprise a subfamily of epidermal growth factor ( EGF ) like growth factors that elicit diverse cellular responses by activating members of the ErbB family of receptor tyrosine kinases . ^^^ Since both of these cell lines express only two of the known ErbB receptors , our results imply that EGF like ligands might elicit differential signaling within the context of a single receptor heterodimer . . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
However , no significant difference in EGF R expression was detected between normal cultured keratinocytes , HaCaT and HaCaT ras cell lines with or without EGF pretreatment . ^^^ In conclusion , EGF is able to enhance motility and to up regulate MMP 9 activity in all cells , but with a higher impact in HaCaT ras cells without an overexpression of EGF R . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
NA
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
METHODS : In this study the authors investigated the effect of synthetic BN / GRP antagonists RC 3095 and RC 3940 2 on tumor growth and the expression of epidermal growth factor receptors ( EGF R ) in H 69 SCLC . ^^^ After treatment with RC 3095 and RC 3940 2 , the concentration of receptors for BN / GRP was decreased by 29 . 0 % and 36 . 5 % , respectively ( both , P < 0 . 01 ) compared with controls , and EGF R levels were reduced by 62 . 3 % and 63 . 0 % , respectively ( both , P < 0 . 01 ) . ^^^ Reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction and Southern blot analyses revealed that the levels of mRNA for EGF R in tumors were lowered by 31 % ( P < 0 . 05 ) and 43 % ( P < 0 . 01 ) , respectively , after treatment with RC 3095 and RC 3940 2 . ^^^ CONCLUSIONS : This study indicates that the inhibition of growth of H 69 SCLC by BN / GRP antagonists RC 3095 and RC 3940 2 is accompanied by a marked decrease in the levels and mRNA expression of EGF R . . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Immunoprecipitation / Western blot studies revealed that CCh stimulated tyrosine phosphorylation of the EGF receptor ( EGFr ) and increased co immunoprecipitation of the adapter proteins , Shc and Grb 2 , with the EGFr . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
These results indicated that , in the stressed cells , GRP 78 participated in down regulation of EGF signaling pathway by forming a stable complex with EGFR and inhibiting EGFR translocation to the cell surface . . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Ligands of the EGF / Heregulin family control the growth of epithelial cells by binding to receptors of the erbB family . ^^^ These include EGF receptor ( erbB 1 ) and erbB 4 when expressed individually and erbB 2 and erbB 3 when expressed together . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
This correlates with a specific inability to achieve high levels of p 66 ( SHC ) tyrosyl phosphorylation and association of p 66 ( SHC ) with GRB 2 , despite high levels of EGF receptor ( EGFR ) autophosphorylation . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
However , waved 2 mice carrying a mutation in the alpha helix C of their EGF R , which abolishes tyrosine kinase activity , only display a mild phenotype and are fully viable . ^^^ This suggests that the mutant EGF R signals through heterodimerization with endogenous , kinase active members of the EGF R family such as ErbB 2 or ErbB 4 . ^^^ We have examined the biochemistry of EGF Rs carrying mutations in the alpha helix C of the human EGF R ( V741G and Y740F ) , in the ATP binding site ( K721R ) and at the C terminus ( CT 957 ) , by expression in BaF / 3 cells which are devoid of EGF R family members . ^^^ The in vitro kinase activity of the alpha helix C EGF R mutants was severely impaired as a result of reduced phosphotransfer activity without appreciable changes in the affinity for either ATP or peptide substrate . ^^^ Surprisingly , EGF stimulation of cells carrying the different mutant or wild type EGF Rs resulted in tyrosine phosphorylation of EGF R proteins ; this phosphorylation was abolished in crude plasma membrane preparations , and appears to be due to activation of a membrane associated or a cytosolic kinase . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Deregulated signal transduction via the epidermal growth factor receptor ( EGF R ) family of protein tyrosine kinase growth factor receptors is associated with proliferative diseases . ^^^ We describe a class of compounds ( 4 , 5 dianilinophthalimides ) that inhibit the EGF R protein tyrosine kinase in vitro with high selectivity . ^^^ In cells , 4 , 5 dianilinophthalmide selectively inhibited both ligand induced EGF R and p185c erbB 2 autophosphorylation and c fos mRNA induction . ^^^ Antitumor activity could be demonstrated in vivo against xenografts of the A 431 and SK OV 3 tumors , which overexpress the EGF R and p185c erbB 2 , respectively . ^^^ No overt cumulative toxicity was observed during treatment even though high efficacy was observed , indicating a good therapeutic window . 4 , 5 Dianilinophthalimides may offer therapeutic agents for the treatment of hyperproliferative diseases that overexpress EGF R family protein tyrosine kinases or their ligands . . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
The EGF domain of heregulin has all the receptor binding characteristics of full length heregulin and has strong homology to the ligands for erbB 1 . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Nuclear translocation of MAPK in cell lines , expressing normal and mutant forms of EGF receptors ( EGFR ) , was investigated . ^^^ Cells bearing EGFR with inactive tyrosine kinase showed no ability to EGF dependent activation and nuclear translocation of MAPK . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Immunohistochemistry demonstrated that membrane anchored HB EGF ( proHB EGF ) and EGFR were co expressed in 44 % of 34 human malignant gliomas . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Clear induction of EGF receptor was detected in Ax1CAhEGFR infected OCLs ( EGFR OCLs ) by immunocytochemistry and immunoblotting , and EGF stimulation induced rapid tyrosine phosphorylation of several proteins including EGF receptor itself . ^^^ Large vacuoles appeared in EGFR OCLs in response to EGF treatment , and pit forming activity by EGFR OCLs was dose dependently suppressed by recombinant human EGF . ^^^ In addition , survival of EGFR OCLs was prolonged by EGF . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Deregulated expression of one or more growth control genes including p 16 , p 53 , EGF receptor ( EGFR ) , MDM 2 or Bcl 2 may contribute to the treatment resistance phenotype of GBM and generally poor patient survival . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Exogenous TGF alpha activated EGFR , ErbB 2 and MAPK , whereas EGF activated only the EGFR . ^^^ TGF alpha was a more potent activator of EGFR than EGF . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Growth factors ( EGF , TGF alpha , HGF ) and growth factor receptors ( EGF R , c met , CCK ) are expressed at levels not found in the normal pancreas . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
We therefore investigated whether vascular endothelial growth factor ( VEGF ) and thymidine phosphorylase ( dThdPase ) are localized more often in primary tumors with hepatic metastasis than in those without such metastasis and whether transforming growth factor ( TGF alpha ) and epidermal growth factor receptor ( EGF R ) are coexisted more often in hepatic metastases than in primary tumors of gastric cancer . ^^^ The primary antibodies used were anti VEGF , anti dThdPase , anti TGF alpha and anti EGF R . ^^^ High co presence of TGF alpha and EGF R was detected more frequently in cancers with deep gastric wall invasion than in those without such invasion ( p = 0 . 050 ) , and also more often in cancers with venous invasion ( p = 0 . 007 ) and those in the advanced stage ( p = 0 . 020 ) . ^^^ Co presence of TGF alpha and EGF R was found to be higher , though not significantly , in hepatic metastases ( 58 . 8 % ) than in primary tumors ( 29 . 4 % ) . ^^^ These findings suggest that localization of VEGF may play an important role in hepatic metastasis , and that the expression of VEGF , dThdPase and the TGF alpha / EGF R pathway may be responsible for the growth of hepatic metastasis . . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
In this report , we document that treatment of cells with specific inhibitors of the epidermal growth factor receptor protein tyrosine kinase ( EGF R PTK ) activity , such as tyrphostin , leads to significant augmentation of AAV transduction efficiency , and phosphorylation of the ssD BP is mediated by the EGF R PTK . ^^^ Furthermore , AAV transduction efficiency inversely correlates with expression of the EGF R in different cell types , and stable transfection of the EGF R cDNA causes phosphorylation of the ssD BP , leading to significant inhibition in AAV mediated transgene expression which can be overcome by the tyrphostin treatment . ^^^ These data suggest that the PTK activity of the EGF R is a crucial determinant in the life cycle of AAV and that further studies on the interaction between the EGF R and the ssD BP may yield new insights not only into its role in the host cell but also in the successful use of AAV vectors in human gene therapy . . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
We show here that following treatment with the progestin , R 5020 , breast cancer cells undergo a `` biochemical shift ' ' in the regulation of epidermal growth factor ( EGF ) stimulated signaling pathways : R 5020 potentiates the effects of EGF by up regulating EGFR , c ErbB 2 and c ErbB 3 receptors , and by enhancing EGF stimulated tyrosine phosphorylation of signaling molecules known to associate with activated type 1 receptors . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Further studies are warranted to determine more accurately the potential of EGF and EGF related peptides in the imaging and / or therapy of EGFr overexpressing human cancers . . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
A blockade of the EGF R tyrosine kinase with tyrphostin was more efficient in reducing the cell number than inhibiting receptor antibodies . ^^^ The effects of EGF and IGF 1 were studied in combination with inhibiting receptor antibodies and an EGF R specific tyrosine kinase inhibitor , tyrphostin B 56 . ^^^ The inhibiting EGF R Ab only inhibited EGF induced increase in cell number . ^^^ In contrast to B 56 , the inhibiting EGF R Ab in the same experiment did not reduce the cell number . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
EGFR overexpression in SCC derived cell lines correlates with their ability to invade in an in vitro invasion assay in response to EGF , whereas benign epidermal cells , which express low levels of EGFR , do not invade . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
The pattern of SCC antigen expression closely coincided with EGF receptor ( EGF R ) expression in cervical squamous neoplasia . ^^^ This suggests that the expression of SCC and EGF R in cervical carcinoma is related to the differentiation or dedifferentiation processes of the tumor cells . ^^^ It seems likely that an autocrine system , in which EGF serves as the signal , may exist in cervical squamous carcinoma . 17beta estradiol and L triiodothyronine were found to upregulate EGF R expression , proliferative potential and SCC production in the CaSki cervical carcinoma cells . . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Signalling by the epidermal growth factor ( EGF ) receptor ( EGFR ) has been studied intensively , but for most cell types the analysis is complicated by the fact that EGFR not only homodimerizes but can also form heterodimers with other EGFR family members . ^^^ We have made use of the murine hemopoietic cell line BaF / 3 , which does not express EGFR family members , to express wild type ( WT ) EGFR , three kinase defective EGFR mutants ( V741G , Y740F , and K721R ) , or a C terminally truncated EGFR ( CT 957 ) and have measured their responses to EGF . ^^^ Blocking the mitogen activated protein kinase ( MAPK ) signalling pathway with the specific inhibitor PD 98059 abrogates completely the EGF dependent survival of cells expressing the kinase defective EGFR mutants but has no effect on the EGF dependent proliferation mediated by WT and CT 957 EGFRs . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
We demonstrate the constitutive expression of interleukin 6 ( IL 6 ) , IL 8 , granulocyte macrophage colony stimulating factor ( GM CSF ) , epidermal growth factor ( EGF ) , transforming growth factor alpha ( TGF alpha ) and epidermal growth factor receptor ( EGFR ) in normal kidney cells , and in the majority of renal oncocytomas , papillary and non papillary renal cell carcinomas ( RCCs ) by reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction ( RT PCR ) technique . ^^^ No expression of IL 6 and TGF alpha and variable expression of GM CSF , IL 8 , EGF and EGFR was seen in chromophobe RCCs . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
The Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor ( EGF R ) and its ligands are potential components of the embryo maternal cross talk : Employing RT PCR , in situ hybridization , and immunohistochemistry , we investigated on mRNA and protein level the expression of EGF R , Epidermal Growth Factor ( EGF ) , Transforming Growth Factor alpha ( TGF alpha ) , and Heparin binding EGF like Growth Factor ( HB EGF ) in spherical and elongating bovine blastocysts between day 13 and day 16 of gestation , and in endometrium at day 13 of gestation . ^^^ EGF R mRNA and protein were detected in trophoblast and endoderm cells of all blastocyst stages that were studied , and in luminal and some glandular epithelial cells of the endometrium at day 13 . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Normal as well as neoplastic cells traverse extracellular matrix barriers by mobilizing proteolytic enzymes in response to epidermal growth factor ( EGF ) EGF receptor ( EGFR ) or hepatocyte growth factor / scatter factor ( SF ) c Met interactions . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Transforming growth factor alpha ( TGF alpha ) , a member of the epidermal growth factor ( EGF ) family , binds to the EGF receptor ( EGF R ) . ^^^ The early expression and widespread distribution of TGF alpha and EGF R in the developing central nervous system ( CNS ) suggest that TGF alpha may play a role in the developing CNS . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
In TNF sensitive breast and cervical carcinoma cells activation of EGFR or ErbB 2 by the exogenous growth factors EGF and heregulin beta 1 resulted in a significant increase in the number of cells surviving TNF alpha treatment . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
The human epidermal growth factor receptor ( HER or ErbB ) family consists of four distinct members , including the epidermal growth factor ( EGF ) receptor ( EGFR , HER 1 , or ErbB 1 ) , ErbB 2 ( HER 2 or neu ) , ErbB 3 ( HER 3 ) , and ErbB 4 ( HER 4 ) . ^^^ High levels of expression of ErbB 3 were correlated with responsiveness to heregulin and sensory and motor neuron derived factor , whereas high levels of EGFR expression were correlated with responsiveness to EGF and betacellulin . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Autocrine EGF receptor ( EGFR ) ligands are normally made as membrane anchored precursors that are proteolytically processed to yield mature , soluble peptides . ^^^ We found that HMEC expressing high levels of membrane anchored EGF grew at a maximal rate that was not increased by exogenous EGF , but could be inhibited by anti EGFR antibodies . ^^^ In contrast , when cells expressed EGF lacking the membrane anchoring domain ( sEGF ) , their proliferation rate , growth at clonal densities , and receptor substrate phosphorylation were not affected by anti EGFR antibodies . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
The epidermal growth factor receptor ( EGF R ) and its major ligands EGF and transforming growth factor alpha ( TGF alpha ) play an important role in the development of multiple human tumors . ^^^ However , little is known of the comparative effects of each ligand on the regulation of EGF R expression . ^^^ In KB cells , EGF and TGF alpha increased EGF R mRNA and protein levels by 2 3 fold over 8 h , associated with a greater than 4 fold stabilization of EGF R mRNA half life . ^^^ EGF and TGF alpha also increased transcription of EGF R mRNA 2 3 fold in KB cells . ^^^ In contrast , EGF and TGF alpha only minimally increased EGF R mRNA and protein in A 431 cells , without changing EGF R mRNA half life . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
After taxol treatment , resident endosomal enzymes and the epidermal growth factor ( EGF ) receptor ( EGFR ) showed significant ( P < / = 0 . 05 ) enrichment in membranes with properties of early endosomes ( fractions 4 and 5 ) ; the EGFR and Na+ K+ ATPase were also significantly ( P < / = 0 . 05 ) depleted in lysosomal fractions ( fractions 10 and 11 ) . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
To determine the role of signaling through the EGF receptor ( EGFR ) in mammary ductal growth and branching , we used mice with a targeted null mutation in the Egfr . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
The epidermal growth factor receptor ( EGFR ) is thought to mediate the action of the mitogens EGF and tumour growth factor alpha ( TGF alpha ) in a variety of cancers , including those of the lung , breast and ovary . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
We previously described spatiotemporal expression of various epidermal growth factor ( EGF ) like ligands and receptor subtypes , ErbB 1 and ErbB 2 , during the peri implantation period . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Ligand induced down regulation of two growth factor receptors , EGF receptor ( ErbB 1 ) and ErbB 3 , correlates with differential ability to recruit c Cbl , whose invertebrate orthologs are negative regulators of ErbB . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
TGFalpha is a member of the epidermal growth factor ( EGF ) family with which it shares the same receptor , the EGF receptor ( EGFR ) . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
As other work from our laboratory in a human skin organ culture model suggests that this response is mediated by activation of the epidermal growth factor ( EGF ) receptor and / or related receptors of the ErbB family , we asked whether CaN 19 expression could be increased by organ culture and by EGF treatment of human keratinocytes . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
EGFR GFP becomes phosphorylated at tyrosine residues in response to EGF and is capable of phosphorylating endogenous substrates and initiating signaling cascades . ^^^ Time dependent co localization of EGFR GFP and Texas Red conjugated EGF in living cells using digital deconvolution microscopy demonstrates the trafficking of ligand receptor complexes through the early and multivesicular endosomes followed by segregation of the ligand and receptor at the late stages of endocytosis . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
We have focused on the mechanisms by which the EGF receptor ( EGFR ) actuates fibroblast cell motility in an attempt to define this integrated process in one system . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
This prepubertal genistein treatment up regulated TGF alpha and the EGF receptor ( EGFR ) , but not EGF , in mammary terminal ductal structures at day 21 postpartum . ^^^ TGF alpha , EGF and EGFR mRNA levels were similar in 21 day old control and genistein treated animals . ^^^ TGF alpha mRNA levels were down regulated in TEB of proestrous and estrous females ; EGF mRNA levels were down regulated in TDs of proestrous , but not in estrous females ; and EGFR mRNA levels were not altered in 50 day old proestrous or estrous female rats . ^^^ TGF alpha , EGF and EGFR were also observed in the stroma and fat pad , but genistein treatment did not alter the expression of these proteins in those locations . ^^^ TGF alpha , but not EGF and EGFR , immunostaining was observed in cell nuclei ( not modulated by genistein ) , suggesting that this growth factor may act directly on nuclear events such as transcription and DNA replication . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
A novel member of the epidermal growth factor ( EGF ) family , the neural and thymus derived activator for ErbB kinase ( NTAK ) has been cloned from the cDNA library of a rat pheochromocytoma cell line , PC 12 cells and human neuroblastoma cell line , SK N SH cells . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
PURPOSE : To determine the involvement of the mitogenic growth factors transforming growth factor alpha ( TGF alpha ) , epidermal growth factor ( EGF ) , and the EGF receptor ( EGF R ) in the proliferative response after irradiation of the mouse jejunum . ^^^ Expression of TGF alpha , EGF , and EGF R increased at 1 2 days and decreased at 4 8 days after 5 or 11 Gy irradiation . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
The role of epidermal growth factor ( EGF ) and its receptor in mucosal protection , adaptation to injury , and ulcer healing : involvement of EGF R signal transduction pathways . ^^^ EGF exerts its actions by binding to its receptor , EGF R , a transmembrane protein tyrosine kinase , which triggers receptor dimerization , autophosphorylation , and recruitment of kinase substrates . ^^^ Recent studies demonstrated that EGF R associated tyrosine kinase plays an essential role in regulating gastric mucosal cell proliferation after acute injury and further demonstrated activation of the EGF R gene , EGF R phosphorylation , and increased MAP kinase activity during early stages of experimental gastric ulcer healing . ^^^ Finally , experimental data indicate that Helicobacter pylori vacuolating cytotoxin inhibits healing of experimental gastric ulcers , cell proliferation , binding of EGF to its receptor , EGF induced EGF R phosphorylation , and MAP kinase ( ERK 2 ) activation . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Co expression of full length EGFR and oncogenic p 185 ( neu ) receptors resulted in an increased EGF induced phosphotyrosine content of p 185 ( neu ) , increased cell proliferation to limiting concentrations of EGF , and increases in both EGF induced MAPK and phosphatidylinositol 3 kinase ( PI 3 kinase ) activation . ^^^ Intracellular domain deleted p 185 ( neu ) receptors ( T691stop neu ) were able to associate with full length EGFR , but induced antagonistic effects on EGF dependent EGF receptor down regulation , cell proliferation , and activation of MAPK and PI 3 kinase pathways . ^^^ Ectodomain deleted p 185 ( neu ) proteins ( TDelta 5 ) were unable to physically associate with EGFR , and extracellular domain deleted p 185 ( neu ) forms failed to augment activation of MAPK and PI 3 kinase in response to EGF . ^^^ TAPstop co expressing cells in response to EGF was similar to cells containing EGFR only . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
However , MAb directed against the EGF receptor ( EGFR ) did only partly inhibit the invasive process in vitro . ^^^ Since laminin has regional peptide homology with EGF ( EGF like repeats ) , the present work was aimed at studying how two human glioma cell lines exposed to antibodies to the EGFR , reacted to laminin stimulated migration . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
It has been shown that epidermal growth factor ( EGF ) inhibits dexamethasone induced differentiation and up regulates EGF receptor ( EGF R ) expression , whereas EGF R is down regulated in the course of differentiation . ^^^ In order to investigate further this hypothesis , human PDL cells were now used to elucidate the role of EGF and EGF R in their proliferation and differentiation under mechanical stress loaded conditions in vitro , as the PDL regularly receives mechanical stress from occlusal forces . ^^^ Western blotting of EGF R protein demonstrated that stretch induced differentiation accompanied the decreased expression of EGF R protein in the cells . ^^^ However , the amount of tyrosine phosphorylated EGF R upon EGF stimulation was restored to the control level in stretched cells . ^^^ These results suggest that the EGF / EGF R system acts as a negative regulator of differentiation of PDL cells regardless of the type of differentiation stimuli . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Both forms of therapy produced similar changes , with overall increases in duodenal mucosal turnover and transforming growth factor alpha ( TGF alpha ) and epidermal growth factor receptor ( EGF r ) levels . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
To clarify whether epidermal growth factor receptor ( EGFR ) , implicated in the mediation of the developmental toxicity of TCDD , is involved in dental toxicity , we cultured embryonic molar teeth from EGFR deficient mice with TCDD , epidermal growth factor ( EGF ) , and both agents in combination . ^^^ EGF alone retarded the molar tooth development of normal embryos , but not that of EGFR deficient embryos . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Activation of the epidermal growth factor receptor ( EGFR ) by EGF results in binding of clathrin adaptor protein complex AP 2 to the receptor cytoplasmic tail . ^^^ In this study we found that EGF induced EGFR / AP 2 association , measured by co immunoprecipitation , persists after receptor internalization . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Epidermal growth factor and related substances mediate their effects on epithelial cells through binding to high affinity receptors ( EGF R ) at their basolateral surface and it is hypothesized that this growth factor system play a major role in gut morphogenesis and maintenance . ^^^ The current review emphasizes on analyzing the expression and the biochemical characteristics of EGF R in human fetal gut segments and correlating the biological actions of EGF R ligands . ^^^ They appear to be primarily involved in the local regulation of epithelial cell proliferation in which EGF R are abundant . ^^^ Alternatively , EGF R ligands exert some precocious maturative effects by increasing intestinal lactase activity and decreasing brush border hydrolases in colon while they down modulate the expression of segment specific markers of terminal differentiation such as sucrase , trehalase and glucoamylase in the intestine and chief cell lipase in the stomach . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Duct and cyst like structures and carcinomas in the left submandibular glands were weakly stained by anti EGF receptor ( EGFR ) antibody . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
The expression of epidermal growth factor ( EGF ) and its receptor ( EGFR ) was studied immunohistochemically in fifty seven Chinese patients with primary invasive ductal carcinoma ( IDC ) of the pancreas . ^^^ The frequency of expression of EGF and EGFR was 73 . 7 % and 68 . 4 % , respectively . ^^^ Positive co expression of EGF and EGFR was significantly associated with the poor prognosis . ^^^ The median survival of the EGF ( ) EGFR ( ) group for 17 . 2 months was longer than that of the EGF ( + ) EGFR ( + ) group for 9 . 7 months ( p = 0 . 02 ) , as well as that of the other groups of EGR ( + ) EGFR ( ) , EGF ( ) EGFR ( + ) , and EGF ( + ) EGFR ( + ) for 9 . 9 month ( p = 0 . 03 ) . ^^^ These results suggested that EGF and EGFR were frequently expressed in Chinese patients with IDC of the pancreas . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Sialidase expression did not modify the binding of epidermal growth factor ( EGF ) to its receptor but enhanced EGF receptor ( EGFR ) tyrosine autophosphorylation as compared to that of parental cells or cells transfected with the vector ( pcDNA 3 ) alone . ^^^ Moreover , the phosphorylation of the EGFR , as well as other protein substrates , was observed at low EGF concentrations , suggesting an increase in the receptor kinase sensitivity . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Autonomous and 1 , 25 ( OH ) 2D3 stimulated proliferations were inhibited by a specific inhibitor of EGF receptor ( EGFR ) tyrosine kinase , an EGFR neutralizing antibody , heparin , the heparin antagonist hexadimethrine , and the proteoglycan sulfation inhibitor chlorate . ^^^ By immunoprecipitation followed by Western blotting we showed that ErbB1 / ErbB3 heterodimers are the major mitogenic signaling entity in 1 , 25 ( OH ) 2D3 stimulated cells . 1 , 25 ( OH ) 2D3 did not affect the levels of the proteoglycan dependent EGFR ligands amphiregulin and heparin binding EGF nor the synthesis of proteoglycans , as assessed by 35S labeling and ion exchange chromatography . 1 , 25 ( OH ) 2D3 caused a marked increase in the cellular contents of ErbB 1 , ErbB 2 , and ErbB 3 proteins . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
These are Drosophila EGF Receptor ( Egfr ) , rolled , Src42A , and two other new loci , one of which was named semang ( sag ) . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
These results suggested that superoxide anion / hydrogen peroxide generated during the ischemia reperfusion other than EGF could act as an activator for the EGFR . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Here we report the pre clinical characterization of bispecific antibody fragments ( bsFab 2 ) directed to 2 different glioblastoma associated antigens : the EGF receptor ( EGFR ) and a chondroitin sulfate proteoglycan ( CSPG ) . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
The epidermal growth factor ( EGF ) receptor ( EGFR ) family includes four homologous transmembrane receptor protein tyrosine kinases , EGFR , ErbB 2 , ErbB 3 , and ErbB 4 . ^^^ The aim of this study was to characterize the role of EGFR family members in signaling EGF induced human airway smooth muscle ( HASM ) cell proliferation . ^^^ Here , we show that EGF stimulates activation of EGFR and transactivation of ErbB 2 in quiescent HASM cells . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Unexpectedly , the Y845F mutant EGFR was found to retain its full kinase activity and its ability to activate the adapter protein SHC and extracellular signal regulated kinase ERK 2 in response to EGF , demonstrating that the mitogenic pathway involving phosphorylation of Y 845 is independent of ERK 2 activation . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
The authors sought to determine whether SBR was associated with changes in the levels of EGF in the serum , saliva , or urine and EGF receptor ( EGF R ) signaling in the ileum . ^^^ EGF R activation was measured in isolated ileal enterocytes by probing an EGF R immunoprecipitate with an antibody to phosphotyrosine . ^^^ EGF R activation increased 2 . 5 fold after SBR . ^^^ CONCLUSIONS : Increased salivary and reduced urinary EGF linked with enhanced EGF R activation suggests increased ileal utilization of EGF during adaptation . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
The up regulation of the EGFR and its redistribution within the OC following neomycin damage support the earlier observation that growth factors that act through EGFR , such as EGF and transforming growth factor alpha can induce neonatal mammalian auditory hair cell replacement under culture conditions , after aminoglycoside treatment . . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
In this report , the effects of TNF on EGF receptor tyrosine phosphorylation in ME 180 cell variants selected for apoptotic sensitivity ( Sen ) or resistance ( Res ) to TNF , previously shown to differentially express EGFr , were examined . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
In 6 HCC cell lines , clear expressions of EGFR and TGF alpha were found in flow cytometry , while expressions of EGF , HB EGF and AR were quite low . ^^^ In non stimulated cultures , cell proliferation was suppressed by anti EGFR neutralizing antibody , but not by the antibodies for EGF , TGF alpha , AR and HB EGF . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Transforming growth factor alpha ( TGF alpha ) is a ligand for the epidermal growth factor ( EGF ) receptor ( EGFR ) , and is more abundant than EGF in the brain . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Following stimulation with EGF , a significant portion of the EGFR was recycled to the surface in papilloma cells , whereas in normal cells , it was not . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Epidermal growth factor ( EGF ) is a ligand for EGF receptor ( ErbB 1 ) ; this receptor is the product of the c erbB 1 proto oncogene . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
EGF ( 40 . 0 % ) , EGFR ( 91 . 4 % ) and p21ras ( 53 . 3 % ) expression levels were related to neigher the grading nor prognosis of this tumor . ^^^ CONCLUSION : It is suggested that the aberration of c erbB 2 , p21ras , EGF and EGFR might be the early events in the initiation and progression of gliomas , whereas p 53 is involved in all stages of these tumors . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
The addition of epidermal growth factor ( EGF ) to epidermal growth factor receptor ( EGF receptor ) dissolved in a solution of the detergent Triton 10 100 results in the activation of its protein tyrosine kinase . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Under two conditions ( 10 % FCS and 0 . 5 % FCS plus 20 ng / ml EGF ) , cells acquired the ability to form colonies in soft agarose and tumors in nude mice , and this was accompanied by the expression of genes , including epidermal growth factor receptor , platelet derived growth factor receptor alpha and beta , protein kinase Cdelta , and vascular endothelial growth factor , which are known to be aberrantly regulated in human astrocytomas . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
These parameters correlated with the ability of c Src and EGFR to form an EGF dependent heterocomplex in vivo . ^^^ Here we provide evidence that association between c Src and EGFR can occur directly , as shown by receptor overlay experiments , and that it results in the appearance of two novel tyrosine phosphorylations on the receptor that are seen both in vitro and in vivo following EGF stimulation . ^^^ Furthermore , transient expression of a Y845F variant EGFR in murine fibroblasts resulted in an ablation of EGF induced DNA synthesis to nonstimulated levels . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
NA
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
NA
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
NA
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
NA
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
NA
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
NA
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Here we show that stimulation of epidermal growth factor receptors ( EGF R ) by its ligands , EGF and transforming growth factor alpha ( TGFalpha ) , causes MUC5AC expression in airway epithelial cells both in in vitro and in vivo . ^^^ We found that a MUC5AC inducing epithelial cell line , NCI H 292 , expresses EGF R constitutively ; EGF R gene expression was stimulated further by tumor necrosis factor alpha ( TNFalpha ) . ^^^ EGF R ligands increased the expression of MUC5AC at both gene and protein levels , and this effect was potentiated by TNFalpha . ^^^ Selective EGF R tyrosine kinase inhibitors blocked MUC5AC expression induced by EGF R ligands . ^^^ Pathogen free rats expressed little EGF R protein in airway epithelial cells ; intratracheal instillation of TNFalpha induced EGF R in airway epithelial cells , and subsequent instillation of EGF R ligands increased the number of goblet cells , Alcian blue periodic acid Schiff staining ( reflecting mucous glycoconjugates ) , and MUC5AC gene expression , whereas TNFalpha , EGF , or TGFalpha alone was without effect . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
EGF dependent association of 20S proteasome and alpha RNP particles with the epidermal growth factor receptor in A 431 cells ] . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Transforming growth factor alpha ( TGFalpha ) is an epidermal growth factor receptor ( EGFR ) ligand which is distinguished from EGF by its acid labile structure and potent transforming function . ^^^ We recently reported that TGFalpha induces less efficient EGFR heterodimerization and downregulation than does EGF ( Gulliford et al . , 1997 , Oncogene , 15 : 2219 2223 ) . ^^^ Here we use isoform specific EGFR and ErbB 2 antibodies to show that the duration of EGFR signalling induced by a single TGFalpha exposure is less than that induced by equimolar EGF . ^^^ The protein trafficking inhibitor brefeldin A ( BFA ) reduces the duration of EGF signalling to an extent similar to that seen with TGFalpha alone ; the effects of TGFalpha and BFA on EGFR degradation are opposite , however , with TGFalpha sparing EGFR from downregulation but BFA accelerating EGF dependent receptor loss . ^^^ This suggests that BFA blocks EGFR recycling and thus shortens EGF dependent receptor signalling , whereas TGFalpha shortens receptor signalling and thus blocks EGFR downregulation . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
The epidermal growth factor receptor ( EGFR ) mediates the actions of a family of bioactive peptides that include epidermal growth factor ( EGF ) and amphiregulin ( AR ) . ^^^ Here we have studied AR and EGF mitogenic signaling in EGFR devoid NR 6 fibroblasts that ectopically express either wild type EGFR ( WT ) or a truncated EGFR that lacks the three major sites of autophosphorylation ( c ' 1000 ) . ^^^ In contrast , EGFR truncation did not impair EGF mitogenic signaling , and in c ' 1000 cells EGF was able to stimulate the association of ErbB 2 with GRB 2 and SHC . ^^^ Thus , the cytoplasmic tail of the EGFR plays a critical role in AR mitogenic signaling but is dispensable for EGF , since EGF activated truncated EGFRs can signal through ErbB2 . . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
The epidermal growth factor receptor ( EGFR ) ligands , epidermal growth factor ( EGF ) , and transforming growth factor alpha ( TGFalpha ) elicit differential postendocytic processing of ligand and receptor molecules , which impacts long term cell signaling outcomes . ^^^ These differences arise from the higher affinity of the EGF EGFR interaction versus that of TGFalpha EGFR in the acidic conditions of sorting endosomes . ^^^ We found that EGF continues to stimulate maximal tyrosine phosphorylation of EGFR following internalization , while , as expected , TGFalpha stimulates markedly less . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
We demonstrate in vivo , that cbl b , like c cbl , is phosphorylated and recruited to the EGFR upon EGF stimulation and both cbl proteins can bind to the Grb 2 adaptor protein . ^^^ This cell line is absolutely dependent on exogenous IL 3 or EGF for sustained growth . 32D / EGFR cells overexpressing cbl b showed markedly inhibited growth in EGF compared to c cbl transfectants and vector controls . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
EGF mediated clathrin phosphorylation is followed by clathrin redistribution to the cell periphery and is the product of downstream activation of SRC kinase by EGF receptor ( EGFR ) signaling . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
A fully human IgG2kappa monoclonal antibody ( MAb ) , E7 . 6 . 3 , specific to the human epidermal growth factor ( EGF ) receptor ( EGFr ) was generated from human antibody producing XenoMouse strains engineered to be deficient in mouse antibody production and to contain the majority of the human antibody gene repertoire on megabase sized fragments from the human heavy and kappa light chain loci . ^^^ The E7 . 6 . 3 MAb exhibits high affinity ( KD = 5 10 10 ( 11 ) M ) to the receptor , blocks completely the binding of both EGF and transforming growth factor alpha ( TGF a ) to various EGFr expressing human carcinoma cell lines , and abolishes EGF dependent cell activation , including EGFr tyrosine phosphorylation , increased extracellular acidification rate , and cell proliferation . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Heparin binding EGF like growth factor interacts with mouse blastocysts independently of ErbB 1 : a possible role for heparan sulfate proteoglycans and ErbB 4 in blastocyst implantation . ^^^ TGF ( & agr ; ) or HB EGF binds to EGF receptor ( ErbB 1 ) , while HB EGF , in addition , binds to ErbB 4 . ^^^ The results indicate that ErbB 1 is inefficient in mediating TGF ( & agr ; ) PE or HB EGF PE toxicity as follows : ( 1 ) TGF ( & agr ; ) PE was relatively inferior in killing blastocysts , 100 fold less than HB EGF PE , ( 2 ) analysis of blastocysts isolated from cross bred egfr+ / mice demonstrated that HB EGF PE , but not TGF ( & agr ; ) PE , killed egfr / blastocysts , and ( 3 ) blastocysts that survived TGF ( & agr ; ) PE were nevertheless killed by HB EGF PE . ^^^ It is concluded that ( 1 ) HB EGF interacts with the blastocyst cell surface via high affinity receptors other than ErbB 1 , ( 2 ) the HB EGF interaction with high affinity blastocysts receptors is regulated by heparan sulfate , and ( 3 ) ErbB 4 is a candidate for being a high affinity receptor for HB EGF on the surface of implantation competent blastocysts . . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Treatment of keratinocytes cultured on collagen with EGFR antagonist or heparin binding ( HB ) EGF neutralizing antibodies dramatically inhibited the sustained expression ( 6 24 h ) of collagenase 1 mRNA , whereas initial induction by collagen alone ( 2 h ) was unaffected . ^^^ These results demonstrate that keratinocyte contact with type 1 collagen is sufficient to induce collagenase 1 expression , whereas sustained enzyme production requires autocrine EGFR activation by HB EGF as an obligatory intermediate step , thereby maintaining collagenase 1 dependent migration during the re epithelialization of epidermal wounds . . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
We used immunofluorescence , flow cytometry , and confocal microscopy and report that 1 ) EF exposure up regulated the EGF receptor ( EGFR ) ; so also did growing cells on substrates of FN or LAM ; and 2 ) EGFRs and actin accumulated in the cathodal directed half of CECs , within 10 min in EF . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Transforming growth factor alpha ( TGF alpha ) has been reported to be a more potent agonist when compared to epidermal growth factor ( EGF ) in several systems while acting via their common receptor , the epidermal growth factor receptor ( EGFR ) . ^^^ It has been postulated that this increased potency is mediated by the increased recycling of EGFR upon activation by TGF alpha as against receptor activation by EGF . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Adding Ca2+ ( < or = 10 ( 6 ) M ) , with or without exogenous MgATP , dose dependently attenuated EGF induced tyrosine phosphorylation of EGF receptors ( EGFR ) and other substrates in UMR 106 cells , but was less effective in A 431 cells . ^^^ These results strongly suggest that there is crosstalk between EGFR activated tyrosine phosphorylation / dephosphorylation pathways and both Ca2+ and G protein mediated pathways in UMR 106 cells , revealing a previously unrecognized modulation of EGF signalling in osteoblast like cells that contrasts with the simpler regulatory mechanisms found in A 431 cells . . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Binding specificities and affinities of egf domains for ErbB receptors . ^^^ To address this issue , the relative binding affinities of the egf domains of eleven ErbB ligands were measured on six ErbB receptor combinations using a soluble receptor ligand binding format . ^^^ In contrast , ErbB 3 showed much more restrictive ligand binding specificity and measurable binding was observed only with heregulin , neuregulin2beta , epiregulin and the synthetic heregulin / egf chimera , biregulin . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
EGF receptor ( EGF R ) activation was also necessary for trefoil auto and cross induction , and both spasmolytic polypeptide ( SP ) and ITF stimulation of gastric cell lines led to phosphorylation of EGF R . ^^^ Nevertheless , ITF and ITF thioredoxin cell surface binding at 4 degrees C colocalized not with EGF R , but with CD 71 , which is found in clathrin coated pits , suggesting that integration of trefoil peptide responses may occur after internalization . ^^^ As EGF R expression is itself strongly induced after mucosal damage , the trefoil / EGF R relationship may be pivotal in the generation and maintenance of the mucosal repair phenotype . . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Immunostaining for EGF , TGF alpha , AR , HB EGF , and betacellulin ( BTC ) was intense in the submucosal glands ; with the exception of BTC , EGFR ligand immunoreactivity was also observed in the bronchial epithelium , where it paralleled EGFR staining . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Epidermal growth factor ( EGF ) stimulates the homodimerization of EGF receptor ( EGFR ) and the heterodimerization of EGFR and ErbB 2 . ^^^ The EGFR homodimers are quickly endocytosed after EGF stimulation as a means of down regulation . ^^^ Moreover , in MDA 453 , SKBR 3 , and BT 474 cells , which have very high levels of EGFR ErbB 2 heterodimerization , EGF induced EGFR endocytosis was greatly inhibited compared with that in BT 20 cells , which have a very low level of EGFR ErbB 2 heterodimerization . ^^^ Microinjection of an ErbB 2 expression plasmid into BT 20 cells significantly inhibited EGF stimulated EGFR endocytosis . ^^^ Coexpression of ErbB 2 with EGFR in 293T cells also significantly inhibited EGF stimulated EGFR endocytosis . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Because epidermal growth factor ( EGF ) and transforming growth factor alpha ( TGF alpha ) have been demonstrated to be involved in epidermal proliferation through binding to EGF receptor ( EGFr ) , we tested the hypothesis that these cytokines could be secreted by lymphomatous cells , and induce the overlying pseudoepitheliomatous hyperplasia . ^^^ The purposes of this study were : ( 1 ) to describe the clinical and immunohistological features of pseudoepitheliomatous hyperplasia ; ( 2 ) to determine its frequency in a large series of CTCLs ; and ( 3 ) to evaluate the expression of EGF , TGF alpha and EGFr in CTCL with or without pseudoepitheliomatous hyperplasia . ^^^ Epidermal expression of EGF , EGFr and TGF alpha was stronger in CTCL than in control normal human skin . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Expression of cytokines ( interleukin [ IL ] 1alpha , IL 1beta , IL 6 , IL 8 , tumor necrosis factor alpha , and IL ra ) , growth factors ( transforming growth factor [ TGF ] alpha , epidermal growth factors [ EGF ] , EGF receptor [ EGFR ] , TGF beta 1 , TGF beta 2 , and platelet derived growth factor beta ) and cytochrome P 450 enzymes ( 1A1 , 2C , 2E1 , and 3A5 ) was similar in CEPI 17 CL 4 cells and human corneal epithelial samples obtained in biopsy . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
ErbB 2 homodimerizes but also presents as a common auxiliary subunit of the EGF and heregulin receptors ( erbB 1 or EGFR ; and erbB 3 4 , respectively ) , with which it heteroassociates . ^^^ The EGF induced increase in the erbB 2 cluster size was inhibited by the EGFR specific tyrosine kinase inhibitor PD 153035 . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
NA
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
NA
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
NA
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Binding of epidermal growth factor ( EGF ) to its receptor ( EGFR ) augments the tyrosine kinase activity of the receptor and autophosphorylation . ^^^ Pretreatment of REF 52 cells with the nonhydrolyzable cAMP analog , 8 ( 4 chlorophenylthio ) cAMP , decreased EGF induced tyrosine phosphorylation of cellular proteins as well as activation of the WT EGFR . ^^^ The decreased phosphorylation of cellular proteins and diminished activation of the EGFR in cells treated with the cAMP analog was not the result of altered binding of EGF to its receptors or changes in receptor internalization . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
The secretion of matrix metalloproteinases ( MMPs ) was diminished in Egfr / explants , consistent with the ability of EGF to increase MMP secretion and with the decreased MMP expression caused by inhibition of Egfr signalling in wild type explants . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
In order to get more insight into the mechanism , the regulatory effect of HSS on EGF receptor ( EGF R ) and the receptor phosphorylation at molecular level was studied . ^^^ HSS partially purified from weanling rat liver was given to cultured hepatocytes and its influence on EGF R specific binding and internalization as well as mRNA expression were investigated . ^^^ Furthermore , the over expression of EGF R mRNA stimulated by HSS was seen during 2 12 h after the incubation . ^^^ Additionally , it was demonstrated with human hepatoma SMMC 7721 cells in Western blot that the EGF R expression and the receptor autophosphorylation were increased with dose / time dependency after HSS treatment . ^^^ These results strongly suggest that the mechanism of HSS action on hepatocyte growth might be related to its modulation on EGF R and receptor mediated signaling transduction . . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
EGF is a single chain polypeptide , which binds to epidermal growth factor receptor ( EGFR ) and is known to be internalized by endocytosis . ^^^ EGF angiogenin and EGF gly angiogenin maintained receptor binding activity of EGF and RNase activity of angiogenin in a single peptide and actively inhibited growth of human EGFR positive target cells in culture . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
BMP 2 had no inhibitory effect on the EGF receptor ( EGFR ) associated tyrosine kinase activity indicating that inhibition of DNA synthesis is due to regulation of post receptor signaling event ( s ) . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
The specific EGF receptor ( EGFR ) monoclonal antibody , MAb 528 , inhibited both basal and TGF alpha or IL 1beta stimulated migration , but not the response to trefoil peptide , bFGF , or IGF 1 . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
In contrast to EGF receptor ( EGFR ) knockout mice , triple null mice lacking half of the EGFR ligand family were healthy and fertile , indicative of overlapping or compensatory functions among EGF family members . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
NA
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
NA
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Epidermal growth factor ( EGF ) can enhance nutrient transport and a defective epidermal growth factor receptor ( EGF R ) has been noted to attenuate adaptation . ^^^ We hypothesize that the site of massive enterectomy will alter nutrient transport and EGF R levels in the residual gut . ^^^ EGF R protein was determined by Western blot analysis . ^^^ After midgut resection , EGF R was significantly greater ( 124 % ) in ileum then in jejunum in whole mucosa homogenates . ^^^ Proximal resection significantly lowered ileal EGF R compared to that seen in midgut resected residual ileum . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
The mitogenic action of EGF is mediated by ligand induced autophosphorylation of the EGF receptor ( EGF R ) , which is commonly overexpressed in numerous human cancers . ^^^ For this purpose , 4 aminoquinazoline derivatives were prepared and evaluated for their ability to inhibit RTK activity and the autophosphorylation of EGF R . ^^^ This study reports additional structure activity relationships of a well characterized series to develop new inhibitors of EGF R associated tyrosine kinase activity . . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Metalloprotease inhibitors also reduced growth of EGF responsive tumorigenic cell lines and were synergistic with the inhibitory effects of antagonistic EGFR antibodies . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
To investigate how EGF and its receptor ( EGFR ) regulate this directionality , we first examined the effect of protein tyrosine kinase inhibitors , including PD 158780 , a specific inhibitor for EGFR , on this response . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Epidermal growth factor ( EGF ) is a potential peptide radiopharmaceutical for detection of brain tumors , because many human gliomas overexpress the EGF receptor ( EGFR ) . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
The ErbB / HER family of receptor tyrosine kinases consists of four receptors that bind a large number of growth factor ligands sharing an epidermal growth factor ( EGF ) like motif . ^^^ Whereas ErbB 1 binds seven different ligands whose prototype is EGF , the three families of neuregulins ( NRGs ) activate ErbB 3 and / or ErbB 4 . ^^^ A synthetic peptide encompassing the full length EGF like domain can induce growth of interleukin dependent cells ectopically expressing ErbB 4 , but not cells expressing the other three ErbB proteins or their combinations . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Differential association of phosphatidylinositol 5 phosphate 4 kinase with the EGF / ErbB family of receptors . ^^^ Here we have tested the possibility that phosphoinositide kinases may be take part in signal transduction through interactions with the epidermal growth factor ( EGF ) receptor and the ErbB family of tyrosine kinase receptors . ^^^ Co immunoprecipitation experiments indicate that PIP4K interacts with not only the EGF receptor , but also selectively with members of the ErbB tyrosine kinase family . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
NA
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
NA
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
NA
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
In this report we describe a rapid and efficient procedure to evaluate the importance of several different epidermal growth factor ( EGF ) residues for the binding and activation of its receptor ( EGFR ) . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
After injection of a single dose of EGF ( 10 microg / 100 g body weight ) , MAPK was detected in EGF receptor ( EGFR ) immunoprecipitates prepared from ENs . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Epidermal growth factor ( EGF ) binding to its receptor , ErbB 1 , triggers various signal transduction pathways , one of which leads to the activation of signal transducer and activator of transcription ( Stat ) factors . ^^^ In this report we show that ErbB 2 , ErbB 3 , and ErbB 4 do not potentiate Stat 5 phosphorylation by EGF . ^^^ In A 431 cells , Stat 1 , Stat 3 , and Stat 5 , were constitutively complexed with ErbB 1 and rapidly phosphorylated on tyrosine in response to EGF . ^^^ Janus kinases ( Jaks ) were also constitutively associated with ErbB receptors and were phosphorylated in response to EGF related ligands . ^^^ Upon EGF stimulation , c Src was rapidly recruited to Stat / ErbB receptor complexes . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
BACKGROUND / PURPOSE : After massive small bowel resection ( SBR ) , epidermal growth factor ( EGF ) and its intestinal receptor ( EGF R ) play major roles during adaptation . ^^^ The expression of a homologous enterocyte receptor termed c neu ( c neu R ) is capable of forming heterodimers with EGF R to facilitate cellular signaling . ^^^ The purpose of this study was to determine the expression and activation of EGF R and c neu R during the adaptive intestinal response to SBR . ^^^ After 1 , 3 , and 7 days , enterocytes were isolated and protein immunoprecipitated with antibody to either EGF R or c neu R . ^^^ RESULTS : When compared with sham operation , the expression and activation status of both EGF R ( six and twofold , respectively ) and c neu R ( nine and twofold , respectively ) were increased substantially in enterocytes from the adapting ileum after SBR by postoperative day 3 . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Serum and correspondent tissue measurements of epidermal growth factor ( EGF ) and epidermal growth factor receptor ( EGF R ) . ^^^ CONCLUSION : The results of this study show that routine measurements of epidermal growth factor ( EGF ) and epidermal growth factor receptor ( EGF R ) can not improve screening for pancreatic cancer despite the frequently present tissue overexpression . ^^^ In cases where preoperative diagnosis is difficult the noninvasive EGF and EGF R serum measurements may be helpful in discriminating between pancreatic cancer and chronic pancreatitis . ^^^ BACKGROUND : EGF and EGF R are frequently overexpressed in the tissue of patients suffering from ductal pancreatic cancer and to lesser degree in patients with chronic pancreatitis . ^^^ In cases of pancreatic cancer , the tissue expression of EGF and EGF R was evaluated by immunohistochemistry . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
NA
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
NA
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
To define the molecular mechanisms involved in the regulation of EGFR expression by EGF and TGF alpha we studied three human prostate cancer cell lines , androgen responsive ( LNCaP ) and unresponsive ( DU 145 and PC 3 ) . ^^^ Here we show that TGF alpha stabilized EGFR mRNA two to threefold in all three cell lines , whilst EGF stabilized EGFR mRNA approximately twofold in LNCaP and DU 145 cells , but not in PC 3 cells . ^^^ In all three cell lines EGF reduced total EGFR protein levels more than TGF alpha , but this was associated with a greater increase in de novo protein synthesis with EGF compared to TGF alpha . ^^^ Only EGF , however , shortened EGFR protein stability ( half life decreased from 5 h to 120 min ) , resulting in rapid disappearance of newly synthesized EGFR protein . ^^^ These studies demonstrate that the EGF and TGF alpha induced upregulation of EGFR mRNA and protein in human prostate cancer cell lines is complex and occurs at multiple , transcriptional and post transcriptional levels . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Cell proliferation was measured by 3H thymidine incorporation and EGF receptor ( EGFR ) binding was assessed by Scatchard analysis . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
The protein is phosphorylated and recruited to the EGFR upon EGF stimulation and inhibits EGF stimulated MAP kinase activation . ^^^ An alternatively spliced form of the cbl 3 protein was also identified which deletes a critical region of the PTB domain and which does not interact with the EGFR nor inhibit EGF stimulated MAP kinase activation . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Since prevention of EGF / EGFR binding by an EGFR specific monoclonal antibody suppressed the growth of NPC xenografts , we examined potential anti NPC activity by a group of specific inhibitors of the EGFR family of tyrosine kinases . ^^^ We found that HONE T 1 NPC cells expressed high levels of EGFR tyrosine kinase activity upon stimulation by EGF . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Signaling by the epidermal growth factor ( EGF ) family and the neuregulin group of ligands is mediated by four ErbB receptor tyrosine kinases , that form homo and heterodimeric complexes . ^^^ To understand the underlying mechanism we constructed a chimeric EGF receptor ( ErbB 1 ) whose autophosphorylation C terminal domain was replaced by the corresponding portion of ErbB 3 . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Here we show that PKC dependent transmodulation of EGFR and ErbB 2 signalling is schedule specific : prolonged pre treatment of A 431 cells with the PKC agonist phorbol dibutyrate potently inhibits subsequent ligand induced EGFR signalling as expected , but EGF pre treatment reverses the inhibitory effect of phorbol . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
NA
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
NA
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
This study determined the ontogeny of EGF receptor ( EGF R ) expression in the decidua basalis ( DB ) throughout pregnancy and its regulation by estrogen and progesterone ( P 4 ) . ^^^ During normal pregnancy , total EGF R ( phosphorylated and unphosphorylated forms ) increased from Day 8 to a maximum level on Days 10 and 12 . ^^^ Tyrosine phosphorylated EGF R ( pEGF R ) , the bioactive form , was also highest on Days 10 and 12 . ^^^ Immunohistochemistry of DB from Ovx rats revealed that only P 4 was able to maintain normal expression of EGF R ; RU 486 decreased EGF R expression within 6 h , and by 24 h EGF R and pEGF R were 15 % of the Day 10 control group levels . ^^^ These findings show that EGF R is a P 4 dependent protein associated with stromal cell proliferation and decidualization . . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
OBJECTIVE : To investigate the influence of epidermal growth factor ( EGF ) on preimplantation development , implantation , and expression of epidermal growth factor receptor ( EGFR ) itself in mouse embryos . ^^^ The mRNA concentration of EGFR in embryos treated with 0 . 1 ng / ml of EGF was significantly higher than those of the control and other EGF treatment groups . ^^^ CONCLUSION : EGF may have a stimulatory role in later stage embryonic development , implantation and expression of EGFR in hatched blastocyst itself at the specific concentration . . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
EGF treatment of EGFR transfectants results in more rapid EGFR downregulation than occurs in ErbB 2 transfectants , but Northern blot analysis demonstrates reduced basal EGFR gene expression in ErbB 2 transfectants . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
This binding , which did not induce cross linking of EGFR , caused a capping of the receptor on the cell surface which mimicked the capping induced by EGF . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Apoptosis induced by PI3K inhibition was attenuated by : ( a ) dihydrotestosterone ; or ( b ) the ErbB 1 activating ligands [ epidermal growth factor ( EGF ) , transforming growth factor alpha , or heparin binding EGF like growth factor ] . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
This study aimed to examine the role that the epidermal growth factor ( EGF ) receptor ( EGF R ) and its ligands , EGF and transforming growth factor alpha ( TGF alpha ) , play in migration in wounded in vitro models of colonic epithelium . ^^^ Basal migration and the motogenic effects of short chain fatty acids and hepatocyte growth factor were mediated through enhanced binding of TGF alpha to EGF R , while trefoil peptide mediated motogenesis required EGF R activation independently of TGF alpha binding . ^^^ Activation of protein kinase C ( PKC ) stimulated migration , an effect more potent than , and independent of , EGF R activation . ^^^ However , neither inhibition of PKC by Ro 31 8220 nor depletion of PKC by pretreatement with phorbol myristate acetate attenuated EGF R mediated motogenesis . ^^^ In conclusion , EGF R activation via TGF alpha binding , or intracellularly , mediates basal LIM 1215 migration and the effects of several motogens , with the exception of PKC activators . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
In this study we have used tyrosine kinase inhibitors of the tyrphostin class to specifically block autophosphorylation of the platelet derived growth factor receptor ( PDGF R ) or epidermal growth factor receptor ( EGF R ) . ^^^ AG 1478 was demonstrated as a selective blocker of EGF R autophosphorylation and inhibited EGF stimulated DNA synthesis in vitro . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Archival gastric body samples from non ulcer dyspepsia biopsies and gastrectomies performed for peptic ulcer disease were stained with antibodies to the trefoil peptides TFF1 / pS2 and TFF2 / SP , pancreatic secretory trypsin inhibitor ( PSTI ) , epidermal growth factor ( EGF ) and its receptor ( EGFR ) , and to the MUC 1 gene product HMFG 2 . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
In the present study , we have shown that treatment of MDA 468 and A 431 cells that express high levels of EGFR with 100 ng / ml of EGF leads to 14 . 9 fold increase in epidermal growth factor receptor ( EGFR ) autophosphorylation and high levels of p21 / WAF1 induction ( 6 . 7 fold ) , down regulation of cdk 2 activity and growth arrest . ^^^ In contrast , when MDA 468 , A 432 cells that are treated with low levels of EGF ( 10 ng / ml ) or other cells which express low to moderate levels of EGFRs such as MCF 7 , MCF 10A , MDA 231 and SKBR 3 breast cells were exposed to 100 ng / ml of EGF there was a 3 . 8 fold increase in EGFR autophosphorylation , leading to 1 . 6 fold induction of p21 / WAF1 and increased cell proliferation . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
We report here that IP 10 inhibited EGF and heparin binding EGF like growth factor induced Hs 68 human dermal fibroblast motility in a dose dependent manner ( to 52 % and 44 % , respectively , at 50 ng / ml IP 10 ) , whereas IP 10 had no effect on either basal or EGFR mediated mitogenesis ( 96 + / 15 % at 50 ng / ml ) . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
EGF caused an approximate 20 fold increase of the 170 kD phosphotyrosine band in control hepatocytes , which was inhibited by the EGFR specific tyrosine kinase inhibitor 4 , 5 dianilinopthalamide . ^^^ Following PB treatment , the degree of basal receptor phosphorylation ( in the absence of EGF ) was significantly greater and therefore the fold rise in EGFR phosphorylation in isolated hepatocytes was lower than in controls . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
The receptor for the epidermal growth factor ( EGF ) and related ligands ( EGFR ) , the prototypal member of the superfamily of receptors with intrinsic tyrosine kinase activity , is widely expressed on many cell types , including epithelial and mesenchymal lineages . ^^^ Upon activation by at least five genetically distinct ligands ( including EGF , transforming growth factor alpha ( TGF alpha ) and heparin binding EGF ( HB EGF ) ) , the intrinsic kinase is activated and EGFR tyrosyl phosphorylates itself and numerous intermediary effector molecules , including closely related c erbB receptor family members . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
NA
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
NA
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
NA
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
NA
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
NA
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
NA
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
NA
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
By using both genetic and biochemical approaches , we have investigated the physiological role of Shp 2 , a cytoplasmic tyrosine phosphatase with two Src homology 2 domains , in signaling pathways downstream of epidermal growth factor receptor ( EGF R ) . ^^^ Most chimeras had open eyelids at birth and abnormal skin development , a phenotype characteristic of mice with mutations in EGF R signaling components . ^^^ In genetic crosses , a heterozygous Shp 2 mutation dominantly enhanced the phenotype of a weak mutant allele of EGF R ( wa 2 ) , resulting in distinctive growth retardation , developmental defects in the skin , lung , and intestine , and perinatal mortality that are reminiscent of EGF R knockout mice . ^^^ Biochemical analysis revealed that signal propagation proximal to the EGF R upon EGF stimulation was significantly attenuated in wa 2 fibroblast cells , which was exacerbated by the additional Shp 2 mutation . ^^^ Thus , we provide biological evidence here that protein tyrosine phosphatase Shp 2 acts to enhance information flow from the EGF R in mouse growth and development . . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
This study examines the effects of mutations at and in the vicinity of tyrosine 992 of the epidermal growth factor receptor ( EGFr ) on epidermal growth factor ( EGF ) stimulated internalization of the receptor . ^^^ This reduction in internalization rate increases the lifetime of the activated EGFr in the plasma membrane by about 70 % , thus suggesting that phosphorylation of Tyr 992 acts to increase the signaling capacity of the EGF receptor even as it directly acts as an SH 2 binding site . . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
The epithelial response to these stimuli in asthma appears to be impaired despite upregulation of CD 44 capable of enhancing presentation of EGF ligands to epidermal growth factor receptors ( EGFR ) . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
In order to further evaluate the importance , for tumorigenicity , of TGFalpha and its stimulation of ErbB family signalling , the production of other EGF family growth factors by these human lung epithelial cells was studied . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
In stratified squamous epithelial cells , these receptors include epidermal growth factor receptor ( EGFR ) that binds both EGF and transforming growth factor alpha ( TGFalpha ) , and c met whose ligand is hepatocyte growth factor / scatter factor ( HGF / SF ) . ^^^ However , EGFR kinase activity was required for proliferation and EGF induced invasion by these cells . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
We found that HMEC that displayed a luminal phenotype were largely unresponsive to EGF and maintained a majority of their EGFR at the cell surface . ^^^ In contrast , HMEC with a basal phenotype were highly responsive to EGF and , at steady state in the absence of exogenous ligand , distributed empty EGFR into intracellular pools . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
The initial phase of screening and early detection is hoped to be better assessed by using molecular markers detecting gene mutations ( p 53 , K ras ) , growth factors ( EGF , TGF alpha , TGF beta , HB EGF , a / bFGFs , KGF ) and growth factor receptor alterations ( EGFr , c erbB2 / 3 / 4 ) . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
NA
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
In contrast , expression of mRNAs for epidermal growth factor ( EGF ) , epidermal growth factor receptor ( EGFR ) , fibroblast growth factor ( FGF ) 2 , and FGF receptor 1 was similar in LECs from the two types of cataracts . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Whereas nontumorigenic lung cells expressed mRNA and protein for PDGF receptor ( PDGFR ) alpha , PDGFR beta , and EGF receptor ( EGFR ) , five of six neoplastic lines did not . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
We propose that a growth stimulatory response of breast epithelial cells in vitro to E 2 is dependent on an inactive or down regulated EGF receptor signaling pathway and it is possible that the effect of estrogen on normal breast epithelium in vivo also is modulated by the EGFR . . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Heparin binding epidermal growth factor like growth factor ( HB EGF ) transduces mitogenic signals through the EGF receptor ( EGFR ) . ^^^ We studied the biological activity of pro HB EGF by using a model in which pro HB EGF expressing effector cells was co cultured with EGFR expressing target cells . ^^^ The DER cell , an EGFR expressing derivative of the interleukin 3 dependent hematopoietic 32D cell line , grows well in the presence of EGF or sHB EGF without IL 3 . ^^^ This rules out the possibility of simple competition between soluble EGFR ligands and pro HB EGF . ^^^ Moreover , 32D cells expressing EGFR mutant composed of the extracellular and the transmembrane domain of EGFR and the cytoplasmic domain of erythropoietin receptor did not undergo apoptosis by co culture with Vero H cells , indicating that the inhibitory signal induced by pro HB EGF expressing Vero H cells is mediated to DER cells via EGFR and that the cytoplasmic domain of EGFR is essential for pro HB EGF induced apoptosis . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
We have demonstrated that interferon alpha 2 recombinant ( IFNalpha ) at growth inhibitory concentrations enhances the expression and signalling activity of the epidermal growth factor receptor ( EGF R ) in human epidermoid carcinoma KB cells . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
The oncogene product epidermal growth factor receptor ( EGF R ) , the tumour suppressor gene product p 53 and anti p 53 antibodies are detectable in the serum of certain cancer patients . ^^^ In the first step , this study investigated the possible diagnostic value of serum EGF R , p 53 protein and anti p 53 antibodies , measured by an enzyme linked immunosorbent assay , in lung tumour patients . ^^^ No significantly elevated or decreased serum values for p 53 protein , EGF R , or anti p 53 antibodies as a function of histological tumour type , age , or degree and type of exposure ( asbestos , smoking , ionizing radiation ) could be found . ^^^ The utility of p 53 protein , EGF R and anti p 53 antibodies as routine biomarkers for screening occupationally derived lung cancers is limited . . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Epidermal growth factor ( EGF ) is a multifunctional regulator of mammary epithelial cells ( MEC ) that transduces its signals through the EGF receptor ( EGFR ) . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
NA
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
NA
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
The EGF receptor ( EGFR ) family of tyrosine kinases and the beta 1 integrin adhesion receptors are of particular interest , given the implication for their involvement in the initiation and progression of tumorigenesis . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
In both types of colon cancer cells investigated , 10 ( 8 ) M 1alpha , 25 ( OH ) 2D3 reduced basal cell proliferation by about 50 % , and prevented any rise in proliferation when colon cancer cells were treated with 25 ng / ml EGF : this can be explained by a marked inhibitory effect of 1alpha , 25 ( OH ) 2D3 on EGFR mRNA and protein expression . ^^^ The steroid hormone also seemingly promotes EGF induced internalization of apical and basolateral membrane EGFR . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
The Epidermal Growth Factor receptor ( EGFr ) was one of the first oncogenes identified , and it , or its ligands Epidermal Growth Factor ( EGF ) and Transforming Growth Factor a ( TGFa ) are overexpressed in most clinical tumours . ^^^ As EGF and TGFa are potent mitogens , it appeared that inhibition of EGFr signaling would be a viable anti proliferative strategy . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
