| Interacting proteins: Q9C0J9 and O14503 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| Here we report the identification of a novel subfamily of bHLH proteins , defined by two mammalian enhancer of split and hairy related proteins , termed SHARP 1 and SHARP 2 . ^^^ |
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| Interacting proteins: Q9C0J9 and O14503 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| Here we report the identification of a novel subfamily of bHLH proteins , defined by two mammalian enhancer of split and hairy related proteins , termed SHARP 1 and SHARP 2 . ^^^ |
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| Interacting proteins: Q9C0J9 and O14503 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| We describe the expression pattern of mouse Sharp 1 ( mSharp 1 ) , a member of the basic helix loop helix ( bHLH ) family of transcription factors . mSharp 1 belongs to the Hairy / Enhancer of Split ( E ( Spl ) ) subfamily of bHLH factors that are key targets of the Notch signaling pathway and exhibits the highest sequence identity with Stra 13 . ^^^ |
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| Interacting proteins: Q9C0J9 and O14503 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| Dose effect curves ( DECs ) were obtained prior to chronic ethanol ( DEC 1 ) , immediately after ethanol tolerance development ( DEC 2 ) , and 6 months ( DEC 3 ) following termination of ethanol exposure . ^^^ |
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| Interacting proteins: Q9C0J9 and O14503 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| DEC 2 had high ( 97 % ) and moderate ( 52 % ) similarities in the bHLH region and the Orange domain with DEC 1 , respectively . ^^^ However , DEC 2 , but not DEC 1 , had alanine and glycine rich regions in the C terminal half . ^^^ Unlike DEC 1 , which was broadly expressed in many tissues , DEC 2 showed a more restricted pattern of mRNA expression . ^^^ |
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| Interacting proteins: Q9C0J9 and O14503 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| Identification of functional hypoxia response elements in the promoter region of the DEC 1 and DEC 2 genes . ^^^ In the present study , we found that hypoxia or CoCl ( 2 ) enhanced the mRNA expression of DEC 2 , as well as DEC 1 , within 24 h in chondrogenic ATDC 5 , 293T , and HeLa cells . ^^^ In luciferase assays , the regions between 524 and 401 in the DEC 1 promoter , and between 863 and 258 in the DEC 2 promoter , were responsible for the hypoxia or hypoxia inducible factor 1alpha ( HIF 1alpha ) induced transcription . ^^^ Although the DEC 2 HRE did not have a cAMP response element like or CACAG sequence , it showed a higher affinity for HIF 1 than did the DEC 1 HRE . ^^^ Because DEC 1 and DEC 2 are directly inducible by HIF 1 , these transcription factors may be crucial for the adaptation to hypoxia . . ^^^ |
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| Interacting proteins: Q9C0J9 and O14503 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| Basic helix loop helix transcription factors , BHLHB 2 and BHLHB 3 ; their gene expressions are regulated by multiple extracellular stimuli . ^^^ Of the basic helix loop helix ( bHLH ) proteins binding to the E box sequence , class B of bHLH proteins , BHLHB 2 ( also referred to as the DEC1 / Eip1 / SHARP 2 / Stra13 / Clast5 ) and BHLHB 3 ( also referred to as the DEC2 / SHARP 1 / SHARP1 ) , are transcription factors that contain a unique orange domain . ^^^ Both the BHLHB 2 and BHLHB 3 genes are widely expressed in both embryonic and adult tissues . ^^^ The structural features , functions , and biological roles of the novel bHLH transcription factors , BHLHB 2 and BHLHB 3 , are discussed along with the mechanisms in which the genes encoding these factors are regulated . . ^^^ |
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| Interacting proteins: Q9C0J9 and O14503 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| Dec 1 and Dec 2 are regulators of the mammalian molecular clock . ^^^ We found that Dec 1 and Dec 2 , basic helix loop helix transcription factors , repressed Clock / Bmal1 induced transactivation of the mouse Per 1 promoter through direct protein protein interactions with Bmal 1 and / or competition for E box elements . ^^^ Dec 1 and Dec 2 are expressed in the suprachiasmic nucleus in a circadian fashion , with a peak in the subjective day . ^^^ A brief light pulse induced Dec 1 but not Dec 2 expression in the suprachiasmic nucleus in a phase dependent manner . ^^^ Dec 1 and Dec 2 are regulators of the mammalian molecular clock , and form a fifth clock gene family . . ^^^ |