The extracellular domain of the epidermal growth factor ( EGF ) receptor ( EGFR ) comprises four subdomains ( 1 4 ) and mediates binding of several different polypeptide ligands , including EGF , transforming growth factor alpha , and heparin binding EGF . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
The stage 10 follicle cell expression of E 75 in wild type , K 10 and EGF receptor ( Egfr ) mutant egg chambers reveals regulation of E 75 by both the Egfr and ecdysone signaling pathways . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Recent advances have suggested that these EGF receptor ( EGFR ) ligands play roles not only during glandular development but also during neoplastic transformation and tumor progression . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
We have reported that the transformation of human lung epithelial cells by c erbB 2 also requires an active ErbB 1 ( EGF receptor ) and the autocrine production of its ligand , TGF alpha . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
This differential response was attributed to differences in the rate of EGF receptor ( EGFR ) dephosphorylation . ^^^ To further define the molecular basis for these observations , in this report we examine the interaction of phosphorylated EGFR with the SH 2 domain containing protein tyrosine phosphatase , SHP 2 , a positive modulator of EGF dependent cell growth . ^^^ The addition of 13 ( S ) HpODE stimulated a concentration dependent increase in EGF dependent phosphorylation of SHP 2 and its association with EGFR . ^^^ Differences in SHP 2 interaction with EGFR may account , in part , for phenotypic differences in the growth rates and responsiveness to EGF between the supB+ and supB cells . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
NA
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
NA
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
NA
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
NA
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
The epidermal growth factor ( EGF ) family of ligands interacts with the epidermal growth factor receptor ( EGF R ) to produce numerous direct and indirect actions on central nervous system cells . ^^^ Heparin binding epidermal growth factor ( HB EGF ) interacts with both EGF R and a related receptor , ErbB 4 , whereas transforming growth factor alpha ( TGFalpha ) interacts only with EGF R . ^^^ These proliferative effects require the expression of EGF R , as no such effects are observed in cells derived from EGF R / mice . ^^^ Within these neuron enriched cultures , nestin positive cells but not neurons express EGF R mRNA , indicating that the neurotrophic actions of EGF R ligands are a result of indirect stimulation mediated by non neuronal cells . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
The experimental data show transient tyrosine phosphorylation of the EGF receptor ( EGFR ) and transient or sustained response patterns in multiple signaling proteins targeted by EGFR . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
We examined the mechanisms of interaction of crocidolite asbestos fibers with the epidermal growth factor ( EGF ) receptor ( EGFR ) and the role of the EGFR extracellular signal regulated kinase ( ERK ) signaling pathway in early response protooncogene ( c fos / c jun ) expression and apoptosis induced by asbestos in rat pleural mesothelial ( RPM ) cells . ^^^ Asbestos fibers , but not the nonfibrous analog riebeckite , abolished binding of EGF to the EGFR . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Our aim was to compare gastric mucosal levels of EGF and its receptor ( EGFR ) among controls , H . pylori infected subjects , and subjects following H . pylori eradication using quantitative flow cytometric analysis . ^^^ Mean EGF and EGFR values were 2 . 69 and 2 . 46 for controls and 4 . 67 and 4 . 64 for subjects . ^^^ Subjects ' mean EGF was 73 % higher ( p = . 035 ) and EGFR was 88 % higher ( p = 0 . 029 ) than controls . ^^^ After treatment , the subjects ' mean values declined 55 % ( p = 0 . 0001 ) for EGF and 40 % ( p = 0 . 002 ) for EGFR . ^^^ Three subjects had persistent infection and showed no change in their EGF / EGFR levels . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
The ErbB 2 tyrosine kinase functions as coreceptor for the neuregulin receptors ErbB 3 and ErbB 4 and can participate in signaling of EGF receptor ( ErbB 1 ) , interleukin receptor gp 130 , and G protein coupled receptors . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
In quiescent fibroblasts , epidermal growth factor ( EGF ) receptors ( EGFR ) are initially concentrated in caveolae but rapidly move out of this membrane domain in response to EGF . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
NA
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Submandibular gland morphogenesis : stage specific expression of TGF alpha / EGF , IGF , TGF beta , TNF , and IL 6 signal transduction in normal embryonic mice and the phenotypic effects of TGF beta 2 , TGF beta 3 , and EGF r null mutations . ^^^ We report here the protein expression in embryonic SMGs of four signal transduction pathways : TGF alpha / EGF / EGF R ; IGF II / IGF IR / IGF IIR ; TGF betas and cognate receptors ; TNF , IL 6 , and cognate receptors . ^^^ Functional necessity regarding several of these pathways was assessed in mice with relevant null mutations ( TGF beta 2 , TGF beta ( 3 ) , EGF R ) . ^^^ Among many observations , the following seem of particular importance : ( 1 ) TGF alpha and EGF R , but not EGF , are found in the Initial and Pseudoglandular Stages of SMG development ; ( 2 ) ductal and presumptive acini lumena formation was associated with apoptosis and TNF / TNF R 1 signalling ; ( 3 ) TGF beta 2 and TGF beta 3 null mice have normal SMG phenotypes , suggesting the presence of other pathways of mitostasis ; ( 4 ) EGF R null mice displayed an abnormal SMG phenotype consisting of decreased branching . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Mutational analysis further revealed that the EGFR mutant ( T654 / 669E ) was incapable of activating JNK and provided evidence that PKD mediated dual phosphorylation of these critical threonine residues leads to suppression of EGF induced JNK activation . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
We extended these studies to cells overexpressing a receptor class tyrosine kinase , the epidermal growth factor ( EGF ) receptor ( EGFR cells ) ; like c Src , the EGF receptor is overexpressed in several human tumors . ^^^ In contrast with expectations , downregulation of PKC isoforms with TPA did not transform the EGFR cells ; however , treatment with EGF did transform these cells . ^^^ Consistent with a tumor suppressing function for PKC delta , the PKC delta specific inhibitor rottlerin and a dominant negative PKC delta mutant transformed the EGFR cells in the absence of EGF . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Phosphorylation of tyrosine residues on the epidermal growth factor ( EGF ) receptor ( EGFr ) is an important early event in signal transduction , leading to cell replication for major human carcinomas . ^^^ CP 358 , 774 is a potent and selective inhibitor of the EGFr tyrosine kinase and produces selective inhibition of EGF mediated tumor cell mitogenesis . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
We analyzed the formation of homo and heterodimers between EGFR , ErbB 2 , and ErbB 3 ( members of the EGF receptor family ) in the human skin keratinocyte cell line HaCaT , in dependence of the added ligand . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
EGFR autophosphorylation induced by radiation at doses of 0 . 5 5 Gy or EGF concentrations of 1 10 ng / ml is inhibited by > 75 % at 100 nM AG 1478 . ^^^ The increased erbB 3 Tyr phosphorylation is to a significant extent due to transactivation by EGFR as > 70 % of radiation and EGF induced erbB 3 Tyr phosphorylation is inhibited by AG 1478 . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
NA
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Basal and EGF induced JNK and p 38 MAPK kinase activities were equivalent in parental cancer cells and EGFR inhibited subclones . ^^^ Consistent with the notion that transforming erbB complexes induce sustained and unregulated MAPK activities , coexpression of p 185 ( neu ) and EGFR proteins to levels sufficient to transform murine fibroblasts also resulted in prolonged EGF induced ERK in vitro kinase activation . ^^^ Kinase deficient erbB proteins reduced epidermal growth factor ( EGF ) induced tyrosine phosphorylation of endogenous Shc proteins and also reduced immediate and sustained EGF induced ERK MAPK activities in human glioblastoma cells , although basal ERK MAPK activities were unaffected . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
As epidermal growth factor ( EGF ) has been shown to mediate estrogen action and play a crucial role in regulating leiomyoma growth , we also investigated the effects of sex steroids on EGF and EGF receptor ( EGF R ) expression in leiomyoma cells . ^^^ By contrast , E ( 2 ) treatment augmented EGF R expression in cultured leiomyoma cells , but P ( 4 ) did not . ^^^ These results indicate that P ( 4 ) upregulates the expression of PCNA and EGF in leiomyoma cells , whereas E ( 2 ) upregulates the expression of PCNA and EGF R in those cells . ^^^ It is , therefore , conceivable that P ( 4 ) and E ( 2 ) act in combination to stimulate the proliferative potential of leiomyoma cells through the induction of EGF and EGF R expression . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Our previous study demonstrated increases in epidermal growth factor receptor ( EGF R ) phosphorylation and receptor tyrosine kinase and extracellular signal regulated kinase ( ERK 1 and ERK 2 ) activities in the ulcer margin of experimental gastric ulcer during healing . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Epidermal growth factor receptor ( EGFR ) levels predict a poor outcome in human breast cancer and are most commonly associated with proliferative effects of epidermal growth factor ( EGF ) , with little emphasis placed on motogenic responses to EGF . ^^^ Epidermal growth factor receptor ( EGFR ) levels predict a poor outcome in human breast cancer and are most commonly associated with proliferative effects of epidermal growth factor ( EGF ) , with little emphasis placed on motogenic responses to EGF . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
The epidermal growth factor ( EGF ) ( 10 nM ) promoted growth of A 431 cells ( +25+ / 4 . 6 % ) and mediated epidermal growth factor receptor ( EGFR ) tyrosine kinase activity and autophosphorylation of EGFR were inhibited by Lu and Qu . ^^^ The addition of EGF only marginally diminished the inhibitory effect of luteolin and quercetin on the growth rate of A 431 cells , treatment of cellular proteins with EGF and luteolin or quercetin greatly reduced protein phosphorylation , indicating Lu and Qu may act effectively to inhibit a wide range of protein kinases , including EGFR tyrosine kinase . 6 . ^^^ This study demonstrates that the inhibitory effects of Lu and Qu , and the stimulatory effects of EGF , on tumour cell proliferation , cellular protein phosphorylation , and MMP secretion may be mediated at least partly through EGFR . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
NA
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect and mechanism of action of NEFAs on the epithelial growth factor ( EGF ) receptor ( EGFR ) . ^^^ EGFR is activated by OA independent of any autocrine secretion of EGF or other related mediators . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
The muscarinic agonist of chloride secretion , carbachol ( CCh ) , also stimulates an antisecretory pathway that involves transactivation of the EGF receptor ( EGFR ) but does not involve PI 3 K . ^^^ Here , we have examined if ErbB receptors , other than the EGFR , have a role in regulation of colonic secretion and if differential effects on ErbB receptor activation may explain the ability of the EGFR to propagate diverse signaling pathways in response to EGF versus CCh . ^^^ Further studies revealed that , while both EGF ( 100 ng / ml ) and CCh ( 100 microM ) stimulated phosphorylation of the EGFR , only EGF stimulated phosphorylation of ErbB 2 , and neither stimulated ErbB 3 phosphorylation . ^^^ EGF , but not CCh , stimulated the formation of EGFR / ErbB2 receptor dimers and the recruitment of p 85 to ErbB 2 . ^^^ Differential dimerization with other ErbB family members may underlie the ability of the EGFR to propagate diverse inhibitory signals in response to activation by EGF or transactivation by CCh . . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
The effect of injected EGF on subsequent endosomal EGF receptor ( EGFR ) proteolysis was further evaluated by immunoblotting . ^^^ Using endosomal fractions prepared from EGF injected rats and incubated in vitro , the EGFR was lost with a time course superimposable with the loss of phosphotyrosine content . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
To assess the fate of the internalized EGFR protein over the time course of the endo lysosomal transfer of the ligand , the effect of a saturating dose of native EGF on subsequent lysosomal targeting of the EGFR was evaluated by immunoblotting . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Rhomboid ( Rho ) , a cell surface , seven transmembrane domain protein , participates in Spitz dependent activation of the Drosophila EGF receptor ( EGFR ) . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Using a specific epidermal growth factor receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitor ( 4 ( 3 chloro 4 fluorophenylamino ) 7 methoxy 6 ( 3 1 pyrolidino ) propoxyquinazoline , EGFR TKI ) , we show that signalling through EGF R is not required for nafenopin induced DNA synthesis . ^^^ The EGFR TKI also prevented progression into S phase upon stimulation with TNF ( alpha ) , but DNA synthesis was not reduced to control levels , indicating that TNF ( alpha ) has a mitogenic activity in the absence of EGF signalling . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
MAPK activation by PTH , EGF , and 8 Br cAMP was inhibited by the MAPK kinase inhibitor PD 98059 and an EGF receptor ( EGFR ) selective inhibitor tyrphostin AG 1478 . ^^^ EGF and PTH caused time and AG 1478 sensitive phosphorylation of the EGFR , but EGFR desensitization did not affect MAPK activation by PTH . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
NA
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
NA
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
NA
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
In this study , we compared expression levels of messenger RNAs ( mRNAs ) encoding the epidermal growth factor ( EGF ) receptor related receptor tyrosine kinases ( ErbB 1 through 4 ) , the six EGF receptor ligands , EGF , transforming growth factor ( TGF ) alpha , amphiregulin ( ARG ) , HB EGF , betacellulin , and epiregulin , and the related molecule heregulin alpha , in a series of 10 prostate tissue specimens . ^^^ ARG was immunolocalized largely to interstitial smooth muscle cells ( SMC ) , previously identified as the site of synthesis of HB EGF in the prostate , while the cognate ARG and HB EGF receptor , ErbB 1 , was localized exclusively to ductal epithelial cells and carcinoma cells . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
METHODS : Evaluation of host and tumour related parameters including ( a ) gestational age , patient age , parity , molar phenotype , grade of proliferation of the tumour and cytological atypia , ( b ) expression of beta HCG , EGF , EGFR , TGF alpha , TGF beta , IL 1 alpha , IL 1 beta by immunohistochemistry , ( c ) serial monitoring of serum beta HCG levels by ELISA , and ( d ) lectin binding using jack fruit lectin histochemistry as indices for persisting trophoblastic disease ( PTD ) . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
During the screening , we found that EPS 8 , which is a substrate for activated EGF receptor ( EGFR ) , specifically interacted with Dvl 1 . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
We investigated the effects of 8 Cl cAMP on the epidermal growth factor ( EGF ) / EGF receptor ( EGF R ) signalling in human epidermoid cancer KB cells , which are responsive to the mitogenic stimulus of EGF . ^^^ Conversely , we found an increase of EGF R expression and EGF R tyrosine phosphorylation when KB cells were growth inhibited by 8 Cl cAMP . ^^^ We concluded that the impairment of KB cell response to EGF , induced by 8 Cl cAMP , resides in the specific inhibition of MAPK / ERKs activity while the function of the upstream elements in the EGF R signalling is preserved . . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
We found that total cellular EGFR protein and mRNA transcript levels were relatively unchanged during Caco 2 cell differentiation , but the expression of surface EGFR and patterns of steady state epidermal growth factor ( EGF ) family ligand expression changed significantly . ^^^ EGFR affinity , surface EGFR expression levels , and the repertoire of expressed EGF family ligands , were different between Caco 2 cells cultured on plastic and filters . ^^^ Thus , the substrate on which the cells were grown and the degree of cell differentiation strongly modulate EGFR affinity , EGFR surface expression , the steady state expression of EGF family ligands , as well as , EGFR mediated cellular responses . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Its mRNA is strongly down regulated by epidermal growth factor receptor ( EGFR ) ligands , namely EGF and TGF alpha . ^^^ Blocking the ligand activated EGFR signal transduction pathway by the specific EGF receptor inhibitor , tyrphostin AG 1478 , and the MEK inhibitor , PD 098059 , restores the normal level of Lot 1 gene expression . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
NA
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
NA
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
This cell line was shown to have a higher expression of EGF receptors ( EGFR ) and amphiregulin ( AR ) when compared to their normal counterparts or less aggressive transformed cells . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
In this study the impact of epidermal growth factor ( EGF ) on chemosensitivity and susceptibility to lymphokine activated killer ( LAK ) cytolysis on six cell lines ( one super expressing EGFr i . e . ^^^ Treatment of EGFr positive cell lines , Hep 2 , KB and MCF 7 but not EGFr negative Fen by EGF prior to exposure to cisplatin inhibited the cells by between 10 15 % ( p < 0 . 05 ) . ^^^ These data indicated that pre exposure of tumour cells to EGF altered their response to cisplatin and LAK killing and this depended on the degree of EGFr expression . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Using immunohistochemistry , the results demonstrated that the tissue recombinants typically exhibited an overexpression of EGF , EGF R , bFGF , TGF beta ( 1 ) together with a concurrent downregulation of TGF alpha , IGF 1 , IGF 2 , and VEGF receptors ( flk 1 , flt 1 ) . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
We describe here a model for fibroblast shape changes involved in epidermal growth factor ( EGF ) stimulation of motility , focusing on signals through EGF receptor ( EGFR ) mediated pathways influencing cytoskeletal organization and cell / substratum adhesion . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Phospholipase D and RalA cooperate with the epidermal growth factor receptor to transform 3Y1 rat fibroblasts . 3Y1 rat fibroblasts overexpressing the epidermal growth factor ( EGF ) receptor ( EGFR cells ) become transformed when treated with EGF . ^^^ In the EGFR cells , EGF induced a Ras dependent activation of RalA . ^^^ The transformed phenotype induced by EGF in the EGFR cells was dependent upon both Ras and RalA . ^^^ Importantly , overexpression of wild type RalA or an activated RalA mutant increased PLD activity in the absence of EGF and transformed the EGFR cells . ^^^ Although overexpression of PLD 1 is generally toxic to cells , the EGFR cells not only tolerated PLD 1 overexpression but also became transformed in the absence of EGF . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Identification of the EGF / EGF R system in the oviduct and endometrium of pigs in early stages of pregnancy and early conceptus . ^^^ EGF R protein concentration was higher ( P < 0 . 05 ) in oviductal membranes on day 1 of the pregnancy ( 42 . 6 + / 16 . 5 fmol mg ( 1 ) protein ) compared to day 6 and 12 ( 21 . 6 + / 6 . 0 fmol mg ( 1 ) protein and 17 . 1 + / 3 . 8 fmol mg ( 1 ) protein ) . ^^^ In the endometrium EGF R protein concentrations increased ( P < 0 . 05 ) on day 1 ( 14 . 7 + / 4 . 8 fmol mg ( 1 ) protein ) to day 6 ( 29 . 0 + / 6 . 8 fmol mg ( 1 ) protein ) and day 12 ( 27 . 5 + / 7 . 0 fmol mg ( 1 ) protein ) of pregnancy . ^^^ The mature EGF R protein ( 170 kDa ) was verified in oviductal and endometrial membranes of all pregnant pigs investigated . ^^^ A biologically intact EGF R could be detected in all samples by means of autophosphorylation assay . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
NA
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
NA
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
NA
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Effects of epidermal growth factor ( EGF ) on the development of EGF receptor ( EGF R ) binding in fetal rabbit lung organ culture . ^^^ We hypothesized that the effects of EGF on development of surfactant synthesis are related to effects on EGF receptor ( EGF R ) expression . ^^^ After 3 , 5 , and 7 days of culture , we measured specific EGF R binding in fetal lung plasma membrane preparations . ^^^ We conclude that EGF affects the expression of the EGF R on EGF specific binding in the fetal lung . ^^^ The development of surfactant synthesis in the fetal lung may be controlled by upregulation of the EGF R . . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Messenger RNA ( mRNA ) was isolated from the nucleus pulposus using oligo ( dT ) 25 superparamagnetic beads and probing with gene specific primers in RT PCR . mRNA coding for TGF alpha ( 3 / 10 ) , EGF ( 0 / 10 ) , TGF beta 1 ( 0 / 10 ) and TGF beta 3 ( 2 / 10 ) or the EGF receptor ( EGF R ; 0 / 10 ) and TGF beta type 2 receptor ( 0 / 10 ) was found only occasionally . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
To identify several components of the EGFR signaling pathway in a single step , we have immunoprecipitated molecules that are tyrosine phosphorylated in response to EGF and analyzed them by one dimensional gel electrophoresis followed by mass spectrometry . ^^^ We demonstrate that Vav 2 is phosphorylated on tyrosine residues in response to EGF and associates with the EGFR in vivo . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
This study examines immunohistochemically the presence of EGF , TGFalpha , HB EGF , AR , and EGFR , members of the EGF family in the monkey uterus during the menstrual cycle and early pregnancy . ^^^ EGF , TGFalpha , HB EGF , AR , and EGFR were mainly localized in glandular and luminal epithelium . ^^^ The level of EGF , TGFalpha , HB EGF , AR , and EGFR staining was low on days 1 and 6 , and began to increase on day 9 of the menstrual cycle . ^^^ A high level of EGF , and EGFR staining was maintained on days 16 , 20 , and 25 of the menstrual cycle . ^^^ In early pregnancy , a low level of EGF , TGFalpha , HB EGF , AR , and EGFR staining appeared on days 1 and 2 of pregnancy , and then gradually increased from day 3 of pregnancy . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Here we show that EGFR transactivation upon GPCR stimulation involves proHB EGF and a metalloproteinase activity that is rapidly induced upon GPCR ligand interaction . ^^^ We show that inhibition of proHB EGF processing blocks GPCR induced EGFR transactivation and downstream signals . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
On treatment with epidermal growth factor ( EGF ) , NIH3T3 cells expressed EGFR / Tyro3 ( a fusion receptor with the extracellular domain from epidermal growth factor receptor and the transmembrane and cytoplasmic domains from Tyro 3 ) , and EGFR / Tyro3 was rapidly phosphorylated on tyrosine residues . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
NA
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
NA
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
NA
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Our finding , that transforming growth factor alpha , but not transforming growth factor beta or interleukin 1 beta mimics these EGF effects , indicates that progestin enhanced TF expression in cultured HESCs requires activation of the EGF receptor ( EGFR ) . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Neutrophil supernatant induced EGFR tyrosine phosphorylation , activation of p44 / 42mapk , and MUC5AC synthesis were inhibited by antioxidants ( N acetyl cysteine , DMSO , dimethyl thiourea , or superoxide dismutase ) ; neutralizing Abs to EGFR ligands ( EGF and TGF alpha ) were without effect , and no TGF alpha protein was found in the neutrophil supernatant . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
NR 6 fibroblasts expressing full length wild type epidermal growth factor receptor required both calpain and ERK activation , as demonstrated by pharmacological inhibitors ( calpeptin and calpain inhibitor 1 and PD 98059 , respectively ) for EGF induced deadhesion and motility . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
The epidermal growth factor ( EGF ) family of tyrosine kinase receptors ( ErbB 1 , 2 , 3 , and 4 ) and their ligands are involved in cell differentiation , proliferation , migration , and carcinogenesis . ^^^ Cells stimulated with EGF related peptides show increased invasion of the extracellular matrix , whereas cells devoid of functional ErbB 2 receptors do not . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
To determine the role of Gab 1 in signaling via the epidermal growth factor ( EGF ) receptor ( EGFR ) we tested the ability of Gab 1 to associate with and modulate signaling by this receptor . ^^^ We show that Gab 1 associates with the EGFR in vivo and in vitro via pTyr sites 1068 and 1086 in the carboxy terminal tail of the receptor and that overexpression of Gab 1 potentiates EGF induced activation of the mitogen activated protein kinase and Jun kinase signaling pathways . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
This mutant has a defect in EGF receptor ( EGFR ) expression . ^^^ When R 14 mutant expressed a high level of EGFR , however , EGF not only induced proliferation in this mutant but also induced transformation without the aid of TGF beta . ^^^ These findings suggest that the major role of TGF beta in this transformation system should be to counteract the ligand dependent down regulation of EGFR , thereby sustaining high level EGF signaling . . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
After binding of epidermal growth factor ( EGF ) , the EGF receptor ( EGFR ) becomes autophosphorylated via tyrosine . ^^^ To follow EGFR activation after EGF stimulation , we generated antisera to the EGFR phosphotyrosine sites pY 992 and pY 1173 . ^^^ Both antisera identified EGFR after EGF binding and did not crossreact with the unactivated receptor . ^^^ Before EGF stimulation EGFR was primarily located along the cell surface . ^^^ When internalization of activated EGFR was inhibited by incubation with EGF on ice , Y 992 and Y 1173 phosphorylated EGFR were located along the plasma membrane . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
NA
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
NA
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
NA
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
This upregulation correlated with increased synthesis of EGF and consequently with increased phosphorylation of the EGF receptor ( EGF R ) . ^^^ Thus , ANX 1 expression and phosphorylation could be a factor implicated in liver regeneration and tumorigenesis , either through modulation of cPLA ( 2 ) activity or EGF R function . . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
The epidermal growth factor receptor family consists of four related tyrosine kinases : the epidermal growth factor receptor ( EGF R or ErbB ) , ErbB 2 , ErbB 3 , and ErbB 4 . ^^^ These receptors are capable of extensive cross activation upon the binding of their ligands the EGF family of peptides for EGF R and the neuregulins for ErbB 3 and ErbB 4 . ^^^ Since EGF R is expressed by proliferating cells in the central nervous system ( CNS ) , including multipotent CNS stem cells , we examined the expression of ErbB 2 , ErbB 3 and ErbB 4 in the germinal epithelia of the developing rat brain using in situ hybridization . ^^^ Expression of the EGF receptor family members ErbB 2 , ErbB 3 , and ErbB 4 in germinal zones of the developing brain and in neurosphere cultures containing CNS stem cells . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Both transmembrane TGF alpha and the proteolytically released soluble TGF alpha can bind to the EGF / TGF alpha tyrosine kinase receptor ( EGFR ) and activate the EGFR induced signaling pathways . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
PURPOSE : The involvement of the EGF receptor ( EGFr ) family of receptors in cancers suggests that a selective inhibitor of the tyrosine kinase activity of the EGFr family could have a therapeutic effect . ^^^ PD 0169414 , an anilinoquinazoline , is a potent irreversible inhibitor of the EGFr family tyrosine kinase activity with IC ( 50 ) values of 0 . 42 nM against the isolated EGF receptor , and 4 . 7 nM and 22 nM against EGF and heregulin mediated receptor phosphorylation in A 431 and MDA MB 453 cells , respectively . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Tongues were removed and histologically examined for the presence and morphology of taste buds on fungiform and circumvallate papillae , or immunostained for the presence of EGF , TGFalpha ( transforming growth factor alpha ) and EGFR ( EGF receptor ) . ^^^ EGF , TGFalpha and EGFR were localized to distinct layers of the dorsal epithelium and to within both fungiform and circumvallate taste buds . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
However , the sos 1 ( / ) cells were resistant to transformation by 5 Src or by overexpressed EGFR and continuous EGF treatment , unlike sos 1 ( + / ) or wild type cells . ^^^ This correlated with Sos 2 binding less efficiently than Sos 1 to EGFR and Shc in cells treated with EGF for > or =90 min or to 5 Src and Shc in 5 Src expressing cells , and with less ERK activity . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
After time in culture , the E12 . 5 cells expressed EGFR by Western analysis both in the presence and in the absence of PD 158780 , but activation of EGFR kinase ( receptor autophosphorylation ) was undetectable in the presence of PD 158780 and the cells did not proliferate in response to EGF . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
NA
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Both the epidermal growth factor ( EGF ) and its receptor ( EGFR ) accumulate in the nucleoplasm during liver regeneration . ^^^ After an overnight incubation with EGF the TM ( ) EGFR accumulated in the nucleus . ^^^ In mouse NR 6 cells , which lack endogenous EGFR , transfected TM ( ) EGFR were found in the cytoplasm , but incubation with EGF did not result in a nuclear accumulation of TM ( ) EGFR . ^^^ However , NR 6 cells transfected with both TM ( ) EGFR and wt EGFR showed nuclear accumulation after EGF treatment . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
TGF alpha and other members of the epidermal growth factor ( EGF ) family act through the epidermal growth factor receptor ( EGFR ) to stimulate cell proliferation and tissue morphogenesis . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
The purpose of this study was ( 1 ) to compare the expression of epithelial growth factor receptor ( EGFR ) in the lung tissues of human fetuses with or without pulmonary hypoplasia , and ( 2 ) to investigate the effects of EGF on lung growth in experimental pulmonary hypoplasia in rabbits . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
In sheep , cows and pigs , numerous growth factor , growth factor receptor and gonadotrophin receptor mRNAs and peptides ( for example c kit , stem cell factor , GDF 9 , beta B and beta A activin / inhibin subunit , alpha inhibin subunit , follistatin , FGF 2 , EGF , EGF R , TGF beta 1 , 2 and 3 FSH R and LH R ) are expressed in a phase of growth ( for example types 1 5 ) specific and cell specific manner . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Although it has been assumed that the major ligand for the EGFR during adaptation is EGF , the role for transforming growth factor alpha ( TGF alpha ) , another major ligand for the EGFR is unknown . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
A series of monoclonal antibodies ( MAbs ) 3 directed against the EGF ( ErbB 1 ) receptor and the closely related HER2 / Neu ( ErbB 2 ) receptor are currently under evaluation . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Incubation of the cell lines with EGF like ligands up regulated MMP 9 ( but not MMP 2 ) expression as measured by semiquantitative reverse transcription PCR in a dose dependent manner , with the effects being most marked in cells with high EGFR levels and undetectable in cells with low levels . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
The early events in signal transduction from the epidermal growth factor ( EGF ) receptor ( EGFR ) are dimerization and autophosphorylation of the receptor , induced by binding of EGF . ^^^ Single molecule tracking reveals that the predominant mechanism of dimerization involves the formation of a cell surface complex of one EGF molecule and an EGFR dimer , followed by the direct arrest of a second EGF molecule , indicating that the EGFR dimers were probably preformed before the binding of the second EGF molecule . ^^^ Single molecule fluorescence resonance energy transfer shows that EGF EGFR complexes indeed form dimers at the molecular level . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
The EGF domain : requirements for binding to receptors of the ErbB family . ^^^ Currently , more than 10 different growth factors with an EGF like domain have been characterized which all exert their action by binding to the four members of the erbB family of receptors . ^^^ In this review , studies are described on the structure function relationship of these EGF like growth factor molecules in an attempt to analyze the individual amino acids that determine their binding specificity to the individual members of the erbB family . . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
These results indicate that constitutive c Met phosphorylation , and the increase of c Met phosphorylation by TGFalpha or EGF , in tumor cell lines is the result of the activation via EGFR . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Betacellulin ( BTC ) purified from mouse beta cell tumor ( betaTC 3 ) is a new member of the epidermal growth factor ( EGF ) family which can bind receptor tyrosine kinase , EGF receptor ( erbB 1 ) and erbB 4 . ^^^ EGF receptor ( erbB 1 ) and erbB 4 were expressed mainly in islet and duct cells , and duct cells , respectively . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Epidermal growth factor receptor ( EGF R ) localization in the apical membrane of the enterocytes of rat duodenum . ^^^ Some growth factors , such as epidermal growth factor ( EGF ) and transforming growth factor alpha ( TGF alpha ) , bind to epidermal growth factor receptor ( EGF R ) to exert these functions . ^^^ The exact location of EGF R within the duodenal area is controversial and still not completely known . ^^^ Immunohistochemical and Western blot techniques using a monoclonal anti EGF R antibody were performed on the adult rat duodenum . ^^^ The duodenal enterocytes expressed EGF R in the apical membrane and in the supranuclear area along the length of the villuos . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Consistently the predominant interaction after EGF treatment was between EGFR and HER 2 , whereas activation of HER 3 and HER 4 depended on the relative abundance of the four receptors in the cells . ^^^ EGF and HRG mediated cell growth through the EGFR / HER2 heterodimer and HER 4 , respectively , but not through HER 3 when it was the only HRG receptor expressed and phosphorylated in the cells . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Coincident with EGFR transactivation , isoproterenol exposure induces the formation of a multireceptor complex containing both the beta ( 2 ) AR and the `` transactivated ' ' EGFR . beta ( 2 ) AR mediated EGFR phosphorylation and subsequent beta ( 2 ) AR stimulation of extracellular signal regulated kinase ( ERK ) 1 / 2 are sensitive to selective inhibitors of both EGFR and Src kinases , indicating that both kinases are required for EGFR transactivation . beta ( 2 ) AR dependent signaling to ERK1 / 2 , like direct EGF stimulation of ERK1 / 2 activity , is sensitive to inhibitors of clathrin mediated endocytosis , suggesting that signaling downstream of both the EGF activated and the GPCR transactivated EGFRs requires a productive engagement of the complex with the cellular endocytic machinery . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
We have found that IFN alpha increased epidermal growth factor receptor ( EGF R ) expression , but reduced S phase and proliferative marker expression in human epidermoid KB cells and that this effect was antagonised by epidermal growth factor ( EGF ) . ^^^ We also studied the effects of IFN alpha on the cytotoxicity of the recombinant toxin TP 40 which inhibits elongation factor 2 , another step of protein synthesis , through EGF R binding and internalisation ; IFN alpha induced an about 27 fold increase of TP 40 cytotoxicity in KB cells . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Furthermore , depletion of ganglioside by sialidase gene transfection appeared to increase EGF receptor ( EGFR ) autophosphorylation . ^^^ Additionally , EGFR autophosphorylation was increased after EGF stimulation . ^^^ When exogenous GM 3 was added in combination with [ D ] PDMP , the enhanced EGFR autophosphorylation was returned to control levels . [ D ] PDMP also increased EGF induced cell proliferation , consistent with its effect on autophosphorylation . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
We also found that mirr expression in dorsal follicle cells is induced by the EGF receptor ( EGFR ) pathway and that mirr then represses pip expression in all but the ventral follicle cells , connecting EGFR activation in the dorsal follicle cells to repression of pip in the dorsal and lateral follicle cells . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Transactivation of the epidermal growth factor ( EGF ) receptor ( EGFR ) has been proposed to represent an essential link between G protein coupled receptors and the mitogen activated protein kinase ( MAPK ) pathway in various cell types . ^^^ Three lines of evidence suggest the activation of a protein tyrosine phosphatase ( PTP ) by bradykinin : ( 1 ) treatment of A 431 cells with bradykinin decreases both basal and EGF induced EGFR tyrosine phosphorylation , ( 2 ) this effect of bradykinin can be blocked by two different PTP inhibitors , and ( 3 ) bradykinin significantly increased the PTP activity in total A 431 cell lysates when measured in vitro . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Dyn . 208 , 149 161 ) and that the EGF receptor ( EGFR ) is localized principally , if not exclusively , on the epithelial components of the fetal SMG ( E . ^^^ By Western blotting we found that EGF induced the appearance of multiple bands of phosphotyrosine containing proteins , including bands at 170 kDa and 44 kDa / 42 kDa , presumably corresponding to the phosphorylated forms of EGFR and ERK 1 / 2 , respectively . ^^^ Other blots showed the specific appearance of the phosphorylated EGFR and of phospho ERK 1 / 2 in response to EGF . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Overexpression of epidermal growth factor receptor ( EGFR ) and establishment of transforming growth factor alpha ( TGF alpha ) / EGF autocrine system are frequently detected in tumor cells . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
NA
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
NA
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
To define the rate limiting signaling event , we found that the activity of two different EGF receptor ( EGFR ) signaling pathways to cell migration ( phospholipase C gamma ) and / or mitogenesis ( extracellular signal / regulated mitogen activated kinases ) were decreased in near senescent cells despite unchanged levels of effector molecules . ^^^ Since these data suggested that the decrement in EGF was rate limiting , higher levels of EGFR were established in near senescent cells by electroporation of EGFR cDNA . ^^^ These cells presented higher levels of EGFR and recovered their EGF induced migration and proliferation responsiveness . ^^^ Thus , the defect in EGF responsiveness of aged dermal fibroblasts is secondary to reduced EGFR message transcription . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
In the present study , we wanted to determine whether efficient gene delivery using an epidermal growth factor ( EGF ) / DNA polyplex could be accomplished in small cell lung cancer ( SCLC ) cell lines expressing low EGF receptor ( EGFR ) levels . ^^^ The transduction efficiencies with EGF / DNA polyplexes ranged from 41 % + / 3 . 5 % to 73 % + / 4 . 6 % in the EGFR positive SCLC cell lines . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
The enhanced activation of EGFR by the tethered form of TGFalpha was reflected by higher activation of Grb 2 , SHC and Erk downstream mediators of EGF receptor signaling . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
A 431 cells overexpress the EGF receptor ( EGFR ) and possess high Src activity . ^^^ In A 431 cells , Src is activated by the EGFR , and inhibition of the EGF receptor results in c Src inhibition . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Basal growth of MCF 7 cells was unaffected by co administration of the growth factors EGF , TGF alpha , IGF 1 , and IGF 2 , and the new agents did not inhibit EGFR and c erbB 2 autophosphorylation in cell lysates from MDA 468 or SkBr 3 cells , respectively , suggesting that receptor tyrosine kinases are not targets for these compounds . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
We have previously shown that , although overexpression of mutant dynamin inhibits clathrin dependent endocytosis and disrupts high affinity binding of epidermal growth factor ( EGF ) to the EGF receptor ( EGFR ) , it does not inhibit ligand induced translocation of the EGFR into clathrin coated pits . ^^^ We further found that the EGF induced ubiquitination of Eps 15 occurred both in the absence and presence of endocytosis with the same kinetics as polyubiquitination of the EGFR , but that the EGF induced monoubiquitination of Eps 15 was somewhat reduced upon overexpression of mutant dynamin . ^^^ Our data show that EGF induced polyubiquitination of the EGFR occurs at the plasma membrane . . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
This process involves the interaction of gurken ( grk ) , a TGFalpha like protein , with torpedo ( top ) , the Drosophila EGF receptor ( Egfr ) . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
NA
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
NA
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
NA
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
NA
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Since growth factors promote cell proliferation , re epithelization , angiogenesis and ulcer healing , we studied whether TAL and / or OME affect expression of epidermal growth factor ( EGF ) and its receptors ( EGF R ) in both normal and ulcerated gastric mucosae . ^^^ In non ulcerated gastric mucosa of placebo or omeprazole treated group , EGF expression was minimal , while EGF R was localized to few cells in the mucosal proliferative zone . ^^^ In ulcerated gastric mucosa TAL treatment significantly enhanced ( versus PLA and omeprazole ) expression of EGF and EGF R . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
We have found that EGF R expression is associated with the development of the Schwann cell derived tumors characteristic of neurofibromatosis type 1 ( NF 1 ) and in animal models of this disease . ^^^ This is surprising , because Schwann cells normally lack EGF R and respond to ligands other than EGF . ^^^ Nevertheless , immunoblotting , Northern analysis , and immunohistochemistry revealed that each of 3 malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumor ( MPNST ) cell lines from NF 1 patients expressed the EGF R , as did 7 of 7 other primary MPNSTs , a non NF 1 MPNST cell line , and the S 100 ( + ) cells from each of 9 benign neurofibromas . ^^^ Furthermore , transformed derivatives of Schwann cells from NF 1 ( / ) mouse embryos also expressed the EGF R . ^^^ All of the cells or cell lines expressing EGF R responded to EGF by activation of downstream signaling pathways . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
An examination of the EGF receptor ( EGFR ) revealed a similar amount of EGFR in the two age groups . ^^^ However , in aged cells Shc was unable to form stable complexes with EGFR after EGF stimulation . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
The ErbB receptor tyrosine kinase family consists of the epidermal growth factor ( EGF ) receptor ( ErbB 1 ) and three related receptors ( ErbB 2 , ErbB 3 , ErbB 4 ) . ^^^ Surprisingly , overexpression of the ErbB receptors even when combined with treatment with their ligands ( EGF , transforming growth factor alpha , betacellulin , neuregulins ) failed to protect the MCF 7 cells from cell death induced by either tumor necrosis factor ( TNF ) or serum starvation . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
To assess whether ErbB 2 is a critical component in epidermal growth factor ( EGF ) mediated stimulation of tumor cell proliferation , we used as a model SK OV 3 ovarian cancer cells , which over express EGF receptor ( EGFR ) and ErbB 2 receptors . ^^^ The induction of colony formation by EGF was completely abrogated in ErbB 2 depleted cells , despite unchanged expression levels and tyrosine phosphorylation of the EGFR . ^^^ Our results demonstrate that in human ovarian cancer cells the EGFR ErbB 2 heterodimer , and not the EGFR homodimer , can be rate limiting for EGF mediated proliferation , thus suggesting that the oncogenic activity of ErbB 2 in human tumors is due in part to its ability to increase the growth response to stroma derived EGF like growth factors . . ^^^ The duration of EGF mediated c Fos mRNA up regulation was decreased in parallel with loss of ErbB 2 expression . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
The nontransformed H16N 2 cells isolated from normal tissue express EGFR , p 185 ( erbB 2 ) , and erbB 3 , and are highly responsive to the mitogenic effects of HRG beta as well as to the combination of EGF and insulin in serum free culture . ^^^ Furthermore , erbB 3 principally mediated the direct recruitment of p 85 in cells stimulated by HRG or EGF , indicating that , in addition to the high level activation of PI3K by p 185 ( erbB 2 ) / erbB 3 , EGFR / erbB 3 heterodimer interaction is essential for the weak but significant level of PI3K activated by EGF in cells that express normal EGFR levels . ^^^ To better understand the relative abilities of HRGs , epidermal growth factor ( EGF ) , or insulin to activate PI3K under normal physiological conditions , we compared the levels of recruitment of the 85 kDa regulatory subunit of PI3K when activated by the type 1 ( erbB ) or type 2 [ insulin like growth factor ( IGF ) ] receptor tyrosine kinases in two different nontransformed human mammary epithelial cell lines . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Compound 5 ( Cpd 5 ) , a synthetic K vitamin analogue , or 2 ( 2 mercaptoethanol ) 3 methyl 1 , 4 naphthoquinone , is a potent inhibitor of epidermal growth factor ( EGF ) induced rat hepatocyte DNA synthesis and induces EGF receptor ( EGFR ) tyrosine phosphorylation . ^^^ Coimmunoprecipitation studies demonstrated that both EGF and Cpd 5 induced tyrosine phosphorylation of EGFR was associated with increased amounts of adapter proteins Shc and Grb 2 , and the Ras GTP GDP exchange protein Sos , indicating the formation of functional EGFR complexes . ^^^ Although EGFR phosphorylation was induced both by the stimulant EGF and the inhibitor Cpd 5 , the timing and intensity of activation by EGF and Cpd 5 were different . ^^^ EGF activated EGFR transiently , whereas Cpd 5 induced an intense and sustained activation . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
In mammalian cells , the binding of epidermal growth factor ( EGF ) to its receptor ( EGFR ) , a glycoprotein with intrinsic tyrosine kinase activity , leads to the pleiotropic responses to EGF . ^^^ The addition of mammalian EGF resulted in significant time and temperature dependent changes in EGFR subcellular distribution in mussel cells . ^^^ In cells exposed to EGF for 0 15 min at 4 degrees C , the distribution of EGFR was not significantly different from that of the control cells . ^^^ Moreover , after 20 min of exposure to EGF , ligand binding apparently resulted in EGFR compartmentation within the lysosomes . ^^^ These observations were confirmed by quantitative analysis of EGFR labelling at different times of EGF exposure . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
These growth factors function by binding to a common EGF receptor ( EGFR ) , tyrosine kinase . ^^^ Activation of EGFR was analyzed by 1 ) indirect immunofluorescence microscopy , 2 ) immunoprecipitation using anti EGFR and anti phosphotyrosine ( anti PT ) , and 3 ) binding site localization using EGF fluorescein isothiocyanate ( FITC ) . ^^^ EGF FITC binding assays indicated that EGFR ligands could penetrate all the way to the limbus . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
NA
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
NA
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
NA
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
This may be due to enhanced ligand induced internalization of EGF receptor ( EGFR ) . ^^^ In support of this , we demonstrated that although a single injection of EGF ( 10 microg / kg ) or TGF alpha ( 5 microg / kg ) in young ( 4 6 mo old ) rats greatly increased membrane associated EGFR tyrosine kinase activity , the same treatment slightly inhibited the enzyme activity in aged ( 24 mo old ) rats . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
These findings suggest that the sugar chain linked to Asn 420 plays a crucial role in EGF binding and prevents spontaneous oligomerization of the EGFR , which may otherwise lead to uncontrollable receptor activation , and support the view of a specific role of an Asn linked sugar chain in the function of a glycoprotein . . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
The EGF receptor ( EGF R ) has an oncogenic potential when overexpressed in a wide range of tumor cells . ^^^ Geldanamycin ( GA ) and herbimycin ( HA ) , specific inhibitors of the cytosolic chaperone HSP 90 and its endoplasmic reticulum homologue GRP 94 , were shown to accelerate degradation of the EGF R and of its homologue p 185 ( c ) ( erbB 2 ) . ^^^ Here we compared the effects of GA and HA on intracellular degradation and maturation of EGF R . ^^^ By using an inhibitor of proteasomal degradation , we learned that GA , but not HA , blocks processing of newly synthesized EGF R . ^^^ The effects of GA and HA on receptor degradation are mediated by the cytosolic portion of EGF R and could be conferred to the erythropoietin receptor ( EPO R ) , by employing the respective chimera . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
FAK associates with activated PDGF and EGF receptor ( PDGFR and EGFR ) signalling complexes , and expression of the band 4 . 1 like domain at the FAK amino terminus is sufficient to mediate an interaction with activated EGFR . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
OBJECTIVE : To investigate the relationship of epidermal growth factor ( EGF ) and its receptor ( EGFR ) with fetal birth weight . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
In the A 549 human adenocarcinoma cell line dexamethasone inhibited epidermal growth factor ( EGF ) stimulated cytosolic PLA ( 2 ) ( cPLA ( 2 ) ) activation and AA release by blocking the recruitment of Grb 2 to the activated EGF receptor ( EGF R ) through a glucocorticoid receptor ( GR ) dependent ( RU 486 sensitive ) , transcription independent ( actinomycin insensitive ) , mechanism . ^^^ The dexamethasone induced block of Grb 2 recruitment was parallelled by changes in phosphorylation status and subcellular localization of lipocortin 1 ( LC 1 ) and an increase in the amount of the tyrosine phosphoprotein co localized with EGF R . ^^^ Our results point to an unsuspected rapid effect of glucocorticoids , mediated by occupation of GR but not by changes in gene transcription , which is brought about by competition between LC 1 and Grb 2 leading to a failure of recruitment off signalling factors to EGF R . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Evidence is provided for trophoblast cell expression of epidermal growth factor receptor ( EGFR ) , ErbB 2 , fibroblast growth factor receptor 1 ( FGFR 1 ) , transforming growth factor alpha , and heparin binding EGF . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
NA
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Retinoic acid affects the EGF R signaling pathway during differentiation induction of human endometrial adenocarcinoma cells . ^^^ Tyrphostin , an inhibitor of epidermal growth factor receptor ( EGF R ) associated protein tyrosine kinases , caused a dramatic reorganization of actin filaments in RL 95 2 cells , similar to retinoic acid treated cells ( Carter and Bellido , J . ^^^ We evaluated the possibility that the differentiating effects of retinoids are due to retinoic acid induced decreases in phosphorylation of EGF R and changes in downstream effector proteins . ^^^ Retinoic acid caused a decrease in tyrosine phosphorylation of EGF R . ^^^ Retinoic acid induced a relocalization and decrease in the amount of Shc protein , another actin binding protein which is an adaptor protein for EGF R signaling . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
These two regions of divergence align with sequences in ErbB 1 that have been shown to be proximal to the amino terminus and to the carboxyl terminal region , respectively , of bound EGF . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
AG 1571 ( SU 5271 ) potently inhibits ligand induced autophosphorylation of EGF R , downstream signal transduction events , DNA replication and cell cycle progression at micromolar concentrations , as well as proliferation of keratinocytes isolated from psoriatic lesions in excellent correlation with its EGFR kinase inhibitory activity in these cells . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
To investigate the estrogenic effects on the transcriptional regulation of the epidermal growth factor ( EGF ) receptor ( EGFR ) gene , we assayed its promoter ability to direct transcription of the luciferase reporter gene after transfection into HeLa cells . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
In this study we aimed to verify this hypothesis by evaluating the presence of mRNA of EGF and EGF receptor ( EGF R ) and of their translation products in U 285 cells , before and after the treatment with suramin and exogenous EGF . ^^^ The presence in the cells of mRNA for EGF and EGF R and of their translation products was demonstrated by means of reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction ( RT PCR ) and immunocytochemical methods respectively . ^^^ The results obtained from the RT PCR showed the presence , in the control cells and in the treated ones , of mRNA coding for EGF and EGF R . ^^^ The immunocytochemical analysis indicated that 20 % of the control cells are EGF positive , and 83 % are EGF R positive , confirming the results obtained with RT PCR . ^^^ None of the treatments modifies the percentage of EGF R positive cells . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
NA
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
NA
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
NA
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
NA
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
NA
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
NA
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
NA
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
NA
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
NA
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
NA
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
NA
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Superagonistic activation of ErbB 1 by EGF related growth factors with enhanced association and dissociation rate constants . ^^^ Epidermal growth factor ( EGF ) and transforming growth factor alpha ( TGFalpha ) are mitogenic hormones that exert their activity primarily by binding to the EGF receptor , also known as ErbB 1 . ^^^ We have recently characterized a set of EGF / TGFalpha chimeric molecules with similar high affinity for ErbB 1 as EGF and TGFalpha and shown that three of these chimeras induce mitogenic cell stimulation at already a 10 fold lower concentration than their wild type counterparts ( Lenferink , A . ^^^ In the present study we show that these so called superagonistic chimeras do not differ from EGF and TGFalpha in their ability to induce ErbB 1 tyrosine phosphorylation but are considerably more potent in activation of mitogen activated protein kinase phosphorylation . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Heregulin beta 1 ( HRG beta 1 ; selective c erbB3 / B4 ligand ) was found to stimulate proliferation in the majority of cell lines , whereas epidermal growth factor ( EGF ; EGFR ligand ) and betacellulin ( BTC ; EGFR / B4 ligand ) induced variable responses . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
In contrast , the parental cells , 32D / EGFR , 32D / ErbB 4 , and 32D / ErbB 2+ErbB 3 cells , all depended on IL 3 or EGF like ligands for growth . 32D / EGFRvIII P 5 cells subjected to long term culture conditions in the absence of IL 3 revealed further elevation of EGFRvIII expression levels . ^^^ Dose response analysis revealed 32D / EGFRvIII cells to require 500 fold higher concentrations ( 50 ng / ml ) of EGF to further stimulate the EGF mediated proliferation than in the 32D / EGFR cells ( 100 pg / ml ) . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Epidermal growth factor ( EGF ) has neurotrophic effects via the tyrosine kinase linked EGF receptor ( EGFR ) , but its neurotoxic potential has not been studied . ^^^ Suggesting mediation by the EGFR , an EGFR tyrosine kinase specific inhibitor , C 56 , attenuated EGF induced neuronal death . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Epidermal growth factor ( EGF ) regulates cell growth and differentiation through intracellular transduction networks activated by its tyrosine kinase receptor , EGFR . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
One promising target of interest is the epidermal growth factor receptor ( EGFr ) , which is activated by the ligands EGF and TGF alpha . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Since T ( 3 ) modifies the activity of growth factors whose actions are mainly mediated by tyrosine kinase ( TK ) activation in diverse cellular types , we assayed the effects of genistein , a general TK inhibitor , and tyrphostin A 25 , a specific epidermal growth factor ( EGF ) receptor ( EGFR ) dependent TK activity inhibitor , on the proliferative effects of T ( 3 ) . ^^^ These results lead us to propose that T ( 3 ) could operate as a proliferative agent in bovine thyroid cells through a mechanism involving an autocrine / paracrine EGF / EGFR dependent regulation . . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
NA
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
NA
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
NA
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
NA
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
The epidermal growth factor ( EGF ) like family of growth factors elicits cellular responses by stimulating the dimerization , autophosphorylation , and tyrosine kinase activities of the ErbB family of receptor tyrosine kinases . ^^^ Although several different EGF like ligands are capable of binding to a single ErbB family member , it is generally thought that the biological and biochemical responses of a single receptor dimer to different ligands are indistinguishable . ^^^ To test whether an ErbB receptor dimer is capable of discriminating among ligands we have examined the effect of four EGF like growth factors on signaling through the ErbB 4 receptor homodimer in CEM / HER4 cells , a transfected human T cell line ectopically expressing ErbB 4 in an ErbB null background . ^^^ These results indicate that ErbB 4 activation by growth factors is not generic and suggest that individual ErbB receptors can discriminate between different EGF like ligands within the context of a single receptor dimer . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Transforming growth factor alpha ( TGFalpha ) is a member of the epidermal growth factor ( EGF ) family with which it shares the same receptor , the EGF receptor ( EGFR or erbB 1 ) . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
A defective epidermal growth factor receptor ( EGFR ) abrogates adaptation , while overexpression of EGFR or exogenous epidermal growth factor ( EGF ) enhances adaptation following small bowel resection ( SBR ) . ^^^ EGFR is predominantly located on the enterocyte basolateral membrane , yet luminal EGF is increased in injured mucosa . ^^^ We hypothesized that EGFR is both increased and redistributed to the enterocyte brush border membrane ( BBM ) after SBR and that parenteral EGF will reverse this redistribution . ^^^ Thus , EGFR is partially redistributed to the BBM in the mucosa of SBR rabbits , and parenteral EGF does not reverse this redistribution . . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Using 16HBE 14o bronchial epithelial cells , we found that EGF accelerated repair of scrape wounded monolayers and that the EGFR selective inhibitor , tyrphostin AG 1478 , inhibited both EGF stimulated and basal wound closure whereas dexamethasone was without effect . ^^^ Intrinsic activation of the EGFR was confirmed by analysis of tyrosine phosphorylated proteins , which revealed a rapid , damage induced phosphorylation of the EGFR , irrespective of the presence of exogenous EGF . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Using the nonpassaged method , we found EGFr NP cells live in the EGF supplement medium for over 4 years the longest lived EGFr NP cells ever reported . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Simultaneous quantitation of several mRNA species by calibrated reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction and capillary electrophoresis : analysis of the epidermal growth factor receptor and its activating ligands EGF , TGF alpha , and HB EGF in rat liver . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
EGF mediated tyrosine phosphorylation of EGF receptor ( EGFR ) was suppressed by 55 % in 72 h OM pretreated H 3922 cells . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
NA
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
NA
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
ErbB receptors and EGF like ligands : cell lineage determination and oncogenesis through combinatorial signaling . ^^^ The ErbB / HER family of transmembrane receptor tyrosine kinases includes four members that bind more than two dozens ligands sharing an epidermal growth factor ( EGF ) 3 like motif . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
The discovery of multiple EGF like ligands and erbB receptors offers the potential for a highly diverse signaling system allowing specific ligand / receptor complexes to be created in response to a certain hormone ( s ) or stage of mammary development . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Transforming growth factor alpha ( TGFalpha ) 4 and / or the EGF receptor ( EGFR ) are frequently overexpressed by human and rodent breast tumors , as well as tumor derived cell lines . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
In this study , we derived sCAR genetically fused with human epidermal growth factor ( EGF ) and investigated its ability to target Ad infection to the EGF receptor ( EGFR ) overexpressed on cancer cell lines . ^^^ We have demonstrated that sCAR EGF protein is capable of binding to Ad virions and directing them to EGFR , thereby achieving targeted delivery of reporter gene . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Human integrin alpha 5 was transfected into the integrin alpha5 / beta1 negative intestinal epithelial cell line Caco 2 to study EGF receptor ( EGFR ) and integrin alpha5 / beta1 signaling interactions involved in epithelial cell proliferation . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
The epidermal growth factor ( EGF ) family of receptors ( EGFR ) is overproduced in estrogen receptor ( ER ) negative ( ) breast cancer cells . ^^^ A comparative study with EGFR overproducing ER and low level producing ER+ breast cancer cells suggests that EGF is a major growth stimulating factor for ER cells . ^^^ The transmission of mitogenic signal induced by EGF EGFR interaction is mediated via activation of nuclear factor kappaB ( NF kappaB ) . ^^^ The basal level of active NF kappaB in ER cells is elevated by EGF and inhibited by anti EGFR antibody ( EGFR Ab ) , thus qualifying EGF as a NF kappaB activation factor . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Of several ligands activating various ErbB receptors , including heregulin , neuregulin 3 , beta cellulin , heparin binding epidermal growth factor ( HB EGF ) , transforming growth factor alpha ( TGF alpha ) and EGF , heregulin shows the most potent mitogenic effects on supporting cells . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Neither EGFR protein levels nor EGF binding was notably altered in AAF exposed hepatocytes as opposed to normal hepatocytes . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
NA
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
NA
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
NA
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
NA
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
NA
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
NA
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
NA
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
NA
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Targeted expression of a dominant negative EGF R in the kidney reduces tubulo interstitial lesions after renal injury . ^^^ To determine whether the EGF expression is beneficial or detrimental , we generated transgenic mice expressing a COOH terminal truncated EGF R under the control of the kidney specific type 1 gamma glutamyl transpeptidase promoter . ^^^ Infusion of EGF to transgenic animals revealed that the mutant receptor behaved in a dominant negative manner and prevented EGF signaled EGF R autophosphorylation . ^^^ In conclusion , functional inactivation of the EGF R in renal proximal tubular cells reduced tubulo interstitial lesions after renal injury . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
We examined transforming growth factor ( TGF ) alpha , epidermal growth factor ( EGF ) and EGF receptor ( EGFR ) expression and signaling in three drug resistant MCF 7 human breast cancer sublines and asked whether these pathways contribute to the drug resistance phenotype . ^^^ Defects in the EGFR signaling pathway cascade were found in all examined drug resistant sublines , including altered EGF induced Shc , Raf 1 , or mitogen activated protein kinase phosphorylation . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Agonists of G protein coupled receptors , such as thrombin , act in part by transactivating the epidermal growth factor ( EGF ) receptor ( EGFR ) . ^^^ Although at first a ligand independent mechanism for EGFR transactivation was postulated , it has recently been shown that this transactivation by various G protein coupled receptor agonists can involve heparin binding EGF like growth factor ( HB EGF ) . ^^^ Because thrombin stimulation of vascular smooth muscle cell migration is blocked by heparin and because heparin can displace HB EGF , we investigated the possibility that thrombin stimulation of smooth muscle cells ( SMCs ) depends on EGFR activation by HB EGF . ^^^ In rat SMCs , EGFR phosphorylation and extracellular signal regulated kinase ( ERK ) activation in response to thrombin are inhibited not only by the EGFR inhibitor AG 1478 and by EGFR blocking antibody but also by heparin and by neutralizing HB EGF antibody . ^^^ We conclude from these data that the inhibitory effect of heparin on SMC migration induced by thrombin relies , at least in part , on a blockade of HB EGF mediated EGFR transactivation . . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
The tyrphostin AG 1478 , a selective EGFR antagonist , inhibited both Ang 2 and EGF induced tyrosine phosphorylation of the EGFR . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
The functional domain of Argos includes an atypical EGF domain and it is not clear whether it binds to the EGF receptor or if it acts via a distinct receptor to reduce Egfr activity indirectly . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
NA
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
NA
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
NA
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
NA
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
NA
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
NA
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
NA
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
NA
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
We hypothesized that chronic intrauterine androgen exposure alters fetal lung fibroblast maturation by down regulating epidermal growth factor receptor ( EGF R ) activity and by up regulating transforming growth factor beta receptor ( TGFbeta R ) activity , leading to an inhibition of surfactant protein B ( SP B ) and C ( SP C ) gene expression in type 2 cells . ^^^ On day 18 , EGF binding , EGF R phosphorylation , TGFbeta R binding , and TGFbeta 1 induced cell proliferation were studied in sex specific fibroblast cultures . ^^^ Chronic DHT treatment reduced both EGF binding ( females to 78+ / 8 % and males to 65+ / 9 % of controls ) and EGF induced EGF R phosphorylation . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
The role of epidermal growth factor receptors ( EGF R ) in osteogenic cell differentiation was investigated using preosteoblastic MC3T3 E 1 ( MC3T3 ) cells and osteoblast like ROS 17 / 2 . 8 ( ROS ) cells . ^^^ On the other hand , ROS cells with high expression levels of osteoblast markers and no EGF R , after being transfected with human EGF R cDNA ( EROS cells ) , expressed numerous EGF binding sites as well as EGF R mRNA and protein ; in the process , they ceased to express osteoblast markers , indicating their dedifferentiation into osteoprogenitor cells . ^^^ These results imply that the EGF / EGF R system in osteogenic cells has a crucial function in osteoblast phenotype suppression and osteogenic cell proliferation . . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Previous studies have shown that the Dorsal , Decapentaplegic ( Dpp ) , and EGF receptor ( Egfr ) signaling pathways regulate embryonic DV patterning , as well as aspects of CNS patterning . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Betacellulin ( BTC ) belongs to the epidermal growth factor ( EGF ) family of peptide ligands that are characterised by a six cysteine consensus motif that forms three intra molecular disulfide bonds crucial for binding the ErbB receptor family . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
EGF treatment of cells expressing wild type or mutants of the E 5 protein show that deletion of the last carboxy terminal 5 amino acids results in loss of E 5 mediated EGFR overactivation . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Epidermal growth factor receptor ( EGFR ) phosphorylation levels were chronically elevated after EGF induction and the EGFR ligand driven internalization rate was slower in Ha ras transformed MCF 10A cells . ^^^ Epidermal growth factor receptor ( EGFR ) phosphorylation levels were chronically elevated after EGF induction and the EGFR ligand driven internalization rate was slower in Ha ras transformed MCF 10A cells . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Many different growth factor ligands , including epidermal growth factor ( EGF ) and the neuregulins ( NRGs ) , regulate members of the erbB / HER family of receptor tyrosine kinases . ^^^ To distinguish between these possibilities , we compared the abilities of EGF and NRG 1 beta1 to induce homo and hetero oligomerization of purified erbB receptor extracellular domains . ^^^ EGF and NRG 1 beta1 induced efficient homo oligomerization of the erbB 1 and erbB 4 extracellular domains , respectively . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Indirect immunofluorescent study demonstrated that all Shc isoforms co localize with EGF receptor ( EGFR ) and activated c Src in both plasma membranes and cytoplasmic vesicle structures . ^^^ Our previous study has shown that EGF induces the indirect association of EGFR and c Src and activation of c Src in A 431 cells . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
The expression of estrogen receptors ( ER ) and epidermal growth factor receptors ( EGFR ) in the gastrointestinal tract might therefore result in functional cross talk between estrogens and EGF . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
NTAK ( neural and thymus derived activator for the ErbB kinase , neuregulin 2 ) is a novel member of the epidermal growth factor ( EGF ) family . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
We show here that the CD82 / KAI 1 tetraspanin is directly associated with the EGF receptor ( EGFR ) , and that ectopic expression of CD82 / KAI 1 in epithelial cells specifically suppresses EGF induced lamellipodial extensions and cell migration . ^^^ In cells expressing CD82 / KAI 1 , the initial activation of EGFR is not affected , but subsequent desensitization of EGF induced signaling occurs more rapidly . ^^^ These results identify CD82 / KAI 1 as a new regulator of EGF induced signaling and show that the association of EGFR with the tetraspanin is critical in EGFR desensitization . . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Attempts to address the biochemical mechanism involved in the cross talk between the receptors were conducted by the immunoprecipitation approach using antibodies reacting with the EGF receptor ( EGFR ) , phosphotyrosine , phospholipase Cgamma ( PLCgamma ) 1 , and G ( alphai ) protein . ^^^ These data show a cross talk between LPA and EGF limited to a branch of EGFR mediated signaling , which may be explained by a LPA induced , G ( alphai ) protein mediated translocation of PLCgamma 1 to EGFR in the absence of detectable tyrosine phosphorylation of both proteins . . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
This study examined the distribution of immunoreactive epidermal growth factor ( EGF ) and EGF receptor ( EGF R ) in the uterus and the effects of EGF on uterine activity in goats . ^^^ Immunohistochemistry of EGF and EGF R in the uteri showed distinct staining in the luminal and glandular epithelium and slight to moderate staining in the stromal and myometrial cells . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
NA
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
NA
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
NA
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
NA
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
NA
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
NA
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
NA
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
NA
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
NA
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
NA
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
NA
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
NA
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
NA
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
NA
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
NA
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
NA
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
NA
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Up regulation of epidermal growth factor receptors ( EGF R ) by nicotine in cervical cancer cell lines : this effect may be mediated by EGF . ^^^ PROBLEM : Over expression of epidermal growth factor receptors ( EGF R ) has been described in a variety of cancers , including cervical cancer . ^^^ Nicotine may increase cellular proliferation rates through a mechanism involving EGF or EGF R . ^^^ METHOD OF STUDY : We studied ( a ) nicotine induced increase in the cellular expression of EGF R in human papillomavirus ( HPV ) positive ME 180 and HPV negative HT 3 cervical cancer cell line cultures , using a semi quantitative immunofluorescent antibody assay ; ( b ) alterations in cellular proliferation in association with changes in EGF R levels ; and ( c ) the EGF R mediation by EGF . ^^^ RESULTS : Nicotine exposure at physiologically attainable plasma concentrations caused increased expression of EGF R in both cervical cancer cell lines . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Profile of epidermal growth factor receptor ( EGFr ) expression in human malignancies : effects of exposure to EGF and its biological influence on established human tumour cell lines . ^^^ The number of lines expressing high and low EGFr expression amongst TCCs were 4 and 4 and in OSCCs were 3 and 1 respectively . c ) Exposure of tumour cell lines to EGF led to : 1 ) an increase in EGFr expression ( stimulatory indices SI , ranged from 1 . 06 to 2 . 58 ) for TCCs but a decrease in the case of OSCCs ( SI ranged from 0 . 01 to 0 . 85 ) . ^^^ The exposure of OSCC but not TCC tumour cells to EGF resulted in down regulation of EGFr and class 1 antigens . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
The epidermal growth factor ( EGF ) family of peptides signals through the erbB family of receptor tyrosine kinases and plays important roles in development and tumorigenesis . ^^^ Both EGF and transforming growth factor ( TGF ) alpha only bind to erbB 1 and activate it . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Overexpression of mutant dynamin disrupts high affinity EGF EGF receptor ( EGFR ) interaction ( T . ^^^ Upon potassium depletion of Hep 2 cells , EGF induced EGFR endocytosis was inhibited . ^^^ However , the EGFR and MAPK were efficiently activated by EGF in both the absence and the presence of clathrin dependent endocytosis . ^^^ The EGFR was weakly tyrosine phosphorylated by potassium depletion even in the absence of EGF , and this activation resulted in detectable activation of MAPK . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Mutations in the rhomboid ( rho ) gene , which encodes a sevenpass membrane protein required to enhance signalling transmitted by the EGF receptor ( Egfr ) , inhibit vein development and disrupt the vein pattern . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
After establishing ErbB 1 , cbl , PI 3 kinase and Akt were activated in EGF treated MDA MB 231 , we determined by immunoblot with FKHR antiserum that the electrophoretic mobility of FKHR was retarded after EGF treatment . ^^^ EGF stimulated FKHR phosphorylation was blocked by the PI 3 kinase inhibitor LY 294002 , and the ErbB 1 inhibitor AG 1478 . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
NA
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Immunolocalization of TGF alpha , EGF , EGF R , IGF 1 , IGF IRbeta , FGF 2 , FGFR 1 , and VEGF was observed in the cytoplasm of smooth muscle cells of leiomyomas and matched myometrium . ^^^ The cytoplasm of vascular smooth muscle cells expressed TGF alpha , EGF , EGF R , IGF 1 , IGF IRbeta , FGF 2 , FGFR 1 , and VEGF , whereas the vascular endothelium was positive for TGF alpha , EGF , EGF R , FGF 2 , and FGFR 1 in both leiomyomas and matched myometria . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Estrogen and progesterone facilitate erbB mediated glia to LHRH neuron communication by enhancing astrocytic gene expression of at least one of the EGF related ligands ( TGFalpha ) and two of the receptors ( erbB 2 and erbB 4 ) . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
TIMP 2 neither altered the release of transforming growth factor alpha from the cell surface , nor epidermal growth factor ( EGF ) binding to the cognate receptor , EGFR . ^^^ These studies represent a new functional paradigm for TIMP 2 in which TIMP suppresses EGF mediated mitogenic signaling by short circuiting EGFR activation . . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Estrogen induced activation of Erk 1 and Erk 2 requires the G protein coupled receptor homolog , GPR 30 , and occurs via trans activation of the epidermal growth factor receptor through release of HB EGF . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
During Drosophila oogenesis , asymmetrically localized Gurken activates the EGF receptor ( Egfr ) and determines dorsal follicle cell fates . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
In accordance with the reduced levels of EGFR in EGFR anti sense expressing cells , tyrosine phosphorylation of EGFR was decreased compared to untransfected parental cells treated with EGF . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
To further determine the role of the ErbB receptors in drug resistance , we selected various NIH 3T3 cell lines that specifically expressed EGF receptor ( EGFR ) , ErbB 2 , ErbB 3 , EGFR / ErbB2 , EGFR / ErbB3 , or ErbB2 / ErbB3 . ^^^ Enhanced drug resistance in cells coexpressing ErbB 2 with EGF receptor or ErbB 3 . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
The epidermal growth factor receptor ( EGFr ) , when expressed on the cell surface , has long been known to display two distinct affinities for epidermal growth factor ( EGF ) binding . ^^^ Equilibrium ( 125 ) 1 EGF binding studies demonstrate that the conversion of Tyr 992 into glutamate induces a 4 fold decrease in the EGFr apparent low affinity dissociation constant , whereas the mutation of two acidic residues , Asp 988 and Glu 991 , or the conversion of Tyr 992 into phenylalanine does not alter EGFr affinity . ^^^ These results are examined in the context of a new model for regulation of the affinity of the EGFr for EGF in which a cytosolic particle stabilizes the high affinity conformation of the EGFr and a rapid equilibrium exists between EGFr high affinity and low affinity conformations . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
EGF activation of Rab5a function was dependent on tyrosine residues in the COOH terminal domain of the EGF receptor ( EGFR ) . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
To determine the distribution of the epidermal growth factor ( EGF ) receptor ( EGFR ) on the surface of cells responding to EGF as a chemoattractant , an EGFR green fluorescent protein chimera was expressed in the MTLn 3 mammary carcinoma cell line . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
In the present study we evaluated the effect of cell permeant ceramide analogues on ligand induced tyrosine phosphorylation of the EGF receptor ( EGFR ) , phospholipase Cy ( PLCgamma ) activity and cell proliferation . ^^^ Treatment with N acetylsphingosine ( C 2 cer ) and N hexanoylceramide ( C 6 cer ) prevented EGF induced tyrosine trans phosphorylation of the receptor in two different cell lines overexpressing the human EGFR ( A 431 and EGF T 17 cells ) . ^^^ In addition EGF stimulated PLCgamma activity was transiently decreased in A 431 cells treated with C 6 cer and only a modest , albeit significant reduction on ligand induced 3H InsP 3 generation was observed in EGFR T 17 cells pretreated with ceramide . ^^^ We also examined the effect of C 2 cer on serum ( A 431 ) or EGF ( EGFR T 17 ) induced cell proliferation . ^^^ Treatment of EGFR TI 7 cells with C 2 cer ( 0 . 1 10 microM ) did not affect cell viability , but prevented EGF induced 3H thymidine incorporation in a dose dependent manner . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Stimulation by EGF resulted in the recruitment of Grb 2 YFP to cellular compartments that contained EGFR CFP and a large increase in FRET signal amplitude . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
We visualized the phosphorylation of green fluorescent protein ( GFP ) tagged ErbB 1 ( ErbB 1 GFP ) receptors in cells focally stimulated with epidermal growth factor ( EGF ) covalently attached to beads . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
The epidermal growth factor receptor ( EGF R ) , after activation by its ligands , stimulates a cascade of intracellular events leading to cellular proliferation . ^^^ Our objective was to study potential negative regulators of EGF R expression ; we investigated the effect of adenovirus E1A proteins . ^^^ We show that human cell lines stably transformed with the adenovirus E 1 region show significantly reduced expression of EGF R protein and mRNA compared to their control , non E1A expressing counterparts . ^^^ Furthermore , the promoter activity of EGF R can be specifically repressed by E1A in transient co transfection analysis in multiple cell types . ^^^ Analysis of E1A mutants showed that both E1A gene products , 12S and 13S , repress EGF R promoter activity and that full repression requires the presence of an intact CR 1 domain . . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Herein , we further elucidated the function of EGFR signaling on early embryonic gut development by comparing the effects of 1 10 ng / mL of exogenous epidermal growth factor ( EGF ) or 10 25 microM of the tyrphostin 3 , 4 , 5 trihydroxybenzene malononitrile , a specific inhibitor of EGFR tyrosine kinase , on intact E 12 Swiss Webster mouse midgut grown in chemically defined organ culture using Fitton Jackson BGJb medium for 4 or 6 d . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
NA
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
NA
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
NA
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
NA
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
We report that increased Fyn activity by itself suppresses growth of keratinocytes , but not dermal fibroblasts , through downmodulation of EGF receptor ( EGFR ) signaling . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
As epidermal growth factor ( EGF ) has been shown to mediate estrogen action and play a crucial role in regulating leiomyoma growth , we also investigated the effects of sex steroids on EGF and EGF receptor ( EGF R ) expression in leiomyoma cells . ^^^ In contrast , E ( 2 ) treatment augmented EGF R expression in cultured leiomyoma cells , but P ( 4 ) did not . ^^^ These results indicate that P ( 4 ) up regulates the expression of PCNA and EGF in leiomyoma cells , whereas E ( 2 ) up regulates the expression of PCNA and EGF R in those cells . ^^^ It is , therefore , conceivable that P ( 4 ) and E ( 2 ) act in combination to stimulate the proliferative potential of leiomyoma cells through the induction of EGF and EGF R expression . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
RESULTS : Messenger RNA encoding the EGF receptors ( EGFR ) c erbB 2 and c erbB 3 , but not c erbB 4 , was detected in primary cultures of human nasal epithelial cells . ^^^ Evidence for EGF , transforming growth factor alpha , heparin binding EGF , amphiregulin , and betacellulin immunostaining in the nasal epithelium was also obtained ; their staining patterns paralleled that of EGFR immunostaining . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
The frequent amplification of the EGF receptor ( EGFR ) in high grade astrocytomas led to the examination of the hypothesis that CD 44 dependent astrocytoma invasion is regulated by EGF . ^^^ No EGF induced increase in CD44s was observed after treatment of cells with the wild type EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitor Tyrphostin AG 1478 ( 30 nM ) . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Epidermal growth factor ( EGF ) receptor ( ErbB 1 ) associated tyrosine kinase inhibitors may act as potential chemotherapeutic agents . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
The four members of the ErbB family of receptor tyrosine kinases ( RTKs ) mediate a variety of cellular responses to epidermal growth factor ( EGF ) like growth factors , and serve as a model for the generation of both diversity and specificity in RTK signaling . ^^^ In addition to a role in receptor kinase activation , ligand induced ErbB receptor homo and heterodimerization is thought to account for the diversity of biological responses stimulated by EGF like growth factors . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
This growth factor mediated hnRNP K expression was effectively blocked by pretreatment of cultures with humanized anti EGF receptor ( EGFR ) antibody C 225 , or anti human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 ( HER 2 ) antibody . ^^^ These results suggested that the activity of human EGF receptor family members regulates hnRNP K expression by extracellular growth promoting signals and that therapeutic humanized antibodies against EGFR and HER 2 can effectively block this function . . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
NA
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
NA
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
NA
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
NA
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
NA
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
In the past 15 years , various anti EGFR blocking monoclonal antibodies ( MAb ) , recombinant proteins containing transforming growth factor alpha ( TGFalpha ) or EGF fused to toxins , and tyrosine kinase inhibitors ( TKIs ) have been generated and their biological and potentially therapeutic properties characterised . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Although the binding of EGF to the epidermal growth factor receptor ( EGFR ) was decreased in GnT 3 transfectants to a level of about 60 % of control cells , the EGF induced activation of extracellular signal regulated kinase ( ERK ) in GnT 3 transfectants was enhanced to approximately 1 . 4 fold that of the control cells . ^^^ EGF induced autophosphorylation and dimerization of the EGFR in the GnT 3 transfectants were the same levels as found in the controls . ^^^ The internalization rate of EGFR was , however , enhanced in the GnT 3 transfectants as judged by the uptake of ( 125 ) 1 EGF and Oregon Green labeled EGF . ^^^ These results suggest that GnT 3 overexpression in HeLaS 3 cells resulted in an enhancement of EGF induced ERK phosphorylation at least in part by the up regulation of the endocytosis of EGFR . . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Vascular endothelial growth factor ( VEGF ) and its receptors VEGFR 1 and VEGFR 2 , fibroblast growth factor 2 ( FGF 2 ) and its receptors FGFR 1 and FGFR 2 , as well as epidermal growth factor ( EGF ) and its receptor EGFR are believed to be important in the control of angiogenesis in the human endometrium . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Angiotensin 2 ( Ang 2 ) mediated signals are transmitted via heparin binding epidermal growth factor ( EGF ) like growth factor ( HB EGF ) release followed by transactivation of EGF receptor ( EGFR ) . ^^^ Neutralizing anti HB EGF antibody blocked EGFR phosphorylation by Ang 2 . ^^^ Ang 2 also upregulated vascular endothelial growth factor ( VEGF ) expression in an HB EGF / EGFR dependent manner . ^^^ These findings suggested that ( 1 ) Ang 2 induces Ang 2 and VEGF expression without affecting Ang 1 or Tie 2 and ( 2 ) AT ( 1 ) stimulates processing of pro HB EGF by metalloproteinases , and the released HB EGF transactivates EGFR to induce angiogenesis via the combined effect of Ang 2 and VEGF , whereas AT ( 2 ) attenuates them by blocking EGFR phosphorylation . ^^^ Thus , Ang 2 is involved in the VEGF Ang Tie 2 system via HB EGF mediated EGFR transactivation , and this link should be considerable in pathological conditions in which collateral blood flow is required . . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Waved 2 ( wa 2 ) mice harboring a defect EGF R and phenotypically similar to TGF alpha knockout mice provide a novel approach to study the role of EGF R ligands in the maintenance and repair of colonic mucosa . ^^^ CONCLUSIONS : The increased susceptibility of wa 2 mice to DSS demonstrates the pivotal role of EGF R ligands such as EGF and TGF alpha in preserving the integrity of the colonic mucosa against mucosal injury . ^^^ The missing beneficial effect of exogenous EGF administration in these mice further underlines the importance of an intact ligand / EGF R pathway . . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
NA
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
NA
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
In this study , we attempted to avoid time consuming pre activation procedures for adoptively transferred cells by using a combination of bispecific antibodies directed to the EGF receptor ( EGFR ) on tumor cells and to CD 3 and CD 28 on T cells . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
The immunolocalization of proliferating cell nuclear antigen ( PCNA ) , epidermal growth factor ( EGF ) and its receptor ( EGFR ) was examined in the perinatal rat kidney . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
PC 12 and INS 1 cells both express the nerve growth factor ( NGF ) receptors trkA and p75NTR and the epidermal growth factor receptor ( EGF ) . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
OBJECTIVE : To study the expression of epidermal growth factor receptor ( EGFR ) on cochlear hair cells of normal and explosion stricken guinea pigs and the effects of epidermal growth factor ( EGF ) and dexamethasone ( DXM ) treatment for blast hearing loss . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
We report that conditioned medium ( CM ) from normal human bronchial epithelial cells ( NHBECs ) contains mitogenic activity for human lung fibroblasts that is blocked by the epidermal growth factor receptor ( EGF R ) tyrosine kinase inhibitor AG 1478 and by neutralizing antibodies raised against heparin binding epidermal growth factor like growth factor ( HB EGF ) . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Treatment with a combination of HGF and EGF , in comparison with that of either HGF or EGF , induced tyrosine phosphorylation of both c Met and EGF receptor ( EGFR ) independently and additively stimulated MAPK activity and cyclin D 1 expression , resulting in additive stimulation of DNA synthesis . ^^^ On the other hand , although TGF beta 1 treatment did not affect tyrosine phosphorylation of c Met and EGFR , MAPK activity , and cyclin D 1 expression , which were stimulated by HGF and EGF , DNA synthesis was completely inhibited through a marked decrease in cyclin E expression . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
The anti EGF receptor ( EGFR ) blocking monoclonal antibody ( MAb ) 225 and the EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitor PD 153035 were able to inhibit the induction of HB EGF mRNA levels in MCF 10A cells . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Signaling from the EGF receptor ( EGFR ) can trigger the differentiation of a wide variety of cell types in many animal species . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Among four EGF receptor ( EGFR ) family members , the EGFR was solely activated by EGF , heparin binding EGF ( HB EGF ) , transforming growth factor alpha ( TGF alpha ) , epiregulin ( ER ) , and betacellulin ( BTC ) , resulting in induction of phenotypic modulation of SMCs . ^^^ These results suggest that EGF family ligand and EGFR triggered signaling pathways are critically involved in the phenotypic modulation of SMCs . . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
The expression of LewisY related carbohydrate antigens and the content of epidermal growth factor receptor ( EGF R ) , the carcinoembryonic antigen ( CEA ) and the alpha fetoprotein ( AFP ) in colorectal and liver tumors were determined . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
NA
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
NA
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
We have previously demonstrated that Galpha ( s ) associates with the juxtamembrane region of the epidermal growth factor ( EGF ) receptor ( EGFR ) and that the EGFR can phosphorylate and activate this G protein ( H . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Down regulation of ErbB receptor activity , through the use of specific pharmacological inhibitors or dominant negative receptor constructs , revealed that IL 6 induced MAPK activation was largely dependent on epidermal growth factor ( EGF ) receptor activity , but not on ErbB 2 activity . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Both apical and basolateral EGF activated tyrosine phosphorylation of EGF receptors ( EGFR ) , beta catenin , and cellular substrate as evident on confocal microscopy . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
We determined the role of EGF receptor ( EGFR ) in stress induced expression of heparin binding EGF like growth factor ( HB EGF ) in a rat gastric epithelial cell line ( RGM 1 cells ) . ^^^ RESULTS : Oxidative stress and osmotic stress induced tyrosine phosphorylation of EGFR within 2 minutes , followed by a marked increase in HB EGF and amphiregulin transcripts in RGM 1 cells . ^^^ Introduction of HERCD 533 into the cells inhibited not only tyrosine phosphorylation of EGFR but also growth response to EGF . ^^^ CONCLUSIONS : EGFR plays a crucial role in the stress induced expression of EGF like growth factors in gastrointestinal epithelial cells . . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Little is known about the regulative role of the four other widely expressed epidermal growth factor receptor ligands , heparin binding EGF , amphiregulin , betacellulin and cripto in the gastric mucosa . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
For this work , we generated human monoclonal antibodies to the EGF receptor ( EGFR ) , an antigen overexpressed on many solid tumors . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
To characterize the receptor for EGF in rheumatoid synovial cells , the expression and function of ErbB family members were examined . ^^^ EGF stimulated the phosphorylation of ErbB 2 in primary synovial cells with RA . ^^^ CONCLUSION : ErbB 2 is expressed in rheumatoid synovial cells and may function as the receptor for EGF . ^^^ Our data suggest that mitotic signals from EGF family members are transduced by ErbB 2 in these cells . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
The epidermal growth factor receptor ( EGF R ) plays an important role in the growth and progression of estrogen receptor negative human breast cancers . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
However , in this report we demonstrate that inhibition of epidermal growth factor ( EGF ) stimulated PI3K activity by expression of the kinase deficient PI3K p 110 subunit ( p110delta kin ) does not block the lysosomal targeting and degradation of the EGF receptor ( EGFR ) . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
NA
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
NA
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
NA
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
NA
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
NA
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
NA
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
To this end , using XenoMouse technology , ABX EGF , a human IgG 2 monoclonal antibody ( mAb ) specific to human EGFr , has been generated . ^^^ ABX EGF binds EGFr with high affinity ( 5x10 ( 11 ) M ) , blocks the binding of both EGF and transforming growth factor alpha ( TGF alpha ) to various EGFr expressing human carcinoma cell lines , and inhibits EGF dependent tumor cell activation , including EGFr tyrosine phosphorylation , increased extracellular acidification rate , and cell proliferation . ^^^ Inhibition of human pancreatic , renal , breast and prostate tumor xenografts which express different levels of EGFr by ABX EGF was also achieved . ^^^ Tumor expressing more than 17000 EGFr molecules per cell showed significant growth inhibition when treated with ABX EGF . ^^^ ABX EGF had no effect on EGFr negative tumors . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
This study showed that UV ( 30 mJ / cm ( 2 ) ) induced EGFR tyrosine phosphorylation in a manner similar to EGF ( 100 ng / ml ) , or IL 1beta ( 10 ng / ml ) in cultured human keratinocytes . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
This latency is conferred by EGF receptor ( EGFR ) / MAP kinase signalling , which prevents activated Armadillo from inducing apoptosis ; when EGFR signalling naturally ceases , the cells rapidly die . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
The epidermal growth factor receptor ( EGFR ) and its ligands EGF and transforming growth factor alpha ( TGF alpha ) are expressed in the anterior pituitary , and overexpression of TGF alpha in the lactotrope cells of the pituitary gland in transgenic mice results in lactotrope hyperplasia and adenomata , suggesting a role for EGFR signaling in pituitary cell proliferation . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
To investigate the effects of the autocrine loop of epidermal growth factor receptor ( EGFR ) epidermal growth factor ( EGF ) / transforming growth factor alpha ( TGF alpha ) on the proliferation and differentiation of malignant rhabdoid tumor ( MRT ) , we used five MRT cell lines , TM 87 16 , STM 91 01 , TTC 549 , TTC 642 , and YAM RTK 1 . ^^^ Expression of EGF , TGF alpha , and EGFR as determined by immunocytochemical staining and in situ hybridization , correlated with the results of RT PCR . ^^^ To confirm the EGFR EGF / TGF alpha autocrine loop , we used TGF alpha , EGF , and their antibodies in the cultures . ^^^ Our findings would suggest that growth of the TTC 549 cell line is constitutionally regulated by TGF alpha / EGFR , but that inhibition of this autocrine mechanism results in transient activation of an autocrine loop involving EGF / EGFR . ^^^ Our results may indicate the presence of two different autocrine loops of EGFR EGF and / or EGFR TGF alpha in MRT cell lines . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
In this study the expression of epidermal growth factor ( EGF ) , epidermal growth factor receptor ( EGF R ) , transforming growth factor beta ( TGF beta ) , c myc , and p 53 mRNAs was determined in 14 thyroid tissue samples : 6 from patients with thyroid peroxidase ( TPO ) gene mutations , 4 with thyroglobulin ( Tg ) gene defects and 4 normal thyroid tissues . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
NA
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
NA
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
PD 98059 also blocked EGF stimulated DNA synthesis but not IL 4R alpha mRNA levels , while antibody to the EGF receptor ( erbB 1 ) blocked both EGF effects . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
The ErbB family of receptors , which includes the epidermal growth factor receptor ( EGFR ) , ErbB 2 , ErbB 3 , and ErbB 4 , mediate signaling by EGF like polypeptides . ^^^ EGF was found to activate the pro survival protein kinase Akt in stable cell lines expressing K721M and ErbB 2 but , unlike cells expressing wild type EGFR , was incapable of activating signal transducers and activators of transcription ( STAT ) or driving cell proliferation . ^^^ K721M alone exhibited no detectable signaling capacity , whereas coexpression of K721M with ErbB 2 , but not ErbB 3 or ErbB 4 , resulted in EGF dependent mitogen activated protein kinase ( MAPK ) activation . ^^^ The kinase activity , but not tyrosine phosphorylation , of ErbB 2 was required for EGF induced MAPK activation . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
The effect of changing the ganglioside composition of Chinese hamster ovary K 1 cells on the function of the epidermal growth factor receptor ( EGFr ) was examined by studying the signalling pathway generated after the binding of epidermal growth factor ( EGF ) both in cells depleted of glycosphingolipids by inhibiting glucosylceramide synthase activity and in cell lines expressing different gangliosides as the result of stable transfection of appropriate ganglioside glycosyltransferases . ^^^ After stimulation with EGF , cells depleted of glycolipids showed EGFr phosphorylation and extracellular signal regulated protein kinase 2 ( ERK 2 ) activity as parental cells expressing GM 3 [ ganglioside nomenclature follows Svennerholm ( 1963 ) J . ^^^ However , cells stably transfected with CMP NeuAc : GM 3 sialyltransferase and expressing GD 3 at the cell surface showed both decreased EGFr phosphorylation and ERK 2 activation after stimulation with EGF . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
In cultured hepatocytes from control rats , EGF rapidly induced association between EGFR and G ( alphai 2 ) but not other G ( alphai ) isoforms . ^^^ In hepatocytes from rats fed alcohol for 16 weeks , EGF failed to stimulate this association of G ( alphai 2 ) with the EGFR . ^^^ Pertussis toxin , an inhibitor of G ( alphai ) function , produced an analogous disruption of the association between G ( alphai 2 ) and the EGFR , as well as inhibiting EGF induced DNA synthesis . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
NA
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
NA
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
NA
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
NA
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Epidermal growth factor ( EGF ) has widespread growth effects , and in some tissues proliferation is associated with the nuclear localization of EGF and epidermal growth factor receptor ( EGFR ) . ^^^ We have therefore studied the occurrence and cellular distribution of EGF and EGFR in normal thyroid , in Graves ' disease , where growth is mediated through the thyrotropin receptor ( TSHR ) , and in a variety of human thyroid tumors . ^^^ In the normal gland the staining was variable , but largely cytoplasmic , for both EGF and EGFR . ^^^ In Graves ' disease there was strong cytoplasmic staining for both EGF and EGFR , with frequent positive nuclei . ^^^ Nuclear positivity for EGF and particularly for EGFR was also a feature of both follicular adenomas and follicular carcinomas . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
In COS 7 cells , alpha ( 2A ) adrenergic receptors ( ARs ) stimulate ERK phosphorylation via two distinct pathways , a transactivation pathway that involves the release of HB EGF and the EGFR and an alternate pathway that is independent of both HB EGF and the EGFR . ^^^ The acceptor cell response is sensitive to inhibitors of both the EGFR and HB EGF , indicating that it results from the release of HB EGF from the alpha ( 2A ) AR expressing donor cells . ^^^ Experiments with various chemical inhibitors and dominant inhibitory mutants demonstrate that EGFR dependent activation of the ERK cascade after alpha ( 2A ) AR stimulation requires Gbetagamma subunits upstream and dynamin dependent endocytosis downstream of HB EGF shedding and EGFR activation , whereas Src kinase activity is required both for the release of HB EGF and for HB EGF mediated ERK 2 phosphorylation . . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
The biological function of EGF is exerted by the binding of EGF to the receptor ( EGFR ) and its activation . ^^^ Therefore , we immunohistochemically localized the activated form of EGFR in human eccrine and apocrine sweat glands to assess the functional importance of the EGF EGFR system in human sweat glands . ^^^ These data suggest that EGF , already known to be present in the cytoplasm of secretory cells in eccrine and apocrine sweat glands , activates EGFR in the nuclei of secretory cells themselves in an intracrine manner . ^^^ Because ductal cells do not express EGF , EGF in the sweat secreted from the secretory cells should activate EGFR in the ductal cells in a paracrine manner . ( J Histochem Cytochem 49 : 597 601 , 2001 ) . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
We recently reported that the EGF receptor ( EGFR ) signalling pathway is activated by lipid peroxidation products ( among them 4 hydroxynonenal , 4 HNE ) contained in oxLDL . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
NA
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
We hypothesized that TCDD mediated inhibition of apoptosis was due to its ability to stimulate the EGF receptor ( EGFR ) pathway . ^^^ Indeed , in the present studies , the EGFR inhibitor AG 1478 was able to prevent TCDD , EGF , and transforming growth factor alpha ( TGF alpha ) dependent cell recovery and inhibition of apoptosis . ^^^ These effects were dependent on EGFR activity because AG 1478 , but not AG 825 , was able to prevent EGF , TGF alpha , or TCDD mediated Akt and extracellular signal regulated kinase 1 , 2 phosphorylation . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Treatment of cells with EGF ( ErbB 1 specific ) or heregulin ( ErbB 4 specific ) resulted in a hierarchic transactivations of ErbB 2 and ErbB 3 dependent on GF binding specificity . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
We previously have demonstrated that increased M calpain activity downstream of epidermal growth factor receptor ( EGFR ) mediated ERK activation is necessary for epidermal growth factor ( EGF ) induced motility . ^^^ These data strongly suggest that EGF induced calpain activity can be enhanced near sites of membrane proximal EGFR mediated ERK signaling , providing insights about how calpain activity might be regulated and targeted to enhance its effects on adhesion related substrates . . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
We have investigated the contribution of these distinct p 185 ( c neu ) extracellular subdomains to p185 / epidermal growth factor receptor ( EGFR ) heteromer formation and EGF induced heteromeric signaling . ^^^ We also demonstrated that subdomain 4 reduced the heteromeric signaling and transforming activities induced by EGF after associating with EGFR . ^^^ When 126 aa were deleted from subdomain 4 , this small subdomain 4 derived fragment could still lead to heterodimers with EGFR and suppress EGF induced mitogen activated protein kinase activation and subsequent transformation abilities . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
METHOD : Preparation of hybrid cell producing anti EGFR monoclonal antibody using EGF receptors partially purified from A 431 cells as immunogen . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Because progression of prostate cancer is accompanied by altered expression of epidermal growth factor ( EGF ) and its receptor ( EGFR ) in malignant cells , we investigated the effect of EGF on VEGF gene expression by Northern blot analysis in 2 human prostate cancer cell lines that express EGFR . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
The EGF like peptides , with the exception of proteins of the EGF CFC subfamily , bind and activate tyrosine kinase receptors that belong to the erbB family . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Various growth factors and their receptors , such as transforming growth factor alpha ( TGF alpha ) , heparin binding epidermal growth factor like growth factor ( HB EGF ) , TGF beta 2 , TG beta 3 , insulin like growth factor ( IGF ) 1 and 2 , vascular endothelial growth factor ( VEGF ) , EGF receptor ( EGFR ) , erb B 4 , TGF betaRI and 2 , Flt and Flk 1 and IGF receptor Ibeta , were found in epithelial cells and / or in some lymphoid cells . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
NA
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
When clathrin dependent endocytosis is inhibited in HeLa cells by overexpression of a K44A ( Lys ( 44 ) > Ala ) mutant of the GTPase dynamin , high affinity binding of epidermal growth factor ( EGF ) to the EGF receptor ( EGFR ) is disrupted [ Ringerike , Stang , Johannessen , Sandnes , Levy and Madshus ( 1998 ) J . ^^^ The effect of [ K44A ] dynamin on EGF binding was not due to altered phosphorylation of the EGFR , suggesting that the activated kinase is responsible for phosphorylation of a substrate other than EGFR . ^^^ Neither SSP nor the phorbol ester PMA , which disrupts high affinity EGF EGFR interaction , had any effect on the EGFR homo or hetero dimerization . ^^^ Furthermore , the EGF induced tyrosine phosphorylation of ErbB 2 was not affected by overexpression of [ K44A ] dynamin , implying that EGFR ErbB 2 dimers were fully functional . ^^^ Our results strongly suggest that high affinity binding of EGF and EGFR ErbB 2 heterodimerization are regulated by different mechanisms . . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Molecular modeling of silibinin showed that it is a highly lipophilic compound , suggesting that it interacts with lipid rich plasma membrane , including binding with erbB 1 , thereby competing with the EGF erbB 1 interaction . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
SHIP 2 was coimmunoprecipitated with the EGF receptor ( EGFR ) and also with the adaptor protein Shc . ^^^ The Src homology 2 domain of SHIP 2 was unable to precipitate the EGFR in EGF stimulated cells . ^^^ When the His tagged full length enzyme was expressed in COS 7 cells and stained with anti His 6 monoclonal antibody , a signal was observed at plasma membranes in EGF stimulated cells that colocalize with the EGFR by double staining . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
MR 1 is specific for the novel fusion junction of the mutant epidermal growth factor receptor EGFRvIII and has been reported to have a high degree of specificity for the mutant EGFRvIII over the wild type EGF receptor . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
We investigated the involvement of EGF receptor ( EGFR ) tyrosine kinase ( TK ) activity in the antiapoptotic effect of EGF on primary mouse hepatocyte cultures . ^^^ This leads us to postulate that EGF exerts its antiapoptotic action partially through the TK activity of EGFR . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
In this paper we provide evidence that the transactivation of the EGF receptor ( EGFR ) by PDGFR is essential for PDGF to activate p 21 activated kinase ( PAK ) family kinases . ^^^ The activation of PAK was completely inhibited by either PDGFR specific inhibitor ( AG 1295 ) or EGFR specific inhibitor ( AG 1478 ) , suggesting that serum requires either the PDGF or EGF dependent pathway or the combination of both to activate PAK . ^^^ The platelet derived growth factor ( PDGF ) receptor ( PDGFR ) transactivates the epidermal growth factor ( EGF ) receptor ( ErbB 1 ) to stimulate the cell migration of fibroblasts through an unknown mechanism ( Li , J . , Kim , Y . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Upregulated epidermal growth factor ( EGF ) receptor ( EGFR ) expression and EGFR induced signaling have been correlated with progression to invasion and metastasis in a wide variety of carcinomas , but the mechanism behind this is not well understood . ^^^ We show here that , in various human carcinoma cells that overexpress EGFR , EGF treatment induced rapid tyrosine dephosphorylation of focal adhesion kinase ( FAK ) associated with downregulation of its kinase activity . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
We found that both granulosa and theca layers of chicken preovulatory follicles expressed mRNA for EGF receptor ( EGFr ) by polymerase chain reaction ( PCR ) analysis . ^^^ We further demonstrated that EGF decreased LHr mRNA expression by granulosa cells in a dose dependent manner , whereas EGF and LH had no effect on EGFr mRNA expression except at one dose of LH ( 15 ng / ml ) that stimulated EGFr mRNA expression . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Molecular cloning of the partial cDNA coding sequences of the four erbB receptors and the epidermal growth factor ( EGF ) like ligands EGF , transforming growth factor alpha ( TGF ) , and heparin binding EGF ( HB EGF ) has provided the basis for a comprehensive analysis of the spatiotemporal expression pattern of the EGF receptor / ligand system during the peri implantation period in the rabbit . ^^^ At the site of implantation , uterine luminal epithelial cells apposing the preimplantation blastocyst displayed a distinct membrane immunolocalization of ErbB 2 , identifying the uterine epithelium as target for EGF , TGFalpha , and HB EGF derived from both the embryonic trophectoderm and the uterine epithelium . ^^^ The detection of tyrosine phosphorylated ErbB 2 in the rabbit placenta indicated the presence of a functional ErbB / EGF like system in the pregnant rabbit uterus . ^^^ This study provides strong evidence for a role of the ErbB / EGF like system in embryo / maternal interactions during the peri implantation period in the rabbit . . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
We show that a substantial fraction of tyrosine phosphorylated epidermal growth factor receptor ( EGFR ) and Shc , Grb 2 and Cbl after internalization relocates from early endosomes to compartments which are negative for the early endosomes , recycling vesicle markers EEA 1 and transferrin in EGF stimulated cells . ^^^ Treatment with the weak base chloroquine or inhibitors of lysosomal enzymes after EGF stimulation induced an accumulation of tyrosine phosphorylated EGFR and Shc in EEA 1 negative and CD 63 positive vesicles after a 120 min chase period . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
The present study aimed to confirm the hypothesis that EGF / epidermal growth factor receptor ( EGFR ) was related with the E cadherin adhesion system in cervical cancer cells and that EGF might induce tyrosine phosphorylation of beta and gamma catenin . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Epidermal growth factor ( EGF ) induced Cbl b degradation requires intact RING finger and tyrosine kinase binding domains and requires binding of the Cbl b protein to the activated EGF receptor ( EGFR ) . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
ErbB receptor tyrosine kinases are activated by multiple ligands such as epidermal growth factor ( EGF ) and neuregulins ( NRGs ) , leading to stimulation of intracellular signaling pathways , including the mitogen activated protein kinase ( MAPK ) cascade . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
BACKGROUND : Both EGF family ligands and ErbB family receptor kinases act upstream of RAS to induce mitogenesis of normal cells , such as NIH 3T3 fibroblasts . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Human carcinomas frequently express high levels of receptors in the EGF receptor family , and overexpression of at least two of these receptors , the EGF receptor ( EGFr ) and closely related ErbB 2 , has been associated with a more aggressive clinical behavior . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Expression of individual EGF receptor ( EGFR ) and ErbB 2 , ErbB 3 , or ErbB 4 receptors was detected in 72 . 2 , 44 . 5 , 56 . 3 , and 29 . 8 % of bladder cancer cases , respectively . ^^^ In vitro experiments have demonstrated that epidermal growth factor ( EGF ) related peptides activate distinct subsets of ErbB receptors and differ in their biological activities . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Indeed , we found that estrogen depleted breast cancer cells are more sensitive to the mitogenic effects of EGF and TGF alpha , and simultaneous blockade of both estrogen and EGFR signaling pathways induced cell death . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
RESULTS : The following substances were present in posterior and anterior capsular fibrosis of after cataract : EGF , EGF R , FGF , FGF R , TGF beta , TGF beta RII , IGF 2 , PDGF AB , IL 6 , IL 1RII , TNF alpha , PGE 2 , PAI 1 , alpha SMA , keratin , fibronectin , laminin , Type 1 col , Type 2 to 6 col and LECs . ^^^ The following substances were present in cataractous lens epithelium prior to cataract surgery : EGF , EGF R , FGF , FGF R , TGF beta RII , IL 1 RII , TNF alpha , PAI 1 , keratin , laminin and LECs . ^^^ The following substances were present in the lens epithelium of anterior capsules collected at the time of cataract surgery : EGF , EGF R , FGF , FGF R , TGF beta , TGF beta RII , IGF 2 , IL 6 , IL 1 RII , TNF alpha , PGE 2 , keratin , fibronectin , laminin , Type 4 Col and LECs . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
We studied the chemosensitivity to various anticancer agents of human cervical squamous carcinoma ME 180 cells , and two resistant subclones , ME180 / TNF and ME180 / Pt , which also differ in their EGF receptor ( EGFR ) expression . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
The results demonstrate that EGF induced downregulation of ATM ( mutant ) protein in A T cells is defective and this appears to be due to less efficient EGFR activation and abnormal Sp 1 regulation . . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
In this study we have produced a truncated form of the hEGFR ectodomain comprising residues 1 501 ( sEGFR 501 ) , which , unlike the full length hEGFR ectodomain ( residues 1 621 , sEGFR 621 ) , binds hEGF and hTGF alpha with high affinity ( K ( D ) = 13 21 and 35 40 nM , respectively ) . sEGFR 501 was a competitive inhibitor of EGF stimulated mitogenesis , being almost 10 fold more effective than the full length EGFR ectodomain and three times more potent than the neutralizing anti EGFR monoclonal antibody Mab 528 . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Herein , we describe a new class of ligand for the epidermal growth factor ( EGF ) receptor ( EGFR ) found within the EGF like repeats of tenascin C , an antiadhesive matrix component present during organogenesis , development , and wound repair . ^^^ Select EGF like repeats of tenascin C elicited mitogenesis and EGFR autophosphorylation in an EGFR dependent manner . ^^^ Micromolar concentrations of EGF like repeats induced EGFR autophosphorylation and activated extracellular signal regulated , mitogen activated protein kinase to levels comparable to those induced by subsaturating levels of known EGFR ligands . ^^^ Specific binding to EGFR was further established by immunofluorescence detection of EGF like repeats bound to cells and cross linking of EGFR with the repeats . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Several inhibitors of EGF receptor ( EGFR ) tyrosine kinase activity have been developed that compete with ATP at its binding site such as the quinazolines PD 153035 and ZD 1839 or the 4 , 5 dianilino phthalimides DAPH 1 and DAPH 2 . ^^^ Quinazoline treated A 431 as well as tumor cells expressing less EGFR ( A 549 , MDA MB 231 , and T47D ) bound 3 to 6 fold more ( 125 ) 1 labeled EGF than untreated intact control cells . ^^^ Cross linking of EGFR on PD 153035 treated A 431 cells indicated the formation of inactive dimers that further increased upon addition of EGF . ^^^ Chemical cross linking of ( 125 ) 1 labeled EGF to PD 153035 treated A 431 cells revealed increased binding to monomeric and dimeric EGFR . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Biochem . 268 , 25 34 ] , epidermal growth factor ( EGF ) gave rise to transient tyrosine phosphorylation of insulin receptor substrates ( IRS 1 and IRS 2 ) , thereby activating the bound phosphatidylinositol 3 kinase in human epidermoid carcinoma A 431 cells normally abundant in EGF receptors ( EGFR ) and Chinese hamster ovary ( CHO ) cells transfected with full length EGFR . ^^^ These actions of EGF , although much smaller in magnitude than those of insulin or IGF 1 in the same cells , were accompanied by tyrosine phosphorylation of EGFR rather than insulin or IGF 1 receptors , never observed in wild type CHO cells expressing no EGFR , and totally inhibited by an inhibitor of EGFR kinase , AG 1478 , that was without effect on insulin or IGF 1 actions . ^^^ When CHO cells were transfected with C terminal truncated EGFR lacking three NPXY motifs responsible for direct binding to phosphotyrosine binding domains of IRSs , no effect of EGF could be observed . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
To gain better understanding of the molecular alterations responsible for the aggressive growth potential of epidermal growth factor receptor ( EGFR ) positive breast cancers , we utilized an expression cloning strategy to seek gene products that mediate the EGF independent growth of human breast cancer cells . ^^^ This EGFR ligand was able to confer EGF independence when transduced into HME cells . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
The interaction of the activated epidermal growth factor ( EGF ) receptor ( EGFR ) with the Src homology 2 ( SH 2 ) domain of Grb 2 ( growth factor receptor bound protein 2 ) initiates signalling through Ras and mitogen activated protein kinase . ^^^ Stimulation by EGF resulted in the recruitment of Grb 2 YFP and YFP Shc to cellular compartments that contained EGFR CFP , and a large increase in the FRET signal . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
The identification of a fucose modification on human CR within its EGF like domain and the presence of a consensus fucosylation site within all EGF CFC family members suggest that this is a biologically important modification in CR , which functionally distinguishes it from the EGF ligands that bind the type 1 erbB growth factor receptors . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
RESULTS : After stimulation with EGF BT 474 , but not SK BR 3 , cells formed EGFR / c erbB 2 receptor complexes . ^^^ In contrast , the concurrent activation of MAPK and PKB / Akt by EGF treatment led to an inhibition of proliferation in SK BR 3 and can be attributed to missing EGFR / c erbB 2 heterodimers . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
The gene expression of PDGF , PDGFR and EGFR reached peaks on PBD 1 and the gene expression of EGF and TGF beta R 2 were highest on PBD 3 . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
We examined the role of epidermal growth factor ( EGF ) receptor ( EGFR ) tyrosine kinase activation in G protein coupled receptor ( GPCR ) agonist induced mitogenesis in Swiss 3T3 and Rat 1 cells . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Aldosterone is a risk factor for stroke , and the literature suggests it may play a role in increasing the expression of the receptor for EGF ( EGFR ) . ^^^ Expression of EGF and EGFR mRNA was higher in cerebral vessels and aorta from adult SHRSP compared with Wistar Kyoto rats . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
While most mammalian cell lines can not survive the shear forces associated with turbulent stopped flow mixing , we determined that a murine hematopoietic precursor cell line , 32D , is capable of surviving rapid mixing using flow rates as great as 4 . 0 mL / s , allowing rapid processes to be quantitated with dead times as short as 10 ms . 32D cells do not express any endogenous epidermal growth factor ( EGF ) receptor or other ErbB family members and were used to establish monoclonal cell lines stably expressing the EGF receptor . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
The expression of epidermal growth factor receptor ( EGFR ) and epidermal growth factor ( EGF ) induced EGFR tyrosine phosphorylation were lower in drug resistant SKNSH cells than their wild type counterparts . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Three dorsoventral domains are defined by EGF receptor ( EGFR ) signaling , while stripes located at the anterior and posterior edges of the placode depend on wingless signaling . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Furthermore , treatment of SMG rudiments with the hydroxamate based metalloproteinase inhibitor OSU 8 1 , which inhibits processing of EGFR ligands including HB EGF , markedly diminished the growth factor activity in conditioned media and resulted in almost complete inhibition of SMG morphogenesis . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
The aim of the present study was to establish : that EGF influences oocyte maturation in ovine and equine , that a tyrosine kinase dependent intracellular mechanism mediates EGF effect and , that EGF R receptor is detectable in ovarian follicles by immunohistochemistry methods . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
The aim of the present study is to determine whether EGF receptors ( EGFR ) are present in the gut epithelium of preterm infants , and to discover whether neonatal necrotising enterocolitis ( NEC ) is associated with the absence of EGFR from mucosal cells . ^^^ The presence of EGFR in gut epithelial cells raises the possibility of using EGF for prophylaxis or treatment of NEC . . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Drosophila Spitz is a homolog of transforming growth factor alpha ( TGF alpha ) and is an activating ligand for the EGF receptor ( Egfr ) . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
To evaluate mechanisms of cell proliferation in the fetal female rat reproductive tract , diethylstilbestrol ( DES ) effects on cell division and estrogen receptor ( ER ) , epidermal growth factor ( EGF ) and EGF receptor ( EGF R ) expressions were determined from gestational day ( GD ) 15 . 5 to 21 . 5 . ^^^ Competitive RT PCR indicated DES also decreased mRNAs for EGF , ERbeta 1 and ERbeta 2 , but not ERalpha and EGF R . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Six out of 11 human pancreatic cancer cell lines expressed all four epidermal growth factor ( EGF ) receptor family members ( HER 1 ( EGF R ) , HER 2 , HER 3 , and HER 4 ) , including Panc 89 cells . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Here we address the possibility that TGFalpha expression is not specific to pathological situations but may participate to the embryonic development of motoneurons . mRNA of TGFalpha and its receptor , the EGF receptor ( EGFR ) , were detected by ribonuclease protection assay in the ventral part of the cervical spinal cord from embryonic day 12 ( E 12 ) until adult ages . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Effect of an EGF R selective tyrosine kinase inhibitor and an anti androgen on LNCaP cells : identification of divergent growth regulatory pathways . ^^^ BACKGROUND : The effect of an EGF R selective tyrosine kinase ( EGF RTK ) quinazoline inhibitor ZM 252868 was determined on the androgen sensitive human prostatic tumour cell line LNCaP , which can also respond via the EGF R regulated growth pathway for cell proliferation . ^^^ The effect of the inhibitor on the expression of androgen receptor , EGF R and activated MAPK was assessed immunocytochemically and changes in the MAPK signalling cascade were also determined using Western blotting techniques . ^^^ The inhibitor ( 1 microM ) decreased the expression of immunoreactive EGF R but had no effect on androgen receptor levels . ^^^ The anti androgen Casodex reduced 5alpha DHT stimulated cell growth but had no effect on EGF R mediated LNCaP growth or EGF stimulated activated MAPK activity . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
NA
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
The aims of the present study were to compare the gastroduodenal mucosal levels of epidermal growth factor ( EGF ) and its receptor ( EGFR ) among H . pylori negative controls and H . pylori infected patients with chronic active gastritis or gastroduodenal ulcer before and after H . pylori eradication . ^^^ RESULTS : Mucosal injury and H . pylori infection increased EGF protein levels and EGFR mRNA expression in the antral mucosa . ^^^ CONCLUSIONS : Mucosal damage increased the expression of EGF protein and EGFR mRNA in the gastric mucosa . ^^^ H . pylori could induce the expression of EGFR but not the EGF in the antral mucosa . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Epidermal growth factor ( EGF ) and estradiol ( E 2 ) are important mitogens in breast epithelial cells , and expression of epidermal growth factor receptor ( EGFR ) and estrogen receptor ( ER ) is often inversely correlated in human breast cancer cells . ^^^ Moreover , we found that EGF induced signalling also could be reduced by E 2 in S3B cells , suggesting a general mechanism of action by E 2 in cells concomitantly expressing ER and EGFR . . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
We show here that the adhesion complex formed in normal human mammary epithelial ( HME ) cells which adhered to type 4 collagen , involved the EGF receptor ( EGFR ) and phospholipase Cgamma ( PLCgamma ) as signaling molecules , in addition to integrin beta 1 , alpha actinin , and actin even before stimulation of the cells with EGF . ^^^ Stimulation of cells with EGF induced tyrosine phosphorylation of EGFR and activation of PLCgamma , as assessed by the production of a second messenger diacylglycerol ( DAG ) , without any significant increase in the amount of EGFR bound PLCgamma . ^^^ Stimulation of CD or ML 7 treated cells with EGF failed to inhibit tyrosine phosphorylation of EGFR and its association and colocalization with PLCgamma , but inhibited the PLCgamma activation . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
This study stems from our results showing that L 15 of epidermal growth factor ( EGF ) is important in both EGF receptor ( EGFR ) binding and activation , and the L15A analog of human EGF ( hEGF ) partially uncouples EGFR binding from EGFR activation ( Nandagopal et al . , [ 1996 ] Protein Engng 9 : 781 788 ) . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
AstraZeneca is developing ZD 1839 , an inhibitor of epidermal growth factor receptor 1 ( EGFR 1 ) tyrosine kinase , for potential treatment of cancers which overexpress EGF receptors , including non small cell lung cancer ( NSCLC ) and pancreatic cancer [ 196279 ] , [ 270898 ] . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
The aim of the present study was to establish : that EGF influences oocyte maturation in ovine and equine , that a tyrosine kinase dependent intracellular mechanism mediates EGF effect and , that EGF R receptor is detectable in ovarian follicles by immunohistochemistry methods . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Angiotensin 2 ( Ang 2 ) induces transactivation of the epidermal growth factor ( EGF ) receptor ( EGF R ) , which serves as a scaffold for various signaling molecules in vascular smooth muscle cells ( VSMCs ) . ^^^ Here we show that cholesterol depletion by beta cyclodextrin disrupts caveolae structure and concomitantly inhibits tyrosine phosphorylation of the EGF R and subsequent activation of protein kinase B ( PKB ) / Akt induced by angiotensin 2 . ^^^ In contrast , EGF R autophosphorylation and activation of Akt / PKB in response to EGF are not affected by cholesterol depletion . ^^^ The early Ang 2 induced upstream signaling events responsible for transactivation of the EGF R , such as the intracellular Ca ( 2+ ) increase and c Src activation , also remain intact . ^^^ The EGF R initially binds caveolin , but these two proteins rapidly dissociate following angiotensin 2 stimulation during the time when EGF R transactivation is observed . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Moreover , we showed that all these TGF beta 1 mediated signaling events , including tubular network formation , were suppressed by incubating TGF beta 1 stimulated endothelial cells with a soluble form of an EGF receptor ( ErbB 1 ) or tyrphostin AG 1478 , a specific blocker of EGF receptor tyrosine kinase . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
AIMS : To assess the interrelations of epidermal growth factor ( EGF ) , EGF receptor ( EGFR ) , and cyclin D 1 in human pancreatic carcinoma . ^^^ We performed immunohistochemical analysis on 61 adenocarcinoma tissues for the expression of EGF , EGFR , and cyclin D 1 and demonstrated an overexpression in the tumor cells in 51 % , 54 % , and 62 . 3 % , respectively , whereas normal human pancreas stained negative for all of the three factors . ^^^ Interestingly , EGF and EGFR expression correlated significantly with the cyclin D 1 expression in human pancreatic tumor cells ( p < 0 . 001 and p < 0 . 01 , respectively ) . ^^^ CONCLUSION : These results demonstrate that cyclin D 1 overexpression in the tumor cells of pancreatic carcinoma tissue is at least partly dependent on the mitogenic effects of EGF signaling through the EGFR . . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
The use of a neutralizing antibody for heparin binding EGF , one of the ligands of EGFR , blocked TPA induced phosphorylation of ERKs . ^^^ BB 94 , a potent inhibitor of matrix metalloproteinases , which are activators of ectodomain shedding of EGFR ligands , also blocked TPA induced ERK activity , AP 1 DNA binding , and cell transformation but had no effect on EGF induced signal transduction . ^^^ Anti EGFR , anti heparin binding EGF , and BB 94 each blocked TPA induced EGFR phosphorylation , but only anti EGFR could block EGF induced EGFR phosphorylation . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
We found that EGF stimulation and EGFR oncoprotein ( DeltaEGFR ) expression independently induced the co immunoprecipitation of the p 85 subunit of PI3K with SHP 2 . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Thus , enhancement of TF mRNA and protein levels in the HESCs required co incubation with a progestin ( MPA ) and an EGFR agonist such as EGF or TGF alpha . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
These growth factors , most notably EGF , trigger epithelial cell proliferation via signal transduction pathways involving EGF R MAP ( Erk1 / Erk2 ) kinases . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
One group of growth factors , comprising epidermal growth factor ( EGF ) like proteins and neuregulins , stimulates cells to divide by activating members of the EGF receptor ( EGFR ) family , which consists of the EGFR itself and the receptors known as HER 2 4 . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
EGF induced filapodia extension was inhibited by co exposure to transforming growth factor beta , which did not affect tyrosine phosphorylation of the EGF receptor ( EGFR ) . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
To determine whether these Ras 1 Enhancers function upstream or downstream of the Egf receptor , four mutations were tested for their ability to suppress an activated Egfr construct ( lambdatop ) expressed in oogenesis exclusively in the follicle cells . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
In vitro studies on CO K 3 cell line , obtained from an EGFR positive , COX 2 negative poorly differentiated laryngeal SCC , revealed that EGF stimulation failed to induce COX 2 expression and PGE 2 production suggesting a change in EGFR signaling pathway . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
The expression of epidermal growth factor ( EGF ) , epidermal growth factor receptor ( EGFR ) , transforming growth factor alpha ( TGF alpha ) , and of c erbB 2 was immunohistochemically investigated in resected gastric carcinoma ( in 39 cases of superspreading type and in 11 cases of penetrating type ) , to understand the differential biological features of these two types of gastric carcinoma . ^^^ EGF , EGFR and c erbB 2 positive cases were preferentially found in penetrating type rather than in superspreading type ( p < 0 . 05 , p < 0 . 01 , and p < 0 . 05 , respectively ) . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Prior to and 1 day after ligation , there was a higher level of EGF R mRNA in DRGs and in nerve in TGF alpha null mice compared to wild types , and there was an induction of ligand amphiregulin mRNA in DRGs in mutant mice in place of the TGF alpha upregulation present in wild types . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Therefore , although exogenous EGF has no effect on DNA synthesis beyond that induced by autocrine TGF alpha ( at subsaturating levels of EGFr occupation ) exogenous growth factor does induce integrin alpha 2 expression , cell adhesion , and micromotion . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
EGF R signaling through Fyn kinase disrupts the function of integrin alpha6beta4 at hemidesmosomes : role in epithelial cell migration and carcinoma invasion . ^^^ Our findings indicate that a fraction of EGF receptor ( EGF R ) combines with the hemidesmosomal integrin alpha6beta4 in both normal and neoplastic keratinocytes . ^^^ Activation of the EGF R causes tyrosine phosphorylation of the beta 4 cytoplasmic domain and disruption of hemidesmosomes . ^^^ The Src family kinase inhibitors PP 1 and PP 2 prevent tyrosine phosphorylation of beta 4 and disassembly of hemidesmosomes without interfering with the activation of EGF R . ^^^ These observations suggest that the EGF R causes disassembly of hemidesmosomes by activating Fyn , which in turn phosphorylates the beta 4 cytoplasmic domain . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
To further explore the interaction between the polyamine pathway and EGF / HER 2neu signalling in this system , we inhibited endogenous ODC activity with alpha difluoromethylornithine ( DFMO ) and assessed the effects of this blockade on the expression of EGF receptors ( EGFR ) and HER 2neu as well as activation of downstream EGF target genes . ^^^ We found that DFMO administration to MCF 10A cells increased EGF R mRNA and protein levels in a dose response fashion , while HER 2neu expression was not affected . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Treatment with purified L EGF substantially enhanced axonal regeneration of all three types of neurons , an effect inhibited by submicromolar doses of PD 153035 , a specific EGF receptor ( EGFR ) tyrosine kinase inhibitor . ^^^ In addition , PD 153035 and K252a , a nonspecific kinase inhibitor , also reduced the degree of axonal regeneration that occurs without L EGF supplementation , indicating that L EGF or other EGFR ligands synthesized in the CNS participate in the regenerative response . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
In the present study , the influence of estrogen on the expression and bioactivity of the EGF receptor ( EGF R ) system was investigated in pigs . ^^^ Oviducal EGF R mRNA was found to be increased after estradiol treatment with concurrent increases in EGF R protein . ^^^ However , in endometrial tissue of estradiol substituted ovariectomized pigs , the receptor transcript was significantly reduced , indicating a different regulation of EGF R transcription within the endometrium . ^^^ The bioactivity of the EGF R , analysed by tyrosine kinase assays , was preserved throughout experiments in the porcine oviduct and endometrium without obvious changes caused by the steroids . ^^^ The cell specific influence of progesterone during regulation of the EGF R expression in the endometrium requires further investigation . . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
An internally controlled pair of peptides containing the transmembrane portion of the human epidermal growth factor ( EGF ) receptor ( ErbB 1 ) was examined in fluid , fully hydrated lipid bilayers by wide line 2H NMR for insight into the physical basis of this effect . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Several approaches have been developed to achieve EGFR blockade as an anticancer treatment strategy , including an anti EGFR monoclonal antibody ( mAb ) , IMC C 225 , which competitively binds to the extracellular receptor site to prevent binding by natural EGFR ligands ( EGF and TGF alpha ) . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
We reported previously that normal Huntingtin is associated with epidermal growth factor receptor ( EGF ) signaling complex ( Liu , Y . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Demonstration of TGF alpha EGFR and EGF EGFR autocrine loops and their relation to proliferation in complete hydatidiform moles ( CHM ) . ^^^ In this study , we have immunohistochemically evaluated the expression of epidermal growth factor ( EGF ) and transforming growth factor alpha ( TGF alpha ) along with their receptor , epidermal growth factor receptor ( EGFR ) , and we have related them to the proliferative activity in normal placenta and CHM using the expression of proliferating cell nuclear antigen ( PCNA ) as the marker of proliferation . ^^^ The results suggest activation of both EGF EGFR and TGF alpha EGFR autocrine pathways in both types of tissues , with a predominance of the TGF alpha EGFR autocrine pathway in CHM . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
We studied the roles of HB EGF and endothelial growth factor ( EGF ) receptor ( EGFR ) in Ang 2 induced FN expression using mesangial cells . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
In addition , the expression of TGFalpha , EGF and EGFR are also decreased in the double transgenic strain , suggesting that continuous estrogen presence in the tissue due to aromatase overexpression downregulates the expression of EGFR and its ligands . . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
The human papillomavirus type 16 ( HPV 16 ) E 5 protein associates with the epidermal growth factor receptor ( EGFR ) and enhances the activation of the EGFR after stimulation by EGF in human keratinocytes . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Activation of ErbB1 / EGFR is mainly triggered by epidermal growth factor ( EGF ) and other related ligands , while activation of ErbB 2 , ErbB 3 , and ErbB 4 receptors occurs by binding to another set of EGF like ligands termed neuregulins ( NRGs ) . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Consistent with a role in mitogenic signaling , elevated expression of PLD 1 transforms cells overexpressing the epidermal growth factor ( EGF ) receptor ( EGFR ) . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Here we report our investigation of the relationship between EGFR gene amplification and Ln 5 gamma 2 chain expression in seven SCC cell lines , since both epidermal growth factor ( EGF ) signaling and Ln 5 gamma 2 have been reported to be involved in cell motility . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
The effects of LPA treatment of human airway smooth muscle cells on EGF receptor ( EGFR ) regulation have now been investigated . ^^^ LPA treatment for 12 24 h resulted in a twofold increase in ( 125 ) 1 EGF binding and EGFR protein levels as assessed by Western blot analysis . ^^^ The similar requirements for exposure time , LPA concentrations , and cell confluence suggest that EGFR upregulation may be one contributing factor to the synergistic stimulation of mitogenesis seen with LPA plus EGF . . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
In parallel , ZD 1839 blocked autophosphorylation of EGFR and prevented activation of PLC gamma 1 , ERK MAP kinases and PKB / Akt by EGF . ^^^ It also inhibited proliferation in EGFR ( + ) cancer cell lines overexpressing erbB 2 ( SKBr 3 , SKOV 3 , BT 474 ) by between 20 % and 80 % , effects which correlated with inhibition of EGF dependent erbB 2 phosphorylation and activation of ERK MAP kinase and PKB / Akt in SKOV 3 cells . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Our previous studies have shown that human squamous cell carcinoma ( SCC ) lines overexpress EGFR and do not increase proliferation in response to exogenous epidermal growth factor ( EGF ) . ^^^ In support of this hypothesis , overexpression of the EGFR adaptor protein Grb 2 increased cell proliferation and restored EGF induced mitosis . . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
The present study aimed to determine the influence of exogenous epidermal growth factor ( EGF ) on in vitro preimplantation porcine embryo development and its mRNA expression for EGF receptor ( EGFR ) . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Ileal EGF receptor ( EGF R ) , EGF , and transforming growth factor alpha mRNA expression was assessed by RT competitive PCR , and the EGF R was localized by immunohistochemistry . ^^^ Ileal EGF R mRNA expression was markedly increased in the RMS group compared with RMS+EGF . ^^^ Enhanced EGF R expression in the RMS group was localized predominantly in the epithelial cells of injured ileum . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
These data refute our hypothesis and suggest that a change downstream of EGFR is responsible for enabling EGF induced contraction in hypertension . . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
The data presented here demonstrate that , in contrast to activation by the cytokine , growth hormone ( GH ) , the activation of STAT5b by the growth factor , epidermal growth factor ( EGF ) , requires overexpression of the EGF receptor ( EGFR ) . ^^^ We have shown that EGF activates STAT5b not only in a HEK 293 cell model in which the EGFR is stably overexpressed but also in the MDA MB 468 breast cancer cell line . ^^^ Because overexpression of the EGFR is common in many cancers , including advanced breast cancer , characterization of EGF induced STAT5b may have direct implications in therapeutic applications . . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