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| Interacting proteins: Q9C0J9 and O14503 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| DEC 1 negatively regulates the expression of DEC 2 through binding to the E box in the proximal promoter . ^^^ The present study was undertaken to extend the expression study of DEC 1 and to determine whether DEC 1 and DEC 2 had similar expression patterns among paired cancer normal tissues from the colon , lung , and kidney . ^^^ Without exceptions , DEC 1 was markedly higher in the carcinomas , whereas the opposite was true with DEC 2 . ^^^ In stable transfectants , tetracycline induced expression of DEC 1 caused proportional decreases in the expression of DEC 2 . ^^^ Co transfection with DEC 1 repressed the activity of a DEC 2 promoter reporter by as much as 90 % . ^^^ |
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| Interacting proteins: Q9C0J9 and O14503 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| The expression of Per 1 , Per 2 , Cry 1 , Clock , Bmal 1 , Dec 1 , Dec 2 and c fos was determined 30 and 120 min after treatment in suprachiasmatic nucleus punches by real time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction ( RT PCR ) . ^^^ |
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| Interacting proteins: Q9C0J9 and O14503 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| We show here an autofeedback loop of Dec 1 encoding a basic helix loop helix transcription factor : CLOCK / BMAL increased the promoter activity of Dec 1 , and DEC 1 and DEC 2 as well as PERs and CRYs suppressed the induced expression . ^^^ Forced expression of Clock / Bmal increased endogenous Dec 1 mRNA level , and overexpression of Dec 1 resulted in suppression of Dec 2 , Per 2 , and Dbp expression . ^^^ |
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| Interacting proteins: Q9C0J9 and O14503 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| Dec 1 and Dec 2 expression is disrupted in the suprachiasmatic nuclei of Clock mutant mice . ^^^ DEC 1 and DEC 2 are basic helix loop helix transcription factors that functionally resemble negative feedback components of the mammalian circadian clock . ^^^ The genes Dec 1 and Dec 2 are expressed rhythmically in the rat suprachiasmatic nuclei , and Dec 1 expression is stimulated by light in a time dependent manner with the kinetics of an immediate early gene . ^^^ DEC 1 and DEC 2 can inhibit CLOCK : BMAL 1 transactivation of the clock gene Per 1 , suggesting that these transcription factors may help regulate circadian timing . ^^^ The authors present data on the expression pattern of Dec 1 and Dec 2 in wild type and homozygous Clock mutant mice . ^^^ |
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| Interacting proteins: Q9C0J9 and O14503 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| DEC 1 ( differentially expressed in chondrocytes 1 ) and DEC 2 are E box binding transcription factors and exhibit a circadian expression pattern . ^^^ In the absence of Clock / Bmal1 , both DEC 1 and DEC 2 markedly repressed the mPer 1 promoter reporter ; however , DNA binding mutants showed no repressive activity . ^^^ |
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| Interacting proteins: Q9C0J9 and O14503 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| Moreover , mutant DEC 1 also counteracted DEC 2 mediated suppressive activity in a dominant negative manner . ^^^ The heterodimer formation of DEC 1 and DEC 2 was confirmed by pull down assay . ^^^ |
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| Interacting proteins: Q9C0J9 and O14503 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| For this purpose , the 24 h expression of nine clock genes ( bmal 1 , clock , per 1 , per 2 , per 3 , cry 1 , cry 2 , dec 1 and dec 2 ) and the aa nat gene was monitored under light dark 8 : 16 and light dark 16 : 8 in the rat pineal by using real time RT PCR . ^^^ |