CONCLUSIONS : Taken together , A 47 blocks E2 / EGF induced activation of EGFR and therefore interferes with the proximal EGFR signaling pathway . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
When EGF is added as an exogenous factor to the medium of cells that express EGF receptor ( EGFR ) but not EGF , cell migration speed increases while directional persistence decreases . ^^^ When these EGFR expressing cells are made to also express via retroviral transfection EGF in protease cleaveable transmembrane form on the plasma membrane , migration speed similarly increases , but directional persistence increases as well . ^^^ If the EGFR expressing cells are instead transduced with a gene encoding EGF in a soluble form , migration speed and directional persistence were unaffected . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
We examined whether EGF receptor ( EGF R ) is involved in ERK activation and whether ERK activation triggers epithelial proliferation in PHT gastric mucosa . ^^^ In gastric mucosa of PHT and sham operated ( SO ) rats we studied : ( 1 ) EGF R mRNA and protein expression as well as phosphorylation and membrane protein tyrosine kinase ( PTK ) activity ; ( 2 ) ERK 2 phosphorylation and activity ; ( 3 ) MKP 1 mRNA and protein ; ( 4 ) c fos , c myc and cyclin D 1 mRNAs , and gastric epithelial proliferation . ^^^ In PHT gastric mucosa : ( 1 ) EGF R mRNA , protein and phosphorylation and membrane PTK activity were all significantly increased by 38 % , 49 % , 43 % and 49 % , respectively ; ( 2 ) ERK 2 phosphorylation and activity were significantly increased by 40 % and 50 % , respectively ; ( 3 ) MKP 1 mRNA and protein expression were significantly increased by 27 % and 34 % , respectively . ^^^ These results suggest that in PHT gastric mucosa , ERK activation is mediated through EGF R upregulation , but the gastric epithelial proliferation is impaired , possibly by MKP 1 overexpression , leading to reduction of c fos , c myc and cyclin D1 . . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
When cells became confluent , they were divided into 6 groups and stimulated with either EGF for 24 hours or Pseudomonas extracts for 12 hours with or without selective EGF R tyrosine kinase inhibitor tyrphostin AG 1478 . ^^^ RESULTS : We found that both EGF and Pseudomonas extracts phosphorylated the tyrosine residue in the EGF receptor from the rat tracheal epithelial cells and this tyrosine phosphorylation was nearly completely blocked by selective EGF R tyrosine kinase inhibitor tyrphostin AG 1478 . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Stimulation of isolated hepatocytes with epidermal growth factor ( EGF ) causes rapid tyrosine phosphorylation of the EGF receptor ( EGFR ) and adapter / target proteins , which was monitored with 1 and 2 s resolution at 37 , 20 , and 4 degrees C . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Binding of H181T8 , which contains HRG beta 1 residues 177 181 , induced rapid autophosphorylation of EGFR , but in contrast to a previously described chimeric ligand based on EGF was unable to activate other ErbB receptors . ^^^ Our results show that modification of the N terminal TGF alpha sequence can have a significant effect on the signaling properties of the ligand and suggest that different EGF like ligands can synergize in the activation of ErbB receptors . . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
CONCLUSION : The expression of EGFR was present in human preimplantation embryos , heparin binding EGF like epidermal growth factor ( HB EGF ) , one of the EGF superfamily members act through the EGFR , EGFR expression may have an important role in human embryos growth , development and implantation . . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Pharmacologic inhibition of the EGFR kinase abolished the proliferative actions of HGF and EGF , but not insulin , whereas PI 3 kinase inhibition blocked both EGF and insulin actions . ^^^ We conclude that in cultured hepatocytes ( 1 ) PI 3 kinase is required for EGF and insulin induced proliferation and ( 2 ) EGFR mediates both the basal rate of DNA synthesis and that induced by EGF and HGF , but not insulin . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
We show that retinoic acid receptor ( RAR ) selective ligands reduce EGFR level and the magnitude and duration of EGFR activation in EGF stimulated cells . ^^^ These results suggest that RAR ligand associated down regulation of EGFR activity reduces cell proliferation by reducing the magnitude and duration of EGF dependent ERK1 / 2 activation . . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Epithelial growth factor receptor ( EGFR ) sends signals to the proliferation signal transduction system , receiving two ligands : epithelial growth factor ( EGF ) and transforming growth factor alpha ( TGF alpha ) . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Caveolin proteins directly interact with signaling molecules including EGF receptor and suppress the activation of EGFR upon EGF stimulation . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Treatment of BT 20 breast cancer cells , which express EGFR , with EGF resulted in rapid ( 5 minutes ) accumulation of EGFR and Raf 1 into plasma membrane associated endocytotic vesicles . ^^^ In SKBR 3 breast cancer cells , which express high levels of EGFR and ErbB 2 , treatment with EGF also resulted in rapid accumulation of EGFR and Raf 1 into endocytotic vesicles , but EGFR endocytosis was inhibited and Raf 1 remained associated with the plasma membrane for a prolonged period . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
The kinase activity of the wild type EGFR was partially activated by EGF in the heterodimer with intracellular domain deletion ( sEGFR ) or ATP binding deficient mutant ( K721A ) EGFRs , while the wild type EGFR in the heterodimer of wild type and phosphate transfer activity deficient mutant receptor D813N could be fully activated . ^^^ After treatment with EGF , the ATP binding affinity and the 5 ( max ) of the wild type EGFR increased . ^^^ A two step activation mechanism for EGFR was proposed : upon binding of EGF , the affinity for ATP increased and then , as a result of interaction between the neighboring tyrosine kinase domain , 5 ( max ) increased . . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
RA effects on epidermal growth factor ( EGF ) induction of EGFR phosphotyrosine levels , cyclin D 1 expression and mitogenesis were examined in BEAS 2B cells . ^^^ This treatment reduced EGF dependent mitogenesis as well as EGFR associated phosphotyrosine levels and cyclin D 1 expression . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
NA
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
As determined by gamma scintillation counting , 4 h after i . c . injection of 99mTc EGF , 0 . 34 % of the injected dose per gram ( % ID / g ) was localized in C6EGFR tumors . which expressed 10 ( 5 ) 10 ( 6 ) EGFR sites per cell , compared to 0 . 07 % ID / g in animals bearing C 6 wildtype gliomas , which do not express EGFR . ^^^ Our study has demonstrated that EGF can be used as a specific targeting agent for EGFR ( + ) rat brain tumors . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Ang 2 increased the association of Pyk 2 with Src and with the epidermal growth factor receptor ( EGF R ) . ^^^ EGF caused much greater tyrosine phosphorylation of the EGF R than Ang 2 and PMA . ^^^ Ang 2 also increased the association of the adaptor protein Grb 2 with the EGF R . ^^^ These findings indicate that Src and Pyk 2 act upstream of the EGF R and that the majority of Ang 2 induced ERK phosphorylation is dependent on trans activation of the EGF R . ^^^ Ang 2 induced ERK activation in C 9 cells is initiated by a PKCdelta dependent but Ca ( 2+ ) independent mechanism and is mediated by the Src / Pyk2 complex through trans activation of the EGF R . . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Consistent with a negative role for c Cbl , here we report that defective Tyr 1045 of EGFR , an inducible c Cbl docking site , enhances the mitogenic response to EGF . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Consistent with the hypothesis that TACE regulates EGF receptor ( EGFR ) ligand availability in vivo , mice heterozygous for Tace and homozygous for an impaired EGFR allele ( wa 2 ) were born with open eyes significantly more often than Tace ( + / + ) Egfr ( wa 2 ) ( / ) ( wa 2 ) counterparts . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
The purpose of this study was to evaluate the expression of EGF receptor ( EGF r ) in frozen sections of CsA induced overgrown gingival tissue using immunohistochemical and semiquantitative techniques . ^^^ Immunohistochemical staining procedures were carried out in frozen sections of gingival tissue and the expression of EGF r was compared between the two study groups . ^^^ The expression of EGF r was more pronounced in the oral gingival epithelium of CsA induced overgrown gingiva as compared to those of the clinically healthy gingival specimens . ^^^ In conclusion , the results of the present study may suggest that CsA affects EGF r metabolism in gingival keratinocytes resulting in an increased number of cell surface receptors , which may eventually play a role in the pathogenesis of gingival tissue alterations . . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Then , MTT assay was used to examine the proliferation of the cells and the effect of anti EGF receptor ( EGFR ) antibody . ^^^ The anti EGFR antibody blocked the promotive effect of EGF on proliferation of hLECs when the concentration of this antibody was as low as 0 . 5 mg / L , and the blocking rate was 81 % at the concentration of 3 mg / L . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Within cultured otospheres , nestin ( + ) cells were shown to express EGF receptor ( EGFR ) and FGFR 2 and rapidly give rise to newly formed myosin VIIA ( + ) HCs and p 27 ( KIP 1 ) ( + ) SCs . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
NA
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
This results in inhibition of protein tyrosine phosphatase ( PTPase ) activity with resultant hyperphosphorylation of EGF receptors ( EGFR ) and ERK1 / 2 protein kinases , which are downstream to EGFR in the MAPK pathway . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
However , its EGF domain lacks the C terminal subdomain essential for the interaction with the EGF receptor ( EGFR ) . ^^^ Structural analysis suggested that SF HB EGF is a secreted polypeptide that has high affinity for heparin , but weakly , if at all , interacts with EGFR . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Urokinase type plasminogen activator ( uPA ) uPA receptor ( uPAR ) and epidermal growth factor ( EGF ) EGF receptor ( EGFR ) expression is highly correlated with breast cancer metastasis . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
We have compared the activation and trafficking of epidermal growth factor receptor ( EGFR ) induced by UV light and EGF . ^^^ Whereas inhibition of the EGFR tyrosine kinase effectively inhibited tyrosine phosphorylation and internalisation of EGF activated EGFR , internalisation of UV exposed EGFR was unaffected . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Gurken , a TGF alpha like protein involved in axis determination in Drosophila , directly binds to the EGF receptor homolog Egfr . ^^^ Gurken protein , a TGF alpha like molecule , is expressed in the germline , while the EGF receptor homolog , Egfr , is expressed in the somatic cells of the ovary . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
The epidermal growth factor receptor ( EGF receptor ) system is involved in regulation of proliferation and differentiation in oviductal and endometrial tissues . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
In support of this , transforming growth factor alpha , EGF and amphiregulin mRNAs were detected by RT PCR in the epidermal growth factor receptor expressing cell lines . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Furthermore , the EGF receptor ( EGF R ) is involved in signaling by G protein coupled receptors , growth hormone , and cytokines by means of transactivation . ^^^ Here , we tested the hypothesis that aldosterone uses the EGF R as a heterologous signal transducer in MDCK cells . ^^^ Furthermore , aldosterone induced a rapid increase in EGF R Tyr phosphorylation , and inhibition of EGF R kinase abolished aldosterone induced signaling . ^^^ Our data show that aldosterone uses the EGF R ERK1 / 2 signaling cascade to elicit its rapid effects in MDCK cells . . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
HB EGF induced phosphorylation of the EGF receptor ( EGFR ) with maximum phosphorylation at 0 . 5 to 1 minute , whereas erbB 4 , the other receptor to which HB EGF binds , was not activated on HB EGF stimulation . ^^^ HB EGF induced phosphorylation of these kinases was blocked by the EGFR kinase inhibitor AG 1478 . ^^^ These results demonstrate that HB EGF induced mitogenesis requires both ERK and phosphatidylinositol 3 kinase ( Akt and p70S6K ) pathways activated through EGFR , thereby providing a new mechanistic insight by which HB EGF contributes to vascular remodeling . . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Binding of EGF at 4 degrees C does not change the localization of EGFR , and by immunoelectron microscopy we find that only small amounts of bound EGF localize to caveolae . ^^^ Depletion of the plasma membrane cholesterol causes increased binding of EGF , increased dimerization of the EGFR , and hyperphosphorylation of the EGFR . ^^^ Addition of cholesterol was found to reduce EGF binding and reduce EGF induced EGFR activation . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
ERK activation is preceded by the release of soluble 25 26 kDa forms of epidermal growth factor ( EGF ) and transactivation of EGF receptor ( EGFR ) in NE exposed cells . ^^^ The stimulatory effect of NE on ERK is abrogated in the presence of anti EGF neutralizing antibodies , EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitor ( AG 1478 ) , and ERK kinase inhibitor ( PD 98059 ) , as well as abolished in both EGFR desensitized and endocytosis arrested fibroblasts . ^^^ We conclude that proteolytically released EGF signals directly via EGFR and ERK to down regulate tropoelastin mRNA in NE challenged lung fibroblasts . . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Animal studies have confirmed efficacy in the use of specific targeting of molecules regulating cancer growth ( EGF receptor [ EGFR ] , super oxide dismutase [ SOD ] , cyclin D 1 , E1A and Bcl 2 ) . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
The EFGR family is a group of four structurally similar tyrosine kinases ( EGFR , HER2 / neu , ErbB 3 , and ErbB 4 ) that dimerize on binding with a number of ligands , including EGF and transforming growth factor alpha . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
PURPOSE : This study was conducted to evaluate the clinical significance of the localization of epidermal growth factor receptor ( EGF r ) , transforming growth factor ( TGF ) alpha , and erbB 2 in the development , progression and prognosis of squamous cell cancers ( SCCs ) of the lung . ^^^ EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN : The localization of EGF r , TGF alpha , and erbB 2 was evaluated immunohistochemically in 60 archival specimens of SCC of the lung and in 60 lung specimens without cancer . ^^^ To clarify the patterns of expression of EGF r in these tumors , the patterns of expression of EGF r in cells in culture were monitored after challenging normal human bronchial epithelial and SCC cell lines with either EGF or TGF alpha at physiological concentrations . ^^^ RESULTS AND CONCLUSIONS : The expression of EGF r , erbB 2 , and TGF alpha were significantly higher in SCC and associated precancerous lesions than in the normal bronchial epithelium and hyperplastic lesions of noncancer specimens . ^^^ A statistically significant stepwise increase in expression from uninvolved bronchial epithelium to precancerous lesions to SCC was observed with EGF r and TGF alpha . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Moreover , neither pre incubation of cultures with the selective EGFR antagonist , AG 1478 , nor down regulation of the EGFR to a point where EGF could no longer activate ERKs had an inhibitory effect on ERK activation by DSLET . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
NA
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
NA
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
NA
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
NA
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
A screen for dominant mutations applied to components in the Drosophila EGF R pathway . ^^^ The Drosophila epidermal growth factor receptor ( EGF R ) controls many critical cell fate choices throughout development . ^^^ Several proteins collaborate to promote localized EGF R activation , such as Star and Rhomboid ( Rho ) , which act sequentially to ensure the maturation and processing of inactive membrane bound EGF ligands . ^^^ We also obtained dominant negative and neomorphic Star mutations , which have phenotypes similar to those of rho NOVA alleles , as well as dominant negative Egf r alleles . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
To test this hypothesis , TGFbeta 1 , TGFbeta 2 TGFbeta3 , TGFbetaR 1 , TGFbetaR 2 , TGFalpha , EGF , EGFR , KGF and KGFR gene and protein expression were analyzed in dorsal and ventral lobes of aging rat prostates ( 1 , 3 , 6 , 9 , 12 , 18 , 24 , and 28 / 30 months ) . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Epidermal growth factor ( EGF ) and transforming growth factor ( TGF ) alpha are potent activators of the ErbB 1 receptor , but , unlike TGF alpha , EGF is also a weak activator of ErbB 2 / ErbB 3 heterodimers . ^^^ To understand the specificity of EGF like growth factors for binding to distinct ErbB members , we used EGF / TGF alpha chimeras to examine the requirements for ErbB 2 / ErbB 3 activation . ^^^ Here we show that in contrast to these two wild type ligands , distinct EGF / TGF alpha chimeras are potent activators of ErbB 2 / ErbB 3 heterodimers . ^^^ A chimera consisting of human EGF sequences with the linear N terminal region of human TGF alpha was found to be almost as potent as the natural ligand neuregulin ( NRG ) 1beta in activating 32D cells expressing ErbB 2 / ErbB 3 and human breast cancer cells . ^^^ Subsequent exchange studies revealed that introduction of both His 2 and Phe 3 into the linear N terminal region was already sufficient to make EGF a potent activator of ErbB 2 / ErbB 3 heterodimers , indicating that these two amino acids contribute positively to this receptor binding . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Enhanced antitumor effect of EGF R targeted p21WAF 1 and GM CSF gene transfer in the established murine hepatoma by peritumoral injection . ^^^ In this paper , a nonviral gene delivery system GE 7 , which was designed to target EGF receptor ( EGF R ) overexpressed on the surface of cancer cel Is through an EGF R binding oligopeptide ( GE 7 ) , was used for in vivo gene therapy in a murine subcutaneous hepatoma model . ^^^ It was demonstrated that the GE 7 system could target the reporter gene beta gal to EGF R expressing hepatoma cells with high efficiency after in vitro transfection and in vivo peritumoral injection . ^^^ Our data demonstrate that the GE 7 system mediated , EGF R targeted cotransfer of p21WAF 1 and GM CSF genes exhibit more potent antitumor effect by inducing tumor cell apoptosis and inflammatory responses . . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
NA
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
NA
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Upon transfection in NIH 3T3 fibroblasts , the EGFR / ALK chimera was correctly synthesized and transported to the cell surface , where it was fully functional in forming high versus low affinity EGF binding sites and transducing an EGF dependent signal intracellularly . ^^^ Overexpression of the EGFR / ALK chimera in NIH 3T3 was sufficient to induce the malignant phenotype ; the appearance of the transformed phenotype was , however , conditionally dependent on the administration of EGF . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Effective anti EGFR monoclonal antibodies compete with endogenous ligands , primarily EGF and transforming growth factor alpha , for receptor ligand binding sites . ^^^ Anti EGFR monoclonal antibodies that currently are under study include IMC C 225 , EMD 55900 , ICR 62 , and ABX EGF . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
In this study , we characterized several early steps in EGFR activation and investigated downstream signaling events induced by epidermal growth factor ( EGF ) and by transforming growth factor alpha ( TGF alpha ) in NIH3T3 cell lines expressing EGFR with and without herstatin . ^^^ Herstatin expression decreased EGF induced EGFR tyrosine phosphorylation and delayed receptor down regulation despite receptor occupancy by ligand with normal binding affinity . ^^^ Surprisingly , EGF and TGF alpha induced full activation of MAPK in duration and intensity and stimulated association of the EGFR with Shc and Grb 2 . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
The purpose of this study was to investigate the role of superoxide anion ( O 2 ) in the regulation of epidermal growth factor ( EGF ) or epidermal growth factor receptor ( EGFR ) expression and proliferation in the prostate cancer cell line PC 3 . ^^^ Immunohistochemistry was carried out to assay the expression of EGF or EGFR . ^^^ EGF or EGFR mRNA expression in the cells treated with O 2 was examined by in situ hybridisation . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
We showed previously that epithelial growth factor ( EGF ) receptor ( EGFR ) signaling is triggered by metallic compounds associated with ambient air particles . ^^^ Adenoviral mediated overexpression of a dominant negative mutant form of Ras ( N 17 ) significantly blocked MEK1 / 2 or ERK1 / 2 phosphorylation in As , Zn , or 5 exposed BEAS 2B cells but caused little inhibition of 5 , Zn or EGF induced EGFR tyrosine phosphorylation . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Epidermal growth factor ( EGF ) receptor ( EGFR ) mediated cell motility requires phospholipase C gamma ( PLCgamma ) , hydrolysis of phosphoinsotide 4 , 5 bisphosphate ( PIP ( 2 ) ) and subsequent release of gelsolin . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
EGFR tyrosine phosphorylation , however , was incrementally stimulated by EGF concentrations from 1 to 100 ng / ml . ^^^ The suppression of EGF induced EGFR phosphorylation differed for each ganglioside , and their respective inhibitory potencies were as follows : EGFR phosphorylation [ area under curve ( + EGF ) / area under curve ( EGF ) ] : control ( no ganglioside added ) = 8 . 2 ; GM 1 = 8 . 3 ; GD1A = 6 . 7 ; GM 3 = 4 . 87 , and GT1B = 4 . 09 . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Role of Grb 2 in EGF stimulated EGFR internalization . ^^^ To gain insight into the trafficking pathways followed by these molecules after activation by EGF , we visualized Grb 2 and EGFR fused to GFP spectral variants in single live cells . ^^^ Within 1 minute of EGF stimulation , Grb 2 redistributed to the plasma membrane where it bound EGFR CFP in an SH 2 dependent manner . ^^^ Evidence that these structures did not require clathrin for internalization came from experiments showing that expression of the C terminus of AP 180 , which inhibited transferrin uptake , had no effect on EGF induced internalization of EGFR . ^^^ YFP tagged Grb 2 containing an inhibitory mutation in either N or C SH 3 domain redistributed to the plasma membrane upon EGF stimulation , but the macropinocytic structures containing Grb 2 YFP and EGFR CFP did not translocate inward and appeared to remain tethered to the plasma membrane . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Non receptor and receptor tyrosine kinases , such as Src and EGF receptor ( EGFR ) , are major inducers of vascular endothelial growth factor ( VEGF ) , one of the most potent mediators of angiogenesis . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Furthermore , the EGF receptor ( EGF R ) is involved in signaling by G protein coupled receptors , growth hormone and cytokines via transactivation . ^^^ Furthermore , we tested the hypothesis that aldosterone uses the EGF R as heterologous signal transducer in MDCK cells . ^^^ Furthermore , aldosterone stimulates EGF R Tyr phosphorylation . ^^^ Inhibition of EGF R kinase abolished aldosterone induced signaling . ^^^ Our data show that aldosterone uses the EGF R ERK1 / 2 signaling cascade to elicit its rapid effects in MDCK cells . . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
BACKGROUND : Epidermal growth factor ( EGF ) , which binds to EGF receptors ( EGF R ) , stimulates oesophageal epithelial cell proliferation , enabling rapid repair after mucosal injury . ^^^ In the normal human oesophageal epithelium , EGF R expression is present and confined to the basal layer . ^^^ AIM : To examine histological changes in and dynamics of EGF R expression during healing after acid reflux oesophagitis in a rat model . ^^^ Rats were killed 7 and 14 days after production of oesophagitis to examine macroscopic and histological changes as well as dynamics of EGF R expression . ^^^ Epithelial cell proliferation was assessed by bromodeoxyuridine ( BrdU ) uptake , and expression of EGF R mRNA and protein by RT PCR and Western blotting or immunohistochemistry . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
The IL 6 mediated growth of myeloma cells was also inhibited by antibodies to ErbB 1 , a receptor for HB EGF . ^^^ The XG 1 and XG 14 cell lines that are sensitive to HB EGF inhibitors overexpressed HB EGF and EGF receptor ( ErbB 1 ) genes . ^^^ They also overexpressed CD 9 , a tetraspanin that binds to the heparin binding domain of HB EGF and is critical for promoting ErbB 1 activation by HB EGF . ^^^ The XG 6 and XG 13 myeloma cells that were not significantly sensitive to HB EGF antagonists , poorly expressed HB EGF , ErbB 1 and CD 9 genes or proteins . ^^^ The myeloma cell growth factor activity of HB EGF was completely inhited by antibodies to ErbB 1 , but also by antibodies to gp 130 IL 6 transducer or to IL 6 . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
AGE precursors inhibit EGF induced EGFR autophosphorylation and tyrosine kinase activity in cell membranes and in EGFR immunoprecipitates . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Previous studies have shown that exposure of cells to Zn2+ ions induces Ras and MAPK activation through the EGF receptor ( EGFR ) . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
This study demonstrates that [ D Trp ( 6 ) ] LHRH decreased the basal and EGF induced total cellular kinase activity , particularly the tyrosine phosphorylation of several cellular proteins including the EGFR . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
In our study , we examined the effect of EGF and antagonists of EGFR , PI3K and MEK on NF kappaB and AP 1 activation and IL 8 and VEGF expression in HNSCC cell lines UM SCC 9 and 11B in which EGFR is overexpressed and activated . ^^^ Recombinant EGF induced EGFR phosphorylation , activation of NF kappaB and AP 1 reporter genes and IL 8 and VEGF expression , indicating that EGFR can mediate coactivation of both transcription factors and cytokine genes in HNSCC . ^^^ EGFR antagonist PD 153035 and anti EGFR antibody C 225 completely inhibited EGF induced reporter activity and cytokine expression , but only partially inhibited constitutive activity . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
BACKGROUND : Epidermal growth factor receptor ( EGF R ) autophosphorylation is essential for its intracellular mitogenic signaling via the MAPK pathway and for interaction in other cellular processes . ^^^ Inhibition of this activity in tumor cells that predominantly utilise EGF R therefore offers an alternative approach to therapy . ^^^ METHODS : The ability of a specific inhibitor of EGF R tyrosine kinase , ZM 252868 , ( TKI ) to alter various parameters related to growth in DU 145 and PC 3 cell lines was investigated , by immunocytochemistry , Northern blotting , Western blotting and invasion assays . ^^^ Reduction in autophosphorylation of the EGF R , membrane expression of EGF R , activation of the MAPK , p 38 , and JNK enzymes and the invasive capacity of DU 145 cells was observed in the TKI treated cells . ^^^ Under the same conditions , PC 3 cell growth and EGF R expression and MAPK activation were not affected . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Immunohistochemical localization of epidermal growth factor receptor ( EGF R ) in normal and diseased newborn lung tissues . ^^^ The distribution of EGF receptors ( EGF R ) was examined in normal , hyaline membrane diseased and pneumonic newborn lung tissues by immunohistochemical methods under the light microscope . ^^^ Strong EGF R reactivity was observed on bronchiolar epithelium and type 1 and type 2 alveolar cells in normal newborn lung tissues ; whereas , poor reactivity was observed in alveolar macrophages . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
BACKGROUND : Activation of the gastrin cholecystokinin ( B ) ( CCK ( B ) ) receptor stimulates cell proliferation and increases production of ligands for the epidermal growth factor receptor ( EGF R ) . ^^^ AIMS : To determine the role of gastrin CCK ( B ) activation in stimulation of cell proliferation via paracrine activation of EGF R . ^^^ Immunoneutralisation and pharmacological studies using metalloproteinase and kinase inhibitors indicated that the proliferative response was mediated by paracrine stimulation of EGF R and activation of the mitogen activated protein kinase pathway through release of heparin binding EGF . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Effects of Lewis Y oligosaccharide on secretion and gene expression of EGF and EGF R in mouse embryos ] . ^^^ The results showed that , when blocked by AH 6 antibody for 1 . 5 h , the secretion and expression of EGF in the embryo were significantly declined , and the alteration was continued to over 6 h ; and those of EGF R were slightly decreased after blocking . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Betacellulin ( BTC ) belongs to the epidermal growth factor ( EGF ) family of peptide ligands that are characterized by a six cysteine consensus motif ( EGF motif ) that forms three intra molecular disulfide bonds , crucial for binding the ErbB receptor family . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
OBJECTIVE : To explore the relationship between substance P ( SP ) released from peripheral nerve endings and the expression of epidermal growth factor ( EGF ) and epidermal growth factor receptor ( EGFR ) during wound healing . ^^^ Immunohistochemistry and in situ hybridization were employed to detect the expression of SP , EGF / EGFR , and EGF mRNA / EGFR mRNA in the granulation tissues . ^^^ RESULTS : In the injury group , immunohistochemical stain of SP and EGF / EGFR was located on the hair follicles and sebaceous glands at the 1st day . ^^^ EGF / EGFR was at low level at the 3rd day , then increased gradually and reached the peak at the 9th day , then declined . ^^^ In the capsaicin group , the immunohistochemical stain of SP and EGF / EGFR was faint and without obvious change during the wound healing process . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
As a result of the researches performed we have suggested that EGF R tyrosine protein kinases are involved in radiation induced response of immune competent spleen cells and mediate the effects of EGF signal transduction in these cells in 12 hours after irradiation in the dose of 1 Gy . . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
The purpose of the present study was to determine the efficacy of boronated epidermal growth factor ( EGF ) either alone or in combination with boronophenylalanine ( BPA ) as delivery agents for an epidermal growth factor receptor ( EGFR ) positive glioma , designated F 98 ( EGFR ) . ^^^ At 6 h , equivalent amounts of BSD EGF were detected in F 98 ( EGFR ) and F 98 ( WT ) tumors . ^^^ By 24 h 33 . 2 % of injected dose / g of EGF BSD was retained by F 98 ( EGFR ) gliomas compared with 9 . 4 % % of injected dose / g in F 98 ( WT ) gliomas , and the corresponding boron concentrations were 21 . 1 microg / g and 9 . 2 microg / g , respectively . ^^^ Two weeks after implantation of 10 ( 3 ) F 98 ( EGFR ) or F 98 ( WT ) tumor cells , rats received an i . t . injection of BSD EGF ( approximately 60 microg ( 10 ) B / approximately 15 microg EGF ) either alone or in combination with i . v . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
We previously demonstrated that a ligand blocking monoclonal antibody ( mAb ) against the epidermal growth factor receptor ( EGF R ) , LA 1 , induced morphological conversion from epithelial like to epithelial of the human lung cancer cell line , H 322 . ^^^ In A 549 and H 322 cells , which express a detectable amount of EGF R ( ErbB 1 ) , ErbB 2 , ErbB 3 , and ErbB 4 receptors , the LA 1 mAb induces up regulation of the E cadherin / catenin complex ( alpha , beta , and gamma catenins ) . ^^^ These studies demonstrate that EGF R modulation regulates the E cadherin / catenin complex and cell motility in human lung epithelial carcinoma cells . ^^^ Our results may have important therapeutic implications for the treatment of invasive human lung carcinomas via the restoration of the cadherin / catenin complex using inhibitors of EGF R . . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
W 13 did not alter the internalization of EGFR but inhibited its recycling and degradation , thus causing the accumulation of EGF and EGFR in enlarged early endosomal structures . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
EGF receptor ( ErbB 1 ) mRNA was gradually increased on day 2 ( 2 . 4+ / 0 . 53 fold increase ) , day 7 ( 4 . 0+ / 0 . 61 fold increase ) and day 14 ( 7 . 0+ / 0 . 61 fold increase ) . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
However , the overall regulation of the MAPK pathway is achieved through a complex interplay of other several upstream effectors including G proteins , EGF , EGFR , protein kinase C ( PKC ) , phosphatidylinositol 3 kinase and CaM . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
When cotransfected with the full length EGFR , but not Y992DeltaEGFR , SOCS 1 or SOCS 3 inhibited STAT activation by EGF in 293 cells . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
In vascular smooth muscle cells ( VSMCs ) , angiotensin 2 ( AngII ) induces transactivation of the EGF receptor ( EGFR ) which involves a metalloprotease that stimulates processing of heparin binding EGF from its precursor . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Progesterone is known to enhance epidermal growth factor ( EGF ) mediated cellular responses by up regulating EGF receptor ( EGF R ) expression . ^^^ Ligand activation of EGF R in turn has been shown to activate cytoplasmic stores of the STAT 3 ( signal transducer and activator of transcription ) transcription factor , whereupon it translocates to the nucleus . ^^^ This pattern of expression parallels the decline in EGF R and coincides with decidual regression . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
As cigarette smoke ( CS ) and epidermal growth factor ( EGF ) both cause release of interleukin 8 ( IL 8 ) from epithelial cells in vitro , we investigated whether autocrine ligands for the EGF receptor ( EGFR ) are involved in this proinflammatory response to CS . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
HB EGF ( 5 100 ng / ml ) stimulated by approximately 80 % the incorporation of bromodeoxyuridine ( BrdU ) into cultured cells that expressed the HB EGF receptors epidermal growth factor receptor ( EGFR ) / avian erythroblastic leukemia viral oncogene homolog 1 ( ErbB 1 ) and N arginine dibasic convertase ( NRDc ) . ^^^ Intracerebroventricular administration of HB EGF in adult rats increased BrdU labeling in the subventricular zone and in the subgranular zone of dentate gyrus , where EGFR / ErbB1 and NRDc were also expressed and where ischemia induced neurogenesis is observed . ^^^ We conclude that HB EGF stimulates neurogenesis in proliferative zones of the adult brain that are also affected in ischemia and that it does so by interacting with EGFR / ErbB1 and possibly NRDc . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
This study demonstrates that H . pylori exposure to MKN 1 , ST 42 , and MKN 28 gastric epithelial tumour cells results in the activation of HB EGF gene expression and EGFR tyrosine phosphorylation . ^^^ The induction of HB EGF gene transcription by H . pylori requires metalloprotease , EGFR , and Mek 1 activities , indicating the involvement of the `` triple membrane passing signal ' ' ( TMPS ) for EGFR transactivation . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
A physiologically relevant interaction between decorin and EGFR was confirmed in the yeast two hybrid system and further validated by experiments using EGF / EGFR interaction and transient cell transfection assays . ^^^ Site directed mutagenesis of the EGFR L 2 domain showed that a cluster of residues , His ( 394 ) Ile ( 402 ) , was essential for both decorin and EGF binding . ^^^ Thus , decorin binds to a discrete region of the EGFR , partially overlapping with but distinct from the EGF binding domain . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
BACKGROUND : Epidermal growth factor ( EGF ) and its receptor ( EGFR ) are involved in the development of salivary gland tumors . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
We found that both EGF and Cpd 5 induced tyrosine phosphorylation of EGF receptor ( EGFR ) and ERK . ^^^ In conclusion , the data show that Cpd 5 causes growth inhibition as a consequence of prolonged ERK and Elk 1 phosphorylation , likely a result of inhibition of multiple PTPases , including those acting on phospho EGFR , on phospho ERK , and on phospho Elk 1 , in contrast to the kinase driven transient activation resulting from EGF . . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
The effect of KUZ on shedding of HB EGF and consequent transactivation of the EGFR depends on its metalloprotease activity . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Appropriately sorted proteins , such as epidermal growth factor ( EGF ) receptor ( EGFR ) , are incorporated into MVEs before transport to the lysosomal compartment , where degradation occurs . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
A myriad of growth factor dependent and independent mechanisms for activating the EGF receptor and the related ErbB receptors underscore the importance of receptor inhibitors in the treatment of some solid tumors . . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Although urothelium is constantly bathed in high concentrations of epidermal growth factor ( EGF ) and most urothelial carcinomas overexpress EGF receptor ( EGFr ) , relatively little is known about the role of EGFr signaling pathway in urothelial growth and transformation . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
The receptor for EGF ( EGFR ) is not only involved in survival signaling , cell migration , metastasis formation and angiogenesis , but also confers reduced responses of tumor cells towards cytotoxic compounds or radiation . ^^^ In human breast carcinomas , the presence of EGFR correlates with lack of response towards anti estrogen therapy suggesting the concomitant inhibition of both the receptors for estrogen and EGF to improve breast cancer therapy . . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Interestingly , only transcription factors that responded to EGF had radiation responses significantly inhibited by the EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitor , AG 1478 ; these responses were also abrogated by farnesyltransferase inhibitor ( FTI ) or PD 98059 , inhibitors of Ras and MEK1 / 2 , respectively . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Dimerization and phosphorylation of the epidermal growth factor ( EGF ) receptor ( EGFR ) are the initial and essential events of EGF induced signal transduction . ^^^ In contrast to wild type EGFR ligands , a mutant form of heparin binding EGF like growth factor ( HB 2 ) did not induce dimerization of the EGFR EpoR chimeric receptor and therefore failed to activate the chimeric receptor . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
After EGF stimulation , activated ErbB 1 and ERK associated with the cytoskeleton to a greater extent than did total ErbB 1 and total ERK . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Epiregulin induced a more prolonged activation of EGF receptor ( EGFR ) and p42 / 44 mitogen activated protein kinase ( MAPK ) than EGF . ^^^ Our results showed a more potent hepatocyte proliferative activity for epiregulin compared with EGF in vitro , which depends on prolonged activation of EGFR and p42 / 44 MAPK . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
NA
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Regulation of Akt by EGF R inhibitors , a possible mechanism of EGF R inhibitor enhanced TRAIL induced apoptosis . ^^^ Epidermal growth factor ( EGF ) signaling is well known to involve in tumor survival and overexpression of EGF receptor ( EGF R ) attributes to decreased responsiveness to many available therapies in cancer treatment . ^^^ We investigated whether EGF R inhibitors enhance TRAIL induced apoptosis . ^^^ TRAIL alone induced 25 % cell death after a 3 h treatment , but in cells pretreated with EGF R inhibitors , TRAIL induced cell death to more than 70 % after 3h treatment . ^^^ Therefore , our data suggest that EGF R inhibitor may sensitize A 549 cells to TRAIL induced apoptosis by regulating expression of these proteins . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
To dissect which of these pathways may be responsible for the observed antagonism , known EGFR regulated downstream signaling pathways including RAS , phosphatidylinositol 3 kinase ( PI 3 K ) , mitogen activated protein kinase ( p44 / p42 ) , and protein kinase C were inactivated with both pharmacological inhibitors and transient transfection experiments with dominant negative and constitutively active constructs in the presence of exogenous EGF stimulation . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
All of the cell lines expressing EGFR responded to epidermal growth factor ( EGF ) by activation of the downstream signaling pathways , mitogen activated protein ( MAP ) / extracellular signal regulated kinase kinase / MAP kinase , and phosphatidylinositol 3 ' kinase ( PI3k ) / AKT . ^^^ Growth of the cell lines was greatly stimulated by EGF in vitro and could be blocked by an antagonist of the EGFR . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
However , the issue of whether the EGF / EGFR system contributes to the progression of esophageal cancer cells remains controversial . ^^^ Conclusions : The findings herein suggest that EGF inhibits the growth of some esophageal cancer cells that overexpress EGFR and that the activation of STAT 1 constitutes a critical event which is required for the inhibition of growth by EGF . . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
BACKGROUND : Overexpression of epidermal growth factor receptor ( EGF R ) is associated with increased malignant potential and correlates with poor clinical outcome in head and neck cancer . ^^^ Therefore , inhibition of the EGF R pathway provides an ideal target for molecular therapy . ^^^ We examined in vitro and in vivo effects of PKI 166 , an orally administered EGF R inhibitor , on 2 human squamous cell carcinoma of the oral cavity cell lines , Tu 159 and MDA 1986 . ^^^ The EGF R specific tyrosine kinase autophosphorylation was inhibited completely by PKI 166 at all doses tested ( 1 10 micro g / mL ) . ^^^ CONCLUSIONS : Targeted molecular therapy with EGF R blockade arrests the growth of oral cancer in vitro and reduces its proliferation in an experimental xenograft animal model . . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
CONCLUSIONS : The present study demonstrated that HB EGF processed and released via PC PLC PKC signaling is an intermediate molecule for TGF beta mediated EGFR transactivation , and subsequent activation of ERK and p38MAPK is involved in FN expression via transcriptional regulation without requiring new protein synthesis . . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
The response to C5a was blocked by inhibitors of phosphatidylinositol 3 kinase , src kinase , and of the epidermal growth factor ( EGF ) receptor ( EGFR ) as well as by neutralizing Abs against the EGFR and heparin binding EGF like factor . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
The purpose of this study was to determine whether the expression of epidermal growth factor receptor ( EGF R ) and activated EGF R by tumor associated endothelial cells is influenced by interaction with specific growth factors in the microenvironment . ^^^ Different human carcinoma cell lines expressing EGF R with low or high levels of EGF / transforming growth factor ( TGF ) alpha were implanted into orthotopic organs of nude mice . ^^^ In the EGF / TGF alpha positive bladder cancer ( 253J BV ) , pancreatic cancer ( L3 . 6pl ) , and renal cancer ( RBM 1 IT ) but not in the EGF / TGF alpha negative renal cancer SN 12 PM6 , tumor associated endothelial cells expressed EGF R and activated EGF R . ^^^ Treatment with oral PKI 166 ( a specific inhibitor of EGF R phosphorylation ) alone , intraperitoneal paclitaxel alone ( 253J BV ) , gemcitabine alone ( SN 12 PM6 ) , or combination of PKI 166 and chemotherapy produced a 60 % , 32 % , or 81 % reduction in the volume of 253J BV bladder tumors , respectively , and 26 % , 23 % , or 51 % reduction in the volume of SN 12 PM6 kidney tumors , respectively . ^^^ Immunohistochemical analyses demonstrated down regulation of activated EGF R in EGF / TGF alpha positive and EGF / TGF alpha negative lesions from mice treated with PKI 166 , although apoptosis of tumor associated endothelial cells was found only in EGF / TGF alpha positive tumors . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Anti tumor activity of GW 572016 : a dual tyrosine kinase inhibitor blocks EGF activation of EGFR / erbB2 and downstream Erk1 / 2 and AKT pathways . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
BACKGROUND : In vivo , intestinal adaptation after massive small bowel resection ( SBR ) requires a functional epidermal growth factor ( EGF ) receptor ( EGFR ) . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
In this paper , we report the establishment of a system to specifically activate epidermal growth factor ( EGF ) receptor ( EGFR ) when it endocytoses into endosomes . ^^^ We treated cells with EGF in the presence of AG 1478 , a specific EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitor , and monensin , which blocks the recycling of EGFR . ^^^ This treatment led to the internalization of nonactivated EGF EGFR complexes into endosomes . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Furthermore , the EGF receptor ( EGFR ) is involved in signaling by G protein coupled receptors , growth hormone , and cytokines via transactivation . ^^^ After transfection of human EGFR 1 , the cells responded to EGF , but not to aldosterone . ^^^ Our data show that aldosterone uses the EGF EGFR MEK1 / 2 ERK1 / 2 signaling cascade to elicit its alternative effects . ^^^ In the presence of EGF , aldosterone leads to EGFR transactivation via cytosolic tyrosine kinases of the Src family . . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Epidermal growth factor ( EGF ) regulates cell proliferation and differentiation by binding to the EGF receptor ( EGFR ) extracellular region , comprising domains 1 4 , with the resultant dimerization of the receptor tyrosine kinase . ^^^ In this study , the crystal structure of a 2 : 2 complex of human EGF and the EGFR extracellular region has been determined at 3 . 3 A resolution . ^^^ EGFR domains 1 3 are arranged in a C shape , and EGF is docked between domains 1 and 3 . ^^^ The 1 : 1 EGF * EGFR complex dimerizes through a direct receptor * receptor interaction , in which a protruding beta hairpin arm of each domain 2 holds the body of the other . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Following the binding of ligands such as the epidermal growth factor ( EGF ) with EGFR , activation of signal transduction pathways can lead to changes in cellular proliferation and differentiation . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
EGF stimulation of EGF receptor ( EGFR ) overexpressing cells resulted in long term PLC gamma 1 tyrosine phosphorylation and sustained levels of inositol 1 , 4 , 5 triphosphate ( IP 3 ) and diacylglycerol ( DAG ) producing sinusoidal calcium oscillations . ^^^ In contrast , c erbB 2 / EGFR expressing cells displayed baseline transient calcium oscillations after EGF treatment due to short term PLC gamma 1 tyrosine phosphorylation and short term IP 3 and DAG turnover . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Immunoprecipitation and western blot analysis of the EGF receptor ( EGFR ) revealed a significant reduction of its EGF induced tyrosine phosphorylation in cells treated with the NO donor 2 ( N , N diethylamino ) diazenolate 2 oxide ( DEA NO ) . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Our results suggest that EGFR JM is essential for epidermal growth factor ( EGF ) mediated calcium calmodulin signalling and for signal integration between other signalling pathways . . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
The epidermal growth factor ( EGF ) receptor ( EGFR ) family consists of four transmembrane tyrosine kinases that undergo homodimerization and heterodimerization . ^^^ In all four cell lines , AdtrEGFR markedly attenuated EGF and heparin binding EGF dependent cell growth , EGFR family tyrosine phosphorylation , and phosphorylation of MAPK , c Jun NH 2 terminal kinase , p 38 MAPK , and activating transcription factor 2 . ^^^ Thus , EGF promotes proliferation via the MAPK in COLO 357 cells but via p 38 MAPK in ASPC 1 , PANC 1 , and T3M4 cells , and whereas EGFR activation leads to the activation of all four members of the EGFR family in these cells , downstream signaling is efficiently blocked by AdtrEGFR . . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Previous studies have shown that EGF can induce the tyrosine phosphorylation of caveolin 1 in murine fibroblasts following ErbB 1 ( EGF receptor ) mutation or overexpression , but the cell signaling events linking EGF action with caveolin phosphorylation are not fully established . ^^^ We observed that EGF and HB EGF , but not heregulin , promoted caveolin 1 phosphorylation in A 431 cells , suggesting that these responses are linked to EGF receptor activation and not solely occurring via the activation of other endogenous ErbB family members . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
A functional role for EGF receptor ( EGFR ) activation was confirmed by blocking serum induced proliferation with an EGFR selective kinase inhibitor and a specific EGFR neutralizing antibody . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
In contrast , BAEP 2 W evidenced positivity only for cytokeratin 7 and laminin , and low positivity to EGF , EGF R , FGF and FGF R . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
We employ a computational model to predict how receptor binding affinity affects local capture of autocrine ligand vis a vis escape to distal regions , and provide experimental test by constructing cell lines expressing EGFR along with either wild type EGF or a low affinity mutant , EGF ( L47M ) . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
We qualitatively and quantitatively assessed the immunoexpression of epidermal growth factor ( EGF ) , its receptor ( EGFR ) , surfactant proteins ( SP ) [ SP A and D and surfactant proproteins ( proSP ) B and C ] and proliferating cell nuclear antigen ( PCNA ) in immature and mature dog lung . ^^^ During maturation , alveolar cell proliferation is regionally regulated in parallel with EGF and EGFR levels and inversely correlated with SP A and proSP C levels . ^^^ In contrast , post PNX lung growth is not associated with EGF or EGFR upregulation but with markedly increased SP A level and moderately increased SP D level ; proSP B and proSP C levels did not change . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Crosslinking also decreased ErbB 2 ErbB3 heteroassociation and the EGF and heregulin induced tyrosine phosphorylation of Shc . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
A systematic investigation of oestrogen receptor ( OR ) , progesterone receptor ( PR ) , trefoil factor 1 ( TFF 1 ) , and epidermal growth factor and its receptor ( EGF and EGFR ) expressed in pancreatic cystic neoplasms and pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma was determined to elucidate their corresponding sex and age predilection , cell origin , and pathway of malignant transformation . ^^^ The expression of OR , PR , TFF 1 , EGF , and EGFR were each determined in each disease entity using monoclonal antibodies by immunohistochemical method . ^^^ Synchronous expression of EGF and EGFR was observed in only one of 12 MCN . ^^^ Synchronous expression of EGF and EGFR was observed in six of 10 IPMT and nine of 20 ductal adenocarcinoma , respectively . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
In previous studies , we found that apical and basolateral EGF receptors ( EGFR ) on primary canine gastric monolayers decreased paracellular permeability , evident by increased transepithelial electrical resistance ( TER ) and decreased flux of [ ( 3 ) H ] mannitol ( MF ) . ^^^ Although exogenous basolateral EGF has a less apparent effect on the barrier to acid , endogenous ligand active at basolateral EGFR plays an important role in maintaining the barrier to apical acid . ^^^ Our data implicate a role for an apical EGFR ligand , which may be EGF or another member of the EGF family . . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Inhibition of EGF receptor ( EGFR ) with AG 1478 , an inhibitor of the EGFR tyrosine kinase activity , significantly increased phenylephrine but not carbachol induced protein secretion . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
In this study , we determined whether ET 1 activation of glomerular mesangial cell ERK1 / 2 is mediated through EGF receptor ( EGF R ) transactivation and whether intact caveolae are required . ^^^ We showed that ET 1 stimulated tyrosine phosphorylation of the EGF R in primary cultured , growth arrested rat mesangial cells . ^^^ In response to ET 1 , ERK1 / 2 phosphorylation was increased by 27 + / 1 fold and attenuated by AG 1478 , a specific EGF R inhibitor , to 9 + / 1 fold . ^^^ Hence , ET 1 activates mesangial cell ERK1 / 2 predominantly through a pathway involving EGF R transactivation , leading to a mechanism involving attachment to caveolin 1 , presumably in caveolae . . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Immunohistochemical staining of 5 ' bromodeoxyuridine ( BrdU ) and proliferating cell nuclei antigen ( PCNA ) showed that H . pylori infection induced the increase in gastric mucosal cell proliferation ( P < 0 . 05 ) , and in situ hybridization of epidermal growth factor ( EGF ) and epidermal growth factor receptor ( EGFR ) revealed elevated expressions of EGF mRNA and EGFR mRNA with time passage after H . pylori infection ( P < 0 . 05 ) . ^^^ The abnormal expressions of EGF and EGFR may be the key element for abnormality of gastric mucosal cell proliferation . . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
The effects of the treatment on mRNA and protein levels of human epidermal growth factor ( EGF ) receptors ( EGFR and HER 2 ) in ovarian tumors were determined by RT PCR and immunoblotting . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
The neuregulin ( NRG ) / epidermal growth factor ( EGF ) family of growth factors consists of several ligands that specifically activate four erbB receptor tyrosine kinases , namely erbB 1 ( EGF R ) , erbB 2 ( neu ) , erbB 3 , and erbB 4 . ^^^ We have previously shown that islet morphogenesis is impaired and beta cell differentiation delayed in mice lacking functional EGF R [ EGF R ( / ) ] . ^^^ The effect of BTC was abolished in the EGF R ( / ) mice . ^^^ Our results suggest that ligands of the EGF R / erbB 1 and erbB 4 receptors regulate the lineage determination of islet cells during pancreatic development . ^^^ BTC , acting through EGF R / erbB 1 , is important for the differentiation of beta cells . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Epidermal growth factor ( EGF ) stimulates recruitment of RN tre to the EGF receptor ( EGFR ) in a Grb 2 dependent manner . ^^^ Grb 2 and the EGFR are internalized and co localized in endocytic vesicles in response to EGF . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
INTRODUCTION AND AIMS : Epidermal growth factor ( EGF ) and its receptor ( EGFR ) play crucial roles in cellular signaling in many malignancies , including pancreatic neoplasia . ^^^ We recently isolated a novel negative regulator of EGFR , termed EGF receptor related protein ( ERRP ) , whose expression appears to attenuate EGFR activation . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Immunoblots were screened for EGFR expression and the ability of IMC C 225 to block EGF induced tyrosine phosphorylation of EGFR . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Transactivation / phosphorylation of EGFR by E 2 was dependent on the rapid liberation of heparin binding EGF ( HB EGF ) from cultured MCF 7 cells and was blocked by antibodies to this ligand for EGFR . ^^^ This leads to HB EGF transactivation of EGFR and signaling to multiple kinase cascades in several target cells for E 2 . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Several approaches have been developed to achieve EGFR blockade as an anticancer treatment strategy , including the anti EGFR monoclonal antibody IMC C 225 , which competitively binds to the extracellular receptor site and prevents binding by the natural EGFR ligands EGF and transforming growth factor alpha . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Northern analysis showed a 3 . 0 kb transcript for the putative EGF receptor ( EGFR ) homologue in amastigotes , but not trypomastigotes . ^^^ A specific inhibitor ( AG 14782 ) of the EGFR and a MAP kinase inhibitor ( PD 98059 ) decreased EGF dependent T . cruzi MAP kinase activity . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
The goal of this study was to elucidate the role of the EGF receptor ( EGFR ) as a component of the uPAR signaling machinery . uPA activated extracellular signal regulated kinase ( ERK ) in COS 7 cells and in COS 7 cells that overexpress uPAR , and this response was blocked by the EGFR inhibitor , tyrphostin AG 1478 , implicating the EGFR in the pathway that links uPAR to ERK . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
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Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Previous studies have shown that EGFR and c Src co overexpression and association leads to the c Src mediated phosphorylation of tyrosine 845 of the EGFR and that mutation of Tyr ( 845 ) ablates epidermal growth factor ( EGF ) induced DNA synthesis . ^^^ We demonstrate that 1 ) activation of STAT5b by EGF requires overexpression of the EGFR , 2 ) co overexpression of c Src alone does not result in EGF induced activation of STAT5b but enhances that seen in EGFR overexpressing cells , and 3 ) EGF induced tyrosine phosphorylation of STAT5b requires Tyr ( 845 ) of the EGFR . ^^^ Furthermore , the stable overexpression of a kinase defective c Src in the context of EGFR overexpression results in a decrease in the tyrosine phosphorylation of STAT5b in response to EGF and a more dramatic decrease in EGF induced transcriptional activation of STAT5b , suggesting an integral role for c Src in the physiological actions of STAT5b . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
HU 210 induced ERK activation was inhibited by tyrphostin AG 1478 and PP 2 , widely employed inhibitors of the epidermal growth factor receptor ( EGF ( R ) ) and the Src family of cytosolic tyrosine kinases , respectively . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
The purpose of the present study was to evaluate CED as a means to improve the intracerebral and intratumoral ( i . t . ) uptake of a heavily boronated macromolecule ( dendrimer ; BD ) linked to epidermal growth factor ( EGF ) for neutron capture therapy in rats bearing a syngeneic epidermal growth factor receptor ( EGFR ) + glioma . ^^^ Boronated EGF was radiolabeled with 125I and administered by CED at a rate of 0 . 33 micro l / min for 15 , 30 , and 60 min [ infusion volumes ( 5 ( 1 ) ) of 5 , 10 , and 20 micro l , respectively ] , using a syringe pump connected to an indwelling cannula implanted into the right caudate nucleus of normal rats or i . t . in rats bearing either F 98 ( EGFR ) or F 98 wild type ( F 98 ( WT ) ) gliomas . ^^^ On the basis of these observations , we have concluded that CED is more effective than i . t . injection as a way to deliver boronated EGF to EGFR ( + ) gliomas for boron neutron capture therapy . . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
BACKGROUND : In a strategy termed `` Protease Targeting ' ' , retroviral vectors carrying an EGF infectivity blocking domain fused to the N terminus of the envelope SU via a MMP ( matrix metalloproteinase ) cleavable linker were successfully used to target gene delivery to EGF receptor ( EGF R ) positive tumour cells over expressing MMPs . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Granulosa cells and thecal tissues in small ( diameter , < 4 mm ) , medium ( diameter , 4 5 mm ) , or large ( diameter , > 5 mm ) individual follicles were collected for detection of mRNA expression of vascular endothelial growth factor ( VEGF ) 120 , VEGF 164 , basic fibroblast growth factor ( bFGF ) , and epidermal growth factor ( EGF ) in granulosa cells and fms like tyrosine kinase ( Flt 1 ) , fetal liver kinase ( Flk 1 ) or the murine homologue of kinase domain region ( KDR ) , bFGF receptor ( bFGF R ) , and EGF receptor ( EGF R ) in thecal tissue by semiquantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction . ^^^ The expression of EGF mRNA increased in granulosa cells of small , medium , and large follicles from ovaries after eCG treatment , but the mRNA expression of EGF R in thecal tissue did not change . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Pre treatment of the PC 3 cells with LPA decreases the dose of EGF required to elicit maximal activation of EGFR . ^^^ However , unlike the situation in fibroblasts , we find that the LPA induced transactivation of EGFR in PC 3 cells is not mediated by shedding of heparin binding EGF . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
In this Protocol , we describe a system in which epidermal growth factor ( EGF ) receptor ( EGFR ) is specifically activated when it is endocytosed into endosomes . ^^^ We treated cells with EGF in the presence of AG 1478 , a specific EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitor , and monensin , which blocks recycling of EGFR . ^^^ This treatment led to the internalization of nonactivated EGF EGFR complex into endosomes . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Flow cytometry indicated that in both cell types , gastrin increased MAP kinase via activation of EGF R but not FGF R 1 or erbB 2 . ^^^ We conclude that gastrin CCK ( B ) receptors stimulate epithelial cell migration partly via paracrine mechanisms ; transactivation of EGF R is only one component of the paracrine pathway . . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Based on knowledge of the adult mouse stomach , the ligands of epidermal growth factor ( EGF ) receptor ( EGFR ) were expected to affect differentiation of the proventricular epithelium . ^^^ Simultaneous treatment of the proventriculus with EGF and tyrphostin 47 resulted in the attenuation of the effect of EGF , suggesting that EGF , or other ligands of EGFR , may actually be involved in the normal course of development of the proventricular epithelium . . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Initial events in EGF receptor ( EGF R ) mitogenic signalling are G protein activation , stimulation of adenylyl cyclase and cyclic AMP ( cAMP ) production . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Here we show that human cytomegalovirus ( HCMV ) , a known lung pathogen in connatal and postnatal infection of neonates as well as transplant recipients , completely down regulates EGF receptor ( EGF R ) on the surface of human fetal lung fibroblasts . ^^^ Inhibition of EGF R synthesis occurs on the transcriptional rather than on the posttranscriptional level . ^^^ The effect essentially depends on expression of viral immediate early and / or early genes , as binding of ultraviolet light inactivated virus to the cells had no effect on EGF R expression . ^^^ Furthermore , the anti HCMV drug ganciclovir , which blocks HCMV DNA replication and late gene expression , can not overcome HCMV mediated inhibition of EGF R , suggesting that immediate early or early gene products may be responsible for down regulation of EGF R . ^^^ Interestingly , the glucocorticoid dexamethasone , which is used for its antiinflammatory action to prevent chronic lung disease in preterm infants , promotes HCMV associated downregulation of the EGF R by stimulation of viral gene expression . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Inhibition of EGF receptor ( EGFR ) tyrosine kinase or expression of dominant negative Ras reduced CCK induced ERK1 / 2 activation , indicating participation of the EGFR and Ras in CCK induced ERK1 / 2 activation . ^^^ However , compared with EGF , CCK caused only small increases in tyrosine phosphorylation of the EGFR and Shc , Shc Grb 2 complex formation , and Ras activation . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
RESULTS : Studies of receptor type specificity showed that SMA 41 : ( a ) preferentially inhibited the kinase activity of EGFR over those of Src , insulin receptor and protein kinase C ( PKC , a serine / threonine kinase ) , ( b ) induced stronger inhibition of growth stimulated with EGF than of growth stimulated with platelet derived growth factor ( PDGF ) or fetal bovine serum ( FBS ) . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
The biological significance of VEGF , EGF , and bFGF is mediated by their receptors , which belong to the family of tyrosine kinase receptors : Flt 1 ( VEGFR 1 ) , KDR ( VEGFR 2 ) , EGFR , FGFR 1 , FGFR 2 , FGFR 3 , and FGFR 4 . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
We hypothesized that the GLP 1R could activate PI 3 kinase and promote beta cell proliferation through transactivation of the epidermal growth factor ( EGF ) receptor ( EGFR ) , an event possibly linked to GPCRs via activation of c Src and the production of putative endogenous EGF like ligands . ^^^ The results are consistent with a model in which GLP 1 increases PI 3 kinase activity and enhances beta cell proliferation via transactivation of the EGFR that would require the proteolytic processing of membrane anchored BTC or other EGF like ligands . . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
We have established a series of stable , monoclonal 32D derived cell lines that express the epidermal growth factor ( EGF ) receptor , ErbB 2 , or a combination of both at different ratios . ^^^ Increasing the relative expression of ErbB 2 leads to an increase in the fraction of high affinity class receptors observed , without altering the total number of EGF binding sites . . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
In an attempt to achieve targeted gene transfer into epidermal growth factor receptor ( EGFR ) positive human cells , SNV vector particles carrying a surface ( SU ) envelope protein N terminally modified with the EGF domain and the wildtype transmembrane protein were generated . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Epidermal growth factor ( EGF ) receptor ( EGFR ) regulates development of cell cell communication in fetal lung , but the signal transduction mechanisms involved are unknown . ^^^ EGFR blockade abrogated the observed stimulation of PLC gamma phosphorylation by EGF . ^^^ In conclusion , PLC gamma expression and activation by EGF in fetal lung are cell specific , corresponding to the development of EGFR expression . ^^^ PLC gamma activation by EGFR in fetal lung fibroblasts may be involved in EGF control of lung development . . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Clinical significance of EGF and EGFR expression changes in cryptorchid boys . ^^^ AIM : To explore the changes of epidermal growth factor ( EGF ) and epidermal growth factor receptor ( EGFR ) expressions in cryptorchid children and their clinical significance . ^^^ METHODS : The level of serum EGF was measured by radioimmunoassay ( RIA ) and the expression of EGFR by immunohistochemistry . ^^^ CONCLUSION : The EGF and EGFR expressions may correlate with the age and the position of testes ; orchiopexy improves the EGF and EGFR expressions in cryptorchid boys . . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
More recently , it has been postulated that the pubertal increase in LHRH secretion in female animals also requires neuron glia signaling mediated by growth factors of the epidermal growth factor ( EGF ) family and their astrocytic erbB receptors . ^^^ DN erbB 4 expression is most abundant in hypothalamic astrocytes , where it blocks the ligand dependent activation of glial erbB 4 and erbB 2 receptors , without affecting erbB 1 ( EGF ) receptor signaling . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
These cells predominantly expressed fibroblast growth factor receptor type 1 ( FGFR 1 ) , and a minority exhibited basic fibroblast growth factor ( bFGF ) , whereas few expressed epidermal growth factor receptor ( EGFR ) or EGF . ^^^ These cells were also primarily FGFR 1 ( + ) , with few EGFR ( + ) , and most expanded and progressed along their expected lineages in bFGF containing medium but not in EGF containing medium . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
The changes in EGFR phosphorylation were observed after EGF treatment . ^^^ Meanwhile , after EGF had been added into pTet on LMP 1 HNE2 cells , increase of EGFR phosphorylation was induced , but it was completely blocked by EGFR dominant negative mutant and the introduction of LMP 1 antisense . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Biopsy specimens were taken at 3 , 5 and 9 days following treatment and immunohistochemistry method was used to detect the epidermal growth factor ( EGF ) , EGF receptor ( EGF R ) , NGF , NGF receptor ( NGF R ) , NGF , NGF R , CD 68 and CD 3 . ^^^ RESULTS : The expression of EGF , EGF R , NGF , NGF R CD 68 and CD 3 were observed in the experimental group , especially at 5 and 9 days , no expression of those six items in the control group . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
These effects correlate with altered expression of the epidermal growth factor receptor ( EGFR ) , epidermal growth factor ( EGF ) , and transforming growth factor alpha ( TGF alpha ) . ^^^ These results show that EGF and TGF alpha are not required for response to TCDD ; however , the specific ligand available to bind EGFR affects the responsiveness to TCDD . ^^^ The responses of EGF + TGF alpha ( / ) mice were like the WT except at higher doses where sensitivity to CP increased , suggesting that the responses may be mediated by alternative ligands for EGFR that are not functional equivalents of EGF or TGF alpha . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Stimulation of angiogenesis by pS 2 in the CAM assay is blocked by pharmacological inhibitors of cyclooxygenase COX 2 ( NS 398 ) and epidermal growth factor receptor ( EGF R ) tyrosine kinase ( ZD 1839 ) , but is independent of KDR / Flk 1 and thromboxane A 2 receptors . ^^^ In contrast , the morphogenic switch induced by pS 2 in HUVEC cells could be inhibited by the specific KDR heptapeptide antagonist ATWLPPR and by inhibitors of COX 2 and EGF R signaling . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
We examined the structural requirements of the AT 1 receptor for transactivation of the epidermal growth factor ( EGF ) receptor ( EGFR ) . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
In this study , we investigated the effects of thyroid hormone on cerebellar development and the coincident expression of transforming growth factor alpha ( TGF alpha ) , a ligand in the epidermal growth factor ( EGF ) family , and the epidermal growth factor receptor ( EGFR ) . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
We demonstrated that the TPA or epidermal growth factor ( EGF ) induced AP 1 activation in the B82L cells that express wild type EGFR , but not in the B 82 cell , whereas autophosphorylation at tyrosine ( 1173 ) of EGFR in B82L cells was only induced by EGF , but not TPA . ^^^ The expression of tyrosine kinase deficient EGFR ( mutation at Lys 721 ) ( B82M721 ) resulted in deficiency of AP 1 induction in cellular response to EGF , while TPA treatment led to fully AP 1 activation . ^^^ Furthermore , the mutation at Lys 721 of EGFR resulted in impairing of EGFR autophosphorylation at tyrosine ( 1173 ) induced by EGF . ^^^ Based on these results , we conclude that TPA induced AP 1 activation requires the basal level EGFR protein , but not EGFR tyrosine kinase and EGFR autophosphorylation at tyrosine ( 1173 ) , whereas both EGFR tyrosine kinase and EGFR autophosphorylation at Y ( 1173 ) play a critical role in EGF induced AP 1 activation . . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
To investigate the intrinsic activities of the epidermal growth factor receptor and the role of its kinase domain in these functions within a cellular environment lacking endogenous ErbB protein expression , wild type EGF receptor ( WT EGFR ) and two kinase impaired mutants , D813A and K721R , were expressed in 32D murine hematopoietic cells , a line which is normally dependent on interleukin 3 ( IL 3 ) for growth and survival . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
EGF plays its role in the proliferation of hepatoma cells through binding with EGF receptor ( EGFR ) and a series of signal transduction . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Here we investigated whether the androgen has a direct effect on alpha6beta4 EGF receptor ( EGFR ) interaction and signalling leading to invasion of these cells . ^^^ Immunoconfocal microscopy demonstrated that in control cells ( PC 3 Neo ) , alpha6beta4 and EGFR colocalize and redistribute in response to epidermal growth factor ( EGF ) . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Our results show that treatment with the selective EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitor AG 1478 , at concentrations that completely blocked the increase in tyrosine phosphorylation of these proteins induced by EGF , did not affect the stimulation of tyrosine phosphorylation of either FAK or paxillin induced by multiple GPCR agonists including LPA , BOM , vasopressin , bradykinin , and endothelin . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
The PCB effects were studied by semiquantitative RT PCR analysis of AhR target genes ( cytochrome P 450 ( CYP ) 1A1 , 1A2 , UDP glucuronosyl transferase 1 , glutathione S transferase pi 1 and aldehyde dehydrogenase ) and dioxin responsive genes ( IL 1beta , PAI 2 , Cox 2 , TGFalpha , EGF , erbB 1 4 , c fos , c jun , HSP 90 , cyclophilin 40 ) , and by differential display ( DD ) RT PCR . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
RESULTS : The conjugate showed dose dependent cytotoxicity on EGF receptor ( EGFR ) overexpressing BT 20 cells with an IC 50 of 1 . 5 10 10 ( 7 ) M , whereas the IC 50 of ECP alone was almost 10 ( 4 ) M . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
The EGFR ERK association is detected in unstimulated cells or on exposure to a low concentration of EGF ; under these conditions , ERK activation is minimal . ^^^ Exposure of these cells to saturating concentrations of EGF results in a decreased membrane localization of ERKs , a concomitant dissociation of ERKs from the EGFR , and restores ERK activation . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Increased expression of epidermal growth factor receptor ( EGF receptor ) has been reported for the colon mucosa surrounding areas of ulceration , suggesting a pivotal role in mucosal defence and repair . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
The similarity of the wavy coat phenotype to those of Tgfa and Egfr mutations and the map positions of cub and mcub suggest candidate genes that interact in the EGF receptor signal transduction pathway . . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
To investigate the epidermal growth factor receptor ( EGFR ) pathway , we employ stable isotopic amino acids in cell culture ( SILAC ) to differentially label proteins in EGF stimulated versus unstimulated cells . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
METHODS : H 292 or primary bronchial epithelial cells were exposed to EGF or H2O2 to achieve ligand dependent and ligand independent EGFR activation ; IL 8 mRNA was measured by real time PCR and IL 8 and MIP 1alpha protein measured by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay ( ELISA ) . ^^^ RESULTS : Using H 292 cells , EGF and H2O2 increased IL 8 gene expression and release and this was completely suppressed by the EGFR selective tyrosine kinase inhibitor , AG 1478 , but only partially by dexamethasone . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Here , we show that autophosphorylation of EGFR at tyrosine 992 is required for EGF induced membrane ruffle formation in CHO cells . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Stimulation of EGFR by EGF induced EGFR phosphorylation but no association with CD 95 or CD 95 phosphorylation . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Addition of epidermal growth factors receptor ( EGFR ) antibody to cells exposed to media devoid of EGF and media supplemented with TGF alpha showed marked suppression of proliferation of target cells . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
METHODS : Cells expressing the epidermal growth factor receptor ( EGFR ) in its endogenous form or fused to green fluorescent protein were incubated with 1 microm microspheres covalently functionalized with EGF . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
The epidermal growth factor ( EGF ) is one of the growth factors that are synthesized by the pituitary gland , and almost all of the pituitary cells have EGF receptors ( EGFR ) . ^^^ In contrast , in adult pituitary cells EGF does not induce any change in cell adhesion , and the cells maintain a rounded shape with an arrangement of actin F in thin cortical bands even though , immuno localization of the EGFR was observed in adult cells cultured in defined medium . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Transforming growth factor alpha mimicked the effect of EGF on C2GnT , implicating the EGF receptor ( EGF R ) in C2GnT suppression , and the EGF R tyrosine kinase inhibitor AG 1478 blocked C2GnT suppression , confirming the role of EGF R in the inhibition of C2GnT expression . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
EGF stimulated secretion was inhibited by the EGF receptor ( EGFR ) inhibitor AG 1478 , but not by the phosphoinositide 3 kinase inhibitor LY 292004 or the mitogen activated kinase kinase ( MEK ) inhibitor U 0126 . ^^^ CONCLUSIONS : EGF stimulates lacrimal gland secretion of protein by activating the EGFR to increase [ Ca ( 2+ ) ] ( 1 ) and activate PKC . . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Furthermore , tyrosine phosphorylated EGFR was specifically immunoprecipitated with antiphosphotyrosine antibodies from EGF treated cumulus cells isolated from the large follicles . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Furthermore , incubation of cells with exogenous OPN increased ligand ( TGFalpha > EGF ) and EGF receptor ( EGFR ) mRNA expression , as well as EGFR kinase activity . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
This review highlights some of the major recent findings pertinent to the EGF receptor ( EGFR ) and its ligands with special reference to elucidating how EGF and its related growth factors work together to regulate reproduction , growth and development . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
OBJECTIVES : To investigate the matrix metalloproteinases ( MMPs ) 2 and 9 in bladder cancer cell lines stimulated with epidermal growth factor ( EGF ) , and to investigate the presence of gelatinases in the urine of patients with bladder tumours , in relation to the stage and grade of tumour and the EGF receptor ( EGFR ) status . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
The epidermal growth factor receptor ( EGF R ) pathway plays a pivotal role in the progression of human gastric cancer . ^^^ We examined the expression of NRP 1 mRNA and EGF R protein in seven human gastric cancer cell lines . ^^^ NRP 1 expression was expressed in five of seven cell lines , and EGF R expression closely mirrored NRP 1 expression . ^^^ Moreover , in EGF R positive NCI N 87 and ST 2 cells , EGF induced both NRP 1 and VEGF mRNA expression . ^^^ C 225 , a monoclonal antibody to EGF R , blocked EGF induced NRP 1 and VEGF expression in NCI N 87 cells in a dose dependent manner . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Epidermal growth factor ( EGF ) receptor is the prototype of the ErbB ( HER ) family receptor tyrosine kinases ( RTKs ) , which regulate cell growth and differentiation and are implicated in many human cancers . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
The heparin binding epidermal growth factor ( EGF ) like growth factor ( HB EGF ) is a member of the EGF family of growth factors that binds to and activates the EGF receptor ( EGFR ) and the related receptor tyrosine kinase , ErbB 4 . ^^^ The cardiac valve and the ventricular chamber phenotypes resembled those displayed by mice lacking EGFR , a receptor for HB EGF , and by mice conditionally lacking ErbB 2 , respectively . ^^^ HB EGF induced tyrosine phosphorylation of ErbB 2 and ErbB 4 , and to a lesser degree , of EGFR in cardiac myocytes . ^^^ Heparin binding EGF like growth factor and ErbB signaling is essential for heart function . ^^^ HB EGF ErbB interactions in the heart were examined in vivo by administering HB EGF to WT mice . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
These observations indicate that EGF recruits Raf to membranes via a mechanism that does not involve PA , and thus , Ang 2 mediated phosphorylation of ERK is partially independent of EGFR mediated signaling cascades . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
The epidermal growth factor ( EGF ) receptor ( EGFR ) plays a central role in regulating cell proliferation , differentiation , and migration . ^^^ Cellular responses to EGF are dependent upon the amount of EGFR present on the cell surface . ^^^ Here , we demonstrate that EGFR is removed from the cell surface not only following stimulation with EGF , but also in response to stimulation of G protein coupled lysophosphatidic acid ( LPA ) and beta 2 adrenergic ( beta2AR ) receptors . ^^^ Using a FLAG epitope tagged EGFR to quantitate receptor internalization , we show that incubation with EGF , LPA , or isoproterenol ( ISO ) causes the time dependent loss of cell surface EGFR . ^^^ Unexpectedly , we find that internalization of the EGFR by EGF is dependent upon Gbetagamma and beta arrestin proteins ; expression of minigenes encoding the carboxyl terminii of the G protein coupled receptor kinase 2 , or beta arrestin 1 , attenuates LPA , ISO , and EGF mediated internalization of EGFR . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
PURPOSE : We determined whether blockade of the epidermal growth factor receptor ( EGF R ) signaling pathway by oral administration of the EGF R tyrosine kinase inhibitor ( PKI 166 ) alone or in combination with injectable Taxol inhibits the growth of PC 3MM2 human prostate cancer cells in the bone of nude mice . ^^^ Expression of epidermal growth factor ( EGF ) , EGF R , and activated EGF R in tumor cells and tumor associated endothelial cells was determined by immunohistochemistry . ^^^ Immunohistochemical analysis revealed that PC 3MM2 cells growing adjacent to the bone expressed high levels of EGF and activated EGF R , whereas tumor cells in the adjacent musculature did not . ^^^ Moreover , endothelial cells within the bone tumor lesions , but not in uninvolved bone or tumors in the muscle , expressed high levels of activated EGF R . ^^^ Treatment with PKI 166 and more so with PKI 166 plus Taxol significantly inhibited phosphorylation of EGF R on tumor and endothelial cells and induced significant apoptosis and endothelial cells within tumor lesions . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Quantitative analysis of colocalization of EGF rhodamine conjugate and coated pits labeled with yellow fluorescent protein tagged beta 2 subunit of clathrin adaptor complex AP 2 revealed that EGFR mutants lacking Grb 2 binding sites do not efficiently enter coated pits . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
BACKGROUND / PURPOSE : Epidermal growth factor ( EGF ) and its receptor ( EGFR ) are key components in the genesis of adaptation after small bowel resection ( SBR ) . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Furthermore , the highest dose of UVA ( 9 J / cm ( 2 ) ) prevented the EGF induced Tyr phosphorylation of the EGF receptor ( EGF R ) . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Each of these cell types expresses the epidermal growth factor receptor ( EGFR ) and responds to EGF stimulation with significant but transient ERK1 / 2 phosphorylation . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Although GH did not discernibly affect EGF induced EGFR tyrosine phosphorylation , we observed by immunoblotting a substantial decrease of EGF induced EGFR degradation in the presence of GH . ^^^ Fluorescence microscopy studies indicated that EGF induced intracellular redistribution of an EGFR cyan fluorescent protein chimera was markedly reduced by GH cotreatment , in support of the immunoblotting results . ^^^ Notably , protection from EGF induced degradation and inhibition of EGF induced intracellular redistribution afforded by GH were both prevented by a MEK 1 inhibitor , suggesting a role for GH induced ERK activation in regulating the trafficking itinerary of the EGF stimulated EGFR . ^^^ These data indicate that GH , by activating ERKs , can modulate EGF induced EGFR trafficking and signaling and expand our understanding of mechanisms of cross talk between the GH and EGF signaling systems . . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Although the EGFR inhibitor tyrphostin ( AG 1478 ) and the MEK inhibitor PD 90859 both attenuated EGF induced levels of the ERCC 1 and XRCC 1 protein , PD 98059 blocked the induction of ERCC 1 and XRCC 1 by radiation more effectively in both cell lines . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
CONCLUSIONS : Because most breast carcinomas overexpress c Src , it behooves one to question the extent to which reducing the amount of EGF and consequent EGFR activity will decrease invasion . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
The epidermal growth factor ( EGF ) receptor ( EGFR ) is one of four homologous transmembrane proteins that mediate the actions of a family of growth factors including EGF , transforming growth factor alpha , and the neuregulins . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
The constitutive degradation rate of the epidermal growth factor ( EGF ) receptor ( EGFR ) is slower than other ErbB family members and only the EGFR appears to alter its trafficking pattern in response to ligand binding . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
The anti EGF receptor ( EGFR ) antibody C 225 , as well as EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitors ZD 1839 and OSI 774 are currently in phase 3 clinical development . ^^^ The ErbB receptors and their cognate ligands that belong to the epidermal growth factor ( EGF ) family of peptides are involved in the pathogenesis of different types of carcinomas . ^^^ In fact , the ErbB receptors and the EGF like growth factors are frequently expressed in human tumors . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Significance of expression of epidermal growth factor ( EGF ) and its receptor ( EGFR ) in chronic cholecystitis and gallbladder carcinoma ] . ^^^ BACKGROUND & OBJECTIVE : Epidermal growth factor ( EGF ) and its receptor ( EGFR ) play an important role in tumorigenesis . ^^^ This study was designed to investigate the relationship between the expression of EGF and EGFR in chronic cholecystitis and gallbladder carcinoma . ^^^ METHOD : SABC immunohistochemistry was used to determine the expression of EGF , EGFR , and proliferating cell nuclear antigen ( PCNA ) in surgically resected specimens of 41 gallbladder carcinomas , 26 simple hyperplasia tissues , 14 dysplasia tissues , and 10 normal gallbladder tissues . ^^^ RESULTS : The positive expression rates of EGF and EGFR were higher in gallbladder carcinomas ( 63 . 4 % , 70 . 7 % ) and dysplasia tissues ( 71 . 4 % , 85 . 7 % ) than in simple hyperplasia tissues ( 15 . 4 % , 27 % ) and normal gallbladder tissues ( 0 % , 0 % ) ( P < 0 . 01 ) ; PCNA counting score tended to increase with the severity of mucosa change degree ( P < 0 . 01 ) , which were 1 . 0 in normal tissues , 1 . 0 in simple hyperplasia tissues , 1 . 9288+ / 0 . 9972 in dysplasia tissues , and 3 . 0488+ / 0 . 669 in gallbladder carcinomas . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
By contrast , EGF activates ErbB 1 / ErbB 1 or ErbB 1 / ErbB 2 dimers and induces cell growth and survival . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Our objective in the present study was to assess the effect of Ang 2 on glucose transporter 1 ( GLUT 1 ) gene expression and to clarify the involvement of EGF R in Ang 2 mediated GLUT 1 mRNA expression in glomerular mesangial cells . ^^^ The Ang Il induced GLUT 1 expression was significantly inhibited by the EGF R inhibitor AG 1478 ( approximately 80 % inhibition ) , by inactivation of ERK by PD 98059 , and by pretreatment with heparin and the metalloproteinase ( MMP ) inhibitor batimastat . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Because of the low affinity of PCI for the epidermal growth factor receptor , it was decided to design EGF mutants with PCI abilities . ^^^ Epidermal growth factor ( EGF ) is a protein that belongs to the family of growth factors that bind the ErbB receptors , which play a prominent role in the development of carcinomas . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Previous studies have demonstrated that 2 , 3 , 7 , 8 tetracholorodibenzo p dioxin ( TCDD ) mimics epidermal growth factor receptor ( EGFR ) signaling in the MCF 10A human mammary epithelial cell line and protects cells from EGF withdrawal induced apoptosis . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Neuroglian activates Echinoid to antagonize the Drosophila EGF receptor signaling pathway . echinoid ( ed ) encodes an cell adhesion molecule ( CAM ) that contains immunoglobulin domains and regulates the EGFR signaling pathway during Drosophila eye development . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Although the age related activation of EGF receptor ( EGFR ) in the gastric mucosa of Fischer 344 rats is associated with increased DNA binding activity of activator protein 1 ( AP 1 ) , little is known about the EGFR signaling cascades that regulate this process . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
EGF treatment of cells led to transient association of Cbl and the epidermal growth factor receptor ( EGFR ) with a constitutive CD2AP endophilin complex . ^^^ Immunofluorescence analysis revealed that the EGFR , CD2AP , and cortactin co localized in regions of EGF induced membrane ruffles . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
With a view to their use in cancer therapy , we have produced rat monoclonal antibodies ( MAbs ) directed against 5 distinct epitopes ( A E ) on the external domain of the wild type human EGF receptor ( EGFR ) . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Because IF , but not RCE , increased plasma epidermal growth factor ( EGF ) concentration by approximately 1 , 000 fold , we hypothesized that EGF receptor ( ErbB 1 ) activation may protect the heart against stress induced injury . ^^^ The effect required ErbB 1 activation , because simultaneous administration of AG 1478 completely abolished the effect of exogenous EGF . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
As epithelial fusion takes place during primary palate formation , we investigated the involvement of the EGF R in fusion of the medial ( MNP ) and lateral ( LNP ) nasal prominences of the mouse embryo was examined . ^^^ Immunoreactivity of EGF R was investigated in embryonic day 10 embryos ( 32 37 somite stages ) . ^^^ The EGF R immunoreactivity was observed in the nasal epithelia of the presumptive fusion area before fusion . ^^^ In order to elucidate whether the EGF / EGF R signaling pathway was involved in nasal epithelial fusion , EGF solution was injected into the exocoelum of explanted mouse embryos , and the embryos were cultured for 18 24 h by whole embryo culture ( WEC ) . ^^^ Treatment with EGF for 4 14 h showed that exogenous EGF disturbed the EGF R disappearance and normal alteration of epithelial cell morphology in the fusion area . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Deregulated and excessive expression of epidermal growth factor receptor ( EGFR or erbB 1 ) , a transmembrane receptor tyrosine kinase specific for the epidermal growth factor ( EGF ) , is a feature and / or cause of a wide range of human cancers , and thus inhibition of its expression is potentially therapeutic . ^^^ We established an inverse correlation between the level of expressed erbB 1 and EGF sensitivity on a cell by cell basis using flow cytometry . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
In BT 474 breast cancer cells , ZD 1839 abolished EGF and heregulin induced activation of ErbB receptors and downstream signaling molecules . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
At the same time , IFNalpha increases the expression and function of the epidermal growth factor receptor ( EGF R ) . ^^^ On the basis of these results , we have hypothesized that the increased EGF R expression and function could represent an inducible survival response that might protect tumor cells from apoptosis caused by IFNalpha via extracellular signal regulated kinase 1 and 2 ( Erk 1 / 2 ) cascades . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
The cell line U138MG , which lacked EGFR , was the only cell line insensitive to DAB ( 389 ) EGF . ^^^ Linear regression analysis showed a good correlation between EGFR density and DAB ( 389 ) EGF sensitivity ( P < 0 . 001 ) and between results of flow cytometry and radiolabeled binding assays of EGFR density ( P = 0 . 01 ) . ^^^ DAB ( 389 ) EGF may have potential for intracranial therapy of EGFR positive glioblastomas . . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
RT PCR analysis revealed that the EGF receptors erbB 1 , erbB 2 , erbB 3 and erbB 4 were expressed at all stages of the spermatogenic wave , whereas differential expression was found in isolated Leydig , Sertoli and peritubular cells . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Constitutive EGFR autophosphorylation was low in primary cell cultures , but addition of EGF ( 50 ng / ml ) caused marked EGFR autophosphorylation ; cellular proliferation in the presence of EGF was inhibited by ZD 1839 with a mean IC ( 50 ) of 0 . 45 microM . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Abundance of P 450 side chain cleavage ( P450scc ) mRNA was higher in the smallest preovulatory follicle ( F 6 ) compared with SYF , whereas FSH and EGF receptor ( FSHr and EGFr , respectively ) mRNA abundance was similar . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
These results indicate that injury causes the activation of EGFR but that EGF alone is not responsible for the degradation of hemidesmosomes and that other growth factors play a role in the complex repair of wounds in an avascular tissue . . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
We hypothesize that the expression of epidermal growth factor receptor ( EGFR ) , epidermal growth factor ( EGF ) , and transforming growth factor alpha ( TGFalpha ) in GCT have a role in the development of PEH overlying some GCT . ^^^ Sections from 13 cases of GCT ( five with overlying PEH ) were examined histologically and evaluated immunohistochemically using monoclonal antibodies for EGFR , EGF , and TGFalpha . ^^^ None of the GCT stained with EGFR or EGF . ^^^ All cases of PEH , whether or not associated with GCT , were reactive for EGFR and EGF . ^^^ Epidermal growth factor receptor and EGF do not seem to be directly involved . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
The tyrosine kinase activities of a receptor for EGF ( EGFR ) and 5 Src were strongly inhibited and that of KDR / Flk 1 was weakly inhibited by beta HIVS . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
In response to EGF attached to beads , lateral propagation of EGFR phosphorylation occurs at the plasma membrane , representing an early amplification step in EGFR signalling . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
The epidermal growth factor receptor is a transmembrane glycoprotein that mediates the cellular responses to epidermal growth factor ( EGF ) and transforming growth factor alpha ( TGF alpha ) . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Pretreatment of cell monolayers with Calphostin C before EGF treatment , one of the ligands of EGFR , blocked the redistribution of E cadherin caused by EGF . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Treatment of cultured glioma cells with the EGFR TKI gefitinib ( `` Iressa ' ' , ZD 1839 ) increases the uptake of astatinated EGF despite the absence of gefitinib mediated growth inhibition . ^^^ The EGFR TKI ( epidermal growth factor receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitor ) gefitinib ( `` Iressa ' ' , ZD 1839 ) , a reversible growth inhibitor of EGFR expressing tumour cells , has been shown to enhance the antitumour effect of ionising radiation , and also to increase the uptake of radioiodinated EGF . ^^^ The aim of this study was to evaluate how pre treatment with gefitinib affects binding of astatinated EGF ( ( 211 ) At EGF ) to cultured glioma U 343 cells , which express high levels of EGFR . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Communication between G protein coupled receptor ( GPCR ) and epidermal growth factor receptor ( EGFR ) signalling systems involves cell surface proteolysis of EGF like precursors . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Loss of PTEN / MMAC1 / TEP in EGF receptor expressing tumor cells counteracts the antitumor action of EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitors . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
CONCLUSIONS : These results suggest a model whereby androgens promote an increase in the activity of the epidermal growth factor ( EGF ) network by increasing ErbB 1 levels , and this activity of is essential for androgen induced proliferation and survival of the prostate cancer LNCaP cell line . . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Finally , molecular targeting of the epidermal growth factor receptor ( EGFR ) has been investigated using F 98 glioma cells , which had been transfected with the gene encoding EGFR and , intratumoral injection of boronated EGF as the delivery agent , followed by BNCT . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Epidermal growth factor ( EGF ) receptor ( EGFR ) is involved in various basic biochemical pathways and is thus thought to play an important role in cell migration . ^^^ EGF induced morphological changes with lamellipodia during EGFR mediated motility . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
OBJECTIVE : The objective of this study was to examine the histomorphometric features and evaluate the expression of epidermal growth factor ( EGF ) and transmembranic receptor ( EGFr ) and the proliferative potential of epithelial cells from normal and hereditary gingival fibromatosis ( HGF ) gingival tissues . ^^^ BACKGROUND : EGF is a multifunctional cytokine with a variety of biological effects including stimulation of cell proliferation by binding to its specific EGFr . ^^^ METHODS : Immunohistochemistry was performed to measure EGF and EGFr expression and the epithelial cell proliferation was determined by measuring proliferating cell nuclear antigen ( PCNA ) . ^^^ The EGF and EGFr positive cells were observed in the basal , spinous and granular cell layers of both normal and HGF tissues , with a gradual reduction from the basal layer . ^^^ Although the expressions of EGF and EGFr in the control group were significantly higher than those from HGF , in HGF the epithelial papilla tips showed increased number of proliferating cells and elevated expression of EGF and EGFr . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
In addition , we examined expression of genes involved in regulating the glandular response , including epidermal growth factor ( EGF ) , EGF receptor ( EGFR ) , and mucins ( Muc5Ac and Muc5B ) . ^^^ The ratio of relative gene copy numbers between the SAR and NR groups were as follows : H1R , 0 . 85 ( P = 0 . 52 ) ; H2R , 0 . 67 ( P = 0 . 35 ) ; EGF , 1 . 02 ( P = 0 . 93 ) , and EGFR , 103 . 5 ( P < 0 . 05 ) . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Binding of ouabain to Na / K ATPase changes the interaction of the enzyme with neighboring membrane proteins and induces the formation of multiple signaling modules , resulting in activation of Src , transactivation of the EGF receptor ( EGFR ) , and increased production of reactive oxygen species ( ROS ) . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Before stimulation , cells were incubated with the EGF receptor ( EGFR ) inhibitor , AG 1478 ( 10 ( 7 ) M ) or the muscarinic M ( 3 ) receptor inhibitor , 4 diphenylacetoxy N ( 2 chloroethyl ) piperidine hydrochloride ( 4 DAMP ; 10 ( 5 ) M ) for 10 minutes . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
METHODS : The expression of EGF receptor ( EGFR ) , proliferating cell nuclear antigen Ki 67 , collagen 4 protein and laminin in 18 specimens of cholesteatoma was stained immunohistochemically and compared with that in epidermis of 8 specimens of normal external auditory meatus skin . ^^^ CONCLUSION : The overexpression of EGFR suggest a hyperproliferative state in cholesteatoma and there is a close relationship between the EGF and hyperproliferation of cholesteatoma . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Heparin binding epidermal growth factor ( HB EGF ) and betacellulin ( BTC ) are activating ligands for EGF receptor ( EGFR / ErbB1 ) and ErbB 4 . ^^^ These results suggest that cardiac valvulogenesis is dependent on EGFR activation by TACE derived soluble HB EGF , and that EGFR signaling is required to regulate bone morphogenetic protein signaling in this context . . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
METHODS : A 50 % proximal SBR or sham operation was performed in 3 groups of mice control , after exogenous EGF , or mutant mice with defective EGFR signaling ( waved 2 ) . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Furthermore , accumulation of transferrin and EGF in the HIP 1 transformed cells was increased , and breast tumors that had EGFR expressed also had HIP 1 upregulated . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
EGF receptor analysis with immunohistochemistry with EGFR antibodies directed against the extracellular domain of the receptor was not correlated with tumor invasion or prognosis . mRNA expression of EGFR ligands was investigated using semiquantitative RT PCR amplification using specific primers . ^^^ RT PCR transcripts of EGFR ligands ( EGF , TGF alpha , HB EGF , and amphiregulin ) were detected in both carcinomas and normal mucosa , indicating that autocrine growth stimulation of colorectal carcinomas is mediated by coexpression of EGF receptor ligands and upregulation of EGF receptors . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Because mucus accumulation is regulated via the EGF receptor ( EGFR ) , which is also implicated in the effects of LT , we studied this pathway with AG 1478 , an EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitor given at 0 . 5 , 4 , and 20 mg / kg . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Our results revealed that the blockade of epidermal growth factor receptor ( EGFR ) tyrosine kinase and protein kinase A ( PKA ) signaling pathways by specific inhibitors ( PD 153035 and Rp cAMPs ) leads to a synergistic inhibition of EGF and serum stimulated growth of human prostatic cancer cells ( LNCaP , DU 145 and PC 3 ) concomitant with an arrest in the G 1 phase of cellular cycle . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
In all three antiestrogen resistant cells the PR was undetectable , whereas binding of epidermal growth factor ( EGF ) and protein expression of epidermal growth factor receptor ( EGFR ) were increased . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Overexpression of Cbl attenuated EGF induced tyrosine phosphorylation and the subsequent activation of PLC gamma 1 by interfering competitively with the interaction between PLC gamma 1 and EGFR . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
The Ang 2 induced proliferation of breast cancer cells was reduced by ( a ) G6976 , an inhibitor of conventional PKC alpha and beta 1 , ( b ) AG 1478 , an inhibitor of the tyrosine kinase of the EGF receptor ( EGFR ) , and ( c ) downregulation of 1 , 2 diacylglycerol sensitive PKCs achieved by phorbol 12 myristate 13 acetate ( PMA ) . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
The EGF Receptor ( EGFR ) , the first transmembrane receptor tyrosine kinase cloned and sequenced , and its closely related family members HER 2 , HER 3 , and HER 4 , play myriad roles in mammalian growth and development . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
In the sheep , however , the uterine distribution of these factors and their receptor , EGF receptor ( EGF R ) , during implantation is not known . ^^^ This study examined the presence of mRNA transcripts and immunohistochemical localization for transforming growth factor alpha ( TGF alpha ) , the potent EGF family member , and EGF R in the ovine uterus during the early implantation period . ^^^ By reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction and sequencing of the products , the presence of TGF alpha and EGF R mRNA transcripts were detected in the endometrium on Days 14 , 16 and 20 ( Day 0 = day of mating ) . ^^^ Immunohistochemical analysis revealed that the luminal and glandular epithelial cells and some stromal cells of the endometrium and the trophectoderm were positive for TGF alpha and EGF R on Days 14 and 15 . ^^^ Distinct staining for TGF alpha was observed in the glandular epithelium of deep endometrial areas and strong immunoreactivity for EGF R was found in the trophectoderm . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Finally , reduction of functional TACE gene dosage greatly exacerbated the open eye defect of Egfr ( wa 2 / wa 2 ) newborns , which is regulated by redundant actions of several EGF family ligands . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Here we evaluated EGFR activation , Cbl recruitment , EGFR ubiquitination and degradation in response to EGF , TGF alpha , and E4T . ^^^ Our results demonstrate that E4T and TGF alpha provoke decreased Cbl recruitment , EGFR ubiquitination and EGFR degradation compared with EGF . ^^^ In contrast , lactacystin treatment blocks EGF induced c Cbl degradation but does not block EGFR degradation , even though lactacystin causes a minor delay in EGFR degradation . ^^^ Surprisingly , even though bafilomycin completely blocks EGFR degradation , it does not prevent EGFR de ubiquitination upon prolonged EGF stimulation . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
AngII and other G protein coupled receptor ligands known to transactivate EGFR phosphorylated the 170 kDa EGFR but not the 145 kDa EGFR , whereas EGF , heparin binding EGF like growth factor , and transforming growth factor alpha phosphorylated both receptors . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
In this study , the human cyclin dependent kinase inhibitor gene p 21 ( WAF 1 ) and the murine cytokine gene granulocyte macrophage colony stimulating factor ( GM CSF ) were used simultaneously for in vivo gene therapy through systemic injection of the EGF R targeted GE7 / DNA complex into murine hepatoma bearing mice . ^^^ All these results suggested that the GE 7 system was able to target therapeutic genes efficiently to cancer cells , which showed high EGF R expression . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Overexpression of receptor tyrosine kinases including the epidermal growth factor receptor ( EGF R ) as well as nonreceptor tyrosine kinases , such as Src , have been implicated in the formation of human lung cancers . ^^^ Furthermore , the stimulation of Stat 3 DNA binding activity by EGF requires the activity of EGF R tyrosine kinase as well as Src kinase , while the upregulation of Stat 3 activity by IL 6 or HGF requires only Src kinase activity . ^^^ These results demonstrate a role of Stat 3 in transducing survival signals downstream of tyrosine kinases such as Src , EGF R , and c Met , as well as cytokines such as IL 6 , in human nonsmall cell lung cancers . . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
We studied the effect of epidermal growth factor ( EGF ) and a specific inhibitor of EGFR , ZM 252868 , on the growth and invasiveness of the prostate cancer cell lines PC 3 and DU 145 . ^^^ Our results indicate that EGF is a potent stimulative agent for both growth and invasion in prostate cancer cells , and that targeting the EGFR function inhibits not only tumor growth but also invasiveness . . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
We have identified short peptide sequences from a random peptide library integrated into the thioredoxin scaffold protein , which specifically bind to the intracellular domain of the EGF receptor ( EGFR ) . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Detachment induced expression of Bim requires a lack of beta ( 1 ) integrin engagement , downregulation of EGF receptor ( EGFR ) expression and inhibition of Erk signalling . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Internalization rates of EGFR induced by Erbitux on these cell lines were determined using 125I EGF binding assay after removal of Erbitux by acidic wash . ^^^ Cell lysates were harvested after cells were stimulated with EGF , FGF , or IGF 1 respectively , and EGFR was immunoprecipitated using Erbitux . ^^^ Immunoblots showed that Grb 2 was co immunoprecipitated with EGFR after EGF stimulation . ^^^ CONCLUSIONS : 1 ) Association of Grb 2 to EGFR in BxPC 3 induced by EGF in the presence of Erbitux indicates an alternate pathway of Ras MAPK activation , which may be related with the tumor resistance to treatment ; 2 ) transactivation of EGFR downstream Ras MAPK pathway by FGF contributes the resistance to treatment ; and 3 ) downregulation of EGFR may increase the response to therapy . . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Among the best studied growth factor receptors are the two members of EGF receptor familiy EGFr ( ErbB 1 ) , and Her2 / neu ( ErbB 2 ) . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
To test a functional role for HB EGF in ET 1 signaling , we showed that exogenous HB EGF stimulated phosphorylation of ErbB 1 and growth of mesangial cells . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Coimmunoprecipitation experiments also indicated that Grb 7 and NIK could be simultaneously recruited into signaling complexes of all known EGF / heregulin receptors , including EGFR , ErbB 2 , ErbB 3 , and ErbB 4 . ^^^ This effort identified ErbB 4 , one of the EGF / heregulin receptors , and Grb 7 , an adapter protein associated with ErbB 4 ( ErbB , epidermal growth factor receptor family protein ; EGF , epidermal growth factor ; Grb , growth factor receptor bound ) . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
The recombinant protein could produce antibodies to recognize extracellular domain and full length of mouse EGFR , and form homodimer in the presence of EGF detected by western blot analysis . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
The epidermal growth factor ( EGF ) family of tyrosine kinase receptors ( erbB receptors ) are expressed at high levels in a wide variety of human cancers and have been associated with various features of advanced disease and poor prognosis . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
E 2 , P 4 , leptin and IGF 1 levels in serum or follicular fluid ( FF ) were measured with radioimmunoassay ; cyclin D 2 , EGF receptor ( EGF R ) , and inhibin alpha mRNA levels in luteinized granulosa cells were measured with RT PCR ; and IGFBP 4 and PAPP A levels in FF were measured with Western blot analysis . ^^^ Cyclin D 2 , EGF R , and inhibin alpha mRNA expression in luteinized granulosa cells were not different among three groups . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Phosphorylated EGFR p185c neu heterodimeric forms were detected in the absence of EGF , but the species became highly phosphorylated after EGF stimulation . ^^^ To evaluate heterodimer formation and additional transactivation by EGF , we investigated the roles of the four extracellular subdomains of p185c neu and the EGFR . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Various chimeras of the ErbB 1 specific ligands epidermal growth factor ( EGF ) and transforming growth factor alpha ( TGFalpha ) display an enlarged repertoire as activators of ErbB2 . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Plasma membrane phospholipid scramblase 1 promotes EGF dependent activation of c Src through the epidermal growth factor receptor . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Co immunoprecipitation and immunolocalization demonstrated that EGF co localized with PKCalpha and EGFR , however , PMA did not abrogate EGFR transactivation . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
As expression and activation levels of the epidermal growth factor receptor ( EGFR ) predict the metastatic potential of human colorectal cancers , the purpose of this study was to establish whether the EGF receptor tyrosine kinase ( EGFR TK ) contributes to cellular invasion induced by TFFs in kidney and colonic cancer cells . ^^^ Similarly , EGFR TK inhibition by ZD 1839 reversed the invasive phenotype promoted by the constitutively activated form of the EGFR ( EGFRvIII ) and the EGFR agonists transforming growth factor alpha ( TGFalpha ) , amphiregulin and EGF . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Effects of EGF / EGFR expression on atrophic gastritis in rats ] . ^^^ OBJECTIVE : To investigate the epidermal growth factor ( EGF ) and epidermal growth factor receptor ( EGFR ) expression in atrophic gastritis in rats to explore the relationship between EGF and chronic atrophic gastritis ( CAG ) . ^^^ METHODS : The serum EGF and gastric mucosal , EGFR level were measured in 20 rats with CAG and 20 normal controls . ^^^ RESULTS : The average EGF level ( 0 . 149+ / 0 . 020 ) microg / L and 80 % positive rate of EGFR expression observed in CAG group were significantly higher than those in control group [ ( 0 . 043+ / 0 . 003 ) microg / L and 0 % , P < 0 . 01 ] . ^^^ CONCLUSION : The study demonstrates an association of high levels of EGF and positive EGFR expression in CAG rats . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
PURPOSE : To construct an EGF receptor ( EGF R ) mediated histone H 1 ( 0 ) based gene delivery system for gene therapy . ^^^ METHODS : A recombinant DNA containing histone H 1 ( 0 ) , EGF R ligand , and endosomalytic domains was constructed in a prokaryotic vector and expressed in E . coli . ^^^ RESULTS : As an extension of the research on previously reported chemically synthetic composite polypeptide gene delivery systems , this genetically engineered polypeptide has proved to be capable of targeting the beta galactosidase ( beta gal ) gene into EGF R positive cancer cells both in vitro and in vivo . ^^^ CONCLUSIONS : The genetically engineered polypeptide based on histone H 1 ( 0 ) is a promising gene delivery system targeting EGF R . . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
To determine the utility of this approach , we simulated the differential activation of the EGFR by two of its ligands , epidermal growth factor ( EGF ) and transforming growth factor alpha ( TGF alpha ) . ^^^ Our simulations predict that when EGFR is activated with TGF alpha , receptor activation is biased toward the cell surface whereas EGF produces a signaling bias toward the endosomal compartment . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Inhibition of ErbB 2 and ErbB 3 expression by quercetin prevents transforming growth factor alpha ( TGF alpha ) and epidermal growth factor ( EGF ) induced human PC 3 prostate cancer cell proliferation . ^^^ Co treating PC 3 cells with quercetin significantly attenuated EGF and TGF alpha induced growth and phosphorylation of ErbB 2 , ErbB 3 , c Raf , MAPK kinase 1 / 2 ( MEK1 / 2 ) , MAPK , Elk 1 and Akt 1 . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
By combining the two short pulses of EGF stimulation with our previously established method to generate endosomal EGFR signaling , we are able to generate two pulses of endosomal EGFR signaling . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Epiregulin ( EPR ) is a broad specificity EGF family member that activates ErbB 1 and ErbB 4 homodimers and all possible heterodimeric ErbB complexes . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Furthermore , expression of ErbB 1 alone or in combination with ErbB 2 in NIH3T3 cells up regulates Mcl 1 following EGF treatment . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
We show that Kek 1 is capable of physically interacting with each of the known members of the mammalian ErbB receptor family and that the Kek1 / EGFR interaction inhibits growth factor binding , receptor autophosphorylation and Erk1 / 2 activation in response to EGF . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
BACKGROUND : The aim of this investigation was to study the cell type specific expression of epidermal growth factor receptor ( EGF R ) and to evaluate changes of the EGF R distribution during transition from maternal milk to solid food in the gastrointestinal tract of young piglets . ^^^ A monoclonal antibody against EGF R was used to examine the pattern and topographical shift of EGF R . ^^^ RESULTS : A significant change in the topographical and cellular distribution of the EGF R could be successfully determined during the transition period . ^^^ The highest immunoreactivity for EGF R was found in enterocytes 2 days before transition from maternal milk , predominantly around the villous tips . ^^^ The analysis of the mitotic activity during the transition period shows that cells that highly express the EGF R have a rather low proliferation rate . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
RESULTS : OCA 1 cell clones expressing various levels of EGF receptor ( OCA 1 EGFR ) were obtained . ^^^ Compared with the results for parental OCA 1 and control vector transfected OCA 1 cells at the 10 % cell survival level , the radioresistance was increased by a factor of 1 . 60 for EGFR C 5 ( high level of EGF receptor expression ) , 1 . 37 for EGFR C 3 ( intermediate level of EGF receptor expression ) , and 1 . 28 for EGFR C 1 ( low level of EGF receptor expression ) . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
EGF , but not Zn ( 2+ ) , induced dimerization of EGFR in A 431 cells and membrane extracts . ^^^ Like EGF , Zn ( 2+ ) induced phosphorylation of EGFR at tyrosines 845 , 1068 , and 1173 . ^^^ However , unlike EGF , Zn ( 2+ ) failed to induce detectable dimerization of EGFR . ^^^ The EGFR kinase inhibitor PD 153035 ablated all phosphorylation induced by EGF but none caused by Zn ( 2+ ) . ^^^ PD 153035 abolished EGF induced phosphorylation of the EGFR substrate Cbl , but had no effect on levels of phospho Cbl caused by Zn ( 2+ ) . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
When expressed in Chinese hamster ovary cells , zebrafish Egfr was a functional receptor that responded to EGF by receptor tyrosine phosphorylation and activation of MAP kinase . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Although EGF induced activation of signaling intermediates and internalization of the EGF receptor ( EGFR ) are normal in the absence of CAML , the recycling of internalized receptors to the plasma membrane is defective , leading to its reduced surface accumulation . ^^^ These data implicate CAML in EGFR signaling and suggest that it may play a role in receptor recycling during long term proliferative responses to EGF . . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
OBJECTIVE : To explore the expressive characteristics of epidermal growth factor ( EGF ) and its receptor ( EGFR ) in tissues of fetal and adult intestines . ^^^ METHODS : The expression intensity and distribution of EGF and EGFR were detected with pathological and immunohistochemical methods in 6 specimens of adult ( 16 54 years ) intestines and 18 specimens of fetal intestines with different gestational ages ( 13 31 weeks ) . ^^^ RESULTS : Positive protein particles of EGF and EGFR could be detected in tissues of fetal and adult intestines . ^^^ The protein expressions of EGF and EGFR were elevated progressively with the gestational age . ^^^ EGF was mainly located in the cytoplasm and extracellular matrix of intestinal villus cells , endothelial cells and tunica serosa epithelial cells , while EGFR chiefly distributed in the cellular membrane of these cells . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
In a genetic screen to uncover mechanisms that negatively regulate ErbB signalling in Caenorhabditis elegans , we isolated a second site mutation ( sy 621 ) that promotes the activity of a gain of function allele ( sa62gf ) of the let 23 ( EGF ) receptor tyrosine kinase . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
These growth factors , most notably EGF , trigger cell proliferation via signal transduction pathways involving EGF R , adapter proteins ( Grb 2 , Shc and Sos ) , Ras , Raf 1 and MAP ( Erk1 / Erk2 ) kinases , which , after translocation to nuclei , activate transcription factors and cell proliferation . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
The EGFR TKI ( epidermal growth factor receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitor ) gefitinib [ ' Iressa ' ( trademark of the AstraZeneca group of companies ) , ZD 1839 ] increases the cellular uptake of radiolabelled epidermal growth factor ( EGF ) . ^^^ We investigated gefitinib treatment combined with astatine 211 EGF targeting in vitro using two cell lines expressing high levels of EGFR : A 431 ( sensitive to gefitinib ) and U343MGaCl2 : 1 ( resistant to gefitinib ) . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Interaction of aldosterone with the epidermal growth factor ( EGF ) receptor is an attractive hypothesis to explain pathological tissue remodeling elicited by aldosterone , because ( 1 ) mineralocorticoids can sensitize cells for EGF , ( 2 ) mineralocorticoid receptor ( MR ) antagonists reduce EGFR mRNA expression , ( 3 ) EGFR itself supports the development of cardiovascular or renal fibrosis , and ( 4 ) signaling elements involved in the pathological action of aldosterone ( similar to ERK1 / 2 or NFkB ) are typical downstream modules during EGF signaling . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Stimulation of HEK 293 cells by EGF caused marked ERK1 / 2 phosphorylation that was attenuated by the selective EGFR receptor ( EGF R ) kinase inhibitor , AG 1478 . ^^^ However , GnRH induced ERK1 / 2 activation was independent of EGF R activation . ^^^ Moreover , GnRH induced phosphorylation of ERK1 / 2 and expression of c fos in HEK 293 cells is independent of Src and EGF R transactivation , and is mediated through the PKC / Raf / MEK cascade . . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
The constitutively active , truncated epidermal growth factor receptor EGFRvIII lacks the ability of EGF binding due to a deletion of the NH ( 2 ) terminal domain . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
RESULTS : Within 1 minute , the proapoptotic bile salts taurolithocholate 3 sulfate and glycochenodeoxycholate induced oxidative stress and EGF receptor ( EGF R ) tyrosine phosphorylation followed by rapid c Jun N terminal kinase ( JNK ) activation . ^^^ Thereafter , EGF R associated with CD 95 with subsequent CD 95 tyrosine phosphorylation , CD 95 membrane targeting , and death inducing signal complex ( DISC ) formation . ^^^ No activation of EGF R or CD 95 was observed with tauroursodeoxycholate or taurocholate . ^^^ Taurolithocholate 3 sulfate induced EGF R phosphorylation was sensitive to N acetylcysteine ( NAC ) and genistein , whereas CD95 / EGF R association was inhibited by NAC , JNK , or protein kinase C inhibition but not by AG 1478 . ^^^ CONCLUSIONS : Induction of apoptosis by hydrophobic bile salts involves EGF R activation and EGF R dependent CD 95 tyrosine phosphorylation , which triggers CD 95 membrane targeting and Fas associated death domain / caspase 8 recruitment . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
A disintegrin and metalloprotease 12 ( ADAM12 / meltrin alpha ) is a key enzyme implicated in the ectodomain shedding of membrane anchored heparin binding epidermal growth factor ( EGF ) like growth factor ( proHB EGF ) dependent epidermal growth factor receptor ( EGFR ) transactivation . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Over expression of wild type Hrs or a double mutant , Y329 / 334F , defective in EGF dependent phosphorylation , both substantially retard EGF receptor ( EGFR ) degradation by inhibiting internal vesicle formation and thereby preventing EGFR incorporation into lumenal vesicles of the multivesicular bodies . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Ligand concentrations were varied for epidermal growth factor ( EGF ) and transforming growth factor alpha ( TGF alpha ) as stimuli , and all of the EGFR tyrosine sites were consequently found to exhibit increased levels of phosphorylation , although at different rates and to different extents . ^^^ Only small differences could be detected between the EGF and the TGF alpha induced EGFR phosphorylation . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
It has been reported previously that integrin mediated cell attachment induces activation of the EGF receptor ( EGFR ) in the absence of EGF . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Originally cloned as an epidermal growth factor receptor ( EGFR ) associated protein involved in receptor sorting and cell polarization , erbin has now been shown to inhibit EGF signaling by preventing the activation of the Raf 1 kinase by Ras . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
We previously demonstrated that epidermal growth factor ( EGF ) induces a decrease in dihydropyrimidine dehydrogenase ( DPD ) , which is the first and rate limiting enzyme in the catabolism of 5 fluorouracil ( 5 FU ) , in EGF receptor ( EGFR ) positive human SKG IIIb uterine cervical carcinoma cells , and thereby increased the sensitivity of the cells to 5 FU . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
By RT PCR and dot blot , we found that EGF and its receptor ( EGFR ) are co expressed in the blastocyst and peri implantational uteri of pregnant days 2 8 ( D 2 D8 ) mice . ^^^ Further investigation by using indirect immunofluorescence and confocal microscope was made to trace EGF and EGFR protein localization during the mouse embryo implantation . ^^^ EGF and EGFR are co localized in the blastocyst , and in the secondary trophoblastic giant cells ( SGC ) of the EPC . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
We have previously shown that exposure to zinc ions can activate epidermal growth factor ( EGF ) receptor ( EGFR ) signaling in murine fibroblasts and A 431 cells through a mechanism involving Src kinase . ^^^ Neutralizing antibodies against EGFR ligands revealed the involvement of heparin binding EGF ( HB EGF ) in Zn ( 2+ ) induced EGFR phosphorylation . ^^^ Incubation with a specific matrix metalloproteinase 3 inhibitor suppressed Zn ( 2+ ) induced EGFR phosphorylation as well as HB EGF release . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Here , we have followed the fate of the down regulated EGF receptor ( EGFR ) and bulk transport ( fluid phase ) markers in the endosomal pathway in vivo and in vitro . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Here , we used this model to investigate the involvement of EGF receptor ( EGFR ) in human urothelial regeneration . ^^^ This regeneration was accompanied by increased HB EGF mRNA expression in cultures of cells from four of six subjects , but no corresponding change in EGFR protein level was observed . ^^^ Our data support an autocrine role of HB EGF in this process and suggest that the EGFR pathway is a potential therapeutic target for modulating urothelial cell proliferation . . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
EGF ( epidermal growth factor ) binding to its receptor ( EGFR ) induces dimerization and autophosphorylation of the receptor at multiple tyrosine residues , which serve as docking sites for recruitment of proteins with SH 2 ( Src homology 2 ) domains that activate multiple downstream signalling pathways . ^^^ Since Ras MAPK and STAT pathways are simultaneously stimulated by EGF , and Tyr 1086 and Tyr 1068 of EGFR are reported to be the binding sites for both Grb 2 and Stat 3 , we investigated the possible regulatory role of Grb 2 in STAT activation . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Stimulation of the cells in vitro with the Ron ligand HGFL or with the EGFR ligand epidermal growth factor ( EGF ) appeared to induce phosphorylation of both receptors . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
We have investigated the protein expression pattern of the four ErbB receptors EGFR , Her 2 / neu , Her 3 and Her 4 , and correlated it with their putative ligands EGF , TGF alpha and HRG in 74 women with invasive breast cancer . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
The ErbB 4 protein plays a role as a receptor for the neuregulins , a large group of structurally related molecules and a few other epidermal growth factor ( EGF ) related polypeptides , such as heparin binding EGF , betacellulin and epiregulin . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
One avenue by which HER 2 overexpression may dysregulate EGFR mediated cell responses , such as proliferation and migration , downstream of EGF family ligand binding , is by its modulation on EGFR endocytic trafficking dynamics . ^^^ Model predictions based on this mechanism exhibited qualitative trends highly similar to data on the fraction of EGF / EGFR complexes sorted to recycling fate as a function of the amount of internalized EGF / EGFR complexes . ^^^ In contrast , model predictions for alternative mechanisms blocking of EGFR / ERC coupling , or altering EGF / EGFR dissociation were inconsistent with the qualitative trends of the experimental data . . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
On the other hand , trials with EGF receptor inhibitors in unselected populations have shown anywhere from modest to no clinical activity . 1 will contrast below aspects in the development of inhibitors of Abl , c Kit , HER2 / neu ( erbB 2 ) , and EGFR , highlight successes and pitfalls in this field , and propose some approaches for the future development of tyrosine kinase inhibitors in human cancer . . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Epidermal growth factor ( EGF ) and transforming growth factor alpha ( TGF alpha ) , both of which bind the EGF receptor ( EGFR ) , are expressed in human and rodent developing prostate . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
In the present study we investigated the prognostic relevance of molecular and immunological changes in pancreatic carcinoma . 82 tissue specimens of adenocarcinoma of the pancreas were stained immunohistochemically with following factors : p 53 , p21WAF1 , Cyklin D , EGF , EGF R , cERB B 2 , CD 95 , BCL 2 and Cathepsin D . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
The authors have previously shown that DAB ( 389 ) EGF is selectively toxic to EGFR overexpressing cells , including human brain tumour and lung carcinoma cell lines . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Phosphorylation was blocked by AG 1478 , a pharmacological inhibitor of the epidermal growth factor receptor tyrosine kinase , implicating intrinsic EGF receptor tyrosine kinase in this process . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
OBJECTIVE : To study the modulating effect of sensory neuropeptide substance P ( SP ) on gene expression of epidermal growth factor ( EGF ) , fibroblast growth factor 2 ( FGF 2 ) and EGF receptor ( EGFR ) , FGF receptor 1 ( FGFR 1 ) in granulation fibroblast . ^^^ SP content and EGF , EGFR , FGF 2 , FGFR 1 gene expression in the granulation tissue were observed using immunohistochemistry and in situ hybridization combined with image analysis on 3rd , 6th , 9th 12th after skin injury , respectively . ^^^ SP concentrations in culture medium for upregulation of mRNA expressions of EGF and EGFR in cultured fibroblasts were from 10 ( 8 ) mol / L to 10 ( 6 ) mol / L and from 10 ( 6 ) mol / L to 10 ( 5 ) mol / L , respectively . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Recent insights into the activation of EGF / ErbB receptors . ^^^ Recent crystallographic studies have provided significant new insight into how receptor tyrosine kinases from the EGF receptor or ErbB family are regulated by their growth factor ligands . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
BACKGROUND : Increasing evidence supports an important role for the epidermal growth factor ( EGF ) / transforming growth factor alpha ( TGF alpha ) / EGF receptor ( EGFR ) axis in promoting tubular epithelial cell proliferation and cyst formation in polycystic kidney disease ( PKD ) . ^^^ CONCLUSION : These results support a significant role for the EGF / TGF alpha / EGFR axis in the development of PKD in the Han : SPRD rat and the therapeutic potential of EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibition in ADPKD . . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
As a consequence , an increase in endocytic localization of EGF receptor ( Egfr ) and Notch is observed , and this correlates with a reduction in signaling strength and leads to patterning defects . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
OBJECTIVE : To investigate the expression and location of epidermal growth factor ( EGF ) and its receptor ( EGFR ) in dermal chronic ulcers and normal skin in order to explore their influence on ulcer formation . ^^^ METHODS : The expression intensity and distribution of EGF and EGFR were detected with pathological method and immunohistochemistry method in 8 cases of dermal ulcers , 8 cases of edge of ulcer and 8 cases of normal skin . ^^^ RESULTS : The Positive signals of EGF could be found in epidermal cells , endothelial cells and some fibroblasts ; EGFR was principally located in the cytoplasm and cellular membrane of these cells mentioned above in normal skin . ^^^ From normal skin , edge of ulcer to ulcerative tissues , the protein contents of EGF and EGFR were decreased progressively . ^^^ In ulcerative tissues , EGF was mostly distributed in monocytes and macrophages while EGFR was chiefly sited in monocytes . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
EGF receptor ( EGFR ) expression was also examined in ECL cells , whereas the direct effects of TGF alpha and proinflammatory cytokines on HDC and VMAT 2 expression in ECL cells were investigated using in vivo and in vitro models . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Since cytoplasmic vesicles were previously found to be EGF positive , these results may be due to the presence of the EGF EGFR complex that is internalized after binding of EGF to the surface EGFR . . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Epiregulin ( EPR ) , a novel member of epidermal growth factor ( EGF ) family , is a ligand for ErbB 1 and ErbB 4 receptors . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Numerous external stimuli , including G protein coupled receptor agonists , cytokines , growth factors , and steroids activate mitogen activated protein kinases ( MAPKs ) through phosphorylation of the epidermal growth factor receptor ( EGF R ) . ^^^ In immortalized hypothalamic neurons ( GT 1 7 cells ) , agonist binding to the gonadotropin releasing hormone receptor ( GnRH R ) causes phosphorylation of MAPKs that is mediated by protein kinase C ( PKC ) dependent transactivation of the EGF R . ^^^ GnRH induced phosphorylation of the EGF R and , subsequently , of Shc , ERK1 / 2 , and its dependent protein , p90RSK 1 ( p 90 ribosomal S 6 kinase 1 or RSK 1 ) , was abolished by metalloprotease inhibition . ^^^ In contrast , phosphorylation of the EGF R , Shc , and ERK1 / 2 by EGF and HB EGF was independent of PKC and metalloprotease activity . ^^^ The signaling characteristics of HB EGF closely resembled those of GnRH and EGF in terms of the phosphorylation of EGF R , Shc , ERK1 / 2 , and RSK 1 as well as the nuclear translocation of RSK 1 . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
The signaling cascade elicited by angiotensin 2 ( Ang 2 ) resembles that characteristic of growth factor , and recent evidence indicates transactivation of epidermal growth factor receptor ( EGF R ) by G protein coupled receptors . ^^^ Here , we report the involvement of EGF R in Ang 2 induced synthesis of fibronectin and TGF beta in cardiac fibroblasts . ^^^ Ang 2 induced fibronectin mRNA was not affected by PKC inhibitors or PKC depletion , whereas specific inhibition of EGF R function by a dominant negative EGF R mutant and tyrphostin AG 1478 abolished induction of fibronectin mRNA . ^^^ Ang 2 induced synthesis of TGF beta was also abolished by inhibition of EGF R function . ^^^ We concluded that Ang 2 induced expression of fibronectin and TGF beta is mediated by downstream signaling of EGF R transactivated by Ca2+ dependent tyrosine kinase , and that Ang 2 induced fibronectin mRNA expression is regulated by two different mechanisms ; transcriptional control by binding of c fos / c jun complex to the AP 1 site , and post transcriptional control by mRNA stabilization due to autocrine and / or paracrine effects of TGF beta . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Six of 9 myeloma cell lines and 9 of 9 purified primary myeloma cells expressed ErbB 1 or ErbB 4 genes coding for HB EGF receptor . ^^^ A pan ErbB inhibitor blocked the myeloma cell growth factor activity and the signaling induced by HB EGF . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Consistent with this , the EGF receptor ( EGFR ) mediated ERK activation was blocked in GnT 3 transfectants . ^^^ This modification led to a significant decrease in EGF binding and EGFR autophosphorylation . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Both acetylcholine and EGF induced phosphorylation of p44 / 42 MAPK was abolished in the presence of EGF receptor ( EGFR ) inhibitors ( AG 1478 and PD 168393 ) . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Furthermore , by expressing the nerve growth factor ( NGF ) receptor , TrkA , and the epidermal growth factor ( EGF ) receptor , ErbB 1 , in RCS cells we show that NGF treatment of the transfected cells caused growth inhibition , whereas EGF did not . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
The epidermal growth factor ( EGF ) receptor ( EGFR ) is overexpressed in a wide spectrum of epithelial cancers , and its expression correlates with a more metastatic cancer phenotype . ^^^ This study demonstrates that , in polarized Madin Darby canine kidney 2 cells , EGF induced EGFR activation significantly inhibited claudin 2 expression while simultaneously inducing cellular redistribution and increased expression of claudin 1 , 3 , and 4 . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Overexpression of human EGF receptor HER 2 ( erbB 2 ) leads to amplified heregulin ( HRG ) signaling , promoting more aggressive breast cancer that is nonresponsive to estrogen and the antiestrogenic drug tamoxifen . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Epidermal growth factor ( EGF ) receptor ( EGFR ) is commonly amplified and / or mutated in high grade gliomas . ^^^ EGF dependent activation of signal transducers and activators of transcription 3 occurred at low doses of EGFR inhibitors . ^^^ Despite significant loss of EGF dependent autophosphorylation , the inability of low levels of EGFR inhibitor to suppress some downstream signaling pathways in our model glioma cell line permitted continued EGF responsive decreases in the expression of the cyclin dependent kinase inhibitor p27KIP and EGF dependent proliferation / cell cycle progression . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
In the present study , we examined EGF induced internalization , degradation and trafficking of the epidermal growth factor receptor ( EGFR ) mutated at serines 1046 , 1047 , 1057 and 1142 located in its cytoplasmic carboxy terminal region . ^^^ We found the serine mutated EGFR to be inhibited in EGF induced internalization and degradation in NIH3T3 cells . ^^^ EGF was unable to induce ubiquitination of the serine mutated EGFR , yet EGF induced phosphorylation of the c Cbl binding site at tyrosine 1045 , and c Cbl EGFR association , was unaffected . ^^^ EGF induced c Cbl EGFR binding was partially inhibited , and receptor ubiquitination was abrogated in cells expressing Y1045F EGFR . ^^^ Together , our data indicate that the serine residues and tyrosine 1045 are essential for EGF induced receptor ubiquitination , but only the serine residues are critical for EGFR internalization and degradation . . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Using a model of epidermal growth factor ( EGF ) withdrawal in MCF 10A , we hypothesized that production of reactive oxygen species by BPQs could lead to the activation of the EGF receptor ( EGFR ) . ^^^ Furthermore , we show that BPQs increase EGFR , Akt , and extracellular signal regulated kinase activity , leading to increased cell number in the absence of EGF . ^^^ Taken together , these data indicate that BPQs , through the generation of hydrogen peroxide , activate the EGFR in MCF 10A cells , leading to increased cell number under EGF deficient conditions . . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
The specificity of a novel epidermal growth factor ( EGF ) Cy5 . 5 fluorescent optical probe in the detection of EGF receptor ( EGFr ) was assessed using continuous wave fluorescence imaging accomplished via an intensified charge coupled device ( CCD ) camera . ^^^ Human mammary MDA MB 468 ( EGFr+ ) and MDA MB 435 ( EGFr ) cancer cells were incubated with Cy5 . 5 , EGF Cy5 . 5 , or the anti EGFr monoclonal antibody C 225 or EGF followed by EGF Cy5 . 5 and examined under a fluorescence microscope . ^^^ In MDA MB 468 tumors , our data suggest that EGF Cy5 . 5 may be used as a specific NIR contrast agent for noninvasive imaging of EGFr expression and monitoring of responses to molecularly targeted therapy . . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Previous studies have demonstrated increased renal expression of EGF receptor ( EGFR ) and EGFR ligands in response to acute toxic or ischemic renal tubular injury and have indicated that exogenous administration of EGF accelerates recovery from such injury . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
In studies on the mechanism of short and long term mu opioid regulation of the ERK signaling pathway , we show that the mu opioid agonist [ d Ala 2 , N Me Phe 4 , Gly 5 ol ] enkephalin ( DAMGO ) , acting via the endogenous mu opioid receptor ( MOR ) , induced sequential epidermal growth factor receptor ( EGF ) receptor ( EGFR ) Tyr phosphorylation , Ser phosphorylation , and down regulation in immortalized rat cortical astrocytes . ^^^ Inhibitors of matrix metalloproteinases attenuated MOR mediated ERK phosphorylation , suggesting that shedding of EGF like ligands from the plasma membrane may be involved in the EGFR transactivation process . ^^^ Prolonged DAMGO exposure induced EGFR internalization / down regulation , did not activate ERK , and inhibited exogenous EGF stimulated ERK phosphorylation . ^^^ However , long term application of U 69 , 593 neither down regulated EGFR nor inhibited EGF induced ERK activation . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Using this technique , we have studied the process of early signal transduction of epidermal growth factor ( EGF ) in single molecules : binding of EGF to its receptor ( EGFR ) on the cell surface , dimerization of EGFR induced by binding of EGF , fluctuation of the structure of EGFR clusters , activation of EGFR through tyrosine phosphorylations on its cytoplasmic domain , and recognition of activated EGFR by a cytoplasmic adaptor protein , Grb 2 . ^^^ Single molecule studies suggested that this highly sensitive response to EGF was due to the amplification of the EGFR signal using dynamic clustering , reorganization of the dimers , and lateral mobility of EGFR on the cell surface . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
We characterized the expression of epidermal growth factor ( EGF ) like growth factors ( EGF , transforming growth factor alpha ( TGF alpha ) , heparin binding EGF like growth factor ( HB EGF ) , betacellulin ( BTC ) , amphiregulin ( APR ) , epiregulin ( EPR ) and neuregulin ( NRG ) 1 ) and erbB receptors ( EGF receptor ( EGFR ) , erbB2 / neu , erbB 3 and erbB 4 ) in the vaginae of mice treated either neonatally ( 0 4 day ) or as adults ( 55 59 day ) with estrogens . ^^^ Thus , signal transduction via EGFR and erbB 2 could be related to the estrogen induced vaginal changes and persistent erbBs phosphorylation and sustained expression of EGF like growth factors , leading to ERalpha activation that may result in cancerous lesions in vaginae from neonatally DES exposed mice later in life . . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
In Hep 2 cells , but not in CO K 3 cells , Q and TAM produced , upon EGF treatment , a twofold increase of p 38 and p 46 and an enhancement of p 42 and p 44 dephosphorylation , suggesting a requirement of EGFR . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Matrix metalloproteinase ( MMP ) dependent shedding of heparin binding epidermal growth factor ( HB EGF ) and subsequent activation of the EGF receptor ( EGFR ) in the cardiovasculature is emerging as a unique mechanism signaling growth effects of diverse G protein coupled receptors ( GPCRs ) . ^^^ In isolated microperfused arteries , blockade of EGFR transactivation with inhibitors of the EGFR ( AG 1478 and PD 153035 ) , HB EGF ( CRM 197 and neutralizing antibodies ) , or MMPs ( doxycycline ) inhibited adrenergic vasoconstriction . ^^^ These findings suggest a previously unknown mechanism of vasoregulation whereby agonists of certain GPCRs ( such as adrenoceptors and angiotensin receptors ) activate MMPs ( such as MMP 7 ) that shed EGFR ligands ( such as HB EGF ) , which then activate the EGFR , thereby promoting vasoconstriction as well as growth . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Binding of EGF like peptides to the EGF receptor ( EGFR ) at the cell surface leads to a cascade of intracellular reactions that transduce signals to the nucleus , resulting in particular gene expression patterns . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
The study and comparison of some of the functional characteristics of both Xiphophorus EGF receptors , including expression profile , ligand binding abilities , and intracellular signal transduction revealed that Xiphophorus Egfra not only shares common features with Egfrb and the human EGFR but also shows significant differences in its functional characteristics . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Apart from inhibitors of phosphatidylinositol 3 kinase , which blocked migration in all cases , inhibition of the epidermal growth factor ( EGF ) receptor blocked IL 8 mediated cell migration in HMECs and in CXCR 2 transfected NIH 3T3 cells , but not in RBL2H3 cells , which do not express an EGFR . ^^^ Blocking Abs against the EGFR or against heparin binding EGF like growth factor similarly blocked IL 8 mediated cell migration and in vitro tubulogenesis in HMECs . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
In this study , we examined : ( a ) regulation of epidermal growth factor receptor ( EGFR ) expression in a panel of 10 human colon cancer cell lines using interferon alpha ( IFN alpha ) ; ( b ) ability of IFN alpha to inhibit cell proliferation ; and ( c ) sensitivity of IFN alpha pretreated cells to EGF . ^^^ Cell surface , intracellular , and / or total cell protein expression of EGFR was assessed by indirect immunofluorescence flow cytometry and / or fluorescein isothiocyanate ( FITC ) EGF binding and internalisation flow cytometric assay . ^^^ The antiproliferative action of IFN alpha could not block the signal transduction of the EGF EGFR pathway . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