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| Interacting proteins: Q9C0J9 and O14503 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| Rhythmic expression of DEC 1 and DEC 2 in peripheral tissues : DEC 2 is a potent suppressor for hepatic cytochrome P450s opposing DBP . ^^^ DEC 1 and DEC 2 , basic helix loop helix transcription factors , were recently reported to be involved in the central clock in the SCN . ^^^ We examined the expression profile of DEC 1 and DEC 2 in the periphery and their roles in the regulation of oscillating target genes in the liver . ^^^ Levels of DEC 1 and DEC 2 mRNA exhibited a day night variation in various peripheral tissues of rats . ^^^ Transfection assays showed that DEC 2 , but not DEC 1 , suppressed the transcription of the cholesterol 7alpha hydroxylase gene ( CYP7A ) , overwhelming the potent enhancement by D site binding protein ( DBP ) . ^^^ |
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| Interacting proteins: Q9C0J9 and O14503 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| Transcripts of Dec 2 , as well as those of its related gene Dec 1 , exhibit a striking circadian oscillation in the suprachiasmatic nucleus , and Dec 2 inhibits transcription from the Per 1 promoter induced by Clock / Bmal1 [ Honma , Kawamoto , Takagi , Fujimoto , Sato , Noshiro , Kato and Honma ( 2002 ) Nature ( London ) 419 , 841 844 ] . ^^^ Luciferase and gel retardation assays showed that expression of Dec 2 was negatively regulated by binding of Dec 2 or Dec 1 to two CACGTG E boxes in the Dec 2 promoter . ^^^ |
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| Interacting proteins: Q9C0J9 and O14503 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| Clock related genes including Per 1 , Per 2 , Cry 1 , Bmal 1 , Dec 1 , Dec 2 , Dbp , and Reverbalpha showed robust circadian expression rhythms in the submandibular glands in 12 : 12 hour light dark conditions . ^^^ The Clock mutation resulted in increased or decreased mRNA levels of Per 2 , Bmal 1 , Dec 1 , Dec 2 , and Dbp , and in Cry 1 / background , Cry 2 disruption also increased or decreased mRNA levels of these clock related genes and the amylase 1 gene . ^^^ |
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| Interacting proteins: Q9C0J9 and O14503 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| For this purpose , the 24 h profiles of nine clock genes ( bmal 1 , clock , per 1 , per 2 , per 3 , dec 1 , dec 2 , cry 1 and cry 2 ) and the arylalkylamine N acetyltransferase gene as an indicator of the circadian pacemaker output were compared between light dark periods of 8 : 16 and 16 : 8 h . ^^^ |
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| Interacting proteins: Q9C0J9 and O14503 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| In reporter assays , DEC 1 transactivated the survivin promoter but repressed the DEC 2 promoter . ^^^ |
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| Interacting proteins: Q9C0J9 and O14503 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| The basic helix loop helix ( bHLH ) transcription factors , DEC 2 and DEC 1 , play critical roles in the circadian rhythm of the suprachiasmatic nucleus ( SCN ) . ^^^ |
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| Interacting proteins: Q9C0J9 and O14503 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| Tissue specific disruption of rhythmic expression of Dec 1 and Dec 2 in clock mutant mice . ^^^ DEC 1 and DEC 2 basic helix loop helix transcription factors exhibit a circadian expression in the suprachiasmatic nucleus and other peripheral tissues and seem to play roles in regulating the mammalian circadian rhythm by suppressing the CLOCK / BMAL1 activated promoters of Per 1 , Dec 1 , and Dec 2 . ^^^ The authors present data on the expression patterns of mRNA for Dec 1 , Dec 2 , Per 2 , Dbp , and Npas 2 in various tissues of wild type and homozygous Clock mutant mice ( Clock / Clock ) . ^^^ The Clock mutation resulted in extreme reduction of Dec 1 expression in kidney , heart , and skeletal muscle but not in liver , whereas it strongly repressed Dec 2 expression in liver , kidney , and heart , while Dec 2 expression in skeletal muscle remained rhythmic . ^^^ These marked changes in the Dec 1 and Dec 2 expression , as well as in the Per 2 , Dbp , and Npas 2 expression in the periphery by Clock mutation , indicated that CLOCK plays a major role in the expression of these genes in most tissues . ^^^ |
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