The capacity of EGFR / ALK to mediate [ 125I ] EGF internalization , receptor degradation and downregulation , which has never been previously described , was assayed . ^^^ The rate of [ 125I ] EGF induced internalization mediated by the cytoplasmic domain of ALK was reduced several fold compared with the wild type EGFR . ^^^ The low rate of EGF internalization promoted by EGFR / ALK correlated with an impaired degradation and downregulation of the receptor and indicate that ALK is not subject to traditional mechanisms used to regulate receptor tyrosine kinase function . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
To further examine the temporal and spatial requirements of erbB signals in uncommitted neural stem cells ( NSCs ) , we expressed the ligand independent EGF receptor , EGFRvIII , in C17 . 2 NSCs . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
The EGFr and its ligands transforming growth factor ( TGF ) alpha and heparin binding EGF had increased expression corresponding to maximal tumor growth . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
RESULTS : TLCS induced a rapid oxidative stress response , c Jun N terminal kinase ( JNK ) and epidermal growth factor ( EGF ) receptor ( EGF R ) activation , subsequent EGF R / CD95 association and CD 95 tyrosine phosphorylation , CD 95 membrane targeting , death inducing signal complex ( DISC ) formation and hepatocyte apoptosis . ^^^ Similar data were obtained with GCDC , another proapoptotic bile acid . cAMP did not prevent the TLCS induced oxidative stress response , JNK activation and EGF R / CD95 association , however abolished EGF R activation and subsequent CD 95 tyrosine phosphorylation , CD 95 membrane trafficking , and DISC formation in a H 89 sensitive way . ^^^ CONCLUSIONS : Inhibition of bile salt induced apoptosis by cAMP involves both PKA dependent Ser / Thr phosphorylation of the CD 95 and inhibition of EGF R activation , which results in an inhibition of CD 95 tyrosine phosphorylation , CD 95 membrane targeting , and DISC formation . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
EGF receptor ( EGFR ) overexpression correlates with metastasis in a variety of carcinomas , but the underlying mechanisms are poorly understood . ^^^ We demonstrated that EGF disrupted cell cell adhesion and caused epithelial to mesenchymal transition ( EMT ) in human tumor cells overexpressing EGFR , and also induced caveolin dependent endocytosis of E cadherin , a cell cell adhesion protein . ^^^ Antisense RNA mediated reduction of caveolin 1 expression in EGFR overexpressing tumor cells recapitulated these EGF induced effects and enhanced invasion into collagen gels . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
In contrast , those observed to be consistently suppressed were mRNAs for EGF receptor ( EGFR ) , Ki Ras , SAPKK , Sp 1 , C / EBPbeta , and NFkB . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Increased expression of the epidermal growth factor ( EGF ) receptor ( EGFR ) and ErbB 2 is implicated into the development and progression of breast cancer . ^^^ Mammary tumor cells that express low levels of both receptors or high levels of ErbB 2 and low levels of EGFR survive and proliferate in the presence of EGF . ^^^ In contrast , fibroblastic cells or mammary tumor cells , which co express high levels of EGFR and ErbB 2 invariably undergo apoptosis in response to EGF . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
OBJECTIVE : Because the epidermal growth factor receptor ( EGFR ) is a central regulator of epithelial function , we tested the hypothesis that nasal epithelial cells respond to ozone induced oxidant stress by modulating expression of the EGFR and its ligands , EGF and transforming growth factor alpha ( TGF alpha ) . ^^^ METHODS : Normal volunteers were exposed to air or 400 parts per billion ozone for 2 hours , and then nasal biopsy specimens were harvested 6 hours later for immunohistochemical analysis of EGFR , EGF , and TGF alpha . ^^^ RESULTS : Epithelial expression of the EGFR , EGF , and TGF alpha were all significantly ( P < . 05 ) increased in the nasal biopsy specimens after ozone exposure , and there was a significant positive correlation between EGFR expression and the increase in neutrophil numbers in the nasal epithelium ( P = . 001 , rho = 0 . 87 ) . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Variant cells showed increased expression of epidermal growth factor receptor ( EGFR ) and decreased expression of mRNA , but also slight accumulation of protein of c Cbl , which is a negative regulator of EGFR possessing ubiquitin ligase activity to desensitize EGF signaling . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
In these cells , which express low levels of uPAR and malignancy , both ATF and EGF stimuli induced an interaction of the EGFR with uPAR and ERK activation . ^^^ However , EGFR activation by uPAR stimuli mediated cellular invasion rather than proliferation , while EGFR activation by EGF led to a proliferative response . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
NTAK ( neural and thymus derived activator for ErbB kinases ) , also known as neuregulin 2 , is a member of the epidermal growth factor ( EGF ) family , which binds directly to ErbB 3 and ErbB 4 and transactivates ErbB 2 . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Exposure of cultured Swiss 3T3 fibroblasts to 35 % hyposmotic solution activated epidermal growth factor receptor ( EGFR ) phosphorylation to a greater extent than the ligand , EGF . ^^^ EGFR phosphorylation seems to be involved in the transduction signalling for hyposmotically induced taurine release , as suggested by the latter ' s reduction when EGFR phosphorylation was blocked by 50 microM AG 213 or AG 112 and , conversely , its potentiation by EGF ( 200 ng / ml ) . ^^^ EGF and agglutinins also potentiated the hyposmotically induced release of 86Rb but , in contrast to taurine , the efflux was unaffected by EGFR inhibition . ^^^ The present findings , together with results showing EGF activation of osmosensitive Cl fluxes implicate EGFR as an important modulator of osmolyte efflux pathways . . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
In the former , p 185 ( c neu ) expression and activation are controlled by EGF addition to the culture medium and by epidermal growth factor receptor ( EGFR ) activity , whereas the latter express unchangingly high levels of constitutively activated p 185 ( neu ) . ^^^ Interestingly , EGFR levels also vary and , analogously to phosphorylated p 185 ( c neu ) , the increase of EGFR content consequent to the [ D ] PDMP and EGF addition is reversed by exogenous GM ( 3 ) . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Quantitative epidermal growth factor ( EGF ) binding experiments have shown that the EGF receptor ( EGFR ) is displayed on the surface of intact cells in two forms , a minority of high affinity and a majority of low affinity EGFRs . ^^^ Our results show that mutagenic disruption of the autoinhibitory tether in EGFR results in a decrease in the dissociation rate of EGF without a detectable change in EGFR activation and signaling through EGFR even in response to stimulation with low concentrations of EGF . ^^^ Mutagenic disruption of the dimerization arm , on the other hand , increased the rate of EGF dissociation and impaired EGFR activation and signaling via the EGFR . ^^^ This study demonstrates that the extended configuration of EGFR does not account for the apparent high affinity EGF binding to EGFR on intact cells . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
On the basis of the 3D structures of the extracellular ligand binding domains of the epidermal growth factor ( EGF ) receptor ( EGFR ) and ErbB 3 , a mechanism has been proposed for how the extracellular region of the EGFR is maintained in an autoinhibited configuration and for how EGF binding induces EGFR dimerization and activation . ^^^ We have attempted to derive a mathematical model for EGF binding to the EGFR and for ligand induced receptor dimerization and activation that uses this structural information and can explain the characteristic concave up curvilinear Scatchard plots seen when EGF binding to intact EGFR is studied in living cells . ^^^ We conclude in this study and in the accompanying article that the active extended EGFR configuration binds EGF 5 to 20 fold more strongly than the autoinhibited monomeric receptor configuration . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
At postnatal day ( PND ) 21 and the proestrus phase on PND 49 51 , mammary glands of offspring were analyzed for morphology , cell proliferation , and expression of EGFR , epidermal growth factor ( EGF ) , transforming growth factor alpha , ER alpha , and ER beta . ^^^ Epithelial EGFR and stromal fibroblast EGF were increased by SDG , whereas epithelial ER beta was decreased by FS . ^^^ Conversely , at PND 49 51 , a lower number of TEBs but a higher ratio of lobules to TEBs with decreased expression of EGFR or EGF was observed in both treatment groups . ^^^ EGFR expression was positively associated with EGF expression and cell proliferation in TEB epithelium at PND 21 . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Receptors of the EGF receptor or ErbB family of growth factor receptor tyrosine kinases are frequently overexpressed in a variety of solid tumours , and the aberrant activation of their tyrosine kinase activities is thought to contribute to tumour growth and progression . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
In contrast to rapid and transient activation of extracellular signal regulated kinase 5 ( ERK 5 ) by EGF or H2O2 , asbestos caused protracted oxidant dependent ERK 5 activation that was inhibited by an Src kinase inhibitor ( PP 2 ) , but not by an inhibitor of epidermal growth factor receptor ( EGFR ) phosphorylation ( AG 1478 ) . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
OBJECTIVE : Activation of the epidermal growth factor receptor ( EGF R ) stimulates prepubertal luteinizing hormone releasing hormone ( LHRH ) release , which in turn induces luteinizing hormone ( LH ) secretion . ^^^ Although ethanol ( ETOH ) diminishes LHRH secretion and delays the onset of female puberty , its actions following EGF R activation are unknown . ^^^ After ETOH exposure , EGF was administered , and 45 minutes later the animals were killed and their medial basal hypothalamus and pituitary were removed and analyzed for EGF R and cyclooxygenase ( COX ) 1 and 2 by western blot analysis . ^^^ Western blot analysis revealed that ETOH did not alter the EGF R protein levels in the hypothalamus . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
The epidermal growth factor ( EGF ) related peptides bind the ErbB receptors , inducing the formation of different homo and heterodimers . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
However , for epidermal growth factor ( EGF ) induced fibroblast migration , molecular links between EGF receptor ( EGFR ) activation and force generation have not been clarified . ^^^ Herein , we demonstrate that EGF stimulation increases myosin light chain ( MLC ) phosphorylation , a marker for contractile force , concomitant with protein kinase C ( PKC ) activity in mouse fibroblasts expressing human EGFR constructs . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
HA Ras ( N 17 ) ) partially inhibited the ATP and PDBu induced activation of ERK1 / 2 and blocked ionomycin and EGF stimulated ERK1 / 2 , and inhibition of tyrosine kinases with AG 1478 , an EGFR inhibitor , or the src family kinase inhibitor PP 2 attenuated ATP stimulated ERK1 / 2 activation . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Aldosterone also stimulates the protein kinase ERK1 / 2 and the epidermal growth factor ( EGF ) receptor ( EGFR ) signaling pathway . ^^^ EGF ( 10 microg / l ) inhibited 1 ( sc ) , whereas inhibition of EGFR kinase by tyrphostin AG 1478 ( 100 nmol / l ) enhanced 1 ( sc ) . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
RESULTS : Here , we show that by using A 431 cells as a model system , expression of p52shc , or cell stimulation with EGF or H2O2 leads to phosphorylation of EGFR on Tyr 845 that is located to the activation segment of the catalytic domain . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Here we demonstrate that EGF QDs are highly specific and potent in the binding and activation of the EGF receptor ( erbB 1 ) , being rapidly internalized into endosomes that exhibit active trafficking and extensive fusion . ^^^ EGF QDs bound to erbB 1 expressed on filopodia revealed a previously unreported mechanism of retrograde transport to the cell body . ^^^ When erbB 2 monomeric yellow fluorescent protein ( mYFP ) or erbB 3 monomeric Citrine ( mCitrine ) were coexpressed with erbB 1 , the rates and extent of endocytosis of EGF QD and the RTK VFP demonstrated that erbB 2 but not erbB 3 heterodimerizes with erbB 1 after EGF stimulation , thereby modulating EGF induced signaling . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Epidermal growth factor ( EGF ) pathway and its receptor ( EGFR ) expressed by most lung cancer cells is the most successfully completed example . ^^^ The bond of EGF with its receptor stimulates tyrosine kinase domain of EGFR and allows transduction of an activating signal . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Evidence has suggested that the epidermal growth factor receptor ( EGF R ) and its ligands are important regulators for development and maintenance of various tissues including the nerve system . ^^^ These studies have revealed that , despite a possible functional redundancy among the individual EGF family ligands , collectively EGF R ligands are required for development and maintenance of the nerve system . . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
We demonstrated that expression of a human EGFR ( EGFRt EGFP ) chimera protein in which the cytoplasmic domain is substituted by EGFP significantly reduced the EGF induced endogenous EGFR autophosphorylation , EGF induced downstream extra cellular signal regulated kinase ( ERK ) and Akt signaling , and the proportion of internalized receptors in EGF stimulated cells . ^^^ Our data suggest that EGFRt EGFP abrogates tumor growth by disrupting receptor activation via competing for EGF like ligands , forming non activated heterodimers with endogenous EGFR , and inhibiting the EGFR endosomal signaling by substantially diminishing receptor internalization . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
We used the epidermal growth factor ( EGF ) receptor family members ErbB 1 and ErbB 2 as model systems to investigate whether the sugar moiety can be exploited to block signaling by growth factor receptors in human tumor cells ( i . e . , SKBR 3 and A 431 , derived from a breast cancer and a vulval carcinoma , respectively ) . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
The treatment of A 431 cells with EGF results in the recruitment of c Src , Pyk 2 , and Stat 3 to the EGFR and the phosphorylation of c Src , Pyk 2 , and Stat 3 . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
The following results were obtained : 1 ) EGF , TGFalpha , EGFR , PCNA , FGF 2 , pRb , and FGFR 1 4 were immunolocalized in the developing tissues . 2 ) Cytokine expression patterns indicated that the EGF family and FGF 2 essentially induced VL generation and cell proliferation . 3 ) FGFR 1 was diffusely localized in the primary epithelial band , but was strongly expressed in the E 12 14 VL and DL / enamel organ . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
ABX EGF is a high affinity ( dissociation constant K ( D ) = 5 10 10 ( 11 ) M ) fully human IgG 2 monoclonal antibody against human EGFR . ^^^ ABX EGF binds EGFR and blocks receptor binding of EGF and transforming growth factor alpha , inhibiting EGFR tyrosine phosphorylation and tumor cell activation . ^^^ Preclinical and clinical evaluations of ABX EGF , a fully human anti epidermal growth factor receptor antibody . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
We hypothesized that a polymorphism in the 5 ' untranslated region of the epidermal growth factor ( EGF ) gene , a natural ligand of the EGFR , may play a role in the genesis of these malignant gliomas . ^^^ We find that patients with the GA or GG genotype have higher tumoral levels of EGF , irrespective of EGFR status , that they are more likely to recur after surgery , and that they have a statistically significant shorter overall progression free survival than patients with the AA genotype . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
The purpose of this study was to delineate the traffic patterns of EGF and EGF receptors ( EGFR ) in primary cultured acinar epithelial cells from rabbit lacrimal glands . ^^^ The observations indicate that in lacrimal acinar cells , EGFR and EGF EGFR complexes continually traffic between the plasma membranes and a system of endomembrane compartments ; EGF stimulation generates time dependent signals that initially decrease , then increase , EGF EGFR traffic to degradative compartments . . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Wound induced HB EGF ectodomain shedding and EGFR activation in corneal epithelial cells . ^^^ PURPOSE : Epithelial wound healing is , at least in part , mediated in an autocrine fashion by epidermal growth factor ( EGF ) receptor ( EGFR ) ligand interactions . ^^^ METHODS : Epithelial debridement wounds in cultured porcine corneas and scratch wounds in an epithelial monolayer of SV 40 immortalized human corneal epithelial ( THCE ) cells were allowed to heal in the presence of tyrphostin AG 1478 ( an EGFR inhibitor ) , GM 6001 ( a matrix metalloproteinase [ MMP ] inhibitor ) , or CRM 197 ( a diphtheria toxin mutant ) , with or without HB EGF . ^^^ In both organ and cell culture models , epithelial wounds were healed in basal media and inhibition of EGFR activation by AG 1478 blocked wound closure with or without exogenously added HB EGF . ^^^ Its effects diminished in the presence of exogenous EGF or HB EGF , suggesting that the MMP inhibitor primarily blocks the release of EGFR ligands . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Exposure to X / XO increased release of epidermal growth factor ( EGF ) from these cells , thereby activating EGFR , phosphorylating MAPK , and increasing mucin 5AC production . ^^^ The importance of EGF was confirmed by transfection of small interfering RNA inhibiting pro EGF production , which resulted in inhibition of EGFR and MAPK phosphorylation despite X / XO exposure . ^^^ Sustained HA depolymerization is expected to cause TK activation , EGF release , and EGFR signaling and to lead to SMG cell hypertrophy and hyperplasia as well as mucus hypersecretion with subsequent airflow obstruction . . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Several EGFR targeting agents have been recently developed ( C 225 , ABX EGF , E7 . 6 . 3 , EMD 55900 , ICR 62 , ZD 1839 , CP 358774 , PD 168393 , CGP75166 / PKI166 , CGP59326A , BIBX 1382 ) . ^^^ C 225 is an antibody directed against the ligand binding domain of human EGFR , which competes for receptor binding with EGF and other ligands . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
The ROS burst from HB EGF was unaffected by MPI ( 37 + / 6 % , P=0 . 002 ) , confirming that inhibition of metalloproteinase activity blocked ACh ' s effect at a site upstream of EGFR . ^^^ We conclude that ACh induced ROS generation in myocytes is mediated via transactivation of EGFR through metalloproteinase dependent release of HB EGF , and that this pathway is also operative in the intact heart and is required for ACh ' s cardioprotection . . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Ligand mediated endocytosis is an important regulatory mechanism of epidermal growth factor ( EGF ) receptor ( EGFR ) signal transduction . ^^^ Using confocal microscopy to examine EGF / EGFR and rab 5 localization indicates that the activity of rab 5 governs whether internalized EGF / EGFR and rab 5 co localize . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
The EGFR family is a group of four structurally similar growth factor receptors with tyrosine kinase activity ( EGFR , HER2 / neu , ErbB 3 , ErbB 4 ) , which dimerize upon binding with a number of ligands , including EGF ( Epidermal Growth Factor ) and TGF ( Transforming Growth Factor ) , allowing downstream transduction of mitogenic signals . ^^^ In this review , results of most recent clinical with EGFR inhibitors including monoclonal antibodies , such as Trastuzumab ( Herceptin ) , IMC C 225 ( Cetuximab ) and others ( ABX EGF , EMD 72000 ) , and tyrosine kinase inhibitors , such as ZD 1839 ( Gefitinib , Iressa ) , OSI 774 ( Erlotinib , Tarceva ) and others ( CI 1033 , GW 2016 ) , are summarized . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Proliferation induced by OPN is accompanied by a sustained activation of EGF receptor ( EGFR ) whose phosphorylation is detectable up to 12 hr after treatment in association with EGF . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
We compared the utilization of ErbB 2 in response to epidermal growth factor ( EGF ) and heregulin stimulation in colon carcinoma cells . ^^^ Anti ErbB 2 monoclonal antibody 2C4 blocked heregulin stimulated phosphorylation of ErbB 2 and ErbB 3 ; activation of mitogen activated protein kinase ( MAPK ) , phosphatidylinositol 3 ' kinase ( PI3K ) , and Akt ; proliferation ; and anchorage independent growth . 2C4 blocked EGF mediated phosphorylation of ErbB 2 and inhibited PI3K / Akt and anchorage independent growth but did not affect ErbB 1 or MAPK . ^^^ Immunoprecipitations showed that ErbB 3 and Grb 2 associated binder ( Gab ) 1 were phosphorylated and associated with PI3K activity after heregulin treatment and that Gab 1 and Gab 2 , but not ErbB 3 , were phosphorylated and associated with PI3K activity after EGF treatment . ^^^ Furthermore , we identify ErbB 2 as a critical component of EGF signaling to the Gab1 / Gab2 PI3K Akt pathway and anchorage independent growth , but EGF stimulation of MAPK and monolayer growth can occur efficiently without the contribution of ErbB2 . . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Genetic polymorphisms in IL 4 , IL8RB , IL10RA , PRL , ADA , NFKB 1 , GRAP 2 , CABIN 1 , IFNAR 2 , IFI 27 , IFI 41 , TNFRSF1A , ALDOB , AP1B1 , SULT2B1 , EGF , EGFR , TGFB 1 , LTBP 2 , and CD 4 were associated with persistent viremia ( P < 0 . 05 ) , whereas those in IL1B , IL1RL1 , IL2RB , IL12RB1 , IL18R1 , STAT5A , GRAP 2 , CABIN 1 , IFNAR 1 , Mx 1 , BMP 8 , FGL 1 , LTBP 2 , CD 34 , and CD 80 were associated with different serum alanine aminotransferase levels in HCV carriers ( P < 0 . 05 ) . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
It is known that the epidermal growth factor ( EGF ) and the transforming growth factor alpha ( TGF alpha ) enhance renal cell proliferation , migration and differentiation during kidney development through binding to the same EGF receptor ( EGFR ) . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
EGF receptor ( EGFR ) mRNA was regulated in a similar manner in LNCaP derivatives established during the second cycle of intermittent withdrawal . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Epidermal growth factor receptor ( EGFR ) is a transmembrane protein that binds EGF in its extracellular domain and initiates signaling via intrinsic tyrosine kinase activity in its cytoplasmic domain . ^^^ Using the GH and EGF responsive 3T3 F442A preadipocyte , we previously observed that GH , in addition to causing EGFR tyrosine phosphorylation , also induced EGFR phosphorylation that was detected by PTP 101 , an antibody reactive with ERK consensus phosphorylation sites . ^^^ Furthermore , GH cotreatment with EGF markedly slowed EGF induced EGFR degradation and down regulation , thereby potentiating EGF induced EGFR signaling . ^^^ These effects were also MEK 1 dependent and suggested ERK pathway dependent influence of GH on EGF induced EGFR postendocytic trafficking and signaling . ^^^ The effect of GH on EGF binding was concentration dependent and temporally correlated with GH induced ERK activation and EGFR PTP 101 reactive phosphorylation . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
When EGF receptor ( EGFR ) kinase activity was blocked using PD 153035 , high passage IGFBP 3 transfectants were growth inhibited compared with controls treated with inhibitor . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
In culture , keratinocytes produce a number of epidermal growth factor ( EGF ) like ligands ( transforming growth factor alpha , heparin binding EGF and amphiregulin ) and their receptor , ErbB 1 . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Exogenous EGF stimulated EGFR , ERK1 / 2 , and Akt activation and the EGFR inhibitor blocked phosphorylation of ERK1 / 2 and Akt . ^^^ H ( 2 ) O ( 2 ) and EGF induced ERK1 / 2 activation is mediated by EGFR , whereas Akt is activated by Src independent of EGFR following H ( 2 ) O ( 2 ) exposure . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Exposure of A 431 cells to the EGF results in a significant increase in EGFR and Stat 3 phosphorylation . ^^^ However , inhibition of EGFR by AG 1478 fails to decrease EGF induced Stat 3 phosphorylation . ^^^ Our study suggests that residual ErbB 2 activation by EGF , despite EGFR blockade , is responsible for persistent downstream activation of Stat 3 . ^^^ We conclude that targeting multiple pathways ( EGFR and JAK / STAT pathways ) in EGF driven tumors may result in greater antiproliferative activity than blocking EGFR alone . . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
The present study is the first to demonstrate that sensitivity to growth inhibition by gefitinib in NSCLC cell lines under basal growth condition is associated with dependence on Akt and ERK1 / 2 activation in response to EGFR signaling for survival and proliferation and also that drug sensitivity may be related to the extent of EGF induced down regulation of cell surface EGFR . . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
The effect of EGF stimulation and its inhibition with gefitinib ( ' Iressa ' , ZD 1839 ) , an epidermal growth factor receptor ( EGFR ) tyrosine kinase inhibitor , has been investigated in two EGFR positive human bladder tumour cell lines , RT 112 and RT 4 . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
In addition , we used epidermal growth factor receptor inhibitory drugs to address the contribution of autocrine signaling by Raf induced EGF family proteins to the Raf transcriptional response . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
We have also shown that conserved residues previously shown to be necessary for EGF receptor homodimerization may be dispensible for ErbB 2 ErbB3 heterodimerization . . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Of the seven cell lines obtained , three fast growing and estrogen receptor ( ER ) + / progesterone receptor ( PgR ) + / EGF receptor ( EGFR ) + have been characterized . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
While the cellular content of intact EGF decreases by 40 % between 20 and 120 m of continuous incubation at 37 degrees C , the EGF receptor ( EGFR ) content decreases only modestly [ J . ^^^ However , it enhanced accumulation of [ ( 125 ) 1 ] EGF and EGFR in the basal lateral recycling endosome , and it enhanced accumulation of prepro and pro cathepsin B in fractions containing late endosomes and prelysosomes . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
TCDD changes the expression of both EGF and its receptor EGFR , which may be one step in the pathway leading to cleft palate and hydronephrosis . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
EGF activates the EGF receptor ( EGFR / ErbB ) , which initiates , in turn , intracellular signaling . ^^^ This review highlights some of the major recent findings pertinent to the EGF and ErbB family with special references to elucidating their roles in the regulation of neurogenesis , signal transduction and trafficking and degradation . . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
In the present study , the distribution of epithelial growth factor ( EGF ) / epithelial growth factor receptor ( EGFR ) signaling components was investigated and related to mitotic distribution in the lens . ^^^ Addition of EGF increased growth rates of cells in capsular bags and an EGFR inhibitor decreased rates . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
METHODS : To investigate the effect of lidocaine ( 4 microM 40 mM ) on epidermal growth factor ( EGF ) stimulated autophosphorylation of EGFR , the authors studied purified EGFR in microtubes . ^^^ They cultured human corneal epithelial cells ( HCECs ) with EGF and lidocaine to investigate the effect of lidocaine on cell proliferation and on autophosphorylation of EGFR in HCECs . ^^^ RESULTS : Lidocaine ( > or =400 microM ) significantly suppressed EGF stimulated autophosphorylation of the purified EGFR . ^^^ In the HCEC study , EGF alone stimulated cell proliferation and increased autophosphorylation of EGFR in HCECs . ^^^ Lidocaine ( > or = 400 microM ) significantly suppressed both the proliferation of HCECs promoted by EGF and EGF stimulated autophosphorylation of EGFR . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
In the present study , we cloned full length cDNAs for epidermal growth factor ( EGF ) , EGF receptor ( EGFR ) , and three truncated forms of EGFR ( EGFR 15 , 12 , and 8 ) from the zebrafish ovary . ^^^ Zebrafish EGF was predominantly expressed in the ovary and testis , while EGFR and its truncated forms were highly expressed in all tissues examined except the liver . ^^^ In the ovary , the expression of EGF seemed to be more abundant in the follicles of early stages , while EGFR had much higher expression levels at later stages . ^^^ The unique spatial patterns of EGF and EGFR expression within the follicle suggest that EGF may serve as a messenger from the oocyte to signal the follicle cells . ^^^ These results , together with the evidence that EGF was predominantly expressed in the oocytes whereas EGFR was expressed in the follicle cells , strongly suggest that EGF is likely a potential paracrine / juxtacrine factor from the oocytes to regulate the function of the follicle cells . . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Whereas specific inhibition of the EGFR kinase activity blocked EGF but not GPCR agonist induced Met receptor transactivation , it was abrogated in the presence of a reducing agent or treatment of cells with a NADPH oxidase inhibitor . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
When U 87 cells were deprived of serum , FAK was quickly dephosphorylated , integrin / EGF receptor ( EGFR ) complexes dissociated and the cells retained an appropriate level of EGFR phosphorylation . ^^^ The addition of EGF promoted U 87 cell rounding but had little effect on G3DeltaEGF transfected cells owing to reduced EGFR phosphorylation . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
RESULTS : Expression of all four ErbB receptors and the EGF like ligands EGF , TGF alpha , AR , beta C , Hb EGF , NRG 1 , and NRG 3 was detected in the mouse prostate . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Cells were treated with HGF or EGF and expression and phosphorylative activity of HGF receptors ( HGFr , c met ) or EGF receptors ( EGFr ) were measured by flow cytometry and Western blot . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Bromodeoxyuridine incorporation assay and Ki 67 labeling indicated that the differentiated cells were able to proliferate in response to the two ligands of KGFR , KGF and FGF 10 , whereas they were not stimulated by the EGFR ligands TGFalpha and EGF . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Stimulation of the angiotensin 2 ( Ang 2 ) type 1 receptor ( AT 1 R ) causes phosphorylation of extracellularly regulated kinases 1 and 2 ( ERK1 / 2 ) via epidermal growth factor receptor ( EGF R ) transactivation dependent or independent pathways in Ang 2 target cells . ^^^ Here we examined the mechanisms involved in agonist induced EGF R transactivation and subsequent ERK1 / 2 phosphorylation in clone 9 ( C 9 ) hepatocytes , which express endogenous AT 1 R , and COS 7 and human embryonic kidney ( HEK ) 293 cells transfected with the AT 1 R . ^^^ Consistent with its agonist action , HB EGF stimulation of these cells caused marked phosphorylation of the EGF R and its adapter molecule , Shc , as well as ERK1 / 2 and its dependent protein , p 90 ribosomal S 6 kinase , in a manner similar to that elicited by Ang 2 or EGF . ^^^ Although the Tyr 319 residue of the AT 1 R has been proposed to be an essential regulator of EGF R transactivation , stimulation of wild type and mutant ( Y319F ) AT 1 R expressed in COS 7 cells caused EGF R transactivation and subsequent ERK1 / 2 phosphorylation through release of HB EGF in a Src dependent manner . ^^^ In contrast , the noninvolvement of MMPs in HEK 293 cells , which may reflect the absence of Src activation by Ang 2 , was associated with lack of transactivation of the EGF R . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
However , mutations within some of these receptors , and recent studies with the epidermal growth factor ( EGF ) and ErbB 2 receptors have indicated that interactions between TM domains do contribute to stabilization of ligand independent and / or ligand induced receptor dimerization and activation . ^^^ To test this hypothesis , we constructed expression vectors encoding short fusion peptides encompassing native or mutated TM domains of the EGF , ErbB 2 , and insulin receptors . ^^^ In human cell lines overexpressing the wild type EGF receptor or ErbB 2 , we observed that the peptides are expressed at the cell surface and that they inhibit specifically the autophosphorylation and signaling pathway of their cognate receptor . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
BACKGROUND : Epidermal growth factor ( EGF ) , transforming growth factor alpha ( TGF alpha ) and their receptor , EGFR , play key roles in polycystic kidney disease ( PKD ) pathogenesis . ^^^ EGF , TGF alpha , amphiregulin , and heparin binding EGF in vitro effects on cystic and control collecting tubule cells were assessed by cell proliferation , cyst fluid mitogenicity , and EGFR activation . ^^^ Differential receptor activation was also seen : Heparin binding EGF markedly activated EGFR ( > EGF = TGF alpha > amphiregulin ) , with a greater effect seen in cystic vs . control collecting tubule cells . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Cell proliferation , AR , ER alpha , EGFR , ErbB 2 , EGF , IGF 1R , IGF 1 , VEGFR 2 , ERKs 1 and 2 proteins and TGF alpha mRNA , but not ER beta and VEGF , were significantly increased in prostates of TRAMP compared to C57BL / 6 mice . ^^^ Genistein in the diet significantly down regulated cell proliferation , EGFR , IGF 1R , ERK 1 and ERK 2 , but not AR , ER alpha , ER beta , ErbB 2 , EGF , TGF alpha , IGF 1 , VEGF and VEGFR in prostates of TRAMP mice . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Several G protein coupled receptors ( GPCRs ) , including the lysophosphatidic acid ( LPA ) receptor ( LPAR ) , induce Ca2+ ( 1 ) transients and transactivate the EGF receptor ( ErbB 1 ) through mobilization of EGF family members , including heparin binding EGF like growth factor ( HB EGF ) . ^^^ Interfering with HB EGF signaling through ErbB 1 or ErbB 4 also attenuated LPA stimulation . ^^^ Transactivation of ErbB 1 or ErbB 4 by HB EGF could represent a convergent signaling pathway accessed in the trophoblast by stimuli that mobilize Ca2+ ( 1 ) . . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
In addition , we also show that integrin induced signalling pathways are necessary for EGF dependent transcriptional response , demonstrating the requirement of the co operation between cell matrix adhesion and EGFR to achieve full biological responses . . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
In KATO 3 , a number of tyrosine phosphorylated proteins , including extracellular signal regulated protein kinases ( ERKs ) and epidermal growth factor receptor ( EGFR ) , were observed irrespective of EGF stimulation and induction of ERK activity and EGFR tyrosine phosphorylation by EGF were less than that in MKN 7 . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Epidermal growth factor ( EGF ) led to induction of NRP 1 in human colon adenocarcinoma cells and selective blockade of the epidermal growth factor receptor ( EGFR ) decreased constitutive and EGF induced NRP 1 expression . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
We found that BTC stimulated phosphorylation of EGF receptor ( EGFR ) at Tyr 1068 , which was completely blocked by an EGFR kinase inhibitor , AG 1478 . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
We show that treatment of mouse epidermal cells with EGF produces an increase in TBP levels , which can be blocked with an EGFR specific inhibitor . ^^^ In contrast , TBP levels remain unchanged after EGF treatment of EGFR null cells . ^^^ Thus , we have identified a new and important target of EGFR signaling , TBP , that contributes to EGF mediated stimulation of RNA Pol 1 and 3 dependent gene activity . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Here , we provide evidence that osmotic and oxidative stresses induce a metalloprotease activity leading to cell surface cleavage of pro heparin binding EGF ( pro HB EGF ) and subsequent EGFR activation . ^^^ Together , our data provide novel insights into the mammalian stress response , suggesting a broad mechanistic relevance of a p 38 ADAM HB EGF EGFR dependent pathway and its potential significance for tumor cells in evasion of chemotherapeutic agent induced apoptosis . . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
EGF receptors ( EGFR ) are largely reduced in lipid rafts and are enriched in non raft regions in sigma 1R OE cells . ^^^ Destruction of cholesterol containing rafts by treating cells with methyl beta cyclodextrin also causes a reduction of EGFR in lipid rafts , a concomitant increase in the phosphorylation of both EGFR and ERK , and an increase in the EGF induced neurite sprouting in wildtype cells . ^^^ We conclude that sigma 1R cause the remodeling of lipid rafts , at least by increasing the level of lipid raft associated cholesterol and by altering the levels of certain critical lipid raft forming gangliosides . sigma 1R may thus play an important role in directing EGF signaling towards neuritogenesis , perhaps by shifting EGFR from the lipid raft into non raft regions . . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Stimulation of exogenous GPCRs in Cos 7 cells induced JNK activation of different magnitudes depending on their G protein coupling specificities ( G ( q ) > G ( 1 ) > G ( s ) ) , and a moderate JNK activation was linked to stimulation of endogenous EGFR by EGF . 3 . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
These effects were associated with an accumulation of EGF like substance ( s ) in the medium ( assayed by EGFR binding ) and a 2 fold increase in DNA synthesis ( assayed by [ 3H ] thymidine incorporation ) . ^^^ The NT induced stimulation of EGFR / ERK / Akt phosphorylation and DNA synthesis was inhibited by EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitors ( AG 1478 , PD 153035 ) , metallo endopeptidase inhibitor phosphoramidon and by heparin , but not by neutralizing anti EGF antibody . ^^^ Thus , transactivation of EGFR by NT involved heparin binding EGF ( HB EGF or amphiregulin ) rather than EGF . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
EGF activated the epidermal growth factor receptor to the same extent in SPP 1 expressing cells , yet ERK1 / 2 activation was impaired . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Exposure to EGF ( 50 ng ml ( 1 ) ) enhanced cell survival by nearly 40 % and caused a parallel increase in the tyrosine phosphate content of the EGF receptor ( EGFR ) , as determined by immunoprecipitation and Western blotting . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
A natural ligand to EGFR , the epidermal growth factor ( EGF ) is an attractive targeting agent due to its low molecular weight ( 6 kDa ) and high affinity for EGFR . 177Lu ( T ( 1 / 2 ) = 6 . 7 days ) is a radionuclide well suited for treatment of small tumor cell clusters , since it emits relatively low energy beta particles . ^^^ The conjugate was characterized in vitro for its cell binding properties , and in vivo for its pharmacokinetics and ability to target EGFR . [ 177Lu ] Bz DTPA EGF bound to cultured U 343 glioblastoma cells with an affinity of 1 . 9 nM . ^^^ In conclusion , [ 177Lu ] Bz DTPA EGF seems to be a promising candidate for locoregional treatment of glioblastoma due to its high binding affinity , low molecular weight , and ability to target EGFR in vivo . . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
A marked stimulation of nNOS expression in the cells was achieved with epidermal growth factor receptor ( EGFR ) ligands such as epidermal growth factor ( EGF ) , heparin binding EGF , transforming growth factor alpha and two alternate splicing forms of the neuregulin gene . ^^^ EGF induced induction of nNOS was completely inhibited by the specific EGFR antagonist PD 153035 and by the EGFR and Janus kinase 2 / 3 inhibitor AG 490 . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
To determine the downstream signaling pathways regulated by betacellulin ( BTC ) in comparison with epidermal growth factor ( EGF ) , we used Chinese hamster ovary cells overexpressing the human EGF receptor ( ErbB1 / EGFR ) . ^^^ The overall time dependent activation of EGFR autophosphorylation was identical in cells treated with 1 nm BTC or 1 . 5 nm EGF . ^^^ Analysis of site specific EGFR phosphorylation demonstrated that the BTC and EGF tyrosine phosphorylation of Y 1086 was not significantly different . ^^^ Expression of a dominant interfering MEK kinase 1 ( MEKK 1 ) and Y1068F EGFR more efficiently blocked the enhanced Erk activation by BTC , compared with EGF . ^^^ Interestingly BTC had a greater inhibitory effect on apoptosis , compared with EGF , and expression of Y1068F EGFR abolished this enhanced inhibitory effect . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
High density cells also showed decreased EGF receptor ( EGFR ) autophosphorylation , decreased retinoblastoma protein phosphorylation , and increased p 27 protein expression . ^^^ In summary , we report the novel finding that high density blocks EGF dependent cell cycle progression by inhibiting EGF signaling at the level of EGF dependent Akt activation rather than at the level of EGFR activation . . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Ligand binding causes the EGF receptor ( EGFR ) to become ubiquitinated by Cbl upon association with the adaptor protein Grb 2 . ^^^ Conjugation defective ubiquitin similarly inhibited recruitment of EGF EGFR to clathrin coated pits . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
METHODS : MCF 7 breast cancer cells , which express high levels of AIB 1 , and a tamoxifen resistant derivative cell line engineered to overexpress HER 2 ( MCF 7 / HER2 18 ) were treated with estrogen , tamoxifen , epidermal growth factor ( EGF ) , or heregulin in the absence or presence of the EGF receptor ( EGFR ) tyrosine kinase inhibitor gefitinib . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
When the EGFR repression is relieved in the presence of HF , the cells become more responsive either to EGF mediated growth or to anti proliferative effect of PKI 166 , an inhibitor of EGFR phosphorylation . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
EGFR , Akt [ a target of phosphoinositide 3 kinase ( PI3K ) ] , and ERK1 / 2 were activated after plating and mechanical injury , and their phosphorylation was further enhanced by addition of exogenous EGF . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
The EGFR kinase inhibitor tyrphostin AG 1478 abrogated the TF / FVIIa complex induced MAP kinase activation and mRNA increase of egr 1 , heparin binding EGF , and interleukin 8 following FVIIa addition . ^^^ Together , these data suggest that EGFR , PYK 2 , Yes , and SHP 2 are involved in transduction of the TF / FVIIa signal possibly via transactivation of the EGF receptor . . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Exposure of fibroblasts to exogenous gangliosides increases epidermal growth factor ( EGF ) induced fibroblast proliferation and enhances EGF receptor ( EGFR ) mediated activation of the mitogen activated protein kinase signaling pathway ( Li , R . , Liu , Y . , and Ladisch , S . ( 2001 ) J . ^^^ Here we report that the EGFR itself is the target of this ganglioside effect : Preincubation of normal human dermal fibroblasts with G ( D1a ) ganglioside enhanced both EGF induced EGFR autophosphorylation and receptor tyrosine kinase activity . ^^^ The enhancement was rapid ( within 30 min ) , not due to alteration of time kinetics of the EGFR response to EGF , and reproduced in purified G ( D1a ) enriched cell membranes isolated from ganglioside preincubated fibroblasts . ^^^ Evaluating the initial steps underlying activation , EGF binding , and EGFR dimerization , we found that G ( D1a ) enrichment of the cell membrane increased EGFR dimerization and the effective number of high affinity EGFR without increasing total receptor protein . ^^^ This resulted in enhanced activation of the EGFR signal transduction cascade when EGF was added . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Growth factors of the EGF family and their respective ErbB / HER receptor tyrosine kinases underlie many landmarks of tumor cells , including excessive growth , invasive behavior and attraction of blood vessels . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
The current experiments demonstrate that this occurs because CaR activation `` transactivates ' ' the EGF receptor ( EGFR ) . ^^^ Inhibitors of matrix metalloproteinase and heparin bound EGF prevented the CaR mediated increases of pERK and PTHrP , consistent with a `` triple membrane spanning signaling ' ' requirement for transactivation of the EGFR by the CaR . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Here , we describe an association of 14 3 3zeta with the epidermal growth factor receptor ( EGFR ) that is rapidly induced by EGF . ^^^ Immunofluorescence microscopy indicated an EGF induced co localization of EGFR and HA 14 3 3zeta along the plasma membrane . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Because TGHQ , but not epidermal growth factor ( EGF ) , induces histone H 3 phosphorylation and cell death in LLC PK ( 1 ) cells , we hypothesized that there are differences in the mechanisms by which TGHQ and EGF induce activation of the EGF receptor ( EGFR ) . ^^^ We therefore compared the relative ability of TGHQ , H ( 2 ) O ( 2 ) , and EGF to activate EGFR and MAPKs and found that p 38 MAPK activation is EGFR independent , whereas ERK1 / 2 activation occurs mainly through EGFR activation . ^^^ TGHQ , H ( 2 ) O ( 2 ) , and EGF induce different EGFR tyrosine phosphorylation profiles that likely influence the subsequent differential kinetics of MAPK activation . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Expression of epidermal growth factor receptor ( EGF R ) , vascular endothelial growth factor receptor ( VEGF R ) and fibroblast growth factor receptor ( FGF R ) systems in porcine oviduct and endometrium during the time of implantation . ^^^ Distinct regulation of epidermal growth factor Receptor ( EGF R ) , vascular endothelial growth factor receptor ( VEGF R ) and fibroblast growth factor receptor ( FGF R ) systems and of bioactivation of EGF R in porcine oviduct and endometrium during the estrous cycle , early pregnancy and during steroid replacement in ovariectomized gilts is summarized . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
The epidermal growth factor receptor ( EGFR ) kinase catalyzes phosphorylation of tyrosines in its C terminus and in other cellular targets upon epidermal growth factor ( EGF ) stimulation . ^^^ Measurement of the steady state kinetic parameters , K ( m ) and k ( cat ) , revealed that EGF did not affect the binding of EGFR peptides but increased the binding affinity for peptides corresponding to the major EGFR mediated phosphorylation sites of the adaptor proteins Gab 1 ( Tyr 627 ) and Shc ( Tyr 317 ) , and for peptides containing the previously identified optimal EGFR kinase substrate sequence EEEEYFELV ( 3 7 fold ) . ^^^ Thus , ligand changed the relative preference of the EGFR kinase for substrates as evidenced by EGF increases of approximately 5 fold in the specificity constants ( k ( cat ) / K ( m ) ) for EGFR peptides , whereas approximately 15 40 fold increases were observed for other peptides , such as Gab 1 Tyr 627 . ^^^ Furthermore , we demonstrate that EGF ( 1 ) increased the binding affinity of EGFR to Gab 1 Tyr 627 and Shc Tyr 317 sites in purified GST fusion proteins approximately 4 6 fold , and ( 2 ) EGF significantly enhanced the phosphorylation of these sites , relative to EGFR autophosphorylation , in cell lysates containing the full length Gab 1 and Shc proteins . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
The epidermal growth factor receptor ( EGF R ) plays an important role in development and cell differentiation , and homologues of EGF R have been identified in a broad range of vertebrate and invertebrate organisms . ^^^ This work concerns the functional characterization of SER , the EGF R like molecule previously identified in the helminth parasite Schistosoma mansoni . ^^^ These data demonstrate the ability of the SER schistosome receptor to be activated by vertebrate EGF ligands as well as to activate the classical ERK pathway downstream , indicating the conservation of EGF R function in S . mansoni . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Vein ( Vn ) , a ligand for the Drosophila epidermal growth factor receptor ( Egfr ) , has a complex structure including a PEST , Ig , and EGF domain . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Transfection of sense cDNA of N acetylglucosamyltransferase 5 ( GnTV S ) into human H 7721 hepatocarcinoma cells resulted in an increase in the N acetylglucosaminebeta 1 , 6mannosealpha1 , 3 branch ( GnT 5 product ) on the N glycans of epidermal growth factor ( EGF ) receptor ( EGFR ) , and promotion of its EGF binding and tyrosine autophosphorylation , but showed little effect on the expression of EGFR protein . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Using neutralizing antibodies against the EGFR ligands EGF , heparin binding EGF , transforming growth factor alpha ( TGFalpha ) , or amphiregulin we have shown that only the anti TGFalpha antibody significantly decreases NT induced phosphorylation of EGFR and MAP kinases . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
ERK phosphorylation was markedly increased by low concentrations of epidermal growth factor ( EGF ) ( 0 . 2 1 ng / ml ) that provoked only a limited increase in ErbB 1 tyrosine phosphorylation and internalization . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Here , we investigated the effect of the epidermal growth factor receptor ( EGFR ) tyrosine kinase inhibitor gefitinib ( ' IRESSA ' , ZD 1839 ) on EGF stimulated invasion and proliferation in two androgen independent prostate cancer cell lines PC 3 and DU 145 . ^^^ The effect of the compound is due , as expected , to suppression of EGF induced autotransphosphorylation of EGFR . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
MATERIALS AND METHODS : We investigated the expression of HB EGF , BTC , EPR and EGF receptor ( EGF R ) in 43 human MFH tissue samples using immunohistochemical techniques . ^^^ RESULTS : Positive immuno reactivity for HB EGF , BTC , EPR and EGF R was identified in 28 ( 65 % ) , 7 ( 16 % ) , 43 ( 100 % ) and 36 ( 84 % ) out of the 43 MFH cases analyzed , respectively . ^^^ Coexpression of HB EGF / EGF R , BTC / EGF R and EPR / EGF R was observed in 25 ( 58 % ) , 6 ( 14 % ) and 36 ( 84 % ) of the MFHs , respectively . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
PURPOSE : To determine the role of epidermal growth factor ( EGF ) receptor ( EGFR ) mediated signaling pathways in preventing infection induced apoptosis in human corneal epithelial cells ( HCECs ) . ^^^ METHODS : Epithelial monolayers of a telomerase immortalized HCEC line , HUCL , and primary culture of HCECs were infected with Pseudomonas aeruginosa in the presence of the EGFR inhibitor tyrphostin AG 1478 , the extracellular signal regulated kinase ( ERK ) inhibitor U 0126 , the phosphoinositide 3 kinase ( PI3K ) inhibitor LY 294002 , the heparin binding EGF like growth factor ( HB EGF ) antagonist CRM 197 , the HB EGF neutralizing antibody , or the matrix metalloproteinase inhibitor GM 6001 . ^^^ Blocking HB EGF ectodomain shedding by inhibition of matrix metalloproteinase mediated proteolysis , downregulation of HB EGF , or neutralization of its activity retarded infection induced EGFR transactivation and , as a consequence , increased infection induced HUCL apoptosis . ^^^ CONCLUSIONS : Bacterial infection of HCECs induces EGFR transactivation through HB EGF ectodomain shedding . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
To investigate the possibility of a causative role for EGFR signaling in increasing MT MMP expression and subsequent peritumoral proteolysis , we characterized glioma cell lines for expression of MT 1 MMP , MT 2 MMP , MT 3 MMP , and MT 5 MMP by Western blotting and by quantitative real time polymerase chain reaction analysis , and for MMP 2 activity following epidermal growth factor ( EGF ) stimulation . ^^^ Furthermore , the MT 1 MMP induction by EGF was prevented by pretreatment with the EGFR specific tyrphostin inhibitor AG 1478 . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
When co overexpressed , the epidermal growth factor receptor ( EGFR ) and c Src cooperate to cause synergistic increases in EGF induced DNA synthesis , soft agar colony growth , and tumor formation in nude mice . ^^^ EGF dependent binding of CoxII to the wild type but not to the mutant Y845F EGFR was confirmed by coimmunoprecipitation experiments . ^^^ Confocal microscopy , as well as biochemical fractionation , indicated that the EGFR translocates to the mitochondria after EGF stimulation , where it colocalizes with CoxII . ^^^ However , ectopic expression of the Y845F EGFR prevented the EGF from protecting MDA MB 231 breast cancer cells from adriamycin induced apoptosis , whereas two mutants of Stat5b , a dominant interfering mutant ( DNstat5b ) and a tyrosine mutation at 699 ( Y699F Stat5b ) did not . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
We report upregulation of LRIG 1 transcript and protein upon EGF stimulation , and physical association of the encoded protein with the four EGFR orthologs of mammals . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
EGF receptor ( EGFR ) promotes intestinal epithelial restitution , an important early process in the reepithelialization of ulcers . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
We investigated whether the presence of the AR could affect EGF receptor ( EGFR ) mediated signaling in response to EGF by evaluating autotransphosphorylation of the receptor as well as activation of downstream signalling pathways . ^^^ Immunoprecipitation studies demonstrated a reduction of EGF induced tyrosine phosphorylation of EGFR in PC 3 AR cells . ^^^ In addition , EGF stimulated PI3K activity , a key signalling pathway for invasion of these cells , was decreased in PC 3 AR cells and further reduced by treatment with R 1881 , indicating decreased functionality of EGFR . ^^^ In conclusion , our results suggest that the expression of AR by transfection in PC 3 cells confers a less malignant phenotype by interfering with EGFR autophosphorylation and signalling in response to EGF leading to invasion through a mechanism involving an interaction between AR and EGFR . . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Moreover , the gp 130 dependent EGFR activation was independent of EGF ligands , suggesting a cytoplasmic interaction and cross talk between these two receptors . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
In this study , we investigated whether SNX 16 regulates EGF induced cell signaling by regulating EGFR trafficking . ^^^ SNX 16 was found to associate with EGFR after stimulation with EGF in COS 7 cells . ^^^ Moreover , overexpression of SNX 16 increased the rate of EGF induced EGFR degradation and inhibited the EGF induced up regulation of ERK and serum response element ( SRE ) . ^^^ From these results , we suggest that SNX 16 directs the sorting of EGFR to the endosomal compartment and thus regulates EGF induced cell signaling . . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
This effect was attenuated by Cu and Zn containing superoxide dismutase ( Cu / Zn SOD ) and apocynin , an inhibitor of NADPH oxidase , and completely inhibited by pretreatment with the epidermal growth factor receptor ( EGF R ) tyrosine kinase inhibitors AG 1478 and BIBX 1382 , and the mitogen activated protein kinase kinase inhibitor PD 98059 . ^^^ Stimulation with ufCB also induced processing of membrane anchored proheparin binding ( HB ) EGF , release of soluble HB EGF into the medium , association of phosphorylated EGF R and Shc with glutathione S transferase Grb 2 fusion protein , and phosphorylation of extracellular signal regulated kinase ( ERK ) . ^^^ These results suggest that ufCB causes oxidative stress mediated proliferation of airway epithelium , involving processing of HB EGF and the concomitant activation of EGF R and ERK cascade . . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
BACKGROUND & AIMS : The epidermal growth factor ( EGF ) receptor ( EGFR ) can be transactivated by many factors including G protein coupled receptor agonists and cytokines . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
EGF receptor ( EGFR ) signaling promoting invasion is disrupted in androgen sensitive prostate cancer cells by an interaction between EGFR and androgen receptor ( AR ) . ^^^ We show that EGF induced EGFR autotransphosphorylation is reduced in PC 3 AR cells compared to PC 3 cells transfected only with the vector ( PC 3 Neo ) . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
We have identified functional EGF receptors ( EGFR , ErbB1 / HER 1 ) on peripheral blood monocytes and monocyte derived macrophages . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Quantity of regenerative mucosa of healed gastric ulcer was determined using HE stain , epidermal growth factor ( EGF ) content in serum and stomach mucosa was detected by RIA and epidermal growth factor receptor ( EGFR ) protein expression was determined by immunohistochemistry . ^^^ RESULTS : Thickness of regenerated mucosa in the CHM group was higher than that in the model group and the RT group ( P < 0 . 05 or P < 0 . 01 ) ; EGF content in mucosa in the JPHY group and the RT group was higher than that in the model group ( P < 0 . 01 ) and EGFR protein expression in the JPHY group was higher than that in the model group ( P < 0 . 05 ) . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
The purpose of the present study was to further evaluate a boronated dendrimer ( BD ) epidermal growth factor bioconjugate ( BD EGF ) , administered by means of convection enhanced delivery ( CED ) , as a molecular targeting agent for boron neutron capture therapy ( BNCT ) of the F 98 ( EGFR ) glioma . ^^^ Twenty four hours following CED of ( 125 ) 1 labeled BD EGF 47 . 4 % of the injected dose ( ID ) was retained in F 98 ( EGFR ) gliomas compared to 12 . 3 % in F 98 ( WT ) ( wildtype ) receptor negative tumors . ^^^ These data show that CED improved the radiobiological effectiveness of BD EGF and lay the groundwork for future studies using combinations of boron delivery agents for NCT of EGFR ( + ) gliomas . . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
The most promising of these agents are cetuximab , which blocks the binding of EGF and transforming growth factor alpha ( TGF alpha ) to EGFR , and bevacizumab , which binds free VEGF . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Short interfering RNA knockdown of AMSH enhances the degradation rate of EGF receptor ( EGFR ) following acute stimulation and ubiquitinated EGFR provides a substrate for AMSH in vitro . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
SP also stimulates cell proliferation , a critical event in tissue healing during chronic colitis , via transactivation of the epidermal growth factor ( EGF ) receptor ( EGFR ) and activation of mitogen activated protein kinase ( MAPK ) . ^^^ Pretreatment with antibodies against potential EGFR ligands suggested that transforming growth factor alpha ( TGFalpha ) , but not the other EGFR ligands EGF , heparin binding EGF , or amphiregulin , mediates SP induced EGFR transactivation . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Our study has examined whether insulin could mediate synergy by enhancing early signaling events of the EGF receptor ( EGFR ) . ^^^ Insulin potentiation of EGF mediated phosphorylation of the EGFR occurred 2 min after stimulation . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
These residues are adjacent to the EGFR ligand binding site , which is consistent with the ability of mAb 225 to block binding of epidermal growth factor ( EGF ) and transforming growth factor alpha ( TGF alpha ) ligands . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Here we tested whether the related human LRIG 1 ( also called Lig 1 ) protein can act as a negative regulator of EGF receptor and its relatives , ErbB 2 , ErbB 3 , and ErbB 4 . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
To gain an insight into the development of this pathogenetic process , immunohistochemical techniques were used to identify the expression and tissue distribution of the potent cell mitogen epidermal growth factor ( EGF ) , and the epidermal growth factor receptor ( EGF R ) at the site of bone erosion in 30 patients with clinically failed orthopaedic implants . ^^^ The results showed a large proportion of the macrophage subsets ( Mphi ) which expressed EGF and EGF R , also contained wear particles , indicating their expression is a consequence of Mphi phagocytosis of implant material . ^^^ The surface membrane expression of EGF R on fusing Mphi suggests its presence is fundamental to the formation of bone resorbing multi nucleated giant cells , and the development of osteolysis . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
METHODS : EGF receptor ( EGFR ) was detected by flow cytometry and estrogen receptor ( ER ) by Northern blot . ^^^ All cell lines possessed functional EGFR as measured by flow cytometry and phosphorylation of the receptor and mitogen activated protein kinase after EGF treatment , but only two cell lines ( OV 177 and OV 266 ) proliferated in response to exogenous EGF . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
LH and TGFalpha / epidermal growth factor ( EGF ) significantly increased the levels of TGFalpha mRNA and protein , and the levels of EGFR protein in immature rat Leydig cells ( ILC ) . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Hydrolysis of 1 [ 4 ( m tolylamino ) 6 quinazolinyl ] 3 methyltriazene ( SMA 41 ) gives rise to an intact TKI [ 6 amino 4 ( 3 methylanilino ) quinazoline ; SMA 52 ] capable of inhibiting epidermal growth factor ( EGF ) induced EGFR autophosphorylation and a DNA targeting methyldiazonium species . ^^^ Herein , we showed that SMA 41 blocked EGF induced EGFR autophosphorylation by an irreversible mechanism , suggesting that it may covalently damage the receptor in these cells . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Effects of a conditionally active 5 ErbB and an EGF R inhibitor on transformation of NIH 3T3 cells and abrogation of cytokine dependency of hematopoietic cells . ^^^ Epidermal growth factor ( EGF ) and its cognate receptor ( EGF R ) are often dysregulated in human neoplasia . ^^^ Moreover , EGF R transformed cell lines have constitutive EGF R activity , which makes elucidation of its effects difficult to determine . ^^^ In the following studies , the effects of a novel conditionally activated form of EGF R , 5 ErbB : ER , on the morphological transformation of NIH 3T3 cells and the abrogation of hematopoietic cell cytokine dependence were investigated . ^^^ To determine the importance of these signal transduction pathways , the conditionally transformed hematopoietic cells were treated with EGF R , PI3K and MEK inhibitors . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Treatment of ECM adherent cells with EGF , or overexpression of EGFR or Myc , resulted in restoration of late G ( 1 ) cell cycle events and progression into S phase . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of ZD 6474 , an inhibitor of inhibitor of VEGF receptor ( VEGFR ) tyrosine kinase with additional activity against EGF receptor ( EGFR ) , on tumor growth and angiogenesis in an orthotopic model of gastric cancer . ^^^ EGF mediated activation of EGFR and Erk 1 / 2 was decreased in tumor cells after ZD 6474 treatment . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
We show that ash 2 is required to sustain the activation of the intervein promoting genes net and blistered ( bs ) and to repress rhomboid ( rho ) , a component of the EGF receptor ( Egfr ) pathway . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
The ligands for the EGFR / erbB1 receptor , EGF ( epidermal growth factor ) and TGF alpha ( transforming growth factor alpha ) demonstrate an increased ability to activate Akt in TAM R compared with parental MCF 7 cells and it is proposed that the preferred autocrine or paracrine activation of Akt occurs via the erbB heterodimer EGFR / erbB2 in TAM R cells . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Epidermal growth factor receptor ( EGF R ) overexpression is common in a large number of solid tumors and represents a negative prognostic indicator . ^^^ Overexpression of EGF R is strongly tumor associated , and this tyrosine kinase type receptor is considered an attractive target for Ab therapy . ^^^ In this study , we describe the evaluation of mAb 2F8 , a high avidity human mAb ( IgG1kappa ) directed against EGF R , developed using human Ig transgenic mice . mAb 2F8 effectively blocked binding of EGF and TGF alpha to the EGF R . ^^^ At saturating concentrations , 2F8 completely blocked EGF R signaling and inhibited the in vitro proliferation of EGF R overexpressing A 431 cells . ^^^ Ex vivo analysis of the EGF R status in tumor xenografts in 2F8 treated mice revealed that there are two therapeutic mechanisms . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Immunohistochemistry and Western blot analyses revealed a selective reduction in expression levels of epidermal growth factor ( EGF ) receptor ( EGFR ) signaling elements in the aged forebrain subventricular zone . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Inhibition of EGFR signalling by gefitinib significantly inhibited cell motility and invasion thus suggesting a role for the EGF receptor in the aggressive phenotype of tamoxifen resistant breast cancer cells . . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Results in various cells have led to the idea that a major mechanism for GPCR mediated stimulation of cell growth is transactivation of receptor tyrosine kinases , particularly the EGF receptor ( EGFR ) , leading to rapid phosphorylation of the EGFR and activation of downstream signaling pathways . ^^^ Finally , the selective EGFR inhibitor AG 1478 did not suppress the activation of extracellular signal regulated kinase 1 / 2 ( ERK1 / 2 ) or the induction of c myc or ATF3 / LRF 1 by the GPCR agonists , and did not prevent the comitogenic effects induced by these agents , while it blocked the effect of EGF on these responses . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Furthermore , EGFR phosphorylation following an injection of EGF was reduced after PH . ^^^ When primary cultured hepatocytes were treated with tetradecanoylphorbol acetate ( TPA ) to induce T 654 phosphorylation of EGFR , we found colocalization of a fraction of EGFR with EEA 1 , downregulation of EGF mediated EGFR autophosphorylation , altered ligand induced intracellular sorting of EGFR , and increased mitogenic signaling through the EGFR Ras Raf ERK pathway . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
However , P2Y receptor internalization and degradation was not detected following stimulation with ATP , which is in contrast to EGFR internalization observed in response to EGF . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Transcription profiling identified classes of genes that are differentially expressed in early and late retinal stem cells / progenitors in proliferating conditions and suggested that the distinct proliferative response to FGF 2 and EGF is likely due to differential expression of FGF receptor 1 ( FGFR 1 ) and EGF receptor ( EGFR ) . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
EGF receptors ( EGFR ) are overexpressed in gliomas , as well as in tumors of breast , lung , and urinary bladder . ^^^ Natural ligand of EGFR , epidermal growth factor ( EGF ) is a small 53 amino acid protein . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
ENaC was not phosphorylated in response to EGF , indicating that intermediary proteins transduce the inhibitory signal from the EGF receptor ( EGFR ) to ENaC . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
During Caenorhabditis elegans vulval development , the anchor cell ( AC ) in the somatic gonad secretes an epidermal growth factor ( EGF ) to activate the EGF receptor ( EGFR ) signaling pathway in the adjacent vulval precursor cells ( VPCs ) . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
We showed that during the EGF stimulated maturation , ROS neither affected the decrease of EGF receptor ( EGFR ) nor did inhibit totally its phosphorylation in cumulus cells and also did not totally eliminate tyrosine phosphorylation in oocytes . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Clone 9 rat hepatocytes ( C 9 cells ) express receptors for angiotensin 2 ( Ang 2 ) type 1 , lysophosphatidic acid ( LPA ) , and epidermal growth factor ( EGF ) , and their stimulation causes transient ERK1 / 2 phosphorylation through transactivation of the epidermal growth factor receptor ( EGF R ) . ^^^ Selective blockade of EGF R kinase by AG 1478 [ 4 ( 3 chloroanilino ) 6 , 7 dimethoxyquinazoline ] abolished the ERK1 / 2 activation induced by Go 6976 . ^^^ Although Go 6976 caused a significant increase in EGF induced tyrosine phosphorylation of the EGF R and subsequent ERK1 / 2 activation , it had no such effects on LPA induced responses . ^^^ These data indicate that Go 6976 potentiates agonist induced ERK1 / 2 activation through stimulation of tyrosine phosphorylation of the EGF R . . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Here we show that CEACAM 1 is a substrate of the EGFR and that upon being phosphorylated , CEACAM 1 reduces EGFR mediated growth of transfected Cos 7 and MCF 7 cells in response to EGF . ^^^ Using transgenic mice overexpressing a phosphorylation defective CEACAM 1 mutant in liver ( L SACC 1 ) , we show that the effect of CEACAM 1 on EGF dependent cell proliferation is mediated by its ability to bind to and sequester Shc , thus uncoupling EGFR signaling from the ras / MAPK pathway . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
The presence of AG 1478 , an epidermal growth factor ( EGF ) receptor ( EGFR ) kinase inhibitor , had no effect on ERK or Ras activation , indicating that EGFR kinase activity is not involved in ERK activation by UVA . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
BACKGROUND & OBJECTIVE : Leucine rich repeats and immunoglobulin like domains 1 ( LRIG 1 ) is a kind of transmembrane glycoprotein , which is induced by epidermal growth factor ( EGF ) , and develops inhibitory negative feedback by specific binding with epidermal growth factor receptor ( EGFR ) . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Direct interaction of Cbl with pTyr 1045 of the EGF receptor ( EGFR ) is required to sort the EGFR to lysosomes for degradation . ^^^ Mutation of the binding site for Cbl ( Tyr 1045 ) in the EGF receptor ( EGFR ) results in impaired ubiquitination but does not affect EGFR internalization . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
In an effort to elucidate the role of ErbB receptors in human head and neck squamous cell carcinoma ( HNSCC ) , expression abnormalities and subcellular localization of epidermal growth factor receptor ( EGFR ) , ErbB 2 , ErbB 3 , and ErbB 4 were investigated along with EGF and tenascin by immunohistochemistry in 38 carcinomas as compared to adjacent normal mucosa of 24 cases . ^^^ Expression of prototype ligand EGF or low affinity stromal activator tenascin correlated significantly with EGFR overexpression , implying chronic EGFR activation . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
The present study examines how an integration of the function of alpha2beta1 integrin with that of the receptor for epidermal growth factor ( EGFR ) modulates EGF stimulated morphological changes in human rhabdomyosarcoma RD transfectant cells . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
EGF signalling amplification induced by dynamic clustering of EGFR . ^^^ Binding of EGF is known to induce transphosphorylation inside EGFR dimers . ^^^ Using single molecule techniques , the relationship between EGF binding and EGFR phosphorylation has been determined . ^^^ The number of phosphorylated EGFR molecules became larger than that of EGF binding as unliganded EGFR was phosphorylated , meaning an amplification of EGF signalling . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
In addition , curcumin blocked EGF signaling by inhibiting EGF receptor ( EGFR ) tyrosine phosphorylation and suppressing the gene expression of EGFR mediated by activation of PPARgamma . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
The AT 1 receptor is a heptahelical Gaq / 11 coupled receptor that initiates phospholipase C activity and release of intracellular calcium ; recent data suggest that the AT 1 receptor can also activate the epidermal growth factor receptor ( EGFR ) , although the roles of specific EGF mediated signaling cascades in AT 1 effects on mesangial cell biology are uncertain . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Next , we analyzed expression levels of phosphorylated ERK1 / 2 and compared these results with EGFR ( HER 1 / ErbB1 ) and HER2 / neu ( ErbB 2 ) expression levels , as EGFR conducts signals through Ras Raf MAPK pathway ; gefitinib inhibited phosphorylation of ERK1 / 2 by EGF addition in cell lines with detectable and undetectable EGFR expression . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
In addition to its contribution to cell adhesion , E cadherin was found to induce ligand independent activation of the EGF receptor ( EGFR ) , likely as a result of their co clustering . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
In this model EGF binding induces a dramatic conformational change in EGFR , exposing a dimerization site that is normally occluded in the inactivated conformation , and thus promoting the formation of an entirely receptor mediated dimer . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Considerable support exists for the importance of the epidermal growth factor ( EGF ) / transforming growth factor alpha ( TGF alpha ) / EGF receptor ( EGFR ) axis and of the adenylyl cyclase adenosine 3 ' , 5 ' cyclic monophosphate ( cAMP ) pathway in the pathogenesis of cyst formation and progressive enlargement . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
CONCLUSION : These findings suggest that the EGF EGF receptor ( EGFR ) axis has a significant role in the development of early diabetes related kidney growth . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
The EGF mediated induction of Cdc25B required a functional EGF receptor ( ErbB 1 ) , as mouse embryonic fibroblasts lacking ErbB 1 did not have increased Cdc25B levels after EGF treatment . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
The inhibition of tumor cell proliferation is not associated with blockage of EGF receptor ( EGFR ) , but substantially due to the interference with the signalling pathway at the level of Src tyrosine kinase and at the level of the downstream effector signal mitogen activated protein kinases ( MAPKs ) , ERK 1 2 . . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Over the past year , the field has progressed from having a complete absence of 10 ray crystal structures to having eight such structures ; ErbB 2 alone or complexed with the two monoclonal antibodies pertuzumab ( Genentech Inc / Roche Holdings AG / Chugai Pharmaceutical Co Ltd ) and trastuzamab , ErbB 3 without a ligand , EGFR with a ligand bound in an unactivated monomeric conformation , and EGFR with either epidermal growth factor ( EGF ) or transforming growth factor alpha ( TGFalpha ) in a 2 : 2 dimeric complex . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Epidermal growth factor receptor ( EGFR ) targeted DNA polyplexes , containing polyethylenimine ( PEI ) conjugated with EGF protein as cell binding ligand for endocytosis and polyethylene glycol ( PEG ) for masking the polyplex surface charge , mediated a 3 to 30 fold higher luciferase gene expression in HUH 7 , HepG 2 and A 431 cell transfections than analogous untargeted PEG PEI polyplexes . ^^^ Epidermal growth factor receptor ( EGFR ) targeted DNA polyplexes , containing polyethylenimine ( PEI ) conjugated with EGF protein as cell binding ligand for endocytosis and polyethylene glycol ( PEG ) for masking the polyplex surface charge , mediated a 3 to 30 fold higher luciferase gene expression in HUH 7 , HepG 2 and A 431 cell transfections than analogous untargeted PEG PEI polyplexes . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
ESCRT proteins normally function at endosomal membranes , where they facilitate the downregulation of mitogen activated receptors such as EGF receptor ( EGFR ) through multivesicular body biogenesis . ^^^ Here we show that the expression of HIV 1 Gag decreases the rate of EGFR downregulation , as assessed by decreases in the rates of ( 125 ) 1 EGF and EGFR degradation . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
BACKGROUND : EGF Receptor Related Protein ( ERRP ) , a recently identified negative regulator of EGF receptor ( EGFR ) , has been shown to inhibit growth of colon cancer xenograft tumors in SCID mice . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Thus , we attempted to more fully characterize EGF / EGFR signaling in human cholangiocarcinoma cells . ^^^ RESULTS : EGFR activation was sustained following EGF stimulation in cholangiocarcinoma cells as compared to hepatoma cells . ^^^ Cell growth was increased in cholangiocarcinoma cells following EGF stimulation as compared to hepatoma cells , and this was significantly attenuated by EGFR kinase inhibitors . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Expression of the epidermal growth factor ( EGF ) and activation of its receptor ( EGFR ) , a tyrosine kinase , are associated with progressive growth of head and neck cancer . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
BACKGROUND : Epidermal growth factor ( EGF ) and its receptor ( EGF R ) are attractive targets for cancer immunotherapy . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
The DIII fragment bound the EGF receptor ( EGF R ) and stimulated cell scattering and migration . ^^^ Two of the three EGF like motifs present in the rat DIII fragment are present in the 27 kDa human fragment , and like the rat DIII , this fragment can promote breast carcinoma cell migration by engaging the EGF R . ^^^ These results suggest that MT 1 MMP processing of Ln 5 in human tumors may stimulate the EGF R , resulting in increased tumor cell scattering and migration that could possibly increase their metastatic potential . . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Furthermore , treatment of cells with GM 6001 , which inhibits matrix metalloproteinase activity , significantly suppressed CS stimulated EGF shedding , EGFR and ERK kinase phosphorylation , and subsequent fra 1 induction . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
EGF receptor ( EGFr ) is overexpressed in many types of tumors and constitutes a target for cancer treatment . ^^^ The pituitary gland is a target of EGF action and it is very likely that EGFr plays a role in pituitary tumor formation and progression . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
The h R 3 is a humanized monoclonal antibody ( Mab ) that binds to the external domain of the human epidermal growth factor receptor ( EGF R ) . ^^^ Since it is known that different animal species have different EGF R amino acid sequences , it raises the handicap that , a priori , the animal species relevant for the pharmacodynamic , pharmacokinetic , and toxicologic studies of this Mab are unknown . ^^^ To elucidate relevant laboratory animal species , the authors investigated the immunohistochemical recognition by h R 3 Mab of EGF R in small skin biopsy samples obtained from NMRI nu / nu , C57Bl / 6 , and OF 1 mice ; Sprague Dawley rats ; Hartley guinea pigs ; New Zealand rabbits ; and Cercopithecus aethiops and Macaca fascicularis monkeys . ^^^ The immunolocalization of EGF R in different tissue sections was performed using the avidin biotin peroxidase complex ( ABC ) technique . ^^^ The fact that h R 3 Mab recognizes other animal EGF receptors in addition to the human EGF R makes it possible to perform relevant pharmacodynamic , pharmacokinetic , and toxicologic studies in some laboratory animals . . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
In this issue of Cancer Cell , Mellinghoff et al . ( 2004 ) demonstrate that a small molecule inhibitor of the EGF receptor ( EGFR ) and the HER2 / ErbB2 / c Neu kinase blocks signaling to the androgen receptor by a mechanism that involves HER2 / HER3 heterodimerization . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
These results indicate that overactivation of the EGF receptors ( ErbB 1 ) during the neonatal period influences future sensitivity to psychostimulants . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Stimulation of the duct cells with epidermal growth factor ( EGF ) and betacellulin results in Tyr phosphorylation of ErbB 1 and ErbB 2 , followed by activation of Shc , MEK1 / 2 and ERK1 / 2 . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Interestingly , LY 294002 , but not PD 98059 , inhibited wild type EGFR pTyr in response to EGF treatment in U87MG parental cells and in wild type EGFR overexpressing U87MG cells . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Current studies support a model whereby AT ( 1 ) R dependent transactivation of EGFRs on cardiomyocytes involves stimulation of membrane bound metalloproteases , which in turn cleave EGFR ligands such as heparin binding EGF from a plasma membrane associated precursor . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
As the autophosphorylation sites on EGF receptor ( EGFR ) do not include canonical PI 3 kinase binding sites , it is thought that EGF stimulation of PI 3 kinase and its downstream effector Akt is mediated by an indirect mechanism . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
We find that Gene 33 inhibits EGFR autophosphorylation and specifically blunts epidermal growth factor ( EGF ) induced activation and / or phosphorylation of Ras , ERK , JNK , Akt / PKB , and retinoblastoma protein . ^^^ Dex induces Gene 33 expression and inhibits EGFR phosphorylation and EGF signaling . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Stepwise increases in pressure resulted in MT development associated with increased EGFR phosphorylation and release of heparin binding EGF ( HB EGF ) , a membrane bound growth factor that is shed on cleavage by metalloproteinases . ^^^ CONCLUSIONS : These novel findings suggest that the mechanism of pressure induced MT involves metalloproteinases 2 / 9 activation with subsequent HB EGF release and EGFR transactivation . . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
PURPOSE : Human corneal epithelial cells ( HCECs ) were functionally depleted of erbB 2 to elucidate its role in epidermal growth factor ( EGF ) receptor ( EGFR ) activation dependent cell migration . ^^^ Effects of erbB 2 depletion on heparin binding EGF like growth factor ( HB EGF ) induced cell migration were determined by Boyden chamber migration assay and by scratch wound assay . ^^^ Depletion of functional erbB 2 attenuated the healing of scratch wounds in the presence of HB EGF and impaired both chemotactic migration stimulated by HB EGF and haptotactic migration toward a fibronectin collagen 1 ( 3 : 1 ; FNC ) coating mix . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Increases in the immunolocalization of TN and type 4 collagen and decreases in the immunolocalization of EGF and EGFR in the placentas of alcohol receiving rats were found . ^^^ In conclusion , ethanol treatment during pregnancy in rats affected placentation and the immunolocalization of TN , type 4 collagen , EGF and EGFR in the placentas . . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
This pulsatile process has a 1 hour period , occurs without cell division , and requires a localized EGF receptor ( EGFR ) response . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
In addition to this pathway , the non receptor tyrosine kinases ( Src ) , EGF receptor ( EGFR ) , and phosphatidylinositol 3 kinase ( PI 3 K ) have been implicated in linking a variety of G protein coupled receptors to MAPK cascades . ^^^ We initially observed that BK and EGF dependent activation of Src , EGFR , Akt , and p42 / p44 MAPK and [ 3H ] thymidine incorporation were mediated by Src and EGFR , because the Src inhibitor PP 1 and EGFR kinase inhibitor AG 1478 abrogated BK and EGF dependent effects . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
L EGF and Gigantoxin 1 share striking sequence similarity with mammalian erbB 1 receptor ligands , including most of the essential receptor binding sites . ^^^ That is , the secondary and tertiary structure of L EGF indicates the presence of a double stranded beta sheet but also suggests that this protein , in contrast to all other erbB 1 ligands , contains a calcium binding domain . ^^^ We discuss sequence similarities and dissimilarities in the light of indications that , despite the more than 600 million years of phylogenetic distance separating both these invertebrates from mammals , Gigantoxin 1 and L EGF retain some affinity for the mammalian erbB family of receptors . ^^^ Considering that mammalian EGF and its family members are frequently implicated in neoplastic diseases , the increasing number of identified and characterized invertebrate EGF family members may provide valuable leads in the design of erbB receptor antagonists . . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
The epidermal growth factor system has been associated to prognosis in patients with bladder cancer based mainly on the expression of the epidermal growth factor ( EGF ) receptor 1 ( EGFR ) and HER 2 and their activating ligands . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
These data provide the original evidence that EGF significantly enhances TNF alpha induced priming of human neutrophils acting through EGFR tyrosine kinase pathway . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Here we show that the expression of SOCS 5 and its closest homolog SOCS 4 is elevated in cells following treatment with EGF , similar to several negative feedback regulators of EGFR whose expression is up regulated upon receptor activation . ^^^ The reduction in EGFR levels and EGF induced signaling in SOCS 5 expressing cells requires both the Src homology 2 and SOCS box domains of SOCS 5 . ^^^ Interestingly , EGFR is degraded by SOCS 5 prior to EGF treatment in a ligand and c Cbl independent manner . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
A 120 kDa nuclear phospholipase Cgamma 1 protein fragment is stimulated in vivo by EGF signal phosphorylating nuclear membrane EGFR . ^^^ Intraperitoneal injection of epidermal growth factor ( EGF ) into mice resulted in the phosphorylation of liver nuclei phospholipase Cgamma 1 ( PLCgamma 1 ) at the tyrosine , coincident with the time course of nuclear membrane epidermal growth factor receptor ( EGFR ) activation . ^^^ The tyrosine phosphorylated 120 kDa protein interacts with activated EGFR , binds phosphatidylinositol 3 OH kinase enhancer ( PIKE ) , enhances nuclear phosphatidylinositol 3 OH kinase ( PI [ 3 ] K ) activity , and generates diacylglycerol ( DAG ) in response to the EGF signal to the nucleus in vivo . ^^^ These results establish the capacity of EGF triggered nuclear signaling which is mediated by EGFR itself , located on the inner nuclear membrane . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Thereafter , high levels of FAS are maintained in coordination with increased demand for fatty acid metabolism and / or membrane synthesis in response to cancer related overexpression of growth factors ( e . g . , EGF , heregulin ) and / or growth factor receptors ( e . g . , EGFR , Her 2 / neu ) . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Four ErbB receptors and multiple growth factors sharing an epidermal growth factor ( EGF ) motif underlie transmembrane signaling by the ErbB family in development and cancer . ^^^ Unlike other ErbB proteins , ErbB 2 binds no known EGF like ligand . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
This effect was blocked by the EGF receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitors gefitinib and erlotinib , as well as by the EGFR antibody cetuximab . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Src family kinase inhibitors block amphiregulin mediated autocrine ErbB signaling in normal human keratinocytes . c Src potentiates proliferation , survival , and invasiveness in response to epidermal growth factor ( EGF ) in human mammary carcinoma cells . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Treatment with EGF stimulated global phosphorylation of the EGFR at Tyr ( 845 ) , Tyr ( 992 ) , Tyr ( 1068 ) , and Tyr ( 1045 ) in glioblastoma cell lines ( U 1242 MG and U 87 MG ) . ^^^ Inhibition of the EGFR with AG 1478 did not significantly alter PMA induced EGFR Tyr ( 1068 ) phosphorylation , but completely blocked EGF induced phosphorylation of the EGFR . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Immunoprecipitation experiments showed that EGF stimulation increased GRK 2 binding to EGFR complex in HEK 293 cells coexpressing EGFR and GRK 2 . ^^^ The EGF induced GRK 2 EGFR complex formation was greatly reduced by perturbation of EGFR and Src tyrosine kinase activity . ^^^ Furthermore , studies with GRK 2 mutants showed that neither catalytic activity nor the N terminal domain of GRK 2 was required for EGF induced GRK 2 EGFR complex formation . ^^^ However , overexpression of Gbetagamma scavengers blocked EGF induced formation of GRK 2 EGFR complex . . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
TGF beta 1 is known to transactivate the 170 kDa EGF receptor ( EGFR ) by autocrine HB EGF or TGF alpha mechanisms suggesting involvement of EGFR activation in certain TGF beta 1 initiated responses . ^^^ Incubation of quiescent R 22 cells with the EGFR specific inhibitor AG 1478 prior to growth factor ( EGF or TGF beta 1 ) addition effectively blocked EGFR activation as determined by direct visualization of receptor internalization . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Epidermal growth factor ( EGF ) has been shown to play a role in the pathogenesis of many types of cancer , and its receptor ( EGFR ) provides an attractive target for molecular therapy . ^^^ Activation of EGFR by EGF was blocked by the addition of gefitinib . ^^^ Gefitinib effectively blocks activation of EGFR by EGF , inhibits ATC cellular proliferation , and induces apoptosis in vitro . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
We have shown that the G protein coupled receptor ( GPCR ) agonists , thrombin and Factor Xa , stimulate smooth muscle cell ( SMC ) proliferation through transactivation of the EGF receptor ( EGFR ) or the FGF receptor ( FGFR ) , both of which are tyrosine kinase receptors . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
CONCLUSIONS : The direct comparison of the expression profiles of BCAR transfectants and oestrogen or EGF stimulated cells strongly suggests that anti oestrogen resistant cell proliferation is not caused by alternative activation of the oestrogen receptor or by the epidermal growth factor receptor signalling pathway . . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
EGF receptor ( EGFR ) expresses on the surface of normal cells , and abnormally over expresses on many kinds of tumor cells , especially on solid tumor cells . ^^^ CONCLUSIONS : Fusion protein EGF E4orf4 may enter cells mediated by EGFR , and thus inhibit growth of tumor cells . . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
The over expression of epidermal growth factor receptor ( EGFR ) and its ligands , epidermal growth factor ( EGF ) and transforming growth factor alpha , is a common feature of epithelial carcinomas and correlates with neoplastic progression . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
RESULTS : The overall reproducibility of phospho peptide synthesis and multiplexed EGF receptor ( EGFR ) autophosphorylation site ( pY 1173 ) antibody ELISA ( 9H2 ) was within 5 . 5 to 8 . 0 % . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
To further determine the functional properties of ERRP , we examined the effect of ERRP on epidermal growth factor ( EGF ) induced EGFR phosphorylation essential for its activation in MKN 28 gastric cancer cells . ^^^ Exogenous ERRP protein markedly inhibited EGF induced EGFR phosphorylation in gastric cancer cells providing a novel molecular mechanism of its action . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Immunoprecipitation studies demonstrated a reduction of EGF induced tyrosine phosphorylation of EGFR in PC 3 AR cells . ^^^ In addition , EGF stimulated PI3K activity , a key signaling pathway for invasion of these cells , was decreased in PC 3 AR cells and further reduced by treatment with R 1881 , indicating decreased functionality of EGFR . ^^^ Our results suggest that the expression of androgen receptors by transfection in PC 3 cells confers a less malignant phenotype by interfering with EGFR autophosphorylation and signaling leading to invasion in response to EGF . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Anti phosphotyrosine and anti EGFr affinity chromatography , isotope coded muLC MS / MS , and immunoblot methods were combined to describe and measure signaling networks associated with EGF receptor activation and pharmacological inhibition . ^^^ The squamous carcinoma cell line HN 5 , which overexpresses EGF receptor and displays sustained receptor kinase activation , was used as a model system , where pharmacological inhibition of EGF receptor kinase by erlotinib markedly reduced auto and substrate phosphorylation , Src family phosphorylation at EGFR Y 845 , while increasing total EGF receptor protein . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Recent studies reported that epidermal growth factor receptor ( EGFR ) could be activated through heparin binding EGF cleavage by metalloproteinases . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
EGF treatment of SHIP 2 RNAi cells led to the following : enhanced EGF receptor ( EGFR ) degradation ; increased EGFR ubiquitination ; and increased association of EGFR with c Cbl ubiquitin ligase . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN : Glioblastoma controlled by EGF receptor ( EGFR ; U87MG ) or by the truncated mutant , DeltaEGFR ( U87MG / Delta ) , were transfected with Herstatin and evaluated for in vitro and in vivo growth in nude rat brain . ^^^ Inhibition of U87MG growth correlated with suppressed EGF activation of EGFR and of Akt but not mitogen activated protein kinase signaling pathways , whereas DeltaEGFR activity and intracellular signaling in U87MG / Delta were unaffected by Herstatin treatment . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Expression levels of EGF , TGF alpha , and EGF R are significantly reduced in pre implantation cloned mouse embryos . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
The ErbB family , ErbB 1 ( also known as the epidermal growth factor receptor EGFR ) , ErbB 2 , ErbB 3 , and ErbB 4 comprise a group of receptor tyrosine kinases that interact with ligands from the epidermal growth factor ( EGF ) superfamily , subsequently dimerize , catalytically activate each other by cross phosphorylation , and then stimulate various signaling pathways . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Mammals contain four members ( HER1 / EGFR , HER2 / Neu , HER 3 , and HER 4 ) of the epidermal growth factor receptor ( EGFR ) family , which transduce extracellular signals by EGF family peptide growth factors . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Other studies also correlate EGF receptor ( EGFR ) expression with poor prognosis in breast cancer , but follow up studies suggest that this association is much less robust than with ErbB 2 , and requires more careful analysis . ^^^ Many studies have suggested an association between overexpression of receptor tyrosine kinases ( RTKs ) from the EGF receptor ( or ErbB ) family and breast cancer . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
EGF R and erbB 2 in murine tooth development after ethanol exposure . ^^^ Epidermal growth factor receptor type 1 ( EGF R ) and epidermal growth factor receptor type 2 ( erbB 2 ) immunoexpression during the lower first molar morphogenesis was investigated in mouse fetuses exposed to ethanol during gestation . ^^^ Immunohistochemistry was applied to EGF R and erbB 2 . ^^^ RESULTS : At days 16 . 5 and 18 . 5 , fetuses from 15 % , 20 % , and 25 % ethanol groups showed delayed differentiation , degenerative changes in dental epithelial tissues and reduced dental size ; additionally , they displayed an enhanced immunoreactivity to EGF R and erbB 2 . ^^^ Epidermal growth factor receptor type 1 ( EGF R ) and epidermal growth factor receptor type 2 ( erbB 2 ) immunoexpression during the lower first molar morphogenesis was investigated in mouse fetuses exposed to ethanol during gestation . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
In this study , the ability of SOCS 5 to negatively regulate signaling cascades downstream of the epidermal growth factor receptor ( EGF R ) has been examined by using an EGF responsive cell line engineered to constitutively express the EGF R and SOCS 5 or SOCS 5 mutants . ^^^ SOCS 5 associated with the EGF R complex in an EGF independent manner , and the mitogenic response to EGF of all SOCS 5 expressing cell lines was dramatically inhibited when compared with control cell lines . ^^^ This result suggests that the inhibition of signaling occurs through enhanced proteasomal degradation of the EGF R through SOCS box recruitment of E 3 ubiquitin ligase activity . . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
After 4 hours of exposure , cetuximab reduced epidermal growth factor ( EGF ) induced phosphorylation of EGFR ( pEGFR ) and HER 2 ( pHER 2 ) in cetuximab sensitive cell lines but not in cetuximab resistant cell lines . ^^^ Cetuximab reduced EGF induced phosphorylation of extracellular signal regulated kinase 1 / 2 ( pERK ) in all EGFR expressing cell lines . ^^^ In the absence of EGF , cetuximab alone increased the level of pEGFR and pHER 2 above that seen in untreated control cells in both sensitive and resistant cell lines that were EGFR and HER 2 positive , but not in EGFR or HER 2 negative lines . ^^^ Despite the cetuximab induced increase in phosphorylation of EGFR and HER 2 , peak EGF induced levels of pEGFR and pHER 2 were reduced by cetuximab in the cetuximab sensitive lines but not in the resistant lines . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
However , MNNG treatment did not activate Ras , the downstream mediator in EGFR signaling pathway , as compared to EGF treatment . ^^^ The autophosphorylation of tyrosine residues Y 1068 and Y 1173 at the intracellular domain of EGFR , which is related to Ras activation under EGF treatment , was also not observed by MNNG exposure . ^^^ Interestingly , although MNNG did not affect the binding of EGF to EGFR , MNNG can interfere with EGF function . ^^^ For instance , pre incubating FL cells with MNNG inhibited the autophosphorylation of EGFR by EGF treatment , as well as the activation of Ras . ^^^ In addition , the phosphorylation of Y 845 on EGFR by EGF , which is mediated through c Src or related kinases but not autophosphorylation , was also affected by MNNG . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Here , we show that the epidermal growth factor ( EGF ) receptor ( EGFR ) , when stimulated with low doses of EGF , is internalized almost exclusively through the clathrin pathway , and it is not ubiquitinated . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Phosphorylation of both EGFR and ErbB 2 is a reliable predictor of prostate cancer cell proliferation in response to EGF . ^^^ EGF induced proliferation was observed in all EGFR expressing PC cells except PC 3 , indicating that EGFR expression does not unequivocally trigger proliferation following EGF stimulation . ^^^ ErbB 2 recruitment potentiated EGF induced signals and was associated with the most pronounced effects of EGF despite low EGFR expression . ^^^ In this way , the sum of EGFR and ErbB 2 receptor phosphorylation proved to be a more sensitive indicator of EGF induced proliferation than quantification of the expression of either receptor alone . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
The purpose of this study was to investigate the expression of the EGF family of growth factors and EGF receptor subtypes ( ErbB 1 4 ) present in lacrimal gland and determine the effects of these growth factors on different functions of rat lacrimal gland . ^^^ Rat lacrimal gland expressed EGF , TGF alpha , HB EGF , and heregulin mRNA , and all four ErbB receptors were present in the lacrimal gland as detected by western blot analyses . ^^^ We conclude that all members of the EGF family of growth factors studied are synthesised in rat lacrimal gland , could activate all four ErbB receptors that are present in this tissue , and differentially activate lacrimal gland functions . . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
In the experiments described here using AGS gastric cancer cells , SN 38 ( the active metabolite of CPT 11 ) induced tyrosine phosphorylation of EGFR within 5 min , and this was followed by the induction of transcripts and / or proteins of heparin binding EGF like growth factor , amphiregulin , transforming growth factor alpha , and interlukin 8 ( IL 8 ) . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
The findings reported here demonstrate that SN 38 ( the active metabolite of CPT 11 ) induces the tyrosine phosphorylation of EGFR within 5 min , followed by the induction of transcripts and / or proteins of the heparin binding EGF like growth factor , amphiregulin , transforming growth factor alpha , and interlukin 8 ( IL 8 ) in AGS gastric cancer cells . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Our earlier work shows that nicotine enhances cellular proliferation of cervical cancer cell lines by up regulating epidermal growth factor ( EGF ) and its receptor EGF R , which leads to increased insulin like growth factor 2 in vitro . ^^^ This has prompted us to study if in vitro nicotine treatment will up regulate VEGF C alongside EGF R levels , while down regulating the anti proliferative transforming growth factor ( TGF ) beta levels in HPV positive cervical cancer cell lines . ^^^ The cellular levels of VEGF C , TGF beta , EGF R and HPV E 6 ( early protein 6 ) were measured by a semi quantitative immunofluorescent antibody assay . ^^^ EGF R levels were also significantly increased after nicotine treatment in HeLa and ME 180 , while HPV E 6 levels remained unchanged in all three . ^^^ CONCLUSIONS : Nicotine up regulates expression of cell proliferative VEGF C and EGF R , while down regulating anti proliferative TGF beta . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Therapies that target the EGF receptor ( EGFR ) , such as gefitinib ( IRESSA ) , are effective in a subset of patients with advanced non small cell lung cancer ( NSCLC ) . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
By RT PCR , the EGF receptors ErbB 1 3 were detected in the developing mouse pancreas between embryonic day ( E ) 13 . 5 and E17 . 5 , whereas ErbB 4 was not detected until E17 . 5 . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
OBJECTIVE : To investigate changes in biologic properties of non small cell lung cancer ( NSCLC ) A 549 cells whose EGF receptor ( EGFR ) expression was suppressed by short interference RNA ( siRNA ) . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
RESULTS : Autophosphorylation of EGFR which occurred 1 5 min after irradiation ( IR , 2 Gy ) or treatment with EGF ( 100 ng / ml ) could be inhibited in all cells tested by pre treatment with BIBX1382BS for 30 min . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
We also found that arsenite stimulated EGF ( ErbB 1 ) and ErbB 2 receptor transactivation , manifest as receptor tyrosine phosphorylation , appeared to be a proximal signaling event leading to p21Cip1 / Waf1 induction , because both pharmacological inhibitors and knockdown of receptors by RNA interference blocked arsenite induced p21Cip1 / Waf1 upregulation . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
To investigate the mechanism ( s ) by which EGFR becomes activated in breast cancer , we screened a cDNA expression library for genes that mediate EGF independent proliferation of human mammary epithelial cells ( HMECs ) . ^^^ Taken together , our results demonstrate that YB 1 overexpression can induce EGF independence in HMECs via activation of the EGFR pathway . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
In this study , we determined the expression of epidermal growth factor ( EGF ) and its receptor ( EGFr ) gene , and the effect of exogenous EGF supplementation on preimplantation development of porcine somatic cell nuclear transfer ( SCNT ) embryos . ^^^ The expression of EGF and EGFr mRNA was determined using reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction ( RT PCR ) . ^^^ In SCNT and IVF embryos , the EGF mRNA was detected in oocytes , 2 cell , 4 cell , 8 cell , morulae , and blastocysts , while EGFr mRNA was detected in oocytes , 2 cell , morulae , and blastocysts . ^^^ In conclusion , we demonstrated that EGF and EGFr mRNA are expressed in porcine IVF and SCNT preimplantation embryos , and that EGF increased the quality of blastocysts by increasing total cell numbers in porcine SCNT embryos . . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
MATERIALS AND METHODS : By semi quantitative RT PCR , we determined the relative expressions of VEGF mRNA in MCF 7 ( both ER alpha+ and ER beta+ ( mainly ER alpha+ ) , PR+ , bcl 2+ , EGFR ) and MB MDA 231 ( only ER beta+ , PR , EGFR ) breast cancer cells which were treated with estrogen , tamoxifen and EGF ( Epidermal Growth Factor ) . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
RESULTS : EGF induced EGFR / EGFR and EGFR / c erbB 2 interactions correlate with stimulation of cell proliferation in BT 474 cells . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
EGF activates the ErbB 1 receptor , but there appears only a limited correlation between its receptor binding affinity and mitogenic activity . ^^^ This is indicated by our present observation that in cells with high ErbB 1 expression , including SUM 102 breast tumor cells , low affinity EGF / Notch chimeras have similarly high mitogenic activity as EGF , in spite of the fact that EGF is superior in inducing receptor tyrosine phosphorylation and p42 / p44 MAP kinase activity . ^^^ As a consequence , the mitogenic activity of EGF on ErbB 1 overexpressing cells is limited by substantial degradation of internalised ligand in the period before cells enter S phase , a phenomenon that is not observed for low affinity mutant ligands . ^^^ The mitogenic activity of EGF on ErbB 1 overexpressing cells does therefore not only depend on the applied concentration but also on the total amount of ligand added , and is strongly underestimated when tested in a limited assay volume . ^^^ No such dependence on the incubation volume was observed for EGF activity on cells with low ErbB 1 expression levels and on cells for which EGF is growth inhibitory . . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Recent studies demonstrated that stimulation of GPCR can induce shedding of epidermal growth factor ( EGF ) ligands via activation of a disintegrin and metalloprotease ( ADAM ) , with subsequent transactivation of the EGF receptor ( EGFR ) . ^^^ Neutralizing antibody against HB EGF as a key ligand for EGFR also blocked transactivation of EGFR and cell proliferation by IL 8 . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
This number is quite small compared to the number of EGF receptors ( EGFR ) expressed on the cell surface ( 50 , 000 ) . ^^^ Analysis of the cluster size distribution of EGF demonstrated that dimerization of EGFR contributes to this switch like ultrasensitive response . ^^^ Single molecule analysis revealed that EGF bound faster to clusters of EGFR than to monomers . ^^^ This property should be important for effective formation of signaling dimers of EGFR under very small numbers of EGF bindings and suggests that the expression of excess amounts of EGFR on the cell surface is required to prepare predimers of EGFR with a large association rate constant to EGF . . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
To elucidate the mechanisms of action of these analogs , growth factors like IGF 2 ( insulin like growth factor 2 ) , vascular endothelial growth factor ( VEGF ) , basic fibroblast growth factor ( bFGF ) , and epidermal growth factor receptor / human epidermal growth factor receptor ( EGF R / HER ) family were measured in tumors as well as IGF 1 in serum . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
We checked on MPM cells ( 10 human cell lines , 11 primary cultures obtained by human biopsies , and 7 short term normal mesothelial cell cultures ) concerning the following : ( a ) the relative overexpression of EGFR ( Western blotting , flow cytometry , immunohistochemistry ) , ( b ) the relative expression of EGFR ligands ( EGF , amphiregulin , TGF alpha , ELISA ) , ( c ) the relative increase of the activated form of Ras ( Ras bound GTP ) after EGF stimulation ( Ras activation assay ) , ( d ) the efficacy of five different FTIs ( HDJ 2 prenylation , cell cytotoxicity , and apoptosis using ApopTag and gel ladder ) . ^^^ MPM cells constitutively expressed EGFR ligands ; however , Ras activation was attenuated at high EGF concentrations ( 100 ng / mL ) . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Weitz , Regulation of daily locomotor activity and sleep by hypothalamic EGF receptor signaling , Science , 294 ( 2001 ) 2511 5 . ] , and this effect appears to be mediated by the epidermal growth factor receptor ( EGFR or ErbB 1 ) [ A . ^^^ Wheel running activity was also inhibited by another epidermal growth factor like ( EGF like ) peptide , neuregulin ( NRG 1 ) , that binds to different ErbB receptors . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
The Di diabody binds to both EGFR and IGFR and effectively blocked both EGF and IGF stimulated receptor activation and tumor cell proliferation . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Here , we show that several endocytic proteins are efficiently recruited to morphologically identified plasma membrane lipid rafts , upon activation of the epidermal growth factor ( EGF ) receptor ( EGFR ) , a receptor tyrosine kinase . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Western analysis assessed kidney expression of amphiregulin ( AR ) , epidermal growth factor ( EGF ) , heparin binding EGF ( HB EGF ) , and their receptors , EGFR and ErbB 4 . ^^^ AR , EGF , HB EGF , EGFR , and ErbB 4 were abnormally expressed to an equal degree in kidneys of mice with versus without TGF alpha . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
RESULTS : Lovastatin treatment inhibited EGF induced EGFR autophosphorylation by 24 hours that was reversed by the coadministration of mevalonate . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
The multiple molecular cross talks , including the interactions between phosphatidylinositol 3 kinase / Akt and mitogen activated protein kinase signaling pathways and two diverse receptors ( i . e . , ER alpha and EGFR ) , were essential in the event of EGF induced WISP 2 / CCN5 up regulation in MCF 7 cells . ^^^ Moreover , EGF action on WISP 2 / CCN5 is restricted to ER and EGFR positive noninvasive breast tumor cells , and this effect of EGF can not be instigated in ER alpha negative and EGFR positive normal or invasive breast tumor cells by introducing ER alpha . ^^^ Finally , regulation of phosphorylation of ER alpha and EGFR may play critical roles in EGF induced transcriptional activation of WISP 2 gene in breast tumor cells . . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Here we show for the first time that activation of the EGFR by EGF increases CXCR 4 expression and the migratory capacity of NSCLC cells . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
PURPOSE : The present study evaluated the in vivo effect of medroxyprogesterone acetate ( MPA ) on the localization of immunoreactive transforming growth factor alpha ( TGFalpha ) , epidermal growth factor ( EGF ) , and their common receptor ( EGF R ) in the human endometrium . ^^^ Immunohistochemistry was used to localize TGFalpha , EGF , and EGF R in the endometrial tissue . ^^^ EGF R was expressed only in the epithelium . ^^^ The intensity of EGF R immunostaining was higher in secretory than in proliferative endometrium and was further increased by administration of MPA ( p < 0 . 05 , chi square test ) . ^^^ CONCLUSION : The present results suggest that the progestogen induced in vivo differentiation of secretory endometrium does not require dramatic changes in the expression of EGF or TGFalpha , whereas EGF R may be up regulated . . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
The loss of expression of proteins that contribute to the regulation of prostatic homeostasis ( AR and WT EGFR ) correlates strongly with the expression of a constitutively active variant EGF receptor ( EGFRvIII ) in human prostate cancer . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Stimulation of the EGFR by endogenous ligands , EGF or transforming growth factor alpha ( TGF alpha ) , results in a conformational change in the receptor , permitting it to enter into dimers and other oligomers . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
ICP 0 also down regulated both total and cell surface levels of EGFR in EGF independent manner . ^^^ In wild type virus infected cells , the surface levels of EGFR were also decreased in the absence of EGF stimulation . ^^^ Stimulation by EGF enhanced the decrease in surface EGFR . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Following addition of EGF , autophosphorylation of the EGFR was enhanced in cells from S rats , as was the downstream signaling events that included activation of p42 / 44 MAPK and Akt pathways . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
All ligands of the epidermal growth factor ( EGF ) receptor ( EGFR ) are synthesized as membrane anchored precursors . ^^^ We found that ligands having the N terminal extension of EGF could not bind to the EGFR , even when released from the membrane . ^^^ Ligands containing the HB EGF membrane anchor , but lacking an N terminal extension , activated EGFR during their transit through the Golgi apparatus . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
In all , 223 genes were differentially regulated by albumin , including marked upregulation of the EGF receptor ( EGFR ) and IL 8 . ^^^ Treatment with albumin led to EGFR phosphorylation , but the activation of ERK1 / ERK2 was prevented by pretreatment of the cells with AG 1478 , the EGFR kinase inhibitor , at a dose that inhibited EGF induced ERK1 / ERK2 activation . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Dok R has previously been shown to associate with the epidermal growth factor receptor ( EGFR ) and become tyrosine phosphorylated in response to EGF stimulation . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Immunohistochemical analysis revealed elevated expression of COX 2 and the epidermal growth factor ( EGF ) receptor ( EGFR ) in human cholangiocarcinoma tissues . ^^^ On the other hand , activation of EGFR by its cognate ligand ( EGF ) increased COX 2 expression and PGE 2 production , whereas blocking PGE 2 synthesis or the EP 1 receptor inhibited EGF induced EGFR phosphorylation . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
This review article provides an overview on the most recent advances on the role of ErbB receptors and growth factors of the epidermal growth factor ( EGF ) family of peptides in cancer pathogenesis and progression . ^^^ The ErbB tyrosine kinases and the EGF like peptides form a complex system . ^^^ The importance of ErbB receptors and EGF like peptides in development of organs and tissues has been demonstrated by using different mouse models . ^^^ Indeed , co expression of different ErbB receptors and EGF like growth factors is a common phenomenon in human primary carcinomas . ^^^ In this respect , the contemporary expression of different ErbB tyrosine kinases and / or EGF like growth factors in human carcinomas might also affect tumor response to target based agents directed against the ErbB receptor / ligand system . . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
However , other antibodies against EGFR have demonstrated antitumor activity in several preclinical models of human cancer and are currently under investigation in the clinical setting , such as ICR 62 , ABX EGF and EMD 72000 . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
The expression of EGF receptors ( ErbB 1 and ErbB 2 , but not ErbB 3 or ErbB 4 ) was down regulated significantly in the same forebrain regions . ^^^ EGF and ErbB 1 levels in the striatum of the PD model were markedly reduced on the lesioned side , compared with the control hemisphere . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
We previously reported , in goat , that the EGF receptor ( EGF R ) was present both on cumulus cells and oocytes . ^^^ Cumulus cells and oocytes were subjected to Western immunoblotting analysis using anti MAP kinase , anti phosphotyrosine , anti phospho MAP kinase , and anti phospho EGF R antibodies . ^^^ We demonstrated that treatment with EGF during the in vitro maturation process induced rapid tyrosine phosphorylation of EGF R in a time and concentration dependent manner in cumulus cells . ^^^ AG 1478 , an inhibitor of the EGF kinase , suppressed EGF stimulated phosphorylation of EGF R and also affected the MAP kinase activation . ^^^ We did not observe oocyte EGF R phosphorylation in our experiments during the in vitro maturation process . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
ERalpha and progesterone receptor ( PR ) expressions were lost on the protein level in all three anti estrogen resistant cell lines , whereas binding of epidermal growth factor ( EGF ) and protein expression of epidermal growth factor receptor ( EGFR ) were increased . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Immunohistochemical analysis of 13 surgical specimens of human colon adenocarcinoma revealed that both tumor cells and tumor associated endothelial cells in 11 of the 13 specimens expressed the epidermal growth factor ( EGF ) , transforming growth factor alpha ( TGF alpha ) , EGF receptor ( EGFR ) , phosphorylated EGFR ( pEGFR ) , vascular endothelial growth factor ( VEGF ) , VEGF receptor ( VEGFR ) , and phosphorylated VEGFR ( pVEGFR ) . ^^^ HT 29 human colon cancer cells growing orthotopically in the cecum of nude mice expressed a high level of EGF , EGFR , pEGFR , VEGF , VEGFR , and pVEGFR . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
The EGF or transforming growth factor ( TGF ) alpha induced stimulation of cell growth and activation of EGFR was also inhibited by ERRP . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
The epidermal growth factor ( EGF ) , a natural ligand , is a possible candidate for the targeting of EGFR . ^^^ Biodistribution of ( 99m ) Tc EDDA HYNIC EGF in normal mice demonstrated fast blood clearance of conjugate , and its ability to bind EGFR in vivo . ( 99m ) Tc EDDA HYNIC EGF is a promising candidate for visualization of EGFR expression in vivo . . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
The expression of p 53 , p 16 , p 15 , cyclin dependent kinase 4 ( CDK 4 ) , and EGF receptor ( EGFR ) proteins was examined by Western blotting . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Ethanol inhibited EGF induced EGFR autophosphorylation , phosphorylation of ERK as well as Akt and its substrate GSK 3beta , and subsequently blocked EGF stimulated AP 1 activation in B82L cells . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Total and activated forms of EGFR and the downstream effectors , Erk and Akt were readily detected in HNSCC cells , where in the control cells ( HaCaT ) these proteins could only be detected in EGF stimulated cells . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
In fact , the inhibition of PI3K blocked the EGF induced invasiveness in PTEN positive cells but not in PTEN negative cells , in which PI3K activity was not influenced by EGFR / Her2 activation , whereas the inhibition of MAPK was able to block the invasive phenomena in both cell types . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
A current hypothesis , that superficial layers of NU do not express EGFR and thus protect the basal cells from the mitogenic effect of urinary EGF , is challenged . . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
The mechanism responsible for the concave up nature of the Scatchard plot of epidermal growth factor ( EGF ) binding on EGF receptor ( EGFR ) has been a controversial issue for more than a decade . ^^^ Past efforts to mechanistically simulate the concave up nature of the Scatchard plot of EGF binding have shown that negative cooperativity in EGF binding on an EGFR dimer or inclusion of some external site or binding event can describe this behavior . ^^^ However , herein we show that heterogeneity in the density of EGFR due to localization in certain regions of the plasma membrane , which has been experimentally reported , can also lead to concave up shape of the Scatchard plot of the EGF binding on EGFR . . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Endogenous RPTPkappa associated with EGF receptor and HER 2 , resulting in suppression of basal and ErbB ligand induced proliferation and receptor phosphorylation . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
A G protein coupled receptor agonist , angiotensin 2 ( AngII ) , induces epidermal growth factor ( EGF ) receptor ( EGFR ) transactivation possibly through metalloprotease dependent , heparin binding EGF ( HB EGF ) shedding . ^^^ In these cells AngII induced EGFR transactivation was completely inhibited by pretreatment with a selective HB EGF inhibitor , or with a metalloprotease inhibitor . ^^^ Moreover , infection of an adenovirus encoding an inhibitor of G ( q ) markedly reduced EGFR transactivation and HB EGF shedding through AT 1 . ^^^ From these data we conclude that AngII stimulates a metalloprotease ADAM 17 dependent HB EGF shedding through AT1 / G ( q ) / phospholipase C mediated elevation of intracellular Ca2+ and reactive oxygen species production , representing a key mechanism indispensable for EGFR transactivation . . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Phosphorylation levels increased after stimulation with EGF or pervanadate , dependent on the level of basal EGFR phosphorylation in the respective cell lines . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Aberrant expression of the receptor for EGF , ( EGFR ) or members of the EGFR family is often implicated in the etiology of many cancers . ^^^ EGF induced a mild effect on DNA synthesis and ERK activation in EGFR positive FDC P 1 cells but not EGFR negative FL5 . 12 cells . ^^^ Addition of suboptimal concentrations of IL 3 synergized with EGF in stimulating DNA synthesis in EGFR positive FDC P 1 cells . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Here , we provide evidence that this sensitization process is coordinated by a macromolecular signaling complex comprised of inositol 1 , 4 , 5 trisphosphate receptor type 1 ( IP ( 3 ) R 1 ) , cAMP dependent protein kinase ( PKA ) , EGF receptor ( EGFR ) , and an A kinase anchoring protein , yotiao . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
A signalling system comprising epidermal growth factor ( EGF ) and its receptor ( EGFR ) is known to be expressed in osteogenic cells and to play an important role in skin development and growth . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
EGF stimulated induction of COX 2 protein and synthesis of PGE ( 2 ) were abolished by the EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitor AG 1478 . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Many G protein coupled receptors ( GPCRs ) cause phosphorylation of MAP kinases through transactivation of the epidermal growth factor receptor ( EGF R ) , leading to increased cell survival and growth , motility , and migration . ^^^ Phosphoinositide 3 kinase ( PI3K ) is one of the important cell survival signaling molecules activated by EGF R stimulation . ^^^ However , the extent to which EGF R transactivation is essential for GPCR agonist stimulated PI3K activation is not known . ^^^ Here we examined the mechanism of PI3K activation that elicits GPCR mediated ERK1 / 2 activation by pathways dependent and / or independent of EGF R transactivation in specific cell types . ^^^ Immortalized hypothalamic neurons ( GT 1 7 cells ) express endogenous gonadotropin releasing hormone receptors ( GnRH R ) and their stimulation causes marked phosphorylation of ERK1 / 2 and Akt ( Ser 473 ) through transactivation of the EGF R and recruitment of PI3K . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Our results further indicate that CXCR 4 activation induces EGF receptor ( EGFR ) phosphorylation that in turn was linked to the downstream intracellular kinases activation , ERK1 / 2 and Akt . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Both HCMV and EGF activated the EGF receptor ( EGFR ) , inducing receptor tyrosine phosphorylation at specific residues . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
To monitor the EGF receptor ( EGFR ) activity in living cells , we developed a probe for EGFR activity based on the principle of fluorescence resonance energy transfer ( FRET ) . ^^^ Using this modified probe named Picchu Z , the activity of EGFR was followed in EGF stimulated Cos 7 cells . ^^^ Furthermore , by pulse stimulation with EGF and by acute ablation of EGFR activity with AG 1478 , it was suggested that the phosphorylation of Picchu Z probe , and probably the phosphorylation of EGFR also , underwent a rapid equilibrium ( tau ( 1 / 2 ) < 2 min ) between the phosphorylated and dephosphorylated states in the presence of EGF . . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
In rat hepatic C 9 cells , angiotensin 2 ( Ang 2 ) induced activation of angiotensin type 1 ( AT ( 1 ) ) receptors ( AT ( 1 ) Rs ) stimulates extracellular signal regulated kinase ( ERK ) 1 / 2 phosphorylation via transactivation of the endogenous epidermal growth factor ( EGF ) receptor ( EGF R ) by a protein kinase C ( PKC ) delta / Src / Pyk2 dependent pathway . ^^^ This leads to phosphorylation of the EGF R as well as its subsequent internalization . ^^^ On the other hand , EGF induced activation of the EGF R in C 9 cells was found to cause phosphorylation of the AT ( 1 ) R . ^^^ This was prevented by selective inhibition of the intrinsic tyrosine kinase activity of the EGF R by AG 1478 [ 4 ( 3 ' chloroanilino ) 6 , 7 dimethoxy quinazoline ] and was reduced by inhibition of PKC and phosphoinositide 3 kinase . ^^^ Agonist activation of endogenous AT ( 1 ) Rs and EGF Rs induced the formation of a multireceptor complex containing both the AT ( 1 ) R and the transactivated EGF R . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
In many cell types , GPCR mediated MAPK activation is mediated through transactivation of RTKs , in particular the epidermal growth factor ( EGF ) receptor ( EGF R ) . ^^^ In cultured bovine adrenal glomerulosa cells , LPA , which is predominantly coupled to Gi and partially to Gq / protein kinase C alpha and epsilon , caused phosphorylation of Src ( at Tyr 416 ) , proline rich tyrosine kinase ( Pyk 2 at Tyr 402 ) , EGF R , protein kinase B / Akt , extracellularly regulated signal kinases 1 / 2 , and their dependent protein , p 90 ribosomal S 6 kinase . ^^^ Overexpression of dominant negative mutants of Ras or EGF R , and selective inhibition of EGF R kinase with AG 1478 , significantly reduced LPA induced ERK1 / 2 phosphorylation . ^^^ LPA induced ERK1 / 2 activation occurs predominantly through EGF R transactivation by Gi / Src and partly through activation of protein kinase C , which acts downstream of EGF R and Ras . ^^^ In contrast , LPA induced phosphorylation of Shc and ERK1 / 2 in clonal hepatocytes ( C 9 cells ) was primarily mediated through MMP dependent transactivation of the EGF R . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
A disease related , corticosteroid insensitive increase in the expression of epidermal growth factor ( EGF ) receptor ( EGFR ) tyrosine kinase in asthmatic bronchial epithelium has been shown previously by the current authors . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
METHOD : The expression of EGF and its receptor EGFR were examined by immunohistochemistry using LSAB method in sections of NIP from 24 patients and squamous carcinoma from 4 patients . ^^^ The EGF , EGFR expression in epithelium was significantly stronger in severe atypical hyperplasia of NIP than that in mild atypical hyperplasia of NIP ( P < 0 . 01 ) . ^^^ CONCLUSION : The results suggest that EGF , EGFR participate in the growth of NIPs , part of which shows the characteristics of containing plenty of blood vessels and being bloody in operation . ^^^ The enhanted EGF , EGFR in the epithelium may be identified as one of the parameters of judging the propensity of NIPs malignant transformation . . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Similar to our previous results , EGF+ polyplexes significantly enhanced the transfection efficiency as compared to polyplexes without EGF ( EGF polyplexes ) in HUH 7 hepatoma cells and Renca EGFR renal carcinoma cells . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
The present study looks at the presence of mRNA transcripts and immunohistochemical localization for transforming growth factor alpha ( TGF alpha ) , which is the potent EGF family member , and for EGF receptor ( EGF R ) in the canine uterus during the estrous cycle . ^^^ Immunohistochemical analysis found clear positive staining for TGF alpha and EGF R in the luminal and glandular epithelia at proestrus and estrus . ^^^ In the mid stage of diestrus , clear staining for TGF alpha was again found in the glands of the luminal region , and staining for EGF R was observed in all glands . ^^^ Very little staining was seen at anestrus for either TGF alpha or EGF R . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Western blot analysis demonstrated that EGF induced dramatic increase in the phosphorylation of EGF receptor ( EGFR ) and extracellular signal regulated kinases ( ERK ) in young cells , while this phosphorylation was much less profound in senescent cells . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Since epidermal growth factor ( EGF ) increases the growth of ovarian surface epithelial cells , we determined the effect of gonadotropins on the expression of epidermal growth factor receptor ( EGFR ) . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Treatment of HDS cells with EGF produced a significant increase in the levels of activated EGFR which was not observed in the presence of gefitinib . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Here , we exploited the increase in EGF receptor ( EGFR ) levels , that occurs in late development stem cells or in younger precursors upon exposure to FGF 2 , to isolate cells expressing high levels of EGFR ( EGFR ( high ) ) from the developing and the adult brain . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
The effect of HB EGF was also blocked by the EGF receptor ( EGFR / ErbB1 ) inhibitors PD 153035 and PD 158780 , implicating EGFR in HB EGF induced cell proliferation . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Pretreatment of NSCLC cells with neutralizing antibodies to the EGFR ligands , TGF A or HB EGF , also decreased GRP mediated MAPK activation . ^^^ EGF and GRP both stimulated NSCLC proliferation , and inhibition of either EGFR or GRPR resulted in cell death . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Treatment of astrocytes with other EGF receptor ( ErbB 1 ) ligands , such as TGF alpha and HB EGF , produced increases in CSPG production similar to those observed with EGF . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
EGF receptor density ( Receptor binding assay ) was reduced by 50 % within six hours and was reflected on abolishment of EGFR ligand induced proliferation . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
However , tumors typically depend on only one of these pathways and may overexpress either estrogen receptor ( ER ) or EGF receptor ( EGFR ) and related family members . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Zn2+ exposure induces phosphorylation of the tyrosine kinases , including Src and EGF receptor ( EGFR ) , and the p 38 mitogen activated protein kinase . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
EGF receptor ligand interaction generates extracellular hydrogen peroxide that inhibits EGFR associated protein tyrosine phosphatases . ^^^ Here , we show that H ( 2 ) O ( 2 ) produced by EGF EGFR interaction can modulate the activity of intracellular protein tyrosine phosphatases ( PTPs ) . ^^^ Furthermore , the addition of catalase rescued phosphatase inhibition consequent to EGF EGFR interaction . ^^^ Using cells that overexpress EGFR , we found that the addition of extracellular catalase prevented EGF induced inhibition of EGFR associated phosphatase activity . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
ZRBA 1 exhibited five fold stronger EGFR tyrosine kinase ( TK ) inhibitory activity ( IC ( 50 ) =37nM ) than SMA 41 , decomposed into a 6 amino quinazoline FD 105 ( IC ( 50 ) =200nM ) and preferentially blocked EGF over platelet derived growth factor ( PDGF ) or serum induced cell growth . ^^^ ZRBA 1 induced DNA damage , concomitantly blocked EGF stimulated EGFR phosphorylation by a partially irreversible mechanism in MDA MB 468 breast cancer cells , and induced partially irreversible antiproliferative activity . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Furthermore , EGF receptor competitive test in human epithelial cancer A 431 cell line showed that EGF IL 18 fusion protein can specifically bind with EGFR by competing with native EGF protein . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
We hypothesized that cytokine induced arginase 1 and 2 expression depend on epidermal growth factor ( EGF ) receptor ( EGFR ) activity . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Ionizing radiation , but not stimulation with epidermal growth factor ( EGF ) , triggers EGF receptor ( EGFR ) import into the nucleus in a probably karyopherin alpha linked manner . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Instead , PC 3 responded to INSL 3 with significantly enhanced tumor cell motility and a transcriptional down regulation of ErbB receptors and EGF . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Binding of a ligand such as epidermal growth factor ( EGF ) or transforming growth factor alpha ( TGF alpha ) causes EGFR to undergo a conformational change leading to autophosphorylation of EGFR and activation of the EGFR growth factor pathway . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Cox multivariate analysis performed for the whole analysed group showed that proliferation rate , expression of EGF receptor ( EGFR LI ) ; pTNM and form of SqCLC were significant in respect of patients ' survival . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Although all ESCC cells expressed EGF receptor at a protein level , the effect of ZD 1839 on cell growth did not correlate with the level of EGFR expression and phosphorylation of EGF receptor protein in ESCC lines . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
CONCLUSION : The data suggest that constitutively upregulated autocrine / paracrine secretion of EGF receptor ligands , especially ARG from K Ras mutated cells , mediates radioresistance in Rasmt cells through stimulation of EGFR PI3K AKT pathway . . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Effects of in vivo treatment with antagonists of growth hormone releasing hormone ( GHRH ) , JV 1 65 and MZ J 7 110 , and bombesin / gastrin releasing peptide antagonist RC 3940 2 , on the EGF receptor ( EGFR ) family , were investigated in H 69 SCLC . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
In this paper it is shown that PCI interferes with EGFR activation through inhibition of receptor dimerization and receptor transphosphorylation induced by epidermal growth factor ( EGF ) and by transforming growth factor alpha ( TGF alpha ) . ^^^ As a result of these effects , PCI interferes in the EGFR signal transduction pathway by reversing the effects of EGF on the growth of two tumoral cell lines , A 431 and MDA MB 453 , and promotes EGFR down regulation . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Mutant forms of BCR ABL , KIT , and the EGF receptor ( EGFR ) have been found that confer resistance to the drugs imatinib , gefitinib , and erlotinib . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Binding to EGFR by its natural ligands , mainly epidermal growth factor ( EGF ) or transforming growth factor ( TGF ) alpha , results in a conformational change in the receptor , which promotes homo or heterodimerisation or oligomerisation with other EGFR molecules or other HER family members . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Here we show that EGF and EGF receptor ( EGFR ) are trafficked through a subpopulation of multivesicular endosomes / bodies ( MVBs ) that are distinct from morphologically identical vacuoles that label for the late endosomal marker lyso bisphosphatidic acid ( LBPA ) . ^^^ EGF stimulation increases both MVB biogenesis and inward vesiculation within EGFR containing MVBs . ^^^ Deletion of annexin 1 , a substrate of EGFR tyrosine kinase , abolishes the effect of EGF stimulation on inward vesiculation . ^^^ Loss or depletion of annexin 1 has no effect on EGF degradation and causes only a small delay in EGFR degradation , indicating that annexin 1 operates downstream of Hrs and ESCRT mediated sorting and is required solely for EGF stimulated inward vesiculation . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
PURPOSE : Glioblastoma multiforme is an aggressive disease in which vascular endothelial growth factor ( VEGF ) and the EGF receptor ( EGFR ) are implicated in tumor growth , relapse , and resistance to radiotherapy and chemotherapy . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Regulation of EGF induced ERK / MAPK activation and EGFR internalization by G protein coupled receptor kinase 2 . ^^^ We investigate the role of GRK 2 on epidermal growth factor ( EGF ) receptor signaling , including EGF induced extracellular signal regulated kinase and mitogen activated protein kinase ( ERK / MAPK ) activation and EGFR internalization . ^^^ Immunoprecipitation and immunofluorescence experiments show that EGF stimulates GRK 2 binding to EGFR complex and GRK 2 translocating from cytoplasm to the plasma membrane in human embryonic kidney 293 cells . ^^^ Flow cytometry experiments show that GRK 2 overexpression has no effect on EGF induced EGFR internalization , however , it increases agonist induced G protein coupled delta opioid receptor internalization by approximately 40 % ( P < 0 . 01 ) . ^^^ Overall , these data suggest that GRK 2 has a regulatory role in EGF induced ERK / MAPK activation , and that the mechanisms underlying the modulatory role of GRK 2 in EGFR and GPCR signaling pathways are somewhat different at least in receptor internalization . . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Therefore , the delivery of EGF to EGFR is thought to be regulated by both tight junctions between the cells , as well as by the basement membrane to which the cells are attached . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Gefitinib is a small molecule inhibitor that competes for the ATP binding site on EGF receptor ( EGFR ) and has been approved for patients with advanced lung cancers . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
As the epidermal growth factor ( EGF ) receptor is activated by both EGF and other factors implicated in diabetic nephropathy , the relationship of SGK 1 with EGFR activity was assessed . ^^^ No EGF protein was detectable in PTCs , suggestive of phosphorylation of the EGFR by high glucose and downstream induction of SGK 1 . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
EGF stimulated the phosphorylation of EGF receptor ( EGFR ) . ^^^ Inhibition of EGFR tyrosine kinase with AG 1478 or herbimycin A , inhibition of PLC with neomycin or U 73122 , inhibition of PKC with bisindolylmaleimide 1 or staurosporine , and inhibition of L type Ca2+ channels with nifedipine or methoxyverapamil prevented EGF induced [ 3H ] thymidine incorporation . ^^^ Moreover , inhibition of EGFR tyrosine kinase , PLC , and PKC completely prevented EGF induced increases in [ Ca2+ ] 1 . ^^^ EGF also increased inositol phosphate levels , which were blocked by EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitors . ^^^ In addition , we observed that p44 / 42 MAPK phosphorylation by EGF and inhibition of EGFR tyrosine kinase , PLC , PKC , or Ca2+ channels blocked EGF induced phosphorylation of p44 / 42 MAPKs . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Our objective was to screen for activation status of signal proteins in C 2 ( BBe ) 1 cells ( enterocyte like cell line ) in response to side specific EGF or GH treatment and to investigate the dependence of EGF receptor ( EGFR ) phosphorylation status on its tyrosine kinase . ^^^ For EGFR phosphorylation , basolateral , but not apical , EGF was a strong activator . ^^^ For EGFR , synergism by EGF + GH was noticed only with Ap EGF plus Bl GH and was EGFR tyrosine kinase dependent . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
These findings indicate that the simultaneous blockade of SHH GLI 1 and EGF EGFR signaling , which results in the growth arrest and massive rate of apoptotic cell death , represents a promising strategy for a more effective treatment of metastatic PC forms . . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Moreover , direct activation of EGFR signaling by the bacterium NTHi derived EGF like factor appears to be responsible for triggering the downstream Src MKK3 / 6 p 38 MAPK signaling , which in turn leads to the negative regulation of TLR 2 induction . ^^^ Finally , exogenous EGF increases NTHi invasion of host epithelial cells , thereby demonstrating the biological significance of TLR 2 regulation by EGFR signaling . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Here , we describe the role of a deubiquitinating enzyme UBPY / USP8 in the down regulation of epidermal growth factor ( EGF ) receptor ( EGFR ) . ^^^ Overexpression of UBPY reduced the ubiquitination level of EGFR and delayed its degradation in EGF stimulated cells . ^^^ In EGF stimulated cells , UBPY underwent ubiquitination and bound to EGFR . ^^^ A catalytically inactive UBPY mutant clearly localized on endosomes , where it overlapped with EGFR when cells were stimulated with EGF . ^^^ Finally , depletion of endogenous UBPY by RNA interference resulted in elevated ubiquitination and accelerated degradation of EGF activated EGFR . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
We previously found that EGF ( epidermal growth factor ) increases the EGFR ( EGF receptor ) kinase binding affinity towards the major tyrosine phosphorylation sites in downstream adaptor proteins such as Gab 1 ( Grb 2 associated binding protein 1 ) and Shc [ Src homology 2 ( SH 2 ) domain and collagen containing protein ] , but not that towards EGFR autophosphorylation sites [ Fan , Wong , Deb and Johnson ( 2004 ) J . ^^^ In the present study , we investigated the specificity of EGFR kinase by comparing the steady state kinetic parameters for peptides derived from all four ErbBs in the absence or presence of EGF . ^^^ Our results demonstrated that ( 1 ) EGFR kinase can efficiently phosphorylate a broad range of diverse peptide sequences representing ErbB sites ; ( 2 ) certain ErbB 2 , ErbB 3 and ErbB 4 sites had higher specificity constants than any EGFR sequence and ( 3 ) EGF stimulation consistently increases the k ( cat ) approx . 5 fold , but does not significantly alter the K ( m ) for any ErbB peptides . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
However , EGF receptor ( EGFR ) autophosphorylation was not increased by E ( 2 ) , and blockade of EGFR tyrosine kinase activity did not abrogate the rapid actions of E ( 2 ) . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Using two site enzyme immunoassays , we measured protein levels of epidermal growth factor ( EGF ) , transforming growth factor alpha ( TGF alpha ) , and heparin binding epidermal growth factor ( HB EGF ) in adult rat brain , and compared them with the phosphorylation levels of their receptor ( ErbB 1 ) . ^^^ Among these ErbB 1 ligands , HB EGF protein levels were higher than those of TGF alpha and those of EGF were the lowest . ^^^ These observations suggest that the activation of brain ErbB 1 involves post translational regulation of multiple EGF family members in a region specific manner . . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
We have recently shown that peptides corresponding to the transmembrane domains of the epidermal growth factor ( EGF ) and ErbB 2 receptors inhibit their corresponding receptor activation in cancer cell lines . ^^^ Peptides corresponding to the transmembrane domains of the EGF receptor and ErbB 2 are able to inhibit specifically the autophosphorylation of insulin receptors with the corresponding domain . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Biochemical experiments show that PKD 2 physically interacts with PLC gamma 2 and EGF receptor ( EGFR ) in transfected HEK293T cells and colocalizes with EGFR and PIP ( 2 ) in the primary cilium of LLC PK ( 1 ) cells . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
The goal of this project was to specifically test the hypothesis that sulindac metabolites block activation and / or expression of the epidermal growth factor ( EGF ) receptor ( EGFR ) . ^^^ RESULTS : EGF treatment rapidly induced phosphorylation of both EGFR and ERK1 / 2 in HT 29 colon cancer cells . ^^^ Pretreatment with sulindac metabolites for 24 h blocked EGF induced phosphorylation of both EGFR and ERK1 / 2 and decreased total EGFR protein expression . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Pretreatment of KYSE 150 cells with EGCG ( 20 micromol / L ) for 0 . 5 to 24 hours in HAM ' s F 12 and RPMI 1640 mixed medium at 37 degrees C , before the addition of EGF , resulted in a decreased level of phosphorylated EGFR ( by 32 85 % ) . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Heparin binding EGF like growth factor ( HB EGF ) is a member of the EGF family of growth factors that binds to and activates the EGF receptor ( EGFR ) and ERBB 4 . ^^^ Here , we show that HB EGF EGFR signaling is involved in eyelid development . ^^^ Crosses between HB ( del / del ) mice and waved 2 mice , a hypomorphic EGFR mutant strain , indicate that HB EGF and EGFR interact genetically in eyelid closure . ^^^ Together with our data showing that embryos treated with an EGFR specific kinase inhibitor phenocopy HB ( del / del ) embryos , these data indicate that EGFR mediates HB EGF dependent eyelid closure . ^^^ These results indicate that soluble HB EGF secreted from the tip of the leading edge activates the EGFR and ERK pathway , and that synergy with TGFalpha is required for leading edge extension in epithelial sheet migration during eyelid closure . . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
A literature search was undertaken using PubMed and MEDLINE search engines , using the keywords p 53 , p 21 , p 16 , p 27 , SMAD 4 , K ras , cyclin D 1 , Bax , Bcl 2 , EGFR , EGF , c erbB 2 , HB EGF , TGFbeta , FGF , MMP , uPA , cathepsin , heparanase , E cadherin , laminins , integrins , TMSF , CD 44 , cytokines , angiogenesis , VEGF , IL 8 , beta catenin , DNA microarray , and gene profiling . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
In addition , thrombin stimulated the tyrosine phosphorylation of EGF receptor ( EGFR ) , and inhibition of its kinase activity significantly blocked Akt and S6K1 phosphorylation , Fra 1 and FGF 2 expression , DNA synthesis , and motility induced by thrombin in VSMC . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
The epidermal growth factor ( EGF ) receptor ( EGFR ) is the prototypal growth factor receptor and elicits these responses from a wide variety of stromal , epithelial , and endothelial cells . ^^^ Therefore , we determined whether an EGFR ligand , EGF , could be used for ex vivo expansion of BMMSCs . ^^^ During our examination of key signaling intermediaries , EGF caused robust phosphorylation of extracellular signal regulated protein kinase ( ERK ) and protein kinase B / akt ( AKT ) but only minimal phosphorylation of EGFR and phospholipase C gamma in rat BMMSCs , whereas in the human BMMSCs these intermediaries were all strongly activated . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Concomitantly , targeting the VEGF ( R ) and the EGF ( R ) signaling pathway may circumvent the problem of acquired resistance to EGFR inhibitors . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Plasmin can also activate metalloproteinases on the cell surface , which can release the tethered ligand heparin binding epidermal growth factor ( HB EGF ) , which can in turn activate the epidermal growth factor receptor ( EGFR ) . ^^^ Assays of DNA synthesis and cell proliferation , EGFR phosphorylation , and ERK1 / 2 activation were examined in response to plasmin in the presence and absence of the plasmin inhibitors ( epsilon aminocaproic acid and aprotinin ) , matrix metalloproteinase ( MMP ) inhibitor GM 6001 , HB EGF inhibitor CRM 197 , HB EGF inhibitory antibodies , EGF inhibitory antibodies , and the EGFR inhibitor AG 1478 . ^^^ RESULTS : Plasmin induced smooth muscle cell DNA synthesis , which was blocked by EGFR and HB EGF inhibition . ^^^ EGFR phosphorylation by plasmin was blocked by inhibition of MMP activity and the ligand HB EGF . ^^^ EGFR phosphorylation by EGF was not interrupted by inhibition of plasmin , MMPs , or HB EGF . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Some CPECs of the P8W rat were immunohistochemically stained with lineage associated markers of Musashi 1 and epidermal growth factor receptor ( EGF R ) . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
BACKGROUND : ErbB 2 ( HER 2 ) , a member of the epidermal growth factor ( EGF ) receptor family , is a class 1 transmembrane receptor tyrosine kinase . ^^^ We used EGF and trastuzumab covered paramagnetic microspheres , quantitative confocal laser scanning microscopy , and digital image processing to investigate the ( trans ) activation of and local signal propagation from erbB 1 and erbB 2 on trastuzumab sensitive and resistant carcinoma cell lines expressing these receptors at high levels . ^^^ RESULTS : On A 431 cells expressing high levels of endogenous erbB 1 and transfected erbB 2 mYFP ( A 4 erbB2 mYFP F 4 cell line ) , EGF coupled microspheres activated erbB 1 and transactivated erbB 2 mYFP . ^^^ In two other cell lines with comparable erbB 2 expression but lower levels of erbB 1 , EGF microspheres transactivated erbB 2 less efficiently . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Epidermal growth factor ( EGF ) receptor ( ErbB 1 ) signals regulate dopaminergic development and function and are implicated in schizophrenia . ^^^ Subcutaneous EGF administration increased phosphorylation of brain ErbB 1 in all strains , although DBA / 2 and C57BL / 6 mice had lower basal phosphorylation . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
After cellular stimulation with EGF and analysis at the level of AP 1 activation using a beta lactamase reporter gene , a 10 12 fold shift or 2 . 5 3 fold shift toward greater potency in the IC 50 was observed for EGFR and MEK 1 inhibitors , respectively , in the presence of RNAi targeting EGFR . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Microarray analysis of colon derived epithelial cells revealed a hypoxia dependent increase in the expression of amphiregulin , an EGF receptor ( EGFR ) ligand that activates epithelial proliferation and has been associated with the development of colonic tumors . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
By constructing stably transfected cells harboring the same amount of epidermal growth factor ( EGF ) receptor ( EGFR ) , but with increasing overexpression of ErbB 2 , we have demonstrated that ErbB 2 efficiently inhibits internalization of ligand bound EGFR . ^^^ Apparently , ErbB 2 inhibits internalization of EGF bound EGFR by constitutively driving EGFR ErbB 2 hetero / oligomerization . ^^^ Instead , we demonstrate that in contrast to EGFR homodimers , which are capable of inducing new clathrin coated pits in serum starved cells upon incubation with EGF , clathrin coated pits are not induced upon activation of EGFR ErbB 2 heterodimers / oligomers . . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Recently , we identified IGFBP 3 as a novel EGF receptor ( EGFR ) downstream target molecule in primary and immortalized human esophageal epithelial cells , suggesting an interplay between the EGF and IGF signaling pathways . ^^^ In contrast , EGF suppressed IGFBP 3 mRNA and protein expression through activation of MAPK in an EGFR tyrosine kinase dependent manner to restore the cellular response to IGF 1 . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Using these mutants we can show that EGF attenuates but does not completely inhibit the BKR / cAMP pathway which is counteracting the EGFR signalling to ERK . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
The aims of this study were : 1 ) to analyze the effect of intrauterine administration of 500 ng EGF on placental prostaglandins and nitric oxide , and 2 ) to characterize the expression of EGF receptors ( EGF R ) in pregnant rat placentae . ^^^ Placentae were found to express EGF R and its activated form , and the expressions of both forms were higher at mid and term pregnancy . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
We consider a model of early events in signaling by the epidermal growth factor ( EGF ) receptor ( EGFR ) . ^^^ The model includes EGF , EGFR , the adapter proteins Grb 2 and Shc , and the guanine nucleotide exchange factor Sos , which is activated through EGF induced formation of EGFR Grb 2 Sos and EGFR Shc Grb 2 Sos assemblies at the plasma membrane . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
This activation involves Src , intracellular Ca ( 2+ ) concentration ( [ Ca ( 2+ ) ] ( 1 ) ) elevation , reactive oxygen species ( ROS ) generation , and EGF receptor ( EGFR ) transactivation . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Several gene sequences of parasitic protozoa belonging to protein kinase gene families and epidermal growth factor ( EGF ) like peptides , which act via binding to receptor tyrosine kinases of the EGF receptor ( EGFR ) family , appear to mediate host protozoan interactions . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Inhibition of the EGFR kinase prevented EGF induced steroidogenesis in these in vitro systems and blocked LH induced steroidogenesis in intact follicles primed with pregnant mare serum gonadotropin . ^^^ Interestingly , inhibition of metalloproteinase mediated cleavage of membrane bound EGF moieties abrogated LH induced steroidogenesis in ovarian follicles but not MA 10 cells , suggesting that LH receptor signaling activates the EGFR by different mechanisms in these two models . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
We show here that CKLFSF 8 is associated with the epidermal growth factor receptor ( EGFR ) and that ectopic expression of CKLFSF 8 in several cell lines suppresses EGF induced cell proliferation , whereas knockdown of CKLFSF 8 by siRNA promotes cell proliferation . ^^^ In cells overexpressing CKLFSF 8 , the initial activation of EGFR was not affected , but subsequent desensitization of EGF induced signaling occurred rapidly . ^^^ These results identify CKLFSF 8 as a novel regulator of EGF induced signaling and indicate that the association of EGFR with four transmembrane proteins is critical for EGFR desensitization . . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Both the anti uPAR antibody R 3 , which inhibits binding of uPA , and the EGFR phosphorylation inhibitor Iressa inhibited cell migration in response to uPA as well as to EGF , suggesting that EGFR and uPAR are engaged in the same multiprotein assembly on the cell surface . . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Urokinase type plasminogen activator ( uPA ) binding to uPAR induces migration , adhesion , and proliferation through multiple interactions with G proteins coupled receptor FPRL 1 , integrins , or the epidermal growth factor ( EGF ) receptor ( EGFR ) . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Numerous studies implicate proteasomes in the regulation of EGF receptor ( EGFR ) endocytosis on the basis of the ability of inhibitors to decrease EGFR degradation , but the exact mechanisms remain obscure . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
We report here that the activated GTP bound form of RhoB is increased rapidly within 5 min of exposure to UVB , and then RhoB protein levels increased concomitantly with EGF receptor ( EGFR ) activation . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Ligand ( epidermal growth factor or EGF ) binding to the EGFR results in the coordinated activation and integration of biochemical signaling events to mediate cell growth , migration , and differentiation . ^^^ Through the transient expression of activating and inactivating mutants of rab 7 in HeLa cells , we have determined that rab 7 activity directly correlates with the rate of radiolabeled EGF and EGFR degradation . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Here , we show that , through EGF receptor ( EGFR ) and erb B 2 , EGF induces tyrosine phosphorylation of ER preassociated with AR , thereby triggering the assembly of ER / AR with Src and EGFR . ^^^ Remarkably , experiments in Cos cells show that this complex stimulates EGF triggered EGFR tyrosine phosphorylation . ^^^ In turn , estradiol and androgen antagonists , through the Src associated receptors , prevent Src activation by EGF and heavily reduce EGFR tyrosine phosphorylation and the subsequent multiple effects , including DNA synthesis and cytoskeletal changes in MCF 7 cells . ^^^ In addition , knockdown of ERalpha or AR gene by small interfering RNA ( siRNA ) almost abolishes EGFR tyrosine phosphorylation and DNA synthesis in EGF treated MCF 7 cells . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
CONCLUSION : These results clearly indicate that LPA acts upstream of EGFR and compensates the EGF signal and antagonism of the EGF signal can not completely block tumor progression in colon cancer cells . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
In synthetic phenotype vascular smooth muscle cells ( VSMC ) , activation of epidermal growth factor ( EGF ) receptor ( EGFR ) induces a sustained increase in intermediate conductance K ( Ca ) ( int K ( Ca ) ; K ( Ca ) 3 . 1 ) channels that is essential for proliferation . ^^^ The EGFR ligands EGF ( 100 ng ml ( 1 ) ) , transforming growth factor alpha ( 0 . 4 ng ml ( 1 ) ) and heparin binding EGF ( 100 ng ml ( 1 ) ) all caused a 20 % increase in maxi K ( Ca ) channel current that was blocked by AG 1478 or by knock down of EGFR expression using cisterna magna infusion of antisense oligodeoxynucleotide ( AS ODN ) . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
As these events can be downstream of the activation of epidermal growth factor receptor ( EGFR ) , we pretreated PC 3 cells with PEITC and curcumin and then stimulated them with EGF . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
EGF stimulation and forced expression of EGFR significantly increase B Myb gene activity and such increase occurs in the G 1 phase . ^^^ EGF induced B Myb expression was not significantly suppressed following inhibition of PI 3K and ERK , two major EGFR downstream pathways . ^^^ In contrast , we observed EGF induced in vivo association of nuclear EGFR to the B Myb promoter and the association is only detected at the G1 / S phase and is abolished by EGFR kinase inhibitor . ^^^ Indeed , we found that EGFR co immunoprecipitated with E2F1 in an EGF dependent manner and that EGF activated in vivo binding of E2F1 to the B Myb promoter . ^^^ Promoter mutagenesis studies showed that EGF induced activation of B Myb promoter required both E2F and EGFR target sites . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
An immunocytochemical study on subconfluent BM fibroblast cultures from 13 healthy patients , 16 LCP , and 8 BCP was performed , using as primary antibodies , anti type 1 of IL 1 R ( IL 1R 1 ) , anti alpha , beta chains of PDGF R ( PDGFR alpha , PDGFR beta ) , anti type 1 of FGF R ( FGFR 1 ) , anti type 1 , 2 , and 3 of TGF beta R ( TGF betaR 1 , TGF betaR 2 , and TGF betaR 3 ) , anti EGF R , anti c Fos , and anti c Myc . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Interestingly , the epidermal growth factor ( EGF ) induced phosphorylation levels of the EGF receptor ( EGFR ) were substantially blocked in Fut 8 / cells , compared with Fut8+ / + cells , while there are no significant changes in the total activities of tyrosine phosphatase for phosphorylated EGFR between two cells . ^^^ Finally , we found that the core fucosylation of N glycans is required for the binding of the EGF to its receptor , whereas no effect was observed for the expression levels of EGFR on the cell surface . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
However , despite a plethora of biochemical studies and recent single particle tracking experiments , the early molecular mechanisms involving epidermal growth factor ( EGF ) binding and EGF receptor ( EGFR ) dimerization are not as well understood . ^^^ CONCLUSION : Our computer simulations reveal the mechanism of EGF binding on EGFR . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Competitive binding assay and Scatchard analysis revealed that GE 11 peptide bound specifically and efficiently to EGFR with a dissociation constant of approximately 22 nM , but with much lower mitogenic activity than with EGF . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
In PC 12 cells , the EGF receptor ( EGFR ) is constitutively concentrated in lipid rafts , and further accumulation takes place upon EGF stimulation , followed by activation of SFKs , especially Src and Yes . ^^^ In Csk ( / ) fibroblasts , suppression of SFK results in prolonged EGF induced activation of Erk1 / 2 , with concomitant suppression of EGFR degradation . ^^^ Furthermore , analysis of the behavior of labeled EGF in PC 12 cells reveals that suppression of SFK activity attenuates the rate of clustering of activated EGFR on the membrane . ^^^ These results suggest that SFK activity in lipid rafts is required to facilitate the down regulation of EGF signaling , by regulating the clustering of activated EGFR on the membrane in PC 12 cells . . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
This led us to use PC 3 cells to examine the involvement of lipoxygenase ( LOX ) and cyclooxygenase ( COX ) in the growth effects of NT , including activation of EGF receptor ( EGFR ) and downstream kinases ( ERK , AKT ) , and stimulation of DNA synthesis . ^^^ NT and EGF enhanced [ 3H ] AA release , which was diminished by inhibitors of PLA 2 ( quinacrine ) , EGFR ( AG 1478 ) and MEK ( U 0126 ) . ^^^ NT and EGF phosphorylated EGFR , ERK and AKT , and stimulated DNA synthesis . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Moreover , activation of EGFR by EGF increased COX 2 promoter activity and protein expression in Hep3B and Huh 7 cells , whereas blocking PGE ( 2 ) synthesis or EP ( 1 ) attenuated EGFR phosphorylation induced by EGF , suggesting that the COX 2 / PGE ( 2 ) / EP ( 1 ) pathway also modulate the activation of EGFR by its cognate ligand . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Stimulation of GT 1 7 cells with the alpha 1 AR agonist , phenylephrine ( Phe ) , causes phosphorylation of extracellular signal regulated kinases 1 and 2 ( ERK1 / 2 ) mitogen activated protein ( MAP ) kinases that is mediated by protein kinase C ( PKC ) dependent transactivation of the epidermal growth factor receptor ( EGF R ) . ^^^ Phe induced phosphorylation of the EGF R , and subsequently of Shc and ERK1 / 2 , was attenuated by inhibition of MMP or HB EGF with the selective inhibitor , CRM 197 , or by a neutralizing antibody . ^^^ In contrast , phosphorylation of the EGF R , Shc and ERK1 / 2 by EGF and HB EGF was independent of PKC and MMP activity . ^^^ Moreover , inhibition of Src attenuated ERK1 / 2 responses by Phe , but not by HB EGF and EGF , indicating that Src acts upstream of the EGF R . ^^^ Consistent with a potential role of reactive oxygen species ( ROS ) , Phe induced phosphorylation of EGF R was attenuated by the antioxidant , N acetylcysteine . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Transactivation of epidermal growth factor receptor ( EGFR ) by G protein coupled receptors ( GPCRs ) has been attributed to the activation of matrix metalloproteases ( MMPs ) and the release of EGF family ligands such as HB EGF . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
EGF family members regulate the signaling of ErbB family receptor tyrosine kinases , including the epidermal growth factor receptor ( EGFR / ErbB1 ) , ErbB2 / HER2 / Neu , ErbB3 / HER3 and ErbB4 / HER4 . ^^^ We have previously demonstrated that the EGF family hormone NRG2beta is a potent ErbB 4 agonist , whereas NRG2alpha is a weak ErbB 4 agonist . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Among ErbB tyrosine kinase receptors , EGF receptor ( EGFR ) and ErbB 2 were selectively activated by tRA treatment in skin from wild type mice , while the activation of these ErbB receptors was significantly reduced in the skin of HB EGF null mice . ^^^ These results indicate that expression of HB EGF and generation of its soluble form , followed by activation of EGFR and ErbB 2 , are pivotal processes in tRA induced epidermal hyperplasia . . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Expression of epidermal growth factor ( EGF ) and its receptor ( EGFR ) and ezrin were determined using immunohistochemistry . ^^^ RESULTS : None of 12 SPTs displayed synchronous expression of EGF and EGFR , while all 3 malignant SPTs displayed membranous ezrin expression . ^^^ One of 18 MCNs displayed synchronous expression of EGF and EGFR , while 4 of 6 borderline malignant and 8 of 8 malignant MCNs displayed membranous ezrin expression . ^^^ Two of 4 borderline malignant and 11 of 11 malignant IPMTs displayed synchronous expression of EGF and EGFR , and all borderline malignant and malignant IPMTs displayed membranous ezrin expression . ^^^ Less differentiated PA displayed EGF , EGFR , and membranous ezrin expression more frequently compared with more differentiated PA . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
To clarify these biological functions of deletional EGFR , we examined the cellular response to EGF ligand stimulation . ^^^ To examine the cellular response in a lung cancer cell line intrinsically expressing deletional EGFR , phospho EGFR , and downstream reactions were monitored under EGF stimulation with a beads based mulitiplex assay . ^^^ In conclusion , deletional EGFR is constitutively active and phosphorylates p44 / 42 MAPK and AKT in the cells , although the fact that the EGFR phosphorylation in the PC 9 cells is still modulated by EGF stimulation can not be ignored . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
To understand how type 1 and 2 endometrial tumors uniquely respond to tyrosine kinase inhibitor treatments , we evaluated the signaling pathways of epidermal growth factor ( EGF ) receptor ( EGFR ) under the effects of EGF and Iressa ( ZD 1839 , gefitinib ) using Ishikawa H and Hec50co cells that model type 1 and 2 endometrial carcinomas , respectively . ^^^ Nevertheless , in both cell lines , EGF stimulated and Iressa blocked the major EGFR target mitogen activated protein kinases extracellular signal regulated kinase 1 and 2 equally . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
We investigated EGF induced auto transphosphorylation of EGFR in both cell lines . ^^^ We hypothesize a mechanism by which , through direct interaction with EGFR , the AR elicits a reduction of EGF mediated signalling and confers a less malignant phenotype . . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
This is dependent on EGF receptor ( EGFR ) signaling that triggers ERK mediated degradation of the transcription factor Yan . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
However , epidermal growth factor ( EGF ) induced endocytosis of the EGF receptor ( EGFR ) was inhibited only in cells where the alpha subunit had been knocked down . ^^^ These contained EGF , EGFR , clathrin , and Grb 2 but not the TfR . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Our data suggest that ET 1 ETA mediated ROS generation can transiently inhibit SHP 2 activity to facilitate the MMP dependent and HB EGF stimulated EGFR transactivation and mitogenic signal transduction in rat cardiac fibroblasts . . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
We studied epithelial expression of EGF , transforming growth factor a , amphiregulin , heregulin ( HRG ) , betacellulin ( BTC ) , and their receptors , EGFR , HER 2 , and HER 3 , by immunohistochemical analysis in resected bronchial tissue from 20 subjects with ( forced expiratory volume in 1 second [ FEV ( 1 ) ] < 75 % of predicted value ) and 18 without ( FEV ( 1 ) > 85 % predicted value ) COPD . ^^^ Subgroup analysis showed higher EGFR expression in intact epithelium ( 1 . 4 times ; P pound . 04 ) and higher EGF , BTC , and HRG expression in damaged epithelium ( 1 . 4 1 . 8 times ; P < or= . 05 ) of ex smokers with COPD compared with ex smokers without COPD . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
The poor masking response of waved 2 ( Egfr ( wa 2 ) ) mutant mice , with reduced EGF receptor activity , was adduced in support of this idea . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Chemotactic responses to low concentrations of EGF in vitro and cell motility in vivo in the primary tumor measured using intravital imaging are significantly increased by ErbB 1 overexpression . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
The epidermal growth factor ( EGF ) receptor ( EGFR ) has been found to be overexpressed in several types of cancer cells , and the regulation of its oncogenic potential has been widely studied . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Enhanced expression of EGFR , TGF alpha , EGF in hyperplastic parathyroid glands in established stage of renal failure in rats ] . ^^^ This time , we investigated the time course for EGFR and its ligands , TGF alpha , and EFG expression , and the influence of high phosphorus ( P ) diet to EGFR and EGF expression , and the effect of EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitor ( Gefitinib , [ IRESSA ; AstraZeneca ] ; TKI ) in rat PTGs with established stage of renal failure . ^^^ The levels of EGFR , EGF , TGF alpha mRNA in rat PTGs were increased for the time periods . ^^^ These results suggested that the enhanced expression of EGFR , TGF alpha and EGF participate in the cell proliferation of hyperplastic PTGs in established stage of renal failure . . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Expression of wild type EGFR ligands , such as transforming growth factor alpha ( TGF alpha ) or heparin binding EGF ( HB EGF ) , is also often increased in gliomas resulting in an autocrine loop that contributes to the growth autonomy of glioma cells . ^^^ The mutant receptor does not bind ligand , and EGFRvIII induced expression of TGF alpha and HB EGF suggests that EGFRvIII plays a role in generating an autocrine loop using the wild type EGFR in glioma . ^^^ This suggests that the EGFRvIII HB EGF wild type EGFR autocrine loop plays an important role in signal transduction by EGFRvIII in glioma cells . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
EGFR activation and signaling was assessed by measuring EGF and transforming growth factor alpha release and EGFR and ( 44 / 42 ) MAPK phosphorylation . ^^^ In conclusion , ROS induced GC metaplasia in normal human bronchial epithelial cells is associated with HA depolymerization and EGF processing by TK followed by EGFR signaling , suggesting that increases in TK activity could contribute to GC metaplasia and mucus hypersecretion in diseases such as asthma and chronic bronchitis . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
For example , prostaglandin E ( 2 ) ( PGE ( 2 ) ) induced transactivation of the EGF receptor ( EGFR ) in colorectal carcinoma cells is mediated by means of a c Src dependent mechanism and regulates cell proliferation and migration . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Chromatin immunoprecipitation and promoter activity assays identify EGFR as a direct target gene for AP 2alpha repression , and , in the absence of AP 2alpha , this is manifested primarily in excessive EGF dependent phosphoinositol 3 kinase / Akt activity . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
The finding that EGF receptor ( Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor ) and PDGF receptor ( Platelet Derived Growth Factor Receptor ) are involved in bone metastases opens up new therapeutic prospects . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Expression of the NRG receptor erbB 4 and EGF receptor is also evident in schwannomas , but is more limited , occurring in only a subset of these tumors . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
In the present study an EGF saporin affinity toxin has been established and evaluated in two EGFR overexpressing cancer cell lines . ^^^ Control experiments , using untargeted saporin , EGFR negative cell lines and competition with EGF and anti EGFR antibody were used to document selective uptake of the affinity toxin . ^^^ It was shown that PCI increases the toxicity of EGF saporin significantly in EGFR positive cells . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Six genes were over expressed ( ERBB 2 , TGFA , HB EGF , AREG , EREG and EPGN ) , 3 were under expressed ( ERBB 1 , ERBB 4 and NRG 4 ) and 2 were over or under expressed ( ERBB 3 and BTC ) . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Topical treatment of human skin with all trans retinoic acid ( tRA ) induces EGFR ligands heparin binding ( HB ) EGF and amphiregulin ( AR ) , and reduces betacellulin mRNA levels . ^^^ Topical tRA activates extracellular signal regulated kinase 1 / 2 ( Erk1 / 2 ) downstream EGFR effectors in human skin in vivo . tRA increases the soluble forms of AR and HB EGF proteins , and induces epidermal hyperplasia , in human skin organ culture . ^^^ Retinoid induced epidermal hyperplasia is mediated by epidermal growth factor receptor activation via specific induction of its ligands heparin binding EGF and amphiregulin in human skin in vivo . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Ligand induced degradation represents an essential component of the overall regulation of EGF receptor ( EGFR ) coupled signal transduction . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Epidermal growth factor ( EGF ) and its receptor ( EGFR ) are involved in hormone refractory growth and poor prognosis of a subgroup of human prostate cancer . ^^^ An EGFR inhibitor , AG 1478 , abrogated the PSA suppression effect by EGF , in concurrence with the suppression of tyro phosphorylation levels of EGFR . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
The tropoelastin mRNA downregulation is preceded by release of EGF like and TGF alpha like polypeptides and requires EGFR / MEK / ERK signaling , because it is prevented by the EGFR inhibitor AG 1478 and the MEK / ERK uncoupler U 0126 . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Accordingly , basal PP2A contributed to the phosphorylation of Shc Tyr 317 in ErbB 4 expressing CHO cells , nevertheless it had been reported that PP2A negatively regulates Shc tyrosine phosphorylation in the EGF or IGF 1 induced signalling pathways . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Endosomal trafficking of EGF receptor ( EGFR ) upon stimulation is a highly regulated process during receptor mediated signaling . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
In this study , we further demonstrated that EGFR could not be phosphorylated by EGF in lysates prepared from MNNG pretreated cell . ^^^ In addition , it was found that the clustering of EGFR induced by low concentration ( < or=1 microM ) of MNNG on cell surface was indeed the dimerization of EGFR ; however , unlike EGF treatment , the dimerization initiated by MNNG was irreversible upon mild acid washing . ^^^ However , in the presence of 1mM ATP , EGF induced phosphorylation of tyrosine residues of EGFR can be revitalized in lysates prepared from MNNG pretreated cells . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Growth of HBECs was highly dependent on epidermal growth factor ( EGF ) and completely inhibited by EGF receptor ( EGFR ) tyrosine kinase inhibitors , which induced G 1 arrest . ^^^ Introduction of EGFR mutations E 746 A750 del and L858R progressed HBECs toward malignancy as measured by soft agar growth , including EGF independent growth , but failed to induce tumor formation . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Tumor endothelial cells express epidermal growth factor receptor ( EGFR ) but not ErbB 3 and are responsive to EGF and to EGFR kinase inhibitors . ^^^ As a consequence of their expressing EGFR , tumor endothelial cells responded to EGF and other EGF family members by activating both EGFR and ErbB 2 , by activating the downstream mitogen activated protein kinase pathway , and by enhanced proliferation . ^^^ These low molecular weight compounds block EGF induced EGFR activation and proliferation of tumor endothelial cells . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
CONCLUSIONS : These results indicate that human NE induces MUC5AC mucin through the epidermal growth factor receptor ( EGF R ) , ERK , and NF kB pathways in A 549 cells . . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Transactivation of epidermal growth factor receptor ( EGFR ) by G protein coupled receptors ( GPCRs ) is currently understood to be mediated by matrix metalloproteases ( MMPs ) and the release of EGF like ligands . ^^^ This ligand mediated process also suggests that downstream of EGFR the signalling in response to GPCR ligands or EGF appears to be indistinguishable . ^^^ In contrast , beta 2 AR has the ability to activate PLCgamma 1 when the EGFR is primed either by co stimulation with EGF or by increased basal activity due to over expression . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
These results suggest that beta 1 integrin stretch activates Cl ( ) SAC via EGFR , PI 3K , and NADPH oxidase , and that both the Cl ( ) SAC and the EGF induced Cl ( ) currents are likely to be the volume sensitive Cl ( ) current , 1 ( Cl , swell ) . . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
The heparin binding EGF like growth factor ( HB EGF ) is a member of the EGF family of growth factors that binds to and activates the EGF receptor ( EGFR / ErbB1 ) and ErbB 4 . ^^^ HB EGF signaling through ErbB 2 is essential for the maintenance of homeostasis in the adult heart , whereas HB EGF signaling through EGFR is required during cardiac valve development . ^^^ ErbB and HB EGF signaling in heart development and function . ^^^ The epidermal growth factor ( EGF ) ErbB signaling network is composed of multiple ligands of the EGF family and four tyrosine kinase receptors of the ErbB family . ^^^ Recent advances in gene targeting strategies in mice have revealed that the EGF ErbB signaling network has fundamental roles in development , proliferation , differentiation , and homeostasis in mammals . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
EGFR activity , measured both by autophosphorylation and downstream signalling , was inhibited in a dose dependent manner by injection of AG 1478 in mice bearing xenografts of the human glioblastoma cell line U87MG . delta2 7 , which expresses a constitutively active variant of the EGF receptor . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Both phospholipase ( PL ) C gamma 1 and Akt ( protein kinase B ; PKB ) are signaling proteins that play significant roles in the intracellular signaling mechanism used by receptor tyrosine kinases , including epidermal growth factor ( EGF ) receptor ( EGFR ) . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Either FSH or EGF can activate the loop to activate CDK 4 and initiate DNA synthesis ; however , consistent with our previous findings , FSH effect seems to be mediated by EGF , which initiates the event by stimulating EGFR kinase . . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
PURPOSE : Although gefitinib , a selective inhibitor of epidermal growth factor receptor ( EGFR ) tyrosine kinase , has been demonstrated to exhibit its antitumor activity by the blockade of EGF receptor , the role of signaling pathways downstream of EGFR in gefitinib sensitivity remains unknown . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
EGFR modulation using EGF or an EGFR inhibitor markedly influenced viability and response to I3C in MDA MB 468 cells in 3D conditions . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
To test the coherence between the model and the biological response to epidermal growth factor ( EGF ) in cells , the levels of DAG and the tyrosine phosphorylation EGFRs in NIH3T3 mouse embryonic fibroblast ( MEF ) were determined by biochemical experiments which showed that the accumulation of DAG was a sigmoidal function of phosphorylation EGFR concentration , and the consistency between the mathematical model and experimental results was confirmed . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Epidermal growth factor ( EGF ) and transforming growth factor alpha ( TGFalpha ) have been shown to inhibit gastric acid secretion through stimulation of the EGF receptor ( EGFR ) . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Epidermal growth factor ( EGF ) conjugated copolymer micelles were prepared from a mixture of diblock copolymers of methoxy poly ( ethylene glycol ) block poly ( delta valerolactone ) ( MePEG b PVL ) and EGF PEG b PVL for targeted delivery to EGF receptor ( EGFR ) overexpressing cancers . ^^^ These results demonstrate that the EGF conjugated copolymer micelles developed in this study have potential as vehicles for targeting hydrophobic drugs to EGFR overexpressing cancers . . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Addition of the EGF ligand increased the SP population while inactivation of the EGFR kinase by Iressa significantly decreased SP . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Ubiquitination of the EGF receptor ( EGFR ) is believed to play a critical role in regulating both its localization and its stability . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
It has been reported that G protein coupled receptor ( GPCR ) activation induces epidermal growth factor ( EGF ) receptor ( EGFR ) transactivation through the shedding of heparin binding EGF like growth factor ( HB EGF ) . ^^^ Ang 2 induced EGFR phosphorylation , which was inhibited by an AT1R antagonist , HB EGF neutralizing antibody , and an HB EGF antagonist in both keratinocytes and in fibroblasts . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
PGE 2 reversed the inhibitory effects of AG on AREG induced expression of Areg but not Ptgs 2 , placing Ptgs 2 downstream of EGF R signaling . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
We investigated the effects of lidocaine ( 40 4000 microM ) on proliferation of a human tongue cancer cell line , CAL 27 , which has a high level of EGFR expression , and also examined the effect of lidocaine on epidermal growth factor ( EGF ) stimulated autophosphorylation of EGFR in CAL 27 cells . ^^^ A clinical concentration of lidocaine ( 400 microM ) suppressed both serum induced and EGF induced proliferation of CAL 27 cells and inhibited EGF stimulated tyrosine kinase activity of EGFR without cytotoxicity . ^^^ We suggest that the inhibition of EGF stimulated EGFR activity is one of the mechanisms of the antiproliferative effect of lidocaine on CAL 27 cells . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Phosphorylation of EGF receptor ( EGF R ) and ERK1 / 2 was assessed with a polyclonal anti EGF R or anti phosphoERKl / 2 monoclonal antibody . ^^^ RESULTS : We demonstrate that in HASMC LTD 4 stimulated thymidine incorporation and potentiation of EGF induced mitogenic signaling mostly depends upon EGF R transactivation through the stimulation of CysLT 1 R . ^^^ We show here that EGF R transactivation was sensitive to pertussis toxin ( PTX ) and phosphoinositide 3 kinase ( PI3K ) inhibitors and that it occurred independently from Src activity , despite the observation of a strong impairment of LTD 4 induced DNA synthesis following Src inhibition . ^^^ More interestingly , CysLT 1 R stimulation increased the production of ROS and N acetylcysteine ( NAC ) abolished LTD 4 induced EGF R phosphorylation and thymidine incorporation . ^^^ CONCLUSION : Collectively , our data demonstrate that in HASMC LTD 4 stimulation of a Gi / o coupled CysLT 1 R triggers the transactivation of the EGF R through the intervention of PI3K and ROS . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Depletion of hVps 24 by siRNA showed that this ESCRT subunit , like Tsg 101 , is important for degradation of the epidermal growth factor ( EGF ) receptor ( EGFR ) and for transport of the receptor from early endosomes to lysosomes . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
BACKGROUND / AIMS : Activation of angiotensin 2 ( ANG 2 ) receptors stimulates extracellular signal regulated kinases ( ERKs ) that , in some cell systems , are mediated by transactivating the epidermal growth factor ( EGF ) receptor ( EGFR ) through mechanisms involving matrix metalloprotease ( MMP ) stimulated processing of heparin binding EGF ( HB EGF ) from its precursor . ^^^ ANG 2 dependent ERK activation was inhibited by : ( 1 ) the type 1 ANG 2 selective antagonist losartan ; ( 2 ) the type 2 ANG 2 selective antagonist PD 123319 ; ( 3 ) an inhibitor of MMP2 / 9 ; ( 4 ) the EGFR kinase inhibitor AG 1478 , and ( 5 ) the HB EGF antagonists CRM 197 and heparin . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Gefitinib , ( Iressa ) , a small molecule EGFR selective inhibitor of tyrosine kinase activity which blocks EGF autophosphorylation and activation , has been the first EGFR targeting drug to be registered in 28 countries worldwide , including the USA , for the third line treatment of chemoresistant non small cell lung cancer patients . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Cytotoxicity on EGF receptor ( EGFR ) bearing cells was analyzed both alone and after combined application of saponin and chimeric toxin . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Mathematical modeling of EGF binding experiments to different conformational mutants of EGFR has shown that the high affinity class of EGFR on living cells does not correspond to the extended configuration of EGFR and can only be accounted for by including in the mathematical model an additional binding event that is attributed to the dynamic nature of EGFR on living cells . ^^^ These experiments confirm the salient features of the structural model for EGFR regulation and argue further that the intramolecular tether provides only limited autoinhibitory control of EGFR activity and that the low affinity class of EGF binding sites on living cells reflects interconverting , tethered , and extended receptor configurations . . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
The family of epidermal growth factor ( EGF ) like ligands binds to ErbB receptors in a highly selective manner . ^^^ In this study , we broadened the ErbB binding specificity of EGF by introducing the optimal sequence requirements for ErbB 3 binding in both the N and C terminal linear regions . ^^^ One such EGF mutant , designated WVR / EGF / IADIQ , gained high affinity for ErbB 3 and showed concomitant ErbB 3 activation through ErbB2 . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
BACKGROUND : To understand the roles of epidermal growth factor ( EGF ) and EGF receptor ( EGF R ) in cyclosporin A ( CsA ) induced gingival overgrowth , expression of EGF and EGF R upon CsA treatment was examined in an oral epidermoid carcinoma cell line of humans ( OECM 1 ) and in edentulous gingiva of rats . ^^^ METHODS : In vitro study : after CsA treatment , OECM 1 cells were harvested to evaluate their mRNA and protein expression of EGF and EGF R with reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction ( RT PCR ) , Western blot , and immunocytochemistry ( ICC ) . ^^^ RESULTS : In vitro : dose dependently increased mRNA expression of EGF and EGF R in OECM 1 cells was noted after CsA treatment . ^^^ Protein expressions of EGF and EGF R were higher in OECM 1 with CsA treatment than without CsA . ^^^ In vivo : higher mRNA and protein expressions of EGF and EGF R were also observed in the gingival tissues of CsA treated rats . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Here we show that EGF induced waves selectively sequester and internalize approximately 50 % of ligand bound EGFR from the cell surface . ^^^ Epithelial and fibroblast cells stimulated with EGF sequestered EGFR rapidly into waves that subsequently generated numerous receptor positive tubular vesicular structures . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
We demonstrate that compaction requires EGFR kinase activity , yet is maximal in magnitude at intermediate EGF concentrations . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
The role of c Src in mediating angiotensin 2 and arachidonic acid signaling was determined by employing immunocomplex kinase assay , Western blotting analysis , and protein immunoblotting on co precipitated EGF receptor ( EGFR ) proteins and agarose conjugates of glutathione S transferase fusion proteins containing the c Src homology 2 ( SH 2 ) and SH 3 domains . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Suppression of EGF R signaling reduces the incidence of prostate cancer metastasis in nude mice . ^^^ The activation of epidermal growth factor receptor ( EGF R ) plays a key role in the promotion of proliferation and invasion in prostatic carcinoma ( PCa ) . ^^^ Gefitinib ( Iressa ; ZD 1839 ) , an orally active EGF R tyrosine kinase inhibitor , has shown an important anti proliferative activity in tumors expressing EGF R both in vitro and in vivo . ^^^ The molecular characterization of the highly aggressive PCa sub lines demonstrated that this phenomenon was associated with an increment in uPA / uPAR axis but not in EGF R expression . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Mechanisms of the growth inhibitory effect of the RNase EGF fused protein against EGFR overexpressing cells . ^^^ BACKGROUND : We previously showed the usefulness of a fused protein of human pancreatic ribonuclease 1 ( hRNase 1 ) with human epidermal growth factor ( hEGF ) for molecular targeting of EGF receptor ( EGFR ) overexpressing cells . ^^^ CONCLUSION : RNase EGF fused proteins are internalized through EGFR and inhibit cell growth by exerting their ribonucleolytic activity in the cytosol . . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
There was no difference in K ( m ) values between EGF stimulated wild type EGFR ( K ( m ) for ATP=1 . 9+ / 0 . 1 microM ) and deletion mutant EGFR ( K ( m ) for ATP=2 . 2+ / 0 . 2 microM ) . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
We report that , during EGF stimulation , APP mutant neurons demonstrated impaired inactivation , degradation , and ubiquitination of EGFR . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Remarkably , RNAi depletion of beta 2 chimaerin significantly extended the duration of Rac activation by EGF , suggesting that beta 2 chimaerin serves as a mechanism that self limits Rac activity in response to EGFR activation . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
HB EGF , a member of the EGF family of growth factors , exerts its biological activity through activation of the EGFR and other ErbB receptors . ^^^ Recent studies have indicated that HB EGF gene expression is significantly elevated in many human cancers and its expression level in a number of cancer derived cell lines is much higher than those of other EGFR ligands . ^^^ HB EGF participates in diverse biological processes , including heart development and maintenance , skin wound healing , eyelid formation , blastocyst implantation , progression of atherosclerosis and tumor formation , through the activation of signaling molecules downstream of ErbB receptors and interactions with molecules associated with HB EGF . ^^^ These results indicate that HB EGF is a promising target for cancer therapy , and that the development of targeting tools against HB EGF could represent a novel type of therapeutic strategy , as an alternative to targeting ErbB receptors . . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
G protein coupled receptors induce EGF receptor ( EGFR ) signaling , leading to the proliferation and invasion of cancer cells . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Treating the neurons with the G 3 conditioned medium rapidly increased the levels of phosphorylated EGF receptor ( pEGFR ) and phosphorylated extracellular signal regulated kinase ( pERK ) , indicating an activation of EGFR mediated signaling pathways . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Agents that inhibit the EGFR have demonstrated clinical activity as single agents and in combination with chemotherapy and the most promising of these agents is cetuximab , which blocks the binding of EGF and transforming growth factor alpha ( TGF alpha ) to EGFR . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Anisomycin and EGF employ different mechanisms to promote EGFR endocytosis as anisomycin induced internalization does not require tyrosine kinase activity or ubiquitination of the receptor . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
AREG ( Amphiregulin ) , BTC ( beta cellulin ) , EGF , EPGN ( Epigen ) , EREG ( Epiregulin ) , HBEGF , NRG 1 , NRG 2 , NRG 3 , NRG 4 and TGFA ( TGFalpha ) constitute EGF family ligands for ERBB family receptors . ^^^ Cetuximab ( Erbitux ) , Pertuzumab ( Omnitarg ) and Trastuzumab ( Herceptin ) are anti cancer drugs targeted to EGF family ligands , while Gefitinib ( Iressa ) , Erlotinib ( Tarceva ) and Lapatinib ( GW 572016 ) are anti cancer drugs targeted to ERBB family receptors . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Treatment of HBEpCs with LPA stimulated tyrosine phosphorylation of EGFR , which was attenuated by matrix metalloproteinase ( MMP ) inhibitor ( GM 6001 ) , heparin binding ( HB ) EGF inhibitor ( CRM 197 ) , and HB EGF neutralizing antibody . ^^^ Overexpression of dominant negative PKCdelta or pretreatment with a PKCdelta inhibitor ( rottlerin ) or Src kinase family inhibitor ( PP 2 ) partially blocked LPA induced MMP activation , proHB EGF shedding , and EGFR tyrosine phosphorylation . ^^^ Down regulation of Lyn kinase , but not Src kinase , by specific small interfering RNA mitigated LPA induced MMP activation , proHB EGF shedding , and EGFR phosphorylation . ^^^ These results demonstrate that LPA induced IL 8 secretion is partly dependent on EGFR transactivation regulated by PKCdelta dependent activation of Lyn kinase and MMPs and proHB EGF shedding , suggesting a novel mechanism of cross talk and interaction between G protein coupled receptors and receptor tyrosine kinases in HBEpCs . . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
During Caenorhabditis elegans vulval development , a ternary complex consisting of the LIN 7 , LIN 2 and LIN 10 PDZ domain proteins localizes the epidermal growth factor receptor ( EGFR ) to the basolateral compartment of the vulval precursor cells ( VPCs ) to allow efficient receptor activation by the inductive EGF signal from the anchor cell . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Moreover , wild type PLD PX , but not mutated PLD PXs defective for GAP function in vitro , increased epidermal growth factor receptor ( EGFR ) endocytosis at physiological EGF concentrations . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
RGD and IGF independent inhibition of EGF mitogenic activity and EGFR signalling by IGFBP 1 were demonstrated in ESC primary cultures , A 431 , cells and in mouse fibroblasts lacking IGF receptors . . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
In this paper , we demonstrated that cerebral ischemia results in an increase in the number of EGF receptor ( EGFR ) positive transit amplifying cells in the SVZ . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
The activities of the major signaling molecules in EGF receptor ( EGFR ) signal transduction pathways , including autophosphorylation of EGFR , were attenuated in cells expressing SNT 2 but not in cells expressing SNT 2 mutants lacking the ERK 2 binding domain . ^^^ Furthermore , SNT 2 constitutively bound to EGFR through the phosphotyrosine binding ( PTB ) domain both with and without EGF stimulation . ^^^ On the basis of these findings , we propose a novel mechanism of negative control of EGFR tyrosine kinase activity with SNT 2 by recruiting ERK 2 , which is the site of negative feedback loop from ERK , ultimately leading to inhibition of EGF induced cell transformation and proliferation . . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Third , we found that either basolateral 35 nM PD 168393 , a high affinity inhibitor of RTKs in the erbB ( i . e . , EGF receptor ) family , or basolateral 10 nM BPIQ 1 , which blocks erbB RTKs by competing with ATP , eliminates the CO ( 2 ) sensitivity . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
As shown earlier , epidermoid carcinoma A 431 cell adhesion to fibronectin , laminin 2 / 4 or antibodies to receptor EGF ( ab EGFR ) results in reorganization of specific cell shape and actin cytoskeleton in the majority of cells . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
In this study , we found that EGF remarkably induced expression of major IGF signaling components , insulin receptor substrate ( IRS ) 1 and IRS 2 , an effect that could be blocked by EGF receptor ( EGFR ) tyrosine kinase inhibitors . ^^^ Taken together , our results reveal a novel mechanism of cross talk between the EGF and IGF signaling pathways , which could have implications in therapeutic applications of targeting EGFR in tumors . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
EGF stimulated the phosphorylation of EGFR , Akt , and extracellular signal regulated kinase 1 / 2 ( ERK1 / 2 ) in HCC 3 and CBO12C3 cells , whereas EGF stimulated phosphorylation of EGFR and ERK1 / 2 , but not Akt in AD 3 cells . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Nucleotide exchange stimulation by PE is prevented by PKC ( protein kinase C ) inhibition but not by EGFR [ EGF ( epidermal growth factor ) receptor ] blockade , despite the fact that EGFR inhibition aborts basal and PE induced Shc ( Src homology and collagen homology ) phosphorylation and Shc Grb 2 ( growth factor receptor bound protein 2 ) association . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
In this study , we investigated whether the EGF receptor ( EGFR ) is necessary for the maintenance of normal levels of progenitor and Muller glial proliferation in vivo . ^^^ Here , we show that ( 1 ) mice with homozygous deletion of the Egfr gene have reduced proliferation in late stages of retinal histogenesis , ( 2 ) EGF is mitogenic for Mller glia in vivo during the first two postnatal weeks in the rodent retina , ( 3 ) the effectiveness of EGF as a Mller glial mitogen declines in parallel with the decline in EGFR expression as the retina matures , and ( 4 ) following damage to the retina from continuous light exposure , EGFR expression is up regulated in Mller glia to levels close to those in the neonatal retina , resulting in a renewed mitotic response to EGF . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
EGF induced cell migration in a dose dependent manner ; EGF induced EGFR phosphorylation and downstream activation of c Jun N terminal protein kinase ( JNK ) , p 38 MAP kinase ( p 38 ) , extracellular signal regulated kinase ( ERK1 / 2 ) and AKT , were inhibited by PD 153035 ( EGFR inhibitor ) , JNKi ( JNK inhibitor ) , SB 203580 ( p 38 inhibitor ) , U 0126 ( MEK / ERK inhibitor ) , and LY 294002 ( PI3K / AKT inhibitor ) , respectively . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
EGF stimulates receptor neddylation , which enhances subsequent ubiquitylation , as well as sorting of EGFR for degradation . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
In this study , we present multiple lines of evidence to support a critical role for heparin bound EGF ( epidermal growth factor ) like growth factor ( HB EGF ) and tumor necrosis factor alpha converting enzyme ( TACE ) ( ADAM 17 ) in the transactivation of EGF receptor ( EGFR ) , ERK phosphorylation , and cellular proliferation induced by the 5 HT ( 2A ) receptor in renal mesangial cells . 5 hydroxy tryptamine ( 5 HT ) resulted in rapid activation of TACE , HB EGF shedding , EGFR activation , ERK phosphorylation , and longer term increases in DNA content in mesangial cells . ^^^ ERK phosphorylation was attenuated by 1 ) neutralizing EGFR antibodies and the EGFR kinase inhibitor , AG 1478 , 2 ) neutralizing HB EGF , but not amphiregulin , antibodies , heparin , or CM 197 , and 3 ) pharmacological inhibitors of matrix degrading metalloproteinases or TACE small interfering RNA . ^^^ In aggregate , this work supports a pathway map that can be depicted as follows : 5 HT > 5 HT ( 2A ) receptor > TACE > HB EGF shedding > EGFR > ERK > increased DNA content . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
We have engineered human epidermal growth factor ( EGF ) by directed evolution through yeast surface display for significantly enhanced affinity for the EGF receptor ( EGFR ) . ^^^ EGF mutants with a high frequency of the introduced ortholog mutations were isolated through screening the library for enhanced binding affinity to soluble EGFR ectodomain . ^^^ These mutants possess a 30 fold increase in binding affinity over wild type EGF to EGFR transfected fibroblasts and are among the highest affinity EGF proteins to be engineered to date . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
PGE 2 stimulated phosphorylation of JNK in an EGF receptor dependent manner , and activation of the epidermal growth factor receptor required protein kinase C , src , and matrix metalloproteinase activities . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
RATIONALE : Transforming growth factor alpha and epidermal growth factor ( EGF ) , the ligands for EGF receptor ( EGFR ) , stimulate fibroblast proliferation and play an important role in the pathogenesis of pulmonary fibrosis . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
The selective epidermal growth factor receptor ( EGF R ) antagonist , AG 1478 , attenuates the phosphorylation of these proteins by GnRH and EGF . ^^^ Inhibition of PKC and Src abolished the stimulatory effects of GnRH , but not that of EGF , consistent with a critical role of these signaling molecules upstream of the EGF R . ^^^ Consistent with the prosurvival and mitogenic effects of phosphoinositide 3 kinase / Akt ( P 13 K / Akt ) downstream of the EGF R , inhibition of P 13 K diminished the activation of these proteins following stimulation with GnRH , EGF , and PMA . ^^^ These data reveal novel signaling mechanisms of GnRH induced phosphorylation of CREB and BAD in GT 1 7 neurons through transactivation of the EGF R . . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
We hypothesize that EGCG might interrupt EGF signaling by suppressing gene expression of EGF receptor ( EGFR ) in activated HSC , which , together with the interruption of PDGF signaling , might collectively result in the inhibition of HSC growth . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
AG 1478 , PD 98059 , and LY 294002 , inhibitors of EGF receptor ( EGFR ) tyrosine kinase , MAPK / extracellular signal regulated kinase ( ERK ) kinase , and phosphatidylinositol 3 kinase ( PI3K ) , respectively , inhibited the contraction and the activity of ERK1 / 2 that were elevated by EGF . ^^^ Although EGF also elevated the activity of EGFR tyrosine kinase in both sham operated and DOCA salt hypertensive rats , the expression and the magnitude of activation did not differ between strips . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
EGF receptor ( EGFr ) expression declined in the first 24 h , whereas ErbB 3 expression rose . ^^^ EGF promoted EGFr and ErbB 2 coassociation , stimulating tyrosine phosphorylation of both proteins . ^^^ A selective tyrphostin inhibitor of ErbB 2 suppressed EGF stimulated DNA synthesis , but maximum suppression required the blockade of the EGFr kinase as well . ^^^ Maximal EGF stimulation of DNA synthesis in vitro depends on the induction of ErbB 2 and involves an EGFr ErbB 2 heterodimer . ^^^ The emergence of ErbB 2 expression in cultured rat hepatocytes correlates with enhanced and diversified EGF mediated signaling . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
A disintegrin and metalloprotease ( ADAM ) is a membrane anchored metalloprotease implicated in the ectodomain shedding of cell surface proteins , including the ligands for epidermal growth factor ( EGF ) receptors ( EGFR ) / ErbB . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
A study by Zhang et al . ( 2006 ) in this issue of Cell provides compelling evidence that the tyrosine kinase domain of the epidermal growth factor receptor ( EGFR ) is activated by the formation of an asymmetric dimer , with one kinase domain in the EGF mediated dimer activating the other through an allosteric mechanism . . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Protein kinase C ( PKC ) zeta has been implicated as a mediator of epidermal growth factor ( EGF ) receptor ( EGFR ) signaling in certain cell types . ^^^ The results indicate that ( a ) PKCzeta is associated with SCCHN progression , ( b ) PKCzeta mediates EGF stimulated MAPK activation in keratinocytes and SCCHN cell lines , ( c ) PKCzeta mediates EGFR and MAPK dependent proliferation in SCCHN cell lines ; and ( d ) PKCzeta inhibitors function additively with other inhibitors that target similar or complementary signaling pathways . . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
The biological and physiological role that EGF plays during development and in adult animals led to the identification of its receptor ( EGFR ) as well as the other members of the EGF family of growth factors and their receptors . ^^^ Further , we have reviewed the transactivation of the EGFR by agonists for G protein coupled receptors ( GPCRs ) and other extracellular stimuli unrelated to EGF like ligands . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Monitoring of ubiquitination and degradation of the EGFR subsequent to stimulation with the receptor ligand EGF is described . ^^^ Finally , protocols to quantitatively measure degradation of the EGFR by pulse chase experiments or using radiolabeled ligands such as 125I EGF are presented . . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Epidermal growth factor ( EGF ) is a ligand for the EGF receptor , a member of the erbB family of receptor tyrosine kinases . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Her2 / neu ( Her 2 ) is a tyrosine kinase belonging to the EGF receptor ( EGFR ) / ErbB family and is overexpressed in 20 30 % of human breast cancers . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
The expression of EGF and EGFR was significantly strong in pulmonary metastatic nodules compared to those in primary breast carcinoma tissue . ^^^ Therefore , erlotinib may play a role in preventing pulmonary metastasis , which shows the strong expression of EGF and EGFR after curative resection of primary breast cancer . . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
We show that repair occurs primarily by cell migration to close a defect ; this process requires activation of the EGF receptor ( EGFR ) and subsequent tyrosine kinase signalling . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Polymorphisms of interest in the EGFR pathway include : cyclin D 1 ( CCND 1 ) A870G , cyclooxygenase 2 ( Cox 2 ) G 765C , epidermal growth factor ( EGF ) A61G , epidermal growth factor receptor ( EGFR ) codon R 497 K , EGFR CA dinucleotide repeat in intron 1 , interleukin ( IL ) 8 T 251A and vascular endothelial growth factor ( VEGF ) C 936 T gene polymorphisms . ^^^ Using the polymerase chain reaction restriction fragment length polymorphism method , gene polymorphisms of CCND 1 , COX 2 , EGF , EGFR , IL 8 and VEGF were assessed from genomic DNA extracted from blood samples . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Retargeting of biotinylated Ad 5 with EGF increased transduction of EGFR and ABCG 2 expressing corneal epithelial progenitor cells up to nine fold and reduced transduction of K 12 and involucrin expressing differentiated corneal epithelial cells and had higher BrdU incorporation indexes . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Human ADPKD cystic epithelia have proliferative abnormalities mediated by EGFR over expression and mispolarization leading autocrine response to EGF family ligands . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
PURPOSE : The authors have previously demonstrated that wounding of human corneal epithelial cells ( HCECs ) transactivates epidermal growth factor ( EGF ) receptor ( EGFR ) and its downstream signaling pathways and that this EGFR signaling is required for epithelial wound healing . ^^^ METHODS : SV 40 immortalized HCEC ( THCE ) monolayer was wounded and allowed to heal in the presence or absence of a selective inhibitor of the Src family kinases PP 2 and EGFR ligand heparin binding EGF like growth factor ( HB EGF ) . ^^^ Consistent with the inhibition of EGFR transactivation , PP 2 also attenuated epithelial migration and wound closure with or without exogenously added HB EGF . ^^^ On the other hand , AKT phosphorylation was much more sensitive to PP 2 than ERK or EGFR phosphorylation because 3 . 13 microM PP 2 effectively inhibited wound or HB EGF induced AKT phosphorylation . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Control of ErbB signaling through metalloprotease mediated ectodomain shedding of EGF like factors . ^^^ Once shed from the cell surface , EGF like factors bind to a family of four cell surface receptors named ErbB 1 , 2 , 3 and 4 . ^^^ In addition to its role in driving normal developmental processes , a wealth of evidence now exists showing that de regulated ErbB signaling is associated with the formation of tumors in a variety of tissues and that ectodomain shedding of EGF like factors plays a critical event in this process . ^^^ Thus , knowledge of the molecular mechanisms by which EGF like factors are shed from the cell surface and the nature of the proteases and cellular signals that govern this process is crucial to understanding ErbB receptor signaling and potentially also in the development of novel cancer therapeutics targeting the ErbB pathway . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Epidermal growth factor ( EGF ) receptor ( EGFR ) mediated motility , present in both autocrine and paracrine modes in prostate carcinomas , requires de novo transcription to persist over times greater than a few hours . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Also , we found that internalization of ( 125 ) 1 225 mAb , in contrast to that of EGF , is independent of receptor tyrosine kinase activity , as evidenced by its insensitivity to AG 1478 , a specific EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitor . ^^^ Taken together , these data indicate that 225 mAb induces internalization and downregulation of EGFR via a mechanism distinct from that underlying EGF induced EGFR internalization and downregulation . . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
In the present study , we show that keratinocyte migration induced by TGF beta 1 , KGF , EGF , TGF alpha and staurosporine depends on EGFR signaling , involves autocrine HB EGF expression and is potently blocked by GSK 3 inhibitors SB 415286 and LiCl . ^^^ Thus , induction of keratinocyte migration is conveyed through EGFR , promoted by endogenous HB EGF and requires GSK 3alpha activity . . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Cetuximab is a chimeric ( human murine ) monoclonal antibody directed against the extracellular domain of the EGFR that blocks ligand ( TGF alpha , EGF ) access to the receptor . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
We show that this process is achieved by the activity of crossveinless c , a gene coding for a RhoGAP and whose specific transcriptional activation in the tracheal cells is triggered by both the trachealess patterning gene and the EGF Receptor ( EGFR ) signaling pathway . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
EGF receptor ( EGFR ) signaling induces Snail , which binds conserved E box elements in the PGDH promoter to repress transcription . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
When stimulated with only the EGF like domain , ERBB 3 shows degradation rates comparable with constitutive turnover , but stimulation with full length neuregulin 1 resulted in receptor degradation at rates that are comparable with activated EGF receptor . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
TbetaT FH expresses high levels of transforming growth factor alpha ( TGF alpha ) and heparin binding EGF like growth factor ( HB EGF ) and shows constitutive activation of the EGFR pathway . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
BACKGROUND : Angiotensin 2 ( Ang 2 ) promotes growth of vascular smooth muscle cells ( VSMCs ) via epidermal growth factor ( EGF ) receptor ( EGFR ) transactivation mediated through a metalloprotease dependent shedding of heparin binding EGF like growth factor ( HB EGF ) . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
The immunohistochemistry method was used to observe the number of G cells , the expression of protein of EGFR ( EGF receptor ) , C erbB 2 , p 53 , p 16 and bcl 2 in gastric tissue . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Specific molecular targeted therapeutic agents for hormone refractory prostate cancer ( HRPC ) include endothelin A receptor antagonist , EGF receptor ( EGFR ) inhibitor , platelet derived growth factor receptor ( PDGFR ) inhibitor , nuclear factor of kappaB ( NF kappaB ) inhibitor , cyclooxygenase 2 ( COX 2 ) inhibitor , and active form of Vitamin D . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Mevalonate metabolites play an essential role in transducing epidermal growth factor ( EGF ) receptor ( EGFR ) mediated signaling , as several of these metabolites are required for the function of this receptor and the components of its signaling cascades . ^^^ Lovastatin treatment inhibited EGF induced EGFR autophosphorylation and its downstream signaling cascades by 24 hours . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
The protein complex contains 5 human EGF ligand domains , which confer specific binding towards the extracellular portion of EGFR . ^^^ Receptor binding of the peptabody EGF had a strong antiproliferative effect on different cancer cell lines overexpressing EGFR . ^^^ In vitro experiments demonstrated a significantly higher binding activity for peptabody EGF than for the therapeutic monoclonal EGFR antibody Mab 425 . ^^^ Furthermore , the antitumor action provoked by the peptabody EGF was greatly superior than antibody mediated effects when tested on EGFR overexpressing cancer cell lines . ^^^ Peptabody EGF : a novel apoptosis inducer targeting ErbB 1 receptor overexpressing cancer cells . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Sorting of endocytosed EGF receptor ( EGFR ) to internal vesicles of multivesicular bodies ( MVBs ) depends on sustained activation and ubiquitination of the EGFR . ^^^ The extent of colocalization of EGFR and Grb 2 with Hrs and clathrin varied with time of incubation with EGF . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
The epidermal growth factor ( EGF ) receptor ( EGFR ) plays an important role in the growth and progression of breast cancer . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
The present study used isolated arteries and VSMCs to investigate the role of the EGFR ligand heparin binding epidermal growth factor ( HB EGF ) in ET 1 induced transactivation of EGFR , intracellular calcium mobilization , and VSMCs contraction . ^^^ In isolated mouse carotid artery segments mounted in an arteriograph , ET 1 caused only a weak increase in isovolumetric tone in HB EGF deficient vessels , and this effect was mimicked by inhibition of EGFR tyrosine kinase or phosphoinositide 3 kinase ( PI3K ) in wild type arteries with or without endothelium , indicating a specific role in VSMCs . ^^^ EGFR or PI3K inhibitors had no effect on KCl induced contraction , which was normal in HB EGF deficient mice . ^^^ To confirm that the abnormal responses in HB EGF deficient mice were due to impaired EGFR signaling , we studied VSMCs from waved 2 ( wa 2 ) mice ; these animals have a mutation causing a partial loss of function of EGFR tyrosine kinase activity . ^^^ Mutated DT toxin ( CRM 197 ) is devoid of toxicity but it neutralizes HB EGF binding to EGFR . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Promoter studies of a subset of GLI / EGF regulated genes , including the genes encoding interleukin 1 antagonist IL1R2 , Jagged 2 , cyclin D 1 , S100A7 , and S100A9 , suggest convergence of EGFR and HH / GLI signaling at the level of promoters of selected direct GLI target genes . ^^^ Inhibition of EGFR and MEK / ERK but not of phosphatidylinositol 3 kinase / AKT abrogated synergistic activation of GLI / EGF target genes , showing that EGFR can signal via RAF / MEK / ERK to cooperate with GLI proteins in selective target gene regulation . ^^^ Coexpression of the GLI / EGF target IL1R2 , EGFR , and activated ERK1 / 2 in human anagen hair follicles argues for a cooperative role of EGFR and HH / GLI signaling in specifying the fate of outer root sheath ( ORS ) cells . ^^^ We also show that EGF treatment neutralizes GLI mediated induction of epidermal stem cell marker expression and provide evidence that EGFR signaling is essential for GLI induced cell cycle progression in epidermal cells . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
We have identified a regulated interaction between parkin and Eps 15 , an adaptor protein that is involved in epidermal growth factor ( EGF ) receptor ( EGFR ) endocytosis and trafficking . ^^^ Treatment of cells with EGF stimulates parkin binding to both Eps 15 and the EGFR and promotes parkin mediated ubiquitination of Eps 15 . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
There was concomitant phosphorylation of EGF receptors ( ErbB 1 ) following seizures , suggesting that seizure activities liberated HB EGF and activated neighboring ErbB 1 receptors . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
These results suggest that TDI directly induces production of proinflammatory cytokines and chemokines through p 38 MAPK and EGF receptor ( EGFR ) Erk pathway without an autocrine mechanism . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Furthermore , we show that N syndecan interacts with EGF receptor ( EGFR ) at the plasma membrane and is required in EGFR induced neuronal migration . . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Anterior posterior axis formation in the Drosophila oocyte requires activation of the EGF receptor ( EGFR ) pathway in the posterior follicle cells ( PFC ) , where it also redirects them from the default anterior to the posterior cell fate . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Global cellular responses induced by epidermal growth factor ( EGF ) receptor ( EGFR ) occur immediately with a less than 1 % occupancy among tens of thousands of EGFR molecules on single cell surface . ^^^ A small number of EGFR on the cell surface formed dimeric binding sites , which bound EGF two orders of magnitude faster than the monomeric binding sites . ^^^ These two mechanisms facilitate the formation of signaling dimers of EGF / EGFR complexes . . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
EGF dependent phosphorylation of Cool 1 enables it to act as a nucleotide exchange factor for Cdc 42 and to form a complex with the E 3 ligase Cbl , thus regulating Cbl catalysed EGFR degradation . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Betacellulin ( BTC ) is a member of the epidermal growth factor ( EGF ) family , and its signal action is mediated through EGF receptors ( EGFR ) . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
AGE responses also included EGF receptor ( EGFR ) phosphorylation in MCs or HEK 293 cells , but this link was blocked in both MC R 1 and HEK 293 R1 cells . ^^^ Coexpression of AGER 1 and EGFR in HEK 293 cells decreased AGE mediated EGFR and p44 / p42 phosphorylation but not EGF induced p44 / p42 activation . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Levels of mRNAs for EGF , TGF alpha , TGF beta isoforms 1 , 2 , and 3 , and their receptors ( EGF R and TGFbeta IIR ) were measured by quantitative RT PCR on days 0 , 1 . 5 , 7 , 21 , 42 , and 91 after ablation . ^^^ Levels of EGF R mRNA rapidly increased 60 fold on day 7 compared with day 0 ( 571 vs . 9 copies / cell ) then decreased sixfold above baseline at day 91 . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
To go further in the characterization of the EGF pathway , we screened EGFR , ERBB 2 , ERBB 3 , KRAS , BRAF , and PIK3CA for mutations in 2 groups of White patients with nonsmall cell lung cancer ( 45 cancers from women and 46 cancers from men ) . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
BACKGROUND : In the time since we presented the first molecular evolutionary study of the ErbB family of receptors and the EGF family of ligands , there has been a dramatic increase in genomic sequences available . ^^^ The recent identification of several new ligands for the ErbB receptors supports this characterization of an ErbB ligand ; further , applying this characterization to available sequences suggests additional potential ligands for these receptors , the EGF modules from previously identified proteins : interphotoreceptor matrix proteoglycan 2 , the alpha and beta subunit of meprin A , and mucins 3 , 4 , 12 , and 17 . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
RPE cells express mRNAs for various members of the EGF related growth factor family , among them for HB EGF , as well as for the EGF receptors ErbB 1 , 2 , 3 , and 4 . ^^^
Interacting proteins: P01133 and P00533	Pubmed	SVM Score :0.0
Modulation of pro epidermal growth factor , pro transforming growth factor alpha and epidermal growth factor receptor gene expression in human renal carcinomas . ^^^